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Stearns, Susan Annette. "Conversational coherence : interactional goal and purpose /." Full-text version available from OU Domain via ProQuest Digital Dissertations, 1990.
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Chen, Siu-wah Julia. "Interactional influences on writing conferences /." Online version, 2005. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/25884.
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Bailey, A. Kathleen (Ann Kathleen). "Interactional Patterns in Families of Patients with Breast Cancer." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330997/.
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This study utilized ethnographic methodology to describe the communicative interactional patterns in families with a member who has breast cancer. Three breast cancer patients whose families were between the adolescent and launching of children developmental lifestage (McGoldrick & Carter, 1982) were chosen for the study. Data were collected from a series of three interview sessions over a period of four weeks with a two week time lapse between each of the interview sessions. Interview sessions were conducted in the families' homes by the researcher. All interviews were video and audio tape recorded for the purpose of preserving data for transcribing and coding. Research questions examined individual perception of meaning in regard to the disease, the structure and organization of the family in relation to the illness, and the effects of family communicative interaction on the course and management of the disease. Findings indicated that family members' responses to the diagnosis of "breast cancer were influenced by multi-generational "beliefs. All three families formulated a collective belief which supported the mother's belief about the disease. Each of the three families were mother-centered, and each mother seemed to use a metacommunicative approach to mediating family transactions. Each of the three fathers were reported as having been isolated and withdrawn within the family at various times. However, each father appeared to play a protective role in deflecting tension and stress away from the mother. All three couples appeared to have constructed an egalitarian relationship with an implicit agreement as to who was more skilled to hold the power within a particular context. In all three families, the generational boundaries were clearly defined. Conflict and affect were most generally expressed in an indirect manner through wit and sarcasm. However, because each of these three families were structured to allow for personal autonomous functioning of each individual member, patients were supported in seeking a modality outside of the family system to express more ambivalent feelings.
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Martin, Cathrin. "From other to self : learning as interactional change /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4686.
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Carl, Walter John III. "The (interactional) business of doing business: a rhetorical discursive action analysis of an e-commerce business opportunity." Diss., University of Iowa, 2001. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/190.
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This thesis focused on presentations of an e-commerce business opportunity to people interested in a multilevel marketing business. Participation in a multilevel marketing organization can be described as a legitimate business activity where individuals can earn a living while enjoying the benefits of independence, autonomy, and being part of a business team. A second, equally plausible way to describe the business is as a get-rich-quick or pyramid scheme in which individuals learn techniques of persuasion and how to exploit personal relationships in order to maximize profit. Given these alternative descriptions, the primary research question for this project concerned the identity problems managed by current business owners as they built up the first kind of description of the business while simultaneously undermining the second.
A series of business plan presentations and training sessions of a multilevel marketing organization were audio and video-tape recorded in the United Kingdom and the United States and transcribed. These meetings were analyzed by means of a rhetorical discursive action approach. This perspective is informed by principles of conversation analysis (i.e., how participants accomplish social actions through talk on a turn-by-turn basis), rhetorical concerns (i.e., how versions of the world are built up and undermined in relation to alternative, rival versions), and fact construction (i.e., how descriptions of events are formulated to be true, objective, and disinterested).
The analysis demonstrated that various conversational practices were used to construct the e-commerce business as legitimate and as a vehicle to fulfill the audience members' dreams and goals, while countering the notion that the business involved processes of selling, persuasion, or convincing. Some of the devices used to accomplish this effect included managing informality of the meetings, positioning the audience as intelligent, reflective people who would not fall prey to a sales pitch, and showing how business techniques grew out of a larger ethic of personal relationships and connections.
The study concluded with a discussion of the importance of analyzing actual interaction; training and pedagogical implications; future avenues of study; and ethical, political, and critical implications raised by this thesis.
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Fournier, William H. "Communication Satisfaction, Interactional Justice, and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: Staff Perceptions in a University Environment." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1208979954.
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Shen, Chao-mei. "Other-initiated repair in native-nonnative English conversation and its interactional consequences /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Palomeque, Kovacs Cristina. "Communication in a MUVE: An exploratory case study of teacher interactional devices in Second Life." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/394058.
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Este estudio investiga los recursos interaccionales que una profesora utiliza con sus estudiantes en un contexto de enseñanza de inglés para fines específicos en un entorno virtual multiusuario de Second Life y de como los diferentes modos disponibles en Second Life son usados para crear significado y una comunicación efectiva con los estudiantes. Trece estudiantes universitarios del grado de Turismo se ofrecieron voluntariamente para participar en clases de inglés en Second Life durante un curso académico. La comunicación en este mundo virtual se analizó a través de un sistema de anotación en el que se transcribió el comportamiento verbal y no verbal de los participantes, así como también las acciones que llevó a cabo la profesora sobre la interficie del programa. El análisis de las transcripciones muestra que la profesora usó estrategias transaccionales e interaccionales para conseguir una comunicación efectiva y crear un entorno de aprendizaje cómodo. Se encontraron estrategias adaptivas a las características del mundo virtual como adresividad visual, comprobaciones de recepción de un mensaje o comprobaciones de canal. Este estudio también muestra que la profesora utilizó modificaciones interaccionales como estrategias de negociación o repeticiones para asegurarse de que los estudiantes estaban siguiendo la clase, así como también para evitar o arreglar problemas comunicativos. La profesora también usó diferentes canales para dar retroalimentación correctiva en la clase, evidenciándose el uso de retroalimentación correctiva bimodal. En último lugar, el análisis de las transcripciones ilustra que los participantes usaron los modos visual y verbal en la creación de significado, así como para conseguir una comunicación más efectiva en este entorno multimodal.This study investigates the interactional devices that a teacher used with her students in an English for Specific Puposes (ESP) setting in the Multi-User Virtual Environment (MUVE) of Second Life and how the different modes available in this environment were used to create meaning and communicate effectively with students. Thirteen undergraduate students of Tourism volunteered to take part in additional ESP classes in Second Life throughout an academic year. MUVE communication was analyzed through a multimodal notation system that recorded the verbal and non-verbal participant behavior as well as the interface actions the teacher performed on the program. Analysis of the transcripts revealed that the teacher made use of a range of transactional and interactional discursive strategies to achieve effective communication and create a comfortable learning environment. There were strategies found that were adaptive to the features of the MUVE environment such as visual addressivity, reception checks or channel checks. This study also shows that the teacher made use of interactional modifications such as negotiation strategies or self-repetitions to ensure that students were following as well as to avoid or deal with communication breakdowns. Some of these strategies made use of different communication channels. The teacher also used different channel to provide corrective feedback during the lessons and there was evidence of bimodal corrective feedback. Finally, the analysis of the transcripts also revealed that participants made use of the visual and the verbal mode to create meaning and make communication more effective in this online environment.
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MARTINS, ESTELA DE JESUS. "COMPUTER MEDIATED COMMUNICATION: THE CONSTRUCTION OF KNOWLEDGE IN THE INTERACTIONAL PROCESS OF A PRIVATE FORUM." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2003. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4012@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROAs conferências por computador incorporam-se cada vez mais ao dia-a-dia acadêmico, através de programas de ensino a distância e de sua utilização como ferramenta auxiliar no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Contudo, os estudos têm privilegiado as modalidades sincrônicas de comunicação. As poucas incursões pela assincronia detêm-se nas listas de discussão ou limitam-se a definições no que tange ao fórum. Preenchendo esta lacuna, o presente estudo trata de um fórum de discussão privado ocorrido simultaneamente às aulas presenciais de uma turma de engenharia elétrica da PUC-Rio. O objetivo é descrever e analisar qualitativa e quantitativamente o papel do fórum enquanto experiência discursiva, investigando como se dá a interação e a construção do conhecimento; a possível caracterização do fórum como gênero ou suporte; e o efeito da intervenção do professor no processo. Inspirada pelo sociointeracionismo, a análise focou a freqüência de participação e sua direcionalidade, o fluxo de tópico, a presença social e cognitiva via índices lingüísticos que indicassem afeto, atitude, metacognição, complexidade lexical e sintática. Os resultados sugerem que o fórum deveria ser investigado dentro de um arcabouço de estudos de gênero. Sugerem também que o fórum é um gênero e funciona como uma comunidade de prática, favorecendo a reflexão crítica através de práticas discursivas dialógicas, a aprendizagem de elos coesivos na produção textual, o processo de letramento e de desenvolvimento da inteligência coletiva. Aparentemente, o fórum de discussão contribui para a construção da identidade social e profissional dos participantes.
Computer conferencing has been increasingly incorporated to academic routines, either in distance learning or in the regular classroom, as a support. Nevertheless, the literature has focused on synchronous CMC; its few incursions into asynchrony refer to discussion lists or limit themselves to defining the forum. To fill up such a gap, this study focuses on a private forum held simultaneously with classroom learning by undergrads in Electrical Engineering, at PUC-Rio. Its objective is to describe and analyze, quantitative and qualitatively, the role of the forum as a discursive experience, investigating how interaction and knowledge construction take place; the possibility of characterizing the forum as a genre; and the effect of teacher`s intervention in the process. Inspired by sociointeractionism, it analyzed participation and interactional direction, the topic framework, social and cognitive aspects signaled by linguistic devices that represent affect, attitude, metacognition, lexical and syntactic complexity. Results suggest that future studies need to address the forum within the paradigm of genre study. It also suggests that the forum is a genre and functions as a community of inquiry, leading to critical thinking by means of dialogical discursive and literacy practices, learning of coesive ties in writing, and the development of collective intelligence. Apparently, it contributes to the construction of the social and professional identities of the participants.
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Cooper, Neil James. "Parental involvement in child protection conferences : participation as an emergent property of interactional and communication processes." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389508.
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Bengsch, Geraldine. "Interactional structures and engagement in service encounters : an investigation into communication at the hotel front desk." Thesis, University of York, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18655/.
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The main aim of the study was to explore the specifics of communicative behaviour at the hotel reception that establish the institutional character of the interaction to accomplish a service encounter. The hotel provides a unique environment for research related to global communication and questions of politeness usage. Investigating conversations between hotel receptionists and their guests was used to demonstrate how interdisciplinary approaches can further knowledge in a globalised world order. Nine and a half hours of naturally occurring interactions between receptionists and guests were videotaped in four hotels in three European countries (England, Germany and Spain). The analysis was conducted using Conversation Analysis (CA) as the primary method and enriched through the use of ethnographic notes. CA was used to show how normative social structures are invoked in service encounters at the hotel front desk. Ethnographic insights provided additional evidence for how the interactions are anchored in the social reality. The findings suggest that conversations at the front desk are highly structured and possess features similar to institutional and mundane interactions. Conversations were classed into three phases (arrival, stay and departure), each of which has observable and robust interactional features. It is proposed that an effective encounter between hotel guest and receptionist is not solely reliant on a particular structure. Instead, the results indicate that a very specific amount of engagement by both the service provider and the customer is required. Thus, following the tradition of CA, it is demonstrated how precisely participants can organise their talk and behaviour according to a mutual preference of both guest and receptionist. The analysis showed that miscommunication occurs infrequent in these service encounters. Furthermore, intercultural notions are seldom made relevant in talk by participants. The study contributes to knowledge in interactional, service encounter and tourism related literature. The findings also have implications for practitioners in the tourism industry.
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Wepener, Clara. "Mainstream mobile messaging for youth with complex communication needs : a South African case study exploring interactional aspects." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/73129.
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Mainstream mobile messaging is a widely researched theme as it is a favoured means of interaction by youth who are the so-called digital natives. To limit marginalisation and promote inclusion, it is essential for youth with complex communication needs to participate in the same activities as their peers without disabilities. However, there is a paucity of research regarding the use of messaging by youth with complex communication needs in both the disability literature and in the information and communication technology literature. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to explore and describe the interactional aspects of mainstream mobile messaging (related to the why, who, what, when, where and how of communication) for youth with complex communication needs. These aspects were considered in terms of the enduring Human Activity Assistive Technology model, which was supplemented in the current study to include a communication partner (or group of partners) using the same type of technology (smartphones) to engage in the same activity (messaging). A qualitative case study design was used to gather data from three sources using four data collection methods: (i) face-to-face participant interviews using WhatsApp (n=7); (ii) WhatsApp communication partner interviews (n=7); (iii) an asynchronous WhatsApp focus group; and (iv) observations of youth interacting on WhatsApp. All data was analysed using thematic analysis. The results showed that messaging afforded the participants new communication possibilities despite certain limitations. These affordances included a degree of interaction symmetry; the possibility to interact with a wide range of partners including groups; interaction with others outside their often-restricted environments (absent presence); privacy; a measure of anonymity and control over interactions; a means of expressing themselves that was easier than face-to-face interactions; and the ability to meaningfully connect with others. Future research should explore these affordances in more detail and consider the impact of limited literacy skills and the expressive use of pictures in mainstream mobile messaging.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria 2019.
University of Pretoria: Postgraduate bursary
Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (CAAC)
PhD
Unrestricted
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McKenzie, Monica M., and n/a. "The word amongst us : a descriptive study of the perceptions of communication problems in a traditionally hierarchical organisation moving to a more lateral form of collaborative ministry." University of Canberra. Education, 1990. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061003.114719.
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This paper attempts to isolate some implications for secondary and
adult education emerging from an exploratory study of perceived
effective interactional communication in a religious organisation.
Leaders of the local parishes of the Catholic Church in Australia are in
the process of moving from the traditional basic communication
structure of an hierarchical model to the lateral and collaborative
interaction of a more participative model of management.
This descriptive study records the perceptions of a sample of parish
workers in the Church throughout Australia as they describe some of the
problems they experienced in communication processes and attempted to
identify the reason why these problems emerged. In doing so, they also
identified the more effective communication processes emerging in this
new form of pastoral ministry. They listed a number of attitudes which
they believed would lead to greater communication effectiveness and
without which genuine constructive communication usually does not
take place (Carl Rogers 1957 in Bolton, 1983 p. 259). The media and
written communication are not explored, except in their relation to
effective meeting procedures. Verbal and non-verbal communication
amongst people interacting with one another in the interpersonal
organisational setting is the focus of this work.
The findings of this study point in the short term, to the need for
empowering people engaged in pastoral work with the necessary skills
of effective communication processes. In the long term, the paper
proposes the need for continuing educational emphasis on communication
skills especially in secondary schools when students move towards a
more personalised form of self-assertion.
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Werkman, Doris L. "Comparative self-monitoring behavior and recall of verbal and nonverbal interactional information about partner in conversations with ablebodied and disabled partners." PDXScholar, 1986. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3682.
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When strangers meet, there is a high level of uncertainty due to the infinite number of possible alternatives in behavior between the two people. Previous research indicates that communicators will attempt to reduce the level of uncertainty by using available verbal and nonverbal information of the other, by seeking similarities with the other, and by observing the situation itself. This information is used to predict attitudes and beliefs, as well as to attribute characteristics of the other. Other studies indicate that a person will increase her level of self-monitoring activity when the level of uncertainty is increased.
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Tecedor, Cabrero Marta. "Developing Interactional Competence Through Video-Based Computer-Mediated Conversations: Beginning Learners of Spanish." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4918.
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This dissertation examines the discourse produced by beginning learners of Spanish using social media. Specifically, it looks at the use and development of interactional resources during two video-mediated conversations. Through a combination of Conversation Analysis tools and quantitative data analysis, the use of turn-taking strategies, repair trajectories, and alignment moves was examined to discover how beginning language learners manage videoconferencing exchanges and develop their interactional capabilities in this new interactional setting. The goal of this investigation was twofold: 1) to describe and explain how students construct, manage and maintain conversations via videoconferencing, and 2) to gain a better understanding of the links between technology-based social media and language learning.
The results of this study indicate that instructional videoconferencing conversations display their own clearly delimited and idiosyncratic organization of interactional features. In terms of turn-taking, the results of the analyses demonstrate that beginning learners are fully capable of participating competently in speaker selection to manage a conversation with a peer of similar proficiency level. In the area of repair, the analyses show that, during instructional videoconferencing exchanges, beginning learners orient to both the communication of personal meaning and the accuracy of their discourse. They enact this orientation through the use of self-initiated self-repair. Finally, with regard to the use of alignment moves, the analyses reveal that, in tune with their nascent linguistic and interactional abilities, beginning learners use primarily acknowledgement moves.
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González, María Mercedes. "Communication in social media. A new source of power : Based on the posts and comments about sustainability on Zara and H&M’s Facebook accounts." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-35071.
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The development of communication technology has also created new structures, able to challenge the traditional power roles of the communicative process. Social media have become a fruitful arena of this change due to their users having the possibility to respond to the producers’ messages. Thus, the traditional lineal structure turns to an interactional one and consequently, the lines become blurred between the roles of the dominant and dominated as assumed by the senders/producers and the receivers respectively. Controversial issues shed light on this ‘battle for power’, such as the sustainability actions and reporting of Zara and H&M. These companies are the leaders of the fast fashion industry; one of the most ‘unsustainable’ fields. Through a critical discourse analysis of the posts that the companies launch on their Facebook-sponsored accounts as well as the comments related to sustainability that they obtain from their users, the communicative process occurring in social media can be assessed. The aim of this analysis is to provide an insight into how the communicative process between sender and receiver in social media creates public opinion and affects the development of sustainability discourse. It has been shown that users have found in social media a powerful tool to challenge the companies’ power: they can comment on the informative product in question. Also the users have taken the sustainability discourse as the required ‘object’ when questioning a product’s reliability. The latter is in some way another means with which to challenge the companies’ power.
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Ozaki, Nozomu. "A Conversation Analysis of Therapist-Client Interactional Patterns in Single Session Therapy: A Researcher's Interpretation." Diss., NSUWorks, 2017. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dft_etd/45.
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In response to the growing awareness of the issue of accessibility to mental health services (World Health Organization, 2013), single session therapy (SST) has been implemented in various settings throughout the world. (Hoyt &Talmon, 2014b; Miller, 2008; Miller & Slive, 2004; Talmon, 2014). Although there has been much advancement in the knowledge and application of SST, an understanding of therapist-client interactional patterns that enfold in SST is extremely scarce. In this study, I investigated how therapists collaboratively improved the talk in SST turn by turn in such a way that promoted therapeutic improvement. I utilized conversation analysis (Sacks et al., 1974) to analyze a video-recording of a SST consultation within a single instrumental case study format (Stake, 2005). The findings of this study provide an interactional understanding of the collaborative practice, valued in SST literature (e.g., Campbell, 2012; Miller & Slive, 2004; Slive et al., 2008). Specifically, the therapists’ collaborative manner is exemplified in how the therapists oriented to the moment-to-moment interaction with the client within and across various interactional practices to coordinate their interaction, form and maintain the therapeutic relationship with the client, invite therapeutic change, and negotiate advice with the client. The findings of this study offer SST therapists and supervisors a potential interactional repertoire that they can utilize in their SST consultations and SST trainings. This study also presents a method of psychotherapy research that can address the research-practice gap (Strong & Gale, 2013).
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Dobyns, Susan Dianne. "The role of indigenous elites in culture contact and change: Interactional analysis of intercultural exchange events in early historic period Hawai'i, 1778-1819." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184559.
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Early contact period studies of first intercultural interactions are important for understanding both traditional pre-contact society and the changes brought about by culture contact. Using documentary records kept by early Euroamerican visitors, the sociolinguistic technique of interactional analysis was employed to identify and analyze specific Euroamerican descriptions of intercultural exchange interactions during early contact period Hawai'i (1778-1819). Statistical analyses revealed clear and consistent differences in the reported exchange experiences of high and low status individuals from both cultures. In the majority of the seven hundred and one (701) events, high status individuals from both cultures interacted together or low status individuals from both cultures interacted together. Interactions with mixed high and low status interactants rarely were reported. High status interactions were described in more detail than were low status interactions, and high status interactants were associated much more frequently with the rarer or less common aspects of exchange than were low status interactants. This was true for type of exchange, nature of exchange (whether mediated or direct), complexity of event description, and both Euroamerican and Hawaiian exchange goods. Narrator and voyage characteristics exhibited similarly distinct status associations. The early historic period was not a homogeneous or monolithic period. All major aspects of exchange events demonstrated simple diachronic change, and many were significant under more powerful statistical analysis as well. Some temporal variations were due to changes in narrator characteristics, particularly purpose of voyage. Other changes reflected shifting methods of control by both Euroamerican and Hawaiian high status individuals as well as the consolidation of power by high status Hawaiian ali'i. Mediated events were especially good indicators of these developments. A complementary analysis of thefts revealed clear status distinctions between low status Hawaiian thieves, low status Euroamerican victims, and high status Hawaiian agents of return. These descriptions indicated that thefts were neither numerous nor particularly important. Thus, interactional analysis provided an alternative to anecdotal ethnohistoric analysis. At the same time, it demonstrated the importance of analyzing collections of ethnohistoric documents in order to assess the variation (and the meaning of that variation) both within and between the individual documents.
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Birchwood, Aina, and Matilda Hammarberg. "Högteknologiskt samtalsstöd vid demens : En analys av samtal med och utan surfplatta med applikationen Book Creator." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-118649.
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Antalet personer insjuknade i demenssjukdom stiger, från 25 miljoner år 2000 till vad som beräknas uppgå till 63 miljoner år 2030. Demens kan beskrivas som en global störning av intellektuella funktioner där den kognitiva förmågan inklusive kommunikation är påverkad. Högtekonologiska hjälpmedel som kommunikativt stöd för personer med demens är i nuläget ett outforskat område med begränsad evidens där få studier har genomförts.Syftet med föreliggande studie var att kartlägga vilka samtalsfenomen som förekom mellan en person med demens och dennes samtalspartners med och utan surfplatta med applikationen Book Creator. Ytterligare ett syfte var att undersöka en av samtalspartnernas upplevelse av att kommunicera med personen med demens. Studien genomfördes på ett boende för personer med demenssjukdom där sammanlagt nio samtal spelades in, sex samtal utan surfplatta med applikationen Book Creator och tre samtal med surfplatta med applikationen Book Creator. Materialet omfattade 2 h och 25 min och transkriberades enligt samtalsanalytiska principer med fokus på specifika samtalsfenomen. Fem fenomen identifierades; initiativtagande, gemensam grund, koherens, ofullständig gemensam grund och icke-koherens. Frekvensen av dessa förekommande fenomen kalkylerades i procent i förhållande till det totala antalet talarturer.Resultaten visade att de samtalsfenomen som inbegrep ofullständig gemensam grund och icke-koherens med en marginell skillnad förekom i mindre frekvens i samtal med applikationen Book Creator. Personen med demens tog initiativ i lika hög utsträckning i samtal med och utan applikationen och det föreföll slutligen inte föreligga några skillnader avseende gemensam grund och koherens mellan deltagarna i samtalet med respektive utan applikationen. Det kunde även urskiljas att personen med demens kunde hantera applikationen Book Creator på egen hand med visst stöd. Samtalspartnerns upplevelser av kommunikativa svårigheter hos personer med demens, strategier för att bemöta dessa och ett behov av ökad utbildning om kommunikativt bemötande ligger i linje med tidigare forskning.The number of people who are affected by dementia is expected to increase, from 25 million in the year 2000 to approximately 63 million in the year 2030. Dementia can be described as a global disorder of intellectual functions, where the cognitive ability including communication is affected. High technological communication aids that support people with dementia in their communication are currently an underexplored area with limited evidence. The aim of the present study was to identify interactional phenomena occurring in interaction involving one person with dementia with and without a tablet with the application Book Creator. A further aim was to examine how the conversation partner experienced the communication of the person with dementia. The study was conducted in a residential care facility for people with dementia where a total of nine conversations were recorded, six conversations without the application and three conversations with the application. The material comprised 2 hours and 25 minutes and was transcribed according to Conversation Analytic principles. Five phenomena were identified: initiative, common ground, coherence, incomplete common ground and non-coherence. The frequency of occurrence of these phenomena was calculated in percentage of their occurrence in relation to total number of turns.The result in the present study indicated that the interactional phenomena involving incomplete common ground and non-coherence occurred in a reduced frequency in conversations with the application Book Creator. The person with dementia took the initiative to the same extent in interactions with and without the application. There appeared to be no differences regarding common ground and coherence between the participants in the conversation with and without the application. The analysis also revealed that the person with dementia could handle the tablet with the application Book Creator on her own with some support. The results are in accordance with research regarding communicative difficulties in people with dementia, strategies to address these difficulties and the need of increased training in communicative treatment in dementia.
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Costa, Bianca Elisa da. "Dispositivos interacionais: um estudo sobre os documentários de Eduardo Coutinho." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2012. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3803.
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CNPQ – Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
UNISINOS - Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos
Esta dissertação elabora um estudo de comunicação sobre cinco filmes do diretor e documentarista Eduardo Coutinho. Os documentários foram analisados com base na perspectiva da comunicação, compreendida como uma ação que gera interação. As análises elaboradas sobre os filmes Cabra Marcado para Morrer, Boca de Lixo, Santo Forte, Peões e O Fim e o Princípio partiram da percepção inicial de que Eduardo Coutinho opera uma processualidade indiciária na direção dos filmes que tem a potencialidade de revelar a realidade social, cultural e política das pessoas que entrevista. Para chegar a ideia de que os documentários podem ser analisados como dispositivos interacionais, a pesquisa iniciou com a observação da centralidade de processos comunicacionais nos filmes, entre eles a interação, sustentada e fundada nos filmes por uma lógica muito específica que é a pessoalização. Essa lógica aparece de diversas maneiras durante os filmes e foi captada depois de um estudo sistemático e transversal das cenas mais expressivas dos filmes. O processo indiciário do diretor pode ser caracterizado como um processo que procura, nos detalhes mais simples do entrevistado, pistas para desvelar o que ele pensa sobre a vida e sobre a realidade social. Dessa forma, o diretor procura desvelar a realidade social dos personagens a partir de perguntas simples que têm o objetivo de evidenciar a pessoa e sua história de vida. Por fim, concluímos que os processos comunicacionais estão embrenhados nos filmes e são geradores de interação.
This dissertation develops a study of communication about five films for director and documentarian Eduardo Coutinho. The films were analyzed from the perspective of communication, understood as an action that generates interaction. The analyzes produced films about the Cabra Marcado para Morrer, Boca de Lixo, Santo Forte, Peões and O Fim e o Princípio left the initial perception of Eduardo Coutinho operates an indiciary processivity in the direction of the films that have the potential to reveal the social reality, cultural and political life of the people he interviews. To get the idea that documentaries can be analyzed as interactional devices, the survey began with the observation of the centrality of communication processes in the films, the interaction between them, supported and funded in the films by a logic that is very specific pessoalização. This logic appears in various ways during the film and was captured after a systematic study and cross the most significant scenes from the movies. The director evidentiary process can be characterized as a process that seeks the simple details of the interviewee, revealing clues to what he thinks about life and about social reality. Thus, the director seeks to reveal the social reality of the characters from simple questions that are intended to highlight the person and his life story. Finall, we conclude that the communication processes are caught up in the movies and are generating interaction.
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Radford, Johanne Amble. "Communicating Banking Values Through Interactions- Investigating the communicative functions of interaction attributes within the banking sector." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21660.
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The present study explores the use of interactions for a communicative purpose, when it comes to communicate banking brand values through a website. By establishing important banking values, trust, sincerity and transparency this study investigates how interaction can be used to communicate those values, through the theory of interaction attributes. Using interaction attributes to communicate emotions as well as brand values has been previously investigated. However, not in the setting of banking. Through designing and exploring interactions this study established some important qualities to consider when designing for banking, with the goal of communicating trust, sincerity and transparency. Attributes consistency, expectedness and apparent are favourable, whilst pliability is found to have a negative effect. In addition to these attributes established by previous work, the findings suggest the importance of a new quality, to design interactions that animate slowly over time, as a way to guide the user through the interaction.
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Charles-Fontaine, Céline. "Stratégies pour l'emploi des personnes handicapées : construction du handicap dans les discours d'une entreprise." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030049/document.
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Cette analyse des stratégies mises en œuvre par une entreprise pour l’emploi des personnes handicapées est le fruit d’un travail d’observation de près de quatre années, mené dans le cadre d’une thèse « CIFRE ». Notre étude s’appuie sur des corpus d’interactions et de documents issus des activités de l’entreprise (supports de communication, mails, notes de travail, etc.). Ayant situé notre travail dans la perspective de la linguistique interactionnelle, nous nous intéressons plus particulièrement à la façon dont une entreprise définit le handicap. Des situations de réunion (préparation de communications internes, réunions « d’information-sensibilisation » destinées au personnel) et des documents réalisés dans la perspective d’une politique d’intégration de personnes permettent d’analyser un ensemble de pratiques descriptives du handicap. Ces pratiques révèlent des modes de description très éloignés des pratiques ordinaires qui traitent le plus souvent du handicap comme d’un stigmate. En effet, les pratiques des entreprises visent au contraire à le constituer en ressource afin de convaincre de l’intérêt que représente l’emploi des personnes handicapées (avantages managériaux, financiers, etc.). Les descriptions produites sont constitutives d’un savoir sur le handicap propre au contexte de l’entreprise et rendent visibles pour l’analyste les processus de catégorisation des personnes handicapées ainsi que les attentes normatives associées à cette catégorie. L’analyse des pratiques observées nous a permis de réaliser un support d’information et de sensibilisation pour la mise en œuvre d’une politique d’emploi en faveur des personnes handicapéesThis analysis of strategies used by a company in the employment of disabled persons is the product of fours years of observation, undertaken as part of a company-university doctoral partnership [“CIFRE” contract]. Our study is based on interactional data and documents produced by company’s activities (communication mediums, e-mails, meetings notes, etc...). Our work falls within the boundaries of interactional linguistics, with a specific focus on how companies define disability. We were able to analyze a series of descriptive practices of disability in the context of meetings (for the preparation of internal communication, to inform and raise awareness among personnel) and though documents produced to implement an employment policy for persons with disabilities. These practices reveal ways of describing disability that greatly differ from ordinary practices, which often treat disability as a stigma. Indeed, company practices seek to present disability as a resource, in order to convincingly convey the benefits of employing disabled persons (management and financial gains, etc.). The descriptions produced are constitutive of a knowledge about disability, unique to the company’s context, and which make visible to the analyst both the processes of categorization of disabled persons as well as presumptive knowledge concerning this category. The analysis of practices observed allowed us to design a document to inform and raise awareness about the implementation of an employment policy concerning people with disabilities
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Kopf, Martina Simone. "Discours interactionnel entre apprenants dans le cadre de l’enseignement secondaire : L’utilisation de stratégies communicatives en français langue étrangère par des apprenants anglophones." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Franska, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-34257.
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L'objectif de la présente étude était d'examiner l'utilisation des stratégies communicatives (SC) dans les interactions verbales entre apprenants de français langue étrangère dans le secondaire. À cette fin, un corpus contenant les interactions verbales de 36 apprenants de français de quatre écoles secondaires différentes du Royaume-Uni a été sélectionné et analysé pour les SC, en s'appuyant sur la taxonomie de Dörnyei et Scott (1997) utilisant une optique interactionniste. Les résultats révèlent que les apprenants ont utilisé principalement des stratégies indirectes, notamment des mots de remplissage et des auto-répétitions, afin de gagner du temps pour réfléchir et maintenir la conversation. Des stratégies directes ont également été fréquemment utilisées, en particulier l'auto-correction et le passage à une première langue (L1) partagée. L'auto-correction a principalement servi à ajuster le message pour atteindre et améliorer le sens partagé, tandis que le passage à la L1 était généralement utilisé pour atténuer les difficultés de communication et établir une relation avec les interlocuteurs sur la base d'une L1 partagée. Il est à noter que les stratégies interactionnelles, en particulier les questions en langue seconde (L2), n’étaient pas souvent présentes dans les interactions. Cela met en évidence la nécessité d'un enseignement plus explicite, en particulier en ce qui concerne des stratégies interactionnelles, afin que les apprenants soient capables de négocier le sens en posant des questions et en clarifiant le problème, de parvenir à un sens partagé et de soutenir une conversation en L2 sans avoir à recourir à la L1.The aim of the current study was to examine the use of communication strategies in verbal interactions between secondary students of French as a Foreign language. To this end, a corpus containing the verbal interactions of 36 secondary students of French from four different high schools in the UK, was selected and scanned for communication strategies, drawing on Dörnyei and Scott’s taxonomy (1997) employing an interactionist lens. Findings reveal that students used mostly indirect strategies, notably filler words and self-repetitions in order to gain time to think and to maintain the conversation. Direct strategies were also employed frequently, in particular self-correction and code-switch, the change to a shared first language (L1). Self-correction served mainly the purpose of adjusting the message to achieve and enhance shared meaning, while the switch to the L1 was usually employed to alleviate communication difficulties and establish a relationship with the speaking partners based on a shared L1. It is noteworthy that interactional strategies, especially questions in the second language (L2), did not feature highly in the interactions. This points to a need for more explicit instruction, particularly in interactional strategies, so that students are able to negotiate meaning by asking questions and clarifying issue, achieve shared meaning and can sustain a conversation in the L2 without having to resort to the L1.
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Segovia, Sherri Dawn. "Contributing to a literacy of the body in videogame interaction." Thesis, The University of Texas at Dallas, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3706679.
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This study deems that to play a videogame is to gain a literacy of the body. The motor aspect of human interaction with videogames has largely escaped analysis in hand-held controller interactions, yet this is a mass cultural phenomenon in which human movement is technologized and uniquely, digitally expressive. Videogames are motor imperative in some form or another; it is a condition of interaction with this medium that symbolically transposes human movement into far-flung digital action. Contrary to the assumption that full-body interactions present richer embodied experiences in videogame technology, the data reveal that subtle motoric phenomena have aesthetically significant substructures that are imaginatively unbounded, like high literacy. The subtlety of player hand-motor effort is difficult to observe and therefore describe, yet encompasses a constellation of observable dual phenomena expressed in the ties between human and digital processes. In order to better understand this human engagement with technology, this study uses a phenomenological frame as a first person research method combined with principles of linguistics and Rudolf Laban's system of movement transcription and analysis. The intention of this project is to provide a methodology for describing and analyzing this remarkable, complex human interaction with technology in order to discuss its interdisciplinary implications for designers and theorists interested in the phenomena of videogames, as well as to anchor this interactive complexity in the humanities.
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Chartier, Julien. "Analyse des stratégies intéractionnelles et des positionnements réciproques menant à la réussite de la discussion en français." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030135/document.
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Quels sont les constituants d’une participation réussie à une discussion en langue française ? Après avoir enregistré des discussions de groupe autour de sujets polémiques entre apprenants de niveau avancé en français, en Australie, un panel de francophones de leur âge a évalué vingt extraits de ces discussions en termes de réussite des échanges, et en prêtant attention à certains aspects intersectionnels de leurs comportements tels que l’entraide, la domination et leur contribution à l’avancée du débat, ces critères ayant été dégagés d'une analyse comparative des définitions de la réussite et de l'échec d'une discussion, telles que données par ces participants. Ces évaluations ont ensuite été analysées pour déterminer lesquels de ces aspects corrélaient le plus avec la réussite globale de l’échange. En situant ce projet dans une perspective pragmatique interculturelle et interactionniste, nous avons effectué une analyse multidimensionnelle des échanges jugés les plus réussis et les moins réussis afin d’identifier les stratégies intéractionnelles contribuant au succès ou à l’échec des échanges en français. Nous nous sommes notamment intéressé aux phénomènes et comportements présents dans les extraits jugés les plus réussis et absents des extraits les moins réussis, avons analysé les pistes audio des enregistrements pour accéder à une représentation visuelle de leur atmosphère sonore, avons analysé les comportements non-verbaux des participants,et avons effectué une micro-analyse de la transcription de ces mêmes extraits. Les résultats de ce projet offriront une meilleure compréhension de l'ancrage culturel des stratégies interactionnelles contribuant à la réussite ou à l'échec d'une discussion et serviront de base potentielle à l’enseignement de compétences interactionnelles en français langue secondeWhat constitutes successful participation in discussion in French? The project combines qualitative and quantitative methods to determine what behaviours constitute successful participation in French debate among learners of French. After group discussions on polemical topics among advanced learners of the language were recorded in Australia, a group of French age-peers judged the exchanges on their relative success and on aspects of interactional behaviour including the extent to which participants advanced debate, dominated and/or supported each other. These aspects were identified prior to the evaluation through a comparative analysis of definitions of a successful and a failed discussion as provided by the participants. The Francophone assessments of the recordings were then analysed to determine which of these aspects correlated with the overall success of the exchange. Building on these results, and drawing on the principles of cross-cultural pragmatics, a multidimensional interactionist analysis of the most and least successful exchanges was undertaken to identify interactional strategies contributing to the success or failure of the exchanges. This involved focussing on the various phenomena and behaviour observable in the discussions judged most successful but absent in the least successful discussions, analysing the waveform representations of the audio-recordings to determine the sound atmosphere, analysing non-verbal behaviour, and undertaking a detailed micro-analysis of the transcription of these exchanges. Results showed that advancing debate through advancing and challenging opinions was most likely to lead to the Francophones judging the discussions as successful. The most successful discussions showed participants adopting a wide range of interchangeable interactional positions in which all could successively take the lead in discussion, and consistently questioning and elaborating opinions, thus placing a clear emphasis on the co-construction of ideas. Least successful discussions as seen by the Francophones showed greater concern for facework strategies and followed a stable pattern of opinions being offered in turn but not negotiated, leading to agreement rather than debate. The sound and visual atmosphere of the discussion was also directly connected to the success of the discussion: the non-verbal behaviour analysis showed that participants in successful discussions displayed an increased use of hand gestures and maintained visual contact between the participants while the waveform analysis underlined situations of brouhaha as a recurring component of the most successful discussions. The project departs from previous studies by focusing on discussion in French as a multilayered cultural practice and therefore undertaking a multidimensional analysis to ascertain the elements that correlate with its success or failure. The findings of the project will provide a better understanding of the cultural specificity of different interactional styles, and of the cultural anchoring of interactional strategies contributing to the success or failure of a discussion. It will serve as a potential basis for teaching interactional skills and pragmatic competence in French as a second language
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Nilsson, Hanna, and Emely Malmberg. "Strategies to promote interaction." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-27565.
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The aim of this study is to investigate how teachers use strategies to promote interaction. It is our ambition to find out how teachers perceive interaction and how they think their students may benefit from their use of strategies. The sociocultural theory on learning is used as a theoretical framework for this study. This framework aligns with our research questions as well as the prior research that we present. Prior research suggeststhat in order for the students to develop a foreign language they need to be provided with an authentic context and a variety of opportunities to interact. We conducted three semi-structured interviews with qualified teachers teaching at primary school level. Our gathered results are presented under four different themes connected to our research questions. The results show that these teachers reported using strategies mostly as scaffolding and were somewhat unaware of how to define a strategy. Also, the teachers’ perception of interaction did not always align with prior research. Moreover, research suggests that students need to be taught communicative strategies explicitly in order to implement these when solving problems. Our results show that in order for this to happen the teachers need to use strategies more frequently during lessons. The major conclusions of this study are that the educators we interviewed, did not focus on using strategies as much as researchers suggest theyshould. Also, there was a misconception of what defines as interaction and we got the idea that the educators thought that planning lessons with a focus on interaction and strategies were more time consuming than using the English textbook.
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Kuszynski, Janka. "Nonverbal communication in intergenerational interactions." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17203.
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Diese Arbeit zielt darauf ab, Einblicke in die Kommunikation intergenerationaler Interaktionen zu erhalten, indem die Koordination zwischen jungen und älteren Erwachsenen betrachtet wird. Interpersonale Koordination beeinflusst Interaktionen positiv, deshalb ist die Koordination zweier Menschen der Fokus dieser Arbeit, wobei insbesondere die Abhängigkeit interpersonaler Koordination von bestimmten Kontextfaktoren studiert wird. Die Arbeit versteht die emotionale und behaviorale Mimikry, und die Synchronität zweier Interaktionspartner als Aspekte interpersonaler Koordination. Hierfür wurden mehrere Studien zur Analyse von emotionaler Mimikry (Studie 1), Synchronität und behavioraler Mimikry (Studie 2) durchgeführt. Außerdem wurde eine Zugehörigkeitsmotivation gegenüber Älteren experimentell erzeugt und anschließend emotionale Mimikry erhoben (Studie 3). Für Studien 1 und 2 interagierten junge Probanden mit einer älteren oder einer gleichaltrigen Person, die ein freudiges oder ärgerliches Ereignis erzählte. Studie 1 zeigte, dass freudige Gesichtsausdrücke immer imitiert wurden, insbesondere innerhalb gleichaltriger Interaktionen und während der freudigen Erzählung. Studie 2 zeigte mehr Synchronität innerhalb gleichaltriger als bei nicht-gleichaltrigen Interaktionen, während mehr behaviorale Mimikry bei älteren als bei jungen Interaktionspartnern gefunden wurde. Darüber hinaus veranschaulichte Studie 3, dass eine erhöhte Zugehörigkeitsmotivation gegenüber einer älteren Person das Imitiationsverhalten gegenüber der gesamten Altersgruppe positiv beeinflusste. Die Arbeit verschafft einen Einblick in intergenerationale Interaktionen, deren Ergebnisse nahelegen, dass obwohl junge Menschen generell motiviert sind mit älteren Menschen zu interagieren, bestimmte Umstände sie davon abhalten können. Allerdings konnten wir mit der Manipulation der Zugehörigkeitsmotivation einen vielversprechenden Ausblick für intergenerationale Kommunikation schaffen.This dissertation aims to unravel intergenerational communication by studying interpersonal coordination between young and older adults. Interpersonal coordination is considered to have a positive influence on interactions. Thus, this work sets out to determine whether interpersonal coordination depends on contextual factors such as the social relation context and the affective context. Several studies were conducted to assess three aspects of interpersonal coordination: Emotional mimicry (Study 1), synchrony and behavioral mimicry (Study 2). Moreover, as it was hypothesized that young adults are not motivated to affiliate with the elderly, a heightened affiliation motivation toward the elderly was experimentally created and emotional mimicry assessed subsequently (Study 3). For studies 1 and 2, young adults were invited to interact with an elderly person or with a person of the same age who recounted an emotional (happy or angry) event. Study 1 revealed mimicry of happiness expressions, particularly within same-generation interactions and during the narration of a happy event, while angry expressions were rarely displayed and not mimicked. Study 2 revealed more synchrony within same-generation compared to intergenerational interactions, whereas there was more behavioral mimicry of elderly interaction partners compared to young interaction partners. Study 3 illustrated that a heightened motivation toward an older person positively influenced mimicking behavior toward the whole age group. This dissertation provides a first step in unravelling intergenerational interactions, where findings regarding emotional mimicry and synchrony suggest that certain circumstances might prevent young adults from acting the same toward young and old individuals. However, as we were able to successfully manipulate affiliation motivation, a promising positive outlook for intergenerational communication emerged.
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Stenberg, Ulrika, and Stina Lantz. "Diskursiva handlingar och resurser i talkshows med flerpartssamtal : En samtalsanalys av tv-programmet Skavlan." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Akademin för humaniora, utbildning och samhällsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-15968.
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This paper examines the function of narrative discourse in television talk shows. Basing our analysis on five episodes of the Swedish talk show Skavlan, we illustrate how narratives are initiated and elaborated by the participants of the show. The analysis shows that the institutional roles are challanged and that the roles vary between the host ant the guests. The analysis also shows that when guests introduce and elaborate stories they use the same discursive actions and resources as the host. When participants enter an actvie role in their storytelling the hos takes a more restrained role in which he lets the the conversation evolve spontaneously. The analysis identifies yet another participant role which was not included in the studies of Ochs & Taylor and Thornborrow. The role appears when the host uses indirect form of address to both the studio audience and the overhearing audience. This role is relevant in the study of broadcast talk because of the very nature of television.
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El, Jed Mehdi. "Interactions sociales en univers virtuel : Modèles pour une interaction située." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00144856.
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La recherche proposée s'intéresse au développement d'un modèle d'interaction sociale capable de prendre en compte, en univers virtuel collaboratif, une partie de la dimension émotionnelle et sociale des interactions humaines.Dans notre approche, chaque utilisateur contrôle son propre avatar (représentation de l'utilisateur dans l'environnement virtuel) et peut prendre des décisions selon ses propres perceptions, son expertise et historique. La problématique de recherche devient donc d'offrir une solution pour maintenir un contexte d'interaction 'riche' lors de la collaboration.
Nous proposons des solutions qui permettent d'enrichir l'interaction sociale en univers virtuel. D'une part, l'interface proposée permet aux interactants d'exploiter leurs références indexicales (par exemple pointer de la main des objets de l'univers, orienter le regard vers une direction, etc.). D'autre part, notre modèle d'interaction sociale permet de produire automatiquement des comportements chez les avatars qui soient pertinents par rapport au contexte de l'interaction (par exemple distribuer le regard vers ses interlocuteurs, regarder les autres avatars en marchant, effectuer des expressions gestuelles en parlant, etc.).
Nous proposons également un modèle émotionnel pour simuler les états internes des personnages virtuels en interaction.
Ces modèles s'intègrent dans une architecture multi-agents capable de fusionner de façon 'réaliste' les actions intentionnelles décidées par l'acteur humain et les comportements non-intentionnels (produits par le modèle d'interaction sociale) comme les gestes, postures, expressions émotionnelles qui dépendent du contexte dans lequel évoluent les avatars.
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Agle, Mark. "Computer Mediated Communication: Interaction and Interactivity." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07262006-175409/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006.Title from title screen. Merrill Morris, committee chair; Jaye Atkinson, Ted Friedman, committee members. Electronic text (111 p. : iil. (some col.)) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Apr. 24, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-101).
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Mrowa, Colette. "Communication, discourse, interaction in language classes. /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm939.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Linguistics, 1997.Amendments and errata are in pocket on front end paper together with covering letter. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 168-185).
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Walther, Joseph Bart. "Relational communication in computer-mediated interaction." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185294.
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This study involved an experiment of the effects of time and communication channel--computer conferencing versus face-to-face meetings--on impression development, message personalization, and relational communication in groups. Prior research on the relational aspects of computer-mediated communication has suggested strong depersonalizing effects of the medium due to the absence of nonverbal cues. Past research is criticized for failing to incorporate temporal and developmental perspectives on information processing and relational development. In this study data were collected from, and observations made of 96 subjects assigned to computer conferencing or traditional zero-history groups of three, who completed three tasks over several weeks' time. Results showed that computer-mediated groups increased in several relational dimensions to more positive levels, and that these subsequent levels approximated those of face-to-face groups. Boundaries on the predominant theories of computer-mediated communication are recommended, and future research is suggested.
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Nielsen, Jane K. "Museum communication : learning, interaction and experience." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5770.
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'Museum Communication: Learning, Interaction and Experience' is a study of how museums have evolved and handled their communication approaches at both theoretical and practical levels. It discusses questions like; how has museum communication developed? What influences do these developments have on museology and its related disciplines? How will museum communication develop in the future? These are questions closely connected with essential concepts of learning, interaction, participation and experience, which will be discussed throughout the thesis. Learning and exhibition theories will be considered alongside discussions of epistemological and philosophical approaches, interpretation, and social development of museological research. The research forms a discourse analysis of museums' own views and opinions of these issues through replies of a questionnaire. It also focuses on specific case studies and examples in order to combine theoretical definitions and empirical approaches with museological developments. To form a deeper understanding of how museological communication is developing, the research includes interviews with professionals of philosophy and storytelling as well. Finally, the approaches are summarised in a new museum model developed from future studies. This model, called 'The Transformative Museum', identifies essential points in which museums have developed their communication practices and theories, and discusses how these may develop in the future. As the responsibilities of museum curators develop, museums have to embrace the concepts of transformation and flexibility too. Inquiries, research, learning and participation have to be transformed into all kinds of experiences in order to respond to changing needs and flexible structures of communities and societies. The transformative museum will have to acknowledge past traditions, current trends and future opportunities simultaneously in order to become a museum of both present and future relevance for all kinds of visitors and users.
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Mathis, Hilary Johanna. "The effect of pause time upon the communicative interactions of young people who use augmentative and alternative communication." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Communication Disorders, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3878.
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Minimal research exists regarding the effectiveness of pause time as an independent strategy for communication partners to support the communication of young people who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). To date, pause time has been investigated as component of a group of interaction strategies only; therefore its validity as an interaction strategy for communication partners is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of variation in pause time as an interaction strategy when communicating with young people who use AAC.
Eight participants aged 8:11 to 20:08 years (mean 16.02 years), who used a variety of AAC systems, participated in the study. Three pause time conditions were trialed during a scripted shared storybook reading task: two, 10 and 45 seconds in which to initiate a response. A total of 27 conversational turn opportunities were provided to participants over the course of the task. If no response was initiated within the pause time, the examiner moved on to the next turn opportunity. If a response was initiated, the participant was provided time to finish their turn. Turns were analyzed for percentage of responses made to a turn opportunity, mean length of utterance in words (MLU), percentage of assertive conversational acts made and the modes of communication used.
Findings of the study indicated that participants were more likely to respond to a turn opportunity when their communication partner allowed a longer pause time. Additionally, a longer pause time resulted in a higher MLU. Participants did not use a greater number of assertive conversational acts or use their AAC system over other modes of communication when provided a longer pause time. Results are discussed in relation to the current AAC literature and implications of the findings for clinicians and communication partners of young people who use AAC.
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Schroath, Kristen. "#Parasocial Interaction: Celebrity Endorsements." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1480336010417442.
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Wagle, Reena Mohan. "Non-verbal communication interaction : its effect on participation in person centered planning /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3064683.
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Battiston, Diego. "Essays on communication, social interactions and information." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2018. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3834/.
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This thesis consists of three papers in the broad field of Applied Economics. I focus on three "soft factors", namely, face-to-face communication, brief social interactions and information updates. I study on how they affect individual and organisational outcomes using different natural experiments. The first chapter provides causal evidence on how the ability to communicate face-to-face (in addition to electronic communication) can increase organisational performance. The study exploits a natural experiment within a large organisation where workers must communicate electronically with their teammates. A computerized system allocates the tasks to workers creating exogenous variation in the co-location of teammates. Workers who share the same room, can also communicate in person. The main findings are that face-to-face communication increases productivity and that this effect significantly varies across tasks, team characteristics and working environments. In the second chapter I construct a novel dataset of immigrants and ships arrived to the US in the early 20th century to study the effects of brief social interactions and their persistence over time. The chapter shows that individuals travelling (during few days) with shipmates that have better connections in the US, have higher quality jobs. Several findings are consistent with the mechanism whereby individuals get information or access to job opportunities from their shipmates. The study highlights the importance of social interactions with unknown individuals during critical life junctures. It also suggests that they are more relevant for individuals with poor access to information or weak social networks. The third chapter shows that executions cause a local and temporary reduction in serious violent crime. The interpretation of this result follows from a theoretical framework connecting information updates with the increasing 'awareness' of individuals about the consequences of crime. Consistently with the predictions of the model, the study finds that effects are stronger when media attention is high and lower in places with high propensity to apply the death penalty.
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Anjum, Chaudhary. "Learner’s Interaction With Information and Communication Technologies." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-44994.
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This Master’s thesis aims to explore how children and teen-agers (i.e. learners) interact and create a use for information and communication technology in the classroom during their lectures. The study is based on distributed cognition theory in order to describe a cognitive system which involves interactions among humans (i.e. learners), artifacts which they use (i.e. information and communication technology active boards) and the environment in which they interact (i.e. a classroom). User’s (such as the children, teen-agers and teachers) interaction with information and communication technology can lead towards new and important ways of invention in the classroom. No doubt the ideas, thoughts and vision of these users (such as children and teenagers) are very important which can change an environment that supports learning. The Distributed Cognition Approach is a widely acknowledged approach, but it is less commonly applied in order to observe learner’s (such as children and teen-agers) interaction with information and communication technologies in their learning setting. Therefore this study aims to explore the children and teen-agers interaction with the information and communication technology active boards by using distributed cognition theory which can be expressed as important and interesting for the researchers, designers and developers in evaluating, designing and developing effective interactive technologies that supports better education. Through an empirical case study, qualitative data have been collected using interviews and observations. Based on related research, related theory, qualitative results and analysis, a conclusion is presented which shows that (with the help of the analysis of distributed cognition theory) the information and communication technology active boards seems to engage the children and teen-ager’s to collaborative learning activities which supports collaboration and shared knowledge. It helps to capture their concentration towards learning which can increase the opportunities and possibilities of better learning results related to their education. The distributed cognition approach provides an analytic and investigative methodology in order to examine the learner’s interactions with artifacts which are difficult with other traditional methodologies to the analysis of cognitive-tasks. This approach highlights the complicated interdependencies among learners and artifacts in collaborative learning activities.
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Chatwin, John. "Communication in homoeopathic therapeutic encounters." Thesis, University of York, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14170/.
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Jacob, Staffan. "Microbiome, communication and reproduction : host-microbiome interactions and parent-offspring communication in birds." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU30166.
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Les interactions entre les hôtes et leur microbiome sont probablement responsables de l'évolution de divers traits d'histoire de vie des hôtes. Pourtant, des approches expérimentales supportant cette hypothèse manquent encore. Dans cette thèse, nous avons étudié expérimentalement les effets du microbiome sur les coûts de la reproduction, le développement des jeunes, la communication et les défenses antimicrobiennes chez la mésange charbonnière (Parus major). Tout d'abord, nous montrons que le microbiome est impliqué dans la production par l'hôte des dommages oxydants inhérents à l'investissement dans la reproduction. Deuxièmement, nous avons trouvé que les femelles ajustent leur investissement en caroténoïdes dans leurs œufs en fonction de leur microbiome, et que l'exposition microbienne affecte la croissance des jeunes et leur condition à l'envol. Troisièmement, nous résultats suggèrent que les microorganismes ne dégradent pas la coloration du plumage chez des oiseaux sauvages, mais que l'exposition à des microorganismes lors de la reproduction influence l'investissement dans de nouvelles plumes durant la mue suivante. Finalement, nous avons montré que les mésanges modifient leur investissement dans leur glande uropygienne, un organe externe impliqué dans la régulation des microorganismes du plumage, en fonction de leur microbiome. Cette stratégie antimicrobienne qui diffère entre sexes pourrait alors permettre de réguler le microbiome du plumage. Nos résultats fournissent donc la première démonstration expérimentale de l'hypothèse stipulant que le microbiome joue un rôle dans l'évolution de traits d'histoire de vie des hôtesHost-microbiome interactions have been pointed out to be potentially responsible for the evolution of numerous life history traits throughout the animal kingdom. However, experimental approaches are still lacking to support this hypothesis. In this thesis, we experimentally investigated the effects of the microbiome on the costs of reproduction, nestling development, communication and antimicrobial defences in Great tits (Parus major). Firstly, we showed that the microbiome mediated host oxidative damages inherent to investment in reproduction. Secondly, we found that females adjusted their investment of carotenoids in eggs depending on their microbiome, and that microbial exposure affected nestling growth and condition at fledging. Thirdly, our results suggest that microorganisms did not degrade feather colouration in wild birds, but microbial exposure during reproduction affected investment in new feathers during the following moult. Finally, we found that birds modified their investment in the uropygial gland, an external organ involved in the regulation of feather microbial communities, according to their microbiome. This antimicrobial strategy that differs between sexes could thus allowed regulation of feather microbiome. Our results consequently provide the first experimental evidence for the hypothesis that the microbiome plays a role in the evolution of host life history traits
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Mann, Supreet. "From Family to Friend: Family Communication Patterns and the Impact on Young Adults' Family Interaction via Facebook." Scholarly Commons, 2016. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/196.
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In recent years there has been a marked shift from face-to-face communication to computer-mediated communication. This shift has also led to changes in the way families communicate as, more often than ever, social media sites are becoming a primary means of communication for a number of groups. The relationship between family communication patterns and offline interaction has long been studied. However, there is a marked scarcity in research examining the relationship between family communication patterns and online interaction. Data collected from a group-administered survey of 246 undergraduate students was used to examine eleven hypotheses related to family communication patterns, self-esteem, social media use, and online/offline family interaction. Family communication patterns were labeled as either high conversation-orientation or high conformity-orientation. Existing research suggests that these communication patterns are inversely related and a correlation analysis in this study supports this notion. The results indicate that there is a positive correlation between high conversation-orientation families and both online and offline family interaction as well as measures of self-esteem. Additionally, the results indicate that there is a negative correlation between high conformity-orientation families and offline family interaction. No significant correlations were found between high conformity-orientation families and either self-esteem or online family interaction. Future research should consider motivations behind actions as this may significantly impact how respondents view and evaluate their interaction patterns.
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Sauvadet, Anne-Laure. "Interactions entre ciliés et métazoaires dans deux environnements marins contrastés : les sources hydrothermales et les sédiments anoxiques." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.sb-roscoff.fr/images/stories/sbr/Edition-communication/theses/these_sauvadet.pdf.
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Les communautés d’eucaryotes unicellulaires associées à des métazoaires endémiques de deux environnements marins, les sources hydrothermales et les sédiments marins côtiers, ont été caractérisées par des études moléculaires et microscopiques. Ce travail de recherche a permis i) de caractériser et de comparer la distribution des communautés d’eucaryotes unicellulaires associées à différents environnements marins profonds, ii) de mettre en évidence de nouveaux clades, notamment chez les ciliés détectés dans les bivalves hydrothermaux, iii) de redéfinir et de comparer la distribution d’un groupe particulier de ciliés, les astomes, retrouvé uniquement en interaction avec des polychètes, iv) de mettre en évidence dans ces astomes endocommensaux, un troisième degré d’interaction représenté par des bactéries endocytoplasmiques. Ainsi, cette étude montre qu’une majorité d’eucaryotes unicellulaires détectés au niveau des sources hydrothermales sont des organismes cosmopolites des océans. Cependant, des niches écologiques distinctes et stables, représentées par les bivalves endémiques, abritent des communautés de ciliés plus spécifiques. De plus, les polychètes Cirratulidae retrouvés dans les sédiments côtiers réduits abritent un modèle d’interaction tripartite composé d’astomes endocommensaux associés à des bactéries endocytoplasmiques. Ces endosymbiontes sont phylogénétiquement très éloignés des organismes déjà décrits, et pourraient être ainsi les témoins d’une histoire évolutive commune. Ces nouveaux modèles d’étude ouvrent le champ des interactions entre eucaryotes et bactéries
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Berg, Håkon Nergaard. "Enhanced communication support between control room and field operation : Human communication and interaction." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for teknisk kybernetikk, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-16747.
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Communication between the field operator and the control room operator is vital for successful operation in the process industry. By reviewing models for human cognition and interpersonal communication and collaboration together with appropriate ~technology, concepts for enhancing the field operator/control room operator communication are developed. These concepts constitutes the basis for design and implementation of a working prototype. The prototype is utilizing a mobile device with wireless networking abilities.Evaluation of the concepts concludes that they most likely will enhance communication and decrease erroneous decisions because of higher system awareness and better mental models. This is achieved by introducing data to an operator from the system context of the other operator. The prototype also increases the communication abilities by allowing the operators to interact with each other through pointing and drawing.
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Spencer, Hannah Louise. "Salmonella-Host Communication : Interactions with Neuroendocrine Stress Hormones." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.512213.
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Fourquet-Courbet, Marie-Pierre. "LA COMMUNICATION MEDIATIQUE : INTERACTIONS HUMAINES ET SOCIALES MEDIATISEES." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université d'Avignon, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00619635.
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Ce mémoire d'HDR propose d'abord une mise en perspective théorique et épistémologique de dix années de recherches que j'ai menées sur la communication médiatique. Il explicite également ma posture dans le champ des SIC et mes choix théoriques, épistémologiques et méthodologiques. La communication médiatique est considérée comme une forme d'interactions humaines et sociales médiatisées. Suivant une perspective théorique générale interactionnelle, mes recherches, empiriques et interdisciplinaires, s'intéressent à trois types d'interactions complémentaires. Le premier type d'interactions, médiates, est celui des " esprits " des sujets sociaux producteurs et récepteurs se réalisant via le dispositif médiatique. Les sujets sociaux dotés d'intentionnalité génèrent ou activent, explicitement ou implicitement, des représentations liées aux autres acteurs impliqués. En fonction du contexte, des enjeux et de ce qu'ils savent des raisons qui sous-tendent l'existence du phénomène de communication, les uns et les autres infèrent des intentions communicationnelles. Le deuxième type d'interactions se réalise entre les sujets sociaux en production et le dispositif médiatique. En tenant compte des conditions sociales de production collective, les dispositifs médiatiques sont issus de la mise en œuvre de savoir-faire qui répondent à des intentions, c'est-à-dire à un but ou à une volonté de produire un effet en réception. J'étudie les interactions entre les producteurs et différents dispositifs médiatiques : conception de dispositifs de communication pour lutter contre les incendies de forêt (communication environnementale), création d'e-publicités, utilisation d'Internet pour influencer les contextes juridiques et politiques (via notamment le discours et les " stratégies rhétoriques "). Le troisième type d'interactions a lieu entre le sujet social en réception et le dispositif médiatique. Au moment ou après le contact avec le dispositif, le récepteur co-construit du sens en fonction du contexte, des éléments figurant dans le dispositif et des intentions perçues du producteur. Mes travaux portent sur les interactions entre les récepteurs et plusieurs catégories de dispositifs médiatiques : diffusion d'événements socio-médiatiques " hors du commun " (mort de Michael Jackson, attentats du 11 septembre 2001 à New York), publicités sur Internet, communication politique télévisée. En donnant le primat aux sujets sociaux, j'étudie leurs processus socio-cognitifs et socio-affectifs, plus ou moins contrôlés, par lesquels ils interagissent entre eux et avec des dispositifs médiatiques. Une partie de mes travaux consiste donc à développer des méthodes pour " pister " et étudier ces processus. Ces méthodes sont essentiellement fondées sur le langage, considéré comme porteur des traces de l'intentionnalité du sujet social et comme observable des traitements contrôlés en mémoire explicite. Je présente également une méthode permettant d'accéder aux traitements automatiques " non conscients " en mémoire implicite, avec des marqueurs non langagiers : les temps de réponse. Ainsi, ayant travaillé sur les traitements contrôlés et automatiques du sujet social, en production et en réception, avec des démarches herméneutiques mais aussi expérimentales, je me positionne en faveur d'une pluralité théorique et épistémologique en SIC. Outre cette mise en perspective de mes travaux, je trace dans ce mémoire les contours d'un programme de recherches empiriques sur la communication médiatique en tant qu'interactions humaines et sociales médiatisées. Plusieurs pistes de recherche, de collaborations et d'encadrements de jeunes chercheurs se dessinent autour (1) des différents objets de recherche que peut intégrer ce programme (toute communication médiatique d'organisations publiques ou privées ayant des visées d'influence explicite ou implicite) et (2) des différents angles et échelles d'observation des interactions entre les sujets sociaux et le dispositif médiatique.
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Drugge, Mikael. "Interaction aspects of wearable computing for human communication." Doctoral thesis, Luleå : Media Technology Research Group, Luleå University of Technology, 2006. http://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1544/2006/60/.
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Morse, E. Brandon. "Interaction, communication, and inluence in computer-generated environments." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1389348748.
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Budiman, Adrian M. "Virtual Online Communities: A Study of Internet Based Community Interactions." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1215559506.
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Peters, Mary T. "The effects of an aided communication device on the communicative interactions of preschool students with disabilities and their age-mate peers /." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487779120908518.
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Ranava, David. "Etude d'un consortium microbien producteur d'hydrogène : de l'interaction inter-bactérienne au bioréacteur." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4700.
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Dans la nature, les microorganismes s’organisent en communauté où la concertation de leur métabolisme leur permet de coloniser des endroits peu propices. La biodégradation de la matière organique nécessite un couplage métabolique entre les différents microorganismes impliqués et constitue un modèle de choix pour l'étude des interactions où leurs relations restent mal définies et nécessitent d’être mieux caractérisées. Le décryptage du mécanisme mis en jeu permettrait d'optimiser la production de composés bioénergétiques comme l'hydrogène. Nous avons étudié un consortium composé de Desulfovibris vulgaris Hildenborough, une bactérie sulfato-réductrice et de Clostridium acetobutylicum, une bactérie fermentaire. Ces deux bactéries sont retrouvées dans des consortia naturels impliqués dans la dégradation de la biomasse. Des approches de microbiologie, de métabolisme et de microscopie ont permis de démontrer l’existence d’une interaction physique et d'un échange de molécules cytoplasmiques entre les deux bactéries. Ceci s'associe à une réorientation du flux de carbone dans la bactérie C. acetobutylicum qui se traduit par une production d’hydrogène accrue. Ce comportement est lié aux conditions de stress nutritionnel pour la bactérie D. vulgaris. De plus, des molécules signal de type AI-2 jouent un rôle important dans la mise place de l'interaction physique. Un inhibiteur de cette interaction, produit par D. vulgaris dans certaines conditions, a été découvert. Ce travail a permis d'acquérir de nouvelles connaissances sur les relations métaboliques et les interactions physiques entre les bactéries impliquées dans la biodégradation de la biomasse dans un consortiumIn nature microorganisms live in communities, in which the complementarity of their metabolism allows them to colonize less favourable ecological niches. Biodegradation of organic matter requires tight metabolic coupling between the different microorganisms involved, and constitutes an ideal model for studying the interactions between them, which are still not well established and require further characterization. Furthermore, deciphering the metabolic couplings established between the partners would allow optimization of this process for production of compounds of biotechnological interest, such as hydrogen. During the course of this work we have studied an artificial consortium constituted by Desulfovibris vulgaris Hildenborough sulphate-reducing bacterium, and Clostridium acetobutylicum a fermentative bacterium; both of them are found in natural consortia involved in biomass degradation. Microbiological, metabolic and microscopic approaches allowed us to show the existence of a physical interaction, with exchange of cytoplasmic molecules, between the two bacteria. This is associated with reorientation of the carbon flux in Clostridium acetobutylicum, resulting in increased hydrogen production. This behaviour is linked with the nutritional stress of D. vulgaris. Moreover, AI-2 type signal molecules produced in these conditions are crucial for the physical interaction between the two bacterial partners. An inhibitor produced by D. vulgaris in certain conditions has been discovered. This work has allowed us to acquire new knowledge about metabolic relations and physical interactions between bacteria involved in biomass degradation in a consortium