Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Interfaces à contact intermittent'
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Cruz, Fierro Oscar Eduardo de la. "Contributions to the Study of Intermittent Contact Haptic Interfaces." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS071.
Full textForce feedback interfaces are robotic systems allowing natural motion interactions with virtual or remote environments. They are employed in several domains such as remote handling (e.g. nuclear, subsea, space), manufacturing, entertainment, education, medicine and rehabilitation, just to mention the most popular. In virtual reality (VR) applications, the user typically holds a handle that is mechanically linked to the end-effector of the robot. This link has a non-negligible influence since the presence of the robot can be felt (friction, inertia and vibrations of the mechanical structure) even in free space, decreasing the realism of the interaction. Intermittent-contact haptic interfaces (IC-HIs) represent a promising approach to cope with this issue. These interfaces track and closely follow (without contact) the user movements in free space and come to his/her contact only when force feedback is required. This way IC interfaces aim to improve the realism of the interactions. The thesis presented concerns the study and improvement of such IC-His
Gonzalez, Franck. "Contributions au développement d'une interface haptique à contacts intermittents." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066068/document.
Full textHaptic interfaces allow an operator to interact with a virtual environment through the sense of touch. Nowadays, most existing interfaces are mechanically connected to the user's hand throughout the simulation. Therefore he or she interacts with the virtual environment by means of a handle. Thus the interaction is neither natural nor intuitive, and the permanent connection between the robot and the operator is the source of perturbations which prevent the interaction from being perfectly transparent and realistic. The goal of this study is to increase transparency as much as possible by disconnecting the robot from the user when s/he is not in contact with the virtual environment, through the design of a dexterous haptic interface allowing for a more natural interaction than with a classical interface taking into account only one contact point. A state-of-the-art of dexterous haptic interfaces and another for intermittent contact devices are first gathered, and the human performances that should be taken into account for the design of a dexterous haptic interface are analysed. A bidirectional end-effector for intermittent contact is then devised. It is set up at the tip of a haptic interface and several solutions are tested for its control. The performances of six users are compared on the context of a contact detection task, first using the intermittent contact end-effector, then using a classical haptic device. A methodology for the choice of the hand contact areas that should be taken into account in the design of a dexterous haptic interface to enhance the naturalness of the interaction is proposed. Finally, some perspectives are given as for the extension of this study for the design of a dexterous encounter-type haptic interface
Mercado, Garcia Victor Rodrigo. "Contribution to the Study of Usability and Haptic Feedback of Encountered-Type Haptic Displays." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2021. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03789676.
Full textEncountered-Type Haptic Displays (ETHDs) are robotic devices that follow the users' hand and locate themselves in an encountered position when users want to touch objects in immersive virtual reality (VR). Despite these advantages, several challenges are yet to be solved in matters of usability and haptic feedback. This thesis presents a series of contributions to leverage ETHDs through research axes for both usability and haptic feedback.The first contribution in the usability axis studied the design of safety techniques for ETHDs based on visual feedback. Then, a series of interaction techniques for surface exploration with ETHDs is presented. These techniques explored several combinations of factors related to ETHD control to give users the sensation of touching a large surface in VR.Concerning the haptic feedback axis, we introduce an approach for large, multi-textured surface rendering. This approach is based on a rotating, multi-textured, cylindrical prop attached to an ETHD's end-effector. Finally, the thesis presents a contribution to object manipulation in VR using a detachable tangible object and an ETHD. This contribution permits creating, destroying and reconfiguring tangible objects in immersive virtual environments
Gibbins, Josh. "Thermal Contact Resistance of Polymer Interfaces." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2856.
Full textThe experimental data was compared to the CMY plastic contact model, the Mikic elastic contact model and the SY elasto-plastic contact model to investigate the ability of such established thermal contact models to predict the thermal contact resistance at polymer interfaces. Based upon predictions made in regards to the mode of deformation of the asperities on the contacting surfaces the appropriate contact model showed good agreement with the experimental data for the stainless steel-stainless steel data set and the polycarbonate-stainless steel data sets. There was poor agreement between the all three contact models and the experimental data for the polycarbonate-polycarbonate data sets. It was determined that uncertainties in the proposed experimental method prevented an accurate measurement of the thermal contact resistance values for the polycarbonate-polycarbonate data sets.
The purpose of this investigation was to extend the use of established thermal contact models to polymer interfaces and to provide a comparison between the thermal contact resistance values of metal and polymer interfaces.
Thermal contact resistance for the polymer to metal interface was shown to be predicted by the Mikic elastic contact model in comparison to the metal to metal interface which was shown to be predicted by the CMY plastic contact model. The thermal contact resistance for a polymer interface was found to be on the same order as a metal interface.
Reshamwala, Chetak M. (Chetak Mahesh) 1979. "Contact resistance in RFID chip-antenna interfaces." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8193.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 21).
The purpose of this study was to determine a force-deflection relationship and a force-contact area relationship between a flat planar solid and a spherical solid in terms of material and surface properties of the two bodies. This relationship was determined and it was discovered that the force was directly proportional to both the deflection and contact area. This information is useful in the design and performance of RFID chips. The RFID chip-antenna interface is the area of greatest power loss in the system, and by determining a relationship to increase the contact area in that region, the power loss to the antenna can be reduced. Moreover, an analysis including asperities on the micro scale geometry of the solids was conducted. In the final approach to the problem, a random distribution of asperity types was analyzed. An expression was derived for the total force applied in terms of a given deflection and a range of asperity radii of curvature. A three-dimensional graph was created to show how each of these variables depends on the each other when asperities exist. This relationship is very significant, because it can be used to improve current RFID chip technology to achieve better performance. This expression can also be used to determine specifications in the manufacturing process to achieve a certain deflection or area of contact between the contacting bodies, thereby improving the current manufacturing process.
by Chetak M. Reshamwala.
S.B.
Dang, Viet-Hung. "Dynamique des interfaces multicontact." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECDL0016/document.
Full textThe friction noise between two rough surfaces is caused by the vertical vibration generated by inter-asperity impacts of sliding solids. This phenomenon involves the physics of multicontact interfaces, a field which is largely unknown. The purpose of this thesis is to understand the mechanisms of noise generation and the energy transfer process between two rough surfaces in sliding contact. The contact spots in the interface are rapidly renewed during the movement in a random fashion but their statistical properties remain to be discovered. A numerical tool is developed in order to efficiently study this phenomenon at both macroscopic and microscopie scales. The simulations are carried out thanks to the high performance computing centre in Lyon. This study leads to the following conclusions. The vibration level Lv (dB) is an increasing logarithm function of surface roughness Ra and sliding velocity V. This statement is consistent with experimental results available in the literature. Moreover, we can analyze precisely the asperity shocks which are defined from the time evolution of the contact force. The shock duration is of the order of 0.1 ms, the maximal contact force can reach to 100 times the weight of sliding solid, and the shock rate is of the order of 10000 for a surface of 4 cm2 . The asperity shocks are transient excitations, brief but abundant and intensive. These shocks behave like vibrational energy sources and are responsible of the energy transfer in the interface. This is the transformation process of kinetic energy to vibrational energy which is responsible of friction noises
Chabrier, Anthony. "Etude théorique et expérimentale d'une interface à retour d'effort augmenté." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066383/document.
Full textPhysical interactions involve highly dexterous movements and exchanges of diverse information. Numerous haptic interfaces were developed with the aim to reproduce these dexterous gestures and each of these interactions. However, it is technically impossible to date to design an interface simulating all of them with a realistic haptic feedback.I propose to identify the most important interactions and the hand areas the most interesting to stimulate, and then to study how associate different devices to improve the feeling of an operator. I decided to focus on: the transition between user’s movements in free space and in contact with an object, force feedback, and finally local and global deformation of the fingers’ pulp, with an emphasis on the four following areas: distal phalanges of the thumb, index and middle finger, plus the external side of the index finger. To make this possible during a PhD, I finally decided to focus on an intermittent contact force feedback interface for the thumb and index fingers, by taking into account the future integration of more complete feedback. Therefore, I first developed instrumented end-effectors able to remotely measure the 6D configuration of the distal phalanx of the fingers without any contact with them. Then I dimensioned and designed a glove-type haptic interface with two fingers. This device allows controlling the position and orientation of the intermittent contact end-effectors in 6D throughout the whole fingers workspace. It is also able to generated force feedback when necessary. Finally, I studied the control laws of this interface in all its operating phases and its performances were evaluated
Taphouse, John Harold. "Thermal contact resistance in carbon nanotube forest interfaces." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54853.
Full textDubourg, Fabien. "Nanomécanique et dynamique des polymères par microscopie de force en contact intermittent." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007198.
Full textDubourg, Fabien. "Nanomécanique et dynamique des polymères par microscopie de force en contact intermittent." Phd thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12630.
Full textBalakrishnan, Asha 1974. "Contact-type mechanical interfaces for high speed digital interconnects." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9404.
Full textMichel, Denis. "Applications de la microscopie à force atomique en contact et contact intermittent à l'étude des polymères : contraste mécanique à l'échelle du nanomètre." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10654.
Full textNeal, Diana Odland. "The physiological effects of a nursing intervention of intermittent human tactile contact on preterm infants." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276799.
Full textMajcherczak, Didier Naït-Abdelaziz Moussa Dufrénoy Philippe. "Étude thermique d'un contact glissant." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://www.univ-lille1.fr/bustl-grisemine/pdf/extheses/50376-2003-169-170.pdf.
Full textClotet-Fons, Xavier. "Imbibition in a model open fracture - Capillary rise, kinetic roughening and intermittent avalanche dynamics." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01068638.
Full textVecchiola, Aymeric. "Développement d’une imagerie de résistance électrique locale par AFM à pointe conductrice en mode contact intermittent." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112058/document.
Full textThe atomic force microscope (AFM) allows to characterize with excellent spatial resolution samples of different types of surfaces and can be implemented in various environments. This versatility has encouraged the development of a large number of derivative technics, intended to investigate various local physical properties. The LGEP thus achieved a module, the Résiscope, capable of measuring the local electrical resistance on the surface of a sample polarized continuously, on a range of 11 decades. Developed in contact mode, where the tip continuously exerts a force on the sample, this technic works well on hard materials, but finds its limits on soft or fragile samples since under certain conditions, the tip can alter the surface. For such samples, an intermittent contact mode, in which the tip comes at regular intervals touch very briefly the surface, is more appropriate, but complicates the achievement of electrical measurements. The aim of this thesis was to overcome this difficulty by changing the Résiscope to be able to join the "Pulsed Force Mode", intermittent mode where the tip oscillates at a frequency of 100Hz to 2000Hz. Different hardware and software changes have been made to permit the detailed temporal monitoring of the electrical resistance signal to each make / break contact (necessary to review the phenomena related to intermittency), as well as to be able to work in acceptable scan speeds. For imaging, the best contrasts were obtained through an electronic timing and treatment taking into account the electrical resistance values at specific times.To test this new system, we have initially compared resistance and deflection curves we get by this mode with those considered classically in the force-distance curves mode. We then investigated the influence of main parameters (frequency and amplitude of oscillation, setpoint, coating of the tips, etc.) on the topographical and electrical measurements, using the HOPG as reference material. These tests resulted to highlight a nearly systematic delay of the electrical signal relative to the deflection signal (other than the Resiscope measure time), which we were not able to elucidate the origin. Once these knowledge acquired, we studied two types of organic samples, one in academic nature - Self-Assembled Monolayers of alkanethiols (SAMs), the other more applicative purpose – formed of thin layers of an interpenetrating network of two components (P3HT:PCBM) for photovoltaic cells. In both cases we have shown the relevance of the Resiscope tool in intermittent mode to obtain qualitative and quantitative information. In addition to these work on fragile materials, we conducted an annex study on a phenomenon of growth material of insulating nature found in special conditions on various hard materials, which has been interpreted as the friction polymer formation as a result of repeatedly nano-sliding associated with the deflection of the cantilever. These investigations were conducted under a CIFRE agreement with the Concept Scientific Instruments company, backed by the ANR MELAMIN» (P2N 2011) project
Brunet, Léna Casamatta Gilbert Prat Laurent. "Conception d'un nouveau type de colonne pulsée appliquée au contact solide-liquide." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2005. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000190.
Full textSahli, Riad. "Mise en glissement des interfaces multicontacts élastomères : étude expérimentale par visualisation in situ." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEC012/document.
Full textThe onset of sliding of a contact interface is a phenomenon the space-time dynamics of which are still poorly understood. In this thesis, we have developed and implemented an original experimental device allowing us to visualize in situ the local phenomena involved during the onset of sliding of rough elastomer interfaces, with a good temporal resolution. We have shown a strong reduction of the real contact area within a sheared contact interface, well before the beginning of macroscopic sliding. This reduction affects the value of the static friction force of the interface. We have shown that the parameter that quantifies the amplitude of the reduction obeys a well-defined scaling law ranging from millimetric mono-contacts to the micrometric junctions involved in rough interfaces. We have then shown that the shear strength of an interface is not a constant for a couple of materials in contact. Indeed, by systematically changing the thickness of an elastic coating on one of the bodies in contact, we could vary the value of the shear strength by a factor three. This effect is interpreted semi-quantitatively via a model incorporating dissipation both at the interface and in the bulk of the materials. We have finally shown that the space-time dynamics of the onset of sliding is influenced by the torque applied to the interface by the friction force, when the latter is not exerted in the plane of the interface. In particular, via a digital image correlation-based measurement, we performed the first quantitative comparison with a recent model describing this torque effect
Seppecher, Pierre. "Etude d'une modélisation des zônes capillaires fluides interfaces et lignes de contact /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37609884m.
Full textSeppecher, Pierre. "Etude d'une modelisation des zones capillaires fluides : interfaces et lignes de contact." Phd thesis, Paris 6, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00522117.
Full textUsman, Irham Tri Muharram. "Investigating inhomogeneous FM at SC/FM interfaces using point-contact Andreev spectroscopy." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/12254.
Full textDang, Viet Hung. "Dynamique des interfaces multicontact." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00851722.
Full textCohen, Celine. "Mécanismes moléculaires de la friction aux interfaces polymères souples." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00669535.
Full textLee, Ji Hyung. "In-situ Analysis of the Evolution of Surfaces and Interfaces under Applied Coupled Stresses." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707308/.
Full textReina, Saverio. "A study of layered contact problems with particular application to tyre-wheel interfaces." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/5874.
Full textPhun, Xuan Lan. "Intermittent transport processes on surfaces." Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE2034/document.
Full textHow do proteins find their way towards the rare places on DNA molecules where they need to go in order to perpetuate the life process ? Many recent works tend to show that only an intermittent dynamics, that is a dynamics with two or more regimes, allows this process. The main goal of this PhD is a rigorous study of a simplified model of intermittent dynamics. In this model the molecule alternates diffusion in the bulk with a different kind of diffusion on the surface until it reaches its target consisting in a small window on the surface. The time spent by the molecule on the surface is naturally modeled as following an exponential law with parameter λ. The main result of this thesis is to show that, whatever the parameters are, a pure bulk strategy is never optimal, thus reinforcing the hypothesis of intermittent dynamics. One also characterizes the case where the optimal timed is attained for λ > 0. The new mathematical tool is the introduction of a self-adjoint operator and the use of its orthonormal basis of eigenvectors. This tool allows to obtain a precise asymptotic behavior of the mean exit time for λ large. Besides that a new geometrical model is developed, called the torus model. This new model carries a new parameter, namely its modulus. It is shown in this thesis that for some values of the modulus the optimized exit time is significantly (allowing experimental checking for instance) shorter than the pure bulk search
Brunet, Léna. "Conception d'un nouveau type de colonne pulsée appliquée au contact solide-liquide." Toulouse, INPT, 2005. https://hal.science/tel-04582776.
Full textThis work deals with a novel type of pulsed column used as a solid/liquid contactor. An evolution in the design of the internals and in the shape of the pulsation has been set up. The initial objectives were to achieve a contactor of much longer solid residence time, independently of the liquid phase behaviour. Phase contacting is carried out countercurrently, solid is fed in at the bottom of the column and flows upwardly, regardless of the density difference between both phases. First, the technical feasibility was demonstrated. Then, the behaviour of solid and liquid phases was investigated through the analysis of residence times distributions. And, mass transfer efficiency has been evaluated with an industrial case. It was found that the column could enhance solid residence times, reduce granulometric segregation and solvent consumption. The new contactor seems to be particularly suitable for cases where a long contact between both phases is needed. Thanks to innovative internals and to an optimal tuning of the operating conditions, intensification of solid/liquid contacting was finally achieved
Leclère, Karine. "Etude expérimentale de la vaporisation d'un jet de goutelettes au contact d'un milieu gaz-solide fluidisé." Compiègne, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002COMP1402.
Full textFrekers, Yona Henrik [Verfasser], Reinhold [Akademischer Betreuer] Kneer, and Roland [Akademischer Betreuer] Herzog. "Investigations of thermal boundary conditions at contact interfaces / Yona Henrik Frekers ; Reinhold Kneer, Roland Herzog." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1194066747/34.
Full textHatipogullari, Metin. "Modelling of contact lines on heterogeneous substrates :stick-slip and contact angle hysteresis." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/304847/5/contratMH.pdf.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Emonot, Jérôme. "Contribution à l'étude du contact dynamique entre une nappe de liquide et un substrat solide." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10232.
Full textLalechos, Antonios V. "Evaluation of X-ray CT tomography as a means for investigating in-situ electrical contact interfaces." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536365.
Full textKhelifi, Wissem. "Développement de polymères semi-conducteurs absorbant dans le proche infra-rouge pour des interfaces sans contact." Thesis, Pau, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PAUU3001.
Full textThis thesis work focuses on the development of conjugated polymeric materials which absorb in the near infrared. It is the result of the TAPIR project funded by the ANR in which we aim to develop human-machine interface (HMI) devices for applications in the health sector, in order to limit the spread of pathogens. Since HMIs are controlled by hand, without contact, thanks to the reflectivity of the skin (spectral range 850-950 nm), it is necessary to develop materials which ansorb in this range. In this project, our role was to synthesize the active part of the infrared photodetector used to retrieve the information. A bibliographical study and preliminary calculations have allowed a judicious selection of different monomers to ensure intrinsic stability and obtain the required absorption properties. Different donor monomers (D) and acceptors (A) were combined to synthesize alternating copolymers of types (D-A). Two families of copolymers which absorb in the near infrared have been synthesized. All copolymers have been synthesized via Stille polycondensation. Their optical, electronic and thermal properties have been studied. Subsequently, after confirming the predominant role of the strength of the accepting monomer, compared to that of the donor, on the absorption properties and electronic levels of the various copolymers obtained, we developed an original approach that has been reported very rarely in the literature. It consists of the production of copolymers of the type (A-A). Thus, we have synthesized six copolymers which absorb in the desired wavelength range, and even beyond. Finally, some copolymers have been characterized as OFET devices and photodetectors
Sun, Zhuting. "Electron Transport in High Aspect Ratio Semiconductor Nanowires and Metal-Semiconductor Interfaces." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1479821421998919.
Full textNeagoe, Marian-Bogdan. "Modélisation expérimentale de phénomènes électrostatiques et tribologiques aux interfaces solide/solide." Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT2294/document.
Full textThe approach undertaken in this thesis is to explore the possibility of using the electrostatic charge to improve the dry or lubricated (two oils with different viscosity and distilled water) sliding contacts between polymeric materials (PP, PE, PS, and ABS, two types of PVC). Three experimental benches were designed and built. The first installation is a linear tribometer designed to study the sliding contacts between solids with dry or lubricated friction. It allows the adjustment to four control variables of the tribocharging process: normal force, sliding speed, time and stroke, and the measurement of three characteristics of the friction regime: the tangential force, the variation of the normal force and the relative displacement between the specimens. The second installation is a device for measuring the distribution of the surface electrical charge, and for correlating it with the temperature mappings. A third installation is designed to study the influence of the electric charge on the contact angle of droplets deposited on the surface. The experiments showed that the level of the charge generated by dry friction depends on the friction time, the wear, the contact pressure and the roughness. A charge generated by friction or by corona discharge can increase dry friction. On the other hand, the presence of electric charge on the surface of polymers can improve a lubricated contact. The contact angle measurements pointed out the influence of the nature of both solid and liquid materials involved in the contact, as well as of the electric charge of the samples
Bauzin, Gabriel. "Identification expérimentale des paramètres thermiques dans le contact entre deux solides en frottement sec." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100142.
Full textThermal contact between two solids in dry friction is modeled by 2 equations which introduce 3 parameters: thermal contact resistance, local heat partition coefficient and frictional heat flux. The aim of this work is to validate these equations and to estimate the parameter values. The experimental study is performed by using two hollow cylinders in axial contact, one being static and the other rotating. Temperatures are measured by thermocouple located at different height of cylinders. An estimation methodology is developed in order to determine the 3 parameter values using these measurements. A thoroughly sensitivity analysis is performed in order to warrant the experimental results and to give an interval of confidence for the obtained values. The thermal contact model is valid and the parameters estimation is feasible. Some results are determined for different materials and velocities
Singh, Akash. "An intelligent user interface model for contact centre operations." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011399.
Full textBey, Romain. "Etude par modélisation moléculaire de la thermodynamique des interfaces et des lignes de contact en milieu confiné." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY081/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we use molecular simulation tools to characterize the thermodynamic properties of fluids confined in nanometric solids. While at the macroscopic scale, the free energy of fluids in contact with a solid is described by pressures and surface tensions, respectively free energies per unit volume and per unit area, at the molecular scale, additional parameters are needed. One of them is the free energy per unit length of the triple line, the line tension. Its values and the methodologies used to measure it are controversial.The thermodynamics of interfaces and lines can be theoretically studied with molecular simulation tools. To extract the surface and line tensions from a simulated molecular trajectory, various statistical methodologies are available. In particular, we here use the mechanical methodology, which consists in measuring the stresses related to the quasistatic spreading of a fluid on a solid.In the first part, we study the microscopic expression of wetting stresses at a planar solid-fuid interface. When a laterally homogeneous solid is considered, the virial theorem applied to an infinite fluid film without consideration of the limit between wet and dry surfaces provides the forces related to the film extension on a dry solid. In the case of a laterally heterogeneous solid, this methodology neglects forces that are concentrated at the triple line. By comparing the surface tensions measured with different methodologies, we show that the neglected terms may induce important errors in the case of rough surfaces.In the second part, we focus on laterally homogeneous solids. We develop a methodology to measure the free energy and the line tension of a confined fluid-fluid interface using fluid mechanical stresses. We simulate Van der Waals fluids and water in liquid-vapor equilibrium confined in different solids. The concept of line tension appears robust down to confinements of a few molecular diameters, and its value consistent with various theoretical approaches, thus solving paradoxical results from the literature.In the last part, we apply the mechanical methodology to study the equilibrium of two fluid species in confinement, one liquid and the other gaseous. We simulate Van der Waals solvents and solutes, and water with carbon dioxide. Various adsorptions at the surfaces and the triple line are observed, strongly impacting the free energy of the confined liquid-gas interface. Finally the adsorption-induced variation of the line tension can be modelled by a unidimensional equivalent of the Gibbs isotherm
Courbon, Cédric. "Vers une modélisation physique de la coupe des aciers spéciaux : intégration du comportement métallurgique et des phénomènes tribologiques et thermiques aux interfaces." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00713527.
Full textAdamy, Mark T. "An investigation of sliding electrical contact in rail guns and the development of grooved-rail liquid-metal interfaces." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401370.
Full textThesis Advisor(s): Maier, II, William B. "December 2001." Includes bibliographical references (p. 25-29). Also available online.
Yang, Been-Der. "Contact kinematics of friction interfaces and applications to the prediction of resonant response of frictionally constrained turbine blades /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487942739804721.
Full textBhattarai, Bishal. "Wetting properties of structured interfaces composed of surface-attached spherical nanoparticles." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1544817024854422.
Full textNikolayev, Vadim. "Dynamique de systèmes physiques aux transitions de phase et interfaces libres." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011286.
Full textZhang, Zhiming. "Modélisation mécanique des interfaces multi-contacts dans une pile à combustible." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EVRY0035/document.
Full textThe fuel cell transforms chemical energy to electrical power sources through a stack of different planar structures. Mechanical phenomena presented on the multi-contact interface acts more or less the fuel cell's performance and lifetime. We have shown that the pre-load by stacking bolts, the deformation of the gas diffusion layer (GDL), the contact and the configuration of the bipolar plate (BPP) had influences on the contact resistance, the porosity and the permeability of the fuel cell. The contact resistance is determined by the contact area and contact pressure. The porosity and permeability are related to the interfacial deformation. The contact between the different structures has a major role in the fuel cell operation. This problem is solved by the finite element method. Various parameters of the fuel cell as the pre-load, the geometric structure of teeth of BPP as well as the porosity of the GDL were studied and allowed to know the contact behavior and the deformation. The influence of some parameters on the mechanical results of fuel cell stack was then tackled. The purpose of this study is to provide optimum values of these parameters to obtain the best performance of fuel cells
Tumakha, Serhii. "Investigation of 4H and 6H-SIC thin films and schottky diodes using depth-dependent cathodoluminescence spectroscopy." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1138202968.
Full textSaid, Imen. "Comportement des interfaces et modélisation des pieux sous charge axiale." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002359.
Full textSolar, Mathieu. "Simulations numériques de dynamique moléculaire du contact normal et tangentiel sur surfaces de polymères amorphes linéaires : vers une meilleure compréhension de la physique locale du contact." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/SOLAR_Mathieu_2010.pdf.
Full textThe improvement of polymer behavior requires a better understanding of the local physics of their contact mechanics. Continuum Mechanics (CM) approach is nevertheless limited when the local physics contributes to the global behaviour, because the matter is seen as a continuous medium. The Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations are more relevant in such a situation because they consider molecular details and use a statistic thermodynamic formulation. In this work, MD simulations of nano-indentation and nano-scratch tests are studied on linear amorphous polymer surfaces. The tested volume elements are close to the Representative Volume Element of the model of linear amorphous polymer. First, results of MD simulations exhibit good correlations with experimental indentation data, and a study of local friction during scratch tests propose some origins to local friction. Then, an analysis of bond orientation in polymer chains display the existence of a small sheared layer under the tip, during indentation and scratch. The thickness of this small sheared layer depends on the interaction between the tip and the polymer film, on the roughness of the tip, and on the cristallographic pattern of the tip. At last, we sketch out an original link between DM and CM by investigating one-dimensional mechanical behavior of the numerical model of polymer. Finally, our results on local microstructural changes in the polymer (during indentation and scratch) are a first step for a better comprehension of local physics of contact mechanics on polymer surfaces
Rauchecker, Maximilian [Verfasser], Harald [Akademischer Betreuer] Garcke, Mathias [Akademischer Betreuer] Wilke, and Gieri [Akademischer Betreuer] Simonett. "Evolution of interfaces in two-phase problems with ninety degree contact angle / Maximilian Rauchecker ; Harald Garcke, Mathias Wilke, Gieri Simonett." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1201160642/34.
Full textGermain, Christophe. "Caractérisation superficielle d'encres et de polymères dans le but de prévoir leur adhérence." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10270.
Full textPereira, Edla Moraes de Abreu. "Interações entre bicamadas lipídicas e interfaces hidrofóbicas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-11082008-150528/.
Full textDeterminations of surface tension (γ) at the air--water interface, contact angles (Θ), and in and ex-situ ellipsometric mean thickness (d) were used to study the interaction between dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB) small vesicles and spin-coated polystyrene sulfate (PSS) films on silicon wafers. Upon the adition of NaCl (50 mM final concentration) to a 0.2 mM DODAB dispersion, adsorption from vesicles on PSS films immediatly yielded a DODAB layer 6.0 nm thick which remained stable as a function of time. However, in water, in situ DODAB adsorption monotonically increased reaching at most 1.6--1.8 nm as a function of time (from 15 mm of interaction), which were not values consistent with bilayer deposition. At early stages in pure water, DODAB adsorption linearly increased with the square root of time, indicating a vesicle difision controlled process with ca. 1.0 x 10-11 m2s-1 as the vesicle diffusion coeficient (D) in nice agreement with reported D for similar vesicles. In contrast, adding 50 mM salt, resulted in a very fast adsorption kinetics determined by the hydrophobic atraction between salt-induced defects on lhe bilayer and the film surface. Ex situ measurements of DODAB, DHP e PC adsorption were difficult because wetting/drying cycles of the polimeric fiIms increased its mean thickness. From 0.1 up to 1.0 mM DODAB, the adsorbed film in air was more hydrophobic (advancing contact angle, ΘA = 84 ± 3°) than the bare PSS film (ΘA = 71 ± 4°). No effect of DHP film on the wettability of PSA film could be observed, just a increase of rougness revealed by the change of ΔΘ from2° to 11°( table 3). Pure PSA films are hydrophobic, as revealed by the mean advancing angle ΘA = 86 ± 5°. After interaction with PC, the surfaces turn less hydrophobic with a mean ΘA = 75 ± 3°. Air-water surface tension for a DODAB dispersion in pure water rapidly decreased upon salt addition (7-50 mM NaCI), suggesting salt-induced vesicle fusion wilh the air--water interface occurred, in nice agreement with saIt-induced vesicle fusion at the hydrophobic polymer-water surface.The investigation of the interaction between DODA salts and polymeric particles from diameter and zeta- potential measurements, allowed us to detect bilayer deposition optimized by salt adition in low concentration(0.05-5.0 mM NaCl).