Journal articles: 'International College of Surgeons'

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Hills, Stephen. "RCS international surgical examinations." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 95, no. 8 (September 1, 2013): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363513x13690603819902.

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The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS) has a proud history of delivering a large portfolio of dental and surgical examinations. We take particular care to ensure that our candidates receive a professional and efficient service. The College offers its examinations both within and outside the UK. In particular, the Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons (MRCS) examinations are available in an increasing number of centres internationally. The Joint Surgical Colleges' Fellowship Examination (JSCFE), success in which leads to eligibility to apply for Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons (FRCS), is also now available outside the UK.

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Chen, Christopher. "International College of Surgeons." International Surgery 103, no. 11-12 (November 1, 2019): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.9738/0020-8868-103.11.i.

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Anyaeze, Chineme M., Ndubuisi Eke, Kenneth K. Anyanwu, and Stephen E. Enendu. "Rural Medical and Surgical Outreach Mission: Experience of International College of Surgeons (The Nigerian National Section)." International Surgery 103, no. 1-2 (April 1, 2019): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.9738/intsurg-d-17-00131.1.

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Nigeria lacks an equitable healthcare system. Low earnings characterize the income in rural areas where 55% of Nigerians who cannot afford basic medical care live. An organized rural medical and surgical outreach program can augment the formal healthcare system. Objective: To key into the International College of Surgeons Humanitarian Surgery Program by providing surgical specialists through collaboration to a sustainable free medical and surgical program. Methodology: International College of Surgeons (The Nigerian National Section), Imo State zone collaborated with Mbano National Assembly Inc. USA to do a Free Medical and Rural Surgical Outreach Mission at Mbano Joint Hospital March 14–18, 2016. Personnel to cover the clinical and nonclinical areas were recruited by the zonal branch of International College of Surgeons. Mbano National Assembly funded the project with $22,963.83. Results: Some 5028 patients attended. Of these, 2900 received attention, 800 medical, 512 surgical and urology, 262 obstetrics and gynecology, 270 pediatrics, 800 ophthalmic, and 500 received counseling, while 1500 received health education and 25, physiotherapy. Screening for prostate cancer was done for 146, 200 for human immunodeficiency virus and 110 for Hepatitis B virus. Surgical procedures on 88 patients, 1193 outpatient pharmacy dispensing, and 31 in-patients were recorded. Conclusion: Collaboration between sections of International College of Surgeons and non-governmental organizations already involved in rural free medical missions is feasible.

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Bircher, Martin, and Mike Parker. "the International Advisory Board at the Royal College of Surgeons." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 95, no. 8 (September 1, 2013): 252–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363513x13690603819704.

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The International Advisory Board (IAB) was created at the College in 2009 to coordinate and enhance the College's international activities. At the outset the question was posed as to whether we pursue an active overseas strategy? We believe the answer is a resounding 'yes'. Nearly 25 per cent of our membership is from overseas. We believe we owe all our members a commitment not only to advance standards of healthcare within the UK but also across the world.

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Liptrot, Sarah, and Eleonore Breuning. "College visits Caribbean for conference and workshops." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 89, no. 9 (October 1, 2007): 310–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363507x239370.

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The president of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, Bernard Ribeiro, was invited to participate in the fifth annual conference of the Caribbean College of Surgeons from 8–10 June 2007, following the success of previous visits. In recent years, the English College has run a successful Basic Surgical Skills (BSS) course in Barbados and Jamaica. We were delighted to continue this international educational collaboration by par ticipating in the 2007 BSS course, which this year included training in advanced laparoscopy.

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Evans, Carly. "The RCS International Office: a profile." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 93, no. 10 (November 1, 2011): 356–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363511x13158258990314.

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The Royal College of Surgeons of England is an international organisation with members from more than 90 countries. The movement of doctors, patients and surgical innovation across borders has a huge impact on surgery in the UK. The College recognises that an appreciation, understanding and active engagement in international affairs can be usefully brought to bear on the advancement of surgical standards in the UK and abroad, to the benefit of our fellows and members and ultimately their patients.

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Tavares, Sandra. "Bangladesh Health Minister Visits College." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 94, no. 4 (April 1, 2012): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363512x13189526440799.

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The Royal College of Surgeons of England had the pleasure of hosting a visit from Professor AFM Ruhal Haque, Minister for Health and Family Welfare of Bangladesh, on 30 January 2012. The visit was another international initiative from the College aiming to advance surgical care and standards overseas.

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Jones, David. "College triennial overseas visit 2010." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 92, no. 4 (April 1, 2010): 120–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363510x495147.

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Every three years, usually in the spring, the College undertakes an overseas trip to two centres. These are high-profile events involving senior figures from our College including the President, most members of Council, other surgeons of international reputation and any fellow or member who wants to take part. Over the years we have been graced by the participation of heads of state, leading politicians and eminent surgeons from the host countries. We work with our hosts to arrange ceremonial and scientific programmes second to none. These are major continuing professional development events for the areas and create enormous goodwill between visitors and hosts. The voyagers are self-paying and many are accompanied by spouses.

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Wexner, Steven D., Delia Cortés-Guiral, Neil Mortensen, and Ara Darzi. "Lessons Learned and Experiences Shared From the Front Lines: United Kingdom." American Surgeon 86, no. 6 (June 2020): 585–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003134820925087.

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This is the second installment of a series of interviews, conducted by the senior author (S.D.W.) and the American College of Surgeons (ACS), that feature international leaders in surgery telling of the challenges they faced during the global COVID-19 pandemic. The disease arrived in the United Kingdom with devastating effects within a few weeks of its spread to Western Europe from China. In Oxford, Professor Neil Mortensen used his position as the President-elect of the Royal College of Surgeons of England to help coordinate efforts among the 4 Royal Colleges in the United Kingdom (his own, London, Edinburgh, and Ireland) to mobilize and retrain surgeons for duty helping to support in the critical care of patients with respiratory illness from the virus. In London, Lord Ara Darzi, a colon and rectal surgeon and leading innovator in minimally invasive surgery, underwent re-education himself in respiratory care to help his medical colleagues. As a member of the House of Lords involved in matters regarding the National Health Service as former Parliamentary Undersecretary of Health, he facilitated legislative measures to increase the physician workforce necessary to meet the demand for skilled personnel. Professor Mortensen and Lord Darzi have been recognized as honorary fellows of the ACS for their contributions to surgery. “Lots of people do not think it can possibly happen to them”, Professor Mortensen said, “Our experience is that it will happen to you, and you cannot be prepared enough. Preparation, preparation, preparation is what you need to do.”

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Bass, Barbara Lee. "Surgical leadership in changing times: the American College of Surgeons perspective." Innovative Surgical Sciences 4, no. 2 (June 12, 2019): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iss-2019-0007.

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AbstractSurgeons around the globe are challenged by the rapid evolution of the environment in which they practice their profession. Changes in surgical technologies, the complexity of surgical patient care, and the regulatory and financial environment of surgical care delivery demand that surgeons be supported in their work with access to superb educational offerings and engagement to foster satisfaction and efficacy in their professional activities. The American College of Surgeons (ACS), the largest international surgical professional organization, is committed to supporting surgeons as leaders in the healthcare system to build programs to create the optimal environment for delivery of quality surgical care to our patients. A selected portfolio of the programs of the ACS is presented.

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Fong, Yuman, Kate Early, Stephen A. Deane, Frank E. Johnson, Juan J. Nogueras, Richard J. Finley, Jamfsal J. Hoballah, Fabrizio Michelassi, and Hugo V. Villar. "American College of Surgeons International Scholarship Programs: 40-Year History of Support for International Surgical Education." Journal of the American College of Surgeons 211, no. 2 (August 2010): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2010.04.019.

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Lohani, Ishwar. "Trotting down the memory lane." Journal of Society of Surgeons of Nepal 20, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jssn.v20i2.24373.

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Born on 1962 at Kamaladi, Kathmandu, Prof Ishwar Lohani completed School Leaving Certificate from St. Xavier’s School. Lalitpur. followed by Senior Cambridge ‘O’ Level from Cambridge University 1980 and Proficiency Certificate Level from Amrit Science Campus. 1984. He did B. Muse. (Sangeet Prabhakar) in Tabala from Kalanidhi Sangit Manavidyalaya under Prayag Sangit Samiti, Allahabad. 1983. He completed M.B.B.S Degree from Madurai Medical College under Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India. 1991 and MS General Surgery from PGIMER, Chandigarh, India. 1994. After completion of M.Ch. Plastic Surgery from PGIMER, Chandigarh, India in 1997, he worked initially as a Senior Medical Officer for few months and later as Senior Resident in the Dept. of Surgery, Chandigarh Medical College. He completed fellowship in Plastic Surgery as PSEF International fellow from University of Southern California, Los Angeles and California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco May 2001 to Feb 2002 under Dr. Randy Sherman and Dr. Bryant Toth. He later did fellowship in Plastic Surgery through the Scottish Foundation for Surgery in Nepal at St. John’s Hospital, Livingstone and Canniesburn Hospital Glasgow, England from Jan 17, 2003 to Feb 28, 2003 under Dr. Auf Quaba and Dr. David Soutar. Presently working as Professor and Head of Department, Dept. of Plastic Surgery and Burns at the T.U. Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal. He has been involved in the training of MBBS, MS (General Surgery) and MCh Plastic surgery graduates at the Maharajgung Medical Campus. He served as the President of the International College of Surgeons (ICS) Nepal Section; General Secretary of Association of Plastic Surgeons of Nepal (APSON). He has been member of Society of Surgeons of Nepal since 1996 and has contributed a lot in the activities of the society. He has presented in numerous National and International conferences and has numerous publications in international and national journals as well. He served as the Chief Editor of the Journal of Society of Surgeons of Nepal 2008 – 2014.

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Jawahar Lal, Iqbal Pathan, Amtul Husain Muhammad, Hafiz M.Yousuf, M. Umar Noor, and Syed Razi Muhammad. "Myths in General Surgeons Working at Muhammad Medical College Hospital and other hospitals of Mirpurkhas." JMMC 6, no. 1 (November 4, 2015): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.62118/jmmc.v6i1.365.

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Background: According to the Webster’s New International Dictionary, a myth is “A belief given uncritical acceptance by the members of a group especially in support of existing or traditional practices.” Clinical decisionsshould, as far as possible, be evidence based. So runs the current clinical dogma.Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among the surgeons of MMCH and other hospitals ofMirpurkhas. Data was collected with the help of pre checked questionnaire which was developed by Jeffersonscale.15 common surgical myths were selected from “PRACTICE COMMENTARY OF SURGICAL ROUNDS”published in January, 2004Results: Study was conducted among the 21 General surgeons of MMCH and other hospitals of Mirpurkhasshowed high incidence of myth following, ranging from 14.2 to 85.7.Conclusion: On the basis of our study we conclude- ed that there is resistance to applying the guidelines amongsurgeons.Key Words: Surgical myths, Surgeons, Evidence based practices, MMCH.

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Wilson, Margaret, and Neil Sutcliffe. "the role of the Faculty of dental Surgery in supporting training opportunities for international postgraduate dentists in the UK." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 95, no. 8 (September 1, 2013): 270–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363513x13690603819948.

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The Faculty of dental Surgery (FDS) of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, under successive deans, has a long history of supporting training opportunities for overseas dentists who wish to access training in the UK. This support takes many forms and includes provision of examinations, lectures and courses.

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Ghaderi, Iman, Shimae Fitzgibbons, Yusuke Watanabe, Alexander Lachapelle, and John Paige. "Surgical skills curricula in American College of Surgeons Accredited Education Institutes: An international survey." American Journal of Surgery 213, no. 4 (April 2017): 678–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2016.08.011.

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Fereydooni, Arash, Bin Zhou, Saman Doroodgar Jorshery, Yanhong Deng, Alan Dardik, and Cassius Iyad Ochoa Chaar. "National trends of hybrid lower extremity revascularization in the ACS-NSQIP database." Vascular 27, no. 6 (May 24, 2019): 653–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1708538119852019.

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Objectives Despite reports of increasing use of hybrid surgery for lower extremity revascularization in Europe, little is known about the performance of hybrid procedures in the U.S. This study aims to investigate contemporary national trends in frequency and operator distribution of hybrid lower extremity revascularization and compare the perioperative outcomes of independent vascular surgeons and other surgical specialists. We hypothesized that hybrid procedures are increasingly performed, and independent vascular surgeons have superior outcomes compared to other surgical specialists. Methods The 2005–2015 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (ACS-NSQIP) database was used to identify patients undergoing open or hybrid lower extremity revascularization based on Current Procedural Terminology codes. Only patients treated for peripheral artery disease, based on International Classification of Diseases codes-9, were included. A trend of yearly hybrid lower extremity revascularization compared to open lower extremity revascularization was obtained. The most commonly performed hybrid procedure was identified as well as the specialties of the primary operators. Operators were categorized as “independent vascular surgeons” and “other surgeons” if the primary operator was a non-vascular surgeon or a vascular surgeon assisted by a second specialist as part of a team. Patients undergoing this hybrid lower extremity revascularization by independent vascular surgeons were selected and matched (2:1) to the patients who underwent the same procedure by other surgical specialists. Matching was based on age, gender, functional status, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, transfer status, emergent surgery, and indication. The characteristics and perioperative outcomes of those two groups were compared. Results The overall rate of hybrid procedures increased from 4% in 2005 to 14% in 2015 ( p < 0.0001). During this period, vascular surgeons independently performed 92.9% of all hybrid surgeries, with no significant change in the yearly trend ( p = 0.15). Femoral endarterectomy with retrograde aortoiliac intervention was identified as the most common procedure, accounting for 35.7% and 33.3% of hybrid lower extremity revascularization performed by independent vascular surgeons and other surgeons, respectively. After propensity matching, there were 212 patients treated by independent vascular surgeons and 106 patients treated by other surgeons, with no significant difference in demographics or comorbidities. There was no difference between independent vascular surgeons and other surgeons in mortality (1.4% and 2.8%, respectively, p = 0.30), overall morbidity (19.3% and 18.9% respectively, p = 0.91), and other complications. Conclusion Hybrid lower extremity revascularization for peripheral artery disease has been increasingly used and is performed primarily by independent vascular surgeons. Simple hybrid procedures may be performed safely by vascular surgeons as well as other trained surgical specialists.

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Harrison, Jon, Michael J. Pucci, Scott W. Cowan, and Charles J. Yeo. "A Brief Overview of the Life and Work of Lyon Henry Appleby, M.D. (1895–1970)." American Surgeon 82, no. 12 (December 2016): 1151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481608201218.

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The life and work of Dr. Lyon Henry Appleby, M.D., portrays the essence of a devoted clinician committed to scholarly excellence. Born in Deseronto, Ontario, in 1895 and passing in 1970, Dr. Appleby influenced all areas of general surgery, most notably popularizing a procedure that bears his name today. After a tour in World War I, he quickly proved himself to be a dedicated clinician with roots in academia, which translated into excellence within the Department of Surgery at St. Paul's Hospital in Vancouver, Canada. He served in various leadership roles including Chair of the Department of Surgery, President of the International College of Surgeons, and Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons. The Appleby procedure, or en bloc removal of the celiac axis, at the time of gastrectomy, is the technical focus of this paper, although reference is made to Appleby's extensive contributions to historical medicine.

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Rosin, R. David. "Surgery – turning the clock back forwards." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 93, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363511x547111.

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Following on from last month's issue on international surgery, we are delighted to publish the first in our series of articles on surgery overseas. Professor David Rosin, former Vice-president of The Royal College of Surgeons of England, here gives an account of his work as Professor of Surgery in Barbados, with telling contrasts to the UK surgical experience, both past and present.

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Shepherd, Jonathan. "Faculty of Dental Surgery: thriving postgraduate education." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 88, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363506x90745.

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Postgraduate education continues to be a core role for the Faculty of Dental Surgery which has a team of first-class College staff in this area, led by Fatima Bulbulia, committed to the educational needs of UK and international dental surgeons. The team includes Professor St John Crean (Robert Bradlaw Adviser) and Ms Zarina Sheik (Faculty Educational Tutor), who bring enormous vitality to the postgraduate programme.

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Nigri, Giuseppe, Kate Early, George Tsoulfas, Alberto Ferreres, Cristina R. Ferrone, Richard Schulick, Waddah B. Al-Refaie, Patricia L. Turner, and George Velmahos. "International Scholarship Programs of the American College of Surgeons: Expansion of the Global Surgical Network." World Journal of Surgery 42, no. 5 (October 20, 2017): 1222–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00268-017-4284-0.

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Albert, Donald P. "IJAGR at the International Medical Symposium Geography 2022 Edinburgh, Scotland." International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research 14, no. 1 (February 16, 2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijagr.318138.

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Donald Albert (co-Editor-in-Chief) from Sam Houston State University and Dhitinut Ratnapradipa (Associate Editor) from Creighton University participated in the 19th International Medical Symposium Geography (IMGS) from June 19-June 24, 2022, in Edinburgh, Scotland. The event operated out of the Royal College of Surgeons located in the Old Town of Edinburgh. This historic venue provided an appropriate setting to contemplate patterns of health and disease. Jamie Pearce and Niamh Shortt (University of Edinburgh) were co-Chairs of the IMGS 2022. The authors' poster abstract was entitled, “The International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research: Temporal Metrics and Coverage of Medical Geography, 2010-2021.”

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Jerome, J. Terrence Jose, Francisco Mercier, Chaitanya S. Mudgal, Joan Arenas-Prat, Gustavo Vinagre, Chul Ki Goorens, Ignacio J. Rivera-Chavarría, et al. "Perspectives and Consensus among International Orthopaedic Surgeons during Initial and Mid-lockdown Phases of Coronavirus Disease." Journal of Hand and Microsurgery 12, no. 03 (July 6, 2020): 135–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1713964.

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AbstractWith a lot of uncertainty, unclear, and frequently changing management protocols, COVID-19 has significantly impacted the orthopaedic surgical practice during this pandemic crisis. Surgeons around the world needed closed introspection, contemplation, and prospective consensual recommendations for safe surgical practice and prevention of viral contamination. One hundred orthopaedic surgeons from 50 countries were sent a Google online form with a questionnaire explicating protocols for admission, surgeries, discharge, follow-up, relevant information affecting their surgical practices, difficulties faced, and many more important issues that happened during and after the lockdown. Ten surgeons critically construed and interpreted the data to form rationale guidelines and recommendations. Of the total, hand and microsurgery surgeons (52%), trauma surgeons (32%), joint replacement surgeons (20%), and arthroscopy surgeons (14%) actively participated in the survey. Surgeons from national public health care/government college hospitals (44%) and private/semiprivate practitioners (54%) were involved in the study. Countries had lockdown started as early as January 3, 2020 with the implementation of partial or complete lifting of lockdown in few countries while writing this article. Surgeons (58%) did not stop their surgical practice or clinics but preferred only emergency cases during the lockdown. Most of the surgeons (49%) had three-fourths reduction in their total patients turn-up and the remaining cases were managed by conservative (54%) methods. There was a 50 to 75% reduction in the number of surgeries. Surgeons did perform emergency procedures without COVID-19 tests but preferred reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR; 77%) and computed tomography (CT) scan chest (12%) tests for all elective surgical cases. Open fracture and emergency procedures (60%) and distal radius (55%) fractures were the most commonly performed surgeries. Surgeons preferred full personal protection equipment kits (69%) with a respirator (N95/FFP3), but in the case of unavailability, they used surgical masks and normal gowns. Regional/local anesthesia (70%) remained their choice for surgery to prevent the aerosolized risk of contaminations. Essential surgical follow-up with limited persons and visits was encouraged by 70% of the surgeons, whereas teleconsultation and telerehabilitation by 30% of the surgeons. Despite the protective equipment, one-third of the surgeons were afraid of getting infected and 56% feared of infecting their near and dear ones. Orthopaedic surgeons in private practice did face 50 to 75% financial loss and have to furlough 25% staff and 50% paramedical persons. Orthopaedics meetings were cancelled, and virtual meetings have become the preferred mode of sharing the knowledge and experiences avoiding human contacts. Staying at home, reading, and writing manuscripts became more interesting and an interesting lifestyle change is seen among the surgeons. Unanimously and without any doubt all accepted the fact that COVID-19 pandemic has reached an unprecedented level where personal hygiene, hand washing, social distancing, and safe surgical practices are the viable antidotes, and they have all slowly integrated these practices into their lives. Strict adherence to local authority recommendations and guidelines, uniform and standardized norms for admission, inpatient, and discharge, mandatory RT-PCR tests before surgery and in selective cases with CT scan chest, optimizing and regularizing the surgeries, avoiding and delaying nonemergency surgeries and follow-up protocols, use of teleconsultations cautiously, and working in close association with the World Health Organization and national health care systems will provide a conducive and safe working environment for orthopaedic surgeons and their fraternity and also will prevent the resurgence of COVID-19.

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Laios, Konstantinos. "Professor William Wayne Babcock (1872-1963) and His Innovations in Surgery." Surgical Innovation 25, no. 5 (June 18, 2018): 536–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1553350618781618.

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Professor William Wayne Babcock (1872-1963) is considered as a leading figure of American surgery during early 20th century. He introduced many innovative surgical techniques such as Babcock operation for the treatment of varicose veins, the Babcock-Bacon operation for the treatment of cancer of the rectum and sigmoid colon preserving anal sphincters, the “soup bone” cranioplasty technique, and the nerve disassociation technique for the relief of certain forms of paralysis or parasthesia due to injury or inflammation. He invented many surgical instruments such as Babcock forceps, which is widely used in everyday surgical practice, the Babcock probe, and also sump drain and lamp chimney sump drain, which also bear his name. In 1947, he received the Master Surgeon Award from the International College of Physicians and Surgeons and in 1954 the American Medical Association presented him with the Distinguished Service Medal.

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Omigbodun, A. "West African College of Surgeons International Visitor. Postgraduate Surgical Education in West Africa: Evolution and Trends." Journal of Surgical Research 186, no. 2 (February 2014): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.461.

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Stanley, Guy HM, Melissa J. Hirth, and Michael W. Findlay. "Collaborative research in Australasian plastic surgery." Australasian Journal of Plastic Surgery 4, no. 2 (September 29, 2021): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.34239/ajops.v4n2.337.

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Many specialist groups have developed clinical trial initiatives in response to the growing need for more collaborative research, and these are proliferating in multiple countries across the globe. The Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS), under the direction of Professor John Windsor, established the clinical trials network of Australia and New Zealand (CTANZ). CTANZ supports the Australasian clinical trials in plastic, reconstructive and aesthetic surgery (ACTPRAS) research group which has already facilitated two multicentre, international, collaborative studies.

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Maksudova, A. N., A. V. Kosterina, S. V. Kuzmina, N. G. Shamsutdinova, D. I. Abdulganieva, K. Kayumi, and A. S. Sozinov. "First experience of implementing residency programs at Kazan State Medical University." Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention 21, no. 1S (December 26, 2021): 3074. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2022-3074.

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Kazan State Medical University is one of the oldest medical universities in Russia, which has extensive experience in the international education market. The publication describes the features of postgraduate training of residents, first implemented on the basis of Kazan State Medical University in cooperation with the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada. The experience of introducing a competency-based educational approach into the residency program according to the CanMEDS system is described. Each competency underlying the CanMEDS principles is considered in detail.

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Chaudhry, Zafar Ullah. "Establishing a System of Postgraduate Medical Education in Pakistan." Journal of Medical Regulation 101, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30770/2572-1852-101.3.37.

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Postgraduate Medical Education (PGME) and specialist care made a late beginning in developing countries and has progressed quite slowly, compared to the developed world. Historically, medical graduates in developing countries desiring to pursue PGME had to travel to Western centers to acquire specialist qualifications; and after having spent a significant time period it became difficult for them to return from those settings, resulting in “brain drain” from the developing nations and a loss of national resources. The status of overall medical education in Pakistan was dismal at the time of its independence in 1947. Pakistan inherited only a few undergraduate medical colleges, and none offered any postgraduate qualification. The majority of doctors seeking postgraduate education preferred to go to England and the United States. In this situation, the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Pakistan (CPSP) was established in 1962 as an autonomous corporate body to cater to the needs of PGME and to provide specialists for the health care needs of the country. The college started offering fellowship and membership programs in different fields of medicine and dentistry — a hallmark of the College System of PGME, which focuses primarily upon rigorous clinical training. It has succeeded in achieving high standards in PGME and specialization, making its qualifications at par with the institutions of the developed world. This paper describes the policies and strategies adopted by the College to earn recognition for its qualifications, both within the country and in the international community.

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Nigri, Giuseppe, Kate Early, George Tsoulfas, Alberto Ferreres, Cristina R. Ferrone, Richard Schulick, Waddah B. Al-Refaie, Patricia L. Turner, and George Velmahos. "Correction to: International Scholarship Programs of the American College of Surgeons: Expansion of the Global Surgical Network." World Journal of Surgery 42, no. 5 (November 10, 2017): 1238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00268-017-4330-y.

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Durinka, Joel B., and Jorge Ortiz. "Fate of Poster Abstracts Presented at the 2009 American College of Surgeons Clinical Congress." Translation: The University of Toledo Journal of Medical Sciences 4 (June 27, 2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.46570/utjms.vol4-2017-199.

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Background: The American College of Surgeons (ACS) holds an annual clinical congress which provides the opportunity to present innovative research to academic and community surgeons from around the globe. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the publication rate of poster abstracts presented at the 2009 American College of Surgeons Clinical Congress to assess the factors influencing publication and determine the impact factor of these journals.Methods: All posters presented at the 2009 ACS were included in the study. A Pubmed-Medline search was performed to identify a matching journal article. Topics, country of origin, study type, study center and publication year were tabulated. Journals and impact factors of publication were noted.Results: Of the 333 poster abstracts presented, 62 (18.6%) were published as full-text articles. Two studies published well in advance of the meeting were removed. 36/60 (60%) of the published studies were from The United States. The average time to publication was 16.8 months. 51/60 (85%) of the studies were conducted in academic institutions. The average impact factor was 2.88. The median impact factor for studies originating from the United States was 3.3 (0.71-4.5). The median impact factor for international studies was 2.38 (0-7.22). This observation did not reach statistical significance (p=0.102) 8 (13.3%) of these manuscripts were published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons (the official journal of the meeting). There were several abstract characteristics found to be associated with a higher publication rate. A higher rate was found for abstracts for randomized clinical trials, basic science studies, and university programs. The rates did not differ between author specialties.Conclusion:The publication rate for abstracts presented at the 2009 ACS clinical congress was lower than rates from other fields of medicine. Factors leading to failure to publish were non-randomized trials, non-university affiliation and single center studies. Encouraging authors to submit their presentations for full-text publication might improve the rate of publication. Authors should be wary of accepting poster abstracts as dogma; authors should refrain from citing them in publications especially if they are from outside the United States.

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Hills, Stephen. "The Presidential Visit to Asia." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 95, no. 8 (September 1, 2013): 266–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363513x13690603819821.

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The RCS undertakes a range of activities outside the UK as part of its commitment to enable surgeons to achieve and maintain the highest standards of surgical practice and patient care. This is accomplished through establishing partnerships and complementing local provision to add value to the resident surgical community, most visibly through the supply of training and assessment. Just as importantly, the RCS's international partners enrich the College with active involvement and sharing of skills and experience. As with any partnership, it is important to maintain good communication, which can be a challenge when there are thousands of miles between the parties. So, at the beginning of this year, an RCS delegation, led by Professor Norman Williams, President of the College, visited a number of its partners in India, Sri Lanka and Malaysia.

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Senger, Roberta, Michelle Dornelles Santarem, and Sílvia Goldmeier. "Clinical registry of cardiovascular surgeries in a university hospital." Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 65, no. 1 (January 2019): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.65.1.16.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVES To create and implement a computerized clinical registry to verify in the short-, medium- and long-term the mortality and the incidence of significant surgical outcomes in adult patients submitted to cardiovascular surgeries. METHODS This is a prospective, observational registry-based study aimed at documenting the characteristics of patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. RESULTS Variables were standardized according to international references from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS), American College of Cardiology (ACC), Michigan Society of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeons (MSTCVS) and the Department of Informatics of SUS (DATASUS). The standardization was performed in English with an interface in Portuguese to make the data collection easier in the institution. Quality of care indicators, surgical procedure characteristics, in addition to significant cardiovascular outcomes will be measured. Data were collected during the hospitalization until hospital discharge or at the seventh day, in thirty days, six months, twelve months and annually until completing five years. CONCLUSION The importance of a database maintenance with international standards that can be reproducible was evidenced, allowing the evaluation of techniques and assistance and the integration of data among health institutions.

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Silva, E., and M. Boutros. "The first Phuket International Symposium on Colorectal Disease: postgraduate course of the Asia Pacific Federation Congress 2013 of the International College of Surgeons." Techniques in Coloproctology 18, no. 3 (February 7, 2014): 323–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10151-014-1125-0.

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Editorial Board, SLJS. "Abstracts of the 50th Annual Academic Sessions - 2021 of the College of Surgeons of Sri Lanka and Joint International Conference with the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh and the SAARC Surgical Care Society." Sri Lanka Journal of Surgery 39, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 01. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljs.v39i4.8952.

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Grosfeld, Jay L. "What's New in Pediatric Surgery—1988." Pediatrics 83, no. 4 (April 1, 1989): 586–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.83.4.586.

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During the past year, significant new information concerning basic science, molecular biology, imaging technology, and clinical medicine have led to a number of important advances in the field of pediatric surgery. In addition, for the first time, a segment of the Surgical Forum sessions at the annual meeting of the American College of Surgeons was devoted to pediatric surgical research projects. The following overview represents an update of the material presented at national and international pediatric surgical society meetings, recently published journal articles of importance, and some of the material presented at the 1988 meeting of the Surgical Section of the American Academy of Pediatrics.

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Naik, Rishi, Indrajeet Mandal, Alexander Hampson, Rowan Casey, and Nikhil Vasdev. "A Comparison of Urology Training Across Five Major English-Speaking Countries." Current Urology 14, no. 1 (2020): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000499265.

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Background: Urology is a rapidly evolving specialty, although wide variations exist between training programs in different countries. We aimed to compare the status of urology training in 5 English-speaking countries. Materials and Methods: Features compared include the training pathway structure, training requirements, competition levels and the process of moving country for international medical graduates. Results: Length of training varied considerably across countries, ranging from 5 years in the USA and Canada, to 7 years in Australia and New Zealand and 9 years in the UK. Ease of entering urology training for international medical graduates also varies, with the UK relatively easier compared to other countries. All countries encourage participation in research during training as well as completion of non-urology and urology specific surgical examinations. Conclusion: Following the Royal College of Surgeons Improving Surgical Training report, it is vital that the UK incorporates optimal elements of international programs in order to provide the best standards for trainees and world-class care in urology.

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Lagergren, Jesper, and Nele Brusselaers. "The Charlson Comorbidity Index in Registry-based Research." Methods of Information in Medicine 56, no. 05 (2017): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me17-01-0051.

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SummaryBackground: Comorbidities may have an important impact on survival, and comorbidity scores are often implemented in studies assessing prognosis. The Charlson Comorbidity index is most widely used, yet several adaptations have been published, all using slightly different conversions of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding.Objective: To evaluate which coding should be used to assess and quantify comorbidity for the Charlson Comorbidity Index for registry-based research, in particular if older ICD versions will be used.Methods: A systematic literature search was used to identify adaptations and modifications of the ICD-coding of the Charlson Comorbidity Index for general purpose in adults, published in English. Back-translation to ICD version 8 and version 9 was conducted by means of the ICD-code converter of Statistics Sweden.Results: In total, 16 studies were identified reporting ICD-adaptations of the Charlson Comorbidity Index. The Royal College of Surgeons in the United Kingdom combined 5 versions into an adapted and updated version which appeared appropriate for research purposes. Their ICD-10 codes were back-translated into ICD-9 and ICD-8 according to their proposed adaptations, and verified with previous versions of the Charlson Comorbidity Index.Conclusion: Many versions of the Charlson Comorbidity Index are used in parallel, so clear reporting of the version, exact ICD- coding and weighting is necessary to obtain transparency and reproducibility in research. Yet, the version of the Royal College of Surgeons is up-to-date and easy-to-use, and therefore an acceptable co-morbidity score to be used in registry-based research especially for surgical patients.

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Adedeji, Olufunso A. "Experiences of University College Hospital, Ibadan surgical residents in audit and research." Journal of Global Medicine 3, S1 (December 30, 2023): e123. http://dx.doi.org/10.51496/jogm.v3.s1.123.

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An online monthly seminar was started in April 2021 for surgical residents at the College of Medicine University of Ibadan by a faculty of alumni based in the United Kingdom. The surgical residents felt the seminars will make them better clinicians, fill gaps in their training and find out about Gold Standards of care. Moodle learning management system was used to manage course materials, communication, feedback, online surveys, and interaction with trainees. Seventy-two residents registered, but only about 30 were core attendees. All recorded lectures were placed on You Tube https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXzLiMlwy2sjLAacZLav58h7aj7qXZaWZ. Topics were multispecialty and determined by the residents. At the same time, an audit-and-research group (ARG) was formed, with eight residents joining. This number has risen to 14. The ARG was a response to a survey assessing residents’ experiences in research and audit. Thirty-seven surgical residents, with an average age of 34.3 years, completed the questionnaire. Forty-three per cent were senior residents and 84% were males. Forty-three percent were general surgery residents, 16% orthopaedics and 11% in urology, 8% in neurosurgery and 8% in paediatric surgery, The rest were from plastic, ENT and cardiothoracic surgery. The median number of years from graduation was 9 years with an inter-quartile range of 7–11 years. Sixty-five per cent of residents had not done any audit since graduation, and only 24% had completed an audit cycle. All residents agreed that surgeons should do audits, and all agreed that it was good for clinical practice. Ninety-five per cent agreed that surgeons should do a least an audit annually, however, only 68% of residents indicated that they would like to do an audit. Eighty-one per cent of residents had never presented an audit or research work, oral or poster, at a national or international meeting, and 65% have never been an author in a peer-reviewed article. Ninety-seven per cent indicated that they would like to take part in a study. The six top reasons given for poor audit and research outputs by the residents were (multiple answers allowed): Not knowing where to start by 60% of surgical residents No support for it by 46% No source of funding by 38% Audit and research is not a culture in their environment by 38% No opportunities by 24%. No suitable role models by 16% After completion of training, 76% of residents indicated that they wanted to work in a teaching hospital. In two and half years since its formation, the ARG has completed a qualitative study on clinical learning environments (OP05) and an audit on the use of WHO surgical safety checklists in theatre (OP06). These were supervised by both a local faculty and a UK-based alumnus. These have generated two oral and one poster presentations at international conferences.

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Gongal, Rajesh N. "Random thoughts of a (palliative care) surgeon." Journal of Society of Surgeons of Nepal 19, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jssn.v19i2.24539.

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Prof. Dr Rajesh N Gongal ,FRCS (Eng) returned to Nepal from UK completing his surgical training in 1998 and has been working in Patan Hospital, initially as a Consultant and then as a Medical Director. Following the establishment of Patan Academy of Health Sciences (PAHS), he was appointed the Founding Dean of School of medicine. At present, he serves as the Rector of PAHS. He also served as the Chief Editor of Journal of Society of Surgeons (JSSN). He initiated Primary Trauma Care (PTC) Training in the country as the Founding Chair of PTC, Nepal. He was the Founding President of Nepal Ambulance Service (NAS), a non- profit initiative as the first proper Emergency Medical Service (EMS) with trained EMTs and a call centre accessed by calling a three-digit number 102. He is the Founding Chairperson of Hospice Nepal, the first palliative care centre in Nepal established in the year 2000. His interest in palliative care led him to Northern Ireland where he worked as fulltime trainee and completed fellowship in palliative care in 2016 under the auspices of Royal College of Physician of Edinburgh. He recently completed MSc in palliative from Ulster University. He has worked as an Instructor for HOPE (Hospital Preparedness for Emergency) Course, ‘Primary Trauma Course; and the ‘Palliative care’ courses. He has presented in numerous national and International conferences and numerous publications in national and international journals such as Palliative Medicine and has published handbooks on ‘Basic surgical skills’ and ‘Palliative care’ as well. He is an active member of the Society of surgeons of Nepal and has contributed to its establishment and development in the early days. He also served as the Chief editor of the Journal of Society of Surgeons of Nepal and has played a crucial role in the establishment of the journal encouraging scientific writing and paper publication culture amongst the fraternity. He is an important member of the society and serves as a mentor in the capacity of the advisory board of the journal.

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Gardner, Dugald. "James Bell Pettigrew (1832–1908) MD, LLD, FRS, comparative anatomist, physiologist and aerobiologist." Journal of Medical Biography 25, no. 3 (September 18, 2015): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967772015605238.

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After leaving Glasgow University, Pettigrew joined the Edinburgh Medical School in 1856. Professor Goodsir determined Pettigrew’s entire future by awarding him the Anatomy Gold Medal for an essay on cardiac muscle. The essay was accompanied by dissections of such high quality that they led to the Croonian Lecture of the Royal Society of London in 1860. After graduating, Pettigrew’s time as House Surgeon to James Syme was followed by a position in the Hunterian Museum, London. Intensive studies of urinary and alimentary muscle, and observations of insects and animals, with lectures on flight to distinguished societies, contributed to disabling illness and a long convalescence but in 1869 Pettigrew became Conservator of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh and then Pathologist to the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh. The publication of Physiology of the Circulation and of Animal Locomotion, with its emphasis on aeronautics, ensured international fame. Fellowship of both London and Edinburgh Royal Societies was another factor contributing to Pettigrew’s election to the Chandos Chair at St Andrews University in 1875. The construction and abortive flying of a motor-driven aeroplane came near the end of his life and Pettigrew gave his remaining years to completing his monumental Design in Nature.

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Of Surgeons of East, Central and Southern Africa, College. "Abstracts of the College of Surgeons of East, Central and Southern Africa (COSECSA) 19th Annual General Meeting and International Scientific Conference." East and Central African Journal of Surgery 23, no. 3 (January 1, 2019): 126–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ecajs.v23i3.8.

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Mollan, Susan P., Catherine Hornby, James Mitchell, and Alexandra J. Sinclair. "Evaluation and management of adult idiopathic intracranial hypertension." Practical Neurology 18, no. 6 (August 28, 2018): 485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/practneurol-2018-002009.

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This paper summarises the first consensus guidelines for idiopathic intracranial hypertension as an infographic. Following a systematic literature review, a multidisciplinary specialist interest group met and established questions relating to population, interventions, controls and outcomes (PICO). A survey was sent to doctors who manage idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) regularly. Statements were reviewed by national professional bodies, specifically the Association of British Neurologists, British Association for the Study of Headache, the Society of British Neurological Surgeons and the Royal College of Ophthalmologists and by international experts. Key areas are represented based on the guideline, namely: (1) investigation of papilloedema and diagnosis of IIH; (2) management strategies; and (3) investigation and management of acute exacerbation of headache in established IIH. We present an infographic as an aide-mémoire of the first consensus guidelines for IIH.

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Hayward, Melissa, Teresa Chan, and Andrew Healey. "Dedicated time for deliberate practice: one emergency medicine program’s approach to point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) training." CJEM 17, no. 5 (June 1, 2015): 558–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2015.24.

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AbstractPoint-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) has become an essential skill in the practice of emergency medicine (EM). Various EM residency programs now require competency in basic PoCUS applications. The education literature suggests that deliberate practice is necessary for skill acquisition and mastery. We used an educational theory, Ericsson’s model of deliberate practice, to create a PoCUS curriculum for our Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada EM residency.Although international recommendations around curriculum requirements exist, this will be one of the first papers to describe the implementation of a specific PoCUS training program. This paper details the features of the program and lessons learned during its initial 3 years. Sharing this experience may serve as a nidus for scholarly discussion around how to best approach medical education in this area.

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O’Sullivan, Siobhra, Kathy Rock, and Nazmy ElBeltagi. "Radiotherapy in sentinel node-positive breast cancer: results of an international survey." Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 15, no. 3 (April 5, 2016): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396916000170.

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AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to assess the radiotherapy fields being offered to women with a positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) who have not had axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), based on the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z11 results.MethodsWe conducted a postal survey, addressed to radiation oncologists specialising in breast cancer treatment. In total, 179 cancer centres were contacted. Three hypothetical case scenarios were presented. In each case, the patient is clinically node negative but has a positive SLN following breast-conserving surgery, without further ALND. Respondents were asked what radiotherapy fields they would treat with in each scenario.ResultsWe received responses from 90 radiation oncologists from 73 centres in 11 countries. In the three scenarios (low, intermediate and high risk of further lymph node involvement), standard tangential beams would be used by only 27, 12 and 7%, respectively; high tangential beams by 33, 18 and 13%; tangents with full axillary/supraclavicular irradiation by 26, 51 and 61%; the remaining 14, 19 and 19% would use a nomogram to aid their decision.ConclusionThis survey describes the lack of consensus regarding the management of the axilla in patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer but a positive sentinel node and who have not had ALND.

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Yen, Wendy, Kathryn Hodwitz, Niels Thakkar, Maria (Tina) Martimianakis, and Dan Faulkner. "The influence of globalization on medical regulation: a descriptive analysis of international medical graduates registered through alternative licensure routes in Ontario." Canadian Medical Education Journal 7, no. 3 (December 5, 2016): e19-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36834/cmej.36856.

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The increasing globalization of the medical profession has influenced health policy, health human resource planning, and medical regulation in Canada. Since the early 2000s, numerous policy initiatives have been created to facilitate the entry of international medical graduates (IMGs) into the Canadian workforce. In Ontario, the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario (CPSO) developed alternative licensure routes to increase the ability of qualified IMGs to obtain licenses to practice. The current study provides demographic and descriptive information about the IMGs registered through the CPSO’s alternative licensure routes between 2000 and 2012. An analysis of the characteristics and career trajectories of all IMGs practicing in the province sheds light on broader globalization trends and raises questions about the future of health human resource planning in Canada. As the medical profession becomes increasingly globalized, health policy and regulation will continue to be influenced by trends in international migration, concerns about global health equity, and the shifting demographics of the Canadian physician workforce. Implications for future policy development in the complex landscape of medical education and practice are discussed.

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Opalak, Charles F., Rafael A. Vega, Jodi L. Koste, R. Scott Graham, and Alex B. Valadka. "One hundred years of neurosurgery at the Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University (1919–2019)." Journal of Neurosurgery 133, no. 6 (December 2020): 1873–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2019.8.jns183464.

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The Department of Neurosurgery at the Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) celebrates its 100th anniversary in 2019. It was founded by C. C. Coleman, who directed the US Army School of Brain Surgery during World War I and was one of the original members of the Society of Neurological Surgeons. Coleman began a residency program that was among the first four such programs in the United States and that produced such prominent graduates as Frank Mayfield, Gayle Crutchfield, and John Meredith. Neurosurgery at VCU later became a division under the medical school’s surgery department. Division chairs included William Collins and Donald Becker. It was during the Becker years that VCU became a leading National Institutes of Health–funded neurotrauma research center. Harold Young oversaw the transition from division to department and expanded the practice base of the program. In 2015, Alex Valadka assumed leadership and established international collaborations for research and education. In its first 100 years, VCU Neurosurgery has distinguished itself as an innovator in clinical research and an incubator of compassionate and service-oriented physicians.

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Joshi, Keshav Das. "My bucket list." Journal of Society of Surgeons of Nepal 19, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jssn.v19i1.24547.

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Son of Ram Das Joshi, Prof Keshav Das Joshi was born at Kathmandu. He completed MBBS on 1968 from Trivandrum Kerela, residency (1970 to 1974) in MS (General Surgery) on 1974 from AIIMS, New Delhi. He served as a registrar on 1975 at Maulana Azad Medical College and training in Clinical Oncology in Tokyo at the National Cancer Hospital) on 1983. He had his training in Plastic Surgery in U.K. 1987 and various periods of training and Observation in Burn & Plastic Surgery in Canada, Belgium, France, Singapore and Switzerland. Since 2032 he has worked as a general surgeon in Butwal Hospital, Lumbini Anchal, Bheri Anchal Hospital followed by six years in Gandaki Zonal Hospital a total of 10 years. The history of Burns and Plastic surgery services in Nepal was started in Bir hospital. The separate Burns and Plastic surgery unit was established in the year 1998 AD. Dr Keshav Das Joshi, senior consultant plastic surgeon, proposed it. In his endeavor the first organized Burn Unit was established in 2000 A.D. For his contribution to the society he has been felicitated by the government by ‘Gorkha Dakshin Bahu’ Third, ‘Trishaktipatta’ Third, ‘Birendra Aishworya Sewa Padak’ etc to name a few. He served as the president of Society of Surgeon of Nepal for the period 1999 – 2002. He served as the editor of souvenir of the third International Surgical Conference of SSN on 1994. He had a major role in the establishment of the Journal of Society of Surgeons of Nepal (JSSN). He served as the chief editor for the period 1998, 1999.

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Editorial Board, SLJS. "Abstracts of the 49^th Sri Lanka Surgical Congress – 2020 of the College of Surgeons of Sri Lanka joint international conference with the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh and the SAARC Surgical Care Society “Professionalism, Pragmatism and Pluralism”." Sri Lanka Journal of Surgery 38, no. 5 (November 2, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljs.v38i5.8756.

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Gracias, Vicente, Raj Gupta, and Juan CR Silva. "Nonclinical, Observational Trauma Rotations in the United States provide International Students Multidisciplinary Trauma Program and Systems Education." Panamerican Journal of Trauma, Critical Care & Emergency Surgery 6, no. 1 (2017): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10030-1165.

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ABSTRACT Aim To create a non-clinical care education alternative for low-middle-income country (LMIC) medical students in an acute care surgery (ACS) service in the United States. Materials and methods An observational 30-day rotation with retrospective evaluation for an international medical student occurred at a level one trauma center in the United States. Trauma morning report was used as an educational model based on some elements of the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma, Resources for Optimal Care of the Injured. Results Trauma morning report was held daily for the student’s 30-day experience. The trauma patients’ primary and secondary survey, images, trauma bay, and operative management were all reviewed daily. Patients’ prehospital and hospital courses were completely evaluated by the performance improvement team. The functional status, physical therapy, familial support networks, economic and health insurance record, and rehabilitation disposition were reviewed. Prior to discharge, socioeconomic barrier analysis was conducted to provide safe outpatient care plans. Education by attending surgeons for the multidisciplinary team, which was integrated by students, residents, fellows, faculty, social workers, physical therapists, advanced nurse practitioners, performance improvement coordinator, and nurse trauma manager, was conducted daily on a selected topic. Conclusion Trauma morning report served as an observational education in multidisciplinary trauma systems (TS) for international students. The experience in the United States provides a new perspective on systems-based trauma care for international students. Clinical significance The educational alternative exposed is a pathway for medical students from LMIC to increase their clinical experience, ACS knowledge, and trauma care system-based understanding. The students who opt for this kind of experience may choose a specialization in surgery, increase their research productivity, and improve the development of emergency medical services TS in their respective countries. How to cite this article Silva JCR, Gupta R, Gracias V, Peck G. Nonclinical, Observational Trauma Rotations in the United States provide International Students Multidisciplinary Trauma Program and Systems Education. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2017;6(1):8-12.

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Newton, William B., Matthew J. Sagransky, Jeanette S. Andrews, Kimberly J. Hansen, Matthew A. Corriere, Philip P. Goodney, and Matthew S. Edwards. "Outcomes of Revascularized Acute Mesenteric Ischemia in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database." American Surgeon 77, no. 7 (July 2011): 832–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481107700715.

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This report examines outcomes of revascularization for acute arterial mesenteric ischemia (AAMI) using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Patients with International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision and Current Procedural Terminology codes indicating AAMI with concomitant mesenteric revascularization were identified. Demographic, risk factor, procedural, morbidity, and mortality data were examined. Associations with morbidity and mortality were analyzed by logistic regression. One hundred forty-two cases of AAMI were identified. Seventy-one cases were thrombotic and 71 were embolic according to revascularization codes. Mean age was 66 years, 84 per cent of patients were white, and 54 per cent were female. Unadjusted major morbidity and mortality rates were 69 and 30 per cent, respectively. Patients with thrombotic AAMI were more likely to have a lower body mass index, greater than 10 per cent weight loss in the past 6 months, and a history of smoking. Patients with embolic AAMI were more likely to present emergently with sepsis. Unadjusted morbidity and mortality rates were 78 and 38 per cent for embolic and 61 and 23 per cent for thrombotic AAMI, respectively. Multi-variable predictors of morbidity included bowel resection at the time of revascularization, transfer admission, and involvement of a surgical resident. Multivariable predictors of mortality included impaired functional status, increased age, and postoperative sepsis. Cause of AAMI was not a significant predictor of morbidity or mortality. In a large sample of AAMI cases, AAMI remained a highly lethal and morbid condition. Predictors of morbidity and mortality included indicators of advanced presentation, treatment delay, and patient-related factors specific to AAMI, including debility and advanced age. Efforts directed at prevention and increasing the speed of diagnosis and definitive treatment appear to be necessary to improve outcomes.

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Lim, Wendy, Myra Wang, Karen Woods, Mark Crowther, and James Douketis. "The Management of Anticoagulated Patients Requiring Dental Extraction: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Oral Surgeons and Hematologists." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 629. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.629.629.

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Abstract Background: Studies in the dental literature and guidelines from the American Dental Association (ADA) and American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) suggest that oral anticoagulants do not need to be discontinued prior to dental extraction. Despite this, anticoagulants are routinely discontinued due to perceived risks in bleeding. This practice may place patients at avoidable risk of thromboembolic complications. Objectives: To compare how oral surgeons and hematologists manage patients receiving long-term vitamin K antagonists (warfarin) who also require dental extraction. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Methods: Pre-tested surveys were mailed to 168 oral and maxillofacial surgeons and 123 hematologists/thromboembolism specialists licensed to practice in Ontario, Canada. The survey consisted of 3 parts: an assessment of bleeding and thrombotic risk factors that influence practioners’ decision to discontinue anticoagulants, individual scenarios assessing practice patterns, and clinical scenarios with varying risks of bleeding and thrombosis. For the clinical scenarios, respondents were asked to rate their risk perception on a 10-point scale, and the means and standard deviations of the responses between oral surgeons and hematologists were compared using unpaired t-tests, SPSS Version 12.0. Results: A total of 291 surveys were mailed with a response rate of 47% (136 surveys). 82 (60%) of the respondents were oral surgeons (75% community-based, 25% academic) and 54 (40%) were hematologists (28% community-based, 72% academic). Warfarin is routinely discontinued at least 50% of the time by 37% of dental surgeons, compared to 71% of hematologists; 29% of hematologists reported always discontinuing warfarin. The 3 main factors that influence oral surgeons’ and hematologists’ decision to discontinue warfarin are complicated procedures, multiple extractions and patients with a prior history of bleeding; 20% of hematologists discontinue anticoagulants because of specific referral to manage anticoagulants around the time of extraction. The maximum international normalized ratio (INR) that hematologists consider acceptable for extraction is 2.0, with no hematologists recommending extraction above this level; 86% of oral surgeons would proceed with extraction with an INR up to 3.0. In the individual scenarios, oral surgeons are more likely to continue warfarin and use local measures (sutures, gelfoam) to control bleeding. Hematologists are more likely to discontinue warfarin, use bridging anticoagulant therapy and recommend antifibrinolytic agents. In the clinical scenarios assessing thrombotic risk, oral surgeons are more likely to perceive that the risk of thrombosis is higher than hematologists (p < 0.01). In contrast, in the clinical scenarios assessing bleeding risk, the risk of bleeding was rated to be similar by both groups. Conclusions: Despite ADA and ACCP recommendations to continue anticoagulant therapy in most patients undergoing dental procedures, over 70% of hematologists, and 37% of dental surgeons in our survey frequently discontinue anticoagulants. Although the cited reasons for discontinuation are similar between the 2 groups, the frequency of discontinuation is significantly lower in oral surgeons and may be related to the perception that thromboembolic risks are high compared to hematologists’ risk assessments.

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Journal articles on the topic 'International College of Surgeons'

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