Academic literature on the topic 'Interlinkages analysis'

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Journal articles on the topic "Interlinkages analysis"

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Ghosh, Jayati. "The Interlinkages Between Paid and Unpaid Labour: A Homage to Krishna Bharadwaj." Indian Economic Journal 69, no. 2 (June 2021): 338–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00194662211019835.

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In this article, I attempt to extend Krishna Bharadwaj’s insight on interlinked rural markets to the analysis of the interlinkages between paid and unpaid economic activities; in other words, between work and employment. Specifically, I argue that the gendered division of labour in India creates much greater involvement in unpaid labour for women, which in turn has direct and pervasive implications for their involvement in paid employment. Indeed, the interlinkage between the two is so profound that it is impossible to understand trends in one without assessing trends in the other. JEL Codes: J210, J220, J46, J710
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Mitra, Bijon Kumer, Devesh Sharma, Tetsuo Kuyama, Bao Ngoc Pham, G. M. Tarekul Islam, and Pham Thi Mai Thao. "Water-energy-food nexus perspective: Pathway for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to country action in India." APN Science Bulletin 10, no. 1 (July 2020): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30852/sb.2020.1067.

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Water, energy and food securities lie at the heart of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Since these securities are interconnected, the business-as-usual approach (sectoral approach) cannot achieve them and need to apply the water-energy-food nexus approach for identifying and overcoming the roots of barriers and challenges. The study aims to prioritize interlinkages between SDG-2 (food security), SDG-6 (water security) and SDG-7 (energy security) for country action. In order to achieve this aim, the study implements a set of methods including stakeholder perception survey, network analysis, regression analysis and cross-sectorial group discussion. This article summarizes the outcomes of a case study in India. Stakeholders cognition derived through scrutinizing the perception survey admitted the need for a nexus approach in the action plans towards the SDGs. Quantitative assessment of interdependency showed that, of 182 interlinkages between SDG-2, SDG-6 and SDG-7 targets, 124 interlinkages had synergistic relation. The combined outcome of the cross-sectorial group discussion identified eight interlinkages as high priority (p>0.9) for immediate integrated planning and action. A total of ten interactions are moderate (p=0.6 to 0.9) and eight are low priority interlinkages (p<0.6). Solid understanding of synergies and trade-offs associated with SDG targets and initial prioritization of interlinkages would help India reorient its SDG priorities from a water-energy-food nexus perspective.
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Bali Swain, Ranjula, and Shyam Ranganathan. "Modeling interlinkages between sustainable development goals using network analysis." World Development 138 (February 2021): 105136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105136.

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Tegegne, Yitagesu Tekle, Mathias Cramm, and Jo Van Brusselen. "Sustainable Forest Management, FLEGT, and REDD+: Exploring Interlinkages to Strengthen Forest Policy Coherence." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (December 18, 2018): 4841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124841.

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Sustainable forest management (SFM) is a concept that guides forest management and policy globally. Over the past decades, two prominent regimes have emerged at the global level that can strengthen SFM: The European Union's Action Plan on Forest Law Enforcement, Governance, and Trade (FLEGT) and the United Nations’ mechanism for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (REDD+). However, the understanding of how FLEGT and REDD+ can interlink with SFM to strengthen forest policy coherence is limited. Enhancing knowledge about interlinkages and synergies is important in view of recent global commitments to strengthen policy coherence. This study employed content analysis of the main global policy documents related to FLEGT and REDD+ to identify (i) the potential contributions of the two regimes to SFM, and (ii) strategies to manage the interlinkages among SFM, FLEGT, and REDD+. The results revealed several potential interlinkages, such as monitoring, reporting, and verification systems, establishing the enabling conditions of SFM, and addressing drivers of forest degradation. However, the interlinkages must be managed if their potential is to be realized. For this, the study proposes three approaches to managing the interlinkages and catalyzing progress toward SFM.
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Rabinovych, Maryna. "Where Economic Development Meets the Rule of Law? Promoting Sustainable Development Goals Through the European Neighborhood Policy." Brill Open Law 2, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): 140–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23527072-20191017.

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The 2030 Agenda and pertinent EU law and policy are marked by an emphasis on the interlinkages between the Sustainable Development Goals. With this in mind, this article explores whether the Agenda and the respective EU law and policy offer a conceptually clear and instrumental vision of the interlinkages between economic development (Goal 8) and the rule of law (Goal 16). It is argued that both the Agenda and relevant EU policies view the rule of law both as an independent value and as an instrument of economic development, without distinguishing the components that rule of law is comprised of. The article discusses the Eastern dimension of the European Neighborhood Policy as a case study to contextualize the analysis. Based on its findings regarding the interlinkages between the rule of law and economic development in the 2030 Agenda and relevant EU policy, the article also sets out certain policy recommendations for creating a sustainable development-oriented design of the Eastern dimension of the European Neighbourhood Policy.
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Chakrabarti, Prasenjit, Mohammad Shameem Jawed, and Manish Sarkhel. "COVID-19 pandemic and global financial market interlinkages: a dynamic temporal network analysis." Applied Economics 53, no. 25 (January 17, 2021): 2930–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2020.1870654.

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Antoun de Almeida, Luiza. "A Network Analysis of Sectoral Accounts: Identifying Sectoral Interlinkages in G-4 Economies." IMF Working Papers 15, no. 111 (2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513523101.001.

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Sakthivel, P. "Interlinkages among Asian, European and the U.S Stock Markets: A Multivariate Cointegration Analysis." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 4, no. 3 (March 15, 2012): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v4i3.310.

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The present study attempts to investigate the dynamic interlinkages among the Asian, European and US stock markets. Daily closing prices of twelve stock indices relating to the period from 3rd January 1998 to 30th June 2010 and are used in the analysis. Both short and long run relationships are examined through Johansen-Juselius co integration and Vector Error Correction models (VECM) and Impulse Response Function (IRF). The results of the co integration test show strong co integration relationship across international stock prices indices. The results of the Vector Error Correction model reveal that the US and some of European and Asian Stock markets lead the Indian stock market. Finally, the evidence suggests that the impact of the US market on Indian stock returns is much higher than other way round.
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Zafeiriou, Eleni, Konstantinos Spinthiropoulos, Constantinos Tsanaktsidis, Stavros Garefalakis, Konstantinos Panitsidis, Alexandros Garefalakis, and Garyfallos Arabatzis. "Energy and Mineral Resources Exploitation in the Delignitization Era: The Case of Greek Peripheries." Energies 15, no. 13 (June 28, 2022): 4732. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134732.

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The efficient and sustainable exploitation of energy resources may secure a sustainable economic growth for different regions. However, the peripheries are subject to social, economic, and political constraints, with limited power over energy management. The present work examines regional convergence in exploitation efficiency as synopsized in the GDP generated by energy and minerals in an era of the country’s efforts to shut down the lignite-run power production. With the assistance of panel unit root tests, we confirm non convergence of the variables employed, an expected result given the fact that different energy sources are being used for energy production by each different periphery, generating different economic results. In the second stage the methodology employed is a Bayesian vector auto-regressive model (BVAR) with an informative prior on the steady state. The particular methodology outperforms the conventional VAR methodology due to limited degrees of freedom. The Impulse response analysis and the Variance Decomposition analysis confirmed interlinkages among the regions studied. This result implies that the growth generated by different energy and mineral resources are interconnected. Furthermore, the energy transition taking place in Megalopoli and West Macedonia, where the two greatest lignite industries were located until recently, affects the growth generated by energy and resource exploitation for all the other peripheries, according to our findings. The novelty of the present work stands on the concept to detect interlinkages of energy and resources-based growth for the peripheries in Greece with the assistance of the Bayesian Var. The results of the present work are significant, since our findings suggest to policy makers tools to promote economic growth generated by energy based on alternative energy sources, including the environmentally friendly ones, by taking into consideration the interlinkages established by the existing infrastructure and the conventional energy sources used.
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Urban, Patricia, and Markus Hametner. "The Economy–Environment Nexus: Sustainable Development Goals Interlinkages in Austria." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (September 27, 2022): 12281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912281.

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As an “integrated” agenda, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) acknowledge the interwoven nature of social and ecological systems. However, trade-offs between socio-economic activities and environmental preservation put the implementation of the SDGs at risk. The purpose of the present study is to uncover such trade-offs, by analysing interlinkages between economic and environmental SDGs in the Austrian context. We applied a mixed-methods approach, combining Spearman’s correlation analysis with expert judgement. Our results reveal that increasing gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (SDG 8) in Austria is accompanied by rising material consumption (SDG 12) and environmental pressures from agricultural production (SDG 2), which in turn has an impact on land ecosystems (SDG 15). We also detect synergies within the economy–environment nexus, such as of protected areas (SDG 15) and organic farming (SDG 2) with water quality (SDG 6). We conclude that in the face of climate change and ecological degradation, decision-makers need to take into account interlinkages between economic and environmental SDGs. When economic aspirations are in contrast with the preservation of the ecological foundations our societies depend upon, it is crucial that environmental goals receive more attention than they previously have.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Interlinkages analysis"

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GENTA, CHIARA. "Exploring assessment frameworks and interlinkages analysis for implementing circular economy strategies in European urban contexts." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2971670.

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Books on the topic "Interlinkages analysis"

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Almeida, Luiza Antoun De. Network Analysis of Sectoral Accounts: Identifying Sectoral Interlinkages in G-4 Economies. International Monetary Fund, 2015.

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Almeida, Luiza Antoun De. Network Analysis of Sectoral Accounts: Identifying Sectoral Interlinkages in G-4 Economies. International Monetary Fund, 2015.

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Almeida, Luiza Antoun de. Network Analysis of Sectoral Accounts: Identifying Sectoral Interlinkages in G-4 Economies. International Monetary Fund, 2015.

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Gellert, Raphaël. The Risk-Based Approach to Data Protection. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198837718.001.0001.

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The main goal of this book is to provide an understanding of what is commonly referred to as “the risk-based approach to data protection”. An expression that came to the fore during the overhaul process of the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)—even though it can also be found in other statutes under different acceptations. At its core it consists in endowing the regulated organisation that process personal data with increased responsibility for complying with data protection mandates. Such increased compliance duties are performed through risk management tools. It addresses this topic from various perspectives. In framing the risk-based approach as the latest model of a series of regulation models, the book provides an analysis of data protection law from the perspective of regulation theory as well as risk and risk management literatures, and their mutual interlinkages. Further, it provides an overview of the policy developments that led to the adoption of such an approach, which it discusses in the light of regulation theory. It also includes various discussions pertaining to the risk-based approach’s scope and meaning, to the way it has been uptaken in statutes including key provisions such as accountability and data protection impact assessments, or to its potential and limitations. Finally, it analyses how the risk-based approach can be implemented in practice by providing technical analyses of various data protection risk management methodologies.
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Book chapters on the topic "Interlinkages analysis"

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Fogarty, Irene. "Coloniality, Natural World Heritage and Indigenous Peoples: A Critical Analysis of World Heritage Cultural Governance." In 50 Years World Heritage Convention: Shared Responsibility – Conflict & Reconciliation, 43–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05660-4_4.

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AbstractThis essay analyses synergies and antagonisms of World Heritage cultural governance in respect of Indigenous peoples’ participation and rights. In tandem with recognition of nature-culture interlinkages, the World Heritage Committee has demonstrated a growing concern with rights-based approaches, moving Indigenous peoples’ rights to a more normative position in the Convention’s implementation. However, the Convention follows a Statist approach and adheres to a Eurocentric conceptualisation of nature, reproduced through World Heritage cultural governance. These issues can result in power asymmetries, coloniality of knowledge and the relegation of Indigenous peoples’ worldviews and rights.
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Fernández G. G., Eva, Ophelia Nicole-Berva, and Anna-Lena Nadler. "Organisational Solidarity in Switzerland Across Fields: Interlinkage Between Immigration and (Un)employment." In Transnational Solidarity in Times of Crises, 235–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49659-3_9.

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Abstract This chapter is devoted to an in-depth analysis of qualitative interviews about practices of solidarity in Switzerland among the fields of (un)employment and immigration. The chapter shows how institutional arrangements (policy frameworks) shape organisational solidarity within and across these two fields. The history of immigration in Switzerland goes hand in hand with the development of labour policies. This entrenchment is reflected in the activities held by the transnational solidarity organisations (TSOs) and the type of beneficiaries they support. The current research assesses TSOs’ solidarity practices while focusing on their networks of cooperation. Findings reveal that although “immigrants” and “workers” are not mutually exclusive groups, there is an implicit boundary between (un)employment and immigration associations. This translates into an organisational gap where people in situations of multiple sources of vulnerability lack full organisational support (e.g., precarious immigrant workers).
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Shrestha, Anushiya, Dik Roth, and Saroj Yakami. "From Royal Canal to Neglected Canal? Changing Use and Management of a Traditional Canal Irrigation System in Peri-Urban Kathmandu Valley." In Water Security, Conflict and Cooperation in Peri-Urban South Asia, 45–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79035-6_3.

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AbstractIn this chapter we discuss the changing uses and management of a traditional canal irrigation system against the background of processes of urbanization in Kathmandu Valley in Nepal. Until urbanization of Kathmandu Valley took off in the 1980s, the management of stream-fed canal irrigation systems had been a priority of both state agencies and the population that depended on agriculture-based livelihoods. The name rajkulo (royal canal) given to these systems expresses the historical interests of (royal) state actors in canal maintenance and management. Fed by a stream called Mahadev Khola in Dadhikot, a peri-urban village in Kathmandu Valley, Mahadev Khola Rajkulo is such a traditional canal irrigation system. Using an in-depth case study of this system, we analyse the interlinkages of demographic, socio-environmental, economic and local political dynamics with the changing canal uses and management. More specifically, we discuss how and why various actors became associated with, or dissociated from, canal use and management in recent times, and what these processes mean for water access, rights and security. We reflect on the implications of these changes for canal management and canal-related conflicts, against the background of national urban policies that formally aim to conserve agricultural land in Kathmandu Valley, but stimulate urban expansion in practice.
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Mehdi, Ali. "The Architecture of Survival." In A Shot of Justice, 144–97. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199490592.003.0004.

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A shift of focus from outcomes (child survival) to resources (determinants of child survival) makes the pursuit of justice problematic, given that several aspects of parental (especially maternal) well-being are closely inter-linked with child survival, linking the pursuit of justice for children with a broader pursuit of justice. This chapter begins with a critical analysis of the literature on the structural, intermediate and immediate determinants of child survival as well as their interlinkages and contextual variations. Against this backdrop, available data on access or utilization of determinants at the international, inter-state and inter-group level in India is discussed. This chapter demonstrates that, despite efforts to evolve an international consensus in favor of a simple biomedical intervention (vaccination), the sphere of determinants is empirically, normatively as well as politically problematic.
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Meen, Geoffrey, and Christine Whitehead. "Housing, Affordability and the Macroeconomy." In Understanding Affordability, 121–36. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529211863.003.0008.

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Chapter 8 marks the beginning of the book’s policy discussion. Not only is housing strongly affected by the macroeconomy, but housing also affects the economy as a whole. Although housebuilding is a modest part of economic activity, the indirect effects of housing are powerful. Chapter 8 considers these interlinkages. Early research, which concentrated on the relationship between housing and consumer expenditure, generated considerable controversy. The Global Financial Crisis stimulated further analysis, emphasising the role of housing wealth particularly in providing collateral for loans. Recent international studies have considered the impact of liberalisation of international capital markets; the importance of housing and housing finance for macroeconomic stabilisation; and in reverse the importance of macro policy for default, particularly in the light of the US sub-prime crisis. The chapter also discusses the extent to which housing becomes more sensitive to changes in monetary policy instruments in a liberalised environment.
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Laine, Tatu, Kasperi Korpinen, and Matti Hellqvist. "Simulation Approaches to Risk, Efficiency, and Liquidity Usage in Payment Systems." In Simulation in Computational Finance and Economics, 69–83. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2011-7.ch004.

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Payment systems constitute a critical aspect of modern economic infrastructure; yet understanding the payment system mechanisms remains elusive in the face of rapidly evolving financial markets and intricate institutional linkages. Computer simulations of payment systems have proven useful in determining optimal balances of risk, efficiency, and liquidity usage. Constructs such as gridlock-resolution algorithms and liquidity-saving mechanisms are now routinely applied in such areas as optimization of liquidity and payment delay, but can also be used to assess potential impacts of changes in policy or system setups. In addition, simulations can be extended to incorporate behavioral elements of participants by modeling their behavior with Agent-Based Modeling (ABM). The 2008 global financial crisis has increased interest in simulations to identify and quantify risk, particularly where new channels of contagion and complex interlinkages of markets and payment systems are involved. Payment system simulations offer central bank authorities broad possibilities to improve their risk monitoring and should be incorporated as a standard part of financial stability analysis.
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Seeman, Sonia Tamar. "Presenting Turkish Roman." In Sounding Roman, 312–61. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199949243.003.0009.

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The advent of “world music” as a commercial genre in 1990s impacted Turkish music markets. Turkish producers tapped Istanbul Roman musicians to blend local sounds with musical elements marked as “Western.” Drawing on techniques of keriz and doğaçlama, musicians explored changes in instrumentation, incorporated Western European harmonies and jazz riffs to sound an enlarged cosmopolitan social identity. Through exploiting “Roman-as-World-Music,” producers and managers drew on locally-instantiated ideologies about jazz to forge a transnationally-marketable project. A historical review of jazz in Turkey uncovers the historical precedent for forging musical interlinkages beyond Turkish borders, which musicians dew upon as an expression of actually-existing cosmopolitanism. Musical analysis of several works illustrate the process of metaphoric accretion of older iconic musical sounds with new and “Western” elements to signify new cosmopolitan social references. This chapter also investigates modalities within discrepant cosmopolitanism to reveal the contingent nature of cosmopolitan social formations and power differentials.
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"Soft Systems Methodology for Organizational Culture Analysis." In Applications of Soft Systems Methodology for Organizational Change, 74–97. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4504-1.ch004.

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The main purpose of this chapter is to present the interlinkage of soft systems methodology (SSM) and organizational culture. Often, organizations find themselves within a problematic situation connected with cultural issues. Analysis of such issues is complex because of the numerous stakeholders involved and the multi-faceted and dynamic nature of the culture. This chapter focuses on organizational culture, which is among the most important assets on which an organization rely, particularly for the sake of change management. Here the authors begin with a review on the concept of organizational culture and proceed to discuss the factors affecting the organizational culture and then present a model of organizational culture, cultural aspects of SSM, and a real-world application of SSM in the form of a case study of corporate ethical culture analysis.
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Abdulbari, Nasredeen. "The Interlinkage between Understandings of Self-Determination and Understandings of Peace." In Making and Breaking Peace in Sudan and South Sudan, 26–42. British Academy, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197266953.003.0002.

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There are two (not mutually exclusive) understandings of self-determination: a ‘thin’ one and a ‘thick’ one. The thin understanding focuses on secession; the thick understanding focuses on participation within the same state. In the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), the Sudanese government and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM) used both conceptions of self-determination. This chapter argues that the two understandings of self-determination correspond to two different understandings of peace and that in Sudan’s particular experience only self-determination in its thin sense, which corresponds to negative peace and not positive peace, was implemented in resolving the southern Sudan-northern Sudan conflict, explaining much of what followed. The chapter analyses the CPA and its implementation, as well as the two main constitutions that reflected its provisions, with the objective of examining the different understandings of self-determination that they incorporated, the conceptions of peace that correspond to them and how they were interlinked, and how this determined the degree of success in realizing peace through self-determination.
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Obendiek, Anke Sophia. "Conclusion." In Data Governance, 196–220. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192870193.003.0009.

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Abstract This chapter analyses normative justifications across conflicts. It develops an empirically grounded typology of four distinct visions of data governance that show how value orders are used in the resolution of conflicts. It outlines four distinct visions: local liberalism, digital economy, security partnership, and global cooperation. These visions specify different levels of restrictions for data use and sharing based on the proposed conceptualizations of data as a governable object as well as distinct justifications. The chapter further presents the central findings of the book, pointing to challenging actors, a stabilization mechanism, and the interlinkages with the normative structure of the field. In light of the emergence of new regulatory players such as China, the chapter finally assesses the potential for and implications of jurisdictional conflicts and their resolution across the globe.
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Conference papers on the topic "Interlinkages analysis"

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Pereira, Gabriel, Arturo Gonzalez, and Gerardo Blanco. "Complexity Measures for the Analysis of SDG Interlinkages: A Methodological Approach." In 6th International Conference on Complexity, Future Information Systems and Risk. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010374600130024.

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Reports on the topic "Interlinkages analysis"

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Guppy, Lisa, Paula Uyttendaele, Karen Villholth, and Vladimir Smakhtin. Groundwater and Sustainable Development Goals: Analysis of Interlinkages. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/jrlh1810.

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Groundwater represents 97% of the world’s available freshwater resources and is extensively abstracted throughout the world. While abundant in a global context, it can only de developed to a certain extent without causing environmental impacts. Also, it is highly variable across the globe, and where it is heavily relied on, it is less renewable. Hence, it is critically important that this resource is managed sustainably. However, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Development Agenda do not, as a rule, account explicitly for the significant role that groundwater plays and will continue to play in sustainable development. This report aims to unpack and highlight this role through consistent analysis of the interlinkages between groundwater and the targets of the SDGs. The key features of groundwater relevant to the SDGs are its use, management and sustainability. The methodology used to analyse groundwater interlinkages with SDG targets includes, first, identification of ‘evidence-based’ and ‘logical’ interlinkages. The first type of interlinkages is supported by existing data, while the second is by information and logic that needs to be drawn from existing bodies of relevant research. While only a few interlinkages may be seen at present as “evidence-based”, more data are continuously emerging to make more interlinkages supported by hard-core evidence. Subsequently, the interlinkages are classified into either ‘reinforcing’, ‘conflicting’ or ‘mixed’ – depending on whether achievement of a target will have predominantly positive, negative, or mixed impact on groundwater. The interlinkages are also classified into ‘primary’ and ‘secondary’, depending on how strong and direct the impacts on groundwater from achieving the targets may be. The report presents a summary of key interlinkages, and subsequently provides the narrative of all ‘primary’ ones. The analysis suggests that more than half of interlinkages are ‘reinforcing’, while only a few are ‘conflicting’. From a policy perspective i) conflicting interlinkages are the most critical and difficult ones to manage, and ii) it is important to draw synergies between SDG initiatives and groundwater to allow reinforcing interlinkages to materialise. Nearly a third of all identified interlinkages were classified as ‘mixed’. This means that when target activities are planned, careful consideration must be given to possible impacts on groundwater to avoid unintended negative outcomes that may not be evident at first. Primary interlinkages that constitute 43% of all may be the easiest to understand and the most important to plan for. However, there are even more secondary interlinkages. This means that groundwater experts need to be able to share knowledge to a range of actors involved in addressing the targets with secondary interlinkages to groundwater, and vice versa. It is also shown that i) the importance of groundwater to sustainable development is poorly recognised and captured at the SDG target level; ii) there is a lack of globally useful, up-to-date and SDG-relevant groundwater data available, which makes it difficult to make globally, and even locally, relevant recommendations for groundwater use, management and sustainability in the SDG era, and iii) there are often poor links between targets and their indicators. This may signal that all groundwater-related and groundwater-relevant aspirations may not be translated into real, let alone, measurable action. This report is not a comprehensive analysis and involves an element of subjectivity, associated primarily with the data and information paucity on one hand, and with the imperfection of the SDG target and indicator system itself – on another. However, even with these limitations, the report shows how significant groundwater is in sustainable development, even if the current SDG framework is implicit about this. Furthermore, it suggests a structured way to improve the visibility of groundwater in the SDG framework as it continues to develop.
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Hasanov, Fakhri. Oil Market Shocks and Financial Instability in Asian Countries. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2021-dp18.

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There is no commodity whose interlinkages with the macroeconomy have been studied as extensively as oil, starting with Hamilton’s (1983) seminal study. Thousands of subsequent studies have examined the relationship between oil prices and various economic variables, including the stock market. This strand of the literature began with the pioneering work of Kling (1985). Since then, other financial markets, such as banking, have also received a fair share of analysis.
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