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Journal articles on the topic 'International and municipal law – Bulgaria'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Frowein, Jochen A. "International Law in Municipal Courts." Proceedings of the ASIL Annual Meeting 91 (1997): 290–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272503700065915.

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2

The Italian Yearbook of Internation, Editors. "Relationship Between Municipal and International Law." Italian Yearbook of International Law Online 27, no. 1 (November 14, 2018): 452–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116133-02701026.

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3

The Italian Yearbook of Internation, Editors. "Relationship Between Municipal and International Law." Italian Yearbook of International Law Online 27, no. 1 (November 14, 2018): 495–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116133-02701033.

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4

Staiano, Fulvia. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUNICIPAL AND INTERNATIONAL LAW." Italian Yearbook of International Law Online 26, no. 1 (October 11, 2017): 556–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116133-90000181a.

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5

Lampo, Giuliana. "Relationship between Municipal and International Law." Italian Yearbook of International Law Online 28, no. 1 (October 18, 2019): 488–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116133_02801031.

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6

Mola, Lorenza. "Relationship between Municipal and International Law." Italian Yearbook of International Law Online 28, no. 1 (October 18, 2019): 493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116133_02801032.

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7

Collier, J. G. "Municipal Law and International Law Tangle Once More." Cambridge Law Journal 54, no. 1 (March 1995): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300083008.

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8

Stephan, P. B. "International investment law and municipal law: substitutes or complements?" Capital Markets Law Journal 9, no. 4 (September 11, 2014): 354–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cmlj/kmu028.

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9

CATALDI, GIUSEPPE. "XVIII. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUNICIPAL AND INTERNATIONAL LAW." Italian Yearbook of International Law Online 13, no. 1 (2003): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221161303x00209.

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10

Terrasi, Alfredo. "XVII. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUNICIPAL AND INTERNATIONAL LAW." Italian Yearbook of International Law Online 25, no. 1 (October 18, 2016): 536–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116133-90000130a.

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11

ANDREONE, GEMMA. "XVIII. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUNICIPAL AND INTERNATIONAL LAW." Italian Yearbook of International Law Online 9, no. 1 (1999): 188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221161399x00178.

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12

Popov, Nikolay, and Gergana Georgieva. "Political Participation And Protest Regulations In The Republic Of Bulgaria In 2013." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 500–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2015-0085.

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Abstract Holding a meeting or demonstration is a constitutional right (Art. 43 of the Constitution). The order is defined in the Law on gatherings, meetings and manifestations, and every municipal council shall issue an ordinance regulating the details for conducting such events in their country. However, the ongoing protests and counter-protests in Bulgaria have caused debates regarding the mass gatherings out in the open under the Bulgarian Law on gatherings, meetings and manifestations. Entered into force on 2.02.1990, the law does not seem a sufficient answer to the people's expectations for responsiveness to current conditions and dynamic public relations. The present article aims to indicate new practices in the forms of political participation in Bulgaria in 2013.
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13

Ferreira, Gerrit, and Anel Ferreira-Snyman. "The Incorporation of Public International Law into Municipal Law and Regional Law against the Background of the Dichotomy between Monism and Dualism." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 17, no. 4 (April 11, 2017): 1496. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2014/v17i4a2171.

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Monism and dualism represent two different approaches towards the relationship between public international law and municipal law. While the former views public international law and municipal law as a single legal system, the latter regards these two areas of law as separate and distinct legal systems that exist alongside each other. However, not all legal systems are clearly either monist or dualist. The dichotomy between monism and dualism no longer only concerns the relationship between public international law and municipal law, but also increasingly affects the relationship between public international law and regional law. This contribution discusses the application of the monist and dualist approaches by the South African Constitutional Court in the Glenister case and the European Court of Justice in the Kadi and Hungary cases in order to illustrate the practical application of the dichotomy between monism and dualism in a municipal system and on a regional level.
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14

Todorova, Velina. "The Rule of Law in Bulgaria." Southeastern Europe 44, no. 2 (July 20, 2020): 233–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/18763332-04402006.

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This article discusses to what extent Bulgaria has attempted to establish the Rule of Law in recent years and the reasons this aim has remain unattained. It outlines the “peripheral status” of law in Bulgarian society because of the society’s unaccomplished modernization. Next, the manifestation of deficiencies in the development of the Rule of Law is analyzed following Martin Mendelski’s conceptual model (de jure and de facto legality), in particular, in relation to the fight against corruption. The analysis is based on quantitative and qualitative evidence from the Legal Barometer project and the Study of Legislative Activity of the 44th National Assembly. The empirical facts prove that the state mostly produces legal texts and creates administrative structures (in its anti-corruption reforms as well), but not actual results in legal defence of human rights, property rights and in defence of public interests in general.
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15

Alvik, Ivar. "Concessions in International Law." Nordic Journal of International Law 91, no. 4 (December 5, 2022): 568–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718107-91040003.

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Abstract The article examines the extent to which concessionary rights are protected under three different branches of international law; traditional customary law, the case law of the European Court of Human Rights, and arbitral practice under investment treaties. It reveals clear similarities with respect to when such rights are considered protected. However, it simultaneously argues that case law under investment treaties tends to adopt a less nuanced approach to the nature of such rights, almost invariably assuming them to constitute a kind of property. This again entails that the investor/concessionaire is seen to have a right to performance, and in effect to protection of his expectation interest. The article shows how this stands in contrast with a more nuanced perspective under the property provision of the echr, which better reflects the complexities of the issue under municipal law. While a failure to sufficiently respect an investor’s legitimate expectations may entail liability for the state, it is not necessarily comparable to expropriation of property and will usually entail only that the investor has a right to recover his reliance loss. The article argues that this may be reflective of a more general tendency in international investment law and arbitration also pointed to by others, where the modality of protection under investment treaties threatens to distort important nuances and concerns and overprotect foreign investment compared to other private rights and interests under municipal law.
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16

STOILOVA, DESISLAVA. "ANALYSIS OF THE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OF MUNICIPAL ENTERPRISES IN BLAGOEVGRAD WITH Z-SCORE MODEL." Economics & Law 4, no. 1 (May 30, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/el.swu.v4i1.1.

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It is generally accepted that municipal property is a basic prerequisite for financial autonomy and administrative independence of local authorities. In Bulgaria, municipalities received ownership rights from the Constitution (1991) and this regulation was further confirmed by the Law on Local Self-Government and Local Administration (1991). In 1996 municipal property was finally settled with the adoption of the Law on Municipal Property and the Law on State Property. In the late 1990s local governments received significant amounts of assets from the central government. The process was accompanied by abuses of administrative authority, corruption scandals, and financial mismanagement. Two decades latter, Bulgarian municipalities have different types of assets, but the effectiveness of local financial management is still a topical issue. This paper aims to analyse and estimate the financial performance of nine enterprises owned by Blagoevgrad municipality with Z-Score model. The analyzed period covers the years from 2006 to 2020. The results indicate that municipal enterprises can achieve profitability while providing a wide range of services to the local community.
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17

Alizamini, Yaser Esmaeilpour. "Concept of Nationality under Municipal Law and International Law-Various Dimensions." International Journal of Social and Economic Research 4, no. 2 (2014): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-6270.2014.00495.4.

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18

Pond, Elizabeth. "Reinventing Bulgaria." Washington Quarterly 22, no. 3 (September 1999): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01636609909550405.

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19

Sik, Ko Swan. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 17 (December 1986): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800001616.

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20

Sik, Ko Swan, and P. C. Tange. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 18 (December 1987): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800001744.

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21

Sik, Ko Swan, and P. C. Tange. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 19 (December 1988): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800001860.

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22

Sik, Ko Swan. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 16 (December 1985): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800003561.

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23

Kirby, Michael. "The common law and international law – a dynamic contemporary dialogue." Legal Studies 30, no. 1 (March 2010): 30–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.2009.00138.x.

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International law, as expressed in treaties and in customary law, is of growing importance in municipal jurisdictions throughout the world. Some barriers to the use of international law in national courts are identified. Occasionally, they include scepticism and even hostility about this body of law. However, the past 60 years have witnessed a remarkable change in judicial attitudes in final courts in most Commonwealth countries.In the UK, the impact of Europe has helped create an ‘incoming tide’. In South Africa, India and Canada, constitutional provisions have stimulated the change. New Zealand is now affected by its Bill of Rights Act. But, in Australia, none of these forces was available and decisional authority adhered for decades to strict dualism.The changing pace of utilisation of international law in the UK and Australia are described. In the UK, the Human Rights Act 1998 now consolidates a trend already happening in the courts. In Australia, the Mabo decision in 1992 effectively endorsed the Bangalore Principles on the municipal application of international human rights norms. This paper describes the contrasting case-law. In the foregoing countries, it concludes with a response to criticisms of judicial utilisation of international law and a suggestion of the proper jurisprudential basis that can be identified to sustain a judicial process that is now well advanced in the countries surveyed.
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24

Hoffman, István, and János Fazekas. "The Nature of the “Quasi” – Municipal Policing in Hungary with International and Historical Outlook." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 15, no. 3 (June 28, 2017): 541–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/15.3.541-558(2017).

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The article reviews the legal status, the organisation and the tasks of Hungarian municipal policing, and the transformation of this system. Firstly, theoretical and international backgrounds of the topic are shown. Secondly, the article presents the changing roles of Hungarian municipal policing. Here, a tendency of nationalisation can be observed, but from the 1980s the framework of the municipal policing has evolved. Thirdly, the mixed nature of the Hungarian municipal policing is analysed which system can be characterise as a “quasi police” system because of the similarities and differences of the municipal and state police authorities.
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25

Labin, D. K., and T. Potier. "Keeping international law international, a reflection on Anthea Roberts’ “is international law international?”." Moscow Journal of International Law, no. 4 (March 23, 2020): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/0869-0049-2019-4-6-17.

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INTRODUCTION. Occasionally a book appears which has a significant impact on the scholarly community. A fine example of this is the work considered here by the Australian international lawyer, Anthea Roberts. Until very recently, comparative studies on international law were rare. However, as international law further develops and widens, so special attention will need to be paid to ensure that international law students are, to a greater extent, taught the same material and in the same way. As municipal systems of law became more mature, so doctrine and jurisprudence began to diverge. International law has now entered such a phase in its development and, in this excellent book, Dr. Roberts asks a series of very important questions: exactly what is taking place, what are the factors that are driving these processes, is such to be welcomed, is it unstoppable and where do we go from here?MATERIALS AND METHODS. The article reflects on Anthea Roberts’ book “Is International Law International?” (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2017). The authors of the article consider the contribution of the monograph to legal science, particularly with its interest in a revived Comparative International Law.RESEARCH RESULTS. The view of the authors of the article is that Anthea Roberts’ book is a work of profound significance, which will, hopefully, inspire additional research in the field of Comparative International Law in years to come.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. Comparative International Law is a relatively neglected field in International Law. Without question, the international legal academy (from the elite law schools of the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council) emphasises different things both in its scholarly writings and pedagogy. This needs to be given greater attention, even if, at least for now, it cannot be entirely arrested; so that the much-feared fragmentation of international law into not only separate fields and standards, but also in terms of agreeing on its content and application, is minimised.
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26

Tange, P. C. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 1992." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 24 (December 1993): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s016767680000009x.

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27

Tange, P. C. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 1993." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 25 (December 1994): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800000295.

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28

Tange, P. C. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 1994." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 26 (December 1995): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800000428.

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29

Barnhoorn, L. A. N. M. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 1995." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 27 (December 1996): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800000568.

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30

Barnhoorn, L. A. N. M. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 1996." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 28 (December 1997): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800000696.

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31

Tange, P. C. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 1997." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 29 (December 1998): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800000829.

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32

Tange, P. C. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 1998." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 30 (December 1999): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800000957.

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33

Tange, P. C. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 1999." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 31 (December 2000): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800001082.

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34

Tange, P. C. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 2000." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 32 (December 2001): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800001227.

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35

Tange, P. C. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 2001." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 33 (December 2002): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800001367.

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36

Tange, P. C. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 2002." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 34 (December 2003): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800001495.

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37

Tange, P. C. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 1988." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 20 (December 1989): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800001999.

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38

Tange, P. C. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 1989." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 21 (December 1990): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800002129.

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39

Tange, P. C. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 1991." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 23 (December 1992): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800002269.

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40

Tange, P. C. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 1990." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 22 (December 1991): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676800002397.

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41

Tange, P. C. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 2003." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 35, no. -1 (October 21, 2005): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676804004234.

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42

Tange, P. C. "Netherlands municipal legislation involving questions of public international law, 2004." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 36 (December 2005): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676805004137.

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43

Tange, P. C. "NETHERLANDS MUNICIPAL LEGISLATION INVOLVING QUESTIONS OF PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW, 2007." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 39 (December 2008): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676808003619.

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44

Tange, P. C. "NETHERLANDS MUNICIPAL LEGISLATION INVOLVING QUESTIONS OF PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW, 2008." Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 40 (December 2009): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0167676809000087.

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45

Nitzova, Petya. "Bulgaria: Minorities, Democratization, and National Sentiments." Nationalities Papers 25, no. 4 (December 1997): 729–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905999708408537.

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English-speakers and Bulgarian-speakers seem to read the term “minority” differently. While in English it is more a demographic term, meaning part of the population which is numerically smaller and distinctive from the largest group (the majority of the country), to Bulgarians the term has inalienable political connotations: “minority” is an ethnic or religious group, the rights of which are protected by international agreements and law with far reaching consequences.
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46

/, Alfred Michael. "Nationality and Obligations of Loyalty in International and Municipal Law." Australian Year Book of International Law Online 24, no. 1 (2005): 37–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26660229-024-01-900000005.

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47

Spanish Yearbook of International L, Editors. "Spanish Municipal Legislation Concerning Matters of Public International Law, 2003." Spanish Yearbook of International Law Online 9, no. 1 (2003): 223–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221161203x00075.

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48

Spanish Yearbook of International Law, Editors. "Spanish Municipal Legislation Concerning Matters of Public International Law, 2004." Spanish Yearbook of International Law Online 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221161204x00083.

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49

Spanish Yearbook of International Law, Editors. "Spanish Municipal Legislation Concerning Matters of Public International Law, 2005." Spanish Yearbook of International Law Online 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 229–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221161205x00073.

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50

Spanish Yearbook of International Law Online, Editors. "Spanish Municipal Legislation Involving Questions of Private International Law, 2006." Spanish Yearbook of International Law Online 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116125-90000009.

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