Academic literature on the topic 'International Youth Year, 2010'
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Journal articles on the topic "International Youth Year, 2010"
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Madarame, Haruhiko. "Shot Distribution and Accuracy in Senior and Youth International Basketball Games: Changes over the Decade of the 2010s." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 18 (September 20, 2021): 9900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189900.
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This study aimed to investigate the changes in shot distribution and accuracy in senior and under-17 international basketball tournaments in the 2010s. A retrospective cross-sectional design was employed, and a total of 1055 games from 20 world-level tournaments held between 2010 and 2019 were analyzed. The tournaments held in 2010 were played under the old three-point line (6.25 m), and the rest of the tournaments were played under the new three-point line (6.75 m). The numbers of two- and three-point shot attempts in each game were normalized to 100 possessions. Differences in mean values of two- and three-point shot attempts were analyzed by a two-way (category × year) between-subjects analysis of variance (ANOVA). Differences in the success rates of two- and three-point shots were analyzed by Fisher’s exact test. There was no significant category × year interaction for two-point shot attempts. However, there were significant main effects of category and year for two-point shot attempts. The number of two-point shot attempts increased significantly in 2012 and, in 2016, returned to a level not significantly different from that in 2010, independent of categories. There was a significant category × year interaction for three-point shot attempts. The number of three-point shot attempts decreased significantly in 2012 and, by 2016, returned to a level not significantly different from that in 2010 in senior men and under-17 women. There was no significant change in the number of three-point shot attempts in under-17 men. The effect of the extension of the three-point line on shot accuracy was limited. Differences in shot accuracy were prominent between age categories: the accuracy was lower in under-17 games than in senior games for both sexes. Although under-17 men attempted fewer three-point shots than senior men, under-17 women attempted a similar number of or more three-point shots than senior women. These findings can contribute to a better understanding of age and sex differences in recent trends in international basketball.
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Ferro, Mark A. "The Psychometric Properties of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) in an Epidemiological Sample of Canadian Youth." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 64, no. 9 (January 2, 2019): 647–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743718818414.
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Objective: This study (1) describes the distribution of Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) scores in an epidemiological sample of youth, (2) reports its item correlations and internal consistency reliability, (3) tests for measurement invariance by age (youth vs. adults) and sex, and (4) examines its predictive power for past-year psychiatric disorders. Method: Youth aged 15 to 19 years ( n = 2010) and adults aged 20 to 64 years ( n = 2010) from the Canadian Community Health Survey–Mental Health who completed the K6 were included. Past-year psychiatric disorders were measured using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0 (WHO-CIDI). Polychoric correlation matrices and ordinal reliability coefficients were calculated to assess internal consistency of the K6, and confirmatory factor analysis was used to test for measurement invariance. Area under the curves (AUCs) were computed to determine the extent to which the K6 predicted a positive screen on the WHO-CIDI. Results: K6 scores showed a J-shaped distribution, with >50% of youth having scores ≤3. Item and total scores were higher for females versus males. Item correlations were robust (0.31-0.78) and internal consistency was high (α = 0.86). Full measurement invariance was demonstrated between youth and adults, as well as between male and female youth. The K6 was a strong predictor of major depressive episode (AUC = 0.848), generalized anxiety disorder (AUC = 0.847), and bipolar disorder (AUC = 0.853). Conclusions: The K6 is a valid and reliable measure of psychological distress among youth. Its brevity and robust predictive power for psychiatric disorder confirm its utility in clinical and community settings to identify youth needing comprehensive psychiatric assessment.
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Simenko, Jozef. "Youth Judokas Competing in Higher Age Groups Leads to a Short-Term Success." Children 9, no. 11 (November 11, 2022): 1737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9111737.
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Coaches of youth judo athletes might be under the influence of some extraordinary elite judo athletes that have won elite competitions at a relatively young age and might put youth athletes under pressure to gain as much fighting experience as fast as possible. The present study aims to present a 5-year competition structure, volume and age competition categories (ACC) range in which youth judokas competed with 10-year dropout status. Data from 46 judokas were collected (M = 24; F = 22) for four categorisation classes (National-NC; Perspective-PC; International-IC; World class-WC). Competitive structure, volume, performance and number of ACC were collected from 2009 to 2013 for all age groups from scores and standings records of the National Federation. Youth judokas competed in 8 (±2) competitions per year and also competed in 3 (±1) ACC. Abroad competitions affect the fighting experience and competitive success (CS). CS showed positive correlations with the number of ACC in the year 2009 (p = 0.01), 2010 (p = 0.01) and 2011 (p = 0.04). The final observed years’ CS 2012 (p = 0.009) and 2013 (p = 0.002) showed a negative association with the number of ACC. CS in the final observed year 2013 showed a positive association (p = 0.012) with the dropout status in 2018 and a negative one with the number of abroad competitions in 2013 (p = 0.029). In total, 52% dropout was noted in 10 years. This ‘’playing-up’’ approach was shown to be successful in creating youth medalists. However, just in the short term, if implemented for too long, it starts to affect competition success negatively and increases youth athletes’ dropout. Therefore, coaches should include more competitions abroad in competitors’ primary age group, while training sessions could be done with higher age groups which would allow for gathering additional experience in a more controlled environment in their yearly periodisation.
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Calleja González, Julio, Juan Mielgo Ayuso, José Antonio Lekue, Xabier Leibar, Julen Erauzkin, Igor Jukic, Sergej M. Ostojic, Jesús Gustavo Ponce González, Maite Fuentes Azpiroz, and Nicolás Terrados. "Anthropometry and performance of top youth international male basketball players in Spanish national academy." Nutrición Hospitalaria 35, no. 6 (December 3, 2018): 1331. http://dx.doi.org/10.20960/nh.1897.
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The “Century XXI” Project is a seven-year intervention sport program performed among the best Spanish youth basketball players, who were assigned to one of the following intervention groups based on the following criteria: age, position, mature level, and origin in the country. The study was performed (1996-2001) with a total of 90 players. The main purposes of this study were: a) to describe anthropometric and performance characteristics of top youth international male basketballers in the Spanish national academy; and b) to analyze differences among positions. Insummary, the main findings of this study were: a) the anthropometry presented significant differences between groups under (U-) 14 and U-17; and b) in the U-17 group centers presented more arm span. In our study, the most significant changes are in U-16 vs U-14 and U-15 in strength body up values, and the best result in endurance capacity took place in June of the fourth year. Within this context, the results of the present study may be useful for strength and conditioning coaches to plan their programs with youth basketball players.
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Malone, K. M., L. Quinlivan, T. Grant, and C. C. Kelleher. "Ageing towards 21 as a risk factor for Young Adult Suicide in the UK and Ireland." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 22, no. 3 (November 13, 2012): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796012000649.
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Aims.Youth and young adult suicide has increasingly appeared on international vital statistics as a rising trend of concern in age-specific mortality over the past 50 years. The reporting of suicide deaths in 5-year age bands, which has been the international convention to date, may mask a greater understanding of year-on-year factors that may accelerate or ameliorate the emergence of suicidal thoughts, acts and fatal consequences. The study objective was to identify any year-on-year period of increased risk for youth and young adult suicide in the UK and Ireland.Methods.Collation and examination of international epidemiological datasets on suicide (aged 18–35) for the UK and Ireland 2000–2006 (N = 11 964). Outcome measures included the age distribution of suicide mortality in international datasets from the UK and Ireland, 2000–2006.Results.An accelerated pattern of risk up to the age of 20 for the UK and Ireland which levels off moderately thereafter was uncovered, thus identifying a heretofore unreported age-related epidemiological transition for suicide.Conclusions.The current reporting of suicide in 5-year age bands may conceal age-related periods of risk for suicide. This may have implications for suicide prevention programmes for young adults under age 21.
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Uysal, Serife, Jose Bernardo Quintos, Diane DerMarderosian, Heather A. Chapman, Steven E. Reinert, Priya Hirway, and Lisa Swartz Topor. "PARTIAL HOSPITALIZATION: AN INTERVENTION FOR YOUTH WITH POORLY CONTROLLED DIABETES MELLITUS." Endocrine Practice 25, no. 10 (October 2019): 1041–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4158/ep-2019-0102.
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Objective: To examine the efficacy of an integrated medical/psychiatric partial hospitalization program (PHP) to improve glycemic control in youth with both diabetes mellitus and mental health disorders. Methods: This retrospective chart review is of patients admitted to a PHP between 2005–2015 with concerns about diabetes mellitus care. Clinical characteristics, laboratory data, diabetic ketoacidosis hospitalizations, and outpatient clinic visit frequency were collected from the year prior to the year after PHP admission. Results: A total of 43 individuals met inclusion criteria: 22 (51%) were female, 40 (93%) had type 1 diabetes, the mean age was 15.2 ± 2.3 years, and the mean diabetes mellitus duration was 4.6 ± 3.6 years. Of those individuals, 35 of these patients had hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) data available at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year after PHP. The average HbA1c before PHP admission was 11.3 ± 2.3% (100.5 ± 25 mmol/mol), and decreased to 9.2 ± 1.3% (76.7 ± 14.8 mmol/mol) within 6 months of PHP admission ( P<.001). The average HbA1c 1 year after PHP was 10.7 ± 1.7 % (93.3 ± 19.1 mmol/mol). Overall, 24 patients (68%) had lower HbA1c, and 75% of those with improvement maintained an HbA1c reduction of ≥1% (≥10 mmol/mol) at 1 year compared to before PHP. Conclusion: Most patients demonstrated improved glycemic control within 6 months of PHP admission, and many of those maintained a ≥1% (≥10 mmol/mol) reduction in HbA1c at 1 year following PHP admission. This program may represent a promising intervention that could serve as a model for intensive outpatient management of youth with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. Abbreviations: ADA = American Diabetes Association; DKA = diabetic ketoacidosis; EMR = electronic medical record; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c; ICD-9 = International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision; PHP = partial hospitalization program
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Ljaljević, Agima, Elvir Zvrko, Boban Mugoša, Snežana Matijević, and Jasmina Andjelić. "Prevalence of Smoking and Other Smoking-Related Behaviours Among Students Aged 13 to 15 Years in Montenegro: Results from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey of 2008." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 61, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-61-2010-1987.
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Prevalence of Smoking and Other Smoking-Related Behaviours Among Students Aged 13 to 15 Years in Montenegro: Results from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey of 2008The Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) is an international study that provides data on youth tobacco use for development of tobacco control programs. It is a school-based survey that uses a standardised methodology for sampling, core questionnaire items, training protocol, field procedures, and data management.This article reports the findings from a GYTS conducted in Montenegro in 2008, which included 5723 adolescents. More than 30 % of students aged 13 to 15 tried smoking, 5.1 % smoked cigarettes, and 3.6 % of students used tobacco products other than cigarettes. Four in 10 ever smokers started to smoke before the age of 10. More than half the students reported secondary smoke exposure at home. Almost all (96.5 %) current smokers bought cigarettes in a store. Two in 10 students owned an artifact with a cigarette or tobacco brand logo on it.The GYTS study has shown that there is an urgent need to introduce effective child-oriented smoking prevention programmes in early elementary school classes. These should be accompanied by public awareness campaigns on smoke-free homes.
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Lang, Justin J., Mark S. Tremblay, Luc Léger, Tim Olds, and Grant R. Tomkinson. "International variability in 20 m shuttle run performance in children and youth: who are the fittest from a 50-country comparison? A systematic literature review with pooling of aggregate results." British Journal of Sports Medicine 52, no. 4 (September 20, 2016): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096224.
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ObjectivesTo describe and compare 20 m shuttle run test (20mSRT) performance among children and youth across 50 countries; to explore broad socioeconomic indicators that correlate with 20mSRT performance in children and youth across countries and to evaluate the utility of the 20mSRT as an international population health indicator for children and youth.MethodsA systematic review was undertaken to identify papers that explicitly reported descriptive 20mSRT (with 1-min stages) data on apparently healthy 9–17 year-olds. Descriptive data were standardised to running speed (km/h) at the last completed stage. Country-specific 20mSRT performance indices were calculated as population-weighted mean z-scores relative to all children of the same age and sex from all countries. Countries were categorised into developed and developing groups based on the Human Development Index, and a correlational analysis was performed to describe the association between country-specific performance indices and broad socioeconomic indicators using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.ResultsPerformance indices were calculated for 50 countries using collated data on 1 142 026 children and youth aged 9–17 years. The best performing countries were from Africa and Central-Northern Europe. Countries from South America were consistently among the worst performing countries. Country-specific income inequality (Gini index) was a strong negative correlate of the performance index across all 50 countries.ConclusionsThe pattern of variability in the performance index broadly supports the theory of a physical activity transition and income inequality as the strongest structural determinant of health in children and youth. This simple and cost-effective assessment would be a powerful tool for international population health surveillance.
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Corvalan, Alejandro, and Paulo Cox. "Class-Biased Electoral Participation: The Youth Vote in Chile." Latin American Politics and Society 55, no. 03 (2013): 47–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2013.00202.x.
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AbstractThere is no other country where the division between the old and young electorate is as striking as in Chile. For older voters, turnout exceeded, on average, 90 percent in 2009; for those aged less than 30, it fell below 30 percent. Using individual survey data from 2006, 2008, and 2010, this article studies the current socioeconomic composition of the Chilean young electorate. First, it shows that the young electorate is class-biased. Income is highly correlated with both registration and turnout even after controlling for education. Second, it presents evidence that class bias for the whole electorate has been increasing over time, due to generational replacement. The results are not promising for Chile’s democracy in the years to come, since equal participation is worsening over time.
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Singh, Val, Sébastien Point, and Yves Moulin. "French supervisory board gender composition and quota threat: changes from 2008 to 2010." Gender in Management: An International Journal 30, no. 7 (October 5, 2015): 551–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gm-07-2015-0065.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how an environmental threat (possible quotas for female supervisory directors) might change supervisory board gender composition in SBF120 French company boards between 2008 and 2010. Design/methodology/approach – From a census of supervisory board membership of SBF120 companies in France in January 2008 and December 2010, data were obtained to test hypotheses relating to changes in gender composition of boards and demographic differences between new and earlier director appointees. The authors drew on institutional theory to inform the discussion of this paper’s findings. Findings – The authors reveal significant increases over 2008-2010 in SBF120 board female representation and significant cohort differences between recent and earlier appointees. Newer female appointees differed from male peers and from earlier appointed females and males, bringing youth and international experience. New females were more likely to gain CAC40 seats than their male peers. There was an increase in boards with multiple female directors. Research limitations/implications – Actual motivations for increase in female appointments are unknown, but institutional theory provides possible explanations, as suggestion of coercive forces loomed. Chairmen of larger firms may have made strategic choices to attract younger and English-speaking foreign women, before the rush. Limitations include the descriptive nature of the paper, but it sets a benchmark for later studies to monitor progress in depth. Practical implications – The talent pool for female directors has widened to include foreign English-speaking women, bringing a range of new insights and experience of international governance practice to traditional French boardrooms. However, this could be seen as further discriminatory practice that requires female appointees to bring more human and social capital than that required of their male peers. Originality/value – This is the first paper charting the changes in supervisory board composition during the three-year period of environmental unrest as quotas were proposed and legislated in France and comparing new and existing cohort French director demographics.
Books on the topic "International Youth Year, 2010"
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Secretariat, Alberta Youth Year. International youth year. Edmonton, Alta.]: Alberta Youth Year Secretariat, 1986.
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Canada. Dept. of the Secretary of State. International Youth Year Secretariat. Canada's International Youth Year program: Report of the International Youth Year Secretariat. [Ottawa]: Minister of Supply and Services Canada, 1986.
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Canada. Dept. of State For Youth. Get Involved. International Youth Year. S.l: s.n, 1985.
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Canada. Dept. of State For Youth. International Youth Year, 1985: Calendar. S.l: s.n, 1985.
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Canada. Minister of State (Youth), ed. International Youth Year, 1985: Calendar. [Ottawa]: Minister of State Youth, 1985.
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Office, United Nations Statistical. Selected statistical indicator on youth: International youth year. New York: United Nations, 1985.
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Canada International Youth Year Secretariat. Canada's International Youth Year program : report. Ottawa: Employment and Immigration Canada, 1986.
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Office, United Nations Statistical, and Centre for Social Development and Humanitarian Affairs (United Nations), eds. Statistical indicators on youth: International youth year : participation, development, peace. New York: United Nations, 1985.
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Employment and Immigration Canada. International Youth Year Advisory Committee. Report of the International Youth Year Advisory Committee. Ottawa: Employment and Immigration Canada., 1985.
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Canada. International Youth Year Advisory Committee. Report of the International Youth Year Advisory Committee. [Ottawa]: Employment and Immigration Canada, 1986.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "International Youth Year, 2010"
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Arimatsu, Louise, and Mohbuba Choudhury. "Year in Review." In Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law - 2010, 285–310. The Hague, The Netherlands: T. M. C. Asser Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-811-8_8.
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van Huizen, P. "Netherlands State Practice for the Parliamentary Year 2008–2009." In Netherlands Yearbook of International Law Volume 41, 2010, 241–323. The Hague, The Netherlands: T. M. C. Asser Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-737-1_10.
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Nikali, Heikki. "Replacement of Letter Mail by Electronic Communications to the Year 2010." In Commercialization of Postal and Delivery Services: National and International Perspectives, 223–35. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2784-8_15.
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Tomaselli, Valeria, Francesca Mantino, Giuseppe Albanese, Cristina Tarantino, and Maria Adamo. "Monitoring changes over a 10-year period, through vegetation maps, in a coastal site in Apulia region (southeastern Italy)." In Ninth International Symposium “Monitoring of Mediterranean Coastal Areas: Problems and Measurement Techniques”, 766–74. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0030-1.73.
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This study aims to detect, analyze, and evaluate the habitat changes, between 2010 and 2020, occurred in the Mediterranean wetland system of “Zone Umide della Capitanata e Paludi presso il Golfo di Manfredonia”. We classified habitats in 2020 using Eunis classification and we compared the obtained map with the Eunis map of 2010, obtained using the same approach, in terms of class area, Magnitude of Changes and the corresponding Trend Percentage of Change. It emerged that expansion of agricultural activities and alterations of the hydrological regime are behind most of the observed changes.
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Ibričević, Aida. "The Road Less Travelled: What Can Be Learnt?" In IMISCOE Research Series, 241–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-58347-6_7.
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AbstractAccording to a recently published Gallup poll, Bosnia and Herzegovina scored −32% on the potential net migration index (PNMI). This score ranked BiH at the bottom of the list of European countries, with only Kosovo ranking lower. The situation is even more alarming when looking at the indices for brain drain and youth migration, for which BiH scored −40% and −57%, respectively. These results ranked BiH at the bottom on an international scale, with El Salvador, Haiti, Liberia, and Sierra Leone scoring lower. Amidst such abysmal emigration prospects, there appears a truly puzzling phenomenon: voluntary return migration. I embarked on a journey to unravel the mystery of why people are coming back to a place that so many seem eager to escape? I was initially inspired to answer this and related questions after watching the “I want to go home” (Kenović, 2016) documentary in May 2016. While wrapping up my data analysis 3 years later, I was captivated by another documentary film produced by the same news organization. As the show notes state, “Disappearing” (Nestajanje), tells the story of “young, highly educated people from Bosnia and Herzegovina who, despite their different backgrounds, find themselves on the same road. This road, unfortunately, takes them far from their home country, which didn’t give them a chance to realize their full potential.” Leaving BiH is the dominant trend, while deciding to come back, although highly interesting for theoretical purposes, deviates from that norm. In the years of working on this puzzle, I hope to have shed some light on its various facets and contributed to its better understanding. So, what can we learn from those who have taken the proverbial “road less traveled”? The focus of this chapter is to discuss the findings of my study and how they contribute to the current debates on relevant concepts.
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Leng, H. K., and H. Hopfl. "Major Sporting Events and National Pride: A Comparison Between the London 2012 Olympics and Singapore 2010 Youth Olympic Games." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Managing the Asian Century, 531–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4560-61-0_59.
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Brownlie, Siobhan. "Global Classroom." In Studies in Digital Interculturality, 171–88. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839468890-010.
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In this paper Brownlie discusses a module entitled 'Global Classroom'. There are three participating universities: Le Mans Université, France where the module is part of the Masters in International Cultural Studies; the University of Pretoria, South Africa; and Fundação Armando Alvares Penteado, São Paulo, Brazil; participants from the latter two universities are fourth year students in political science. In order to facilitate communication, the module operates via the video-conferencing platform Zoom. Each week focuses on a particular topic, for example, green action, media and misinformation, democracy in action, national elections and youth attitudes, with guest speakers, student presentations and discussion. The paper defines and is structured by four concepts/practices: "small cultures", "postdigitality", "virtual exchange", and "postdigital critical cosmopolitanism." The Global Classroom module is analyzed through the prism of these concepts/practices. With respect to virtual exchange and postdigital critical cosmopolitanism, it is found that the module partially equates with these concepts/practices. It is suggested that in future iterations of the module, particular choices with respect to topic and task design could better allow students to develop intercultural skills and self-reflection.
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Gibson, Sarah-Jane. "11. Experience, Understanding and Intercultural Competence." In Teaching Music Performance in Higher Education, 271–86. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0398.14.
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Ethno is JM International’s program for folk, world and traditional music. Founded in 1990, it is aimed at young musicians (up to age 30) with a mission to revive and keep alive global cultural heritage. Originating in Sweden, but now present in over 40 countries, Ethno engages young people through a series of annual international music gatherings as well as workshops, concerts and tours, working together with schools, conservatories and other groups of youth to promote peace, tolerance and understanding (https://ethno.world/about/). In this chapter, I consider the research questions to what extent should an intercultural music programme also focus on developing intercultural understanding and competency? Is it enough for participants to have an intercultural musical experience without allowing time for critical reflection to develop intercultural competencies? Further to this I consider how the nonformal approach of Ethno may support intercultural understanding and how this contrasts with intercultural programmes in formal HEI institutions. Research findings are drawn from a four-year international research project exploring the hypothesis that Ethno provides transformational socio-cultural and musical significances for participants (www.ethnoresearch.org ). Findings are based on ethnographic fieldwork at Ethno events and interviews with over 250 participants, organisers and ‘artistic mentors’ (on-site musical leaders). The research was conducted by The International Centre for Community music (ICCM) in collaboration with JM International. I also draw upon my HEI teaching with a particular focus on ‘Ethno inspired’ workshops we ran as a means of contrasting the experience of intercultural learning in a formal institution to demonstrate how this research has broadened sociological and musical understandings of other cultures for my university students. Research findings suggest that those attending Ethno gatherings are ready to have intercultural dialogues, they are curious and open toward people that are different. Our research also highlights the importance participants place on being with ‘like-minded people’. The chapter ultimately considers whether there is value in facilitated time for critical reflection during intercultural music gatherings in order to develop intercultural competencies.
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Batool, Madiha. "Youth Bulge in a Pandemic-Stricken World." In Handbook of Research on Ethnic, Racial, and Religious Conflicts and Their Impact on State and Social Security, 30–51. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8911-3.ch003.
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As the year 2020 dawned, the world underwent a paradigmatic shift that impacted all aspects of life. While it is axiomatic that the coronavirus pandemic left an indelible effect on all age groups, the author is especially interested in analysing the impressions that the pandemic can leave on the lives of youth. With history providing anecdotes of contagions having led to political violence and widespread massacres, this chapter will explore how the current pandemic can lead to youth radicalisation in an age of social media and in countries witnessing youth bulge. This study will be carried out at the intersection of international relations, international security, and political psychology and within the parameters of youth bulge, social-psychology, and radicalisation. In doing so, the author will propose a prognostic approach to provent youth radicalisation rather than prevent it in retrospect.
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Saito, Nagayuki, and Madoka Aragaki. "The Protection Policy for Youth Online in Japan." In Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in System Security, Information Privacy, and Forensics, 297–311. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7492-7.ch024.
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The OECD committee adopted the Recommendation on the Protection of Children Online in February 2012. It recommended establishing an appropriate online environmental policy for children based on actual data. Arising from the international movement, the Internet Literacy Assessment Indicator for Students (ILAS) and its tests were developed; this tool aims to ensure safe and secure internet use among 15-year-old students. This chapter analyzes national research data from ILAS to explore the relationship between students' backgrounds and online literacy. The results have revealed several political challenges, including the need for policies on educational awareness in low literacy areas, regional literacy differences, and the need to support children in learning to avoid risk.
Conference papers on the topic "International Youth Year, 2010"
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Schimerl, Nicolas, Pia Patrizia Weber, and Thomas Stöllner. "RETHINKING THE ANALOGUE – FROM VIRTUAL ARCHAEOLOGY TO A DIGITAL EXHIBITION." In VIRTUAL ARCHAEOLOGY. SIBERIAN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17516/sibvirarch-003.
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In 1993, workers discovered a mummified human head during exploitation in the salt mine of Chehrābād, Province of Zanjān, Iran (Vatandoust 1998). This find marks the beginning of more than 20 years of international and interdisciplinary research. The mummified head dates to Sassanian times and is known to the world today as “Salt Man 1”. The salt extraction in Chehrābād continued until 2009 and led to the discovery of further mummified human remains, which were, in accordance to the first find, named “Salt Men of Zanjān”. These salt mummies as well as the site are a unique cultural heritage for humankind. In 2004, archaeologists made an exceptional discovery during a rescue excavation. This find, the mummy of a 15 to 16-year-old youth, is – to date – the best-preserved salt mummy known worldwide (Aali 2005). In 2007 an international research project started, co-headed by the German Mining Museum Bochum and the Zanjān Saltman and Archaeological Museum. All these efforts led to the halt of the commercial exploitation of the salt mine in 2009. Subsequently, the salt mine was declared a cultural heritage site (Aali et al. 2012). In multiple excavation campaigns not only the salt mine itself, but also its surrounding area were studied thoroughly. The results of these joint efforts were published in two monographs (Aali, Stöllner 2015; Stöllner, Aali, Bagherpour Kashani 2020) and various further articles (e.g. Aali et al. 2012;Öhrström et al. 2016; Pollard et al. 2008; Ramaroli et al. 2010; Vahdati Nasab et al. 2019)
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Levchenko, Nataliia, Olena Baldyniuk, Iryna Karpych, Olha Boiko, Yuliya Klymenko, and Natalia Koliada. "State Program for Youth Worker - An Innovative Form for Training Specialists about Youth Work." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002387.
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In accordance with the tasks and measures for the implementation of the State Targeted Social Program «Youth of Ukraine» for 2016-2020, the Government's Priority Action Plan for 2018 and in order to provide young people with knowledge and skills through non-formal education as a modern form of meeting the educational needs of individuals implementation plan of program «Youth Worker» was developed. The program provides a set of interrelated tasks and activities for the implementation of state policy in the sphere of youth, acquisition of knowledge and skills necessary for self-realization of youth. The Program is implemented at the national, regional and local levels and is based on the principles of partnership, as well as the principles of non-formal education. The article covers formation and development of the program «Youth Worker»; the educational content of the program is outlined in accordance with the training modules; statistical data and reports of the program were studied; the forms of realization of the program «Youth Worker» are covered. The program is designed for representatives of civil society institutions working with youth and civil servants responsible for the implementation of state policy in the youth sphere at the national, local, regional levels, as well as for other people involved in the youth work. During the implementation of the Program (since 2014) more than 2,800 youth workers from all regions of Ukraine have been trained, in particular, in 2019 1,055 specialists were trained. To achieve goal of the study a set of general scientific methods was used: analysis of scientific publications to outline the essence of the problems of formation and development of the program «Youth Worker»; analysis and synthesis - to highlight the peculiarities of the development of the program «Youth Worker» in Ukraine; systematization and generalization of problems of formation and development of the program «Youth Worker» in Ukraine to formulate conclusions based on the results of the study. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the formation and development of the program «Youth Worker» in Ukraine. The results of the survey of participants in the basic training «Youth Worker» in 2019 state that most participants fully or partially considered themselves youth workers before the training - 95.2%, after the training - 97.7%. Conclusions. Formation and development of the program «Youth Worker» in Ukraine is an innovative form of training professionals to work with young people. And also an important stage of implementation and realization of youth policy, youth work and popularization of the specialist - of the youth worker. Every year the popularity of the youth workers training program increases. The results of the survey state that more than 90% of participants consider themselves youth workers and apply all the acquired knowledge and skills in their practical activities.
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Belkindas, Misha, Josef Olenski, and Alexey Ponomarenko. "Statistical training for Russian-speaking countries: combination of international quality and availability." In Statistics education for Progress: Youth and Official Statistics. International Association for Statistical Education, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.131002.
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There is a strong demand for well-trained staff among national statistical offices of the former USSR countries. Before the USSR collapse, most of statisticians were educated in Moscow. Currently, there is a lack of own training facilities in most of countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), so the staff training is a very significant problem. Language is an additional problem, because most of international training courses are conducted in English, but English speakers are still rare among local statisticians. At the same time, average share of Russian speakers in NSOs of all countries of the CIS region is about 96%. A special training center (International Institute for Training in Statistics - MISO) was established in Moscow in the year of 2011. Currently it provides a random set of short courses on different statistical topics in Russian in cooperation with international partners. But this is only the first step. NSOs are interested in well prepared systematically educated managers in official statistics and high-level experts/methodologists. Thus, the next step should be the development of a Master in Official Statistics Program (MOS). Paper describes concept of this MOS program.
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Churanova, А. N. "MORBIDITY WITH TEMPORARY DISABILITY IN TWO INDUSTRIAL REGIONS OF RUSSIA." In The 4th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» International Youth Forum (OHIYF-2022). FSBSI «IRIOH», 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-6-9-2022-1-199-203.
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Introduction: The study of morbidity with temporary disability (MTD) in industrial regions is an urgent task, since the loss of working time due to workers diseases adversely affects the volume of production and output, and accordingly, the welfare of entire subject population. The goal: To analyze the morbidity with temporary disability indicators in two industrial regions of Russia. Methods: The analysis of men and women MTD cases frequency in two industrial regions (Kemerovo and Chelyabinsk regions) and in all Russia for 2014-2018 to form 16-TD and to Rosstat data on the number of people employed in Russian economy. Also, in the studied territories, the 5-year averaged indicators for the leading classes of diseases, depending on gender, were calculated. Results: The performed analysis of quality management system for 2014-2018 period testified the worst health indicators among workers in Kemerovo and Chelyabinsk regions compared to Russia. In certain years, the frequency of cases of MTD in men in industrial regions was almost 30% higher than in the country. Higher MTD levels in the regions were also recorded from certain classes of diseases (diseases of circulatory system, musculoskeletal system and respiratory organs). Conclusion: The information about health indicators in the regions can be used in the development of medical and preventive programs of workers health preservation.
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Skavronskaya, M. V. "RESULTS OF THE FIRST YEAR WORK ACCORDING TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION MINISTRY OF HEALTH ORDER №29n DATED 28.01.2021 OF: AN OPHTHALMOLOGIST'S VIEW." In The 4th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» International Youth Forum (OHIYF-2022). FSBSI «IRIOH», 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-6-9-2022-1-176-180.
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For 10 years, preliminary and periodic medical examinations (PME) were carried out in accordance to order 302n. On April 1, 2021, Order 29n came into force. This order entailed a number of changes in approach to medical contraindications determination, from the side of vision organ including. The changes affected, first of all, work at height and drivers. Purpose of the study: a comparative analysis of PME results and structure of identified contraindications from vision organ among workers who underwent a medical examination in 2020 and 2021 in the consultative polyclinic department (CPD) of FSBSI “RIOH” clinic. Methods: electronic outpatient cards in the MIS Medialog of CPD patients who underwent PME in 2020 and 2021 were analyzed. Results: Among the total number of visits to ophthalmologists in 2020, contraindications were detected in 1.65% of cases, in 2021 - 0.91% only. In the structure of the types of work to which contraindications from the organ of vision are revealed, work at height was leading: in 2020 - 51.95% (133 people), in 2021 - 71.32% (194 people). The most numerous group of vision organ pathology were refractive errors. Conclusions: Legislative changes made not only allowed to reduce the number of identified contraindications of visual organ, thereby expanding employment opportunities and preserving human resources, but also created conditions for early detection of glaucoma.
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Richmond, Deborah. "Empowered Mobility: Supply Chain Thinking for Youth in Foster Care." In 2016 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2016.29.
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The application of global container logistics to high mobility children, such as those in foster care, asks designers to consider an empathic, human-centered approach to an institutionalized system of involuntary mobility, which can result in as many as 3-4 family “placements” per year for some children. In spite of grim statistics for youth in foster care related to graduation, teen pregnancy, drug use and imprisonment, these children develop many positive resiliencies around adaptability, emotional intelligence, empathy and efficiency. Working with a non-profit serving youth in foster care in Watts, Los Angeles, called Peace4Kids, whose motto is “community as family,” the concept of a “mobile village” was born. Following their lead, paired with a deep understanding of consumer culture’s collective intelligence around moving goods through cities, an innovative strategy was used to create a literal delivery platform for educational programming, in partnership with other non-profits, around food equity, social justice and eventually other vocational skills such as apparel arts, machine arts, fine arts and early education.
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Rohani, Tuti, Hartono Hartono, Muhammad Akhyar, and Sri Mulyani. "Youth Health Smartphone Application "TEENFIT" in Increasing Adolescent Knowledge about Anemia, in Bantul, Yogyakarta." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.38.
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Background: The prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age (15 – 49 years) has increased every year. Lack of knowledge of adolescents about anemia is a major problem of non-adherence to taking iron supplements. Cellular technology-based knowledge enhancement intervention is the “TEENFIT” application. Researchers designed this health smartphone application containing material on anemia, knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of drinking iron supplements, an alarm that serves as a reminder to take iron supplements, a report that contains reports on all activities of adolescents taking iron supplements. This study aimed to examine the the use of youth health smartphone application “TEENFIT” in increasing adolescent knowledge about anemia, in Bantul, Yogyakarta. Subjects and Method: A randomized control trial conducted in Bantul, Yogyakarta, from June to August 2020. A sample of 95 adolescents was randomized into two groups: (1) Experiment group that used the youth health smartphone application “TEENFIT, and (2) Control group that received no intervention. The dependent variable was knowledge about anemia. The independent variable was youth health smartphone application “TEENFIT”. The data were collected using questionnaire. The data were analyzed by independent t-test. Results: After the intervention, knowledge about anemia in the experimental group (Mean= 77.31; SD= 6.60) was higher than the control group (Mean= 67.55; SD= 5.60), and it was statistically insignificant (p= 0.266). Conclusion: Knowledge about anemia in adolescents increases with the using of youth health smartphone application “TEENFIT”, but it is not statistically significant. Keywords: health application, knowledge, anemia, adolescents Correspondence: Tuti Rohani. Master in Development and Community Empowerment, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: tuti.rohani80@gamil.com. Mobile: +62818460097. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.38
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"Young People's (16 – 26-year-old) Awareness and Perspectives towards sexual and reproductive health and rights: A cross-sectional study." In International Conference on Public Health and Humanitarian Action. International Federation of Medical Students' Associations - Jordan, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56950/rkjz2732.
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Background: As of 2020, 28 percent of Jordan's population was between the ages of 16 and 30, with Jordanians and Syrians accounting for the majority of the youth population. Nevertheless, the transition to adulthood is getting more complex, especially in meeting their sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs. Unfortunately, there is still limited data on how youth perceive these challenges and needs. Objective: This study aimed to address SRHR needs and related topics such as gender-based violence among the Jordanian youth. Method: This is a cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of Jordanian adolescents (16 to 26-year-old). Data were collected via a google form filled out physically by the participants. Results: 209 people completed the survey, with 107 (51.2) female respondents. The age ranged from 18 – 26 with a median of 22. The majority were Jordanians 178 (85.2), others were Syrians 28 (13.2), Palestinians 2 (1), and Iraqi 1 (0.5). Most of the respondents are currently studying in college 138 (66). Moreover, 60 out of 209 do not know what we mean by reproductive and sexual health, while 48 (23) think it is sexual satisfaction and safety. Regarding the item that asks about the importance of spreading awareness regarding reproductive and sexual health, 58 (27.8) participants answered that it raises awareness about family planning and reduces the risks of unintended pregnancies. At the same time, 44 (21.1) respondents think it is vital to break the barrier of shame and harmful traditions about these topics (to fight the culture of shame). The most common three family planning methods were condoms, Intrauterine devices (IUDs), contraceptive pills, hormonal patches, or contraceptive injections 117 (56). The most common sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) prevention methods were using condoms 62 (29.7) and staying away from illegal, random relationships, multiple partners, and homosexuality 19 (9.1). 197 (94.3) think society needs to raise awareness of this issue. Conclusion: We found that the majority of abducents in Jordan do not have enough knowledge regarding sexual and reproductive health issues. Therefore, we recommend the government and the NGOs initiate awareness campaigns to raise awareness and help fight the culture of shame. Keywords: sexual reproductive health, Jordan, gender, Sexual and reproductive health and rights, Young people
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"SOCIAL COMPETENCE, A PREDICTOR OF ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT; A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRE-CLINICAL STUDENTS IN STATE OWNED AND PRIVATE MEDICAL SCHOOLS." In 4th International Conference on Biological & Health Sciences (CIC-BIOHS’2022). Cihan University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/biohs2022/paper.720.
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Objective: To investigate differences on Social Competence and Academic Achievement between medical students from state owned and private medical institutes. To examine social competence as a predictor of academic achievement.Materials & Methods: A sample of 400 pre-clinical medical students (n= 200 males and n=200 females) with age range 17-20 years participated in the study. The data was collected from the medical schools of Islamabad & Rawalpindi. The study variables were measured via demographic data sheet, Student grades, and Youth Social Competence Scale. The results were analyzed through descriptive, t-test and regression analysis in SPSS 21.Results: In a sample of 400 medical students from state owned and private medical schools 50% respondents were males and 50% were female students. The respondents represented different years of medical school, 46% from first year, 38.5% from second year and 15.5% from third year. Results through t-test revealed that students from state owned medical schools had higher social competence and academic achievement as compared to students from private medical institutes. Regression analysis indicated that social competence is a significant predictor of academic achievement.Conclusion: Social competence can facilitate performance outcomes in medical students. Therefore, encouraging positive social interactions and skills with the peers and teachers can be an incentive for academic achievement.
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Ghiță, Simona Ioana, Cristina-Rodica Boboc, Andreea Simona Săseanu, and Valentina Vasile. "How Does the Supply of Tertiary Graduates Correlate with the Labour Market? Evidence from European Countries." In 9th BASIQ International Conference on New Trends in Sustainable Business and Consumption. Editura ASE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/basiq/2023/09/062.
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It is well-known that the education level has significant impact on employment prospects on the labor market. Despite a slight decrease in the number of tertiary graduates in 2018-2019, the year 2020, when the COVID-19 pandemic began, was marked by an increase in the indicator-level. In the long term, the supply of tertiary graduates registered an upward trend. The paper performs - in a note of originality - a cluster analysis of the European countries by the correlation between the evolution of the graduates with higher education and that of the employment rate of the highly qualified, in order to identify the main behavioral patterns. As a novelty element, the paper tests the hypothesis of the existence of statistically significant changes from the perspective of the share of tertiary graduates and that of the employment rate of highly educated, during the current pandemic crisis compared to the previous global financial crisis. The results indicated an important improvement only of the second indicator, which shows the need to develop policies to stimulate the youth to raise their education level, and thus improve the situation on the labor market, even in crisis times.
Reports on the topic "International Youth Year, 2010"
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Thomson, Sue, Nicole Wernert, Sima Rodrigues, and Elizabeth O'Grady. TIMSS 2019 Australia. Volume I: Student performance. Australian Council for Educational Research, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-614-7.
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The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) is an international comparative study of student achievement directed by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). TIMSS was first conducted in 1995 and the assessment conducted in 2019 formed the seventh cycle, providing 24 years of trends in mathematics and science achievement at Year 4 and Year 8. In Australia, TIMSS is managed by the Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER) and is jointly funded by the Australian Government and the state and territory governments. The goal of TIMSS is to provide comparative information about educational achievement across countries in order to improve teaching and learning in mathematics and science. TIMSS is based on a research model that uses the curriculum, within context, as its foundation. TIMSS is designed, broadly, to align with the mathematics and science curricula used in the participating education systems and countries, and focuses on assessment at Year 4 and Year 8. TIMSS also provides important data about students’ contexts for learning mathematics and science based on questionnaires completed by students and their parents, teachers and school principals. This report presents the results for Australia as a whole, for the Australian states and territories and for the other participants in TIMSS 2019, so that Australia’s results can be viewed in an international context, and student performance can be monitored over time. The results from TIMSS, as one of the assessments in the National Assessment Program, allow for nationally comparable reports of student outcomes against the Melbourne Declaration on Educational Goals for Young Australians. (Ministerial Council on Education, Employment, Training and Youth Affairs, 2008).
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Gitonga, Daphine, Chemuku Wekesa, Godwin Kowero, Eva Kiseu, Doris Mutta, Raymond Omondi, and Anders Roos. Kenyan Youth Perspectives on Forests : report from a youth-scientist dialogue on sustainable forestry. SLU Global, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.3n821idolh.
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This report presents proceedings of “AfricanYouth4Forests” project workshop held in Voi, Taita Taveta county, Kenya from 7 to 9 November 2022. The workshop was jointly organised by African Forest Forum (AFF), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), and Kenya Forestry Research Institute (KEFRI). It brought together 19 youths from Taita Taveta and Nairobi counties between 18-25 years of age to engage with researchers and policymakers in conversations about young people's views, visions, goals, and ideas in shaping the future governance of Kenya’s and the continent's forests. The participants identified niches for youths' engagement in forests to improve forest cover, curb climate change effects and improve livelihoods. The youth participants envisioned 'a world where young people are more involved in sustainable development by participating in the green economy.' To achieve the youths’ vision, several actions were recommended; training the youth on sustainable forest management and green entrepreneurship, developing markets for green products, establishing innovative knowledge-sharing platforms, and actively involving the youths in national and international policy processes on forests and climate change. The outcome reflected a wide range of views and ideas among the youth, and that they have the capacity and readiness to tackle the forest-related challenges towards 2030 and beyond. It is recommended that the dialogue between African forestry researchers and the youth should continue.
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Araujo, María Caridad. Summary Notes: First Meeting of the Advisory Committee on Early Childhood Development: August, 2010. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008066.
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The Inter-American Development Bank has launched a significant, multi-year program of analytical work on Early Childhood Development (ECD) in Latin America and the Caribbean. The objective of this program is to substantially increase the knowledge of ECD in the region, and to improve IDB's ability to give good advice to governments and others who work in this area. As part of this effort, IDB invited a group of international experts recognized for their contributions to the field to form part of IDB's Advisory Committee on ECD. This Advisory Committee convened for the first time in order to discuss with its members the main topics in IDB's analytic agenda and seek their guidance on what they saw as the most relevant areas of focus and priorities. This document provides a summary of this discussion as well as recommendations for the future and the next steps for the Committee.
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Attwood. PR-339-093702-R03 Human Factors Influences on Pipeline Damage Milestone 2 Identify and Define Issues. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010700.
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The members of the Pipeline Research Council International (PRCI) have identified Human Factors (HF) as a major component influencing the number and severity of pipeline damage incidents. PRCI has initiated a two-year program whose objectives include: A) Understand the contribution of HF to pipeline damage from all sources (i.e., first, secondand third party contributions) B) Identify the most important Human Factors involved in pipeline damage Recommend HF interventions for the high priority issues that will reduce damage incidents C) Propose next steps to implement these high priority interventions and to monitor their performance D) The final project deliverable is a Guide that will identify practical ways to address potentially adverse effects of HF on the performance of damage prevention measures, including examples of how they can be implemented and continuously improved. During the period 2009 to 2010, the project will complete six milestones, including: 1. Review available Human Factors literature (2009) 2. Identify and define issues (2009) 3. Categorize and prioritize issues (2010) 4. Develop intervention strategies (2010) 5. Propose next steps to implement strategies (2010) 6. Develop guide to use HF for damage prevention (2010) This report documents the results of Milestone 2, Identify and Define Issues. Appendices posted seperate
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Price, Roz. Evidence on the Advantages of Low Carbon Growth in Jordan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.117.
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There has been a considerable amount of research generally into the benefits associated with low carbon development, showing that it can be synergistic with development priorities – such as job creation, improved public health, social inclusion and improved accessibility (see for example, Gouldson et al., 2018). However, this rapid review finds limited evidence and information around these benefits specifically for the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. There has been much interest in green growth in Jordan in the last ten years, particularly as Jordan is seen as having a large renewable energy potential for solar and wind. International organisations have been working with Jordan to develop comprehensive national plans and strategies to encourage green growth investment. Within the Jordanian government, the green growth concept has mainly been promoted by the Ministry of Environment. The World Bank in particular has produced a number of reports that have fed into this review, that explore or touch on green growth in Jordan – however, they themselves recognise that there is a lack of research on the economic and job-generating impacts of a green growth pathway in Jordan, and emphasise the need for further analysis (see specifically Hakim et al., 2017). Many of the green growth statistics referenced are from single reports undertaken a number of years ago – for example, that environmental degradation costs Jordan 2% of its GDP per year comes from a World Bank report written in 2010 and based on data from 2006 (World Bank, 2010). No more recent reviews were found during this rapid review. This review draws on a mixture of academic and grey literature from government and international organisations.
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Corrales, Maria Elena, and Lourdes Alvarez. IDB-9: Evaluation of IDB-9 Commitments for Haiti. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010521.
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The objective of this report is to assess the full and effective implementation of the Bank's support to Haiti in the wake of the 2010 earthquake, in fulfillment of the mandates of IDB-9, which included full debt forgiveness, delivery of concessional resources in 2010, and expansion of the Bank's Grant Facility to provide Haiti US$200 million per year for a period of 10 years (2011-2020), subject to annual approval by the Governors. The evaluation confirms that the financial mandates included in IDB-9 have been fulfilled. The Bank wrote off Haiti's debt and transferred resources to the Grant Facility to approve grants to the country over the amount previously established, for US$231.6 million in 2010. In 2011 and 2012, the Bank transferred US$200 million per year in Ordinary Capital resources to the Grant Facility. The Bank financed a program for an amount that exceeded the transfers made, totaling US$231.0 million in 2011 and US$228.0 million in 2012. As regards the Bank's role in catalyzing resources from other donors, there were intense efforts, and the Bank leveraged US$136 million in the period 2010-2012. That figure, however, is somewhat lower than for the period preceding the earthquake and the annual amounts received have fallen. Coordination of international donors has proven inadequate, given the challenges facing the country and the management and execution capacity of the Haitian government. In this context, the Bank's sector coordination work in some key sectors is both recognized and valued. The intervention strategy adopted by the Bank emphasized long-term efforts in the sectors where it had been operating, rather than reconstruction, and had very ambitious targets given the limited management capacities of the Government of Haiti. Execution problems, such as poor designs and preinvestment studies, combined with low execution and supervision capacity in executing units, limited the results of these programs. New programs for development in the northern hub, along with institutional support at the sectoral level, involve risks that need to be addressed in a timely manner to ensure results in the long term. Meanwhile, the urgent need for approval and disbursement of US$200 million each year for 10 years does open up new opportunities for establishing a long-term country strategy, but is hindered by the slow, complex process of institution building. The result is pressure on specialists from the Bank and in the country, and this does not necessarily lead to disbursements or to effective efforts to overcome the problems of Haitian society. Haiti remains a major challenge for the IDB, and international coordination is vital if progress is to be made in overcoming the country¿s urgent problems of poverty and low economic growth. In this regard, OVE believes that the effectiveness of the Bank's actions in Haiti will depend on assessing the constraints associated with country's fragile condition, redefining sector targets and outcomes in line with the context, and paying special attention to reconstruction efforts. Lastly, harmonizing approvals and disbursements with the actual implementation conditions in the executing agencies involved, and respecting the time-frames needed to provide assistance in institution building within the country through a segmented allocation strategy, would make it possible to ensure the Bank's sustained, long-term support.
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Harris, Jeremy, Paolo Giordano, and Matthew Shearer. INTrade: Latin America Trade Trend Estimates: 2012. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008200.
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After posting double digit gains in 2010-2011, Latin America's export growth declined to just 1.5% in 2012 for a total value of slightly more than $1 trillion, according to figures just released by the Integration and Trade Sector of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). These results reflected uneven economic conditions in Latin America's major trade partners. In Europe, economic setbacks resulted in a 5% drop in demand for Latin American exports, while lower growth in the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Korea sharply slowed the region's export growth to Asia as a whole, from 25% in 2011 to only 1% this year. In one bright spot, incipient recovery in the United States fueled growth in Latin American exports to that country by an estimated 3%. The 2012 trade estimates, published in the IDB's Latin American Trade Trend Estimates 2012, are based on partial monthly and quarterly data of 16 Latin American countries from official national and international sources, as well as the Bank's INTrade Information System.
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Cabrita, Maria Teresa, Ana David, and Gonçalo Vieira. Portuguese Polar Program Annual Report 2020. Centro de Estudos Geográficos, Universidade de Lisboa, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33787/ceg20210001.
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The Portuguese Polar Program - PROPOLAR is funded by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia ( based at Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território ( of the University of Lisbon ( The coordination of PROPOLAR is led by the Centro de Estudos Geográficos from Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território University of Lisbon (CEG/IGOT ULISBOA), under a Coordinating Committee that includes members from 4 other research centres, namely the Centro de Ciências do Mar University of Algarve (CCMAR UALG), the Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente University of Coimbra (MARE UC), the Centro de Química Estrutural from Instituto Superior Técnico University of Lisboa (CQE/IST ULISBOA), and the Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental University of Oporto (CIIMAR U PORTO) Gonçalo Vieira (CEG/IGOT ULISBOA) is the Head of the program The remarkable effort and commitment of the Portuguese Polar scientists, within the framework of the International Polar Year ( 2007 08 were key to promote awareness of the importance of Polar science and research for Portugal A strategic plan encompassing three main objectives was then set out to i creating a Portuguese Polar Program focused on polar research and innovation and supporting the young generation of Polar scientists,scientists,( signing the Antarctic Treaty, and ( implementing a national Polar education and outreach program With the support of the FCT, PROPOLAR started in 2007 Portugal ratified the Antarctic Treaty in 2010 and the Madrid Protocol in 2014 and has established liaisons with major international Polar scientific and management organisations and networks PROPOLAR in close connection with the FCT, has ensured consolidation and sustainability of the development of Portuguese Polar science
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van Gemert, Rob, Per Holliland, Konrad Karlsson, Niklas Sjöberg, and Torbjörn Säterberg. Assessment of the eel stock in Sweden, spring 2024 : fifth post-evaluation of the Swedish eel management. Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.4iseib7eup.
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For decades, the population of the European eel has been in severe decline. In 2007, the European Union decided on a Regulation establishing measures for the recovery of the stock, which obliged Member States to implement a national Eel Management Plan by 2009. Sweden submitted its plan in 2008. According to the Regulation, Member States shall report regularly to the EU-Commission, on the implementation of their Eel Management Plans and the progress achieved in protection and restoration. The current report provides an assessment of the eel stock in Sweden as of spring 2024, intending to feed into the national reporting to the EU in August this year. This report updates and extends previous evaluation reports by Dekker (2012, 2015) and Dekker et al. (2018, 2021). In this report, the impacts on the stock - of fishing, restocking and mortality related to hydropower generation - are assessed. Other anthropogenic impacts (climate change, pollution, increased impacts of predators, spread of parasites, disruption of migration due to disorientation after transport, and so forth) probably have an impact on the stock too, but these factors are hardly quantifiable, and no management targets have been set. For that reason, and because most factors were not included in the EU Eel Regulation, these other factors are not included in this report. Our focus is on the quantification of silver eel biomass escaping from continental waters towards the ocean (current, current potential and pristine) and mortality risks endured by those eels during their whole lifetime. The assessment is broken down on a geographical basis, with different impacts dominating in different areas (west coast, inland waters, Baltic coast). In the last decade, a break in the downward trend in glass eel recruitment has been observed, with recruitment no longer declining consistently. Whether that relates to recent protective actions, or is due to other factors, is yet unclear. Nevertheless, recruitment levels remain at historically low levels. This report contributes to the required international assessment, but does not discuss the causing factors behind the recent recruitment trend and the overall status of the stock across Europe. For the different assessment areas, results summarise as follows: On the west coast, a commercial fyke net fishery on yellow eel was exploiting the stock, until this fishery was completely closed in spring 2012. A fishery-based assessment no longer being achievable, we present trends from research surveys (fyke nets). Insufficient information is currently available to assess the recovery of the stock in absolute terms. Obviously, current fishing mortality is zero (disregarding the currently unquantifiable effect of illegal fishing), but none of the other requested stock indicators (current, current potential and pristine biomass) can be presented. The formerly exploited size-classes of the stock show a recovery in abundance after the closure of the commercial fishery, and the smaller size classes show a break in their decline in line with the recent global trend of glass eel recruitment. In order to support the recovery of the stock, or to compensate for anthropogenic mortality in inland waters, young eel has been restocked on the Swedish west coast since 2010. Noting the quantity of restocking involved, the expected effect (ca. 50 t silver eel) is relatively small, and hard to verify – in comparison to the potential natural stock on the west coast (an order of 1000 t). However, for the currently depleted stock, the contribution will likely constitute a larger share of silver eel escapement. For inland waters, this report updates the 2021 assessment, with substantial changes in methodology being the use of a new natural recruitment model, and the full separation of Trap & Transport catches from the fisheries statistics. The assessment for the inland waters relies on a reconstruction of the stock from information on the youngest eels in our waters (natural recruits, assisted migration, restocking). Based on 78 years of data on natural recruitment into 22 rivers, a statistical model is applied which relates the number of immigrating young eel caught in traps to the location and size of each river, the distance from the trap to the river mouth, and the year in which those eels recruited to continental waters as a glass eel (year class). The further into the Baltic, the larger and less numerous recruits generally are. Distance upstream comes with less numerous recruits. Using the results from the above recruitment analysis, in combination with historical data on assisted migration (young eels transported upstream within a drainage area, across barriers) and restocking (young eels imported into a river system), we have a complete overview of how many young eels recruited to Swedish inland waters. From this, the production of fully grown silver eel is estimated for every lake and year separately, based on best estimates of growth and natural mortality rates. Subtracting the catch made by the fishery (as recorded) and down-sizing for the mortality incurred when passing hydropower stations (percentwise, as recorded or using a default percentage), an estimate of the biomass of silver eel escaping from each river towards the sea is derived. Results indicate, that since 1960, the production of silver eel in inland waters has declined from over 700 to below 300 tonnes per year (t/yr). The production of naturally recruited eels is still falling; following the increase in restocking since 2010, an increase in restocking-based production is expected to be starting right around now. Gradually, restocking has replaced natural recruitment (assisted and fully natural), now making up over 90 % of the inland stock. Fisheries have taken 20-30 % of the silver eel (since the mid-1980s), while the impact of hydropower has ranged from 25 % to 60 %, depending on the year. Escapement is estimated to have varied from 72 t in the late 1990s, to 175 t in the early 2000s. The biomass of current escapement (including eels of restocked origin) is approximately 15 % of the pristine level (incl. restocked), or almost 30 % of the current potential biomass (incl. restocked). This is below the 40 % biomass limit of the Eel Regulation, and anthropogenic mortality (70 % over the entire life span in continental waters) exceeds the limit implied in the Eel Regulation (60 % mortality, the complement of 40 % survival). Mortality being that high, Swedish inland waters currently do not contribute to the recovery of the stock. The temporal variation (in production, impacts and escapement) is partly the consequence of a differential spatial distribution of the restocking of eel over the years. The original natural (not assisted) recruits were far less impacted by hydropower, since they could not climb the hydropower dams when immigrating. Since 2010, inland restocking is increasingly concentrated to drainage areas falling to the Kattegat-Skagerrak, also including obstructed lakes (primarily Lake Vänern, and many smaller ones). Even though Trap & Transport of silver eel - from above barriers towards the sea - has contributed to reducing the hydropower impact, hydropower mortality remains the largest estimated contributor to silver eel mortality in inland waters. Without restocking, the biomass affected by fishery and/or hydropower would be only 5-10 % of the currently impacted biomass, but the stock abundance would reduce from 15 % to less than 3 % of the pristine biomass. In summary: the inland eel stock biomass is below the minimum target, anthropogenic impacts exceed the minimum limit that would allow recovery, and those impacts have been increasing. It is therefore recommended to reconsider the current action plans on inland waters, taking into account the results of the current, comprehensive assessment. For the Baltic coast, the 2021 assessment has been updated without major changes in methodology. Results indicate that the impact of the fishery continues to decline over the decades. The current impact of the Swedish silver eel fishery on the escapement of silver eel along the Baltic Sea coast is estimated at 0.3 %. However, this fishery is just one of the anthropogenic impacts (in other areas/countries) affecting the eel stock in the Baltic, including all types of impacts, on all life stages and all habitats anywhere in the Baltic. Integration with the assessments in other countries has not been achieved. Current estimates of the abundance of silver eel (biomass) indicates an order of several thousand tonnes, but those estimates are extremely uncertain, due to the low impact of the fishery (near-zero statistics). Moreover, these do not take into account the origin of those silver eels, from other countries. An integrated assessment for the whole Baltic will be required to ground-truth these estimates. This would also bring the eel assessments in line with the policy to regionalise stock assessments for other (commercial) fish species (see https://ec.europa.eu/oceans-and-fisheries/fisheries/rules/multiannual-plans_en). It is recommended to develop an integrated assessment for the entire Baltic Sea eel stock, and to coordinate protective measures with other range states.
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