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1
Cano, Sandra, Victor Peñeñory, César A. Collazos, and Sergio Albiol-Pérez. "Designing Internet of Tangible Things for Children with Hearing Impairment." Information 11, no. 2 (January 28, 2020): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11020070.
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Tangible User Interfaces (TUIs) are a new, non-traditional way to interact with digital information using a physical environment. Therefore, TUIs connect a physical set of objects that can be explored and manipulated. TUI can be interconnected over the Internet, using Internet of Things (IoT) technology to monitor a child’s activities in real-time. Internet of Tangible Things (IoTT) is defined as a tangible interaction applied to IoT. This article describes four case studies that apply IoTT to children with cochlear implants and children whose communication is sign language. For each case study, a discussion is presented, discussing how IoTT can help the child development in skills such as: social, emotional, psychomotor, cognitive, and visual. It was found that IoTT works best when it includes the social component in children with hearing impairment, because it helps them to communicate with each other and build social-emotional skills.
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Edwards, Susan. "Cyber-safety and COVID-19 in the early years: A research agenda." Journal of Early Childhood Research 19, no. 3 (June 14, 2021): 396–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476718x211014908.
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Young children aged birth to 5 years are known users of the internet, both unsupervised and in collaboration with adults. Adults also use the internet to share details of children’s lives with others, via sharenting and educational apps. During COVID-19 internet use by children and families rose significantly during periods of enforced stay-home. Internet use by children, and by adults on behalf exposes children to conduct, contact and content risks online. These risks mean that cyber-safety in the early years is increasingly necessary, especially concerning increased internet usage during COVID-19. While cyber-safety is well developed for primary and secondary-school aged children this is not the case for young children, their families and educators. This paper proposes a research agenda for cyber-safety in the early years, using critical constructivism and internet studies to define the internet as a non-unitary technology. Three main objects of study concerning cyber-safety in the early years, including the reference to COVID-19 are identified for targeted research, including: technologies, context and policy.
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AL-Saleem, Naifa Eid. "Ways of Protecting Omani Children from the Internet: A Case Study of the Sultan School in Muscat, Oman." Journal of Arts and Social Sciences [JASS] 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jass.vol3iss1pp45-62.
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The Internet is an evolving medium that continuously presents new functionalities. Children’s Internet usage is also continuously changing. This requires vigilance with regard to Internet risk behavior and safe Internet use. The present article presents a structured overview of Internet risks and summarizes approaches to foster safe Internet behavior. Based on a cross-sectional study, internet usage of year six of the young children at Sultan School in Oman has been researched. The focus is to identify the risks that the children in year six at Sultan School face. Examples of this risk include content and contact risks. The study aims to explore the role that parents play in guiding their children when they use the Internet. Based on the analysis of survey data from 88 children, trends in their (un)safe Internet usage are studied in the year 2011. The results of this study show that 32.2% of the participants in this study use the Internet three hours, and 42.2% of them use chat rooms. With regard to parents’ role, the study found that 66.7% of the parents did not play a role in controlling or guiding their children when they use the Internet. Finally the study found that 66.7% of the informants are exposed to risk through the use of the Internet.
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Nurhafizah, Nurhafizah, and Wilma Rahmah Hidayati. "An Overview on Case Internet Addiction in Early Childhood’s Perspective." Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini 6, no. 5 (August 4, 2022): 5289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i5.2990.
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This article was written based on research that aims to describe the level of internet addiction in early childhood in TK Nagari Lima Kaum with quantitative descriptive research methods. The novelty in this study is to find out data on the level of internet addiction in early childhood’s perspective in Nagari Lima, where the topic of this research has not been studied by other researchers. The results showed that the level of internet use in AUD in Nagari Lima Kaum was 23 respondents in the high category, 7 respondents in the medium category, 3 respondents in low category, and 2 of the respondents in the very low category. This can be a record of parents and the surrounding environment in providing supervision to children when using the internet and gadgets to avoid internet addiction. Limiting internet usage time for children and providing time to play together can be one solution that can be given by parents. The conclusion of this study is that the level of internet addiction in Nagari Lima Kaum is in the high category.
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Cenker, Ö. Ç., A. C. Ercan, D. Sarikaya Varlik, and T. Uyar. "Attention deficiency hyperactivity disorder and Internet addiction comorbidity: A case report." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.529.
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IntroductionInternet addiction is a serious problem especially for children and adolescents. It is described by an individual's inability to control the Internet, which causes distress and functional impairment. Internet addiction symptoms can be Internet surfing, computer gaming, chatting and gambling by using Internet. Previous studies regarding Internet addiction can interfere with some psychiatric disorders; such as bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety or attention deficiency disorder (ADHD). Some researchers emphasized that psychiatric disorders and Internet addiction can be seen together and excessive use of the Internet has been associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Case19 years old male patient discussed in this paper who was admitted to our psychiatric service for the first time in his life, complaining about uncontrollable use of internet. He spent time more than 10 hours/day. His family finally opposed and took his computer from him, just before he got depressive symptoms. We diagnosed him ADHD by using psychometric tests and psychiatric evaluations. After medical therapy and psychotherapy, we discussed changes his psychiatric situations and symptoms.DiscussionThis case emphasized possible relationship between Internet addiction and symptoms of ADHD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Park, Eunhee, Heejung Kim, and Andreanna Steinhoff. "Health-Related Internet Use by Informal Caregivers of Children and Adolescents: An Integrative Literature Review." Journal of Medical Internet Research 18, no. 3 (March 3, 2016): e57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/jmir.4124.
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Background Internet-based health resources can support informal caregivers who are caring for children or adolescents with health care needs. However, few studies discriminate informal caregivers’ needs from those of their care recipients or those of people caring for adults. Objective This study reviews the literature of health-related Internet use among informal caregivers of children and adolescents. Methods A total of 17 studies were selected from literature searches conducted in 6 electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC, and EMBASE. All databases searches were limited to articles published in the years 2004 to 2014 in peer-reviewed publications. Search terms consisted of “health-related Internet use,” “eHealth,” “Internet use for health-related purpose(s),” “Web-based resource(s),” and “online resources,” combined with informal caregiver (or “parents”) of “child,” “adolescent,” “student,” “youth,” and “teen.” The age range of the children receiving care was limited to younger than 22 years. Their informal caregivers were defined as persons (parents) who provided unpaid care or assistance to a child or an adolescent with health problems. Results Among 17 empirical studies, the majority of informal caregivers of children with medical issues were the parents. Quantitative studies (14/17, 77%) reported prevalence and predictors of health-related Internet use, while mixed-methods and qualitative studies (3/17, 24%) investigated informal caregiver perceptions of helpful health-related Internet use and barriers of use. The prevalence of health-related Internet use varied (11%-90%) dependent upon how health-related Internet use was operationalized and measured. Disease-specific information was used for decision making about treatment, while social support via virtual communities and email were used for informal caregiver emotional needs. A digital divide of Internet access was identified in lower educated minorities. Most studies had methodological challenges resulting from convenience sampling, cross-sectional surveys, lack of theoretical frameworks, or no clear definitions of health-related Internet use. Conclusions This study provides an important understanding of how family members use Internet-based information and support systems during child caregiving. Healthcare providers and policy makers should integrate family needs into their current practices and policies. Further rigorous research is required to design efficient and effective nursing interventions.
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Cohen Zilka, Gila. "Awareness of eSafety and Potential Online Dangers among Children and Teenagers." Journal of Information Technology Education: Research 16 (2017): 319–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3864.
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Aim/Purpose: Awareness of eSafety and potential online dangers for children and teenagers. Background The study examined eSafety among children and teenagers from their own perspectives, through evaluations of their awareness level of eSafety and of potential online dangers. Methodology: This is a mixed-method study with both quantitative and qualitative elements. The study includes questionnaires and interviews. A total of 345 participants from Israel completed questionnaires; 90 children and teenagers were interviewed from among the participants. Contribution: The study examined the awareness of children and youths of safe online surfing. It also examined the degree of exposure of children and youths to positive and negative aspects of the Internet. This study illustrates the dual potential of Internet use within the context of eSafety, as seen through the eyes of children and teenagers. Characteristics of use of the Internet are liable to increase the danger to and the bullying of youths and by youths in the digital domain. It also demonstrates the promises of using the Internet for productive learning and leisure activities. Findings: Findings show that the children and teenagers who participated in the study reported a medium-high level of awareness. Issues that participants were concerned about included avoiding contact with strangers and cyberbullying, not necessarily by strangers, but also by friends. Recommendations for Practitioners : It is important to examine how children perceive online events for the purpose of examining their statements regarding eSafety and the way they view problematic or dangerous online events, as well as how they believe they can cope with them. Recommendation for Researchers: The study recommends incorporating in future studies individual case studies and allowing participants to express how they perceive complex online situations. Impact on Society: This study illustrates the dual potential, positive and negative aspects, of Internet use within the context of eSafety, as seen through the eyes of children and teenagers. Future Research: Future studies should track changing eSafety awareness and behavior longitudinally to identify the impact of maturation and experience on their behavior and attitudes.
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Livingstone, Sonia, Giovanna Mascheroni, and Elisabeth Staksrud. "European research on children’s internet use: Assessing the past and anticipating the future." New Media & Society 20, no. 3 (January 10, 2017): 1103–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444816685930.
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In this article, we reflect critically on the research agenda on children’s Internet use, framing our analysis using Wellman’s three ages of Internet studies and taking as our case study the three phases of research by the EU Kids Online network from 2006 to 2014. Following the heyday of moral panics, risk discourses and censorious policy-making that led to the European Commission’s first Internet Action Plan 1999–2002, EU Kids Online focused on conceptual clarification, evidence review and debunking of myths, thereby illustrating the value of systematic documentation and mapping, and grounding academic, public and policy-makers’ understanding of ‘the Internet’ in children’s lives. Consonant with Wellman’s third age, which emphasizes analysis and contextualization, the EU Kids Online model of children’s online risks and opportunities helps shift the agenda from how children engage with the Internet as a medium to how they engage with the world mediated by the Internet.
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Landstrøm, Eva Koblauch, Sofie Høj Jeppesen, and Jakob Demant. "Paedophilia discourses in Denmark: Towards a mixed method digital discourse approach." Sexualities 22, no. 3 (November 20, 2017): 381–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460717741791.
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This study contributes novel digital mixed methods and findings on how fear of paedophilia affects parents and children’s bodily relations. We explore how norms for appropriate behaviour between parents and children are constructed in the public debate on a specific case, where a mother has playful contact with her son’s genitals. The case triggered a public debate with both negative and positive reactions. A Laclau and Mouffe-inspired analytical framework and internet-specific tools for data collection as well as processing contribute to the development of a new form of discourse analysis. This new discourse analysis is based on a combination of the digital tools word cloud and topic models, and a qualitative in-depth reading. By exploring discursive constructions and articulations of right and wrong, the study supports earlier findings that the online public unanimously agrees with the dictum of child innocence. However, we find openness within the discourses on how to define respectively healthy and damaging parental behaviour towards children.
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Lam, Ching, Madison Milne-Ives, Michelle Helena Van Velthoven, and Edward Meinert. "Internet of Things–Enabled Technologies for Weight Management in Children and Adolescents: Protocol for a Systematic Review." JMIR Research Protocols 9, no. 3 (March 31, 2020): e16930. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/16930.
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Background Childhood obesity is a serious global issue, leading to increased medical spending on obesity-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. There is a need for health care services that link health behavior to risk factors, such as diet and physical activity, and that provide better advice and feedback to users, which Internet of Things–enabled technologies could facilitate. Objective The objective of the systematic review will be to identify available Internet of Things–enabled technologies for weight management of children and adolescents (users younger than 18 years). It will also aim to understand the use, effectiveness, and feasibility of these technologies. Methods We will search the Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest Central, and IEEE Xplore Digital Library databases for studies published after 2010, using a combination of keywords and subject headings related to health activity tracking, youth, and Internet of Things. In addition, a Google search to identify grey literature will be conducted. Two authors will independently screen the titles and abstracts identified from the search and accept or reject the studies according to the study inclusion criteria. Any discrepancies will then be discussed and resolved. The quality of the included studies will be assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklists. Data from included studies will be extracted into a predesigned form to identify the types of devices or apps, Internet of Things applications, and health outcomes related to weight management. Results A preliminary search on Medline returned 484 results. The publication of the final systematic review is expected in mid-2020. Conclusions The effectiveness and feasibility of physical activity trackers and consumer wearables for different patient groups have been well reviewed, but there are currently no published reviews that look into these technologies in the wider Internet of Things context. This review aims to address this gap by examining Internet of Things–enabled technologies that are designed for youth weight management and thus inform further research and clinical studies to reduce childhood obesity. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/16930
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Grindle, Corinna, Olivia Kurzeja, Emily Tyler, Maria Saville, J. Carl Hughes, Richard P. Hastings, and Freddy Jackson Brown. "Teaching Children with Autism Reading Comprehension Skills using Online Reading Instruction: Preliminary Evaluation of Headsprout Reading Comprehension®." Journal of International Special Needs Education 23, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.9782/jisne-d-17-00008.
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Abstract Children with autism often exhibit difficulties with reading comprehension. Recent studies have demonstrated positive outcomes for typical learners from the internet-based reading comprehension program, Headsprout Reading Comprehension®. In the present study, a preliminary evaluation of HRC was conducted with six children with autism. The primary aim was to investigate whether it would be feasible to use HRC with children with autism and whether any adaptations to the standard teaching procedure and extra support would be needed. A secondary aim was to investigate the potential of HRC to improve reading comprehension skills. The study used a multiple case series design with six children. Results are discussed with reference to increased reading comprehension ability in the six children and the practical strategies required to support children with autism so that they may benefit from the program.
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Anichkina, Anastasia. "Formation of social and information competence of adolescents by means of case technology." SHS Web of Conferences 98 (2021): 05004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219805004.
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Preconditions of the presented research are the modern concepts of digital competences. Success of a modern person mainly depends on how well he is familiar with the skills of digital technologies. Significant influence of digital technologies on everyday life is obvious in education sphere. Continuous life-long-learning, interactive studies and textbooks, access to investigations and learning materials are the peculiar features of 21st century students. In this regard, the analysis of social and information competence is an important demand of modern society. Despite the fact that nearly each family at present has a computer, the use of Internet by children raises fears of parents and teachers. This can be explained as follows: Internet can be used for games and not for learning; in addition, an adolescent may be a victim of cyberbullying. This work is aimed at verification of the hypothesis that formation of social and information competence of adolescents is a predictor of socially efficient behavior in virtual environment. The obtained results demonstrated positive variation of the considered indicators. Despite the fact that more precise conclusion should be based on more expanded samplings, in general, the hypothesis of opportunities of this trend has been partially verified.
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Odella, Francesca. "Privacy Awareness and the Networking Generation." International Journal of Technoethics 9, no. 1 (January 2018): 51–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijt.2018010105.
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The article discusses the social and privacy implications of children's access to the internet and to information technologies of communication (ITCS) services. The growing rate of children online represents an epochal change for issues related to their personal safety and protection, as well as for their privacy rights and chances of improved life. In order to better understand the long term privacy implications of these phenomena the discussion reviews sociological studies that have investigated the structure of friendships networks among adolescents, and describes theoretical frames adopted in analysing social practices concerning the private sphere. Results of these studies provide clues on how interpersonal online relations are structured and how attitudes and practices circulate across and inside different social settings. Finally, implications for privacy issues related to the upcoming Internet of Things (IoT) are debated using the case of ethical design in engineering as an alternative option to the control option exercised by governments and companies.
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Szeligiewicz-Urban, Danuta. "AWARENESS OF DIGITAL THREATS AMONG CHILDREN AND YOUTH, IN THE OPINION OF THEIR PARENTS – STUDY RESULTS." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas w Sosnowcu. Pedagogika 23 (December 1, 2021): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6501.
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The paper deals with the issue of awareness of digital threats among children and teenagers. The empirical study analyzes the opinions of parents of preschool and school children using an online questionnaire. The results show that in the opinion of parents, the awareness of various risks in children remains average, and it fluctuates between 30-40% in relation to most of the analyzed issues. A number of favorable and unfavorable changes in the behavior of the respondents’ children as a result of using the Internet and video games are also shown. The analysis of the correlation coefficients shows that the parents’ gender is only significant in the case of two issues (parental support and ridiculing content), and that there is no dependence on education in the studied group. The greatest number of correlations in various studied issues was observed for the age of the child. In addition, the results shed new light on the subject matter, showing the evolution of parents’ attitudes towards more conscious parental control over the use of the Internet and video games.
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Liu, Xiaoyan. "Construction of Rural Left-Behind Children’s Mental Health Mobile Information System Based on the Internet of Things." Mobile Information Systems 2021 (October 25, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5490243.
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Left-behind children, as a special phenomenon group stationed in rural areas, lack parents’ education and care for a long time and shoulder the burden of life early. Moreover, in rural areas with relatively closed information, their communication with their parents only relies on short-term telephone contact. If things go on like this, it may lead to mental health problems in children. In recent years, the group of left-behind children began to get the attention of the society. The social people want to help the left-behind children mainly through the information provided by the school, which cannot actually understand the real situation of the left-behind children, and the help to the left-behind children is only a drop in the bucket. Therefore, it is necessary to use the internet as a convenient and fast platform to build a mobile information system for the mental health of rural left-behind children, input the mental health of left-behind children, and pay attention to and track the left-behind children. This paper mainly studies the construction of the rural left-behind children’s mental health mobile information system based on the Internet of Things. This paper expounds the related concepts of the Internet of Things, which has a good connection effect on the construction of the left-behind children’s mental health mobile information system. Then, it analyzes the functional requirements of the rural left-behind children’s mental health mobile information system, in terms of design, the C/S model is used, the database in the data server is designed to analyze the mental health information management needs of left-behind children, and the data model is established by defining the key domains in the system. This paper also collects and sorts out the left-behind children’s mental health data through data mining technology, studies the factors affecting the left-behind children’s mental health, and clarifies the necessity of constructing the rural left-behind children’s mental health mobile information system and focuses on the observation objects. The results show that the evaluation factors of left-behind children’s mental health are significantly higher than those of non-left-behind children, and their mental health needs attention because left-behind children lack the care of their parents for a long time. The mental health status of left-behind children aged 7–12 is the most worrying, which is significantly different from other age groups in obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, hostility, paranoia, and mental illness. It may be because left-behind children aged 7–12 are in the development stage, they are not as ignorant as left-behind children aged 1–6, and they are not as mature as left-behind children aged 13–17.
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Kim, Claire Ji Hee, and Amado M. Padilla. "Technology for Educational Purposes Among Low-Income Latino Children Living in a Mobile Park in Silicon Valley: A Case Study Before and During COVID-19." Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 42, no. 4 (September 18, 2020): 497–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739986320959764.
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Our case study explored the role of technology in education among low-income Latino residents living in a mobile park in Silicon Valley. Through surveys and in-person interviews with parents and children, we report qualitative data on home Internet access and availability of technological devices utilized for school-related purposes. The results of this study indicated that despite having a baseline level of access to technology as well as an understanding of its importance in the context of a child’s education, our study population currently faces significant barriers to having adequate access to technology at home due to socioeconomic barriers. The digital divide in educational technology was magnified when schools were abruptly closed in favor of online instruction for all children due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings strongly support the recommendation that more attention and systematic improvement are required in order to eliminate disparities and improve student learning and parental involvement with schooling for marginalized communities.
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Garrington, Catherine, Sally Kelty, Debra Rickwood, and Douglas Pieter Boer. "Case study reflections of an internet child abuse material offender informing the development of a proposed assessment instrument." Journal of Criminal Psychology 13, no. 1 (January 17, 2023): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcp-03-2022-0007.
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Purpose Internet child abuse material (I/CAM) offences negatively affect children in our own communities and in the wider virtual world. This study aims to understand the differentiation between online (internet) and offline (contact) offenders. The development of the Estimated Risk for Internet Child Sexual Offending (ERICSO), a proposed instrument for I/CAM offenders, incorporated a case study component to test on a known offender before the tool is applied to a wider sample. Design/methodology/approach The case study approach provides a unique opportunity for researchers to consider reflections from an I/CAM offender. These insights provide unique perspectives on areas for further exploration, including suggestions for consideration in the assessment and treatment of I/CAM offenders. Findings Mr A is a male convicted of possessing I/CAM with previous convictions for contact child sexual offending. During the development of the ERICSO, Mr A provided commentary on proposed questions based on his experiences as an offender and his communications with other offenders. Mr A’s feedback was generally consistent with current research findings, with notable suggestions in recognising the importance of differentiating between fantasy/reality, violence/voyeurism and the role technology plays in I/CAM offences. These reflections will be considered in conjunction with ongoing development and validity studies of the ERICSO to contribute to the targeted assessment and risk-relevant treatment for I/CAM offenders. Originality/value The use of a case study in the development of a proposed assessment instrument provides a unique perspective to improve ecological validity.
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Alfred J. Lawrence, Umama Fatima, Ancey Abraham, Faiza Ali, Saima Arif, and Tahmeena Khan. "Diversified Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Overall Health and Well-Being of Children: A Survey Based Case Study." International Healthcare Research Journal 5, no. 6 (September 29, 2021): OR1—OR10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26440/ihrj/0506.09454.
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BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemic led to the closure of non-essential services including educational institutions and recreational facilities all around the world. The pandemic has affected children at different levels including their mental well- being. AIM: The objective of this study was to assess the overall impact of the pandemic on the well-being of children in terms of their demographic details, physical activity pattern, sanitary practices, mental health and nutritional practices. 300 children aged between 4-18 years were surveyed through an online survey developed as a Google form. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Parents or guardians were asked to fill the questionnaire. The questionnaire was approved by Medical doctors for the sake of accuracy and authenticity. RESULTS: The annual household income of majority of the respondents was between 1-5 lakhs, and they belonged to urban and nuclear households. Although modern amenities were available for the children at home, yet majority of them did not have a separate room and a personal smart phone. 89.4% (n=268) children used internet for 1-5 hours every day. 82.4% (=247) of them were also enrolled in other online courses as well. Lesser time was devoted on physical activity during the pandemic. Negative psychological symptoms like lack in concentration and anxiety, etc. were reported. CONCLUSION: The paper addresses the changes impacting children’s lives at different levels related to their health and well-being. The results must be corroborated with studies reported in literature and may be used for formulating strategies to make children adapt the situation without any negative impact on their personality.
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Kerneža, Maja, and Metka Kordigel Aberšek. "ONLINE READING IN DIGITAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 80, no. 6 (December 25, 2022): 836–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/22.80.836.
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Learning environments and teaching methods have been constantly changing over the past decades. As the shift in the learning environment is primarily toward a physical to an online learning environment, this study examines how to enable younger students to select appropriate content for learning in digital learning environments that they can then successfully read and evaluate using appropriate strategies. The study is based on 54 in-depth case studies. Using the Internet reciprocal teaching method (IRT), 54 implementers trained 54 primary school students from first to fifth grade in basic computer skills, Internet information searching, and website navigation, as well as analysing data obtained using the TICA Phase 1, 2, and 3 Checklists, the implementers' report, and the children notes in a text editor. Triangulation of the data in combination with selected statistical methods shows that there are differences in the use of the method between students according to age. While the latter can use an unadopted form of the method, younger students need some adjustments, which are suggested in the light of previous research. Keywords: digital literacy, e-reading, primary school, internet reciprocal teaching, online learning
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Arianto, Arianto, and Tuti Bahfiarti. "Pemahaman Dampak Game Online pada Anak-Anak Nelayan di Kota Makassar." Communicatus: Jurnal Ilmu komunikasi 4, no. 2 (December 12, 2020): 165–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/cjik.v4i2.7999.
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Understanding the impact of fishermen children's online games is a phenomenon because it has the potential to cause internet addiction, decreased learning achievement, and even the destruction of interpersonal relationships. The purpose of this study is to categorize the understanding of fishermen children in the use of online games in Makassar City. This type of research uses a qualitative approach referring to case studies that specifically reveal children's understanding of the impact of online games, especially fishing communities. Data was collected through non-participant observation, and in-depth interviews with children aged 7-12 years chosen by purposive sampling. The results found that fishermen children's understanding of the impact of online games is high. First, the category of high comprehension is characterized by duration and low frequency or children do not play online games, high interactivity playing with peers. Second, the category of understanding being children tends to divide the time playing online games and learning with minimal duration and frequency of time. Third, the category of understanding is low in characteristics, children are very intensive to have the duration and frequency of playing online games very high, the level of interactivity with peers is low.
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Aznar-Díaz, Inmaculada, and Francisco Fernández-Martín. "Sexual stereotypes acquisition through mass media." Comunicar 12, no. 23 (October 1, 2004): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c23-2004-20.
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It is necessary to establish a specific education from school and with the family collaboration about massive information which is sent by mass media, particulary television and Internet, which are preferred by children and young people. The information broadcast by mass media influences future personality and, in the case of sexual stereotypes it will take part in future interpersonal relations. Therefore, we need to analyse and lead information in a critical sense in order to get a real vision of it. It should also be pointed out the big importance of advertising spread by mass media because it is the most influent phenomena regarding on these specific stereotypes. Es necesario establecer una educación específica, desde la escuela y en colaboración con la familia, sobre la masiva información que se trasmite en los medios de comunicación más utilizados hoy en día tanto por niños como por jóvenes (televisión e Internet). La información trasmitida en los medios influye en la configuración de la personalidad futura y en el caso de los estereotipos sexuales intervendrá en las futuras relaciones interpersonales, es por ello la necesidad de canalizar la información y analizarla críticamente para obtener una visión real de la misma. Especial mención merece la publicidad que se propaga en estos medios ya que es el elemento más favorecedor de dichos estereotipos y donde tenemos que hacer mayor hincapié.
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Spence, Susan H., Caroline L. Donovan, Sonja March, Amanda Gamble, Renee Anderson, Samantha Prosser, Amy Kercher, and Justin Kenardy. "Online CBT in the Treatment of Child and Adolescent Anxiety Disorders: Issues in the Development of BRAVE–ONLINE and Two Case Illustrations." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 36, no. 4 (July 2008): 411–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135246580800444x.
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AbstractThis paper describes the rationale for and development of an online cognitive-behavioural treatment for child and adolescent anxiety (BRAVE–ONLINE). It highlights the challenges involved in adapting a clinic-based intervention for delivery using the internet, with separate sessions for parents and their children (or adolescents). We outline strategies to ensure that young people remain engaged in online therapy, and describe techniques designed to optimize the alliance between clients and the online therapist. Two case studies are presented that illustrate the practical and technical aspects of implementing the intervention, and demonstrate the feasibility of achieving successful outcomes using online delivery of CBT for child and adolescent anxiety. However, firm conclusions regarding the efficacy of this approach cannot be drawn until the results of randomized controlled trials are available. The paper identifies directions for future research.
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Santos, Vanessa Fernandes Amadei, Felipe Silva Neves, Mirella Lima Binoti, and Larissa Loures Mendes. "Nutritional quality of snacks for preschoolers recommended on the internet." Journal of Human Growth and Development 27, no. 1 (April 13, 2017): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.127654.
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Introduction: Concerns about proper nutrition in childhood have been highlighted by the media. This is accompanied by an ongoing increase in the number of Internet pages, including those on social networks, channeled toward providing health information. Objective: To analyze the nutritional quality of snack recipes presented on web pages, aimed at preschoolers and described as healthy. Methods: a cross-sectional study carried out in 2015. A search was made for Brazilian web pages aimed at the lay public, and that contained snacks for children between 2 and 6 years of age. The first 20 URLs located by the search engine were selected and 10% of the recipes were set apart. The snacks were checked for compliance with steps 6, 7, and 8 of the Food Guide. Subsequently, nutritional labels were made for the preparations that met the three pre-established steps. Results: 85% of the pages were sites, 5% were blogs, and the rest were identified as sites/blogs. It was found that all were readable/comprehensible and 40% provided author identification. Of the 35 preparations initially observed, 31.4% met all three steps for healthy eating. In the qualitative analysis, seven were considered hypocaloric; only one of the snacks came close to the proposed carbohydrate content; two had excess protein. In general, the recipes had low quantities of: lipids, calcium, iron, sodium, and fiber. Conclusions: less than half of the addresses consulted identified the author. In addition, the recipes were predominantly misleading, as most had inadequacies in macronutrient and micronutrient content.
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Muir, Adrienne, Rachel Spacey, Louise Cooke, and Claire Creaser. "Regulating internet access in UK public libraries: legal compliance and ethical dilemmas." Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 14, no. 1 (March 14, 2016): 87–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jices-02-2015-0005.
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Purpose – This paper aims to consider selected results from the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC)-funded “Managing Access to the internet in Public Libraries” (MAIPLE) project, from 2012-2014. MAIPLE has explored the ways in which public library services manage use of the internet connections that they provide for the public. This included the how public library services balance their legal obligations and the needs of their communities in a public space and the ethical dilemmas that arise. Design/methodology/approach – The researchers used a mixed-method approach involving a review of the literature, legal analysis, a questionnaire survey and case studies in five public library authorities. Findings – UK public library services use a range of methods to regulate internet access. The research also confirms previous findings that filtering software is an ubiquitous tool for controlling access to and protecting library users from “inappropriate”, illegal and harmful internet content. There is a general, if sometimes reluctant, acceptance of filtering software as a practical tool by library staff, which seems to contrast with professional codes of ethics and attitudes in other countries. The research indicates that public library internet access will be a valued service for some time to come, but that some aspects of how public library services regulate internet access is currently managed can have socially undesirable consequences, including blocking legitimate sites and preventing users from accessing government services. Education could play a greater part in helping the general population to exercise judgement in selection of materials to view and use. This does not preclude implementing stricter controls to protect children, whilst allowing public libraries to continue providing a social good to those who are unable to otherwise participate in the digital age. Research limitations/implications – The response to the survey was 39 per cent meaning that findings may not apply across the whole of the UK. The findings of this study are compared with and supplemented by other quantitative sources, but a strength of this study is the depth of understanding afforded by the use of case studies. Originality/value – This paper provides both a quantitative and qualitative analysis of how internet access is managed in UK public libraries, including how library services fulfil their legal obligations and the ethical implications of how they balance their role in facilitating access to information with their perceived role as a safe and trusted environment for all members of their communities. The findings add to the international discussion on this issue and stimulate debate and policy making in the UK.
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Lafton, Tove, Halla B. Holmarsdottir, Olaf Kapella, Merike Sisask, and Liudmila Zinoveva. "Children’s Vulnerability to Digital Technology within the Family: A Scoping Review." Societies 13, no. 1 (December 31, 2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc13010011.
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Children today experience digital engagement from a young age, and information and communication technology (ICT) use impacts how the family, seen as a social–relational structure or network of two or more people, communicates and interacts in daily life. This review broadly encompasses how children and young people are vulnerable regarding digital technology, focusing on diverse aspects of the family. The scoping review includes a final corpus of 100 articles broadly focusing on the term ‘vulnerability’ as it relates to digital technology and the family. The themes identified originate from the articles and describe five domains of vulnerability: (1) extensive Internet use, (2) age and gender, (3) risky online behaviour, (4) social networking as a social lubricant, and (5) parental mediation and care. The studies identified lean heavily on quantitative studies measuring time, whilst depth and context are less visible. Despite a growing body of research, there is a lack of both qualitative studies and research examining the role of technology in the lives of children and young people and how family dynamics are affected in the digital age.
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Tandi Lwoga, Edda, and Neema Florence Mosha. "Information seeking behaviour of parents and caregivers of children with mental illness in Tanzania." Library Review 62, no. 8/9 (November 25, 2013): 567–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lr-10-2012-0116.
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Purpose – The aim of this paper is to assess information needs and information seeking behaviour of parents and caregivers of children with mental illness at the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) in Tanzania. The study mainly assessed the information needs of parents and caregivers of children with mental illness, their preferable sources of health information, and their constraints on information seeking. Design/methodology/approach – This study used a case study research design, where 168 structured questionnaires were distributed to parents and caregivers of children with mental illness at the Neurological Pediatrics Outpatient Clinic of KCMC. The rate of response was 89.3 per cent. Findings – The study found that health information needs of parents and caregivers were mainly associated with health care (for example, nutrition, treatment) and health education. Parents and caregivers of children with mental illness used the internet as the main source of information about their children's health, which was followed by printed books and television. Health information seeking behaviour appeared similar across gender categories, but there were differences on the use of print and electronic information sources according to age and level of education. The main factors that hindered access to health information included low level of education, lack of funds and health information illiteracy. Practical implications – The paper provides useful suggestions that would facilitate information seeking and use among parents and caregivers of children with mental illness in Tanzania and other countries with similar conditions. Originality/value – Previous studies on the topic are scanty and, therefore, the paper provides important insights into the information needs and information seeking behaviour of parents and caregivers of children with mental illness in a developing country setting.
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Babchishin, Kelly M., Hannah L. Merdian, Ross M. Bartels, and Derek Perkins. "Child Sexual Exploitation Materials Offenders." European Psychologist 23, no. 2 (May 2018): 130–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000326.
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Abstract. The downloading and possession of Child Sexual Exploitation Materials (CSEM; also referred to as child pornography and indecent images of children) is a commonly convicted type of Internet sexual offenses. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on CSEM offenders. We first provide a summary of the key motivations of CSEM offenders, characteristics of CSEM offenders compared to contact sexual offenders against children, and important facilitative factors. We then review the factors related to recidivism among CSEM offenders. Finally, we describe current developments in the risk assessment, police case prioritization, and treatment approaches for CSEM offenders. Generally, CSEM offenders hold a sexual interest in children, are low on antisocial tendencies, and pose a low risk to reoffend (including contact sexual offending). Key facilitative factors for CSEM offending include access to children, offense-supportive cognitions, and sexual arousal. Factors indicative of antisocial tendencies (e.g., criminal history) are associated with an increased risk of reoffending. Lastly, we address atypical sexual interest, socio-affective dysfunctions, and strategies for maintaining an offense-free lifestyle as key treatment targets for CSEM offenders. Lower treatment dosage, however, should be considered given CSEM-exclusive offenders’ lower risk level for contact sexual offenses. We hope that this review will inspire others to explore the current research gaps in future studies.
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Cheyne, Elizabeth, Peter Hammond, and Jacky Askwith. "Short case studies from three UK centres illustrating: 1. erratic control, 2. pregnancy, and 3. children." Practical Diabetes International 18, S5 (2001): S9—S10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pdi.218.
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Ruolt, Anne. "Le « Petit Nègre des Missions » de l’École du Dimanche, un artefact ludo-éducatif ?" Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 46, no. 3 (February 14, 2017): 377–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008429816673311.
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This article looks at the history and practice of the use of money-box figurines, whose use spread in Europe in Sunday Schools from the late 19th to the 20th centuries, and it also examines their educational function. First of all, on the basis of iconographic internet research on missionary money boxes used for offerings in Protestant Sunday Schools in Europe, and the discovery of other forms of such savings banks, the article proposes a typology of these money boxes present in the Protestant world (symbolic figurines), in the Catholic world (realistic figurines) in France, Switzerland and Germany, and coin containers in the domestic and secular context (burlesque caricature figurines) in North America. Secondly, using an open survey of former Sunday School students who are now mature adults – principally in France, Switzerland and Germany – the article seeks to answer the following question: Can we say that, in the specific case of money boxes used for Protestant missionary offerings, this practice contributed indirectly to educating children in the direction of a form of racism? By placing these figurines in their context, the article shows that Sunday School figurines served more as symbolic figures, and the money box as a ludo-communicational ritual than as a ludo-educational artefact.
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Purnomo, Yoppy Wahyu, Tri Ratna Ainun, Puteri La Nina, Karunia Utami, Ririn Wijayanti, and Siti Noor Ismail. "Mother as a Teacher at Home : Challenges and Opportunities for Parental Involvement in Online Mathematics Learning for Elementary School Students." New Educational Review 69, no. 3 (2022): 130–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/tner.2022.69.3.10.
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Apart from changing learning and teaching habits, the COVID-19 pandemic has also affected the way parents involve themselves in learning from home. This study explores the challenges parents face when participating in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and what ways can be done to encourage students to learn mathematics online. We use multiple case studies to achieve research objectives. This study involved eight mothers of children in elementary school. Six of them are housewives, and the rest are government employees. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather data. Aside from technical constraints such as the availability of internet networks and infrastructure, the findings of this study show that technological literacy and parental involvement in cognitive, emotional, social, and pedagogical aspects are still lacking. We discussed four key findings, including issues with network availability and technological literacy, issues with parents’ routine work and how to accompany their children, parents’ beliefs about mathematics, and parental involvement in cognitive, affective, social, and pedagogical aspects. Finally, the parents’ learning community must be accommodated, developed, and assisted for their involvement to be more effective.
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Stones, S. "POS1473-HPR SELF- AND SHARED-MANAGEMENT INTERVENTIONS FOR CHILDREN, YOUNG PEOPLE, AND FAMILIES LIVING WITH RHEUMATIC AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASES: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 1022.1–1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3824.
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Background:Self-management refers to the manner in which individuals manage the symptoms, treatment, physical and psychosocial impact of long-term conditions (LTCs). The importance of equipping children and young people living with LTCs, like rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) with the capacity to self-manage is increasingly recognised in the literature, and in conversation. In addition, there is a strong case to support families who assume a shared-management role for their child. However, there is a limited understanding of interventions designed to improve self- and shared-management capacity in this population, prompting for a review of the literature, across multiple study designs.Objectives:The aim of this integrative review was to identify and describe interventions promoting self-management of RMDs by children and young people, and shared-management of RMDs by families.Methods:The integrative review followed a six-stage process [1]. Studies published since 2010 were identified through a search of eight bibliographic databases. Studies reporting on any paediatric-onset RMD were included, as were those in multiple condition areas where RMDs were included in the analysis. Twenty-six articles met the inclusion criteria: 24 research articles reporting on 17 interventions, and two review articles containing a further four research articles. The methodological quality of included articles was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, and a thematic synthesis was undertaken.Results:Most study participants were CYP and families living with JIA. A minority of studies included CYP and families living with other RMDs, as well as chronic pain, type 1 diabetes mellitus, epilepsy, sleeping disorder, and cancer. Around half of the articles reported a specific theory and/or model or framework guiding the intervention. Interventions tended to be focussed at either CYP or families, with few designed to span the lifecourse from birth to young adulthood, while supporting all members of the family unit. Intervention types included: decisional aids; comic educational book; family retreat weekend; internet- and group-based cognitive behavioural programme; internet-based peer mentoring intervention; internet-based self-guided self-management intervention with weekly social support; internet-based electronic patient-reported outcome platform; smartphone applications; telenursing intervention; therapeutic recreational camp; therapeutic family nursing conversations; transition programme/clinic; and video games-based task-orientated activity training.Conclusion:This integrative review identified a range of interventions that have been evaluated to promote self- and shared management of RMDs by CYP and their families. There is a noticeable lack of emphasis on targeting the whole lifecourse for CYP, as well as supporting both CYP and families as they manage their RMD. Further work is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms which dictate how self- and shared-management interventions influence outcomes for CYP and families, under differing contexts, since this was overlooked by the majority of included studies.References:[1]De Souza et al. Integrative review: What is it? How to do it? Einstein (São Paulo) 2010; 8(1): 102-106.Acknowledgements:This work formed part of a PhD study funded by the University of Leeds.Disclosure of Interests:Simon Stones Speakers bureau: Janssen, Consultant of: Envision Pharma Group
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Wigg, Cristina Maria Duarte, Isabella Maria Félix de Almeida Coutinho, Isabelle Cristine da Silva, and Larissa Bezerra Lopes. "The mental health of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative review." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 9 (September 4, 2020): e704997687. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.7687.
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The study was a narrative review on the mental health of children and adolescents during a COVID-19 pandemic. A search was performed in the PubMed, BVS and Google Scholar databases, between April and June 2020. The studies revealed greater psychological distress due to social isolation, increased family conflicts and violence between parents and children. The closure of schools, lack of social interaction, feelings of uncertainty and fear in the face of a pandemic also contribute to the emergence of anxiety and stress symptoms in families. The resources of the Internet and social media can be tools of psychosocial support to families during quarantine, enabling therapeutic practices, information and contact between peers; minimizing symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression. Public policies are urgent and demand innovation and new technologies applied to families' mental health care.
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Martínez, Gemma, Miguel-Ángel Casado, and Carmelo Garitaonandia. "Online parental mediation strategies in family contexts of Spain." Comunicar 28, no. 65 (October 1, 2020): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c65-2020-06.
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This article explores online parental mediation strategies in Spain and their association with sociodemographic and family context factors. The results of a survey conducted at the end of 2018 are presented herein, based on a sample of 2,900 Spanish minors between 9 and 17 years of age who use Internet. The impact of the diverse parental mediation strategies applied to Internet use has been calculated by taking into account the sociodemographic factors of the participating minors (age and gender). Association analysis was performed using the SPSS statistical analysis programme. In this case, an extra analysis was carried out with regard to the relationship of influence between different strategies and the rules of behaviour and family support in the household context as perceived by the minor. Findings suggest that enabling and restrictive mediation strategies are very common in Spanish families, while technical mediation strategies have a very limited presence. It is noteworthy that restrictions and security strategies generally apply more to girls than to boys. Household rules related to the behaviour of minors have a positive correlation with an increase of influence of nearly all strategies. However, there is no relevant association between family support perceived by children and restrictive strategies and techniques applied by parents. Este artículo explora las estrategias de mediación parental online en España y cómo los factores sociodemográficos y del contexto familiar se asocian con ellas. Se presentan los resultados de una encuesta realizada a una muestra de 2.900 menores españoles usuarios de Internet, entre 9 y 17 años encuestados a finales del año 2018. La incidencia de las diferentes estrategias de mediación parental en el uso de Internet se ha calculado atendiendo a factores sociodemográficas de los menores (edad y sexo). Mediante un análisis de asociación realizado con el programa de análisis estadístico SPSS se explora también la relación de la incidencia de las diferentes estrategias con las reglas de comportamiento y el apoyo familiar en el contexto del hogar percibidas por el menor. Las estrategias de mediación habilitantes y restrictivas tienen una presencia importante en las familias españolas, mientras que las técnicas tienen una presencia muy limitada. Es remarcable que las restricciones y las estrategias de seguridad, generalmente se aplican más a las niñas que a los niños. Las reglas del hogar relacionadas con el comportamiento de los menores se correlacionan positivamente con el aumento de incidencia de casi todas las estrategias, sin embargo, no existe una asociación significativa entre el apoyo familiar percibido por niños y niñas y las estrategias restrictivas y técnicas aplicadas por los padres y las madres.
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Marsh, Jackie. "The Internet of Toys: A Posthuman and Multimodal Analysis of Connected Play." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 119, no. 12 (December 2017): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811711901206.
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Background The study reported in this article focuses on an exploration of the role and nature of play in young children's use of toys that connect physical and digital domains. Purpose The purpose of the article is to explore the nature of the connections that are made in play that transverses physical and virtual domains. The article draws on posthuman theory to explain some of the complexity of the play that occurs in these contexts. Research Design The research took place in the United Kingdom, and the overall study consisted of four distinct stages: (a) A survey of 2,000 parents of children aged 0–5 years, focusing on children's access to and use of tablet apps; (b) case studies of preschool children's use of apps in six families; (c) observations of children aged 3–5 years in a school using apps; and (d) content and multimodal analysis of apps. The focus of this article is on (b), although some of the survey data from the first stage of the study are also shared to provide context. Data Collection and Analysis The focus for this article is the play of a three-year-old girl, Amy. In addition to ethnographic data constructed over a 2-month period (field notes, interviews, photographs, and films), Amy's mother collected data between the researchers’ visits by making films of her daughter's use of apps. Amy also collected data herself by wearing a GoPro chestcam. The data that inform the analysis in this article are from a film created by Amy (11:05 minutes) and a video filmed by Amy's mother (5.21 minutes). Data were both inductively analyzed using multimodal (inter)action analysis and deductively analyzed using a posthumanist approach. Findings Amy's play connected digital and nondigital components in complex ways. An app and related physical object that typify the Internet of Toys provided opportunities for Amy's play to take place across physical and digital domains, and the inorganic objects embedded in the electronic toy and related app were an important element of this play, shaping Amy's responses at times. However, Amy's play was not always determined by the design of the electronic objects, and she demonstrated agency within play episodes. There were multiple connections made across a variety of domains/ dimensions, which added to the complexity of the play. Conclusions/Recommendations Young children's play increasingly connects digital and nondigital domains, and posthumanist theories can enhance understanding of how connections across these time/spaces are made.
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Hartshorn, Stuart, and Paul M. Middleton. "Efficacy and safety of inhaled low-dose methoxyflurane for acute paediatric pain: A systematic review." Trauma 21, no. 2 (September 10, 2018): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460408618798391.
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Introduction Undertreatment of acute, moderate-to-severe pain in children is common, due in part to barriers to the use of opioids. Low-dose methoxyflurane is an inhaled, non-opioid analgesic widely used in Australia and recently approved in Europe for the emergency relief of acute moderate-to-severe trauma pain in adults. Methods Using an integrative review framework, we conducted a literature analysis to examine the potential utility of methoxyflurane in children with acute pain. EMBASE®, MEDLINE® and PubMed were searched (criteria included ‘methoxyflurane’ ‘child*’ or ‘adolescent’ or ‘pediatr*’ or ‘paediatr*’) from January 2000 to October 2017, along with internet-based sources to identify relevant grey literature (no predefined search criteria). A series of investigative questions were developed regarding the safety and efficacy of methoxyflurane in this setting and addressed using evidence collated from the identified studies. Results Of 366 results from the literature searches, 6 clinical trials and observational studies were identified which explored the safety and/or efficacy of inhaled methoxyflurane in individuals < 18 years in either a clinical trial or observational study. All six studies concluded that methoxyflurane provides effective and rapid analgesia for paediatric acute moderate-to-severe pain. Methoxyflurane was well tolerated and associated with good levels of patient/healthcare provider satisfaction in this setting. Conclusions While large-scale studies are needed to better inform treatment approaches for paediatric use, inhaled methoxyflurane has potential to provide easy to administer, needle-free analgesia with a rapid onset and good safety profile.
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Daskalopoulou, Maria, Magdalini Pylli, and Konstantinos Giannakou. "Vitamin D Deficiency as a Possible Cause of Type 1 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents up to 15 Years Old: A Systematic Review." Review of Diabetic Studies 18, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1900/rds.2022.18.58.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate vitamin D ((25OH)D levels) deficiency as a possible cause in the development of DT1 in children and adolescents aged 0-15. METHODS: We searched PubMed/ Medline, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library to identify potentially eligible articles that examine whether low serum 25(OH)D levels are associated with subsequent development of DT1. All type of research designs, including randomized and non-randomized controlled trials, prospective and retrospective cohort studies, case- control and cross-sectional studies with subjects aged ≤15 years old were consider for inclusion. RESULTS: Seven original studies met the entry criteria. Most of these studies found up to 50% lower levels of vitamin D in children with DT1 compared to control group and a significant positive association between vitamin D levels and of the risk of developing DT1. Results of quality assessment demonstrated moderate to high quality of all the studies included. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D deficiency may be a possible cause in the development of DT1 in the early years of life and particularly in children with genetic predisposition, whilst the deficiency of vitamin D is a very common occurrence in patients with DT1. Further long-term studies on children are required to determine the role of vitamin D on DT1.
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Sourander, A., and T. Ristkari. "Developing and implementing digital-assisted parent training intervention for disruptive behavior in primary health care." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.487.
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BackgroundAccording to many epidemiological studies early prevention of mental health problems is essential in childhood. The objectives are:– to determine whether a digital-assisted intervention using whole-population screening that targets the most symptomatic 4-year-old children is effective at 12 months after the start of treatment;– to describe the Finnish Strongest Families intervention model in primary health care.MethodsThe target population was children with high level of DBD symptoms screened from the population of 4-year olds attending annual child health clinic check-ups. The RCT study was conducted in southwest-Finland between 2011 and 2013. In the control group, participants (n = 232) were given access to a parent training website and a telephone call from a coach. Participants (n = 232) in the intervention group received internet and telephone delivered the Finnish Strongest Families program.ResultsDuring the 12-months follow-up results of the intervention showed the behavioural problems of the four-year-old children reduced significantly in the families who participated in the 11-week program compared to the control group. So far, this evidence-based intervention has been implemented in 13 municipalities in Finland and the nationwide implementing process is in progress.ConclusionsTraining parents online and over the telephone significantly decreases preschool children's disruptive behavior. Therefore, it is important to provide low threshold, digitally delivered, family oriented promotion, prevention and early intervention programs in the primary care. More studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effects and cost-effectiveness of digital interventions in preventive mental health care.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Sanz-Labrador, Ismael, Miguel Cuerdo-Mir, and Luis Miguel Doncel-Pedrera. "The Use of Digital Educational Resources in Times of COVID-19." Social Media + Society 7, no. 3 (July 2021): 205630512110492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20563051211049246.
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COVID-19 has profoundly disrupted national education systems, affecting the future well-being of school-age children. Bacher-Hicks and colleagues showed that the intensity of the search for online learning resources in the United States doubled with respect to pre-COVID-19 levels. However, areas of the country with higher incomes, better internet access, and fewer rural schools experienced significantly greater increases in search intensity. Using a similar method to study the case of Spain, we analyze the evolution of search intensity for a selection of digital educational resources over the period 2015 to 2021. Special attention is paid to the period of COVID-19 pandemic, namely, March 2020 to June 2021. The findings include a widespread rise in the use of digital resources with respect to the use in the last 5 years, which varies by digital educational resource and region. However, the use of digital resources in Spain does not seem to vary according to family income, at least in relation to open access digital educational resources. In addition, there appears to be a steady decline in search intensity for digital educational resources and a certain degree of substitutability following the surge due to the pandemic and the school closures.
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Atanesyan, Rosa A., Tatyana A. Uglova, Tatyana M. Vdovina, Leonid Ya Klimov, Marina U. Kostanova, Victoriya A. Kuryaninova, Marina V. Stoyan, Lilit S. Alaverdyan, and Svetlana V. Dolbnya. "A clinical case of neonatal diabetes caused by INS gene mutation." Diabetes mellitus 22, no. 2 (June 23, 2019): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/dm9876.
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Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a severe endocrine pathology diagnosed in children during the first months of life. It comprises rare (1:300 0001:400 000 newborns) metabolic disorders with postnatal pancreatic -cell dysfunction, manifested by hyperglycaemia and hypoinsulinaemia. It is currently established that molecular genetic diagnosis of neonatal diabetes forms can influence treatment and prognosis. Interestingly, most identified mutations in the insulin gene are not inherited, but are sporadic. There is evidence that, in addition to heterozygous INS mutations, NDM can be caused by homozygous or compound-heterozygous mutations.
The present article presents the clinical case of a girl with NDM associated with an INS gene mutation. INS gene mutations cause permanent diabetes and require children to undergo genetic examination, especially patients with type 1 diabetes in the absence of antibodies.
Currently, there are no data that allow to determine a phenotypic and genotypic portrait of NDM forms or to explain the factors determining their occurrence. Further studies of clinical cases of neonatal diabetes are therefore required to determine the characteristics of NDM subtypes with subsequent disease prognosis.
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Kuchma, Vladislav R., L. M. Sukhareva, M. I. Stepanova, P. I. Chramtsov, I. E. Aleksandrova, and S. B. Sokolova. "SCIENTIFIC BASES AND TECHNOLOGIES OF SECURITY HYGIENIC SAFETY OF CHILDREN IN THE «DIGITAL SCHOOL»." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 12 (December 15, 2019): 1385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-12-1385-1391.
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Introduction. Modern education of children is one of the most rapidly changing systems, actively using modern capabilities of information and communication technologies and e-learning tools. Information and communication technologies increase the load on the visual, auditory analyzers, the nervous system and contribute to the development of overwork in children. The use of digital media is becoming increasingly widespread, not only in school, before and in preschool education. To substantiate the concept and integrated system of the hygienic safety of electronic educational content and children’s life in conditions of hyper-informatization, physiological and hygienic studies are required. Materials and methods. In order to develop the scientific foundations and technologies for ensuring the hygienic safety of children in the “Digital School”, an expert-analytical study was carried out based on the results of representative hygienic observations and non-randomized controlled studies with Contribution of volunteers. Results. Studies of childhood hygiene allowed justifying the modern system of hygiene and health care of children and adolescents in a hyper-informational society, including criteria of the hygienic safety, including in the editorial, intended for children and adolescents; sanitary rules and norms of ensuring the hygienic safety of the new generation; federal recommendations of medical support of students in the conditions of using information and communication technologies; federal guidelines for students ’mental health and well-being; recommendations to the family in the field of ensuring the safety of children’s life in a digital environment; recommendations to producers and distributors of content in the field of ensuring the medical, psychological and pedagogical safety of children’s life, including the age marking of information products; gaming educational and educational programs on the rules for the safe use of children on the Internet; a system for monitoring the effectiveness of hygienic safety policies and protecting children from negative information in a hyper-information society. Conclusion. The developed system and technologies for ensuring the hygienic safety of the “Digital School” are significant for the medical and preventive basis of the health saving of students in the Decade of Childhood in Russia (2018-2027).
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Punukollu, Mallika, and Mafalda Marques. "Use of mobile apps and technologies in child and adolescent mental health: a systematic review." Evidence Based Mental Health 22, no. 4 (July 29, 2019): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2019-300093.
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QuestionThis review will aim to critically evaluate the currently available literature concerning the use of online mobile-based applications and interventions in the detection, management and maintenance of children and young people’s mental health and well-being.Study selection and analysisA systematic literature search of six electronic databases was conducted for relevant publications until May 2019, with keywords pertaining to mental health, well-being and problems, mobile or internet apps or interventions and age of the study population. The resulting titles were screened and the remaining 92 articles were assessed against the inclusion and exclusion criteria with a total of 4 studies included in the final review.FindingsIn general, young people seem to engage very well with this type of tools, and they demonstrate some positive effects in emotional self-awareness. There have been some studies about this issue and many of the outcomes were notstatistically significant. However, it is still a sparsely documented area, and more research is needed in order to prove these effects.ConclusionsMental health apps directed at young people have the potential to be important assessment, management and treatment tools, therefore creating easier access to health services, helping in the prevention of mental health issues and capacitating to self-help in case of need. However, a limited number of studies are currently available, and further assessments should be made in order to determine the outcomes of this type of interventions.
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Shabaraya, AR, and Akhila Ullas. "Review on Assessment of Self-Medication and Factors Influencing Self-Medication Practice among Pediatric Population." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 4 (April 6, 2021): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210408.
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Self-medication refers to patients who use non-prescription medicines, usually over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, to treat certain ‘minor’ ailments themselves without consulting a medical practitioner and without any medical supervision. In pediatric context, self-medication implies administration of medication by the care giver without medical consultation. Parents sometimes exhibit the habit of self-medication for the diseases of their children. Today, children take responsibility for their medications at different ages; children often take responsibility for taking medications at a young age especially when they are suffering from chronic conditions. Children aged 16-18 years are observed to self-medicate for minor ailments like cold, fever, headache and pain. Hence this population is at a greater risk of medication errors and there is a need to improve the pediatric medication safety. Various factors influencing self-medication are patient and care giver educational level, awareness about health, accessibility to medicine and health care facilities, time constraint, ineffective prescription, thinking disease is not serious, ease and convenience, cost of physician’s service development of new technologies (e.g. internet and related communication) is promoting self-medication worldwide. Economic and cultural factors have contributed to the growth and spread of self-medication worldwide. The remaining of the previous prescription drugs which are present at home is used, previous experience on efficacy of the drug. This systematic review of self-medication in pediatric population studies showed that more than half of the populations were self-medicated. Keywords: self-medication, pediatric population.
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Samoylova, Irina G. "ACCESSIBILITY AND QUALITY OF ORGANIZATION OF MEDICAL REHABILITATION TO CHILDREN AFTER NEUROIN INFECTIONS." Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation 21, no. 3-4 (December 15, 2018): 126–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1560-9537-2018-21-3-126-128.
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The article is devoted to an important problem - the evaluation of all the criteria for the quality of medical care provided in the clinic of the Children’s Scientific and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases, from the standpoint of the independent opinion of patients and persons caring for patients in this institution. With the help of specially developed questionnaires, posted, including on the Institute’s website, a survey of patients and persons caring for children was conducted. Estimating the information availability it is established that according to the results of the survey 92% of respondents are satisfied with the completeness of the information provided on the Internet. Only 23.2% paid attention to the media, placed directly in the clinic. 3.5% of respondents were not satisfied with the equipment of the clinic with equipment for people with disabilities, and 56% - did not provide an answer to this question. A significant proportion of the respondents (91.4%) noted the high competence of all medical personnel, and 96.1% indicated that the medical staff was polite and benevolent. Materially thanked medical personnel for the assistance rendered by almost a quarter of respondents (24.1%). At the same time, it is important to emphasize that the absolute majority (96.8%) of the respondents expressed material gratitude on their own initiative. 14.2% of the respondents paid for additional diagnostic tests, but more than half of the respondents in this group (52.8%) paid for these studies in order to more accurately verify the diagnosis, ie, these studies were not prescribed in the procedures and standards of medical care. In conclusion, it is important to note that, in general, the interviewed people would recommend treatment in the clinic of the Children’s Scientific and Clinical Center. This fact is indicated by the results of the survey - 98.4% of the respondents confirmed this fact.
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Oduor, Patience, Mary Wambura, Geoffrey Mwai, and Steve Wandiga. "PO 8472 EACCR-2 INSTITUTIONAL CLINICAL RESEARCH CAPACITY ASSESSMENT: CASE STUDY OF SIAYA COUNTY REFERRAL HOSPITAL, WESTERN KENYA." BMJ Global Health 4, Suppl 3 (April 2019): A42.1—A42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-edc.110.
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BackgroundInfrastructural inadequacies and lack of research management expertise impede optimal research participation by Ministries of Health in Africa. The East African Consortium for Clinical Research (EACCR-2) network champions research strengthening through capacity building and partnership with local institutions to improve research output in the region. The Siaya County Referral Hospital was evaluated for research needs in preparation for a future clinical trial.MethodsIn April 1018, we interviewed departmental in-charges or designees for administrative, financial and clinical data management, laboratory records and information technology (IT). Standardised assessment questionnaires were used.ResultsFive of the seven respondents interviewed were males. Patient populations such as children, adolescents and pregnant mothers were identified as having unique characteristics. They are to be considered for future inpatient and outpatient clinical trials. There is little research exposure among clinical, data and laboratory staff despite some of them receiving GCP and GCLP training.An Institutional Review Board (IRB) is in place and it reviews both academic research proposals and large multicentre clinical trials before studies are carried out. However, the members lack appropriate training in bioethics.Acute staff shortage, reagent stock-outs, space constraints, and faulty equipment limit the laboratory’s capacity. Insufficient IT support and internet access cause delays in data entry. A lack of expertise in monitoring, data analysis and statistics, of financial management systems and library services were also identified.ConclusionThe hospital’s capacity to conduct clinical research is low. Assessment findings highlighted funding constraints faced at the referral hospital in a country burdened by disease. North-South partnership through EDCTP will contribute towards addressing part of these gaps.
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Larsen, Malene Charlotte. "Sociale netværkssider og digital ungdomskultur: Når unge praktiserer venskab på nettet [Social Network Sites and Digital Youth Culture: When young people practice friendship online]." MedieKultur: Journal of media and communication research 25, no. 47 (December 10, 2009): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/mediekultur.v25i47.1474.
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During the past few years, hundreds of thousands of Danes have created personal profiles on websites such as Arto, Facebook and MySpace. With the emergence and popularisation of these sites, we have witnessed a new media concept: social network(ing) sites. As is often the case with new media, teenagers have been the first to take social network sites to heart. In this paper I discuss the concept of online social networking and describe how social network sites are used as part of everyday teenage life to maintain social relations. I do this, firstly, by presenting a number of concepts that I consider to be important in relation to young people's use of social network sites. Secondly, I highlight some results from my own research on 12-18-year-old children and adolescents’ use of various social network sites, including Arto.com, which has been Danish teenagers’ preferred venue on the Internet for a relatively long time. Using empirical examples, I analyse and discuss how social network sites are an integral part of the young users' friendships and social lives. The article is based on four years of ethnographic studies.
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Ramadhani, Aulia, and Hillary Desiree Raharyani. "Improving Knowledge of Oral and Dental Health in Parents of Elementary School Children Through ‘Gigi Sehat’ Video Channel." Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine 3, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijdm.v3i2.2020.41-43.
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Background: Dental caries is one of the dental and oral health problems found the most in children. A previous study in Surabaya has revealed a high prevalence of dental caries in pre-school children (67.5%) resulting in a high severity level (def: 7.0). It occurred because of the poor mother’s knowledge of dental and oral health. It could be due to poor efforts to access information about oral and dental health which significantly affects child dental care. Studies show mothers in Surabaya mostly used Youtube as one of the media for accessing the information on the internet (46.2%). In Surabaya, the percentage of mothers having smartphones for accessing the internet was high (91.6%). Purpose: This study aimed to find out the effectiveness of the Youtube channel in improving parents’ knowledge about dental and oral health. Methods: This study was observational descriptive research using a cross-sectional study design. Thirty samples were selected through the total sampling of the population of parents in one of the elementary schools in Surabaya, Indonesia. This study employed pre-test and post-test methods to measure an increase in knowledge level. The participants’ knowledge was assessed before and after they were briefed and asked to watch Youtube videos regularly for 4 weeks. Data collected were then analyzed by the paired T-Test comparison test in SPSS. Results: In the pre-test, the participants’ knowledge about dental and oral health was at a 65% level. While the post-test showed an increase in their knowledge into 93%. There was a significant difference between the two results (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Educative video channels on dental and oral health can effectively improve parents’ knowledge about dental and oral health.
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Orsolini, Laura, Simone Pompili, Virginio Salvi, and Umberto Volpe. "A Systematic Review on TeleMental Health in Youth Mental Health: Focus on Anxiety, Depression and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder." Medicina 57, no. 8 (July 31, 2021): 793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57080793.
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Background and Objectives: The Internet is widely used and disseminated amongst youngsters and many web-based applications may serve to improve mental health care access, particularly in remote and distant sites or in settings where there is a shortage of mental health practitioners. However, in recent years, specific digital psychiatry interventions have been developed and implemented for special populations such as children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: Hereby, we describe the current state-of-the-art in the field of TMH application for young mental health, focusing on recent studies concerning anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder and affective disorders. Results: After screening and selection process, a total of 56 studies focusing on TMH applied to youth depression (n = 29), to only youth anxiety (n = 12) or mixed youth anxiety/depression (n = 7) and youth OCD (n = 8) were selected and retrieved. Conclusions: Telemental Health (TMH; i.e., the use of telecommunications and information technology to provide access to mental health assessment, diagnosis, intervention, consultation, supervision across distance) may offer an effective and efficacious tool to overcome many of the barriers encountering in the delivery of young mental health care.
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Handley, Sian, Richard Bowman, Alki Liasis, and Jugnoo Sangeeta Rahi. "Homonymous hemianopia in childhood: a systematic scoping review protocol." BMJ Open Ophthalmology 7, no. 1 (December 2022): e001073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2022-001073.
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IntroductionCerebral visual impairment (CVI) is the leading cause of visual impairment in childhood in western countries. This encompasses a heterogeneous group of disorders and a spectrum of types of visual impairments. Research is required to explore specific subtypes of CVI and the specific needs of these groups to provide more individualised patient care. One type of CVI is homonymous hemianopia (HH), the absence of vision on one side due to an insult to the postchiasmal visual pathways in one hemisphere of the brain. The scoping review aims to map the nature, features and volume of the existing literature around HH in infancy, childhood and young adolescence.Methods and analysisWe will perform a scoping review of the literature relating to HH in children (0–18 years old). The review will follow the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews checklist to ensure reporting integrity. We will conduct electronic database searches including CENTRAL, CINAHL, MEDLINE (PubMed) and PsycINFO. We will also carry out a ‘grey literature’ and internet search for studies or materials not formally published. Two researchers will independently review abstracts yielded from the search strategy for study inclusion.DisseminationThis review will inform health professionals and other stakeholders working within this growing population of children with CVI. Our review will summarise the literature relating to this specific subgroup of CVI, and will identify gaps that require further research and development towards specific care of children with this form of CVI.
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Uibu, Marko. "“Doctors Just Don’t Care about People!” How Medical Specialists Are Depicted in a Vaccine-Critical Estonian Facebook Group." Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore 82 (April 2021): 215–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/fejf2021.82.uibu.
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Vaccine hesitancy as a great health risk is related to trust in healthcare providers’ recommendations and provider-parent interaction. The negative image of doctors and their motives may hinder open communication and trustful relationship. As the role of the internet as a source for health information and emotional support has become significant, social media discussions about health and medicine provide valuable opportunities to observe the formation of critical attitudes towards doctors and medicine. This article examines representations of medical specialists in an Estonian vaccine-critical public Facebook group. On the forum, doctors are depicted as dumb and blind believers who operate in a wrong paradigm and are not able to see the full and accurate picture of “real health”. According to the group rhetoric, doctors’ willingness to help parents and children is limited as they depend on a broader exploitive medical system or Big Pharma. As medical specialists are not trustworthy and do not take any responsibility, parents feel that they must closely control all the actions. The group members believe that it is better not tell the truth to doctors and, if necessary, to threaten them with law enforcement. Many of the forum posts are very emotional, illustrating the heavy burden parents perceive in taking vaccine-related decisions. The ridiculing of medical specialists has an empowering effect on patients to feel more in control. Forum posts emphasize common belonging and shared concerns. Therefore, social media is not only a stage for vaccine information but an active factor contributing to the circulation of meanings and enabling emotional support and community formation.
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von Hausswolff-Juhlin, Y. L., L. Högdahl, and A. Birgegård. "Psychiatric co-morbidity in patients with eating disorders." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72447-6.
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BackgroundCo-morbidity is common among patients with eating disorders (ED) and some previous studies have reported a prevalence of over 80%. However, research in the area has been sparse and no previous studies include both children and adults, and both genders.MethodsData from the Stepwise quality control database, a large-scale Internet based data collection system for specialized ED care in Sweden, were used. The database includes data from children and adults and both genders. Stepwise contains structured diagnostic interviews for ED- and other DSM-IV Axis I diagnostics (the Structured Eating Disorder Interview and the M.I.N.I.Kid and SCID-I interviews). Part one is performed by trained staff and contains SEDI and SCID-I. Part two is made up of self-rating questionnaires and contains EDE-Q, and CPRS. The system is used in 32 treatment units (in and out patients) and comprises up to date1917 patients from all over Sweden.Results96,4% of the patients with ED was women and 3,6% were men. 74,8% of the patients with ED also had at least one other Axis I disorder. The most common type of diagnosis was anxiety (61%) followed by mood disorder (56%). 19% had substance use disorders. No gender differences regarding co-morbidity or specific ED diagnosis were observed.ConclusionThis study confirms previous results showing that the prevalence in co-morbidity is high among patients with ED. The high level of co-morbidity in patients with ED may change the approach in treatment and calls for more tailored treatment programs.