Relevant bibliographies by topics / Internet Moral and ethical aspects China

Academic literature on the topic 'Internet Moral and ethical aspects China'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Internet Moral and ethical aspects China"

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Rogowski, Robert. "Ethical problems at work in the opinion of employees of selected banks." Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym 21, no. 8 (May 14, 2018): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1899-2226.21.8.05.

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The paper presents ethical problems faced by the employees of selected banks in Poland. The theoretical section of the paper describes the codes of ethics in banking, especially those concerning the moral aspects of working in banking. The empirical part of the paper presents the results of research on the ethos of bank workers. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were carried out using a special Internet forum devoted to the banking sector. The study includes a content analysis of comments posted by the bank employees on the Internet forum.
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Mey, Jacob L. "How social is the internet?" Internet Pragmatics 1, no. 1 (May 28, 2018): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ip.00002.mey.

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Abstract To many, the collocation of the terms ‘internet’ and ‘social’ may seem a bit strange, even contradictory. Either the internet is by definition social, or it is, by observation and intuition, a rather anti-social affair. The article tries to dispel this ambiguity of attribution, by focusing on both positive and negative aspects of internet practices, as we see them developing among its (often younger) users. A new vision of sociality is attributed mainly to the rise of the internet, and the consequences of a ‘fake’ social life are examined. Adaptation, both to the user and the soft/and hardware is seen as a key term in this respect, and some ethical and moral problems related to internet use are discussed with the aid of some actual cases. Finally, a general evaluation of the internet in both its positive and negative aspects is provided.
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Khilchevskyi, V., and S. Zapototskyi. "CITIZEN SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING: WORLD TRENDS, SITUATION IN UKRAINE." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, no. 82-83 (2022): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2022.82.1.

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The aim of the study was to characterize the main trends in the development of citizen science (CS), which has been attracting growing interest from society since the beginning of the 21st century, which is associated with the development of digital technologies, and the ability to connect to the Internet. According to the Oxford Dictionary, “Citizenship Science is the collection and analysis of data related to the natural world by members of the general public, usually as part of a collaborative project with professional scientists “. This movement has had significant activity in the countries of Western Europe, the USA, Australia, and in the last decade in China. An analysis of completed projects shows that citizen science has the greatest impact on research in the field of biology, ecology, and solutions to environmental problems and is mainly used for collecting and classifying data. The accuracy of the data obtained by CS representatives depends on the proper organization of research and requires constant monitoring and cooperation with professional scientists. Citizens’ motivation to participate in research can also influence the results of CS projects. Three general aspects are highlighted as motivation for participation in CS: a) raising the individual scientific and educational level and the desire to increase public awareness; b) filling gaps in government monitoring and identifying local problems; c) harnessing scientific knowledge to inform policymakers and decision-makers and ensuring consistency of actions at different scales. An important area of research in citizen science is monitoring the quality of water in water bodies, as evidenced by more than 800 works published during 2010-2020. In periodicals indexed by the Web of Science. It is relevant to involve representatives of citizen science in solving the tasks facing SDG 6 “Clean water and adequate sanitation”, one of the 17 global goals that were adopted at the UN Summit on Sustainable Development (2015) for the period 2015-2030. The participation of citizen science can be significant in the context of SDG 6.3.2 “Identifying the proportion of water bodies with good water quality”, as these studies relate to the monitoring of water bodies at the community level. The FreshWater Watch program, launched in 2012, is based on the continuous monitoring of freshwater bodies. The program has both a global and a local level. Global level – citizen scientists in different countries participating in the program work according to the same methods and register a common set of parameters that are loaded into the same database. Local level – working with local groups and scientists who have scientific questions about their specific water bodies. Thus, using global approaches, it is possible to answer local questions about water quality and the state of ecosystems. In Ukraine, the situation with citizen science is fundamentally different from that described above. There is no citizen science in the same form as in the countries of Western Europe, North America, Australia, and East Asia in Ukraine. This is connected both with the general economic situation of the country and, accordingly, the constant reduction of scientific institutions, a decrease in the interest of citizens in science and with moral and ethical aspects (from the skepticism of professional Ukrainian scientists regarding the activities of representatives of citizen science to the unwillingness of broad strata of citizens to spend their time on work in CS projects). But on Facebook (FB) there are groups of biological, hydrological, and geological orientations in Ukraine, which have their own sites in FB and carry out certain work. Ukraine’s integration into the structure of the European Union will contribute to the emergence of new opportunities for further development of civil society, including participation in citizen science projects.
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Huang, Fei Fei, Qing Yang, Jie Zhang, Qing Hua Zhang, Kaveh Khoshnood, and Jing Ping Zhang. "Cross-cultural validation of the moral sensitivity questionnaire-revised Chinese version." Nursing Ethics 23, no. 7 (August 3, 2016): 784–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733015583183.

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Background: Ethical issues pose challenges for nurses who are increasingly caring for patients in complicated situations. Ethical sensitivity is a prerequisite for nurses to make decisions in the best interest of their patients in daily practice. Currently, there is no tool for assessing ethical sensitivity in Chinese language, and no empirical studies of ethical sensitivity among Chinese nurses. Research objectives: The study was conducted to translate the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire–Revised Version (MSQ-R) into Chinese and establish the psychometric properties of the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire–Revised Version into Chinese (MSQ-R-CV). Research design: This research was a methodological and descriptive study. Participants and research context: MSQ-R was translated into Chinese using Brislin’s model, and the Translation Validity Index was evaluated. MSQ-R-CV was then distributed along with a demographic questionnaire to 360 nurses working at tertiary and municipal hospitals in Changsha, China. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Boards of Yale University and Central South University. Findings: MSQ-R-CV achieved Cronbach’s alpha 0.82, Spearman-Brown coefficient 0.75, significant item discrimination (p < 0.001), and item-total correlation values ranging from 0.524 to 0.717. A two-factor structure was illustrated by exploratory factor analysis, and further confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. Chinese nurses had a mean total score of 40.22 ± 7.08 on the MSQ-R-CV, and sub-scores of 23.85 ± 4.4 for moral responsibility and strength and 16.37 ± 3.75 for sense of moral burden. Discussion: The findings of this study were compared with studies from other countries to examine the structure and meaningful implications of ethical sensitivity in Chinese nurses. Conclusion: The two-factor MSQ-R-CV (moral responsibility and strength, and sense of moral burden) is a linguistically and culturally appropriate instrument for assessing ethical sensitivity among Chinese nurses.
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Wenwen, Zhang, Wu Xiaoyan, Zhan Yufang, Ci Lifeng, and Sun Congcong. "Moral distress and its influencing factors: A cross-sectional study in China." Nursing Ethics 25, no. 4 (September 23, 2016): 470–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733016658792.

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the current situation of moral distress and to explore its influencing factors among Chinese nurses. Methods: This is an exploratory, descriptive design study. A total of 465 clinical nurses from different departments in three Grade-III, Level-A hospitals in Jinan, Shandong Province, completed the questionnaires, including demographics questionnaire, Chinese version of Moral Distress Scale–Revised, and Job Diagnostic Survey. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the university ethics board and the local health service director. Results: The total score of Moral Distress Scale–Revised was 36.01 ± 24.02 points. The mean frequency and intensity scores of moral distress were 1.13 ± 0.49 and 1.09 ± 0.58, respectively. The level of moral distress among Chinese clinical nurses was low, and the frequency and intensity of moral distress were on low to moderate level. The level of moral distress experienced by clinical nurses is associated with demographics features and job characteristics, including age, education degree, department, task significance, autonomy, and dealing with others. Conclusion: Our conclusion suggests that hospital and organizational administrations should attach much importance to the moral distress experienced by clinical nurses in China. Further studies should focus on interventions about how to reduce the levels of the frequency and intensity of moral distress among clinical nurses.
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Hanafin, John J. "Morality and the Market in China: Some Contemporary Views." Business Ethics Quarterly 12, no. 1 (January 2002): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3857645.

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Abstract:A significant effect of China’s rejection of a planned economy for a free market is the stimulus this has given to discussion of the relationship between morality and the market. Some Chinese believe that the introduction of a market economy has had a negative effect on public morality. Others disagree and maintain that it has had only a positive effect. Besides this particular debate there are two others. In the first of these debates, it is maintained on the one side that conduct in the market is amoral and essentially contractual or transactional in nature: a boundary must be drawn between economic conduct and conduct in other spheres of social life. Against this it is argued that ethical norms apply equally to all aspects of social life including the economy. In the second debate one side holds that the market engenders its own “ethical” norms. In opposition it is argued that the moral categories articulated in moral philosophy are applicable to behaviour in the market.
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O’Connell, Christopher B. "Gender and the experience of moral distress in critical care nurses." Nursing Ethics 22, no. 1 (January 30, 2014): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733013513216.

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Background: Nursing practice is complex, as nurses are challenged by increasingly intricate moral and ethical judgments. Inadequately studied in underrepresented groups in nursing, moral distress is a serious problem internationally for healthcare professionals with deleterious effects to patients, nurses, and organizations. Moral distress among nurses has been shown to contribute to decreased job satisfaction and increased turnover, withdrawal from patients, physical and psychological symptoms, and intent to leave current position or to leave the profession altogether. Research question: Do significant gender differences exist in the moral distress scores of critical care nurses? Research design: This study utilized a quantitative, descriptive methodology to explore moral distress levels in a sample of critical care nurses to determine whether gender differences exist in their mean moral distress scores. Participants and research context: Participants ( n = 31) were critical care nurses from an American Internet nursing community who completed the Moral Distress Scale–Revised online over a 5-day period in July 2013. Ethical considerations: Institutional review board review approved the study, and accessing and completing the survey implied informed consent. Findings: The results revealed a statistically significant gender difference in the mean moral distress scores of participants. Females reported statistically significantly higher moral distress scores than did males. Overall, the moral distress scores for both groups were relatively low. Discussion: The findings of a gender difference have not previously been reported in the literature. However, other findings are consistent with previous studies on moral distress. Conclusion: Although the results of this study are not generalizable, they do suggest the need for continuing research on moral distress in underrepresented groups in nursing, including cultural and ethnic groups.
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Pang, Mei-che Samantha. "Information Disclosure: the moral experience of nurses in China." Nursing Ethics 5, no. 4 (July 1998): 347–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309800500407.

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While the movement to ensure patient’s rights to information and informed consent spreads throughout the world, patient rights of this kind have yet to be introduced in mainland China. Nonetheless, China is no different from other parts of the world in that nurses are expected to shoulder the responsibility of safeguarding patients’ best interests and at the same time to uphold their right to information. This paper expounds on the principle of protectiveness grounded in traditional Chinese medical ethics concerning the practice of informed consent. Nurses in China have a moral obligation to treat patients with sincerity. This notion carries a strong sense of parental protectiveness. As far as information-giving is concerned, nurses in China are ambivalent about the notion of truthfulness. The findings of an empirical study undertaken in seven Chinese cities reveal that nurses in China experience similar difficulties related to the disclosure of information as their counterparts in other parts of the world. A nurse’s narrative, the Chan case, is used to illustrate the typical difficult situation that nurses in China often encounter in looking after vulnerable patients who would like to learn more about their therapeutic regimens. The moral tension embedded in nursing practice is analysed. It is found that most nurses would prefer to tell the truth to patients, but their primary ethical justification is not that of respect for patients’ autonomy or safeguarding patients’ right to self-determination. Rather, it is basically beneficent in nature; that is, they base their decision to reveal the truth on whether or not patients will receive more relevant treatment and better nursing care.
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Suttmeier, Richard P. "Chinese Scientists and Responsibility: Ethical Issues of Human Genetics in Chinese International Contexts. Edited by OLE DÖRING. [Hamburg: Institut für Asienkunde, Mitteilungen des Instituts für Asienkunde, 1999. 257 pp. DM 38.00. ISBN 3-88910-227-1.]." China Quarterly 181 (March 2005): 183–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741005280104.

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It has been more than 80 years since Chinese intellectuals, struggling with the complexities of “science and philosophy of life,” debated the challenges of finding the moral wisdom needed to apply new scientific knowledge in ethically responsible ways. Could a moral compass be found? Would it be discovered in Chinese culture, or would it come from the West?Advances in science and technology during the course of the 20th century have often outpaced progress in understanding “science and philosophy of life.” Nevertheless, the importance of the ethical dimensions of science and technology has increased in all countries, and there is little doubt that the new technologies of the early 21st century are already bestowing on us new moral conundrums. As advanced technologies and scientific research capabilities diffuse around the world, the ethical traditions which inform moral choice seemingly become more heterogeneous, and the need for reasoned, cross-cultural moral discourse increases. The Institut für Asienkunde in Hamburg is therefore to be congratulated for convening the “First International and Interdisciplinary Symposium on Aspects of Medical Ethics in China,” from which the 15 papers in this volume come.There is no easy way to summarize the diversity of views presented in this provocative conference report. The authors include practising scientists from China and students of bioethics from China, Malaysia, Germany and the United States. But, the theme of eugenics – especially the ways in which advances in human genetics affect our moral stance towards eugenics – link a number of the papers. The atrocities of Nazi Germany strongly condition the views of the Western authors. Reacting, perhaps, to China's 1994 Law on Maternal and Infant Health Care, the latter seem to be urging Chinese researchers, medical practitioners, ethicists and policymakers to take the German experience to heart – even as China embraces the promises of the new genetic technologies. Thus, historian Sheila Faith Weiss' “Prelude to the maelstrom,” an informative account of the origins of Nazi eugenics in the 19th and early 20th-century culture of German medicine, is not so subtly subtitled, “A cautionary tale for contemporary China?” The Chinese authors acknowledge this “cautionary tale,” but also speak to the ethical challenges of new genetic technologies from a tradition with its own understandings of how practical knowledge and moral purpose are related, and how individual and collective well-being are reconciled.
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Zhang, Na, Jingjing Li, Zhen Xu, and Zhenxing Gong. "A latent profile analysis of nurses’ moral sensitivity." Nursing Ethics 27, no. 3 (October 20, 2019): 855–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733019876298.

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Background: The three-dimensional model of nurses’ moral sensitivity has typically been studied using a variable-centered rather than a person-centered approach, preventing a more complete understanding of how these forms of moral sensitivity are expressed as a whole. Latent profile analysis is a person-centered approach that classifies individuals from a heterogeneous population into homogeneous subgroups, helping identify how different subpopulations of nurses use distinct combinations of different moral sensitivities to affect their service behaviors. Objective: Latent profile analysis was used to identify three distinct profiles of nurses’ moral sensitivity. Associations of the profiles with service behaviors were then examined. Methods: Five hundred twenty-five nurses from three tertiary hospitals in China were investigated with Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire and Nurses’ Service Behavior Scale. Latent profile analysis was used to analyze the data. Ethical considerations: Approval was obtained from the Ethics committee for biomedical research of Medical College, the Hebei University of Engineering. Results: A three-profile moral sensitivity model provided the best fit to the data. The resulting profiles were low moral sensitivity, moderate moral sensitivity, and high moral sensitivity. There were significant differences in service behaviors among different profiles of moral sensitivity. Conclusion: The results provide a new and expanded view of nurses’ moral sensitivity, which may be used to monitor nurses’ service behaviors comprehensively and to evaluate nursing ethics management strategies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Internet Moral and ethical aspects China"

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Fu, Lin. "On efficacy of ethical investment : a comparative study between UK and Chinese company practices." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683316.

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Ho, Hon-kuen, and 何漢權. "Zeng Guofan's (1811-1872) views on family education." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38603470.

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Mak, Suk-kwan Lorensa, and 麥淑筠. "An exploratory study of the influence of Chinese values on the caregiving of Frail elderly." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31249899.

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Lee, Shuk-ling Mabel, and 李淑玲. "Information technology & youth: ethical landscape in focus." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30424392.

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Ng, Sau-man Catalina, and 吳秀敏. "Ethical decision-making in individual counseling among student guidance teachers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31961897.

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Chau, Long Fung Lewis. "Corporate entrepreneurship and ethical decision-making behavior of marketing managers." HKBU Institutional Repository, 1997. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/134.

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Cheung, Ling-ling Mayella, and 張玲玲. "Media education in Hong Kong: the underlying forces." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31972408.

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Lee, Sze-hung, and 李思紅. "Secondary school students' understanding of ethical guidelines in accounting." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30227409.

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Cheuk, Wing-chuen, and 卓永椿. "Campaigning for communications decency in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31972391.

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George, R. Jefferson. "Moral Disengagement: an Exploratory Study of Predictive Factors for Digital Aggression and Cyberbullying." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500017/.

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A cross-sectional quantitative causal research design was employed to explore the relationship between adolescent digital aggression, cyberbully behavior and moral disengagement. A survey was created and electronically administered to 1077 high school students in Grades 9-12 in a selected school district in Texas. High school students were chosen because research has shown a decrease in traditional bullying and an increase of digital aggression and cyberbullying at this developmental level. A principal component analysis (PCA) of the survey was conducted to determine latent constructs. The results of the PCA revealed 6 latent variables, which included moral disengagement, school climate and culture, social relationships, spirituality, family systems, and mood (anger). Moral disengagement was the dependent variable in the current study, while the remaining latent constructs were treated as independent variables. In addition to the latent constructs, student demographics and self-identification as a cyberbully or cybervictim were included as independent variables in the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple regression models. An ANOVA of the survey items where the participants self-identified as a cyberobserver, a cybervictim or a cyberbully was initially conducted. Participants who identified as a cyberobserver explained less than 1.0% of the variance in moral disengagement. Additionally, participants who identified as a cybervictim also explained less than 1.0% of the variance in moral disengagement. However, participants identified as a cyberbully accounted for 7.28% of the variance in moral disengagement. Results of the multiple regression analyses indicated that gender, age, school climate and culture, social relationships, academic success, ethnicity, family systems, spirituality, and mood (anger) significantly impacted a student’s willingness to morally disengage and participate in digital aggression. Among these variables, the variance explained in moral disengagement ranged from 0.8% (Social Relationships) to 16.8% (Mood-Anger). The variables of socio-economic status and grade in school were not statistically significant predictors of moral disengagement. The results of this study are relevant for school administrators, counselors and teachers as digital aggression and cyberbully behaviors appear to be growing as ‘smart phone’ and other ‘always on’ technology trend to younger populations nationwide. The results of this study further underscore the importance of creating a school climate and culture that promotes a safe and secure learning environment for all students. This may be accomplished by incorporating adolescent aggression and bully prevention programs in school curriculums to address both traditional and digital aggressive behaviors. Recommendations are presented and future research is discussed.
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Books on the topic "Internet Moral and ethical aspects China"

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Sandred, Jan. Etik och internet: En kompass i cyberrymden. Varberg: Argument Förlag, 1999.

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Catholic Church. Pontificium Consilium de Communicationibus Socialibus. The church and internet. Città del Vaticano: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2002.

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T, De George Richard. Ethics, business and the internet. Bloomington, IN: The Poynter Center, Indiana University, 2002.

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Schwenk, Johanna. Cyberethik: Ethische Problemstellungen des Internets und Regulierungsansätze aus Sicht der Online-Nutzer. München: R. Fischer, 2002.

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Patra, Philippe. Ethik und Internet: Medienethische Aspekte multimedialer Teilhabe. Münster: Lit, 2001.

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Alix, François-Xavier. Une éthique pour l'information: De Gutenberg à Internet. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1997.

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Ethics in Internet and the church and Internet. Boston: Pauline Books & Media, 2002.

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Evans, Alan. Ethics in cyberspace. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2009.

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Go!. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall, 2010.

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Evans, Alan. Go!. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Internet Moral and ethical aspects China"

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Spinello, Richard A. "Internet Companies and the Great Firewall of China." In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology, 113–27. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6122-6.ch008.

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This chapter, focusing primarily on the search engine company Google, considers the problems Internet companies have confronted in adapting to the strict censorship regime in China, which is executed with the help of its “great firewall.” Google initially decided to comply with that regime but later changed its mind to the detriment of its whole China strategy. Companies like Yahoo and Microsoft have encountered similar problems in China, while social media firms like Twitter have avoided the Chinese market because of these issues. The moral analysis concludes that a socially responsible company must not cooperate with the implementation of the censorship regimes of these authoritarian sovereignties. This conclusion is based on natural law reasoning and on the moral salience that must be given to the ideal of universal human rights, including the natural right of free expression.
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