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1
Madarame, Haruhiko. "Shot Distribution and Accuracy in Senior and Youth International Basketball Games: Changes over the Decade of the 2010s." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 18 (September 20, 2021): 9900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189900.
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This study aimed to investigate the changes in shot distribution and accuracy in senior and under-17 international basketball tournaments in the 2010s. A retrospective cross-sectional design was employed, and a total of 1055 games from 20 world-level tournaments held between 2010 and 2019 were analyzed. The tournaments held in 2010 were played under the old three-point line (6.25 m), and the rest of the tournaments were played under the new three-point line (6.75 m). The numbers of two- and three-point shot attempts in each game were normalized to 100 possessions. Differences in mean values of two- and three-point shot attempts were analyzed by a two-way (category × year) between-subjects analysis of variance (ANOVA). Differences in the success rates of two- and three-point shots were analyzed by Fisher’s exact test. There was no significant category × year interaction for two-point shot attempts. However, there were significant main effects of category and year for two-point shot attempts. The number of two-point shot attempts increased significantly in 2012 and, in 2016, returned to a level not significantly different from that in 2010, independent of categories. There was a significant category × year interaction for three-point shot attempts. The number of three-point shot attempts decreased significantly in 2012 and, by 2016, returned to a level not significantly different from that in 2010 in senior men and under-17 women. There was no significant change in the number of three-point shot attempts in under-17 men. The effect of the extension of the three-point line on shot accuracy was limited. Differences in shot accuracy were prominent between age categories: the accuracy was lower in under-17 games than in senior games for both sexes. Although under-17 men attempted fewer three-point shots than senior men, under-17 women attempted a similar number of or more three-point shots than senior women. These findings can contribute to a better understanding of age and sex differences in recent trends in international basketball.
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Ferro, Mark A. "The Psychometric Properties of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) in an Epidemiological Sample of Canadian Youth." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 64, no. 9 (January 2, 2019): 647–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743718818414.
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Objective: This study (1) describes the distribution of Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) scores in an epidemiological sample of youth, (2) reports its item correlations and internal consistency reliability, (3) tests for measurement invariance by age (youth vs. adults) and sex, and (4) examines its predictive power for past-year psychiatric disorders. Method: Youth aged 15 to 19 years ( n = 2010) and adults aged 20 to 64 years ( n = 2010) from the Canadian Community Health Survey–Mental Health who completed the K6 were included. Past-year psychiatric disorders were measured using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0 (WHO-CIDI). Polychoric correlation matrices and ordinal reliability coefficients were calculated to assess internal consistency of the K6, and confirmatory factor analysis was used to test for measurement invariance. Area under the curves (AUCs) were computed to determine the extent to which the K6 predicted a positive screen on the WHO-CIDI. Results: K6 scores showed a J-shaped distribution, with >50% of youth having scores ≤3. Item and total scores were higher for females versus males. Item correlations were robust (0.31-0.78) and internal consistency was high (α = 0.86). Full measurement invariance was demonstrated between youth and adults, as well as between male and female youth. The K6 was a strong predictor of major depressive episode (AUC = 0.848), generalized anxiety disorder (AUC = 0.847), and bipolar disorder (AUC = 0.853). Conclusions: The K6 is a valid and reliable measure of psychological distress among youth. Its brevity and robust predictive power for psychiatric disorder confirm its utility in clinical and community settings to identify youth needing comprehensive psychiatric assessment.
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Simenko, Jozef. "Youth Judokas Competing in Higher Age Groups Leads to a Short-Term Success." Children 9, no. 11 (November 11, 2022): 1737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9111737.
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Coaches of youth judo athletes might be under the influence of some extraordinary elite judo athletes that have won elite competitions at a relatively young age and might put youth athletes under pressure to gain as much fighting experience as fast as possible. The present study aims to present a 5-year competition structure, volume and age competition categories (ACC) range in which youth judokas competed with 10-year dropout status. Data from 46 judokas were collected (M = 24; F = 22) for four categorisation classes (National-NC; Perspective-PC; International-IC; World class-WC). Competitive structure, volume, performance and number of ACC were collected from 2009 to 2013 for all age groups from scores and standings records of the National Federation. Youth judokas competed in 8 (±2) competitions per year and also competed in 3 (±1) ACC. Abroad competitions affect the fighting experience and competitive success (CS). CS showed positive correlations with the number of ACC in the year 2009 (p = 0.01), 2010 (p = 0.01) and 2011 (p = 0.04). The final observed years’ CS 2012 (p = 0.009) and 2013 (p = 0.002) showed a negative association with the number of ACC. CS in the final observed year 2013 showed a positive association (p = 0.012) with the dropout status in 2018 and a negative one with the number of abroad competitions in 2013 (p = 0.029). In total, 52% dropout was noted in 10 years. This ‘’playing-up’’ approach was shown to be successful in creating youth medalists. However, just in the short term, if implemented for too long, it starts to affect competition success negatively and increases youth athletes’ dropout. Therefore, coaches should include more competitions abroad in competitors’ primary age group, while training sessions could be done with higher age groups which would allow for gathering additional experience in a more controlled environment in their yearly periodisation.
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Calleja González, Julio, Juan Mielgo Ayuso, José Antonio Lekue, Xabier Leibar, Julen Erauzkin, Igor Jukic, Sergej M. Ostojic, Jesús Gustavo Ponce González, Maite Fuentes Azpiroz, and Nicolás Terrados. "Anthropometry and performance of top youth international male basketball players in Spanish national academy." Nutrición Hospitalaria 35, no. 6 (December 3, 2018): 1331. http://dx.doi.org/10.20960/nh.1897.
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The “Century XXI” Project is a seven-year intervention sport program performed among the best Spanish youth basketball players, who were assigned to one of the following intervention groups based on the following criteria: age, position, mature level, and origin in the country. The study was performed (1996-2001) with a total of 90 players. The main purposes of this study were: a) to describe anthropometric and performance characteristics of top youth international male basketballers in the Spanish national academy; and b) to analyze differences among positions. Insummary, the main findings of this study were: a) the anthropometry presented significant differences between groups under (U-) 14 and U-17; and b) in the U-17 group centers presented more arm span. In our study, the most significant changes are in U-16 vs U-14 and U-15 in strength body up values, and the best result in endurance capacity took place in June of the fourth year. Within this context, the results of the present study may be useful for strength and conditioning coaches to plan their programs with youth basketball players.
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Malone, K. M., L. Quinlivan, T. Grant, and C. C. Kelleher. "Ageing towards 21 as a risk factor for Young Adult Suicide in the UK and Ireland." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 22, no. 3 (November 13, 2012): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796012000649.
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Aims.Youth and young adult suicide has increasingly appeared on international vital statistics as a rising trend of concern in age-specific mortality over the past 50 years. The reporting of suicide deaths in 5-year age bands, which has been the international convention to date, may mask a greater understanding of year-on-year factors that may accelerate or ameliorate the emergence of suicidal thoughts, acts and fatal consequences. The study objective was to identify any year-on-year period of increased risk for youth and young adult suicide in the UK and Ireland.Methods.Collation and examination of international epidemiological datasets on suicide (aged 18–35) for the UK and Ireland 2000–2006 (N = 11 964). Outcome measures included the age distribution of suicide mortality in international datasets from the UK and Ireland, 2000–2006.Results.An accelerated pattern of risk up to the age of 20 for the UK and Ireland which levels off moderately thereafter was uncovered, thus identifying a heretofore unreported age-related epidemiological transition for suicide.Conclusions.The current reporting of suicide in 5-year age bands may conceal age-related periods of risk for suicide. This may have implications for suicide prevention programmes for young adults under age 21.
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Uysal, Serife, Jose Bernardo Quintos, Diane DerMarderosian, Heather A. Chapman, Steven E. Reinert, Priya Hirway, and Lisa Swartz Topor. "PARTIAL HOSPITALIZATION: AN INTERVENTION FOR YOUTH WITH POORLY CONTROLLED DIABETES MELLITUS." Endocrine Practice 25, no. 10 (October 2019): 1041–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4158/ep-2019-0102.
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Objective: To examine the efficacy of an integrated medical/psychiatric partial hospitalization program (PHP) to improve glycemic control in youth with both diabetes mellitus and mental health disorders. Methods: This retrospective chart review is of patients admitted to a PHP between 2005–2015 with concerns about diabetes mellitus care. Clinical characteristics, laboratory data, diabetic ketoacidosis hospitalizations, and outpatient clinic visit frequency were collected from the year prior to the year after PHP admission. Results: A total of 43 individuals met inclusion criteria: 22 (51%) were female, 40 (93%) had type 1 diabetes, the mean age was 15.2 ± 2.3 years, and the mean diabetes mellitus duration was 4.6 ± 3.6 years. Of those individuals, 35 of these patients had hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) data available at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year after PHP. The average HbA1c before PHP admission was 11.3 ± 2.3% (100.5 ± 25 mmol/mol), and decreased to 9.2 ± 1.3% (76.7 ± 14.8 mmol/mol) within 6 months of PHP admission ( P<.001). The average HbA1c 1 year after PHP was 10.7 ± 1.7 % (93.3 ± 19.1 mmol/mol). Overall, 24 patients (68%) had lower HbA1c, and 75% of those with improvement maintained an HbA1c reduction of ≥1% (≥10 mmol/mol) at 1 year compared to before PHP. Conclusion: Most patients demonstrated improved glycemic control within 6 months of PHP admission, and many of those maintained a ≥1% (≥10 mmol/mol) reduction in HbA1c at 1 year following PHP admission. This program may represent a promising intervention that could serve as a model for intensive outpatient management of youth with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. Abbreviations: ADA = American Diabetes Association; DKA = diabetic ketoacidosis; EMR = electronic medical record; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c; ICD-9 = International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision; PHP = partial hospitalization program
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Ljaljević, Agima, Elvir Zvrko, Boban Mugoša, Snežana Matijević, and Jasmina Andjelić. "Prevalence of Smoking and Other Smoking-Related Behaviours Among Students Aged 13 to 15 Years in Montenegro: Results from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey of 2008." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 61, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-61-2010-1987.
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Prevalence of Smoking and Other Smoking-Related Behaviours Among Students Aged 13 to 15 Years in Montenegro: Results from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey of 2008The Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) is an international study that provides data on youth tobacco use for development of tobacco control programs. It is a school-based survey that uses a standardised methodology for sampling, core questionnaire items, training protocol, field procedures, and data management.This article reports the findings from a GYTS conducted in Montenegro in 2008, which included 5723 adolescents. More than 30 % of students aged 13 to 15 tried smoking, 5.1 % smoked cigarettes, and 3.6 % of students used tobacco products other than cigarettes. Four in 10 ever smokers started to smoke before the age of 10. More than half the students reported secondary smoke exposure at home. Almost all (96.5 %) current smokers bought cigarettes in a store. Two in 10 students owned an artifact with a cigarette or tobacco brand logo on it.The GYTS study has shown that there is an urgent need to introduce effective child-oriented smoking prevention programmes in early elementary school classes. These should be accompanied by public awareness campaigns on smoke-free homes.
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Lang, Justin J., Mark S. Tremblay, Luc Léger, Tim Olds, and Grant R. Tomkinson. "International variability in 20 m shuttle run performance in children and youth: who are the fittest from a 50-country comparison? A systematic literature review with pooling of aggregate results." British Journal of Sports Medicine 52, no. 4 (September 20, 2016): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096224.
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ObjectivesTo describe and compare 20 m shuttle run test (20mSRT) performance among children and youth across 50 countries; to explore broad socioeconomic indicators that correlate with 20mSRT performance in children and youth across countries and to evaluate the utility of the 20mSRT as an international population health indicator for children and youth.MethodsA systematic review was undertaken to identify papers that explicitly reported descriptive 20mSRT (with 1-min stages) data on apparently healthy 9–17 year-olds. Descriptive data were standardised to running speed (km/h) at the last completed stage. Country-specific 20mSRT performance indices were calculated as population-weighted mean z-scores relative to all children of the same age and sex from all countries. Countries were categorised into developed and developing groups based on the Human Development Index, and a correlational analysis was performed to describe the association between country-specific performance indices and broad socioeconomic indicators using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.ResultsPerformance indices were calculated for 50 countries using collated data on 1 142 026 children and youth aged 9–17 years. The best performing countries were from Africa and Central-Northern Europe. Countries from South America were consistently among the worst performing countries. Country-specific income inequality (Gini index) was a strong negative correlate of the performance index across all 50 countries.ConclusionsThe pattern of variability in the performance index broadly supports the theory of a physical activity transition and income inequality as the strongest structural determinant of health in children and youth. This simple and cost-effective assessment would be a powerful tool for international population health surveillance.
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Corvalan, Alejandro, and Paulo Cox. "Class-Biased Electoral Participation: The Youth Vote in Chile." Latin American Politics and Society 55, no. 03 (2013): 47–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2013.00202.x.
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AbstractThere is no other country where the division between the old and young electorate is as striking as in Chile. For older voters, turnout exceeded, on average, 90 percent in 2009; for those aged less than 30, it fell below 30 percent. Using individual survey data from 2006, 2008, and 2010, this article studies the current socioeconomic composition of the Chilean young electorate. First, it shows that the young electorate is class-biased. Income is highly correlated with both registration and turnout even after controlling for education. Second, it presents evidence that class bias for the whole electorate has been increasing over time, due to generational replacement. The results are not promising for Chile’s democracy in the years to come, since equal participation is worsening over time.
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Singh, Val, Sébastien Point, and Yves Moulin. "French supervisory board gender composition and quota threat: changes from 2008 to 2010." Gender in Management: An International Journal 30, no. 7 (October 5, 2015): 551–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gm-07-2015-0065.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how an environmental threat (possible quotas for female supervisory directors) might change supervisory board gender composition in SBF120 French company boards between 2008 and 2010. Design/methodology/approach – From a census of supervisory board membership of SBF120 companies in France in January 2008 and December 2010, data were obtained to test hypotheses relating to changes in gender composition of boards and demographic differences between new and earlier director appointees. The authors drew on institutional theory to inform the discussion of this paper’s findings. Findings – The authors reveal significant increases over 2008-2010 in SBF120 board female representation and significant cohort differences between recent and earlier appointees. Newer female appointees differed from male peers and from earlier appointed females and males, bringing youth and international experience. New females were more likely to gain CAC40 seats than their male peers. There was an increase in boards with multiple female directors. Research limitations/implications – Actual motivations for increase in female appointments are unknown, but institutional theory provides possible explanations, as suggestion of coercive forces loomed. Chairmen of larger firms may have made strategic choices to attract younger and English-speaking foreign women, before the rush. Limitations include the descriptive nature of the paper, but it sets a benchmark for later studies to monitor progress in depth. Practical implications – The talent pool for female directors has widened to include foreign English-speaking women, bringing a range of new insights and experience of international governance practice to traditional French boardrooms. However, this could be seen as further discriminatory practice that requires female appointees to bring more human and social capital than that required of their male peers. Originality/value – This is the first paper charting the changes in supervisory board composition during the three-year period of environmental unrest as quotas were proposed and legislated in France and comparing new and existing cohort French director demographics.
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Bin Abdullah, Nagoor Meera, Mohan Govindasamy, Megat Shahriman Zaharudin, and Subramanian Raman Nair. "Paralympic Movement in Malaysia: The Achievement of High-Performance Para Sports." Journal Sport Area 6, no. 1 (February 9, 2021): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/sportarea.2021.vol6(1).5504.
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The article elaborates on the achievement of the Malaysian athletes with disabilities locally and also in international scenes. Malaysian athletes start to participate in international competition since 1962, and local games been organized back in 1982 with the introduction of the Paralympic Games. The article also illustrates the medal achievement where Malaysian contingent achieves a total of 1700 medals at the ASEAN Para Games from 2001-2017. In FESPIC and Asian Para Games, a total of 582 medals was won from the year 1982-2018. At the FESPIC and Asian Youth Para Games, a total of 189 medals won from the year 2003-2017. The highest achievement came from the Paralympic games as Malaysian won 11 medals in total from the year 1962-2016. More need to be done to establish para sports in Malaysia with the support of every parties including the government and the media.
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Bagramian, Ruben, Judith Madill, Norm O’Reilly, Sameer Deshpande, Ryan E. Rhodes, Mark Tremblay, Tanya Berry, and Guy Faulkner. "Evaluation of sport participation objectives within a health-focussed social marketing sponsorship." International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship 20, no. 2 (May 7, 2019): 206–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsms-01-2018-0011.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to empirically test O’Reilly and Madill’s (2012) process model to assess social marketing elements of a multi-year partnership between Coca-Cola Canada and a physical activity microgrant program, known as Teen Challenge, managed by ParticipACTION, a Canadian not-for-profit organization that champions sport and physical activity participation. ParticipACTION’s Teen Challenge is a multi-year initiative that was developed in 2008 and involves over 5,800 community organizations (COs) and over 500,000 Canadian teens across the nation (ParticipACTION, 2016). Design/methodology/approach A series of ten hypotheses related to the evaluation are tested using longitudinal data from event participants over a five-year period from 2009 to 2013. Findings The study revealed that sponsor and sponsee shared objectives around sport participation, including the three found in this study. Practically, this is a positive result for sport participation properties who might now consider this as part of a sponsorship sales strategy. The research found that both Coca-Cola Canada and ParticipACTION have the following shared objectives in this particular sponsorship: motivate and support youth to get active and live a healthy life; remove barriers that youth face in getting physically active; and encourage more COs to be involved in the program. Conceptually, this finding extends the discussion of shared social marketing objectives in sponsorship proposed by Madill and O’Reilly (2010). Research limitations/implications The findings support the sponsorship literature, in suggesting that shared objectives among sponsorship partners are important for the sponsorship to achieve successful outcomes (Cornwell et al., 2001). Shared sponsorship objectives can be utilized as a strategic tool for the sponsee to demonstrate the effectiveness of the program and to build a long-term relationship. The results of the logistic regression analysis indicate that COs which viewed partners’ collaboration as positive agreed that the Teen Challenge program made physical activity more accessible and affordable for youth. Practical implications This study provides several important implications for non-profit organizations that aim to establish an effective social marketing campaign. One way for non-profit organizations to build a strong relationship with sponsors was through positive collaboration where the two partners work together (e.g. activation) to maximize the sponsorship’s effectiveness. First, it increased youth participation in the Teen Challenge program and made it affordable for teens to participate in other physical activity programs. Second, it enhanced Coca-Cola’s image as supporters of active lifestyle in the eyes of COs. Finally, it affected the likelihood that COs would recommend the program. Social implications Results of the survey of COs that are registered with the program provides us with another important finding that positive partner collaboration is only one component of overall effectiveness. Another component would be to take action to communicate to COs that positive collaboration indeed took place in the sponsorship. One way to achieve this goal is to demonstrate to COs the importance of funding that the sponsor provides as well as the impact of sponsorship partners’ positive collaboration on the overall program. The authors also found that sponsorship partners’ positive collaboration in the delivery of the Teen Challenge program played an important role in whether COs recommend the program to others. Originality/value The results of this research contribute to the evaluation of the sponsorship of a health-oriented social marketing sponsorship of a sport participation property or sponsee (ParticipACTION) and a major brand as sponsor (Coca-Cola).
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Isatchenko, T. A. "“Common Slavic Booklore: Unity and Diversity” (To the 1000th Anniversary of Repose of Prince Vladimir)." Bibliotekovedenie [Russian Journal of Library Science], no. 2 (April 28, 2015): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2015-0-2-122-125.
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The Russian State Library hosted the Third International Youth Conference “Common Slavic Booklore: Unity and Diversity”, dedicated to the Day of Orthodox Book and to the 1000th anniversary of repose of Prince Vladimir, which was attended by Metropolitan Kliment of Kaluga and Borovsk. On March 12, at the Cathedral of Christ the Savior there was held a meeting of Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Russia with young participants of the conference, students of military boarding schools of Moscow and many fans of the book. The Primate of the Russian Orthodox Church corresponded to the congregation the Pastoral discourse, stressing that the Day of Orthodox Book, being governmentally celebrated each year, has acquired a deep historical understanding: “Books... convey to us information from the past, they are the carriers of some kind of heredity. ... In the best books this code is depicted, and one of such books is „Apostle“”. The conference was the first international youth event of the jubilee year, which, in accordance with the Order of the President of the Russian Federation “On the Events Dedicated to the Memory of the Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Great Prince Vladimir - Christianizer of Russia”, will be held under the sign of the Holy Prince Vladimir.
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San Sebastián, Miguel, Anette Edin-Liljegren, and Frida Jonsson. "Rural–urban differences in suicide attempts and mortality among young people in northern Sweden, 1998–2017: A register-based study." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 48, no. 8 (July 17, 2020): 794–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494820939018.
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Aim: The aim of this study was to assess trends in suicide attempts and mortality between 1998 and 2017 by residential area and gender among northern Swedish youths. Methods: Events of suicide attempts and deaths for each municipality in the four counties of the northern Swedish region, stratified by gender, were retrieved for each year from 1998 to 2017. All cases identified within the registers with the diagnostic codes X60–X84 or Y10–Y34 (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision) for individuals aged 15–24 years were included. Place of residence at municipal level was categorized into three groups: rural – municipalities with a population of <10,000 inhabitants; semi-rural – those between 10,000 and 50,000; and urban – those with >50,000 inhabitants. Results: The rates of attempted suicides in the northern region were higher in both men and women than in Sweden, while the rates of suicide deaths were slightly higher in young men but similar in young women compared to the national averages. Overall, the risk of suicide attempts was higher in semi-rural municipalities compared to urban ones, particularly among women. A significantly higher risk of mortality was also observed for men and women in semi-rural municipalities, but only in the period 2010–2013. Conclusions: The high rates of attempted and completed suicides among youth in northern Sweden and the higher risks in rural and semi-rural municipalities need close attention. The implementation of suicide prevention programs, especially in rural and semi-rural municipalities, should be intensified.
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Azhar, Neng Zulfa. "The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment, Economic Growth, Trade, and Covid-19 on Unemployment: Evidences from MENA." Muslim Business and Economic Review 2, no. 1 (July 6, 2023): 125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.56529/mber.v2i1.111.
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The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of foreign direct investment, economic growth, international trade, Covid-19 pandemic on unemployment rates in six developing Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) countries, as well as members of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), over period 2010 to 2021. Quantitative approaches using panel regression fixed effect model are utilized. According to the findings of this study, all of the variable used include foreign direct investment, economic growth, international trade and the Covid-19 pandemic simultaneously have a substantial impact on unemployment rate in six MENA countries. While partially, foreign direct investment, economic growth and international trade have a strong influence in declining unemployment in six MENA countries, while the Covid-19 pandemic variable has a positive relation and insignificant effect on the unemployment rate which indicates that statistically there is no significant difference of the unemployment rate in the years before and during Covid-19 pandemic. In conclusion, since the MENA countries has experienced a high concentration of unemployment particularly among youth for a long time, the government ought to concentrate more on facilitating skills training support for young people. This will ensure that the young people have added value and are qualified in the sectors and fields offered, particularly in foreign direct investment, allowing the FDI to absorb domestic workers. The youth can so, collectively, escape unemployment and enhance productivity in a country, which will also raise the GDP of the country
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Elgar, Frank J., Peter D. Donnelly, Valerie Michaelson, Geneviève Gariépy, Kira E. Riehm, Sophie D. Walsh, and William Pickett. "Corporal punishment bans and physical fighting in adolescents: an ecological study of 88 countries." BMJ Open 8, no. 9 (September 2018): e021616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021616.
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ObjectiveTo examine the association between corporal punishment bans and youth violence at an international level.DesignEcological study of low-income to high-income 88 countries.SettingSchool-based health surveys of students.Participants403 604 adolescents.InterventionsNational corporal punishment bans.Primary outcome measureAge-standardised prevalence of frequent physical fighting (ie, 4+ episodes in the previous year) for male and female adolescents in each country.ResultsFrequent fighting was more common in males (9.9%, 95% CI 9.1% to 10.7%) than females (2.8%, 95% CI 2.5% to 3.1%) and varied widely between countries, from 0.9% (95% CI 0.8% to 0.9%) in Costa Rican females to 34.8% (95% CI 34.7 to 35.0) in Samoan males. Compared with 20 countries with no ban, the group of 30 countries with full bans (in schools and in the home) experienced 69% the rate of fighting in males and 42% in females. Thirty-eight countries with partial bans (in schools but not in the home) experienced less fighting in females only (56% the rate found in countries without bans).ConclusionsCountry prohibition of corporal punishment is associated with less youth violence. Whether bans precipitated changes in child discipline or reflected a social milieu that inhibits youth violence remains unclear due to the study design and data limitations. However, these results support the hypothesis that societies that prohibit the use of corporal punishment are less violent for youth to grow up in than societies that have not.
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Martin, Shea wesley, and Henry “Cody” Miller. "The Category Is “Pandemic Queer”: Reading, Connecting, and Reimagining Literacy with LGBTQ+ Youth in the Age of COVID-19." Radical Teacher 124 (December 2, 2022): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/rt.2022.1094.
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The COVID-19 pandemic, coupled with the ensuing lockdown and political turmoil, ruptured many young people’s experiences and well-being, particularly students who face additional marginalization due to systemic oppression. A national survey conducted by the Trevor Project (2021) found that nearly 70% of LGBTQ youth noted that their health was “poor” most or all of the time during the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors contributing to this deterioration include LGBTQ youth being isolated from the supportive communities formed at school, lacking access to social services provided by schools, and being quarantined with family members who were unsupportive (Cohen, 2021; Valencia, 2020). These fissures in support and resource structures curtailed potentially affirming and integral education, social, and emotional experiences, particularly for LGBTQ youth who thrived in traditional schooling settings. However, it is also important to note that even prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, many schools were not idealized institutions for LGBTQ youth. K-12 schools, situated in the broader socio-political landscape of the United States, are bastions of homo-, trans-, and queerphobia (Mayo, 2014). Still, many LGBTQ young people employed resilience and ingenuity to create affirming and loving social circles, which were thus interrupted by restrictions, trauma, and isolation during the pandemic. As LGBTQ educators we sought to co-create an online community that could reflect the brilliance and joy of LGBTQ youth during the 2020-2021 school year. Through both our own experiences and the research, we know that LGBTQ youth find ways to construct community through online avenues, even when said avenues are limited and flawed, such as Tumblr (Cavalcante, 2019; Haimson, et al., 2021; Wargo, 2017). Building on our experiences as secondary English language arts teachers, we constructed a national online book club dedicated to reading, analyzing, and celebrating LGBTQ young adult literature with LGBTQ youth. After a summer of planning, we launched the online book club that resulted in over 125 secondary students from across the United States (and some international students) joining us for a year to engage in readings of Abdi Nazemian’s Like a Love Story (2019), Dean Atta’s Black Flamingo (2019), Gabby Rivera’s Juliet Takes a Breath (2016), and Mark Oshiro’s Anger is a Gift (2018). This article details how we structured a community of readers who worked to analyze young adult literature through intersectional and anti-oppressive lenses (Blackburn & Smith, 2010; Durand, 2015; Herman-Wilmarth & Ryan, 2015), deepen their critical consciousness relating to contemporary LGBTQ socio-political topics (Kelly & Currie, 2020), and leveraged social media and online avenues to construct community that expanded the boundaries of school hallways (Lucero, 2017; Mayo, 2014). Collectively, we seek to illustrate how LGBTQ+ communities (and queer pedagogies) can flourish and develop outside the limitations of K-12 institutions.
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Adami, Paolo Emilio, Maria Rosaria Squeo, Filippo Maria Quattrini, Fernando Maria Di Paolo, Cataldo Pisicchio, Barbara Di Giacinto, Erika Lemme, Viviana Maestrini, and Antonio Pelliccia. "Pre-participation health evaluation in adolescent athletes competing at Youth Olympic Games: proposal for a tailored protocol." British Journal of Sports Medicine 53, no. 17 (November 17, 2018): 1111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099651.
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ObjectiveTo promote sports participation in young people, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) introduced the Youth Olympic Games (YOG) in 2007. In 2009, the IOC Consensus Statement was published, which highlighted the value of periodic health evaluation in elite athletes. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of a comprehensive protocol for illness and injury detection, tailored for adolescent athletes participating in Summer or Winter YOG.MethodsBetween 2010 and 2014, a total of 247 unique adolescent elite Italian athletes (53% females), mean age 16±1,0 years, competing in 22 summer or 15 winter sport disciplines, were evaluated through a tailored pre-participation health evaluation protocol, at the Sports Medicine and Science Institute of the Italian Olympic Committee.ResultsIn 30 of the 247 athletes (12%), the pre-participation evaluation led to the final diagnosis of pathological conditions warranting treatment and/or surveillance, including cardiovascular in 11 (4.5%), pulmonary in 11 (4.5%), endocrine in five (2.0%), infectious, neurological and psychiatric disorders in one each (0.4%). Based on National and International Guidelines and Recommendations, none of the athletes was considered at high risk for acute events and all were judged eligible to compete at the YOG. Athletes with abnormal conditions were required to undergo a periodic follow-up.ConclusionsThe Youth Pre-Participation Health Evaluation proved to be effective in identifying a wide range of disorders, allowing prompt treatment, appropriate surveillance and avoidance of potential long-term consequences, in a significant proportion (12%) of adolescent Italian Olympic athletes.
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Silló, Ágota. "International Volunteers as Strangers in Szeklerland." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Social Analysis 8, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aussoc-2018-0001.
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Abstract This paper focuses on volunteer tourism, which is approached as a new phenomenon in a Romanian minority region, i.e. Szeklerland. Volunteer tourism has developed very fast in last decades at international level and mostly in the developed societies. As an alternative tourism form, it is very popular among the youth and gap-year students. Volunteer tourism is a kind of international volunteering which offers opportunity for someone to volunteer and travel at the same time in a foreign country. Volunteer tourism makes possible the meeting and collaboration between local community and international volunteers. As a new phenomenon in the case of Szeklerland, volunteer tourism was started here by a foreign person, originated from England, who has established himself in Miercurea Ciuc, Harghita County, Romania. In this region, this event was regarded as a strange action; here, local volunteering is also a new phenomenon. The communist rule had a negative effect on the developing of volunteer culture in Eastern Europe. Therefore, in the 21st century in Romania, volunteering is still a rare phenomenon. On the other hand, the presence of foreign volunteers in Szeklerland is an unusual phenomenon. Volunteer tourists are those who meet with locals and thereby are more close to the local people to whom these people speak in foreign languages, have foreign looks and cultures. Due to their lack of English language skills, local people and organizations do not know how to connect with them. So, international volunteering or volunteer tourism is that phenomenon which allows to meet different foreign cultures, where the common ground could be a commonly spoken language, i.e. the English.
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Caan, Woody. "Suicide in young people." Journal of Public Mental Health 18, no. 1 (March 18, 2019): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmh-11-2018-0079.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to relate the health services’ prevention imperative to a new priority area, youth suicide. Design/methodology/approach The content is based on the latest UK policy documents and participation in recent events for policy-makers. Findings Suicide among young people is increasing, and traditional approaches are not reducing these deaths. Involving young people as researchers or trainers has been helpful, and policy-makers need to address the present social and cultural risk factors. Research limitations/implications Evidence differs between countries, and a local context may be important. Practical implications In the UK, local profiles are being developed and there is an increasing need identified for relevant training for a wide range of professionals. Social implications The participation of young people in developments may be emancipatory, for all concerned. Originality/value Because this year, young persons’ mental health will be an international priority, this may be the time to galvanise action for improved planning and resources for the prevention of youth suicide.
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Zilinyi, Zsombor, Ágoston Nagy, and Tamás Sterbenz. "Competition Experience, Relative Age Effect and Average Age of the Senior World Events’ Medal-Winning Basketball Players." Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Educatio Artis Gymnasticae 65, no. 3 (December 20, 2020): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbeag.65(3).18.
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"The International Basketball Federation (FIBA) has changed its youth competition system in 2004, and due to this regulation, many players had the chance to compete every year at youth level and later, to elevate to the top. The purpose of our study was to inspect those medal-winning European basketball players who competed in the past 19 senior basketball world events. We analysed the tendencies of selection by dissecting the set-up of successful senior national teams. We investigated each one of the 281 European basketball players who won a medal during the analysed period (2000-2019). We collected data from the archive page of FIBA. Our goal was to see whether there was a relation between the youth competition experience and the minutes spent in senior world events. We used the Cramer Association Coefficient, Relative Age Effect and average age were also inspected. We found that participation in the national youth tournaments is important but not the most exclusive factor of selection. There are opportunities for success in the adult national teams for players who have covered alternative sports careers – the factor of national youth experience is not exclusive. We suppose that head coaches utilize older and more experienced players on the Olympic Games, the average ages of successful Olympic medal-winner teams are higher than other world events’ medallists. Despite the fact that we were not able to find statistically proven and associative relationship between national youth recruitment eligibility and the minutes in game spent by successful adult players, further research could be gap fillers in exploring key factors in adulthood efficiency. Keywords: talent selection, competition experience, FIBA, basketball players, sport career."
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Ryazantsev, S. V., T. K. Rostovskaya, and N. S. Ryazantsev. "Japanese Model of Attracting Foreign Youth in the Higher Education System." Education and science journal 22, no. 9 (November 10, 2020): 148–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2020-9-148-173.
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Introduction. National education and science systems are increasingly integrated into the international scientific and educational space in the context of increasing globalisation. The result of integration processes is an increase in the number of students in the world: if in the 1970s there were about 29 million people in the three-level education system, in 2000 – 100 million, in 2005 – 139 million, in 2010 – 181 million, in 2012 – 196 million. According to the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, the number of such students will grow to 263 million in 2025. In the Russian Federation, 283 000 foreign students (5% of the total number of students) were enrolled in the 2016 / 2017 academic year, and in the United States, about 1 million foreign students were enrolled in the 2014 / 2015 academic year. Given the trends of globalisation of education, Japan was forced to join the struggle for foreign students and the export of educational services. Negative demographic trends such as falling birth rates, an aging population, and a declining youth population are also stimulating the factors in the internationalisation of Japanese universities and the country’s increased participation in the global competition to attract young people to the national higher education system. The aim of the study was to identify the features of the functioning of the model of attracting foreign youth to the higher education system in Japan in the context of worsening problems of population aging and slowing economic growth. This situation is also partly relevant for Russian socio-economic and demographic development. Materials and methods. The article uses statistical data from a number of international organisations (UNESCO, OECD, IOM, World Bank), the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, the Japan Foundation, and public and private universities in Japan. The sociological method was applied. The authors of the article conducted three focus groups on strategies and tools for attracting foreign students to Japan during a research trip in July 2019. Currently, the higher education system in Japan is one of the best not only in the Asia-Pacific region, but throughout the world. Japan has actually become one of the leaders in the world market for educational services; applicants from different countries seek to master the most in-demand specialties. Results. The study revealed that the system of attracting foreign students to Japanese universities is based on the concept of foreign migration policy, that is, on promoting the country’s geopolitical and economic interests in the AsiaPacific Region (APR). Japanese universities teach students from countries that are strategic partners of Japan: China, Vietnam, Nepal, South Korea, Thailand and Taiwan. An important element of the strategy for attracting foreigners is the work of universities, cultural and educational foundations that promote the Japanese language and culture outside of Japan. The Japanese higher education system, despite its historical traditionalism and conservatism, is gradually internationalising and opening up to the world through active access of universities to foreign educational markets and channels for attracting foreign students. Universities, as the main elements of the higher education system, have become the agents of Japan’s foreign policy, focused primarily on the Asia-Pacific countries and its strategic partners. Moreover, the partner countries were chosen not only based on the priorities of Japanese geopolitics and economy, but also on objective demographic indicators (young age structure, large population). The interaction with migration partner countries is supported by real steps on the part of the Japanese authorities: investment, trade, business and cultural contacts. The experience of Japan can be used in Russia to organise work to attract young people to study in higher education institutions from countries that are geopolitical partners, primarily in the former Soviet Union. Scientific novelty. The features of the functioning of the model of attracting foreign youth to the higher education system in Japan in the context of worsening problems of population aging and slowing economic growth are revealed. Practical significance lies in the possibility of further practical application of the results of the current research on the features of the Japanese model of attracting foreign youth to the higher education system.
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Januzovic, Aleksandra, Radoica Jokic, Jelena Antic, Aleksandar Komarcevic, Svetlana Bukarica, and Ivana Lukic. "Evaluation of the age at orchiopexy." Medical review 72, no. 1-2 (2019): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1902034j.
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Introduction. Undescended testis is the most common congenital anomaly of the male urogenital tract. The main issues associated with this condition are decreased fertility and an increased risk for testicular cancer, which are minimized if early orchiopexy is performed. The objective of this study is to evaluate the age at orchiopexy at the Institute of Child and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina and to compare it to international guidelines (American Urological Association, Canadian Urological Association and European Association of Urology). Material and Methods. A retrospective study included 457 patients operated on between 2010 and 2015. The recorded data were analyzed by Microsoft Excel Office 365 using means, medians, minimums, maximums and standard deviations where appropriate. The patient age and current recommendations for timing of orchiopexy were analyzed as well. Results. The mean age at orchiopexy was 69.47 months, and the median age was 64 months. Considering each year separately, no significant differences between mean and median age at orchiopexy were found. The percentage of orchiopexies performed before 24 months was 29% and 5% were performed before 12 months of age. The mean age at orchiopexy was 51.47 months later than recommended by current international guidelines. Conclusion. This study confirmed that the age at orchiopexy in our sample was significantly delayed than recommended. It is necessary for all medical practitioners involved in child health care to share new information, trends and diagnostic-therapeutic algorithms about undescended testis and consequences of late treatment.
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Kirton, John, and Marina Larionova. "The First Fifteen Years of the BRICS." International Organisations Research Journal 17, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 7–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1996-7845-2022-02-01.
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At the first BRIC(S) summit in 2009, leaders of the major emerging market countries (Brazil, Russia, India, and China) from different continents committed to build a democratic and transparent economic architecture, support the efforts of the Group of 20 (G20) to reform the international financial institutions, restore growth, and deepen intra-group cooperation. Since then, views expressed in the literature on BRICS (expanded to include South Africa in 2010) have ranged from the harsh dismissal of BRICS as a meaningless investment banker’s acronym to its identification as a new power centre with a profound impact on the global economic order. The authors offer an updated, systematic assessment of BRICS’ evolving institutional dynamics, performance, and contribution to cooperation among its members, and to global governance as a whole. Using qualitative and quantitative methods, they identify the major achievements of each of the BRICS’ 13 annual summits through the three five-year hosting cycles, the leaders’ agreements on 933 collective commitments, and their countries’ compliance with them at a level of 77% overall. Further, they highlight the expansion of the group’s agenda into 34 subjects, the process of building the intra-BRICS institutions with the New Development Bank (NDB) as its hallmark, and its extensive second track networks including Business, Think Tanks and Academic, Trade Unions, Parliamentarian, Youth and Civil BRICS. In its first 15 years, BRICS expanded and sustained its institutional dynamics, depth, and performance despite external and domestic challenges, tensions between the members, and the unprecedented tests of the COVID19 pandemic and the ensuing socio-economic crises since 2020. Established as a dialogue and policy coordination forum, it matured into a transregional governance institution with a comprehensive political-security, socio-economic, and people-to-people agenda. Its dense institutional networks, flexibility, continuity, and foundational principle of moving forward only on issues acceptable to all members were vital factors for BRICS’ resilience and evolution. Although broadening its agenda inhibited deepening cooperation, there was considerable continuity across the annual presidencies. Progress on intra-BRICS cooperation was more tangible than that on international architecture reform, despite the group’s unwavering commitment to an equitable international order. Its consensus-based working methods sometimes constrained the group’s leadership. However, BRICS proved its value as a platform for facilitating its members’ bilateral relations and convergence in approaches, promoting their role in global governance, and advancing a more inclusive, representative, and effective international institutional system.
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Koprivnikar, Helena, and Tina Zupanic. "The use of different tobacco and related products, with and without flavours, among 15-year-olds in Slovenia." Slovenian Journal of Public Health 56, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjph-2017-0010.
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Abstract Background Different tobacco and related products, like waterpipe, e-cigarettes, are gaining popularity among adolescents in different countries; the data for Slovenia is currently limited. The purpose of this paper is to present the latest data on the use of different tobacco and related products, with or without flavours, among 15-year old students in Slovenia. Methods Data for 15-year-old students were drawn from 2014 Slovene database of the cross-national survey Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children. The survey sample was selected with stratified two-stage sampling method. The survey was performed in schools with a self-administered web questionnaire. The survey questionnaire included international compulsory, selected optional and national questions, all on a variety of topics related to youth health behaviour. Results 25.2% of 15-year-old students reported current (past 30-day) use of any tobacco related product, mainly cigarettes (93.1% of users), followed by waterpipe (11.7%) and cigars, cigarillos and pipes (9.4%). Exclusive use of unconventional products is low (5.1% of users). 85.5% of users of any product used one product, 48.5% of users used products with flavours. The use of different products, one or more products, and flavoured products was related to gender. Conclusion A comprehensive tobacco control and prevention must address all tobacco and related products.
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Stevely, Abigail K., Laura A. Gray, Hannah Fairbrother, Laura Fenton, Madeleine Henney, Inge Kersbergen, and John Holmes. "A latent class analysis of international change and continuity in adolescent health and wellbeing: A repeat cross-sectional study." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (June 11, 2024): e0305124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305124.
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Background Since the early 2000s, there have been marked trends in adolescent health and wellbeing indicators across Europe, North America and Australia. In particular, there have been substantial declines in youth drinking. We know little about how these trends are underpinned by co-occurring indicators within individuals. This paper aims to analyse change over time in how indicators cluster within individuals and differences in these patterns between five countries with different trends in youth drinking. Methods We analysed four waves of repeat cross-sectional survey data from 15-year-olds in England (n = 5942), Italy (n = 5234), the Netherlands (n = 5408), Hungary (n = 5274), and Finland (n = 7446), which were included in the Health Behaviours in School-aged Children (HBSC) study between 2001/02 and 2013/14. We defined clusters of individuals using multigroup latent class analyses which accounts for change over time. The class indicators included health behaviours, attitudes, wellbeing and relationships. We modelled associations between class membership, sex, and family affluence over time. Results We identified four classes in all countries: Overall unhealthy, Overall healthy, Moderately healthy and Substance abstainers with behaviour risk indicators. The proportion of adolescents in the Overall unhealthy class declined between 2001/02 and 2013/14 by between 22.8 percentage points (pp) in England and 3.2pp in Italy. The extent to which indicators of health and wellbeing changed as linked clusters differed across countries, but changes in alcohol consumption, smoking, drug use and sexual activity were typically concurrent. Adolescents with low family affluence were more likely to be in the Overall unhealthy class in all years. Conclusions Improvements in indicators of adolescent health and well-being are due mainly to concurrent declines in drinking, smoking, sexual activity, and cannabis use, but these declines are not consistently associated with improvements in other domains. They have also not led to reductions in inequalities in indicators of health and well-being.
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De Raedt, Thérèse. "Braving the Atlantic waves." Crossings: Journal of Migration & Culture 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 315–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/cjmc_00034_1.
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This article discusses three films that focus on migrants who departed from the Senegalese Cape Verde peninsula, braving the Atlantic in dugout boats (pirogues), in order to reach the Canary Islands. The year 2006 saw a phenomenal rise in migrants arriving undocumented at this key point of entry to Europe. Directors Idrissa Guiro, Moussa Sène Absa and Moussa Touré saw it as their mission to respond to this urgent humanitarian crisis by humanizing the all-too-common reality of failed migration. They use testimonies and autofictional narratives in order to give a voice to migrants and, in so doing, to influence public and political opinion. Guiro’s documentary film Barça ou Barzakh (2007) appears to be intended for a western audience and focuses especially on the socio-economic conditions that drive migration. Absa’s docufiction Yoolé (The Sacrifice) (2010), referring to Senegalese youth, is overtly political and targets Senegalese people as its primary audience. Touré’s fictional film La Pirogue (2012) tries to appeal to a wider national and international audience by compiling testimonies of would-be migrants and staging their attempted sea crossing. Detailed analyses of certain sequences reveal how words, images and music combine to convey the directors’ political and aesthetic goals.
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Greenhalgh, Susan. "The Evolution of the One-child Policy in Shaanxi, 1979–88." China Quarterly 122 (June 1990): 191–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000008766.
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A crucial element in China's modernization effort is the control of population growth. Months before the historic Third Plenum of the 11th Communist Party Congress in December 1978, the leadership decided that only a drastic limitation of fertility would ensure achievement of its economic goals for the year 2000. The policy to encourage all couples to limit themselves to one child was announced in January 1979. In September 1980 the Party Central Committee took the unusual step of publishing an “Open Letter” announcing a drastic programme of 20 to 30 years’ duration to restrict population growth, and calling on all Party and Youth League members to take the lead in having only one child. Thus was launched the world's most ambitious family-planning programme.
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Moreau, Nicole. "Preface." Pure and Applied Chemistry 83, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): iv. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac20118301iv.
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This issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry (PAC) is special for several reasons. It is an opportunity for IUPAC to celebrate the inauguration of the International Year of Chemistry 2011 (IYC 2011), so the content departs from the usual conference papers, technical reports, or recommendations, in favor of a collection of articles by past winners of the IUPAC Prize for Young Chemists, from inception of this annual competition in 2000 up to 2009.1 This Prize was created “to encourage outstanding young research scientists at the beginning of their careers”, and has richly fulfilled its founding objectives to recognize young talent, with the award of no less than 46 prizes over the years and honorable mention of many competitors whose excellent contributions did not receive the highest accolade.The declared goals of IYC 2011 are to “increase public appreciation of chemistry in meeting world needs, to encourage an interest in chemistry among young people, and to generate enthusiasm for the creative future of chemistry”. By happy coincidence, 2011 is the 100th anniversary of the Nobel Prize awarded to Marie Curie, and is thus also an opportunity to celebrate the contributions of women to science, and recognize the ongoing challenge of ensuring equal opportunity for all in career development. Most importantly, Marie Curie is an inspirational role model, not only to women but to all young students, and it is altogether fitting that the coming generation of scientists should be closely identified with IYC 2011, since enthusiasm is a defining characteristic of youth.IUPAC recognizes and wholeheartedly undertakes its duty to encourage and support young scientists throughout the world. As a global, scientific, nongovernmental organization, it contributes in a variety of distinctive ways to inspiring and helping young scientists to study and embark upon careers in chemistry. The Prize for Young Chemists is merely one such regular activity which, apart from monetary reward, enables recipients to attend an IUPAC Congress and the opportunity to showcase their achievements in an annual PAC Special Topic collection of invited, peer-reviewed articles, which has generated an outstanding published record since 2002.2In a more recent initiative commencing 2008, IUPAC has allocated a grant to enable economically disadvantaged countries to participate in the annual International Chemistry Olympiad. More generally, IUPAC operates a Financial Support for Conferences program to promote opportunities for young scientists and advanced students, particularly from scientifically emerging regions, to attend selected international conferences. The Young Ambassadors for Chemistry program was established as a partnership between the IUPAC Committee on Chemistry Education and Science Across the World, to facilitate interaction with teachers and students to increase public appreciation for and understanding of chemistry.An important feature of ongoing IUPAC strategy is to familiarize younger scientists with Union activities, and attendant opportunities for service to the international community. The Affiliate Membership Program was established in the 1980s to encourage individuals with an interest in IUPAC activities to sustain a direct relationship with the Union. Additional incentives to developing and economically disadvantaged countries include certain numbers of free affiliate memberships for young chemists. In a complementary initiative, the Young Observers Program sponsors young scientists to attend IUPAC General Assemblies and to participate as observers in selected activities and deliberations by invitation.The passage of IYC 2011 will be marked by a rich international program of activities, in which IUPAC features prominently in three cornerstone events, namely, the formal launch and closing, and the 43rd IUPAC Congress. The latter event will take place in San Juan, Puerto Rico on 30 July to 7 August 2011,3 and offers additional incentives for young scientists to attend and participate in a unique international celebration of chemistry.4 The winners of the 2010 and 2011 Prize for Young Chemists will attend as active delegates, and the award ceremony will have special significance in perpetuating a tradition that recognizes the hand of youth in shaping the future of chemistry.This issue of PAC pays its own tribute to the many brilliant young scientists who have been recognized by the Prize for Young Chemists jury over the past 10 years. We are grateful to those who accepted the invitation to contribute to this special collection, fittingly subtitled “Perspectives and Challenges for the International Year of Chemistry”. It is hoped that the contents will inspire and enthuse readers with fascinating insights into new and emerging aspects of chemical sciences. I am very honored to have had the opportunity to write this Preface, and thereby to congratulate all prize winners, past and present, and wish them fulfilling and successful careers, driven by enthusiasm and belief in the great future of our discipline.Nicole MoreauIUPAC President1 The works of the 2010 winners feature in the December 2010 issue of PAC, http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/82/12/.2 The full archival record of the Young Chemists’ Prize Collections can be accessed at http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/special/.3 Consult http://www.iupac2011.org/ for details about the 43rd IUPAC Congress.4 Details of award programs targeted to encourage young chemist’s participation at the 43rd IUPAC Congress in Puerto Rico are available at http://www.iupac.org/web/nt/2010-11-05_43_Congress.
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Satyanarayana, Labani, Smita Asthana, Sumedha Mohan, and Gourav Popli. "Tobacco Cessation in India." Indian Journal of Community Health 29, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 142–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2017.v29i02.002.
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Tobacco use is the most common cause of non-communicable disease related morbidity and mortality worldwide despite being preventable. Almost fifty percent or more than seven million tobacco users get killed each year and about 13 percent of them are non-smokers being exposed to second hand smoke (1). According to the recent National family health survey (NFHS-4) study for the year 2015-16, there were 38.9% men who use any kind of tobacco in urban while 48% in rural areas of India. On the other hand, 4.4% of women in urban and 8.1% in rural use any kind of tobacco. Prevalence of tobacco use in the ages of 13-15 among boys was 19% and girls 8.3 % according to global youth tobacco survey of 2009. The tobacco dependence was considered as disease by the international classification of diseases (ICD 10). Proportion of tobacco related cancers in comparison to all other cancers were reported to be as high as 25% in men and 18% in women (2).
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Gormley, William T. "Pitiful Plaintiffs: Child Welfare Litigation and the Federal Courts. By Susan Gluck Mezey. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000. 209p. $45.00 cloth, $19.95 paper." American Political Science Review 95, no. 1 (March 2001): 216–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055401392018.
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In 1988 the American Civil Liberties Union filed a class action lawsuit against the Illinois Department of Children and Family Services (DCFS), on behalf of B. H., a 17-year- old youth in foster care, and nearly 20,000 other children forced to live outside their home because of abuse and neglect. Attorneys accused the DCFS, responsible for pro- tecting and placing such children, with violations of Illinois statutes and the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. B. H., for example, had been placed in ten different settings despite clear evidence that children require continuity of care for their emotional growth.
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Sari, Eka Fitri Novita, Nofi Marlina Siregar, and Dinan Mitsalina. "Validity Test of the Locomotor Learning Model in Children Aged 6-8 Years." JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini 17, no. 2 (November 30, 2023): 284–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpud.172.07.
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The locomotor learning model for early childhood developed in Indonesia is still not innovative. Therefore, researchers intend to develop an innovative locomotion learning model. This research aims to obtain the validity of the locomotor movement learning model to improve locomotor movement in children aged 6-8 years. The validation data collection method used Focus Group Discussion (FGD) by 5 experts. The validity of the learning model is assessed based on content and construct validity. The content and construct validation results through expert FGDs show that the locomotor learning model for children aged 6-8 years is included in the very valid category. These findings suggest that, theoretically, it is sound and may be used to help kids between the ages of six and eight develop their locomotor skills. Researchers' locomotor movement learning model offers tremendous potential for academics and practitioners to conduct more studies based on its construct validity and content results. One area that warrants further investigation is the applicability and efficacy of the locomotor movement learning model for 6–8-year-old children.
Keywords: locomotor learning model, Children 6-8 years
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Giorguli Saucedo, Silvia E., Eunice D. Vargas Valle, Viviana Salinas Ulloa, Celia Hubert, and Joseph E. Potter. "La dinámica demográfica y la desigualdad educativa en México / Demographic Dynamics and Educational Inequality in Mexico." Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24201/edu.v25i1.1366.
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En este trabajo se presenta una investigación sobre el vínculo entre los procesos educativos y la dinámica demográfica en México. La tradición del pensamiento sobre población y desarrollo ha partido de la hipótesis de que el ritmo de crecimiento poblacional, el tamaño de las familias y la migración influyen sobre la acumulación de capital humano entre la población en edades escolares. Se explora aquí la relación del desempeño educativo de los jóvenes entre 14 y 23 años y la razón de dependencia juvenil, la fecundidad adolescente y la migración interna e internacional; para ello se utilizan datos agregados a escala municipal del año 2000. El análisis incluye indicadores de la oferta educativa municipal basados en estadísticas administrativas de la SEP. AbstractThis paper seeks to explore the link between educational processes and Mexico’s demographic dynamic. In the tradition of thought on population and development, it has been hypothesized that the population growth rate, family size and migration influence the accumulation of human capital among the school-age population. This study explores the link between the academic performance of youth between the age of 14 and 23 and the youth dependency ratio, teenage fertility and internal and international migration, using data aggregated at the municipal level for the year 2000. The analysis uses indicators on the educational supply at the municipal level based on the administrative statistics of the Public Education Secretariat (SEP).
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Dedic, Gordana, and Srdjan Dedic. "Gender differences in suicide in Serbia within the period 2011-2015." Vojnosanitetski pregled 75, no. 12 (2018): 1165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp161127051d.
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Background/Aim. The World Health Organisation (WHO) estrimates that approximately 1,000,000 people die by suicide every year. The aim of this study was to examine the gender differences in cases of committed suicides, including suicide rates, socio-demographic factors and methods of suicide in Serbia within the period 2011?2015. This investigation is continuing the previous investigation from the period 2006?2010. Methods. Data were obtained from the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Their classification related to the suicide method was carried out on the basis of International Classification of Diseases-Tenth Revions- Clinical Modification (ICD-X-CM) (WHO 1992). Statistical analysis was done by using the crude number of committed suicide. Results. Within the period 2011?2015, the total number of suicides in Serbia was 5,897, of which 74.56% were males and 25.44% females (male to female suicide ratio was 2.93). Annual suicide rate (per 100,000) showed constantly decreased from 2011 to 2015, and in 2015 it was 15. Male/female suicide ratio was the highest among adolescents and decreased with age. The suicide was the most often committed by married males (47.6%) and widowed females (38.86%) with completed high school, retired, Serbs. About a quarter (23.38%) suicide committers were older than 75 years, and 39.39% were older than 65 years. The most common suicide method males (64.63%) and females (59.00%) used was hanging, strangulation and suffocation. The second most common method males used was by firearm (18.96%) and females by poisoning (16.73%). Conclusions. Suicide Prevention Programme in Serbia should be primarily oriented towards two age groups at highest risk to commit suicide, towards the adolescents whose suicide was on the rise and towards the elderly male population, less ready to refer to the doctors for help because of problems related to their mental health. With the aim to suicide prevention, doctors should become familiar with community, state and national resources that are concerned with youth and elderly populations, including mental health institutions, family and crisis intervention centers.
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Myśliwiec, Andrzej, and Mariusz Damentko. "Global Initiative of the Special Olympics Movement for People with Intellectual Disabilities." Journal of Human Kinetics 45, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2015-0026.
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Abstract The mission of the Special Olympics is to provide year-round sports training and competition in a variety (33) of Olympic-type sports for children and adults with intellectual disabilities, giving them continuing opportunities to develop physical fitness, demonstrate courage, experience joy, and participate in sharing of gifts and friendship with their families, other athletes, and their communities. The Special Olympics movement often goes beyond the sports competition formula. During the last few years, the movement has developed many new global initiatives, which expand its former sports activities. They include: 1. Coaching excellence and the coaching model 2. Partnerships with international (regional) sports federations 3. Sports Resources Teams (SRT) 4. Extended quota for high level athletes 5. Athletes Leadership Program (ALPS) 6. Young Athletes Program 7. Youth volunteer initiatives 8. Unified Sports Program 9. Motor Activity Training Program 10. Healthy Athletes Program These initiatives fulfill and expand the existing program, which was launched in 1968 and is the largest sports organization for people with disabilities worldwide, with very important new social, marketing, and developmental aspects of life, going far beyond activities met in other sports organizations.
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Campos, Fábio A. D., Ídico L. Pellegrinotti, Leandra C. B. Campos, Tiago M. R. Dias, and Miguel-Ángel Gómez. "Relative Age Effect in the Girls’ Volleyball U18 World Championship." Journal of Human Kinetics 72, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2019-0106.
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AbstractThe relative age effect (RAE), within the sporting scope, refers to the possible advantages of participation and performance of athletes born in the first months of the year of selection in relation to others within the same age category. The aim of the present study was to investigate the RAE in girls’ volleyball players participating in the U-18 World Championship, analysing the differences between the medal teams and other teams in the tournament, and considering this phenomenon in relation to the continents. Data collection was obtained from the website of the International Volleyball Federation with a sample made of 1654 youth players in the last six world championships (2007, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2017). A greater representation of athletes born in the first months of the year of all the world championships was observed. In the comparison among the continents, it was observed that in Africa, there was a more equal distribution of quartiles compared to America, Asia and Europe. It should be noted that there was a higher percentage of medalist athletes born at the beginning of the year in comparison to the countries that placed in the last three positions of the championship. Therefore, in U-18 female volleyball, there is an advantage to have the closest birth age at the beginning of the competitive biennium.
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Duarte Gómez, Elizabeth, Gabriel Andrew Gregory, Miriam Castrati Nostas, Angela Christine Middlehurst, Alicia Josephine Jenkins, and Graham David Ogle. "Incidence and Mortality Rates and Clinical Characteristics of Type 1 Diabetes among Children and Young Adults in Cochabamba, Bolivia." Journal of Diabetes Research 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8454757.
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Objectives. To determine incidence, mortality, and clinical status of youth with diabetes at the Centro Vivir con Diabetes, Cochabamba, Bolivia, with support from International Diabetes Federation Life for a Child Program.Methods. Incidence/mortality data analysis of all cases (<25 year (y)) diagnosed January 2005–February 2017 and cross-sectional data (December 2015).Results. Over 12.2 years, 144 cases with type 1 diabetes (T1D) were diagnosed; 43.1% were male. Diagnosis age was 0.3–22.2 y; peak was 11-12 y. 11.1% were <5 y; 29.2%, 5–<10 y; 43.1%, 10–<15 y; 13.2%, 15–<20 y; and 3.5%, 20–<25 y. The youngest is being investigated for monogenic diabetes. Measured incidence in Cercado Province (Cochabamba Department) was 2.2/100,000 children < 15 y/y, with ≈80% ascertainment, giving total incidence of 2.7/100,000 children < 15 y/y. Two had died. Crude mortality rate was 2.3/1000 patient years. Clinical data on 141 cases <35 y: mean/median HbA1c was 8.5/8.2% (69/62 mmol/mol), levels higher in adolescents. Three were on renal replacement therapy; four others had substantial renal impairment. Elevated BMI, triglycerides, and cholesterol were common: 19.1%, 18.3%, and 39.1%, respectively.Conclusions. Bolivia has low T1D incidence. Reasonable glycemic control is being achieved despite limited resources; however, some have serious complications and adverse cardiovascular risk factor profiles. Further attention is needed for complications.
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Detchev, I., U. Kanjir, S. R. Reyes, H. Miyazaki, and A. F. Aktas. "LATEST DEVELOPMENTS OF THE ISPRS STUDENT CONSORTIUM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B6 (June 17, 2016): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b6-79-2016.
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The International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS) Student Consortium (SC) is a network for young professionals studying or working within the fields of photogrammetry, remote sensing, Geographical Information Systems (GIS), and other related geo-spatial sciences. The main goal of the network is to provide means for information exchange for its young members and thus help promote and integrate youth into the ISPRS. Over the past four years the Student Consortium has successfully continued to fulfil its mission in both formal and informal ways. The formal means of communication of the SC are its website, newsletter, e-mail announcements and summer schools, while its informal ones are multiple social media outlets and various social activities during student related events. The newsletter is published every three to four months and provides both technical and experiential content relevant for the young people in the ISPRS. The SC has been in charge or at least has helped with organizing one or more summer schools every year. The organization's e-mail list has over 1,100 subscribers, its website hosts over 1,300 members from 100 countries across the entire globe, and its public Facebook group currently has over 4,500 joined visitors, who connect among one another and share information relevant for their professional careers. These numbers show that the Student Consortium has grown into a significant online-united community. The paper will present the organization’s on-going and past activities for the last four years, its current priorities and a strategic plan and aspirations for the future four-year period.
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Detchev, I., U. Kanjir, S. R. Reyes, H. Miyazaki, and A. F. Aktas. "LATEST DEVELOPMENTS OF THE ISPRS STUDENT CONSORTIUM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B6 (June 17, 2016): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b6-79-2016.
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The International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS) Student Consortium (SC) is a network for young professionals studying or working within the fields of photogrammetry, remote sensing, Geographical Information Systems (GIS), and other related geo-spatial sciences. The main goal of the network is to provide means for information exchange for its young members and thus help promote and integrate youth into the ISPRS. Over the past four years the Student Consortium has successfully continued to fulfil its mission in both formal and informal ways. The formal means of communication of the SC are its website, newsletter, e-mail announcements and summer schools, while its informal ones are multiple social media outlets and various social activities during student related events. The newsletter is published every three to four months and provides both technical and experiential content relevant for the young people in the ISPRS. The SC has been in charge or at least has helped with organizing one or more summer schools every year. The organization's e-mail list has over 1,100 subscribers, its website hosts over 1,300 members from 100 countries across the entire globe, and its public Facebook group currently has over 4,500 joined visitors, who connect among one another and share information relevant for their professional careers. These numbers show that the Student Consortium has grown into a significant online-united community. The paper will present the organization’s on-going and past activities for the last four years, its current priorities and a strategic plan and aspirations for the future four-year period.
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Cunningham, Barbara Jane, Karla N. Washington, Amanda Binns, Katelyn Rolfe, Bernadette Robertson, and Peter Rosenbaum. "Current Methods of Evaluating Speech-Language Outcomes for Preschoolers With Communication Disorders: A Scoping Review Using the ICF-CY." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 60, no. 2 (February 2017): 447–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2016_jslhr-l-15-0329.
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Purpose The purpose of this scoping review was to identify current measures used to evaluate speech-language outcomes for preschoolers with communication disorders within the framework of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health–Children and Youth Version (ICF-CY; World Health Organization, 2007). Method The review involved 5 phases outlined by Arksey and O'Malley (2005) and further developed by Levac, Colquhoun, and O'Brien (2010): (a) articulating the research question; (b) identifying relevant studies; (c) selecting studies; (d) charting the data; and (e) collating, summarizing, and reporting the results. The ICF-CY was used to frame the measures included. Results A total of 214 relevant peer-reviewed publications were included in the review. Most publications used measures to evaluate changes in outcomes for Activities (65%), followed by measures evaluating changes in Body Functions (20%), and finally measures evaluating changes at the level of Participation (15%). There has been a slight increase in the evaluation of Participation-based outcomes in the past 4 years (2012–2015). Conclusion The review revealed a dearth of measures in the pediatric speech-language literature that address Participation-based outcomes. The authors strongly advocate for the use of Participation-based outcome measures to detect meaningful change in the lives of children and families.
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Trigunayat, Anil. "India in the Libyan Conundrum." Contemporary Review of the Middle East 6, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2347798918812290.
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Libya after 42 years of Gaddafi’s autocratic and “Green Book” driven rule was hankering for some kind of liberation and the youth wanted to freely fly . Hence when the so called ‘Arab Spring” happened in 2010 Libyans were willing to see a better change and create a “New Libya” of their dreams . Gaddafi was unpopular with the Arab and western leaders because of his independent occasional waywardness in the international discourse which was not palatable to the global and regional powers that were calling the shots in the UN and outside. Hence an engineered revolution supported by external military intervention aimed at removal of Gaddafi ensued but without any plan for the future because of which the seeds of current disastrous developments were implanted. All this became known in a few years thereafter and Libyan’s continued instability follows on. As for India which had good relations with Libya all through did not support the military intervention at the UNSC hence it was on the wrong side of the manufactured history and revolution and paid the price as popular dissatisfaction with India’s approach became visible in day to day discourse especially at the popular level. To correct the skewed perception was the immediate task of the new Ambassador and to secure India’s commercial interests the next despite the fluid security situation. Unfortunately the “New Libya” dream of common Libyans shattered in no time.
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Quijano-Caballero, Christina. "International Youth Year." World Leisure & Recreation 36, no. 1 (March 1994): 31–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10261133.1994.9673902.
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Lam, Ching, Madison Milne-Ives, Michelle Helena Van Velthoven, and Edward Meinert. "Internet of Things–Enabled Technologies for Weight Management in Children and Adolescents: Protocol for a Systematic Review." JMIR Research Protocols 9, no. 3 (March 31, 2020): e16930. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/16930.
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Background Childhood obesity is a serious global issue, leading to increased medical spending on obesity-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. There is a need for health care services that link health behavior to risk factors, such as diet and physical activity, and that provide better advice and feedback to users, which Internet of Things–enabled technologies could facilitate. Objective The objective of the systematic review will be to identify available Internet of Things–enabled technologies for weight management of children and adolescents (users younger than 18 years). It will also aim to understand the use, effectiveness, and feasibility of these technologies. Methods We will search the Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest Central, and IEEE Xplore Digital Library databases for studies published after 2010, using a combination of keywords and subject headings related to health activity tracking, youth, and Internet of Things. In addition, a Google search to identify grey literature will be conducted. Two authors will independently screen the titles and abstracts identified from the search and accept or reject the studies according to the study inclusion criteria. Any discrepancies will then be discussed and resolved. The quality of the included studies will be assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklists. Data from included studies will be extracted into a predesigned form to identify the types of devices or apps, Internet of Things applications, and health outcomes related to weight management. Results A preliminary search on Medline returned 484 results. The publication of the final systematic review is expected in mid-2020. Conclusions The effectiveness and feasibility of physical activity trackers and consumer wearables for different patient groups have been well reviewed, but there are currently no published reviews that look into these technologies in the wider Internet of Things context. This review aims to address this gap by examining Internet of Things–enabled technologies that are designed for youth weight management and thus inform further research and clinical studies to reduce childhood obesity. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/16930
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Okuda, Tomoyo. "Language tests and neoliberalism in “global human resource” development: A case of Japanese Universities." Applied Linguistics Review 10, no. 4 (November 26, 2019): 539–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2017-0106.
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AbstractThis study looks into the increasing emphasis on the use of language tests for global workplace preparation in Japan. It presents particular usages of English language tests in higher education curricula designed to foster “Global Human Resources” (GHRs), a special global workforce with high levels of English proficiency deemed necessary by the Japanese government. Focusing on a government-initiated five-year funding program, “The Project for Promotion of Global Human Resources”, government documents and the project planning sheets of 11 universities are analyzed to trace how language tests act as a form of governmentality (Foucault. 2007 [1977]. Security, territory, population: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1977–1978 (Trans. by Graham Burchell). New York: Palgrave Macmillan) to maximize the number of GHRs. I describe how language tests are used to portray a reality about the lack of English proficiency among Japanese youth, how they work as a powerful accountability measure for universities, and how these tests are incorporated into language education curricula with the goal of increasing students’ language capital. Three functions of language tests are then identified in the universities’ proposed curricula: motivating, categorizing, and prioritizing through testing. These governing techniques represent how language tests can work to promote neoliberal forms of international education that instrumentalize language learning, stimulate inequitable competition, and (un)reward certain global subjectivities.
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Efimenko, V. "Аstronomical observatory of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv in 2018." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Astronomy, no. 59 (2019): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/btsnua.2019.59.48-51.
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At the beginning of 2017, 53 workers worked in the State Astronomical Observatory, of which 28 were scientists, including 6 doctors of sciences and 17 candidates of sciences. The structure of the observatory includes the sector astrometry and the small bodies of the solar system (the head of the sector is Kleshchonok V.V., Ph.D), the department of astrophysics (the head of the department is professor Zhdanov V.I., doctor of Science) and 2 observation stations (Lisnyky, Pylypovychi). During the year budget topics were carried out: “Fundamental physics and models of high-energy astrophysical phenomena”, scientific leader professor Zhdanov V.I., doctor of Science; “Cosmic factors of terrestrial cataclysms: observation, analysis, informatization”, scientific leader Rosenbush V.K., doctor of Science. Young scientists of the Observatory won the competition for financing the youth theme “Multi-wave research of cosmic sources of gamma radiation in the framework of the STA project”, scientific leader Ponomarenko V.O., Ph.D. Main scientific results. The potential source of the triplet of cosmic rays with energies above 1020 eV – magnetar SGR 1900 + 14 is found. The possible manifestations of the acceleration of the cosmic rays by the remnant of the Nebula, in which the magnetar SGR 1900 + 14 was born, was investigated. In order to monitor potentially dangerous bodies of the solar system at the observatory station (Lisnyky) 3323 observations were received from 70 comets and 103 asteroids, 3 new asteroids (2017 ST39, 2017 SV39, 2017 TS7) were officially confirmed by the International Center for Small Planets. In 2017, the staff of the Observatory published 4 monographs, 81 scientific articles, 36 of them in foreign publications; 78 reports have been made at 12 conferences.
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Ronsley, Rebecca, David Scott, William P. Warburton, Ramsay D. Hamdi, Dianna Clare Louie, Jana Davidson, and Constadina Panagiotopoulos. "A Population-Based Study of Antipsychotic Prescription Trends in Children and Adolescents in British Columbia, from 1996 to 2011." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 58, no. 6 (June 2013): 361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674371305800608.
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Objectives: To establish prevalence rates of antipsychotic (AP) prescriptions for children 18 years of age or younger in British Columbia (BC) from 1996 to 2011 by age, sex, AP type, and primary diagnosis; and to identify the predominant AP prescribers for children by specialty training. Methods: BC Ministry of Health administrative data were used to describe AP prescriptions for youth aged 18 years or younger. Comparisons were made using population prevalence based on sex; age group; AP; International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, diagnosis; and prescriber specialty. Results: From 1996 to 2011, overall AP (both first and second generation) prescription prevalence rate increased 3.8-fold (1.66 to 6.37 per 1000 population); second-generation AP (SGA) prescriptions increased 18.1-fold (0.33 to 5.98 per 1000 population). The highest increase in all AP prescriptions occurred in males aged 13 to 18 years (3.3 to 14.4 per 1000 population; 4.4-fold), followed by similar increases in males aged 6 to 12 years (2.3 to 8.6 per 1000 population; 3.7-fold) and in females aged 13 to 18 years (2.8 to 10.7 per 1000 population; 3.8-fold). Overall, the 3 most common diagnoses associated with all AP prescriptions were depressive disorders (12.8%), hyperkinetic syndrome of childhood (11.7%), and neurotic disorders (11.1%); however, variation was observed by prescriber specialty training. Among all new AP prescriptions in 2010/11, 38.6%, 34.3%, and 15.6% were provided by psychiatrists, family physicians, and pediatricians, respectively. Conclusions: There has been an exponential rise in SGA prescriptions in BC secondary to extensive off-label use, not only by psychiatrists but also by family physicians and pediatricians. Knowledge translation initiatives promoting evidence-based prescribing and monitoring practices related to SGA treatment need to target all 3 prescriber groups and be tailored for age subgroups.
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Deeb, Asma. "Fifth ASPED/ISPAD Diabetes Academy Proceedings, 11th-13th April 2019, Muscat, Oman." Diabetes and Islet Biology 2, no. 1 (January 12, 2019): 01–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2641-8975/011.
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The 5th ASPED-ISPAD Diabetes Academy is an initiative by the Arab Society of Pediatric Endocrinology (ASPED) in collaboration with International Society of Pediatric and Adolescence Diabetes (ISPAD) and is exclusively sponsored by Lilly, Gulf, and UAE. The 5th ASPED/ISPAD Diabetes academy was held on 11-13 April, 2019 in Muscat, Oman. The course was accredited with 12 CME hours, by the Omani Pediatric Society. It targets young healthcare professionals in the field of pediatric endocrinology and diabetes with a primary focus on actively supporting training and education in the region. An expert faculty panel from both ISPAD and ASPED from 11 different countries selected candidates following a competitive enrollment process, announced on each organizations respective websites. This year 67 candidates were accepted (out of 117 applicants) from 15 countries. The curriculum is delivered in three main formats; plenary, workshop and debate sessions. The plenary sessions covered novel therapeutic approaches, diabetes emergencies, use of technology in diabetes management, comprehensive diabetes care, dietary challenges, monogenic and rare types of diabetes, psychology and patient empowerment, obesity and type hyperlipidemia in children. In workshops, the focus was on research methodology, clinical cases, nutrition, psychology and technology within smaller groups, which provided a forum for candidates to present either a diabetes research project or unique presentation of a clinical case. Winners selected by the steering committee members presented in the final plenary session. This intensive 3 days course has consistently aimed and successfully provided a concrete educational platform for seamless exchange of clinical and scientific information. This has contributed to improvement of care and outcome for children and youth with diabetes in the ASPED region.
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Ratheesh, Aswin, Dylan Hammond, Michael Watson, Jennifer Betts, Emma Siegel, Patrick McGorry, Michael Berk, et al. "Bipolar At-Risk Criteria and Risk of Bipolar Disorder Over 10 or More Years." JAMA Network Open 6, no. 9 (September 15, 2023): e2334078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.34078.
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ImportancePredicting the onset of bipolar disorder (BD) could facilitate preventive treatments. Among risk measures, bipolar at-risk (BAR) criteria have shown promise in predicting onset of bipolar disorder in the first year in clinical cohorts; however, it is not known whether BAR criteria are associated with the onset of BD in the longer term.ObjectiveTo assess the association of BAR criteria with onset of BD over 10 to 13 years follow-up.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective cohort study, completed between May 1, 2020, and November 7, 2022, included consenting people seeking help for nonpsychotic major mental health difficulties, including mood, personality, and substance use disorders, who were originally recruited at ages 15 to 25 years from a tertiary youth mental health setting in metropolitan Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, from May 1, 2008, to September 30, 2010.ExposureMeeting BAR criteria at baseline. Criteria included subthreshold mania, cyclothymic features, subthreshold depression, and family history of BD. A matched clinical comparison group was recruited from the same help-seeking population.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was expert consensus diagnosis of BD I or II based on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, self-reported information collected through online assessments, and linked data on mental health service utilization in Victoria over 10 to 13 years of follow-up.ResultsAmong 69 eligible participants, follow-up data were available for 60 (88.2%). The mean (SD) age at the end of follow-up was 32.9 (2.8) years, and 49 (81.7%) were women. A total of 28 participants met BAR criteria, and 32 were in the comparison group. In the BAR group, 8 patients (28.6%) developed BD over a mean (SD) of 11.1 (0.7) years of follow-up, and no patients in the comparison group developed BD. The risk of developing BD was higher in the BAR group than in the non-BAR group (χ21 = 70.0; P &lt; .001). The proportions of transitions to BD were equal in the first and second halves of the follow-up period.Conclusions and relevanceIn this cohort study of participants seeking care for mental health difficulties, patients meeting the BAR criteria were significantly more likely to transition to BD over a decade after ascertainment compared with patients not meeting the BAR criteria. The findings suggest that those meeting BAR criteria may benefit from longer-term monitoring and support. Evaluation of predictive properties in longer-term studies using a risk measure will help with implementation of BAR criteria in clinical settings.
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B K, Athira, and Poornima Rajendran. "The The Social Principle of Inclusive Education and Addressing Diversity in Indian Schools: An Appraisal of Post-Salamanca Initiatives in India." Shanlax International Journal of Education 11, no. 2 (March 1, 2023): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/education.v11i2.4940.
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There are steps formally initiated by the Government of India to maintain its adherence to the norms of Inclusive Education. Such schemes, acts and policy drafts are brought into discussion in this paper along with an appraisal of their draft and scope. This include the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan which became operational from the year 2001, The Right to Education Act, which is implemented from the year 2009 and the Action Plan for Inclusion in Education of Children and Youth with Disabilities of 2005, which was revised in the year 2009. The discussion is anchored around, though not limited to the aspect of ‘Diversity’ which is very pertinent to the Indian scenario and the philosophy of Inclusion. Cultural and geographical diversity of the Indian sub-continent provoke challenges in ‘Doing Diversity’ in classrooms and at the same time it is contributing for the teacher and the taught. Considering the scope of the concept of social inclusion and inclusive education, the paper argues that at an implementation level, inclusive education should be one that is responsive to diversities in a classroom and cultural space. Rather than reproducing social structures pertaining to the above mentioned social categories of class, gender, language etc., policy drafting and implementation of inclusive education should make certain attempts which are pro-inclusive. They need to be less privileging towards certain ways of learning and certain ways of evaluation, considering the physical and cultural diversities of the learners. In our discussion on these schemes and their scope in ensuring diversity in classrooms, questions pertaining to certain disadvantaged sections are covered including Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Gender non-binaries, migrants etc.
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Weiss, Gabrielle. "International Year of Youth." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 30, no. 7 (November 1985): 465–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378503000701.
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