Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Interdisciplinary'
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1
Busby, Lisa. "All our Interdisciplinary Futures : Encountering, creating and Evaluating Popular Music ana Arts Interdisciplinarity." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520919.
2
Holt, Jim. "Interdisciplinary Geriatrics Training." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6453.
3
Ivey, Carole. "Interdisciplinary Teamwork Pedagogy." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2381.
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to describe the interdisciplinary teamwork pedagogy of the Leadership Education in Neurodevelopmental and Related Disabilities (LEND) training programs, specifically the content focus, instructional methods, and assessment practices. LEND programs are a national network providing long-term, graduate interdisciplinary training through federal funds from the Health Resources and Services Administration's Maternal Child Health Bureau. This study used a mixed method approach to describe the interdisciplinary teamwork pedagogy of LEND training programs. The study occurred in three stages: 1) a survey of LEND training directors, 2) a survey of LEND interdisciplinary teamwork instructors, and 3) document review of the national LEND website and LEND program websites. Data were analyzed using statistical and qualitative methods and interpreted through the use of professional competencies, the How People Learn framework, and research literature. This study provides for an understanding of interdisciplinary teamwork within one national program in order to inform efforts for training, practice, and research.
4
Xiao, Fang. "Interdisciplinarity among Academic Scientists: Individual and Organizational Factors." Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/pmap_diss/50.
Abstract:
Drawing on a wide variety of social science theories, this study investigates the effects of tenure system, university climate for interdisciplinary research (IDR), gender, and industry experience on academic scientists’ engagement in IDR in different disciplines. Using survey and bibliometric data, two dependent variables are generated to measure production aspects of IDR: the self-reported percentage of IDR papers which is from researchers’ own estimate of their IDR papers responding to one survey question, and the calculated percentage of IDR papers which is a combination of two bibliometric indicators of scientists’ borrowing and boundary crossing activities. Results find that our conventional wisdom about the effects of some individual and organizational factors on scientists’ propensity to engage in IDR is outdated, and their effects depend on the disciplinary contexts. These findings suggest science policy makers, funding agencies and university administrators to keep fresh and informed about scientists’ research activities and underlying context and take full into account of distinct characteristics of different disciplines when they make or reform policies to encourage IDR work.
5
Villemain, Olivier. "Nouvelles applications des ultrasons en cardiologie : quantifier la rigidité des structures cardiaques et la modifier." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB056/document.
Abstract:
Cette thèse avait pour but d’élargir le champ d’application des ultrasons en cardiologie, dans le domaine de l’imagerie et dans le domaine de la thérapie. Concernant l’imagerie, ce sont les capacités, les atouts et les limites des ultrasons à hautes cadences d’image (ultrafast echo) qui ont été explorés. Dans un premier temps, nous avons montré la possibilité et l’intérêt d’estimer la rigidité du myocarde par ultrason en pratique clinique, chez l’enfant et chez l’adulte. La technique de l’élastographie par onde de cisaillement, utilisant une nouvelle approche de l’imagerie par sommation cohérente harmonique ultrarapide (imagerie non-linéaire), a été appliquée pour la première fois chez l’humain en cardiologie. De plus, nous avons montré que la rigidité du foie, également estimée grâce à l’élastographie par onde de cisaillement, était directement corrélée aux pressions de remplissage du cœur droit, qui sont difficiles à évaluer de manière quantitative en pratique clinique. Dans un second temps, nous nous sommes intéressés à caractériser l’orientation des fibres myocardiques durant le cycle cardiaque en développant l’imagerie du tenseur de rétrodiffusion ultrasonore en trois dimensions. Le but était de réaliser la preuve de concept sur un cœur battant afin d’ouvrir sur les possibilités d’applications. Dans un troisième temps, le doppler de puissance en ultrafast echo nous a permis d’estimer les capacités des ultrasons à visualiser et analyser les flux (et donc les débits) intra coronariens. C’est à l’heure actuelle la seule technique d’imagerie clinique ayant une résolution spatiale (et temporelle) suffisante pour voir les flux dans des vaisseaux ayant un diamètre inférieur à 500 micromètres. Enfin, l’ultrafast echo nous a permis de visualiser les micro déplacements du myocarde, qui sont eux-mêmes initiés par l’activité électrique intra-myocardique, dans un intervalle de temps très réduit. Ceci est le couplage électromécanique, et y avoir accès par ultrason ouvrirait de multiples perspectives. Nous avons commencé à l’appliquer chez le fœtus humain et chez l’adulte en transthoracique. Concernant la thérapie, nous avons exclusivement utilisé les effets mécaniques des ultrasons focalisés à hautes intensités (phénomène de cavitation). Plusieurs équipes avaient déjà montré que cela était applicable en médecine cardiovasculaire, notamment pour perforer le septum inter-atrial (zone musculaire séparant les deux oreillettes cardiaques) ou pour détruire un thrombus intravasculaire. Nous avons décidé de montrer que le phénomène de cavitation peut avoir deux autres applications distinctes : 1) la section de cordage valvulaire mitral, qui est une technique utilisée actuellement en chirurgie (donc à cœur ouvert et en circulation extra-corporelle) visant à diminuer une fuite valvulaire à cause de cordage restrictif ; 2) l’assouplissement des feuillets valvulaires calcifiés, qui est une maladie représentant un enjeu de santé publique touchant des millions de personnes, et n’ayant à ce jour aucune stratégie non invasive disponible et applicable en pratique clinique. Pour ces deux applications, nous avons réalisé des preuves de concept in vitro puis in vivo à cœur battant, sur modèle animal (ovin). L’application humaine sera la prochaine étape. C’est donc la translation de nouvelles technologies ultrasonores vers des applications cliniques en cardiologie qui a motivé et guidé ce travail de thèseNo abstract
6
Abram, Anna. "Moral development : an interdisciplinary study." Thesis, Heythrop College (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248350.
7
Suprunova, Miliena, and Kseniia Kugai. "Interdisciplinary approach: semiotics and art." Thesis, Яроченко Я. В, 2021. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/19152.
Abstract:
The work is devoted to semiotics and art as two sciences guided by symbolism and signs. Semiotics studies symbols, signs and myths, which can explain works of art to ordinary viewers as well as creative people. Thus, artists can be guided in the creation of works of art to accurately convey their ideas and convey the feelings and imagery of their thinking. The interdisciplinarity of these sciences provides an opportunity to better communicate, exchange ideas and research the sciences.Робота присвячена семіотиці та мистецтву як двом наукам, що керуються символікою та знаками. Семіотика вивчає символи, знаки та міфи, що може пояснити мистецькі твори звичайним глядачам, а також творчим людям. Тим самим митці можуть керуватись при створенні художніх творів аби достатньо точно донести свій задум та передати почуття і образність свого мислення. Міждисциплінарність цих наук дає можливість краще комунікувати, обмінюватись думками та досліджувати науки.
8
Geller, Alan C., Nina G. Jablonski, Sherry L. Pagoto, Jennifer L. Hay, Joel Hillhouse, David B. Buller, W. Larry Kenney, et al. "Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Sun Safety." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2753.
Abstract:
Overexposure to the sun is associated with an increased risk of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer, but indications of improvements in sun protection behavior are poor. Attempts to identify emerging themes in skin cancer control have largely been driven by groups of experts from a single field. In December 2016, 19 experts from various disciplines convened for Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Skin Cancer, a 2-day meeting hosted by the National Academy of Sciences. The group discussed knowledge gaps, perspectives on sun exposure, implications for skin cancer risk and other health outcomes, and new directions. Five themes emerged from the discussion: (1) The definition of risk must be expanded, and categories for skin physiology must be refined to incorporate population diversities. (2) Risky sun exposure often co-occurs with other health-related behaviors. (3) Messages must be nuanced to target at-risk populations. (4) Persons at risk for tanning disorder must be recognized and treated. (5) Sun safety interventions must be scalable. Efficient use of technologies will be required to sharpen messages to specific populations and to integrate them within multilevel interventions. Further interdisciplinary research should address these emerging themes to build effective and sustainable approaches to large-scale behavior change.
9
Chiappinelli, Olga. "Interdisciplinary essays on public procurement." Thesis, IMT Alti Studi Lucca, 2015. http://e-theses.imtlucca.it/167/1/thesis_CHIAPPINELLI.pdf.
Abstract:
Accounting for about 15-20% of GDP in developed economies,
public procurement is both a paramount economic phenomenon
and a leading activity of governments. Sound procurement
policies and practices are therefore essential not only to achieve
best value for money when purchasing goods and services of
public utility, but also to pursue strategic objectives of crucial
importance (e.g., sustainable growth and innovation) and to
optimize spending in an era where public money has a high
opportunity cost.
This dissertation contributes to the research on public procurement
by providing original investigations and results in
an interdisciplinary fashion. The three essays presented adopt
different methodologies to analyze relevant issues in public
procurement which have been so far neglected by the literature.
The first essay provides an auction-theoretical analysis of “Precommercial
Procurement” (PCP), which is an innovative stepwise
practice recently introduced in the EU for the public procurement
of R&D. In particular, PCP is modeled as a multistage
elimination contest with budget-constrained players and
non-sunk bids. The non-sunk feature constitutes a novelty
in the modelization of elimination contests and relies on the
consideration that when budget-constrained contestants initially
strategize on how much to bid in each stage, they do not
regard bids spent in earlier stages as strategically irrelevant.
This is due to the fact that contestants face a trade-off when
allocating scarce resources over stages: the more they spend
earlier the less they have to spend later, and vice versa. In a
simple two-stage all-pay framework with complete information and asymmetric players, it is found that, notwithstanding
the trade-off, the ex-ante strongest player is always able
to deter other players from submitting a positive bid in the
first stage, guaranteeing herself shortlisting with the smallest
outlay, and saving most resources for the second stage.
This is shown to imply that the two-stage all-pay contest has
a lower performance, in terms of expected revenue, than the
single-stage one. On the basis of these results, PCP does not
seem to be a very advantageous practice for the procurement
of R&D.
The second essay provides a contract-theoretical framework
to explain the occurrence of embezzlement of public money
in the execution of public contracts. It is argued that at the
core of the phenomenon is an agency problem where the room
for the contracting firm’s moral hazard is created by the opportunism
of its principal - a corruptible top-tier politician.
It is considered that often corruption interests the execution
stage of a contract (rather than only the award stage) and has
a political nature (rather than only bureaucratic): top-level
politicians may as well have to gain from large-scale corruption.
In particular, the model allows for the political principal
to be partially selfish and for both the auditing technology
and the stakes of corruption to be endogenous and dependent
on the selfishness of the politician. The model shows
that while a moderately opportunist politician prevents the
firm from embezzling money, an enough opportunist politician
creates an incentive for embezzlement in optimal contracts,
in order to ask for a share of the money conditional
upon detection.
The third essay investigates empirically the relationship between
the degree of centralization in a procurement system
and its performance. Despite its centrality, this issue has been
only marginally considered by the literature, and without conclusive
findings. The essay exploits the TED dataset to provide a preliminary investigation of the issue for Italy. The
Italian case is appropriate in this context since all levels of
government plus a number of other public institutions are involved
in procurement, and are largely subjected to the same
rules. Using winning rebate as a measure of procurement
performance, and controlling for other determinants of rebate,
it is found that small decentralized units (i.e., municipalities
and public enterprises) are less efficient than (more)
central purchasers, despite they currently award most procurement
contracts. It is argued that at the basis of this performance
gap is the fact that small decentralized purchasing
units lack the specialized and competent human resources
which are needed to efficiently administrate the procurement
process. It is therefore concluded that the Italian procurement
system is probably too much decentralized and that some reorganization
on a more centralized basis could improve on
the general performance gap.
10
Cosette, Jérémie. "Design and optimization of small animal non-invasive imaging approaches for evaluating the effects of innovative treatments of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphomas." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05T069/document.
Abstract:
Pas de résumé en françaisPrimary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL) are very aggressive malignancies with poor survival rate even with treatments (survival median is 44 months). This disease affects immune cells (lymphocytes) and forms diffuse and non-surgically removable tumor in the central nervous system. High-dose chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the common treatments with severe side effects. New therapeutic approaches are required for increasing treatment efficiency. We focused on primary intraocular lymphomas (PIOL) and primary cerebral lymphomas (PCL), which are subtypes of PCNSL. PIOL and PCL cells have a high propensity to migrate and form metastases in the brain and in the controlateral eye in the case of PIOL, and in the eye in the PCL case. However, metastatic dissemation mechanisms remain unclear. The objective of the present work was to study the effects of innovative treatments of B-cell lymphoma on primary tumor, on metastases, and on circulating tumor cells in PIOL and PCL immunocompetent syngeneic murine models of lymphomas using non-invasive in vivo imaging methods. We studied the effects of Ublituximab, a glycoengineered anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb), and CpG-ODN, a TLR-9 agonist, in mouse models. We showed that Ublituximab exhibits significant anti-tumor effect in PIOL and PCL, while CpG showed significant anti-tumor effect in PCL. We monitored the tumor burden and metastases using innovating non-invasive optical imaging or cell detection methods: bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and in vivo flow cytometer (IVFC). BLI was used to locate metastasis and to quantify tumor burden. We indeed developed a bioluminescence-based tumor burden quantification method that reduces user-dependence, allows comparisons between experiments, reveals statistical relevance, and which is easy to use. An IVFC device was set up to investigate the role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in PIOL and PCL. This fluorescence-based technique allows detection of CTCs by analyzing the cells flowing in blood vessels. However we had to overcome the problem of autofluorescence and tissue absorption. Two approaches were studied in parallel: a elaborating new cell line expressing far red fluorescent proteins, modulating the excitation light of an IVFC device to give the cell a unique signature therefore enhancing sensitivity, increasing signal to noise ratio. The modulated excitation IVFC allowed us to calculate the velocity of cells, and infer their position in blood vessel phantoms. The analysis of treatment effects on tumor burden, metastases and CTCs in PIOL and PCL could help understanding lymphoma metastatic dissemination and contribute to treatment follow-up, thus allowing design of new therapeutic approaches with increased efficacy
11
Correia, Sofia Oliveira de Barros. "A interdisciplinaridade como princípio norteador da pesquisa em ciências ambientais." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2015. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4208.
Abstract:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESThis research aimed to analyze the use and / or the employ of the word interdisciplinarity carried out by graduate students of the Graduate Program in Development and Environment of the Federal University of Sergipe in the last 12 years ( 2003-2014 ) . The study focus on the analysis of theoretical elements, methodological and / or paradigm corresponding to the interdisciplinarity notion present in dissertations. Two hundred and forty-nine dissertations were analyzed. It adopted the discursive approach Pêcheux, French Discourse Analysis (ADF), for the analysis and processing of information . The interaction in the research took place from participating actively, in the sense that the author is located in socio- historical reality studied. The main results of the research explain that interdisciplinarity is taken consensually as a guiding principle; this approach is presented in the interdisciplinary training of research, course design, the interaction in the classroom, in management meetings and field work carried out by coordination, staff, teachers and students. However, in dissertations, employ and / or the use of the term interdisciplinarity shows five major characteristics: a) there are differences in the concept of the management of research (confusion content); b) is predominant theoretical dimension of interdisciplinarity (cognitive consensus); c) there is no specific methodological design to interdisciplinarity (pragmatic nullity); d) there is adoption of sustainability as a matrix, reference and / or index the interdisciplinary analysis (instrumental inversion); e) elects to interdisciplinarity as a criterion for measuring learning. We conclude that the use and / or the employ of interdisciplinarity are restricted to the theoretical dimension and are associated with the evaluation process of academic education. This reduction obscures the identification of methodological aspects, suitable to characterize and justify the relevance of interdisciplinarity in carrying out the dissertations analyzed.
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o uso e/ou emprego da palavra interdisciplinaridade realizado pelos estudantes de mestrado do Programa de Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente da Universidade Federal de Sergipe nos últimos 12 anos (2003-2014). O estudo concentra-se na análise de elementos teóricos, metodológicos e/ou paradigmáticos correspondentes à noção de interdisciplinaridade presente em dissertações. Duzentas e quarenta e nove dissertações foram analisadas. Adotou-se a abordagem discursiva de Pêcheux, Análise do Discurso Francesa (ADF), para a análise e tratamento das informações. A interação na pesquisa ocorreu de modo participante-ativo, no sentido de que a autora situa-se na realidade sócio-histórica estudada. Os principais resultados da pesquisa explicitam que a interdisciplinaridade é assumida consensualmente como um princípio norteador, esta postura se apresenta na formação interdisciplinar de pesquisa, no projeto de curso, nas interações em sala de aula, nas reuniões de gestão e no trabalho de campo efetuados por coordenação, funcionários, professores e alunos. No entanto, nas dissertações produzidas, o emprego e/ou uso do termo interdisciplinaridade demonstra cinco características principais: a) existem divergências no manejo do conceito entre as pesquisas (confusão de conteúdo); b) é predominante a dimensão teórica da interdisciplinaridade (consenso cognitivo); c) não existe delineamento metodológico específico à interdisciplinaridade (nulidade pragmática); d) existe adoção da sustentabilidade como matriz, referência e/ou índice à análise interdisciplinar (inversão instrumental); e) elege-se a interdisciplinaridade como um critério de mensuração da aprendizagem. Conclui-se que o emprego e/ou uso da interdisciplinaridade se encontram restritos à dimensão teórica e associados ao processo avaliativo da formação acadêmica. Tal redução obscurece a identificação de aspectos metodológicos, adequados para caracterizar e justificar a relevância da interdisciplinaridade na realização das pesquisas analisadas.
12
Costa, Daniel de Carvalho. "A atitude interdisciplinar docente e o desenvolvimento humano : foco no ensino médio de uma escola pública." Universidade de Taubaté, 2014. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=645.
Abstract:
Este estudo pretendeu investigar a existência das manifestações da atitude interdisciplinar entre os docentes e suas relações com o desenvolvimento humano no espaço escolar do Ensino Médio. Ele se justificou ao clarificar os conceitos básicos que sustentavam a pesquisa e que se apresentavam como precípuos em nossos dias interdisciplinaridade e desenvolvimento humano , articulando-os de modo a mostrar que a atitude interdisciplinar, quando vivida pelo docente, proporciona transformações positivas para o próprio professor e para os que o cercam. Fundamentaram essa investigação a teoria bioecológica do desenvolvimento humano, idealizada por Urie Bronfenbrenner, e a interdisciplinaridade fenomenológica, cuja representante maior é Ivani Fazenda. A partir da perspectiva de ambos, iniciou-se o diálogo com outros autores na construção da base teórica. Para oferecer concretude a esses pensamentos, utilizou-se a pesquisa qualitativa e como instrumento metodológico a Inserção Ecológica. Sua ligação com os ideais teóricos a colocou como escolha clara, visto que vislumbra os ambientes que influem na pessoa tal como solicita a teoria bioecológica, além de valorizar a subjetividade dos participantes e do pesquisador como quer a interdisciplinaridade. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os professores que responderam à pesquisa apresentaram uma ideia parcial sobre a interdisciplinaridade, sem apresentar qualquer referência às suas diferentes perspectivas e princípios e sem qualquer efetivação prática. Contudo, algumas atitudes pautadas no dialogo, no respeito, na alteridade, superaram essa defasagem teórica, manifestando-se como interdisciplinares e tais atitudes, a partir do momento em que resgatam, atualizam e potencializam a identidade e os valores da pessoa e os coloca como elemento precípuo da relação recíproca com os outros e com o ambiente, apresentam-se como propulsoras do desenvolvimento humano.This study aimed at researching the existence of the interdisciplinary attitude manifestations between the teachers and their relations with human development in high school environment. It was justified by the basic concepts clarification that supported the research and that were presented as fundamental nowadays interdisciplinarity and human development , connecting them to show that if the teacher lives the interdisciplinary attitude, this generates positive transformations for himself/herself and for those who are surrounded him/ her. This investigation was based on bioecological theory of human development, thought by Urie Bronfenbrenner, and the phenomenological interdisciplinary, whose the main representative is Ivani Fazenda. From their perspective, the dialogue with other authors begins in the theoretical bases construction. Turning these concrete thoughts, it was used the qualitative research with Ecological Engagement as methodological instrument. Its link to the theoretical ideals places it as a clear choice, because it sees the environment which influences in the person as the bioecological theory asks, besides of value the participating and the researcher subjectivity as the interdisciplinarity wants. The results showed that the teachers who answered the research had a partial idea about interdisciplinarity, without presenting some reference of its different perspectives and principles and without some practice realization. Nevertheless, some attitudes guided by dialogue, respect and othernesse overcame these theoretical differences, appearing as interdisciplinaries. These attitudes, from the moment that they recover, update and potentiate persons identity and values and put them as preciput element of the mutual relation with the others and with the environment, show as generated of human development.
13
Sokolova, Tatyana. "Achieving integration in interdisciplinary research: Strategy or emergence? A case study of interdisciplinary research in Sweden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-192956.
Abstract:
The purpose of the study is to analyse an interdisciplinary research (IDR) project in order to identify whatconstitutes a strategy of integration of disciplinary insights. Through interviews, observations andanalysis of scientific articles produced by the researchers, the study explores the processes of IDR andrelates them to psychological and sociological theories of group research. The results show thatresearchers employ an emergent strategy which they design ad hoc, and which consists of certain patternsof behaviour that allow them to navigate conflict and partially integrate their insights into the problem.The study offers a number of recommendations that might be useful to take into consideration whendesigning an IDR project.
14
Zarinelli, Elia. "Spin-glass models and interdisciplinary applications." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00683603.
Abstract:
Le sujet principal de cette thèse est la physique des verres de spin. Les verres de spin ont été introduits au début des années 70 pour décrire alliages magnétiques diluées. Ils ont désormais été considerés pour comprendre le comportement de liquides sousrefroidis. Parmis les systèmes qui peuvent être décrits par le langage des systèmes desordonnés, on trouve les problèmes d'optimisation combinatoire. Dans la première partie de cette thèse, nous considérons les modèles de verre de spin avec intéraction de Kac pour investiguer la phase de basse température des liquides sous-refroidis. Dans les chapitres qui suivent, nous montrons comment certaines caractéristiques des modèles de verre de spin peuvent être obtenues à partir de résultats de la théorie des matrices aléatoires en connection avec la statistique des valeurs extrêmes. Dans la dernière partie de la thèse, nous considérons la connexion entre la théorie desverres de spin et la science computationnelle, et présentons un nouvel algorithme qui peut être appliqué à certains problèmes dans le domaine des finances.
15
Cutts, Beth A. M. "Women and euthanasia, an interdisciplinary approach." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ39183.pdf.
16
Clark, Margaret Beckwith. "Interdisciplinary ministry collaboration, faith and health." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ55427.pdf.
17
McDonald, Diane. "Understanding emergence : a pragmatic interdisciplinary approach." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21953.
Abstract:
Emergence is a concept which has been the subject of resurgent interest in recent years. The term is often used to describe the appearance of new macro-level properties or capabilities, which are not manifest in the individual micro-level components. Equally, it is associated with irreducibility of explanation, novelty and downward causation. Despite a long history, during which the concept has been adopted by different disciplines, there is little agreement on the real nature of emergence. This, I claim, is due to different philosophical and disciplinary perspectives as well as some lack of conceptual clarity. The aim of this thesis is not to resolve the extremely hard problem of what emergence is; rather it is to provide clearer insight into the nature of emergence. The thesis is therefore conceptual and analytical in nature. The focus of the research is pragmatic investigation of the different perspectives, apparent disputes and real-world examples associated with emergence, in order to improve understanding of both the concept and instances of emergence. My thesis is that emergence is usefully conceptualised as fuzzy with three 'dimensions' - ontological, epistemological and complexity. This leads to the proposal of a typology of emergence which supports interdisciplinary discourse on the subject and a method of defining emergence in differing contexts. Both of these, it is argued, are vital to the development of shared meaning and the ability to engage in analytical discourse across the sphere of influence for emergence. The final proposal is a framework for investigation of real-world emergents which, while neutral to disciplinary or philosophical stances, enables exploration of the key of emergents. Together, the proposals provide a conceptual scaffold for understanding both the concept and instances of emergence. This claim is assessed through consideration of classical putative emergents and real learning communities.
18
Steele, John. "The interdisciplinary conceptual design of buildings." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2000. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6867.
Abstract:
The Interdisciplinary Conceptual Design of Buildings Design activity during the conceptual phase of building projects is dynamic, vibrant and as a result, chaotic in appearance. This problem is compounded by the fact that iterative, or cyclic, design progression is often criticised, with the concept of 'going round in circles' being one that is discouraged. However, designbis a learning activity and, owing to the complexity of contemporary building projects,it is often only by moving ahead to improve knowledge, before taking a step back to re-address a problem with improved understanding, that the design process can progress. Today's design professionals are being urged to undertake early design activity in a more programmable, and thus manageable fashion. As such, it is becoming increasingly apparent that designers have little, if any, shared understanding of what conceptual design actually involves, let alone a deeper knowledge of the structure of iterative progression. This can, and is, causing problems for the industry, as the lack of both common understanding and synchronisation in interdisciplinary thinking is resulting in design team fragmentation and adversarial relationships. By modelling design activity it is possible to simplify, and thus ease understanding of, its complexities. The development and trialling of a generic framework of design phases and activities has allowed a simple graphical means of recording and displaying patterns of design progression to be devised. The models produced have been used to study and analyse the patterns of iterative working, the output of which has enabled a clarification of conceptual design practice to be achieved. A web-based design system has been developed from the paper-based framework. This accords well with the richly iterative and often non-linear process which design typically follows and is intended to encourage creativity without imposing a rigid procedure. The tool offers alternative routes through conceptual design, and contains 'Team Thinking Tools' to help designers widen the solution space, set priorities and evaluate options. In addition, it promotes effective teamwork practices to help teams deal with social interactions. Also, at the user's option, the system can be used to capture, store and retrieve decisions made, and the reasoning behind them. This is of key importance in improving the performance of the industry as a whole, for it is only by understanding how the final product is influenced by early design activity, that the design process can be adapted to take account of these issues on future projects.
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Hultin, Alex. "Sustaining interdisciplinary research : a multilayer perspective." Thesis, University of Bath, 2018. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.767571.
Abstract:
Interdisciplinary Research (IDR) has received a lot of attention from academics, policy-makers, and decision-makers alike. RCUK invests £3 billion in research grants each year (RCUK 2017); half of the grants are provided to investigators who hail from different departments. There is mounting awareness of the challenges facing IDR, and a large body of literature trying to establish how IDR can be analysed (Davidson 2015, Yegros-Yegros, Rafols et al. 2015). Of these, the majority have been qualitative studies and it has been noticed that there is a distinct lack of quantitative studies that can be used to identify how to enable IDR. The literature shows that many of the barriers to IDR can be classified as either cultural or administrative (Katz and Martin 1997, Cummings and Kiesler 2005, Rafols 2007, Wagner, Roessner et al. 2011), neither of which are easily changed over a short period of time. The perspective taken in this research is that change can be affected by enabling the individuals who conduct IDR. Herein lies the main challenge; how can these future leaders of IDR be identified so that they can be properly supported. No existing datasets were deemed suitable for the purpose, and a new dataset was created to analyse IDR. To isolate dynamics within an organisation, hard boundaries were drawn around research-organisations. The University of Bath journal co-authorship dataset 2000-2017 was determined to be suitable for this purpose. From this dataset a co-authorship network was created. To analyse this, established models from literature were adapted and used to identify differences in disciplinary and interdisciplinary archetypes. This was done through a correlational study. No statistically significant differences between such author archetypes were found. It was therefore concluded that an alternative approach was necessary. By adapting the networks framework to account for different types of links between edges, a multilayer perspective was adopted. This resulted in a rank-3 tensor, node-aligned framework being proposed, allowing disciplines to be represented in the network. By using this framework to construct the University of Bath multiplex co-authorship network, an exemplar structure was established through use of a series of proposed structural metrics. A growth model was proposed and successfully recreated the structure and thereby uncovered mechanics affecting real-world multiplex networks. This highlighted the importance of node entities and the layer closeness centrality. This implies that it is very difficult to carry over benefits across disciplines, and that some disciplines are better suited to share and adapt knowledge than others. The growth model also allowed an analytical expression for the rate of change of disciplinary degree, thereby providing a model for who is most likely to enable and sustain IDR.
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Adelaar, Willem. "Andean Linguistics and the Interdisciplinary Challenge." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113437.
21
Rhoades, Michael Jewell. "Composing Holochoric Visual Music: Interdisciplinary Matrices." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102159.
Abstract:
With a lineage originating in the days of silent films, visual music, in its current incarnation, is a relatively recent phenomenon when compared to an historically broad field of creative expression. Today it is a time-based audio/visual territory explored and mined by a handful of visual and musical artists. However, an extensive examination of the literature indicates that few of these composers have delved into the associable areas of merging virtual holography and holophony toward visual music composition. It is posited here that such an approach is extremely rich with novel expressive potential and simultaneously with numerous novel challenges. The goal of this study is, through praxis, to instantiate and document an initial exploration into the implementation of holochory toward the creation of visual music compositions.
Obviously, engaging holochoric visual music as a means of artistic expression requires an interdisciplinary pipeline. Certainly, this is demonstrated in merging music and visual art into a cohesive form, which is the basis of visual music composition. However, in this study is revealed another form of interdisciplinarity. A major challenge resides with the development of the means to efficiently render the high-resolution stereoscopic images intrinsic to the animation of virtual holograms. Though rendering is a challenge consistent with creating digital animations in general, here the challenge is further exacerbated by the extensive use of multiple reflections and refractions to create complexity from relatively simple geometric objects. This reveals that, with the level of computational technology currently available, the implementation of high-performance computing is the optimal approach.
Unifying such diverse areas as music, visual art, and computer science toward a common artistic medium necessitates a methodological approach in which the interdependency between each facet is recognized and engaged. Ultimately, a quadrilateral reciprocative feedback loop, involving the composer's sensibilities in addition to each of the other facets of the compositional process, must be realized in order to facilitate a cohesive methodology leading toward viability.
This dissertation provides documentation of methodologies and ideologies undertaken in an initial foray into creating holochoric visual music compositions. Interlaced matrices of contextualization are intended to disseminate the processes involved in deference to composers who will inevitably follow in the wake of this research. Accomplishing such a goal is a quintessential aspect of practice-based research, through which new knowledge is gained during the act of creating. Rather than formulating theoretical perspectives, it is through the praxis of composing holochoric visual music that the constantly arising challenges are recognized, analyzed, and subsequently addressed and resolved in order to ensure progression in the compositional process. Though measuring the success of the resultant compositions is indeed a subjective endeavor, as is the case with all art, the means by which they are achieved is not. The development of such pipelines and processes, and their implementation in practice, are the basic building blocks of further exploration, discovery, and artistic expression. This is the impetus for this document and for my constantly evolving and progressing trajectory as a scholar, artist, composer, and computer scientist.Doctor of Philosophy
In this paper the author explores the idea that, owing to their shared three-dimensional nature, holophons and holograms are well suited as mediums for visual music composition. This union is ripe with creative opportunity and fraught with challenges in the areas of aesthetics and technical implementation. Squarely situated upon the bleeding edge of phenomenological research and creative practice, this novel medium is nonetheless within reach. Here, one methodological pipeline is delineated that employs the convergence of holography, holophony, and super-computing toward the creation of visual music compositions intended for head mounted displays or large scale 3D/360 projection screens and high-density loudspeaker arrays.
22
Barlow, Christopher Michael. "Successful interdisciplinary ad hoc creative teams." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1058970033.
23
Collins, Kate Ann. "Cultivating Citizen Artists: Interdisciplinary Dialogic Artmaking." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408661362.
24
Dovgal, Sergey. "An interdisciplinary image of Analytic Combinatorics." Thesis, Paris 13, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA131065.
Abstract:
Cette thèse est consacrée au développement des outils et à l’utilisation des méthodes de la combinatoire analytique, notamment l’énumération exacte et asymptotique, les propriétés statistiques des objets aléatoires et la génération aléatoire. L’ingrédient clé est la multidisciplinarité du domaine, qui est soulignée par des exemples tirés de la programmation logique, de la mécanique statistique, de la biologie, de la statistique mathématique, des réseaux et de la théorie des files d’attenteThis thesis is devoted to the development of tools and the use of methods from Analytic Combinatorics, including exact and asymptotic enumeration, statistical properties of random objects, and random generation.The key ingredient is the multidisciplinarity of the domain, which is emphasised by using examples from computational logic, statistical mechanics, biology, mathematical statistics, networks and queueing theory
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Dotson, Jessica N. "INTERDISCIPLINARY CONNECTIONS BETWEEN SCIENCE & THEATRE." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3725.
Abstract:
Abstract
INTERDISCIPLINARY CONNECTIONS BETWEEN SCIENCE & THEATRE
Jessica Nicole Dotson
A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Fine Arts at Virginia Commonwealth University.
Virginia Commonwealth University, 2015.
Major Director: Dr. Noreen C. Barnes, Director of Graduate Studies, Associate Professor of Theatre
In the 1990s, astronomer Peter Usher was searching for new ways to teach his introductory astronomy class at Pennsylvania State University. He began to engage his students by searching for astronomical connections from other disciplines. His focus was turned to the arts, especially the works of William Shakespeare. Usher found, while searching through the canon of Shakespeare's work, astronomical references that explored the “new astronomy” of the Elizabethan age (Falk 171). This thesis will explore the writings of Usher, in regard to the astronomy of Hamlet, along with the interdisciplinary connections between art and science in and outside the classroom and museum theatre. From interdisciplinary classroom methods, to arts and scientists collaborating together for the betterment of man-kind, the use of theatre is a way of rediscovering the humanity of human history. The collaboration between the disciplines serves as one of theatre's greatest purposes, to educate and represent a living history of man.
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Dolan, Timothy D. "Designers' perceptions of interdisciplinary design education." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2003. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0710103-093353/unrestricted/DolanT071803f.pdf.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--East Tennessee State University, 2003.Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0710103-093353. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.
27
Baker, Natalie. "Environmental Policy Evaluation: An Interdisciplinary Framework." Thesis, Department of Political Economy, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14094.
28
Hale, Beth Ann. "Hospice Interdisciplinary Team Processes and Effectiveness." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195961.
Abstract:
The purpose of this research was to test a causal model of interdisciplinary hospice processes and effectiveness. This research examined the impact of organization and team level structure constructs (organizational culture, team complexity, and team leadership) on hospice interdisciplinary team processes and subsequent influence on perceived team effectiveness. The relationships among perceived team effectiveness, team task satisfaction, and family satisfaction with hospice care were also examined.The sample consisted of 41 hospice interdisciplinary teams drawn from two hospice organizations in a southwestern city of the United States. Participants included 410 interdisciplinary team members and 32 hospice team leaders. Measures used in this research were adapted from instruments previously used in non-hospice settings. Data were collected through self-report surveys. Psychometric properties of all instruments were performed at the individual and group level. Psychometric properties of all but three scales (Hospice Organizational Culture: Group Culture, Hierarchical Culture, and Developmental Culture) exhibited reliability and evidence of validity as group measures.Four hypothesized relationships were supported, and six nonhypothesized relationships were significant in the model. All team processes except conflict management had positive direct effects on perceived team effectiveness. Perceived team effectiveness had a positive direct effect on team task satisfaction, and team task satisfaction was positively correlated with family satisfaction with hospice care in a limited sample. The proposed structural factors (hospice organizational culture, team complexity, and team leadership) did not impact hospice interdisciplinary team processes or team effectiveness. Approximately sixty-five percent of the variance in team effectiveness was explained by team hospice experience and team processes (leadership, communication, and coordination). Nearly fifty percent of variance in team task satisfaction was explained by the processes used for conflict management and perceived team effectiveness.Relationships identified in this research are viewed as preliminary. Future research should modify and re-examine model relationships with a larger sample drawn from diverse hospice organizations. In addition, structural variables influencing the hospice interdisciplinary team need to be re-examined for appropriateness and conceptual relevance. However, this study provided a foundation for understanding hospice interdisciplinary team processes and the influence of these processes on team and family satisfaction.
29
Jia, Amy M. "Options in oncofertility: an interdisciplinary discussion." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12126.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.A.)--Boston UniversityBackground: Long-term survivorship in pediatric and young patients has vastly improved over the years, leading to research looking beyond acute treatment risks. Post-treatment quality of life assessments have found a gap in the fertility needs of these individuals. Aside from the physical issues surrounding fertility assistance prior to cancer therapy, a number of other issues arise such as psychological factors, social concerns, and ethical considerations that warrant a discussion all on their own. Objective: Barriers to reproductive medicine when presented with a cancer diagnosis come from a lack of basic science, translational, and clinical research. It is the duty of the oncologist to familiarize themselves with options in fertility preservation. This thesis hopes to consolidate pieces of convincing data and provide an analysis of the options to diffuse some of the uncertainty surrounding these discussions. Additionally, suggestions will be made, where applicable, for supplemental research to bridge gaps in current knowledge. Findings: Several options are available, with significant caveats and limitations. With few established techniques and more that are under investigation, not many can be confidently and fairly promoted to all cancer patients. Often, logistics of timing and personnel coordination get in the way of utilizing this technology. Even so, there is a lack of open dialogue between the treating physician and cancer patients of childbearing age regarding the field of oncofertility. Conclusion: There is a need to protect the autonomy and vulnerability of each patient who is diagnosed with any form of cancer. The field of oncofertility should aim to serve all young cancer survivors with the opportunity to protect their fertility and long-term quality of life. In order to do so, healthcare providers from across different fields must work together to coordinate a patient’s best interest; only with constant communication and discussion between various disciplines will cancer patients receive the most appropriate information for their situation.
30
Hughes, Sarah Elizabeth. "An interdisciplinary unit on the Renaissance." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1277.
31
Drezek, Kathryne Margaret. "The Intellectual Impact of Interdisciplinarity: A Series of Studies of Graduate Students and Faculty Engaged in Interdisciplinary Scholarship." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29077.
Abstract:
While disciplinarity still dominates college and university life, enthusiasm for interdisciplinary approaches has increased over the past three decades. Proponents often present interdisciplinarity as an a priori good, but scholars have noted that we have not yet sufficiently evaluated the efficacy of interdisciplinary initiatives. Most assessments of interdisciplinary initiatives have focused on tangible outcomes such as grants, papers, and patents. This is an unfortunate critical gap in the examination of interdisciplinarity, as it is possible that engagement in interdisciplinary activities changes student and faculty thinking in significant ways. This dissertation proposes to address the gap in the examination of interdisciplinarity regarding interdisciplinary learning outcomes by investigating the intellectual impact of interdisciplinary initiatives on students and faculty.
Utilizing a manuscript approach for the dissertation experience, this series of qualitative studies is organized around three areas of inquiry related to learning in interdisciplinary contexts: (a) how systematic interdisciplinary training affect doctoral studentsâ epistemic beliefs, that is, how they view the construction of knowledge and the nature of scholarship; (b) what faculty learn from engaging in interdisciplinary research initiatives, and what tools mediate this interdisciplinary learning process; and (c) whether an interdisciplinary training effort promotes the creation of an alternative community of practice for participating students and faculty.
The studies were part of a larger mixed methods assessment of the efficacy of the EIGER program. Participants were selected based upon their affiliation with one specific interdisciplinary graduate training initiative, the EIGER program, at Virginia Tech, and came from the hard sciences, engineering, and social sciences. Informed by grounded theory, analysis of the data revealed that both graduate students and faculty achieve interdisciplinary understanding as a result of their interdisciplinary training and research experiences. Furthermore, faculty interdisciplinary learning is mediated by other people and two categories of tools, problem platforms and solution mechanisms, and is achieved by both borrowing and lending of disciplinary expertise. Finally, results suggest that programs like the EIGER may constitute emerging communities of practice that serve as alternatives to traditional disciplinary communities.Ph. D.
32
Wang, Kai. "Interdisciplinary research as collective interaction : an investigation of interdisciplinarity in the R&D sector of China's biotechnology industry." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/4106.
Abstract:
As China has celebrated its economic boom over the past decades, scientific research within the R&D sector of industry has become an active arena for Science and Technology Studies (STS) in understanding how science contributes to social change in China. Two themes are central in this sociological work: the study of secular change in China, in particular, change in its biotech industries exemplified by work in the BGI (formerly known as Beijing Genomics Institute); the investigation of interdisciplinarity in that context. This research sheds new light on explanatory practice in interdisciplinary research (IDR) strategy as patterns of interaction in the social process of scientific knowledge production, and its contribution also includes bridging the sociology of scientific knowledge production and research policy studies. In this thesis, I examine a number of topics at three interrelated levels of analysis. First, it explores the theoretical development of the academic discipline and the notion of interdisciplinarity, with a focus on the balance of normative and descriptive approaches in understanding their social functionality as embodied by what I name as Paradiscipline (the initial stage of IDR project). The second level investigates closely how IDR patterns emerge and evolve in the sequencing-based industrial R&D practice in the case of the BGI. Social, cultural, and institutional factors directing and conditioning collective actions by status groups within interaction network are carefully weighed against the context that scientific expertise speak to power in China's social setting. The last level is dedicated to yield more pervasive implications including the organizational structure of interaction and modelling of scientific research, via comparative analysis of traditional S&T management and governing 'Big Science'. It further addresses the issues around on-site governance of China's biotechnology industry R&D, at both management practice and policy making levels, on the basis of social embedment.
33
Wood, Jennifer A. V. "Use of videoconferencing to facilitate interdisciplinary practice /." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2005. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=0&did=1264608931&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1185284060&clientId=22256.
34
Macholdt, Dorothea [Verfasser]. "Interdisciplinary research on Rock Varnish / Dorothea Macholdt." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1135940460/34.
35
McNulty, Lisa. "Objectivity, reasoning and interdisciplinary : making the links." Thesis, University of Kent, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633696.
Abstract:
Both the production of knowledge and the product, knowledge itself, are social phenomena. This generally accepted fact is generally thought to require relativism, scepticism, and Kuhnian incommensurability, as well as casting serious doubt on the potential of our cognitive traditions to provide us with objective knowledge about an objective world. This thesis exposes and critiques the presuppositions about the nature of reasoning and objectivity which underlie these fears. Combining a Nietzschean, perspectivist account of objectivity with a conception of reasoning drawn from Lockean epistemology and pedagogy, I build a new account of cognitive optimality, dubbed 'Linkmaking'. The phrase deliberately encompasses several meanings. We 'make links' by noticing connections between objects in the world, by linking ideas together to form a theory or a curriculum; by forming social connections, and by developing interdisciplinary practices. I defend the view that we cannot fully address any of these kinds of Link without reference to all of the others. I further show that out best means to critically assess our cognitive groups is to evaluate the extent to which those groups encourage Linkmaking practices. The major potential challenge to Linkmaking is Kuhnian incommensurability. Having demonstrated the flaws inherent in Kuhn's account, this thesis defends the weaker, Doppeltian form of incommensurability, which grants us insight into the genuine problems which can occur in interdisciplinary research. We then see that the Strong Programme in the sociology of knowledge, inspired by the strong, relativistic version of the Kuhnian incommensurability thesis, has held sway among sociologists because they do not generally study interdisciplinary practices, which highlight scientists' (perspectivist) objectivity. Furthermore, social scientists who accept Kuhnian constructivism doubt their own potential for objectivity, presuming the presence of strong incommensurability where there is none. Undertaking Linkmaking practices both cures this illusion, and improves the cognitive optimality of the group.
36
Raviv, Anat. "An interdisciplinary curriculum to enhance underachieving students." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392296.
37
CHRISMANN, PEDRO HENRIQUE VEIGA. "RETHINKING SANCTIONS: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY ANALYSIS OF PUNISHMENT." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2013. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=22214@1.
Abstract:
PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
FUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
Embora as sanções estejam bastante presentes nas experiências jurídicas ao redor do mundo, durante muito tempo o tema foi negligenciado pelos teóricos analíticos do direito. O motivo é o entendimento corrente de que a sanção não é um elemento necessário para a normatividade jurídica e que, portanto, não é objeto da jusfilosofia. O direito, no entanto,é melhor explicado não apenas pelo estudo das características necessárias e suficientes, mas pela observação de seus aspectos considerados importantes.Se o trabalho do jusfilósofo é conceituar ou descrever o fenômeno jurídico, ou fornecer material normativo para aqueles que vivem a experiência jurídica, ele deve compreender essas características que se mantêm presentes em vários ordenamentos.Com esse foco, este trabalho utiliza uma abordagem interdisciplinar para estudar as sanções. As sanções geralmente são usadas como estímulo para o cumprimento de regras. Experimentos com jogos econômicos têm confirmado a eficiência dessa prática. Há, contudo, casos em que a introdução de sanções produz o resultado contrário ao pretendido. Como o uso de regras tem um valor positivo para a coletividade, o estudo sobre a forma como as pessoas compreendem o emprego de sanções pode ajudar a melhorar a produção legislativa. A despeito da discussão normativa, estudos psicológicos apontam para uma tendência punitiva retributivista no julgamento das pessoas comuns. Além disso, a psicologia tem indicado algumas assimetrias no comportamento punitivo.O filósofo do direito deveria fazer um esforço para integrar as diferentes informações para fornecer explicações mais adequadas do fenômeno jurídico e para construir teorias normativas mais factíveis.
Although sanctions are a constant presence on law systems around the world, the analytic philosophers of law neglected this subject for a long time. The reason is that sanctions were though as an unnecessary element to explain legal normativity. However, law is better explained by the observation of what is understood as its important features and not by its necessary and sufficient ones. If the work of those philosophers its to conceptualize or to describe the legal phenomenon, or to provide normative material, they must comprehend features that are presents in almost every legal system. Following this line of thought, this study is an interdisciplinary approach to sanctions. The sanctions are usually used as incentives for rules observance. Experiments made of economic games have confirmed the efficiency of this method. There are, nevertheless, cases in which sanctions make the opposite result that is expected. As much as rules have a positive value for society, the study about the way people understand the use of sanctions can help improve legal production. Despite the normative debate, psychological studies are pointing to a retributivist tendency in folk people punitive judgments. Besides that, psychology has showed some asymmetries in punitive behavior. The philosopher of law should make an effort to integrate different information in order to provide more accurate explanations to the legal phenomenon and create more feasible normative theories.
38
Saunderson, Helen. "Interdisciplinary research into how artworks are experienced." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/38543.
39
Foster, Allen Edward. "Interdisciplinary information seeking behaviour : a naturalistic inquiry." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6138/.
Abstract:
The thesis begins with an introduction to the study, interdisciplinarity and information seeking behaviour. A review of the literature pertinent to information-seeking behaviour and interdisciplinarity leads to the suggestion that existing research is insufficient to address questions about the information behaviour of interdisciplinary researchers. From this review questions relating to the nature of interdisciplinary information behaviour and the shape of a model of interdisciplinary information seeking behaviour and how this relates to existing single discipline models are developed. The methodology of the study followed a naturalistic inquiry approach to the subject using interviews and inductive analysis while addressing validity within the Lincoln and Guba framework and is based around a sample of 45 academics selected using a combination of purposive and snowball sampling techniques. This thesis traces the development of the results in a sequence of chapters detailing core processes (Opening. Orientation, and Consolidation) and what may be termed "general influences" relating to Cognitive Approach, Internal Context and External Context. There are therefore three core processes and three levels of general influence, each composed of several individual activities and attributes. Further chapters discuss the relationship of the core processes and general influences and their position in a model. The behavioural patterns identified are analogous to an artist's palette in which activities remain available throughout the course of information seeking, each process iteratively leading back to a new selection from the palette. The interactivity and shifts described by the model show information seeking to be non-linear dynamic, holistic, and flowing. A non-linear model of interdisciplinary information behaviour is put forward. The resulting model presents an alternative framework for understanding interdisciplinary information seeking behaviour with wider implications based upon transferability of the findings to other contexts and plans for further research to develop the model.
40
Brockett, Beth. "An interdisciplinary approach to mapping soil carbon." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2016. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/79721/.
Abstract:
At the global scale, soils are the primary terrestrial reservoir of carbon and therefore have a major influence on the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Soil organic carbon stocks are estimated to have decreased by an average of fifty two percent in temperate regions since 1850. Land use change and management practices are the primary drivers of this decrease. Temperate upland regions have been identified as important for climate regulation, both in terms of current stocks of soil carbon and future sequestration potential. Therefore, appropriate on-farm management of soil carbon stocks in these regions has the potential to contribute to climate change mitigation goals. This thesis is a contribution to ongoing efforts to improve on–farm soil carbon management. It does so through the development of mapping practices that incorporate both ecological and social data. The ecological aspect of the research identified a role for existing farm survey data in accurately predicting soil carbon distribution without the need for time and labour-intensive field work. The engagement with social science methods acknowledges a societal bias towards scientific ways of representing soil carbon and the marginalisation of alternative, often experiential, knowledge. The research demonstrated a way for different knowledges to be incorporated into soil carbon mapping practices and identified a role for under-utilised scientific and non-scientific knowledge of soil carbon for improving spatially-explicit management plans. The mapping methods were developed around three case study farms in the Lake District National Park in Cumbria. This region is an upland landscape which has been identified as an important space for carbon management in the UK. The research offers a distinct and timely approach to assessing the potential of interdisciplinary mapping to improve the management of soil carbon at the farm scale and has wider implications for the management of ecological systems.
41
Guiler, Kathleen J. "Muslim Immigration in France: An Interdisciplinary Exploration." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1177081424.
42
Baker, Jack David. "Interdisciplinary Evaluation of Youth Participatory Action Research." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1538816180877824.
43
Polfus, Jean. "An interdisciplinary approach to describing biological diversity." Ecology and Society; Journal of Biogeography, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31986.
Abstract:
The concept of biodiversity – the phenotypic and genotypic variation among organisms – is central to conservation biology. There is growing recognition that biodiversity does not exist in isolation, but rather is intrinsically and evolutionarily linked to cultural diversity and indigenous knowledge systems. In Canada, caribou (Rangifer tarandus) occupy a central place in the livelihoods and identities of indigenous people and display substantial variation across their distribution. However, quantifying caribou intraspecific variation has proven challenging. Interdisciplinary approaches are necessary to produce effective species characterizations and conservation strategies that acknowledge the interdependent relationships between people and nature in complex social-ecological systems. In this dissertation I use multiple disciplinary traditions to develop comprehensive and united representations of caribou variation through an exploration of population genetics, phylogenetics, traditional knowledge, language, and visual approaches in the Sahtú region of the Northwest Territories, Canada. First, I examine caribou variation through analysis of population genetics and the relationships Dene and Métis people establish with animals within bioculturally diverse systems. Next, I focus on how the Pleistocene glacial-interglacial cycles have shaped the current patterns of caribou phylogeographic lineage diversification. Finally, I explore how art can be used to facilitate cross-cultural collaboration and externalize the unique heterogeneity of biocultural diversity. The results demonstrate a broad scale understanding of the distribution, spatial organization, and the degree of differentiation of caribou populations in the region. I found evidence for caribou population differentiation that corresponds to the caribou types recognized by Dene people: tǫdzı “boreal woodland caribou,” ɂekwę́ “barren-ground caribou,” and shúhta ɂepę́ “mountain caribou.” Phylogenetic results reveal that in their northern margin the boreal ecotype of woodland caribou evolved independently from the northern Beringian lineage in contrast with southern boreal caribou which belong to the sub-Laurentide refugia lineage. In addition, I demonstrate how art can be used improve communication, participation, and knowledge production among interdisciplinary research collaborations and across language and knowledge systems. A collaborative process of research that facilitates łeghágots'enetę “learning together” has the potential to produce sustainable conservation solutions, develop efficient and effective wildlife management policies, and ensure caribou remain an important part of the landscape.February 2017
44
Bharat, Gauri. "An interdisciplinary approach to Santal architectural history." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2015. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/58765/.
Abstract:
Santals are one of the many Adivasi (indigenous) communities in eastern India and are particularly renowned for precision and craftsmanship in their domestic architecture. The visually stunning dwellings and settlements fascinated me as an undergraduate architecture student, and now, in this doctoral research project, I take this forward as a critical enquiry into the production, use and transformation of Santal built environments. There are two important concerns in the study. First, I examine Santal dwellings and settlements as both sites and processes, i.e., I analyse built forms, everyday life, domestic art practices, and people’s perceptions of important aspects of their surroundings in order to understand Santal senses of space and place. Second, I attempt to correlate architectural shifts to wider changes in the Santal and other Adivasi communities and the Singhbhum region in order that the architectural analysis may be brought to bear upon a wider understanding of Adivasi pasts. In short, using architecture as a lens, I aim to understand Santal senses of being-in-the-world and how these have transformed in the course of the past two centuries. This study is an important departure from architectural discourses on traditional environments since it examines processes of making and people’s experiences together with architectural forms. This approach allows a new kind of architectural history to emerge: one that is no longer about buildings alone, but that offers insights into peoples’ sense of their collective lives, and in particular their phenomenological engagements with the social, environmental and historical worlds that are in part defined by architecture. The project is inherently interdisciplinary in that architectural analysis is combined with ethnography and participatory visual methods in the effort to study senses of place. More significantly, however, I aim to contribute to critical discourses on traditional built environments and their historiography.
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Roberts, David Anthony. "Discontinuous Systems Analysis: an Interdisciplinary Analysis Tool." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1196390609.
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Howland, Hans Russell. "An interdisciplinary review structure of architectural sustainability." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02132009-172252/.
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Presko, Kimberly M. "The development of the interdisciplinary team audit /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9901271.
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Lewis, Sheila Siobhan. "An interdisciplinary approach to operatic role preparation /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3004201.
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Orth, Jared David. "Interdisciplinary Engagements with the Experience of Film." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9802.
Abstract:
There is great potential for study of the experience of film by incorporating scientific research into the theorising process. In this work I outline my own values for theoretical work and provide discussion of the methodological goals and practices I will employ to utilise scientific research in film theorising and to meaningfully engage with that work. This includes a focus on strong argumentation, engagement with a broad scope of study on film, the production of applicable and assessable theories as well as robust theory construction. In addition to a description of practical applications towards these goals, the thesis will detail ways that a theorist may engage scientific work without being an expert in that field themselves. The work will examine the concept of ‘persistence of vision’ as a historical case study of the relationship between film theorising and scientific work. This includes a detailed examination of the evolution of different explanations for phenomena related to visual persistence and motion perception. Following this is a critique of the use of ‘persistence of vision’ within historical film theories as well as a description of a number of individuals who valued the incorporation of scientific work in the film theorising process.
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Chance, Patricia Belle. "An interdisciplinary comparison of master's thesis abstracts." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2794.
Abstract:
Explores different ways that organizational moves and other discourse elements such as hedging are reflected in graduate student research abstracts for theses, dissertations and research articles. Master's thesis abstracts from five disciplines at California State University, San Bernardino were analyzed. Rhetorical conventions in these texts that reflect the epistemological and social expectations of the writers' academic communities were explored. Results indicate that these abstracts use a variety of hedging patterns and many of the moves that have been described for published research articles.