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Journal articles on the topic 'Interim Federal Health Program'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Abdihalim, Hamid Yusuf. "Interim Federal Health Program for Refugees: Looking Back and Moving Forward." University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine 6, no. 2 (November 30, 2016): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/uojm.v6i2.1793.

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ABSTRACTRefugee health continues to be an important topic in domestic and foreign affairs. In Canada, the interim federal health program (IFHP) is what provides refugees with healthcare insurance. Since 2012, there have been a series of changes to the IFHP. Due to the precari­ous status of the IFHP over the past few years, there have been a number of challenges associated with it. This commentary provides a review of the IFHP’s history, outlines specific challenges that remain within the program, and puts forward potential solutions to those challenges. RÉSUMÉLa santé des réfugiés continue d’être un sujet important dans les affaires domestiques et étrangères. Au Canada, le programme fédéral de santé intérimaire (PFSI) est responsable de fournir l’assurance maladie aux réfugiés. Depuis 2012, il y a eu une série de change­ments au PFSI. Étant donné l’état précaire du PFSI au cours des dernières années, il existe un certain nombre de défis qui y sont as­sociés. Ce commentaire fournit un aperçu de l’histoire du PFSI, souligne les défis précis qui persistent dans le programme, et propose des solutions potentielles à ces défis.
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2

Leps, Caroline, Jessica Monteiro, Tony Barozzino, Ashna Bowry, Meb Rashid, Michael Sgro, and Shazeen Suleman. "110 Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP): Survey of Access & Utilization by Pediatric Health Care Providers." Paediatrics & Child Health 26, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2021): e79-e80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxab061.090.

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Abstract Primary Subject area Public Health and Preventive Medicine Background Canada is currently facing an increasing number of refugees and refugee claimants, yet Canadian health professionals are underutilizing the system intended to provide these individuals with healthcare. The Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP) provides temporary healthcare coverage for those who are ineligible for provincial or territorial insurance, including resettled refugees and asylum seekers. Research suggests there are ongoing challenges around the program such as who is covered and what services are covered. Objectives The objective of this study was to assess Canadian pediatricians’ current understanding and utilization of the IFHP, and perceived barriers to its utilization. Design/Methods A one-time survey was administered via the Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program. The ten question adaptive survey was available in English or French, in either paper or electronic format. Survey responses were collected for 6 weeks in early 2020 with two reminders sent prior to survey closing. In addition to descriptive statistics, multinomial logistic regressions were built to examine pediatrician use of the IFHP, work with IFHP-covered patients, and provider characteristics associated with registration and use. Results Of the 2,753 pediatricians and pediatric subspecialists surveyed, there were 1006 respondents (36.5% response rate). 52.2% of respondents had provided care to the IFHP-eligible patients in the previous 6 months. Of those participants, only 26.4% were registered IFHP providers, and just 10% could identify all services covered by the IFHP (Figure 1). Knowledge of 80% or more of supplemental benefits was associated with registration status (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.92; 95% CI 1.09 - 3.37). Amongst those who knew they were not registered, 70.2% indicated they did not know they had to register. aOR demonstrated that those with fewer years of practice had higher odds of not knowing that they had to register (aOR 1.22; 95% CI 1.01 - 1.49) Conclusion We demonstrate that the IFHP is poorly utilized by pediatric providers, with low registration rates and poor understanding of the IFHP-covered supplemental services, even among those who have recently provided care to the IFHP-eligible patients. Efforts to improve registration and knowledge of the IFHP are essential to improving access to health care for refugee children and youth. Funding: Study funded by the CPSP Resident Research Grant
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3

Bakewell, F., S. Addleman, and V. Thiruganasambandamoorthy. "P010: Use of the emergency department by refugees under the Interim Federal Health Program." CJEM 18, S1 (May 2016): S81—S82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2016.187.

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Introduction: In June 2012, the federal government made cuts to the Interim Federal Health (IFH) Program that reduced or eliminated health insurance for refugee claimants in Canada. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the cuts on emergency department (ED) use among patients claiming IFH benefits. Methods: We conducted a health records review at two tertiary care EDs in Ottawa. We reviewed all ED visits wherein an IFH claim was made at triage, for 18 months before and 18 months after the changes to the program on June 30, 2012 (2011-2013). Claims made before and after the cuts were compared in terms of basic demographics, chief presenting complaints, acuity, diagnosis, presence of primary care, and financial status of the claim. Results: There were a total of 612 IFH claims made in the ED from 2011-2013. The demographic characteristics, acuity of presentation and discharge diagnosis were similar during both the before and after periods. Overall, 28.6% fewer claims were made under the IFH program after the cuts. Of the claims made, significantly more were rejected after the cuts than before (13.7% after vs. 3.9% before, p<0.05). The majority (75.0%) of rejected claims have not been paid by patients. Fewer patients after the cuts indicated that they had a family physician (20.4% after vs. 30% before, p<0.05) yet a higher proportion of these patients were still advised to follow up with their family doctor during the after period (67.2% after vs. 41.8% before, p<0.05). Conclusion: A higher proportion of both rejected and subsequently unpaid claims after the IFH cuts in June 2012 represents a potential barrier to emergency medical care, as well as a new financial burden to be shouldered by patients and hospitals. A reduction in IFH claims in the ED and a reduction in the number of patients with access to a family physician also suggests inadequate care for this population. Yet, the lack of primary care was not reflected in the follow-up advice offered by ED physicians to patients.
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4

Warner, Alexandra, Nicole Bennett, Subuhi Asheer, Julia Alamillo, Betsy Keating, and Jean Knab. "Sustaining Programs: Lessons Learned from Former Federal Grantees." Maternal and Child Health Journal 24, S2 (January 29, 2020): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-020-02878-7.

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Abstract Introduction A common concern of federal funders and grant recipients is how to sustain program activities once their federal funding period ends. Federal funding can be intended to develop or seed a program but not necessarily to continue its activities indefinitely. Understanding the importance of programmatic sustainability, the Office of Population Affairs (OPA) conducted research in 2015 on the elements that contribute to sustainability. As part of the Sustainability Study, OPA collected information from former Pregnancy Assistance Fund (PAF) program grantees. Methods Grantees that were awarded cohort 1 PAF program funding (2010–2014) but not awarded cohort 2 funding (2014–2017) were eligible for study inclusion because their OPA funding ended more than 1 year prior to the Sustainability Study, allowing for an assessment of sustainability after federal funding. Seven former PAF grantees were identified as eligible. Interviews were conducted with six of these grantees; grant applications and interim final reports from all seven were reviewed. Results Five lessons emerged from interviews and review of grant documentation. Programs successfully continuing beyond the federal grant period tended to (1) diversify funding sources, (2) communicate regularly with key stakeholders, (3) form partnerships with like-minded programs, (4) consider implementing evidence-based interventions, and (5) begin planning for sustainability early. Discussion By considering these lessons learned from the research, grantees can be well positioned to continue beyond a federal grant period. The lessons garnered from the Sustainability Study have informed, expanded, and affirmed OPA’s sustainability toolkit, sustainability framework, and technical assistance.
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5

Connoy, Laura. "In the Name of Humanitarianism: The Interim Federal Health Program and the Irregularization of Refugee Claimants." Refuge 34, no. 2 (December 10, 2018): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1055577ar.

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Since 1957 Canada’s Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP) has provided health-care coverage to refugee populations. However, from June 2012 to April 2016 the program was drastically revised in ways that restricted or denied access to health-care coverage, specifically to refugee claimants—persons who have fed their country and made an asylum claim in another country. One of the main intentions of the revision was to protect the integrity of Canada’s humanitarian refugee determination system. However, this had a major unintended consequence: within everyday healthcare places like walk-in clinics, doctor’s offices, and hospitals, IFHP recipients were denied access to services, regardless of actual levels of coverage. In this article I analyze how these program restrictions were experienced within Toronto’s everyday health-care places through the concept of irregularization. I discuss how the IFHP, as a humanitarian health-care program, problematizes the presence of refugee claimants in ways that created experiences of vulnerability, insecurity, and anxiety. Building on this view, I conclude with a discussion of how activists who sought to draw attention to the experiences of refugee claimants in the aftermath of the IFHP revisions closed of truly transformative pathways toward social justice.
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6

Bakewell, Francis, Sarah Addleman, Garth Dickinson, and Venkatesh Thiruganasambandamoorthy. "Use of the emergency department by refugees under the Interim Federal Health Program: A health records review." PLOS ONE 13, no. 5 (May 10, 2018): e0197282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197282.

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7

Harris, Helen P., and Daniyal Zuberi. "Harming Refugee and Canadian Health: the Negative Consequences of Recent Reforms to Canada’s Interim Federal Health Program." Journal of International Migration and Integration 16, no. 4 (September 10, 2014): 1041–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12134-014-0385-x.

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8

Enns, Richard, Philomina Okeke Ihejirika, Anna Kirova, and Claire McMenemy. "Refugee healthcare in Canada: responses to the 2012 changes to the interim federal health program." International Journal of Migration and Border Studies 3, no. 1 (2017): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmbs.2017.081192.

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9

Kirova, Anna, Claire McMenemy, Philomina Okeke Ihejirika, and Richard Enns. "Refugee healthcare in Canada: responses to the 2012 changes to the interim federal health program." International Journal of Migration and Border Studies 3, no. 1 (2017): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmbs.2017.10002181.

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10

Chen, Y. Y. Brandon, Vanessa Gruben, and Jamie Chai Yun Liew. "“A Legacy of Confusion”: An Exploratory Study of Service Provision under the Reinstated Interim Federal Health Program." Refuge 34, no. 2 (December 10, 2018): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1055580ar.

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Afer years of cuts, Canada’s refugee health-care program, the Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP), was fully restored in 2016. In this exploratory study, eleven semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with refugee service providers in the City of Ottawa to learn about their experience with the restored IFHP to date. Five themes emerged from the interviews: service provision challenges during the years of IFHP cuts; support for IFHP restoration; entitlement gaps in the current IFHP; ongoing confusion about the IFHP; and administrative barriers deterring health professionals from IFHP participation. More research is needed to determine whether the identifed challenges with the reinstated IFHP arise on a national scale.
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11

Brandon Chen, Yin-Yuan. "The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada's Position Statement on Federal Budget Cuts to the Interim Federal Health Program." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 34, no. 9 (September 2012): 809–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1701-2163(16)35375-0.

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12

Arya, Neil. "The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada’s Position Statement on Federal Budget Cuts to the Interim Federal Health Program." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 34, no. 9 (September 2012): 810–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1701-2163(16)35376-2.

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13

Connoy, Laura. "(Re)Constructing and Resisting Irregularity: (Non)citizenship, Canada’s Interim Federal Health Program, and Access to Healthcare." Studies in Social Justice 13, no. 2 (February 21, 2020): 201–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v13i2.1662.

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This article analyzes the experiences of refugee claimants in Toronto’s everyday healthcare places, like walk-in clinics, doctor’s offices, and hospitals, in the aftermath of the 2012 Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP) revisions. By drawing upon critical migration scholarship that prioritizes (non)citizenship, as well as semi-structured interviews, I highlight how the social positioning of refugee claimants is modulated in ways that justify and extend the IFHP revisions to effectively deny access to healthcare, demonstrating the indeterminacy of access. I understand this process through the concept of irregularity, a non-juridical status that is contingently configured and enforced by state and non-state actors when one is (re)constructed as “out of place,” hence limiting access to resources and rights. In accordance with citizenship, it indicates how we can think of the (re)fashioning of people and groups particularly within the everyday. I follow this with a critical analysis of the contestations that emerged to challenge the IFHP revisions
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14

Evans, Andrea, Alexander Caudarella, Savithiri Ratnapalan, and Kevin Chan. "The Cost and Impact of the Interim Federal Health Program Cuts on Child Refugees in Canada." PLoS ONE 9, no. 5 (May 8, 2014): e96902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096902.

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15

Connoy, Laura. "Borderzones and the politics of irregularisation: the Interim Federal Health Program and Toronto's everyday places of healthcare." International Journal of Migration and Border Studies 4, no. 1/2 (2018): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmbs.2018.091215.

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16

Connoy, Laura. "Borderzones and the politics of irregularisation: the Interim Federal Health Program and Toronto's everyday places of healthcare." International Journal of Migration and Border Studies 4, no. 1/2 (2018): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmbs.2018.10012217.

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17

Antonipillai, Valentina, Andrea Baumann, Andrea Hunter, Olive Wahoush, and Timothy O’Shea. "Impacts of the Interim Federal Health Program reforms: A stakeholder analysis of barriers to health care access and provision for refugees." Canadian Journal of Public Health 108, no. 4 (July 2017): 435–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17269/cjph.108.5553.

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18

Antonipillai, Valentina, Andrea Baumann, Andrea Hunter, Olive Wahoush, and Tim O’Shea. "Impacts of the Interim Federal Health Program on Healthcare Access and Provision for Refugees and Refugee Claimants in Canada: A Stakeholder Analysis." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 32, S1 (April 2017): S82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x17002151.

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19

Nurelhuda, Nazik M., Mark T. Keboa, Herenia P. Lawrence, Belinda Nicolau, and Mary Ellen Macdonald. "Advancing Our Understanding of Dental Care Pathways of Refugees and Asylum Seekers in Canada: A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (August 23, 2021): 8874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168874.

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The burden of oral diseases and need for dental care are high among refugees and asylum seekers (humanitarian migrants). Canada’s Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP) provides humanitarian migrants with limited dental services; however, this program has seen several fluctuations over the past decade. An earlier study on the experiences of humanitarian migrants in Quebec, Canada, developed the dental care pathways of humanitarian migrants model, which describes the care-seeking processes that humanitarian migrants follow; further, this study documented shortfalls in IFHP coverage. The current qualitative study tests the pathway model in another Canadian province. We purposefully recruited 27 humanitarian migrants from 13 countries in four global regions, between April and December 2019, in two Ontario cities (Toronto and Ottawa). Four focus group discussions were facilitated in English, Arabic, Spanish, and Dari. Analysis revealed barriers to care similar to the Quebec study: Waiting time, financial, and language barriers. Further, participants were unsatisfied with the IFHP’s benefits package. Our data produced two new pathways for the model: transnational dental care and self-medication. In conclusion, the dental care needs of humanitarian migrants are not currently being met in Canada, forcing participants to resort to alternative pathways outside the conventional dental care system.
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Benavides, Abraham David, and Julius A. Nukpezah. "How Local Governments Are Caring for the Homeless During the COVID-19 Pandemic." American Review of Public Administration 50, no. 6-7 (July 15, 2020): 650–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0275074020942062.

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This article discusses the plight of the homeless during public health emergencies and the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It reviews the role of public administrators that grounds their efforts by examining their foundational purpose to serve the most vulnerable in our society. Using subsidiarity principle as the context, it discusses homelessness in America and the role of the federal Department of Housing and Urban Development and their Continuum of Care program. It also highlights the role of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention during public health emergencies and their interim guidelines for local governments in providing for the homeless during emergencies. Finally, through a case study on the city of Dallas, Texas, the article examines how local governments have responded to address the needs of the homeless during the COVID-19 pandemic. It concludes that it is imperative that public administrators at all levels of government explore areas of shared competence, cooperation, and allocate responsibility where it would yield the most efficient result.
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Philipsen, A., E. Graf, L. Tebartz van Elst, T. Jans, M. Colla, E. Sobanski, B. Alm, et al. "FC14-03 - First results of the compas group (comparison of methylphenidate and psychotherapy in adult ADHD study)." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1895. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73599-4.

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a serious risk factor for co-occurring psychiatric disorders and negative psychosocial consequences in adulthood. Given this background, there is great need for an effective treatment of adult ADHD patients.Therefore, our research group has conducted a first controlled randomized multicenter study on the evaluation of disorder-tailored DBT-based group program in adult ADHD compared to a psychophar-macological treatment.Between 2007 and 2010, in a four-arm-design 433 patients were randomized to a manualized dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT) based group program plus methylphenidate or placebo or clinical management plus methylphenidate or placebo with weekly sessions in the first twelve weeks and monthly sessions thereafter. Therapists are graduated psychologists or physicians. Treatment integrity is established by independent supervision. Primary endpoint (ADHD symptoms measured by the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale) is rated by interviewers blind to the treatment allocation (Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN54096201). The trial is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Research and Education (01GV0606) and is part of the German network for the treatment of ADHD in children and adults (ADHD-NET). In the lecture the first data of our interim analysis are presented (baseline data, results of treatment compliance and adherence).
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22

Demirdjian, Graciela. "OP164 Hospital Budget Impact Of High-Cost Drugs: The Case Of Nusinersen." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 34, S1 (2018): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462318001691.

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Introduction:Nusinersen is an orphan drug for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) recently approved for marketing. Its high cost, striking but limited evidence of efficacy, and strong demand by media and patient organizations have generated a health policy conflict. We analyze the flaws of available evidence on nusinersen and its budget impact at a pediatric hospital, and report a collaborative strategy for drug procurement and financing.Methods:Nusinersen is the highest-cost drug assessed by our hospital-based health technology assessment (HB-HTA) program so far. At the time of our assessment, only interim-analysis data of the pivotal randomized trial submitted to Federal Drug Administration (FDA) for approval and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) report containing unpublished final results were available. These secondary sources and other published phase II results were appraised. As a referral hospital, we concentrate most of the 300 SMA patients in our country. Hospital budget impact estimation included drug and hospitalization costs for the first and following years. The HTA report was submitted to the Ministry of Health to address this financing issue.Results:The available evidence of efficacy raised serious methodological and clinical uncertainties. First-year treatment cost per patient was estimated in ARS 13,008,688 (USD 752,000, 10 percent of pharmacy annual drug budget). Hospital budget impact (70 eligible patients) was ARS 910,608,160 (USD 52,000,000; 18 percent of total annual hospital budget). Our recommendation was to contact central level authorities to resolve both drug financing and patient access by negotiating a shared-risk approach for an expanded access program, allowing further data collection for reassessment after 12 months. This, in turn, fostered mutual collaboration and consensus within the health system where several lawsuits were demanding drug coverage. Negotiation with the industry was initiated by the Ministry.Conclusions:This case is a clear example of forthcoming ultra-high-cost drugs unaffordable by hospital budgets. Their acquisition opportunity cost is a health policy matter requiring to display collaborative coping strategies with Ministries and other stakeholders including industry.
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Limarenko, Olga, Elena Dergach, Sergey Kokhan, Svetlana Romanova, and Luiza Nadeina. "Features of distance learning of university students in the context of digitalization." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 12109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127312109.

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This article is devoted to special aspects of giving classes in the discipline “Applied Physical Education and Sports” at the Department of Physical Culture at Siberian Federal University. These aspects are considered an example of development and introduction of online course of the swimming specialization in educational process. It is connected with the transition to distance learning caused by the spread of COVID-19 infection in the world. The transition to this format of study was an effective way of interacting with full-time students in the applied discipline. It made it possible to avoid the eventual interruption of educational activities, as feedback from the “student – university teacher” was organized. This allowed the students to receive the full information by providing interim assessment for the spring semester of the 2019-2020 academic year. The article reflects the personal experience of university teachers in the development and implementation of the electronic course, its main resources, content, and features of functioning. This allowed asynchronously teach students, posting interactive lectures, offer videos on the topic of the course, issue practical tasks and training programs, check the assimilation of material, as well as monitor the performance of tasks, maintain motor activity and health of students.
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24

Evans, Andrea, and Savithiri Ratnapalan. "EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT VISITS BY CHILD REFUGEE CLAIMANTS AT A PEDIATRIC TERTIARY CARE CENTER." Paediatrics & Child Health 23, suppl_1 (May 18, 2018): e7-e7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxy054.018.

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Abstract BACKGROUND The Canadian government has announced the resettlement of 50 000 refugees from the Middle East by 2018. The proportion of refugees that are below 18 years of age have increased from 20% to almost 40% from 2005 to 2014 and is expected to increase further with new refugee influxes. Barriers to timely health care can worsen clinical presentations and outcomes, especially in vulnerable children such as refugees. This study aims to provide an overview of the epidemiology, clinical presentations, hospital stay metrics, and non-clinical support needs for child refugee claimants presenting to the emergency department at a large tertiary care hospital in Canada. OBJECTIVES To describe the emergency department visits by refugee claimants with IFH, including demographics, primary care access, immunization status, acuity of presentation, repeat visits, and admission rates. DESIGN/METHODS A retrospective chart review of all refugee children presenting to the emergency department at this tertiary care hospital from April 1 2014 to March 31st 2017. A case was defined as a child who presented to the hospital with Interim Federal Health (IFH) which is the federal health insurance program covers newly arrived refugee claimants in Canada. Descriptive statistics and chi square test for categorical data was used. Data was analyzed using SPSS v21 IBM 2012. Ethics was approved by the Ethics Review Board of the hospital. RESULTS In total, there were 646 visits to the emergency department by 388 patients with IFH. The average age was 6.4 years (IQR 2.9–9.3), of which 58% were females. Travel history was documented in 65% of cases. The majority of patients arrived from Southeast Asia and the Middle East. The average time spent in Canada was 217 days (IQR 78–205). Sixty percent of patients did not have an identified primary care provider. Those with an identified primary care provider had more non-acute (CTAS 4–5) visits than those without an identified primary care provider (p<0.05). Immunizations were not up-to-date per Canadian standard in 25% of those who had an immunization history documented. Translation services was used in 11% of visits. Admission rate was 12%, with average length of stay 3.4 days (std 4). Top three reasons for admission were febrile neutropenia, respiratory distress, and blood per rectum. One fifth (20%) of admissions occurred on the same day as the arrival of the patient to Canada. CONCLUSION A significant number of refugee children are needing emergency care and admission to hospital on the day they arrive to Canada. Most child refugees presenting to the emergency department did not have an identified primary care provider, and a quarter did not have up-to-date immunizations. Association with primary care provider suggests that linkage to primary care in this population should be a priority.
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Zhang, E., F. Razik, and S. Ratnapalan. "MP05: Injuries in refugee children presenting to a paediatric emergency department." CJEM 20, S1 (May 2018): S41—S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2018.159.

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Introduction: The number of refugees accepted to Canada grew from 24,600 in 2014 to 46,700 in 2016. Many of these refugees have young families and the number of child refugees has increased accordingly. Although child refugee health care has been in the forefront of media and medical attention recently, there is limited data on injury patterns in this population. Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program (CHIRPP) collects data on injuries in children presenting to the emergency department (ED). Our objective is to examine the clinical presentations and outcomes of refugee children with injuries presenting to a tertiary care paediatric ED. Methods: Our paediatric hospital has approximately 70,000 ED visits per year of which 13,000 are due to injuries and/or poisonings. The CHIRPP database was accessed to identify children with injuries presenting to our ED from April 2014 to March 2017 with Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP) registration status. All patient charts were reviewed to extract demographic and clinical care information. Results: There were 74 children with 81 ED visits during the study period of whom 19% were transferred from other facilities. Most of them (72%) were males with a mean age of 8.7 years (standard deviation 4.29). There were significant medical histories in 32% of children. The presentation to our ED (greater than 24 hours post-injury) was seen in 25% of visits. Twenty five percent of injured children were seen in our ED. The distribution of Canadian Triage Acuity Score (CTAS) scores 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were 0%, 16%, 37%, 46% and 1% respectively. However, subspecialty consultations were required in 69%, 60% and 27% of CTAS 2, 3 and 4 children respectively. Overall, 46% of all patients required subspecialty consults. The top three categories of injuries include fractures (23%), soft tissue injuries (20%) and lacerations (17%). More than half (56%) required diagnostic imaging. Most (89%) were treated in ED and discharged (average length-of-stay 3 hours 55 minutes) and 11% required admissions. 47% of children lacked primary care physicians. Conclusion: Almost half of refugee children with IFHP status require DI testing, sub-specialty consultations and primary care referrals when presenting to our ED with injuries. Follow up arrangements are needed as many do not have access to primary care providers. This demonstrates a need for securing primary care providers early for this vulnerable population.
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Kerwin, Donald, José Pacas, and Robert Warren. "Ready to Stay: A Comprehensive Analysis of the US Foreign-Born Populations Eligible for Special Legal Status Programs and for Legalization Under Pending Bills." Journal on Migration and Human Security 10, no. 1 (February 4, 2022): 37–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23315024211065016.

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This paper offers estimates of US foreign-born populations that are eligible for special legal status programs and those that would be eligible for permanent residence (legalization) under pending bills. It seeks to provide policymakers, government agencies, community-based organizations (CBOs), researchers, and others with a unique tool to assess the potential impact, implement, and analyze the success of these programs. It views timely, comprehensive data on targeted immigrant populations as an essential pillar of legalization preparedness, implementation, and evaluation. The paper and the exhaustive estimates that underlie it, represent the first attempt to provide a detailed statistical profile of beneficiaries of proposed major US legalization programs and special, large-scale legal status programs. The paper offers the following top-line findings: Fifty-eight percent of the 10.35 million US undocumented residents had lived in the United States for 10 years or more as of 2019; 37 percent lived in homes with mortgages; 33 percent arrived at age 17 or younger; 32 percent lived in households with US citizens (the overwhelming majority of them children); and 96 percent in the labor force were employed. The Citizenship for Essential Workers Act would establish the largest population-specific legalization program discussed in the paper. 7.2 million (70 percent) of the total undocumented population would be eligible for legalization under the Act. Approximately two-thirds of undocumented essential workers reside in 20 metropolitan areas. The populations eligible for the original Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program and for permanent residence on a conditional basis and removal of the conditions on permanent residence under the Dream Act of 2021 are not only ready to integrate successfully, but in most cases have already done so. A high percentage are long-term residents, virtually all have completed high school (or attend school), a third to one-half have attended college, and the overwhelming majority live in households with incomes above the poverty level. The median household income of California, Illinois, New York, and New Jersey residents that are eligible for the original DACA program is higher than the US median household income. New York and New Jersey residents that are eligible for removal of conditions on permanent residence under the Dream Act of 2021 also have median incomes above the US median household income. The total eligible for removal of conditions on permanent residence under the Dream Act of 2021 have median household incomes that are 99 percent of the US median income. Unlike populations eligible for most special legal status and population-specific legalization programs, childhood arrivals can be found in significant numbers and concentrations in communities throughout the United States, particularly in metropolitan areas. More than 1.8 million persons from El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras would be eligible for TPS if the Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) designated Guatemala for TPS and re-designated El Salvador and Honduras. Local communities can best prepare for legalization by collaborating on: (1) the hard work of assisting individual immigrants to meet their immigration needs; (2) dividing labor, integrating services, screening the undocumented for status, and building legal capacity; and (3) implementation of special legal status programs. This collective work should be viewed as a legalization program in its own right. The populations eligible for legalization and legal status under the programs analyzed in the paper have overlapping needs and large numbers of immigrants would be eligible for more than one program. However, substantial differences between these populations in size, geography, length of residency, education, socio-economic attainment, and English language proficiency argue for distinct preparedness and implementation strategies for each population. The paper also makes several broad policy recommendations regarding legalization bills, special legal status programs, and community-based preparedness and implementation efforts. In particular, it recommends that: Congress should pass broad immigration reform legislation that includes a general legalization program or, in the alternative, a series of population-specific programs for essential workers, childhood arrivals, agricultural workers, persons eligible for Temporary Protected Status (TPS) and Deferred Enforced Departure (DED), and long-term residents. In the interim, the Biden administration should also designate and re-designate additional countries for TPS. Immigration reform legislation should allow the great majority of US undocumented residents to legalize, should reform the underlying legal immigration system, and should provide for the legalization of future long-term undocumented residents through a rolling registry program. Congress, the relevant federal agencies, and advocates should ensure that any legalization program be properly structured and sufficiently funded, particularly the work of CBOs, states, and localities. Local communities should continue to build the necessary partnerships, capacities, skills, and resources to implement a legalization program. They should do so, in part, by collaborating on special legal status programs such as DACA, TPS, and naturalization campaigns, as well as through the steady-state work of assisting immigrants in their individual immigration cases and funding their representation as necessary in removal proceedings. Section I of the paper describes the populations that would be eligible for legalization under pending bills and that are potentially eligible for special legal status programs. Section II presents top-line findings based on the Center for Migration Studies’ (CMS’s) estimates and profiles of these populations. The report offers estimates of each population by characteristics — such as length of time in the country, English language proficiency, education, household income, health insurance, and homeownership — that are relevant to preparedness and implementation activities. Section III makes the case for immigration reform and a broad legalization program. Section IV offers detailed recommendations on the substance, structure, and implementation of these programs.
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Lynch, Deirdre C., Sari E. Teplin, Stephen E. Willis, Donald E. Pathman, Lars C. Larsen, Beat D. Steiner, and James D. Bernstein. "Interim Evaluation of the Rural Health Scholars Program." Teaching and Learning in Medicine 13, no. 1 (January 2001): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15328015tlm1301_7.

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28

Mikhailets, V. B., I. V. Radin, and K. V. Shurtakov. "Interim assessment of the degree of achievement of the planned indicators of the Federal target program «Research and development in priority areas of development of the scientific and technological complex of Russia for 2014–2020»." Economics of Science 5, no. 4 (December 27, 2019): 234–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2410-132x-2019-5-4-234-247.

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The article summarizes the results of the interim assessment of the degree of achievement of the planned indicators of the Federal target program «Research and development in priority areas of development of the scientific and technological complex of Russia for 2014–2020».
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29

Mallon, Timothy M., Tifani L. Grizzell, Cameron L. Nelson, and Michael Hodgson. "Federal Workersʼ Compensation Program Basics." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 57 (March 2015): S4—S11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jom.0000000000000407.

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30

Häußermann, Harmut. "The National "Social City Program": Findings from the Midterm Evaluation." German Politics and Society 24, no. 4 (December 1, 2006): 145–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2006.240407.

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The Soziale Stadt program, was introduced by the Red-Green coalition government in 2000, and has continued until today, despite the change in governing coalition. It is a cooperative program between the federal and Länder governments and has some innovative characteristics: cross-department cooperation at all administrative levels; integrative action plans; tackling social problems of neighborhoods in a new way; novel forms of participation and cooperation. After its first three years, the program is undoubtedly a great success, visibly addressing key issues in the cities and widening the scope for action. This article presents results of an interim evaluation showing that the results of program implementation, however, still remain modest.
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Larsen, Pamela, and Nadine Simons. "Evaluating a Federal Health and Fitness Program." AAOHN Journal 41, no. 3 (March 1993): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/216507999304100306.

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32

Gordon, Robert, Christopher Magee, Anna Frazer, Craig Evans, and Kathryn McCosker. "An Interim Prosthesis Program for Lower Limb Amputees: Comparison of Public and Private Models of Service." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 34, no. 2 (June 2010): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03093640903510980.

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This study compared the outcomes of an interim mechanical prosthesis program for lower limb amputees operated under a public and private model of service. Over a two-year period, 60 transtibial amputees were fitted with an interim prosthesis as part of their early amputee care. Thirty-four patients received early amputee care under a public model of service, whereby a prosthetist was employed to provide the interim mechanical prosthesis service. The remaining 26 patients received early amputee care under a private model of service, where an external company was contracted to provide the interim mechanical prosthesis service. The results suggested comparable clinical outcomes between the two patient groups. However, the public model appeared to be less expensive with the average labour cost per patient being 29.0% lower compared with the private model. The results suggest that a public model of service may provide a more comprehensive and less expensive interim prosthesis program for lower limb amputees.
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33

McArdle, Frank B. "Opening Up the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program." Health Affairs 14, no. 2 (January 1995): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.14.2.40.

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34

Schuttinga, James A., Marilyn Falik, and Bruce Steinwald. "Health Plan Selection in the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program." Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 10, no. 1 (1985): 119–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03616878-10-1-119.

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35

Байбарина, Елена, Elena Baybarina, Ольга Чумакова, Ol'ga Chumakova, Нина Рогинко, Nina Roginko, Ирина Петрунина, and Irina Petrunina. "The realization of the activities of the federal project «Development of the pediatric health care including the creation of the modern infrastructure for pediatric medical aid» (following the results of first half of 2019)." Vestnik Roszdravnadzora 2019, no. 4 (August 22, 2019): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35576/article_5d651dbc4c9885.75717307.

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The article presents the interim results of the realization of the activities of the federal project «Development of the pediatric health care including the creation of the modern infrastructure for pediatric medical aid» included in the National project «Health care». The role of Roszdravnadzor and main directions of its real-time monitoring system over the realization of the given federal project in the regions of the Russian Federation are demonstrated.
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36

L., J. F. "THIS FEDERAL HEALTH PLAN WORKED TOO WELL." Pediatrics 93, no. 2 (February 1, 1994): A46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.93.2.a46.

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Before okaying any plan that attempts to increase access to health care while harnessing costs, congress ought to re-examine the government-funded End-State Renal Disease program. It shows that per-treatment costs can be controlled by setting limits on what providers are paid, but controlling the volume is vastly more complex... A program that initially served 11,000 people today serves 165,000 and is expected to soon have 300 000 beneficiaries... First year costs were $229 million and reached $1 billion by 1977. In 1991, the program cost $6.6 billion. Even so, efforts by Medicare, which administers the program, to control perpatient costs have been a great success. Administrators capped the reimbursement rate early and steadfastly refused to raise it—not even to compensate for inflation. Twice the rate was lowered. Thus, the cost in constant dollars of a dialysis treatment has fallen 61%—$54 from $138... Today dialysis patients are older and sicker, and people over age 65 form the fastest growing group of new users. Among the aged beneficiaries are people in a persistent vegetative state and nursing-home residents who go to dialysis centers on stretchers... In Britian it is rare for anyone over age 55 to go on dialysis, largely because the British health-care system contains an implicit bias against providing dialysis for any kidney patient with multiple serious disorders, which elderly patients almost always have. As a result, for every million people in Britain, 154 are on dialysis; in the U.S., 539 people out of every million are on dialysis.
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37

Lipton, Harold, Elaine Raivio, Ellen Perrault, Barbara Bryden, Virginia Caputy, Linda Binding, Deborah Pace, et al. "Integrating Children's Mental Health in Primary Health Care." Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health 27, no. 2 (September 1, 2008): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7870/cjcmh-2008-0025.

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The Healthy Minds/Healthy Children Outreach Service is part of Alberta's strategy to increase the capacity of primary care providers to identify and treat children and youth with mental health issues. Program development, implementation, and interim results are presented. Particular challenges connecting with Aboriginal communities, developing resources, and providing clinical consultation and online professional development are discussed. Evaluation data suggest that this form of collaborative, educational, interprofessional service is a promising approach to narrowing the care gap for children with mental health issues.
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Carter, William B., Gilbert S. Omenn, Mona Martin, Carolyn Crump, Jo Anne Grunbaum, and O. Dale Williams. "Characteristics of Health Promotion Programs in Federal Worksites: Findings from the Federal Employee Worksite Project." American Journal of Health Promotion 10, no. 2 (November 1995): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-10.2.140.

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Purpose. To describe how well-established health promotion programs at selected federal worksites were designed, organized, and implemented and to identify factors related to employee participation. Design. This descriptive study related characteristics of the health promotion program, worksites, and workforce to employee participation and perceptions of program impacts. Setting. The study was conducted at 10 established federal worksite health promotion programs in various regions of the country. Subjects. A total of 3403 of 5757 federal employees (59%) sampled completed employee surveys. Measures. Study data were collected from on-site observations, interviews, focus groups, and employee surveys. Results. Overall, program participation rates were high, and employees reported positive impacts on their health and attitudes toward the agency. Participation in health screening, perceived program convenience, and perceived support by management and others were important determinants of participation and of perceived work-related outcomes. Conclusions. Although site selection and response rate limit generalizability, the sites evaluated represent a broad cross-section of different types and sizes of agencies. The findings should be relevant in many other settings. Study programs compare favorably with private sector programs. Employees viewed the programs very positively. The most cogent challenge in justifying these, and perhaps other, worksite programs is that most participants already or simultaneously engage in health promotion activities elsewhere “on their own.”
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Adirim, T., and L. Supplee. "Overview of the Federal Home Visiting Program." PEDIATRICS 132, Supplement (November 1, 2013): S59—S64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-1021c.

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40

Deng, Qiqi, Ying-Ying Zhang, Dooti Roy, and Ming-Hui Chen. "Superiority of combining two independent trials in interim futility analysis." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 29, no. 2 (April 8, 2019): 522–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280219840383.

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Traditionally, statistical methods for futility analysis are developed based on a single study. To establish a drug's effectiveness, usually at least two adequate and well-controlled studies need to demonstrate convincing evidence on its own. Therefore, in a standard clinical development program in chronic diseases, two independent studies are generally conducted for drug registration. This paper proposes a statistical method to combine interim data from two independent and similar studies for interim futility analysis and shows that the conditional power approach based on combined interim data has better operating characteristics compared to the approach based on single-trial interim data, even with small to moderate heterogeneity on the treatment effects between the two studies.
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41

Lynch, Rebecca D., Donna J. Biederman, Susan Silva, and Kim Demasi. "A Syringe Service Program Within a Federal System." Journal of Addictions Nursing 32, no. 2 (April 2021): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jan.0000000000000402.

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42

O'Brien, Michael, and Michael Graham. "Rehabilitation Counseling in the State or Federal Program." Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin 52, no. 2 (January 2009): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034355208323948.

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43

Bergin, Anne, Sandra G. Leggat, David Webb, and Koh Ai Lane. "A case study on easing an institutional bottleneck in aged care." Australian Health Review 29, no. 3 (2005): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah050327.

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This is a case study about a cross-sector Interim Health Care Strategy (IHCS) developed by a Victorian metropolitan health service in partnership with a private residential facility and a community agency to provide a range of transitional or interim care initiatives for public hospital patients awaiting permanent residential care after completing acute or subacute treatment. The aims were to improve access to emergency and acute inpatient services, while meeting the needs of residential care clients in the metropolitan suburbs. The components included care within a residential care facility, communitybased interim care and a subsequent Extended Rehabilitation Program. This IHCS has shown how a cross-sector initiative can improve care and outcomes of patients awaiting residential care placement. The case study shows how a multifaceted strategy that built upon existing relationships with strong planning, organisational commitment and a facilitating structure was successful in improving care integration.
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44

Atherly, Adam, Curtis Florence, and Kenneth E. Thorpe. "Health Plan Switching among Members of the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program." INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 42, no. 3 (August 2005): 255–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5034/inquiryjrnl_42.3.255.

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This paper examines factors associated with switching health plans in the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program. Switching plans is not uncommon, with 12% of members switching plans annually. Individuals switch out of plans with premium increases and benefit decreases relative to other plans in the market. Switching is negatively associated with age due to increasing switching costs associated with age rather than decreasing premium sensitivity. Individuals in preferred provider organizations are less likely to switch, but are more responsive to premium increases than those in the managed care sector. Those who do switch plans are likely to switch to a different plan in the same sector.
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45

Fuchs, Beth C. "Increasing Health Insurance Coverage through an Extended Federal Employees Health Benefits Program." INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 38, no. 2 (May 2001): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5034/inquiryjrnl_38.2.177.

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The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program (FEHBP) could be combined with health insurance tax credits to extend coverage to the uninsured. An extended FEHBP, or “E-FEHBP,” would be open to all individuals who were not covered through work or public programs and who also were eligible for the tax credits on the basis of income. E-FEHBP also would be open to employees of very small firms, regardless of their eligibility for tax credits. Most plans available to FEHBP participants would be required to offer enrollment to E-FEHBP participants, although premiums would be rated separately. High-risk individuals would be diverted to a separate high-risk pool, the cost of which would be subsidized by the federal government. E-FEHBP would be administered by the states, or if a state declined, by an entity that contracted with the Office of Personnel Management. While E-FEHBP would provide group insurance to people who otherwise could not get it, premiums could exceed the tax-credit amount and some people still might find the coverage unaffordable.
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46

Boles, Corey, Justine Parker, Laura Hallett, and John Henshaw. "Current understanding and future directions for an occupational infectious disease standard." Toxicology and Industrial Health 36, no. 9 (September 2020): 703–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233720964646.

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The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has demonstrated a need for an infectious disease standard that will promote a safe and healthy work environment and assure business continuity. The current pandemic has revealed gaps in workplace preparedness and employee protections to microbial exposures. Federal and state government agencies have responded by providing interim guidelines and stop-gap measures that continue to evolve and vary in approach and required controls. This interim and inconsistent approach has resulted in confusion on the part of businesses as they work toward reopening during the pandemic and uncertainty as to the efficacy of required or suggested controls. Moving forward, the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration, with guidance from the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, should establish consistent and effective strategies through a nationwide standard to address the potential microbial exposures in the workplace. Such a standard will require effective worker protections from infectious diseases and assure business continuity.
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47

Geltman, Elizabeth. "Environmental Health Regulation in the Trump Era: How President Trump’s Two-for-One Regulatory Plan Impacts Environmental Regulation." University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform, no. 51.4 (2018): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.36646/mjlr.51.4.environmental.

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This Article explores the Trump regulatory reform agenda and its potential impact on environmental determinants of health. The Article begins with a discussion of the Department of Commerce’s (DOC or Commerce) initial fact-finding investigation to evaluate the impact of federal regulations on domestic manufacturing. The Article next presents an overview of the Trump administration’s regulatory reform formula as announced in E.O. 13771 and the interim guidance explaining E.O. 13771 and E.O. 13777 (the executive order announcing the Trump administration’s plans to enforce the regulatory reform plan announced in E.O. 13771). The Article then examines the federal agency initiatives undertaken in response to the Trump directives, including both fact-finding dockets and regulatory action published in the federal register applying the executive orders. This Article concludes with concerns about the practical effects of the new policy on the future of environmental determinants of health and recommends that the policy be reevaluated after a year to understand the unintended effects of this means of deregulation.
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48

Lindblad, Richard. "Civil Commitment under the Federal Narcotic Addict Rehabilitation Act." Journal of Drug Issues 18, no. 4 (October 1988): 595–624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204268801800407.

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The Federal Narcotic Addict Rehabilitation Act (NARA) provided for compulsory treatment and supervised aftercare of narcotic addicts. The law was passed amid controversy as to whether addiction should be controlled by enforcement efforts or through treatment and prevention. Through NARA, treatment was permitted for offenders as a pre-trial civil commitment instead of prosecution for addicts convicted of specific crimes and for voluntary applicants. The law was complex in its implementation because each treatment category had burdensome legal and logistical particularities. Numerous “gatekeepers” screened and selected clients for admission resulting in frequent disagreement about clients' eligibility. Because capacity was limited during preliminary program development, many potential clients were rejected from the program. The program suffered criticism because of its high rejection rate and because of perceived high program costs. NARA was a relatively short-lived program superseded by other legislation Still, much was learned from the program and a national network of treatment providers resulted. Civil commitment proved to be an effective way of bringing narcotic addicts into treatment, and evaluations of those admitted show they did as well as or better than those treated in other settings.
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Trafton, Sarah, Laura Pollard Shone, Jack Zwanziger, Dana B. Mukamel, Andrew W. Dick, Jane L. Holl, Lance E. Rodewald, Richard F. Raubertas, and Peter G. Szilagyi. "Evolution of a Children's Health Insurance Program: Lessons From New York State's Child Health Plus." Pediatrics 105, Supplement_E1 (March 1, 2000): 692–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.105.se1.692.

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The State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) was passed by Congress in 1997. It provides almost $40 billion in federal block grant funding through the year 2007 for states to expand health insurance for children. States have the option of expanding their Medicaid programs, creating separate insurance programs, or developing combination plans using both Medicaid and the private insurance option. New York State's child health insurance plan, known by its marketing name Child Health Plus, was created by the New York Legislature in 1990. New York's program, along with similar ones from several other states, served as models for the federal legislation, especially for state health insurance plans offered through private insurers. New York's program provides useful data for successful implementation of SCHIP.
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50

Song, Zirui, and Sanjay Basu. "Improving Affordability and Equity in Medicare Advantage." INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 56 (January 2019): 004695801985287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0046958019852873.

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Facing projected growth in federal deficits, policymakers may increasingly look to Medicare for opportunities to slow spending. Medicare Advantage, which has grown to over one-third of the Medicare population, now costs the federal government over $230 billion a year. Competition in the program is weak in many parts of the country and federal subsidies are distributed unevenly to beneficiaries who are enrolled. This article offers a potential approach toward reforming the Medicare Advantage payment system, which could lower federal costs and enhance equity in the program. It builds a simple framework containing policy options and uses 2015 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services data to estimate the stylized impact on federal spending and enrollee benefits.
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