Relevant bibliographies by topics / International film trade

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'International film trade'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "International film trade"

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Chung, Jae Eun. "Mapping International Film Trade: Network Analysis of International Film Trade Between 1996 and 2004." Journal of Communication 61, no. 4 (August 2011): 618–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01567.x.

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Freebury, Jane. "Screening Australia: Gallipoli — A Study of Nationalism on Film." Media Information Australia 43, no. 1 (February 1987): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x8704300102.

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Before Crocodile Dundee it seemed that only the frenzied energy of a film like Mad Max could get results in the lucrative markets outside Australia. Now it seems a feature film with Australian content in large measure can do this after all. Now is probably a good time to ask ourselves some questions: Do we want to produce films made to a formula for international success? Or do we want to produce films that have special meaning for us, films that we can ‘participate’ in? Is it possible to make films that trade in both currencies, national and international?
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Oh, Jeongho. "International Trade in Film and the Self-Sufficiency Ratio." Journal of Media Economics 14, no. 1 (January 2001): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327736me1401_03.

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Choi, Junho H., Sang-Woo Lee, and Bum-Soo Chon. "Transitions in the Film Trade among Oecd Countries: A Network Approach." Media International Australia 142, no. 1 (February 2012): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1214200104.

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This article explores the structural transitions of the international film trade among 32 OECD countries over eleven years since 1996. A network analysis of the trade data shows that there have been changes in the pattern of the film trade over the past decade, and this transition is markedly apparent around 2002, when the WTO Doha Round was launched. A discrepancy between film import and export partnership patterns has enlarged since 2002. While the export pattern among OECD countries is stable over time, the film-import pattern shows a temporal transition before and after 2002. The results also demonstrate that the US film industry has utilised partial localisation strategies, such as co-production and runaway production, in an effort to maintain dominance in the international film market.
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ChanDo Lee. "Analysis of Trade Specialization on Korean Film in International Market." International Commerce and Information Review 12, no. 4 (December 2010): 327–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15798/kaici.12.4.201012.327.

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Vélez-Serna, Maria A., and John Caughie. "Remote Locations: Early Scottish Scenic Films and Geo-databases." International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing 9, no. 2 (October 2015): 164–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ijhac.2015.0147.

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In the field of cinema history, an increased interest in social experience and context has challenged the centrality of the film and the primacy of textual analysis. The ‘Early Cinema in Scotland, 1896–1927’ research project takes a contextual approach, using geo-database tools to facilitate collaboration. This article shows how spatially-enabled methods can also be mobilized to bring issues of representation back into a cinema history project. We argue that, when the films have not survived, their geographical descriptors as recorded by trade-press reviews and catalogues offer new avenues of analysis. The article argues that foregrounding location as a significant element in the film corpus creates a new point of interconnection between film text and context. The juxtapositions and divergences between the spatial patterns of film production and cinema exhibition are connected to pre-cinematic traditions of representation. The spatial distribution also sheds light on the differences between films made for local and international consumption, reflecting on Scotland's position in relation to discourses of modernity.
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Solomon, Matthew. "From Screen to Stage and Back: Max Linder and the ‘Cinematographic Sketch’, 1908–1913." Nineteenth Century Theatre and Film 48, no. 1 (March 22, 2021): 30–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17483727211000209.

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Between 1908 and 1913, as Max Linder emerged as a major international film star for Pathé, he made a specialty of combining film projections with live theatre performances. In these ‘cinematographic sketches’, action that began onscreen appeared to continue onstage. Using considerable primary-source evidence drawn from French, British, and American film and theatre trade periodicals, the essay demonstrates the liminality of Linder’s multimedia stardom during cinema’s ‘transitional period’ by demonstrating how frequently he went from screen to stage and back.
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Choi, Yong-Jae, Chung-ki Min, and Chanyul Park. "Effects of Trade Barriers and Cultural Distance on the Domestic Market Share in the Film Industry." World Trade Review 19, no. 1 (May 14, 2019): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745619000077.

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AbstractThe objective of this study is to investigate the effects of trade barriers and cultural distance on the domestic market share in the film industry. We analyze panel data with both two-stage least squares and instrumental-variable methods. These methods can separate the effects of time-invariant measures of trade barriers and cultural difference from country-specific effects. This improvement in the estimation method and the use of a more appropriate measure of trade barriers in the film industry enable us to produce empirical results that are consistent with theoretical arguments. Based on the panel data collected from 30 countries for the period 2001–2013, the empirical results herein indicate that the cultural distance, as well as market size, is an important factor for the domestic market share. Trade barriers are also shown to be a significant factor, but the magnitude of their impact on the domestic market share is much smaller than that of the market size.
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Nahrawi, Jalaluddin, and Nabilla Puti Syafira. "Represenasi Citra Positif Islam dalam film Kingdom of Heaven." Medina-Te : Jurnal Studi Islam 15, no. 1 (August 3, 2019): 58–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.19109/medinate.v15i1.3249.

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After the bombing of the World Trade Center (WTC) building in 1993, Hollywood has intensively produced films which have laid the blame of terrorist acts in the United States on Muslims. These films give a bad image to Muslims,particularly after the 2001 WTC bombing by Al-Qaeda.It was reported that the leading print media increased their reportage of news about Islam by 560%. After the events of 9/11, the issue of Islamophobia again became a hot issue not only in America, but also in countries with a small Muslim populations. Uniquely, four years later, Hollywood released the movie Kingdom of Heaven film which gives a more positive image of Islam. The film tries to counter the negative stigma of Westerners of the teachings of Islam, as well as educate the international community on true teachings of Islam through the story of Saladin's generosity while leading the Islamic forces during the Crusading era. This study aims to determine the meaning of the denotations, connotations, and myths of the signs that exist in the film Kingdom of Heaven on the positive image of Islam presented in it. This research method is a qualitative interpretive and semiotics analysis of Roland Barthes. The results of research ison six analysis units in the form of scenes in Kingdom of Heaven which show a positive image of Islam successfully portrayed in the film.
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CONCONI, PAOLA, and JOOST PAUWELYN. "Trading Cultures: Appellate Body Report on China–Audiovisuals (WT/DS363/AB/R, adopted 19 January 2010)." World Trade Review 10, no. 1 (January 2011): 95–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745610000479.

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AbstractIn China–Audiovisuals, a series of Chinese restrictions on the importation and distribution of certain ‘cultural’ or ‘content’ goods and services were found to violate GATT, GATS, and China's Accession Protocol. This paper reviews the definition of what is a ‘good’ (is a ‘film’ a good or a service?) and the extent to which GATT Article XX exceptions can justify violations under WTO instruments other than the GATT itself. We argue that trade volumes are unlikely to significantly rise as a result of this ruling as it does not affect China's right to keep out foreign films and publications if China finds them objectionable. However, foreign producers of audiovisuals can now gain potentially large economic rents, by being able to export and distribute their products into the Chinese market. Finally, we discuss the issue of the protection of cultural goods and review the recent literature on trade and culture that has put forward economic arguments to justify, under some conditions, the protection of cultural goods.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "International film trade"

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Colson-Duparchy, Alexia. "Bridges, hoops and pools : international film co-production : the interface between culture and trade." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78210.

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International film co-productions are sometimes thought of by the Americans as a form of financing providing the U.S. with the ability to sell works to its most important export market, Europe. Europe prefers thinking of it as way to provide its market with works that reflect European culture and ideals. This thesis questions the reality of such a statement, using the examples of the EU, the U.S. and Canada.
The author first explains the mechanism of co-production within the framework of a presentation of the methods of film financing. Follows a twofold discussion on the current nature of international co-productions, on both the international and national levels.
A considerable portion of this work examines the terms of the debate about the interplay between culture and trade. As an instrument used in the audiovisual industry, therefore strongly connected to cultural industries, international co-production is indeed an ideal model to represent the tensions existing between culture and global trade. This thesis sets international co-production up as a symbol of the interface between culture and trade.
Follows a debate on the congruity of the existing global and regional trade agreements for the protection of a culture always weaker in its diversity and propagation. With the prospect of the imminent phasing out of the sectoral exemptions allowed by the GATS, the inadequacy of the NAFTA cultural exemption and current quota policy systems, what would be best to calm down the tensions between culture and trade? Three solutions are discussed here: the New International Instrument on Cultural Diversity; a powerful competitor to the American majors such as Vivendi-Universal, and the technique of co-ventures.
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Hope, Cathy, and n/a. "A History of the Sydney and Melbourne Film Festivals, 1945-1972: negotiating between culture and industry." University of Canberra. Creative Communication, 2004. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050630.130907.

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This thesis is a history of the Sydney and Melbourne International Film Festivals, and covers the years from 1945 to 1972. Based primarily on archival material, it is an organisational history dealing with the attempts by the two Film Festivals to negotiate between the demands of �culture� and �industry� throughout this period. The thesis begins with a consideration of the origins of the Festivals in the post-war period �with the attempts by non-Hollywood producers to break into the cinema market, the collapse of the �mass audience�, and the growth of the film society movement in Australia. The thesis then examines the establishment in the early 1950s of the Sydney and Melbourne Festivals as small, amateur events, run by and for film enthusiasts. It then traces the Festivals� historical development until 1972, by which time both Festivals had achieved an important status as social and cultural organisations within Australia. The main themes dealt with throughout this period of development include the Festivals� difficult negotiations with both the international and domestic film trade, their ongoing internal debates over their role and purpose as cultural organisations, their responses to the appearance of other international film festivals in Australia, their relation to the Australian film industry, and their fight to liberalise Australia�s film censorship regulations.
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Howard, Christopher. "From the reverse-course policy to high-growth: japanese international film trade in the context of the Cold War." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540697.

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The aim of this thesis is to reappraise the effects of the Cold War on Japanese cinema from the immediate postwar period until the start of Japan's economic boom in the 1960s. Studies of Japanese films from this period have typically analysed the 'textual' effects of the Cold War realignment with America, patiicularly in regard to Japanese cinema's assimilation of 'humanist' values during the Occupation period. Whilst an attention to 'representational politics' remains important, my argument is that in the context of the Cold War, an analysis of the discourses and practices peliaining to 'film trade' is an equally essential framework with which to examine how co-productions, international film distribution and the Japanese film quota and remission system were all framed by power relations between Japan and America. On the one hand, despite the rhetoric of Cold War friendship offered by the MP AAlMPEA (Motion Picture Association of America/Motion Picture Export Association) it was evident that the Hollywood majors were able to exploit the relation to Japan for their own ends. This was apparent both in their handling of Japanese films overseas and in the increasing success of Hollywood films imported into Japan. Rather than this simply being an issue for the commercial sector, however, the inequality ofthis trade relationship also raises critical questions about government attitudes to film. Here the ferocity with which the MP AA attempted to circumvent Japan's film quota and remission system, often adopting threatening tactics, may seem surprising in the context of America's wider trade policies with Japan. Here Japan received 'free trade' access to American markets whilst Washington still permitted Tokyo to maintain many of its trade barriers as a means to secure Japan's Cold War allegiance. The different attitude towards' film trade is particulat)y revealing given the support for the MP AA offered by. Washington, most notably in connection with chairman Eric Johnston's argument that Hollywood cinema was an important form of what today would be called American 'soft power
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Pujolàs, Fons Pau Salvador. "Essays on International Trade and Firm Dynamics." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/120540.

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El primer capítol d’aquesta Tesis porta per Títol “Trade Patterns, Income Differences and Gains From Trade” i ha estat elaborada conjuntament amb el meu col·lega Wyatt J. Brooks. Quantificar els guanys provinents de comerç internacional és una àrea de recerca que ha estat estudiada usant una gran varietat de models de comerç. Al mateix temps, s’ha mostrat com les no-homoteticitats són molt útils per explicar patrons de comerç observats en dades molt desagregades. Posem ambdues literatures juntes per preguntar com les no-homoteticitats afecten les prediccions de guanys de comerç. A tal fi, desenvolupem un model de comerç amb N països amb els mateixos volums de comerç internacional, població, PIB per càpita i desigualtat dins de cada país que a les dades. Incloem les no-homoteticitats per tal que el comerç entre països rics i països pobres sigui igual al que observem a les dades. Amb aquest model, podem comparar els resultats en benestar obtinguts amb els que impliquen Arkolakis, Costinot, and Rodriguez-Clare (2012) – que dóna una fórmula senzilla de guanys comercials per part d’un gran nombre de models homotètics (també la versió d’aquest model quan les preferències són homotètiques). El principal resultat és que els models homotètics esbiaixen a la baixa els guanys comercials en països amb poca població i baixa productivitat, i a l’alça el dels països molt poblats i molt productius. El model homotètic esbiaixa a l’alça els guanys comercials dels EE.UU. i de Japó en 14% i 22%, mentre que ho fa a la baixa per Espanya i Itàlia en un 24% i un 14%. El segon capitol d’aquesta Tesis porta per títol “Measured Productivity and International Trade: An Unresolved Puzzle”. Utilitzar models de dinàmica d’empreses correctes quan s’analitza l’impacte del comerç és clau a fi d’entendre completament quins són els efectes a la part productiva de l’economia quan aquesta es dedica a comerciar més. Hi ha diversos models de comerç que intenten entendre la relació entre comerç i dinàmica d’empreses, però un d’ells és sens dubte el més utilitzat per economistes de comerç: el de Melitz (2003). Aquest model explica algunes característiques de les dades. En particular, vol explicar per què les empreses més productives exporten. És de comú parer entre els economistes que aquest model explica bé les característiques de productivitat de les empreses. En aquest capítol ens preguntem: ho és? Concretament, mostrem que si hom mesura la productivitat als resultats del model tal i com es fa a les dades, ens trobem amb resultats sorprenents sobre quines són les empreses més productives: poden ser les que no exporten. El tercer capítol de la Tesis es titula “Distortions, Productivity, and Idiosyncratic Shocks” i és escrita conjuntament amb el meu professor José María Da Rocha. Considerem distorsions en un model on les plantes tenen xocs idiosincràtics a la productivitat que evolucionen amb una moció Browniana. Introduir els xocs en el model implica que les plantes tenen beneficis no constants i com a resultat el marge de sortida es torna exogen, i les plantes han de decidir en cada període si es queden o no produint. Utilitzem l’equació de Kolmogorov per tal de caracteritzar l’equilibri estacionari. La contribució de l’estudi consisteix en mostrar que si un model es calibra/s’estima sense xocs idiosincràtics, les plantes tenen productivitat constant en el temps i la rati de sortida és exògena a fi d’obtenir els moments generats pel model amb xocs i sortida endògena, les distorsions en PTF són esbiaixades a l’alça.
The first chapter of this Thesis is entitled Trade Patterns, Income Differences and Gains From Trade and is coauthored with my colleague Wyatt J. Brooks. Quantifying the gains from international trade is an area of research that has been widely studied using a variety of trade models. At the same time, it has been shown that nonhomotheticities are useful for matching the systematic patterns of trade present in disaggregated trade data. We bring these two literatures together to ask how nonhomotheticities affect our predictions for gains from trade. To do so, we develop a N-country trade model that exactly matches bilateral trade, population, GDP per capita and within country income inequality for many countries. We include nonhomotheticities to match patterns of trade between rich and poor countries that we observe in highly disaggregated trade data. We then make use of the results from Arkolakis, Costinot, and Rodriguez-Clare (2012), which gives a simple formula for gains from trade in a large class of homothetic models, including a version of our model with the nonhomotheticity removed. Our main finding is that homothetic models underestimate gains from trade in countries with small populations and low productivities, and overestimate gains in countries with large populations and high productivities. The homothetic model overestimates the gains from being open to trade in the U.S. and Japan by 14% and 22%, and underestimates them in Spain and Italy by 24% and 14%. The second chapter of this Thesis is entitled Measured Productivity and International Trade: An Unresolved Puzzle. Using correct models of firm dynamics when analyzing the impact of trade is key in order to fully understand what are the effects to the supply side of the economy when it engages into trade. There are several models of trade that try to understand the role of trade and firm dynamics, but there is one that is most used by trade economists: the Melitz model (2003). This model explains several features of the data. In particular, it aims to explain why more productive firms export. It is a common agreement among economists that the model is well suited in order to explain these patterns. In this chapter we ask: is it? In particular, we show that measuring productivity in the model's outcome as it is done in the data may lead to some surprising results regarding what more productive firms do: they may be the non-exporters. The third chapter of this Thesis is entitled Distortions, Productivity, and Idiosyncratic Shocks and is coauthored with my professor José María Da Rocha. We consider policy distortions in a model where plants face idiosyncratic productivity shocks that evolve following a Brownian motion. Introducing idiosyncratic shocks into the model implies that plants have non-constant operating profits and as a result there is an endogenous exit margin and incumbent plants must decide in each period whether or not to remain in the industry. By using the forward Kolmogorov equation, we analytically characterize the Stationary Equilibrium. Our main contribution is to show that if a model is being calibrated/estimated without idiosyncratic shocks, where plants face constant productivity over time and the exit rate is exogenous to fit data generated from a model with shocks and endogenous entry, TFP distortions will be overestimated.
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Saadatnia, Ali. "Essays on firm dynamics and international trade." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/319451.

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Esta tesis se centra en la dinámica de la firma y el comercio internacional, y la relación entre ellos. Hay gran número de documentos que ya se han reportado aumentos de la productividad del comercio o de papel de la productividad internacional en la selección y el crecimiento de la empresa. Todos ellos tratan de responder a las siguientes preguntas conocidas: "¿La productividad determinan la selección y el crecimiento de las empresas?"; Aquí, podemos agregar algunas otras preguntas: ¿Cuál es el efecto del comercio en empresas de alta tecnología y de baja tecnología? ¿Tiene la inversión en actividades de innovación tiene ningún efecto sobre la productividad? El punto es que en la mayor de las obras anteriores, el efecto del comercio sobre la productividad y la demanda ha sido desigual. Si el uso de los resultados anteriores misdirects dinámica de firmes o efecto del comercio sobre la productividad de las empresas, puede haber algunas cosas que pueden ser dirigidas por una mejor medida de la productividad y el acceso a la ESEE. El primer capítulo, aborda la estimación de la productividad a nivel de empresa y la relación entre la productividad y el valor del producto con el rendimiento de las empresas. La productividad de la empresa se descompone al componente técnico y el componente de valor del producto. Nos encontramos con que el componente de valor del producto es significativamente importante como perturbaciones a la PTF en los resultados empresariales y la rotación, sin embargo, el grado de respuesta a la producción y los precios es más largo y más grande para perturbaciones a la PTF. Nuestros resultados muestran que tanto los exportadores y las empresas multinacionales tienen valores de productividad y de productos superiores. El papel del valor del producto es, sin embargo, más importante que el acceso a los mercados extranjeros. Usando STF físicas y de ingresos para evaluar la apertura comercial sobre el desempeño de las empresas muestra que la literatura previa exagera el papel del comercio en la productividad de las empresas, y distorsiona su efecto sobre la demanda. En este capítulo también se investiga el efecto de los gastos en I + D en la productividad a nivel de empresa, y el vínculo entre las actividades de innovación en firme y la productividad. Los resultados muestran que las empresas que invierten en actividades de I + D tienen una productividad más alta en comparación con otras empresas y empresas con eficiencia técnica bajo o alto valor del producto son más propensos a emprender la innovación de productos. En el último capítulo de la tesis, un modelo de equilibrio general de dos países se estudia que aborda conjuntamente la decisión de las empresas heterogéneas para servir a los mercados extranjeros, ya sea a través de las exportaciones o la inversión extranjera directa y sus opciones tecnológicas. En equilibrio, solamente las empresas más productivas optan por servir en los mercados extranjeros y las empresas más productivas elegirán además a actualizar su tecnología. Por último, las empresas de propiedad extranjera con tecnología de bajo nivel de salida del mercado más que los que la adopción de la alta tecnología. ESEE se emplea para verificar el efecto de la apertura sobre la productividad a nivel de empresa. Los resultados muestran que la reducción de aranceles, en promedio, disminuye la IED de baja tecnología en un 4% a 6%, pero no hay ningún efecto significativo en la alta tecnología las empresas de propiedad extranjera 1990-2009.
This thesis focuses on firm dynamics and international trade, and the link between them. During the last decade, extensive researches have been done on firm dynamics, especially on productivity, firms’ growth and innovation. Here, it is deeply focused on productiv- ity, innovation and trade. There are huge number of papers that have already reported productivity gains from international trade or role of productivity in firm’s selection and growth. They all try to answer the following well-known questions: ”Does productivity determine firms’ selection and growth?”; ”Are there productivity gains from opening to trade?” Here, we may add some other questions: What is the effect of trade on high-tech and low-tech firms? Does investing in innovation activities have any effect on productiv- ity? The point is that in the most of previous works, the effect of trade on productivity and demand has been mixed (due to lack of data on firm level prices). If using previous results misdirects firm dynamics or trade effect on firms’ productivity, there may be few things that can be directed by a better measure of productivity and accessing to a rich data set, ESEE. The first Chapter, addresses estimation of firm level productivity and the link between productivity and product value with firms performance by using information on firm level prices. Following Foster et al. (2008), a unique data set is employed to disentangle the role of productivity on manufacturing firms performance. Productivity of the firm is decomposed to technical component and product value component. We find that product value component is significantly as important as TFP shocks in firm performance and turnover, however the degree of response to output and prices is longer and larger for TFP shocks. Olley and Pakes (1996) method, for estimating the parameters of the production function, is extended to include other endogenous variables that impact on productivity like firms’ R&D expenses. Our results show that both exporters and MNEs (multinational enterprises) have higher productivity and product values. The role of product value is, however, more important for accessing to foreign markets. Using Physical and Revenue TFPs to evaluate trade openness on firms’ performance shows that previous literature exaggerates the role of trade in firms’ productivity, and distorts its effect on demand side. This chapter also investigates the effect of R&D expenditures on firm level productivity, and the link between firm innovation activities and productivity. Results show that those firms that invest in R&D activities have higher productivity comparing to other firms and firms with low technical efficiency or high product value are more likely to undertake product innovation, but firms that have high technical efficiency or high product value are more likely to perform process innovation. In the last chapter of thesis, a two-country general equilibrium model is studied that jointly addresses the decision of heterogeneous firms to serve foreign market either through export or foreign direct in- vestment (FDI) and their technological choices. In equilibrium, only the more productive firms (Exporters and FDIs) choose to serve in foreign markets and the most productive firms will further choose to upgrade their technology. In addition, as trade liberalization takes place, the cut off productivity of exporters increases and the cut off productivity of foreign-owned firms decreases. Finally, foreign-owned firms with low level technology leave the market more than those adopting high technology. ESEE is employed to verify the effect of openness on firm level productivity. Results show that tariffs reduction, in average, decreases low-tech FDIs by 4% to 6% but there is not any significant effect on high-tech foreign-owned firms from 1990 to 2009.
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Spiegel, Gilbert. "Essays on international trade and firm dynamics." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-182654.

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Berlingieri, Giuseppe. "Essays on international trade and firm organization." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/761/.

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This thesis analyses the impact of globalisation on the boundary of the firm and, in turn, how outsourcing policies have shaped the reallocation of labour across sectors. The first chapter ("Outsourcing and the Rise in Services") investigates the impact of out sourcing on sectoral reallocation in the U.S. over the period 1947-2007. Roughly 40% of the growth of the service sector comes from professional and business services, an industry highly specialized in the production of intermediates and where most of the service outsourcing activity is concentrated. As a result, business services have experienced an almost fourfold increase in their forward linkage, the largest change among all industries. I find that the overall change in input-output structure of the economy accounts for 33% of the increase in service employment, and business services outsourcing contributes almost half of that amount. The second chapter ("Exporting, Coordination Complexity, and Service Outsourcing") investigates the determinants of service outsourcing, and professional and business services in particular. Drawing on the insights of a model of the boundary of the firm based on adaptation costs and diminishing return to management, I argue that an increase in coordination complexity (e.g.: more inputs in the production process) leads firms to outsource a higher share of their total costs and to focus on their core competences. Since country-specific inputs are needed to export to a particular country (e.g.: a specific advertisement campaign), I proxy coordination complexity with the number of export destination markets and I find support for the theory using an extensive dataset of French firms. Over time, firms that export to more countries increase the amount of purchased business services; the finding is very strong and robust to size and many other determinants of outsourcing proposed in the literature. The firm-level evidence also contributes to opening the black box of fixed export costs and to establishing a new causal link between globalization and structural transformation exploiting plausibly exogenous demand shifters The third chapter ("Variety Growth, Welfare Gains and the Fall of the Iron Curtain") analyses two key issues in the literature of international trade: the welfare gains from trade and the estimation of the elasticity of substitution across goods. In particular I investigate the welfare gains coming from the increase in the number of varieties in the U.K. I find that the fall of the Iron Curtain and the expansion of trade with the countries of the former Soviet contribute for roughly 10% of the total gains. China, in comparison, accounts for 5% of the gains. The methodology is an improved version of the one proposed by Broda and Weinstein (2006) and Feenstra (1994), which is more robust to the definition of goods and to the classification used.
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Chen, Cheng. "Essays on Firm Organization and International Trade." Thesis, Princeton University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3642068.

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This dissertation consists of three essays at the intersection of organizational economics and international trade. In the first essay, I investigate how the quality of management technology (MT) to monitor and incentivize employees affects aggregate economic outcomes. The key economic insight is that a common improvement in MT across all firms favors big firms, since these firms use management more intensively by adopting management hierarchies with more layers. This heterogeneous impact on firms with different numbers of layers creates a selection effect that the smallest firms exit the market, and the biggest firms expand. As a result, average firm size and aggregate productivity increase. In the second essay, I extend the baseline model developed in the first essay into the international context and investigate how an improvement in MT interacts with trade liberalization. Two theoretical results deserve particular attention. First, countries with better MT trade more with each other conditional on other factors. Second, a better MT amplifies the welfare gains from trade under certain conditions. Quantitative exercises show that an improvement in MT has quantitatively significant impacts on average firm size, aggregate productivity, and the welfare gains from trade. The final essay develops a general equilibrium model featuring an agency problem inside the firm (i.e., the separation of ownership and control) and points out a new channel through which trade liberalization leads to within-firm productivity gains. In the closed economy, managers working in the least productive firms exert effort higher than the second-best level to induce their owners to produce. After trade liberalization, a fraction of these managers is incentivized to exert more effort, since they still want to induce their owners to produce and continue to receive rents. Therefore, the least productive surviving firms whose ownership is separate from control receive productivity gains after trade liberalization.

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Senalp, Umut. "Essays on firm heterogeneity and international trade." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/18811.

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This thesis provides four contributions to the literature on the productivity- internationalization nexus by considering some recent developments in the literature. A well-established stylized fact is reported by this literature, which is that exporters are more productive and larger than non-exporters, and two hypotheses attempt to explain this finding. The first, often referred to as the self-selection hypothesis, suggests that more productive firms select themselves into export markets, while the learning-by-exporting hypothesis highlights the role of learning from exporting. In this thesis, first, the self-selection hypothesis is revisited, and it is shown that evidence against self-selection exists in some UK industries. Second, it is demon- strated that some UK firms experience rising marginal costs, although both tra- ditional and new trade theories assume constant marginal cost. It is then shown that the evidence against self-selection that we report can be best explained by the existence of increasing, rather than constant, marginal costs. Third, the learning by exporting hypothesis is tested empirically for UK firms. Highlighting the importance of the scale effect in total factor productivity growth, it is shown that any learning by exporting effects are predominantly attributable to a change in scale efficiency. Unlike Melitz (2003), some recent studies consider some other strategies to access foreign markets, such as foreign direct investment, and cross-border mergers. Finally, following this new branch of the literature, the productivity-internationalization nexus is examined by utilizing a two-country oligopolistic model. It is shown that more productive firm might prefer greenfield investment over cross-border merger, which contradicts the findings provided by the relevant literature.
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Åkerman, Anders. "Essays on international trade, productivity and firm heterogeneity /." Stockholm : Department of Economics, Stockholm University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-8166.

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Books on the topic "International film trade"

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Wildman, Steven S. International trade in films and television programs. Cambridge, Mass: Ballinger, 1988.

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European film policies in EU and international law: Culture and trade--marriage or misalliance? Groningen [The Netherlands]: Europa Law Pub., 2010.

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International Association of Entertainment Lawyers. Meeting. Music in film, television and advertising: Reports presented at the meeting of the International Association of Entertainment Lawyers, MIDEM 1999, Cannes. Edited by Green Paddy Grafton and Poll Günter. Apeldoorn, Netherlands: Maklu Publishers, 1999.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on International Economic Policy and Trade. Intellectual property rights: The music and film industry : hearing before the Subcommittee on International Economic Policy and Trade of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, second session, May 21, 1998. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1998.

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Chen, Yongmin. Buyer investment, product variety, and intrafirm trade. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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Dumoulin, Michel. Petrofina: Un groupe pétrolier international et la gestion de l'incertitude. Louvain: Peeters, 1997.

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Intrafirm trade and global transfer pricing regulations. Westport, Conn: Quorum, 1997.

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Gunn, Deana. Cooking with all things Trader Joe's. Encinitas, CA: Brown Bag Publishers, 2007.

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Han'guk tagukchŏk kiŏp ŭi kiŏp nae muyŏk hyŏnhwang kwa kyŏlchŏng yoin punsok. Sŏul T'ŭkpyŏlsi: Sanŏp Yŏnguwŏn, 2009.

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Schmidt, A. H. J. Fighting the war on file sharing. The Hague: T.M.C Asser, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "International film trade"

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Taylor, Timothy G., and James L. Seale. "International Trade and the Firm." In Agricultural Globalization Trade and the Environment, 329–43. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1543-2_16.

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Forrest, Jeffrey Yi-Lin, Jeananne Nicholls, Kurt Schimmel, and Sifeng Liu. "International Trade and Firm Performance." In Managerial Decision Making, 211–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28064-2_10.

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Lahiri, Sajal, and Yoshiyasu Ono. "Elimination of Firm and Welfare under International Oligopoly." In Imperfect competition in international trade, 109–20. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2249-2_7.

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Ghosh, Maitri. "MNEs and Export Spillovers: A Firm-Level Analysis of Indian Manufacturing Industries." In International Trade and International Finance, 33–48. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2797-7_3.

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Casson, Mark, and Robert D. Pearce. "Intra-Firm Trade and the Developing Countries." In Economic Development and International Trade, 132–56. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19174-1_8.

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Yu, Miaojie. "Export Tightening, Competition, and Firm Innovation." In Exchange Rate, Credit Constraints and China’s International Trade, 163–93. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7522-8_6.

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Yu, Miaojie. "Outward Directs Investment, Firm Productivity, and Credit Constraints." In Exchange Rate, Credit Constraints and China’s International Trade, 229–43. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7522-8_8.

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Hamilton, Stephen F., and Kyle Stiegert. "Backward Linkages and Strategic Firm Behavior: An Application to International Trade." In Contributions to Economics, 113–28. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48765-1_7.

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Adamson, Dwight W., and Mark D. Partridge. "The Influence of International Trade on Union Firm Hiring and Worker Union Choice." In The Political Economy of Globalization, 147–76. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6169-9_8.

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Goto, Hayato, Hideki Takayasu, and Misako Takayasu. "Empirical Analysis of Firm-Dynamics on Japanese Interfirm Trade Network." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Social Modeling and Simulation, plus Econophysics Colloquium 2014, 195–204. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20591-5_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "International film trade"

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Liu, Zongmin, Luhao Liu, and Xinzhuo Liu. "Export Trade of China’s Film Industry in the Context of Global Value Chain: Positioning and Development Path*." In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Economics, Management, Law and Education (EMLE 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.191225.103.

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Perez, Maximillian A., and Andrei M. Shkel. "The Performance Effects of Squeeze Film Stiffness on Non-Resonate Interferometric Inertial Sensors." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35751.

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This paper studies the nonlinear effects of squeeze film stiffening on the performance of a high resolution MEMS nonresonant inertial sensor. It is shown that these effects introduce a surprising dynamic response that extends the operational frequency range of the devices by retarding the resonate response. In addition, this performance advantage will occur without the traditional gain trade-off associated with linear systems of this type. A method is introduced to experimentally characterize the squeeze film stiffness of a passive inertial sensor through the resonant characterization of a Fabry-Pe´rot interferometric accelerometer under reduced pressure. Such passive devices are uniquely suited for the study of squeeze films and, due to the dependence of both the sensitivity and bandwidth on the device structural stiffness, variation of the stiffness with frequency must be considered to accurately predict sensor performance. The characterization confirms established analytical squeeze film stiffness theory in the continuous gas regime for conditions of Knudsen numbers less then one. As the Knudsen number equal to one is approached, it is shown that ideal kinetic gas theory and continuous squeeze film theory converge yielding a simplified stiffness estimate under the resonant response under reduced pressure. These analytical results are used to predict the performance gains due to the nonlinear, frequency dependent total stiffness of the sensor during non-resonant operation.
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Lee, Yong Hoon, Jonathon Schuh, Randy H. Ewoldt, and James T. Allison. "Shape Parameterization Comparison for Full-Film Lubrication Texture Design." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60168.

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Minimizing energy loss and improving system load capacity and compactness are important objectives for fluid power applications. Recent studies have revealed that a micro-textured surface can reduce friction in full-film lubrication, and an asymmetric textured surface can further improve the performance by reducing friction and increasing normal force simultaneously. As an extension of these previous discoveries, we explore how enhanced texture design can maximize these objectives together. We design the surface texture using a set of distinct parameterizations, ranging from simple to complex (including very general geometries), to improve friction and normal force properties beyond what is possible for limited texture geometries. Here we use a rotational visco-rheometer configuration with a fixed bottom disc, a periodic textured surface, and a rotating top flat disc. The Reynolds equation is formulated in a cylindrical coordinate system and solved using a pseudo-spectral method to model Newtonian fluid flow within the gap between discs. Model assumptions include incompressibility, steady flow, constant viscosity, and a small gap height to texture radius ratio. Multiobjective optimization problems are solved using the epsilon-constraint method with an interior-point algorithm. The trade-off between competing objectives is quantified, revealing important insights. Arbitrary continuous texture geometries are represented using two dimensional cubic spline interpolation. Shifting to more general texture geometries resulted in significant simultaneous improvement in both performance metrics for full-film lubrication texture design. An important qualitative result is that textures resembling a helical blade tend to improve performance for rotating contacts in fluid power systems.
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Shakouri, Ali. "Metal/Semiconductor Nanocomposites for Direct Thermal to Electric Energy Conversion." In ASME 2007 2nd Energy Nanotechnology International Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/enic2007-45062.

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Thermoelectric effects can be used for direct conversion of heat into electricity using a solid-state device. We describe novel metal/semiconductor nanostructured materials where the heat and charge transport are modified at the atomic level. Hot electron filtering using heterostructure barriers is used to break the trade off between high Seebeck coefficient and high electrical conductivity. Embedded ErAs nanoparticles are used to reduce the lattice thermal conductivity without significant effect on electrical conductivity. The thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and Seebeck coefficient of ErAs:InGaAlAs alloys are characterized. The measured ZT is ∼1 at high temperatures 650 K. Integrated circuit fabrication techniques are used to transfer the n- and p-type thin films onto AlN plates and power generation modules are made with hundreds of thin film elements. An output power density >1W/cm2 is demonstrated at an external temperature difference of 120K across the module. Finally, the prospect of other metal semiconductor multilayer structures based on TiN/GaN for high temperature operation will be briefly reviewed.
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Antonik, Margaret, Scott M. Ferguson, and Brendan T. O’Connor. "Performance Comparison of a Bulk Thermoelectric Cooler With a Hybrid Device Architecture." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47610.

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This paper compares the economic viability and performance outcomes of two different thermoelectric device architectures to determine the advantages and appropriate use of each configuration. Hybrid thermoelectric coolers employ thin-film thermoelectric materials sandwiched between a plastic substrate and formed into a corrugated structure. Roll-to-roll manufacturing and low-cost polymer materials offer a cost advantage to the hybrid architecture at the sacrifice of performance capabilities while conventional bulk devices offer increased performance at a higher cost. Performance characteristics and cost information are developed for both hybrid and conventional bulk single-stage thermoelectric modules. The design variables include device geometry, electrical current input, and thermoelectric material type. The trade-offs between cooling performance and cost will be explored and the thermoelectric system configuration analyzed for both hybrid and conventional bulk thermoelectric coolers.
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Wetherhold, Robert C., Elena Pisanova, and Hani Alarifi. "Rapid Spray Method for Improving Cu-Epoxy Interface Strength." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37690.

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A simple spray method using a plain orifice atomizer has been developed for depositing γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) from solutions in water and in methanol onto copper surfaces. The peel strengths between copper foil and epoxy resin were measured with and without APS deposition. In all cases, a higher concentration of APS gives higher peel strength. APS applied from 1 wt% solution in methanol resulted in higher peel strength than when applied from a 1 wt% aqueous solution; the opposite was true with 0.2 wt% APS solutions, indicating a trade-off between deposited APS film thickness and surface coverage. APS was very effective when chemisorption occurred at the surface but much less effective when there was only physisorption. A study of the fracture surfaces showed that the failure is cohesive, inside the epoxy layer, and that the deposited APS on the copper surfaces had a long-range effect which was seen deep in the epoxy layer, well away from the copper surface.
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Revindo, Mohamad D., and Devianto. "Impact of Export Activities on Firm Performance: The Case of Indonesian SMEs." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Trade 2019 (ICOT 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icot-19.2019.48.

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Jasiulevicius, Audrius, and Rafael Macian-Juan. "Steady State Film Boiling Heat Transfer Simulated With TRACE V4.160." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89494.

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This paper presents the results of the assessment and analysis of TRACE v4.160 heat transfer predictions in the post-CHF (critical heat flux) region and discusses the possibilities to improve the TRACE v4.160 code predictions in the film boiling heat transfer when applying different film boiling correlations. For this purpose, the TRACE v4.160-calculated film boiling heat flux and the resulting maximum inner wall temperatures during film boiling in single tubes were compared with experimental data obtained at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm, Sweden. The experimental database included measurements for pressures ranging from 30 to 200 bar and coolant mass fluxes from 500 to 3000 kg/m2s. It was found that TRACE v4.160 does not produce correct predictions of the film boiling heat flux, and consequently of the maximum inner wall temperature in the test section, under the wide range of conditions documented in the KTH experiments. In particular, it was found that the standard TRACE v4.160 underpredicts the film boiling heat transfer coefficient at low pressure-low mass flux and high pressure-high mass flux conditions. For most of the rest of the investigated range of parameters, TRACE v4.160 overpredicts the film boiling heat transfer coefficient, which can lead to non-conservative predictions in applications to nuclear power plant analyses. Since no satisfactory agreement with the experimental database was obtained with the standard TRACE v4.160 film boiling heat transfer correlations, we have added seven film boiling correlations to TRACE v4.160 in order to investigate the possibility to improve the code predictions for the conditions similar to the KTH tests. The film boiling correlations were selected among the most commonly used film boiling correlations found in the open literature, namely Groeneveld 5.7, Bishop (2 correlations), Tong, Konkov, Miropolskii and Groeneveld-Delorme correlations. The only correlation among the investigated, which resulted in a significant improvement of TRACE predictions, was the Groeneveld 5.7. It was found, that replacing the current film boiling correlation (Dougall-Rohsenow) for the wall-togas heat transfer with Groeneveld 5.7 improves the code predictions for the film boiling heat transfer at high qualities in single tubes in the entire range of pressure and coolant mass flux considered.
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Multanen, Joonas, Heikki Kultala, and Pekka Jaaskelainen. "Energy-Delay Trade-Offs in Instruction Register File Design." In 2018 IEEE Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference (NORCAS): NORCHIP and International Symposium of System-on-Chip (SoC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/norchip.2018.8573504.

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Wang, Li, Xiaoqing Gong, Xiumei Wan, Dan-feng Lu, and Zhi-mei Qi. "Nanoporous gold film based SPR sensors for trace chemical detection." In Fourth International Conference on Optical and Photonics Engineering, edited by Anand K. Asundi, Xiyan Huang, and Yi Xie. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2267069.

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Reports on the topic "International film trade"

1

Atkeson, Andrew, and Ariel Burstein. Innovation, firm dynamics, and international trade. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13326.

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Bernard, Andrew, J. Bradford Jensen, Stephen Redding, and Peter Schott. The Empirics of Firm Heterogeneity and International Trade. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17627.

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Fajgelbaum, Pablo. Labor Market Frictions, Firm Growth, and International Trade. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19492.

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Levinsohn, James. Firm Heterogeneity, Jobs, and International Trade: Evidence from Chile. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5808.

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Keller, Wolfgang, and Stephen Yeaple. Multinational Enterprises, International Trade, and Productivity Growth: Firm-Level Evidence from the United States. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9504.

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Blyde, Juan S., Matías Busso, and Ana María Ibáñez. The Impact of Migration in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Review of Recent Evidence. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002866.

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This paper summarizes recent evidence on the effects of migration on a variety of outcomes including labor markets, education, health, crime and prejudice, international trade, assimilation, family separation, diaspora networks, and return migration. Given the lack of studies looking at migration flows between developing countries, this paper contributes to fill a gap in the literature by providing evidence of the impact of South - South migration in general and for the Latin American countries in particular. The evidence highlighted in this summary provides useful insights for designing policies to leverage the developmental outcomes of migration while limiting its potential negative effects.
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Andreasen, Eugenia, Sofía Bauducco, and Evangelina Dardati. Welfare Effects of Capital Controls. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003307.

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This paper studies the effect of capital controls on misallocation and welfare in an economy with financial constraints. We build a general equilibrium model with heterogeneous firms, financial constraints and international trade and calibrate it to the Chilean economy. Since high-productivity and exporting firms need to borrow more to reach their optimal scale, capital controls that tax international borrowing hit them harder. As a result, misallocation increases relatively more for this group of firms, and for young firms that are still trying to reach their optimal scale. In terms of welfare, the model predicts a sizable aggregate loss of 2.39 percent when capital controls are introduced, with welfare decreasing twice as much for high-productivity firms. We empirically corroborate the main insights in terms of misallocation obtained from the model using Chilean manufacturing firm data from 1990 to 2007.
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