Relevant bibliographies by topics / International platforms

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'International platforms'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 29 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "International platforms"

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Skaržauskienė, Aelita, and Monika Mačiulienė. "Mapping International Civic Technologies Platforms." Informatics 7, no. 4 (October 21, 2020): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/informatics7040046.

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The new communication paradigm supported by Information and Communication Technology (ICT) puts end-users at the center of innovation processes, thereby shifting the emphasis from technology to people. Citizen centric approaches such as New Public Governance and Open Government in the public management research suggest that government alone cannot be responsible for creating public value. Traditional approaches to public engagement and governmental reforms remain relevant, however our research is more interested in the ability of a networked society to resolve social problems for itself, i.e., without government intervention. In seeking to gain insights into bottom up co-creation processes, this paper aims to collect and generalize information on the international civic technology platforms by focusing on three dimensions: identification of the objectives (content), classification of main stakeholder groups (actors), and definition of co-creative methods (processes). In view of a paucity of research on Civic Technologies, the content analysis will extend the understanding of this growing field and allow us to identify the patterns in their development.
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Girich, M. G., and A. Saule. "INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS IMPACT ON THE REGULATION OF NATIONAL TAXI AGGREGATOR MARKETS." International Trade and Trade Policy, no. 2 (June 23, 2020): 146–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2410-7395-2020-2-146-161.

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The development of the sharing economy has affected the change in the passenger transportation market, as online platforms for taxi services have appeared. For example, Uber Technologies plays a significant role in the market, which in 2017 won first place in the top 10 startups of the sharing economy. Currently, there are many problems that arise with the regulation of online taxi platforms. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, together with the International Transport Forum, is conducting a study of the law enforcement practices of countries regarding the regulation of online taxi platforms (or taxi aggregators), in particular, the problems of deploying the online platform for the transport of passengers and baggage by passenger taxi as a regular online platform or as a transport provider, and licensing problems for such online platforms, problems of control over obtaining permission directly by the driver, problems of vehicle safety of control over the drivers, ensure quality of service, traffic security problems and etc.
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Close, Samantha, and Cynthia Wang. "International Platforms, International Prejudice in the Platformization of Crafting." Social Media + Society 6, no. 3 (July 2020): 205630512094069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305120940691.

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The platformization of crafting in an unequal world encourages discriminatory attitudes toward ethnic Others. Imagining that the “magic circle” of a subcultural platform can insulate users from racism is deeply misguided. We examine this thesis through a mixed-methods approach combining an online survey assessing perceived experiences of racism online and willingness to communicate with people of different ethnicities, discourse analysis of crafters’ online posts, and ethnographic interviews. As the e-commerce platform Etsy allowed “manufactured goods” to be sold in their marketplace as handmade, Western crafters channel their frustrations with a broken platform economy into racist sentiment against Chinese crafters. This study explores the implications of these Orientalist sentiments as a reinforcement of Western exceptionalism around originality and creativity, and it analyzes White fragility and the assumption of Whiteness within the crafting subculture.
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LI, YANG, and Seung Ho Park. "International Penetration of Emerging Market Platforms." Academy of Management Proceedings 2021, no. 1 (August 2021): 15058. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2021.15058abstract.

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Chigora, Farai, and Promise Zvavahera. "International Host Communities: A Positioning Platform for Zimbabwe Tourism Brand." Business and Management Horizons 3, no. 2 (November 9, 2015): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/bmh.v3i2.8548.

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The study investigated the strength of showcasing Zimbabwe tourism destination offerings at international platforms to its tourism brand performance. This was mainly based on the fact that the Zimbabwe tourism destination authorities are investing more in selling the country’s tourism brand at international platforms but not gaining a huge mileage in positioning the brand. The study employed a mixed methods research design combing both quantitative and qualitative approaches in extracting data from respondents. An in-depth interview was employed first as a qualitative technique in order to find the most common showcasing platforms from Zimbabwe tourism brand. This was done to senior managers and experts in the Zimbabwe tourism industry. Their responses revealed the platforms as carnivals, road shows, indabas, regional magazines and international interactive websites. A quantitative research was therefore done using survey questionnaires that were distributed to foreigners and local in order to assess the most dominant platform for positioning Zimbabwe’s tourism brand. The results show that indabas are the most effective platforms to brand Zimbabwe tourism brand. This is followed by international interactive websites and regional magazines. The research recommended that internationlising brand showcasing does not yield more on its own. There is a need to start with intensive local acceptance then go regional and international.
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Lee, Hang, Yung-Chang Hsiao, Chung-Jen Chen, and Ruey-Shan Guo. "Virtual vs physical platform: organizational capacity and slack, strategic decision and firm performance." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 35, no. 12 (May 20, 2020): 1983–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-07-2019-0341.

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Purpose This study aims to examine the relationship between organizational capacity, slack resource, platform strategic choice and firm performance. It also tackles the endogenous issues regarding the strategic choice of platform types. Design/methodology/approach This study uses Heckman’s two-stage procedures to examine the relationship between the variables. The sample in this study comes from Compustat annual company and segment files. The sample used in the main analysis consists of 252 individual corporations globally and 3,528 firm-year observations from 2004–2017. Findings The empirical results suggest that: (1) firms are more likely to develop physical platforms than virtual platforms when they possess higher levels of available slack, potential slack, research and development (R&D) capacity and marketing capacity; (2) in general, firms developing physical platforms perform better than firms developing virtual platforms after the endogeneity bias are controlled; and (3) firms that choose to develop physical platforms perform better than if they had chosen to develop virtual platforms. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to the platform research literature by proposing the endogenous role of platform type choice in firm performance in the context of the retail industry. Prior conceptual and theoretical platform studies have seldom focused on the retail industry through a strategic choice perspective. Furthermore, one of the contributions of this study is the derivation of empirical support for the research’s prediction using data from actual firms carried out by global physical and virtual platform companies. This study also presents many opportunities for further explorations on the relationship between firm strategic choice and firm performance in the context of platform retail industry. Practical implications The findings of this study suggest that firms must realize that their performance is not necessarily affected by these platform type choice determinants in terms of potential slack, available slack, R&D capacity and marketing capacity. By contrast, they should pay more attention to developing physical platforms if it is possible. The study findings indicate that although virtual platforms have grown rapidly because of the development of technology, firm performance is at all times superior when firms choose to develop physical platforms. Originality/value Prior platform studies have focused on the topic of network structure, platform architecture, pricing strategy, platform leadership and platform design and governance within the context of video game industry, software industry, hardware industry and telecommunications industry. Seldom of them focus on other industries through a strategic choice perspective. Furthermore, one of the contributions of this study is the derivation of empirical support for the research’s prediction using data from actual firms carried out by global physical and virtual platform companies.
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Denisova, A. I., O. M. Pisareva, and S. A. Suyazova. "Analysis of international practice in the development and implementation of public administration digital platforms." E-Management 3, no. 3 (November 20, 2020): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2658-3445-2020-3-3-34-44.

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Implementation of the task of creating a digital platform for a full-featured system of information and analytical support for public administration at the federal, regional and municipal levels, requires a lot of resources and serious expertise.In this regard, the subject of the study was the experience and trends in the construction and operation of digital platforms for state and public administration. The aim of the paper was to summarize the international practice of creating, operating and developing digital public administration platforms. As part of the study, the authors carry out a systematic, content and comparative analysis of various sources: regulatory documents, scientific papers, analytical materials of a number of international organizations, etc.The article presents the results of a study of world experience in the application of various tools to support e-government and support digital governance platforms. The authors describe global trends in the use of information and communication technologies to support public administration. The paper presents a list of general principles for the operation of digital platforms, gives the results of the analysis on the compliance with these principles of the state digital platform of the European Union, highlights its distinctive properties.The article forms proposals and development directions, based on the results and available studies on the development and promotion of digital management platforms, that can help accelerate the spread of digital transformation of public administration in the Russian Federation. The results of the study can be applied to identify the potential of the existing platform, its strengths and weaknesses, including in the context of the possibilities of developing the process of digital transformation of governance, as well as effectively moving towards the formation of the digital platform of public administration in the Russian Federation.
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Sosnov, T., and A. Pasko. "Online platforms in the system of modern international digital trade." E-Management 3, no. 2 (August 29, 2020): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2658-3445-2020-2-63-69.

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At the present stage of the development of international trade, online platforms have a defining impact on its development, as new business models appear, on the basis of which it becomes possible to significantly reduce marginal costs and increase productivity. The relevance of the problems investigated in the article increases as the format of international trade changes, when in a recession, new tools are needed to raise the efficiency of export-import operations between countries. The theoretical and methodological framework of the considered aspects includes foreign and domestic studies in the field of digitalization and the digital transformation of the world economy.An attempt of the conceptual justification and typology of online platforms and their significance in the international exchange system has been made in the paper. The main advantages of cross-border transaction platforms have been shown, it has been concluded that the attributes of online platforms may not be unique or specific, but it is their competent combination that often determines the intensive growth of platforms. According to authors, in the current conditions of the pandemic COVID-19, the role of online platforms in international trade is increasing, and this happens both at the national (through, for example, the growing use of delivery services) and at the international level (ensuring the operation of international payment systems, or individual components global value chains). Approaches to the global regulation of online platforms also have been considered. It has been established that the adaptation of trade policy rules developed internationally regarding the activities of online platforms plays a very important role, and one of the key aspects in this regard is the prohibition of tariffs on electronic commerce transactions. At least, this approach is followed by developed countries. However, developing countries often challenge it, pointing to the distortion of fair international competition rules as an argument.
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Sander, Barrie, and Nicholas Tsagourias. "The covid-19 Infodemic and Online Platforms as Intermediary Fiduciaries under International Law." Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies 11, no. 2 (December 9, 2020): 331–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18781527-01102002.

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Reflecting on the covid-19 infodemic, this paper identifies different dimensions of information disorder associated with the pandemic, examines how online platform governance has been evolving in response, and reflects on what the crisis reveals about the relationship between online platforms, international law, and the prospect of regulation. The paper argues that online platforms are intermediary fiduciaries of the international public good, and for this reason regulation should be informed by relevant standards that apply to fiduciary relationships.
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Zhang, Guo Jun. "The Architecture and Implementation for International Trade Settlement Software Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 2939–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.2939.

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As China's reform and opening up the market, in the process of the WTO entering China, a growing number of financial institutions, enterprises, and individual funds began to internationally trade in a variety of ways. This system is based on the domestic bank of international settlement business has carried on the earnest analysis, comprehensive bank core accounting system and the peripheral system experience, on the basis of the practical demand for business bank, under the guidance of senior international business professionals in the industry and the design and development. The international settlement system adopts B/S structure, based on the J2EE platform, achieve security, flexible, support for multiple platforms.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "International platforms"

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Hennart, Jean-François. "Digitalized service multinationals and international business theory." Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41267-019-00256-2.

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Banalieva and Dhanaraj argue that digital service multinationals (DSMNCs) possess a new category of firm-specific advantage (FSA), the network advantage, and that, contrary to extant theory, they use networks as a mode of governance. I review the business models used by DSMNCs, compare them to non-digital ones, and explore what we can learn about them from extant IB theory. I conclude that network advantages are not a new category of FSAs, that networks are not a mode of governance, and that their use by DSMNCs is well explained by extant theory.
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Agbi, Anita. "Social media platforms and travel destination choices among international students in umea." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för geografi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-160546.

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Social media platforms have the potential to influence destination choice among potential travellers.Before potential travellers embark on a trip, they are faced with decision-making processes on whereto go, what to do, the best time to go, how to get there among other things. These pre-travel planning decisions can be influenced by their expectation of the experiences they will encounter at the destination and based on their perception of the destination. Their perception of destinations isusually informed by information found on social media platforms or passed on by family and friendswho have encountered similar travel experiences. Using Crompton’s model of destination choice set,this study explores the roles of social media platforms on destination choice among international students in the Umea university.
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Ho, Dik Hong Duncan. "The practice and effectiveness of international dispute resolution platforms in the protection of intellectual property rights." access full-text access abstract and table of contents, 2007. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/dissert.pl?ma-slw-b22013696a.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2007.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Sept. 7, 2007) "A dissertation submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in arbitration and dispute resolution." Includes bibliographical references.
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Areal, Ludeña Santiago. "Oil platforms and private security in spanish law: An approach." Derecho & Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118997.

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Within the scope of the Spanish legislation, in this article we will develop the regulation about private security on oil rigs. In this sense, it is necessary to give a possible legal responses to this fact, because of the current drawbacks for proper regulation in the European country. It is therefore necessary to provide answers from the different perspectives of law such as the Public, Private International Law, Administrative Law, Commercial Law and Labor Law, International Law which will lead us to determine what should be the role of State.
Dentro del ámbito de aplicación de la legislación española, en el presente artículo desarrollaremos la regulación que existe respecto a la seguridad privada en las plataformas petroleras. En este sentido, es necesario dar unas posibles respuestas jurídicas ante este hecho, debido a los actuales inconvenientes para su adecuada regulación en el país europeo. Por ello, es necesario proporcionar respuestas desde las distintas perspectivas del derecho como son el Derecho Internacional Público, Derecho Internacional Privado, Derecho Administrativo, Derecho Mercantil y Derecho Laboral, lo que nos guiará a determinar cuál debería ser el papel de Estado.
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Edenkrantz, Reuben, and Edvin Holpers. "The Social Media Identity : An exploratory study on how Swedish companies conducts marketing on international social media." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105086.

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The world today has successively been shrinking in terms of distance between us as individuals, globalisation and the increased digitalisation of our society have made information accessible and connectivity simpler and more profound. In conjunction with digitalising our lives, a new medium within the digital world has risen to such prominence that it is now a factor of constant influence upon us and our environment, social media. As a consequence, people have to a large extent become digital natives. This has led to firms and brands sensing opportunities within the medium and the utilisation of its different unique vehicles. In combination with practitioners increased interest and utilisation of social media from a business standpoint, business and marketing researchers have conducted increasing amounts of research on the area. Subsequently, the researchers of this paper identified the need for an increased understanding of social media marketing strategies, as further highlighted by other researchers in previous studies on the field of social media marketing. Thus, the purpose to contribute to an increased understanding of social media marketing and how this international medium, with its unique features and possibilities, could be used as a marketing tool by companies in their respective industry and market was formulated.  To provide the profound understanding stated, due to the complex nature of the matter at hand, an abductive approach was used and motivated for. The theories and concepts used for formulation of the questions in the operationalisation, for the semi-structured interviews, was presented from a broad to narrow structure under the literature review. Furthermore, the theories were summarised in the conceptual framework. The following analysis categorised and positioned the informants and their respective firms under four sub-concepts of the main concept of social media marketing strategies. These categorisations laid the foundation for the conclusion of the paper and the answering of the posed research question. The final chapter then concludes by stating the researcher’s recommendations and the presentation of an example of a possible model for the stages of utilising social media to its fullest extent. Finally, limitations and avenues for future research topics are presented and concludes the paper. The paper provides an increased and profound understanding of how four Swedish firms, in different sectors, utilise the same tool for digital marketing. We suggest that all firms active on social media for marketing purposes, should aim to adapt their marketing towards the full utilisation of all its features and possibilities. Furthermore, a process of adapting traditional marketing to the new form of social media marketing, utilising the mediums unique features and possibilities are subsequently discussed. A possible future model to describe this adaptation process are presented and further elaborated upon as one avenue for future research.
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Terry, Patrick. "US-Iran relations in international law since 1979 hostages, oil platforms, nuclear weapons and the use of force." Rangendingen (Hechingen) Libertas, 2008. http://d-nb.info/993662307/04.

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Tabuenca, Cuevas María Felicidad. "Methodologies for vitual communication: English language skills and cultural competences for international managers of on-line projects." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/27342.

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The methodologies for English language teaching and the roles os ESP and EIL are discussed. Additionally, the role of culture and learning theories for prefessional training are presented. This framework is applied to two pilot programs and the results are debated. Consequently, a new framework is designed that includes new methodologies and places a greater importance on the role of EIL.
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Dobele, Linda. "Female Student-Athlete Golfers’ Use of Online Recruiting Platforms to Seek Scholarships: A Global Perspective." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3910.

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The prospective student-athletes’ use of an online recruiting platform to seek college scholarships has become a norm. College coaches recruit prospective-student athletes often using tools like global personal contacts, on-site recruiting, and online recruiting platforms. Online recruiting platforms offer several services and vary in price. This study examines female student-athlete golfers’ use of the online recruiting platform to seek scholarships from a global perspective. Previous research suggests that prospective student-athletes prefer online recruiting platforms while college coaches often use other outlets which can lead to miscommunication and lost opportunities. The services, price, and usability of 20 sports online recruiting platforms in the United States were examined to find out what is offered to prospective-student athletes. Interviews of NCAA Division I collegiate coaches were conducted to examine the most common recruiting tools used by the coaches and their opinions of the use of online recruiting platforms.
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Cirannek, Vanessa. "Die Exportplattform als Instrument der ausländischen Marktversorgung." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2014/7134/.

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Zur Versorgung ausländischer Märkte bedienen sich Unternehmen unterschiedlicher Versorgungsformen. Die proximity-concentration trade-off-Literatur betrachtet die Wahl zwischen Export und Auslandsproduktion und erklärt die Entstehung von internationalem Handel und horizontalen ausländischen Direktinvestitionen. Das Standardmodell von Brainard (1993) integriert die Auslandsproduktion als alternative Versorgungsform zum Handel in ein allgemeines Gleichgewichtsmodell mit zwei Ländern, monopolistischer Konkurrenz, steigenden Skalenerträgen und Transportkosten. Im Gleichgewicht versorgen Unternehmen ausländische Märkte entweder durch Exporte oder eine Auslandsproduktion. Die real zu beobachtende Ko-Existenz von internationalem Handel und ausländischen Direktinvestitionen auf der Unternehmensebene kann mit diesem Modell nicht erklärt werden. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird die Exportplattform (EP) als mögliche Antwort auf dieses Phänomen herangezogen. Eine Exportplattform ist eine Auslandsproduktion, durch die nicht nur der lokale Auslandsmarkt, sondern auch Drittländer versorgt werden. Im modelltheoretischen Teil dieser Arbeit wird ein partialanalytisches EP-Modell formuliert, dass auf Brainard (1993) aufbaut. Dabei wird ihr Modell um eine Mehr-Länder-Welt mit heterogener Verteilungsstruktur erweitert und die Versorgungsalternative der EP-Exporte nach dem Beispiel von Neary (2002) integriert. Durch die analytische Lösung des partiellen Gleichgewichts lässt sich die substitutive Beziehung zwischen Heimatexporten, Auslandsproduktion und EP-Exporten aufzeigen. Ferner kann die Wirkung der Versorgungskosten auf die Versorgungswahl analysiert werden. Dabei wird neben der analytischen Modellbeschreibung besonders auf die Gleichgewichtsbestimmung und die Existenz der Gleichgewichte eingegangen. Aufbauend auf den analytisch abzuleitenden Hypothesen wird das EP-Modell ferner einem empirischen Signifikanztest unterzogen. Unter Anwendung von nicht-linearen Regressionsverfahren wird die Wahl zwischen EP-Exporten und Auslandsproduktion, zwischen EP- und Heimatexporten sowie zwischen EP-Exporten und der EP-Produktion separat geschätzt. Hierfür wird auf Daten der Automobilindustrie zurückgegriffen, welche die regionalen PKW-Produktions- und -Absatzdaten sämtlicher Automobilhersteller in Osteuropa, Asien und Ozeanien umfassen.
The proximity-concentration trade-off literature explains the choice between international trade and foreign direct investments. In this book, the co-existence of international trade and foreign direct investments is explained by analyzing the choice of export platforms. First, a partial equilibrium model with monopolistic competition, increasing economies of scale, trade costs and fixed costs is developed and enhanced with a heterogeneous, spatial distribution of regions. Second, hypothesis are tested with international trade and production data from the automotive industry.
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Gunzenhauser, Martin. "Platform concepts for the systems business : design and development of global product platforms /." Düsseldorf : VDI-Verl, 2008. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/57181302X.pdf.

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Books on the topic "International platforms"

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1964-, Davies Nigel, Raymond Kerry, Seitz Jochen 1968-, and International Federation for Information Processing., eds. Middleware '98: IFIP International Conference on Distributed Systems Platforms and Open Distributed Processing. Berlin: Springer, 1998.

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Strub, Christopher M. The international legal implications of the Mobile Offshore Base: No army or air force is an island. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1997.

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IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms (1996 Dresden, Germany). Distributed platforms: Proceedings of the IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms: client/server and beyond: DCE, CORBA, ODP and advanced distributed applications. London: Chapman & Hall, 1996.

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Schill, Alexander. Distributed Platforms: Proceedings of the IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms: Client/Server and Beyond: DCE, CORBA, ODP and Advanced Distributed Applications. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996.

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International Symposium on Offshore Engineering (5th 1985 Federal University of Rio de Janeiro). Offshore engineering, volume 5: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Offshore Engineering held at COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, September 1985. London: Pentech Press, 1986.

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Shakai shugi to soshiki genri. Tōkyō: Madosha, 1989.

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RAO (2nd 1995 Saint Petersburg, Russia). Transactions: Second international conference : development of Russian Arctic offshore : St. Petersburg, 18-21 September 1995 [g.]. Edited by Fomin A. V. Moscow: [s.n.], 1995.

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IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Open Distributed Processing and Distributed Platforms (1997 Toronto, Ont.). Open distributed processing and distributed platforms: Proceedings of the IFIP/IEEE international conference on Open Distributed Processing and Distributed Platforms : 26-30 May 1997, Toronto, Canada. London: Chapman & Hall on behalf of the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP), 1997.

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Wegelein, Florian H. Th. Marine scientific research: The operation and status of research vessels and other platforms in international law. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2005.

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Rachid, Guerraoui, ed. Middleware 2001: IFIP/ACM International Conference on Distributed Systems Platforms, Heidelberg, Germany, November 12-16, 2001 : proceedings. Berlin: Springer, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "International platforms"

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Hu, Lala. "Chinese Digital and Mobile Platforms." In International Digital Marketing in China, 31–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38160-8_3.

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Kastrati, Zenun, Ali Shariq Imran, and Sule Yildirim Yayilgan. "Building Domain Ontologies for Hyperlinked Multimedia Pedagogical Platforms." In HCI International 2014 - Posters’ Extended Abstracts, 95–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07854-0_17.

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Hayden, Craig. "Technology Platforms for Public Diplomacy: Affordances for Education." In International Education Exchanges and Intercultural Understanding, 59–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43829-0_5.

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Junjie, Liang. "Key Security Technologies of Cloud Computing Platforms." In Proceedings of International Conference on Soft Computing Techniques and Engineering Application, 411–17. New Delhi: Springer India, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1695-7_47.

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Choi, Min-Kook, and Heechul Jung. "Development of Fast Refinement Detectors on AI Edge Platforms." In Pattern Recognition. ICPR International Workshops and Challenges, 592–606. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68799-1_43.

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Robinson, D. K. R. "Future and Available Space Platforms for Scientific Research." In Beyond the International Space Station: The Future of Human Spaceflight, 297–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9880-4_51.

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Alonso-Fernandez, Fernando, Javier Barrachina, Kevin Hernandez-Diaz, and Josef Bigun. "SqueezeFacePoseNet: Lightweight Face Verification Across Different Poses for Mobile Platforms." In Pattern Recognition. ICPR International Workshops and Challenges, 139–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68793-9_10.

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Rasmussen, Christoffer Bøgelund, Aske Rasch Lejbølle, Kamal Nasrollahi, and Thomas B. Moeslund. "Evaluation of Edge Platforms for Deep Learning in Computer Vision." In Pattern Recognition. ICPR International Workshops and Challenges, 523–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68799-1_38.

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Sawyer, Suzana, and Edmund Terence Gomez. "Conclusion: Attending to the Paradox: Public Governance and Inclusive International Platforms." In The Politics of Resource Extraction, 253–60. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230368798_12.

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Caddell, Richard. "Platforms, Protestors and Provisional Measures: The Arctic Sunrise Dispute and Environmental Activism at Sea." In Netherlands Yearbook of International Law, 359–84. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-060-2_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "International platforms"

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Zhao, Dong, Dongmei Cai, Rujian Ma, Zhonghe Chen, Zhaofu Qu, and Jungang Wang. "Construction and Optimization of the Anti-Vibration Mega-Frame Platforms." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29142.

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A new 16-leg mega-frame platform (MFP) was constructed based on an actual jacket platform (W12–1) using the mega-frame theory. Two control platforms, traditional jacket platform and jacket platform with upright column, were also built based on principle that all the platforms had the equal or similar weight, the same upper deck structure and the same function. Every column of the MFP had the most equal load and the smallest stress under the same horizontal and vertical unequal loads. So the MFP had the best loads bearing ability of all the three types’ platforms above. In order to find out the effect of the structure parameters’ change to the platforms’ static performance, many types of MFPs were constructed by changing the number, the height and the stiffness of the major beams and/or by changing the stiffness and the angle of the major columns on the basic model MFP-313707. The analyses of all types of MFPs with different parameters under the same horizontal and vertical unequal loads show that: 1) The increase of the major beams’ height makes the platforms’ columns bear more equally than the increase of the major beams’ number; 2) The increase of major columns’ stiffness has better effect on the platform’s maximal deformation decrease and the columns’ loads equality. And the effect of the increase of the major beams’ and columns’ stiffness on the MFP’s static capability has the optimal values. Beyond the optimal values, the increase of the platforms’ weight caused by the increase of the stiffness is much bigger than the decrease of the platform’s deformation and the increase of the columns’ loads’ equality. The analyses also show that the slope angle of the platforms’ columns must be set around 10°.
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Zhao, Dong, Rujian Ma, and Dongmei Cai. "Vibration Control of Offshore Platforms Using a Wideband METMD System." In 25th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2006-92552.

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A wideband multiple extended tuned mass dampers (METMD) system has been developed for reducing the multiple resonant responses of the platforms to all kinds of loads, such as earthquake, typhoon, tsunami and big ice load. This system is composed of several subsystems, each of which consists of one set of extended tuned mass damper (ETMD) unit covering a specific frequency bandwidth, and its average frequency is tuned to one of the first resonant frequencies of the platform. The offshore platform is simplified to a single degree-of-freedom (DOF) system to which a METMD subsystem (composed of m ETMDs) is attached and constitutes m+1 DOFs system. The total mass ratio of the METMD subsystem to the platform is 14% and the frequency ratio of the exciting frequency to the platform’s natural frequency varies in [0.5, 1.5]. The theory analysis shows that: 1) the platform has the better vibration control effect when the non-dimensional frequency bandwidth Ω, which is defined as the ratio of the frequency range to the controlled (target) platforms natural frequency, is in [0.35, 0.6]; 2) the damping coefficient ξ of ETMD systems is in [0.05, 0.15] and 3) the number of the ETMDs is 5 when Ω = 0.45 and ξ = 0.1. The FEM simulation shows that the METMD has a better vibration control effect on the mega-platforms’ vibration control under the random ocean wave load.
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"Distributed Platforms - Proceedings of the IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms: Client/Server and Beyond: DCE, CORBA, ODP and Advanced Distributed Applications." In 1996 IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms. IEEE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdp.1996.864180.

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Ji, Chunyan. "Experimental Studies on Semi-Active Vibration Control of Jacket Platforms With Magnetorheological Damper." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79847.

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Jacket platforms are inevitably undergoing the environmental loads such as wind, waves, current, ice and earthquake etc., which will induce continuous vibration of the platforms. The vibration, on one hand, will cause fatigue damage, decreasing the platform’s reliability; on the other hand, the excessive vibration can’t satisfy the basic psychological requirements of the personnel. In order to reduce the excessive vibration of jacket platforms effectively, many control strategy and control equipments are proposed and studied. In the present study, a model experiment is designed to investigate the effectiveness of semi-active vibration control system with Magnetorheological (MR) Damper. A typical jacket offshore platform in Mexico Gulf is selected as experimental prototype. The model of the jacket platform is designed based on dynamical similarity criterion by the scale of 1:50. Furthermore, the optimal semi-active system of MR damper is designed by fuzzy control theory. In order to investigate the control effect of MR damper on the jacket platform under regular and random wave state, several model experiment load cases are performed. The experimental results show that the MR system designed by fuzzy theory can reduce the vibration of the platform effectively and in the same time the control effect is stable.
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Korchagina, S. N., and A. A. Krulev. "Russian scientific and technical publications on international platforms." In World-class scientific publication – 2018: Editorial Policy, Open Access, Scientific Communications: Proceedings of the 7th International Scientific and Practical Conference. Association of Science Editors and Publishers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24069/konf-24-27-04-2018.14.

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Sudjianto, Agus, and Kevin Otto. "Modularization to Support Multiple Brand Platforms." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/dtm-21695.

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Abstract Methods to determine acceptable architecture for multiple platforms supporting multiple brands must represent both platform cost saving commonization as well as revenue enhancing brand distinctions. Functional architecting methods determine modularization based upon functional concerns. Brand identity is additionally determined by sensory aesthetics. We introduce three architecting rules to maintain brand identity in platforms. A dominant theme must be ensured on each product of a brand, and this must be transferred to each product’s specifications and aesthetics. Elements critical to brand identity must be made common across all products in a brand. For any platform, brand specific elements must be maintained unique on each product variant. The set of elements not identified as a brand carrier can be made common to a platform. A matrix representation of each platform and its supported brand variants is useful as an architecting tool.
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Kung, Antonio, and Scott Hansen. "ANRTS platforms." In the 4th international workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1167999.1168020.

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Wang, Liangsheng, Kaisheng Chen, and Justin Bucknell. "Structural Reliability Assessment of Offshore Platforms Under Hurricane Events." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29313.

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This paper presents a structural reliability assessment method to quantify the probability of platform failure for Trinidad offshore platforms subjected to hurricane events. Platforms are modeled as a series system composed of the topsides and jacket including foundation. The platform failure limit state function is defined in terms of environmental load and platform capacity. The platform capacity is evaluated by non-linear pushover analysis using USFOS program. A parametric relationship of wave load as a function of wave height is derived based on the offshore extreme environmental data. The first order reliability method (FORM) is used to estimate the annual failure probability. The relationship between the probability of platform failure and the reserve strength ratio (RSR) of platforms is investigated. The assessment results could be used to evaluate the level of risk associated with hurricane hazards and may be incorporated into the risk-based underwater inspection (RBUI) program as part of the structural integrity management (SIM) process.
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"Standards for distributed platforms." In 1996 IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms. IEEE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdp.1996.864181.

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Staykova, Kalina, and Jan Damsgaard. "Introducing Platform Interactions Model for Studying Multi-Sided Platforms." In Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2018.627.

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Reports on the topic "International platforms"

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Carballo, Jerónimo, Marisol Rodriguez Chatruc, Catalina Salas Santa, and Christian Volpe Martincus. Online Business Platforms and International Trade. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002459.

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Tiefenthaler, Brigitte. Evaluierung der Nationalen Vernetzungsplattformen des BMBWF. Technopolis Group - Austria, February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2020.507.

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As part of the initiative "Strategic Networking Platforms in the Context of Major Societal Challenges", the BMBWF funded four networking platforms, starting in mid-2016: - Network Ageing - Ageing and Demographic Change as Challenge and Opportunity". - National networking platform for personalised medicine (ÖPPM) - National networking platform for "Sustainable Water Systems - National Networking Platform for "European and International Climate Agendas The three-year funding periods of these networking platforms will end in 2020 at the latest. Therefore, the EU and OECD Research Policy Division (Division V) responsible for the networking platforms OECD Research Policy (Department V/5) of the BMBWF commissioned Technopolis Group Austria to evaluate the National Networking Platforms of the BMBWF. The aim was to analyse what has been achieved so far and, on this basis, to develop recommendations for future work, both individually for each funded networking platform and for the design and management of the platform initiative itself by the BMBWF - with regard to the latter, the four funded networking platforms serve as pilot projects.
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Brynjolfsson, Erik, Xiang Hui, and Meng Liu. Does Machine Translation Affect International Trade? Evidence from a Large Digital Platform. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24917.

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Gastelum, Zoe N., Ernest T. N. Gitau, Joel R. Doehle, and Christopher M. Toomey. Feasibility Study of Implementing a Mobile Collaborative Information Platform for International Safeguards Inspections. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1167311.

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P., DALLA VILLA. Overcoming the impact of COVID-19 on animal welfare: COVID-19 Thematic Platform on Animal Welfare. O.I.E (World Organisation for Animal Health), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/bull.2020.nf.3137.

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The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) represents 182 countries with a focus on animal health, animal welfare and veterinary public health. The OIE has several Collaborating Centres that support the work of the organisation. The Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘Giuseppe Caporale’ (IZSAM) is the Secretariat for the OIE Collaborating Centre Network on Veterinary Emergencies (EmVetNet). In April 2020, the IZSAM initiated a COVID-19 Thematic Platform on Animal Welfare. The working group represented the EmVetNet Collaborating Centres, international institutions, veterinary associations, authorities and animal welfare organisations. Lincoln Memorial University College of Veterinary Medicine recruited summer research students whom catalogued over 1,200 animal welfare related reports and provided 64 report narratives for the working group. IZSAM launched the EmVetNet website (https://emvetnet.izs.it) for public and private exchange of information, materials, and guidelines related to veterinary emergencies. The EmVetNet COVID-19 Thematic Platform on Animal Welfare continues to meet to address emerging issues, strengthen the network for future emergencies, and share information with stakeholders including national Veterinary Services responding to the epidemic.
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P., DALLA VILLA. Overcoming the impact of COVID-19 on animal welfare: COVID-19 Thematic Platform on Animal Welfare. O.I.E (World Organisation for Animal Health), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/bull.2020.nf.3137.

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The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) represents 182 countries with a focus on animal health, animal welfare and veterinary public health. The OIE has several Collaborating Centres that support the work of the organisation. The Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘Giuseppe Caporale’ (IZSAM) is the Secretariat for the OIE Collaborating Centre Network on Veterinary Emergencies (EmVetNet). In April 2020, the IZSAM initiated a COVID-19 Thematic Platform on Animal Welfare. The working group represented the EmVetNet Collaborating Centres, international institutions, veterinary associations, authorities and animal welfare organisations. Lincoln Memorial University College of Veterinary Medicine recruited summer research students whom catalogued over 1,200 animal welfare related reports and provided 64 report narratives for the working group. IZSAM launched the EmVetNet website (https://emvetnet.izs.it) for public and private exchange of information, materials, and guidelines related to veterinary emergencies. The EmVetNet COVID-19 Thematic Platform on Animal Welfare continues to meet to address emerging issues, strengthen the network for future emergencies, and share information with stakeholders including national Veterinary Services responding to the epidemic.
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Kud, A. A. Figures and Tables. Reprinted from “Comprehensive сlassification of virtual assets”, A. A. Kud, 2021, International Journal of Education and Science, 4(1), 52–75. KRPOCH, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26697/reprint.ijes.2021.1.6.a.kud.

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Figure. Distributed Ledger Token Accounting System. Figure. Subjects of Social Relations Based on the Decentralized Information Platform. Figure. Derivativeness of a Digital Asset. Figure. Semantic Features of the Concept of a “Digital Asset” in Economic and Legal Aspects. Figure. Derivativeness of Polyassets and Monoassets. Figure. Types of Tokenized Assets Derived from Property. Figure. Visual Representation of the Methods of Financial and Management Accounting of Property Using Various Types of Tokenized Assets. Figure. Visual Representation of the Classification of Virtual Assets Based on the Complexity of Their Nature. Table. Comparison of Properties of Various Types of Virtual Assets of the Distributed Ledger Derivative of the Original Asset. Table. Main Properties and Parameters of Types of Tokenized Assets. Table. Classification of Virtual Assets as Tools for Implementing the Methods of Financial and Management Accounting of Property.
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Pickard, Justin, Shilpi Srivastava, Mihir R. Bhatt, and Lyla Mehta. SSHAP In-Focus: COVID-19, Uncertainty, Vulnerability and Recovery in India. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.011.

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This paper addresses COVID-19 in India, looking at how the interplay of inequality, vulnerability, and the pandemic has compounded uncertainties for poor and marginalised groups, leading to insecurity, stigma and a severe loss of livelihoods. A strict government lockdown destroyed the incomes of farmers and urban informal workers and triggered an exodus of migrant workers from Indian cities, a mass movement which placed additional pressures on the country's rural communities. Elsewhere in the country, lockdown restrictions and pandemic response have coincided with heatwaves, floods and cyclones, impeding disaster response and relief. At the same time, the pandemic has been politicised to target minority groups (such as Muslims, Dalits), suppress dissent, and undermine constitutional values. The paper focuses on how COVID-19 has intersected with and multiplied existing uncertainties faced by different vulnerable groups and communities in India who have remained largely invisible in India's development story. With the biggest challenge for government now being to mitigate the further fall of millions of people into extreme poverty, the brief also reflects on pathways for recovery and transformation, including opportunities for rural revival, inclusive welfare, and community response. This brief is based on a review of existing published and grey literature, and 23 interviews with experts and practitioners from 12 states in India, including representation from domestic and international NGOs, and local civil society organisations. It was developed for the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP) by Justin Pickard, Shilpi Srivastava, Lyla Mehta (IDS), and Mihir R. Bhatt. Some of the cases draw on ongoing research of the TAPESTRY project, which explores bottom-up transformations in marginal environments across India and Bangladesh.
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African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.

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This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.
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Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) Science Plan: Exciting Opportunities Using OOI Data. Ocean Observatories Initiative Facility Board, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23860/ooi-science-plan-2021-01.

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Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) Science Plan: Exciting Opportunities Using OOI Data articulates the exciting research, educational opportunities, and pathways to advancing the understanding of high-priority science questions using OOI data. Specifically, this Science Plan is intended to inspire and enable the research endeavors of ocean scientists and educators, encourage collaborations, and motivate the training of future generations of scientists. This document highlights the broad science themes and provides examples of important multidisciplinary science questions that require the OOI’s novel technology. Sidebars from scientists using OOI data illustrate the novel approaches being used to address long-standing science questions that are hard to address using ship-based expeditionary practices. The Science Plan includes a high-level synopsis of the current ocean network, OOI program management, and data quality control and delivery. Innovative platforms and technologies are highlighted, as well as best practices developed by the OOI program. The Plan includes examples of educational opportunities and new applications provided by OOI data and ocean observing concepts. Community Engagement activities promoted by the OOI are featured. The document describes the ways in which current U.S. interagency partnerships and international collaborations make use of the OOI network in unique ways. Finally, information on how scientists and educators can participate in the OOI is provided.
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