Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Interaction similarity'
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Jurgenson, Eric Donald. "Applications of the Similarity Renormalization Group to the Nuclear Interaction." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250105855.
Full textShen, Bin. "Explicating para-social interaction how para-social interaction interact with identification, similarity, affinity/liking, and imitation /." Thesis, [Tuscaloosa, Ala. : University of Alabama Libraries], 2009. http://purl.lib.ua.edu/60.
Full textWang, Chao, and Han Pan. "Visualization of Text Duplicates in Documents." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5408.
Full textIn this thesis, a tool to visualize duplicate parts in a series of given documents is developed.
Text duplicates are very common nowadays in all fields. This behavior severelyharms the rights of the original authors though it facilitates the work of those whocopy from them. Effective legal measures have been taken when it comes to copyrightissue. An increasing large number of people have paid serious attention to what theywrite when they refer to other people's works. Although references are properly madeby many who admire and respect others' achievements, plagiarism takes place all thetime. Therefore, an intuitive way of visualizing duplicate parts is needed so thatpeople can easily grasp the purpose and decide the legality of those duplicates. Whenit comes to computer science, software clone is very typical phenomenon amongdifferent development groups or even within one group. Since a piece of softwareusually have its hierarchy, it is also interesting to group members when they do aclone detection of their own or other software. For example, if a good overview of thehierarchies is provided in a tree representation, one can easily locate the clones of aparticular node in other trees. More interaction techniques can allow concrete codeaccesses through double clicking on a highlighted node.
To visualize duplicate parts in a nice and intuitive way, a visualization tool isdeveloped for this thesis project. By the time it is done, the following features shouldbe fulfilled. First, the tool can visualize similar or identical parts given a data set.Second, hierarchies of those files can be demonstrated with proper layout. Third, theuser can manipulate the data items on the screen in order to get a better insight of thedata set and help with analysis tasks. Forth, different levels of abstraction areprovided so that the user can either get an overview of all the files or specificallycheck the duplicate parts in the documents of interest.
Visualization of Text Duplicates in Documents
Lei, Antonio. "Do hometown and gender similarity enahnce supportive peer relationship? The interaction effect of cooperative goal." Thesis, University of Macau, 2008. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1950732.
Full textAronson, Olov. "Likhetsteorin : En teoretisk utveckling av Collins interaktionsritualer." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för sociala och psykologiska studier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-33306.
Full textThe subject of the thesis originates in the discovery of a pattern in Collins’ theory of interaction rituals. The pattern indicates that several important ideas and concepts in Collins’ theory can be conceived as individuals’ experiences of similarity. Based upon the discovery of this pattern, the aim of the thesis is to develop the basic features of a new theory that explains interaction rituals by centering upon individuals’ experiences of similarity. In order to accomplish the aim, the essay discusses four aspects of interaction rituals. In connection to the first aspect, an explanation is presented that reveals why individuals who experience similarity give each other support in their interaction rituals. Discussing the second aspect, the concept of effervescence of similarity is presented, which explains why experiences of similarity are crucial for generating emotional energy in interaction rituals. When developing the third aspect, a complete description of similarity theory is presented. Similarity theory explains interaction rituals by referring to individuals’ experiences of similarity. Finally, in the discussion of the fourth aspect, similarity theory is tested against empirical research. The concluding sections argue for ways in which similarity theory may contribute considerably to the understanding of interaction rituals. Also, suggestions for further research are presented.
James, Brian M. "Ethnic identity among people of Mexican descent : a comparison of self reference, perception of similarity, and interaction preference /." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06112009-063347/.
Full textMuhammad, Fuad Muhammad Marwan. "Similarity Search in High-dimensional Spaces with Applications to Time Series Data Mining and Information Retrieval." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne Sud, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00619953.
Full textRowley, James R. "Is long-term relationship satisfaction in couples correlated with similar partner self-schema or similarity of partner's self-schema to ideal-partner schema?" CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1109.
Full textHansson, Sofia, and Joanna Lövquist. "Samspelet mellan finansiella rådgivare och kunder." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Institutionen för ekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-8260.
Full textBakgrund: Tidigare studier fokuserar på kundnöjdhet och kundlojalitet. Däremot saknas studier kring samspelet mellan finansiell rådgivare och kund. Därför har vi valt att fokusera på denna kunskapslucka Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att belysa hur samspelet mellan finansiella rådgivare och kunder påverkar den finansiella rådgivningen vid ett investeringsbeslut. Metod: Uppsatsen har positivistisk undersökningsfilosofi då mönster hittades med hjälp av en undersökning. Vidare är uppsatsen kvantitativ eftersom den är mätbar och att den har undersökt om det finns några samband mellan den finansiella rådgivarens och kundens demografiska egenskaper samt om dessa påverkar rådgivningen. Slutsats: Teorierna thin-slicing och similarity attraction paradigm kan inte tillämpas i samspelet mellan finansiella rådgivare och kunder.
Barbany, Puig Montserrat. "Three Dimensional Simulitary of Molecules with biological interest on the basis of molecular interaction potentials." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7146.
Full textL'èxit d'aquestes tècniques depen críticament de la qualitat de la descripció molecular. En aquest sentit, metodologies basades en potencials d'interacció molecular (MIP) són eines útils per la comparació de compostos que presenten comportaments biològics semblants.
Aquest projecte desenvolupa eines per comparar molècules basades en la caracterització de llurs MIPs. El programa de similaritat molecular MIPsim ha estat desenvolupat i aplicat a diferents problemes biològics.
Aquesta tesi consisteix en quatre estudis científics que mostren l'ús del MIPSim en aliniament molecular, catalisi enzimàtica, en acoratge de molècules dins el lligand i en estudis 3D-QSAR.
One of the most promising areas in biomedical and pharmaceutical research is computer assisted molecular design, which tries to stablish relationships between physicochemical properties and biological activity.
The success of these techniques depends critically on the quality of the molecular description. In this sense, methodologies based on molecular interaction potentials (MIP) are useful tools for the comparison of compounds displaying related biological behaviours.
This project aims to develop tools to compare 'molecules based on the characterization 'of their MIPs. To this end, the molecular similarity program MIPSim has been further developed and applied to different biological problems.
This thesis consists on four scientific studies showing the use of MIPSim for molecular alignment, enzymatic catalysis, ligand-protein docking and 3D-QSAR analyses.
Voland, Mathieu. "Algorithmes pour la prédiction in silico d'interactions par similarité entre macromolécules biologiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV014/document.
Full textThe action of a drug, or another small biomolecule, is induced by chemical interactions with other macromolecules such as proteins regulating the cell functions. The determination of the set of targets, the macromolecules that could bind the same small molecule, is essential in order to understand molecular mechanisms responsible for the effects of a drug. Indeed, this knowledge could help the drug design process so as to avoid side effects or to find new applications for known drugs. The advances of structural biology provides us with three-dimensional representations of many proteins involved in these interactions, motivating the use of in silico tools to complement or guide further in vitro or in vivo experiments which are both more expansive and time consuming.This research is conducted as part of a collaboration between the DAVID laboratory of the Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, and Bionext SA which offers a software suite to visualize and analyze chemical interactions between biological molecules. The objective is to design an algorithm to predict these interactions for a given compound, using the structures of potential targets. More precisely, starting from a known interaction between a drug and a protein, a new interaction can be inferred with another sufficiently similar protein. This approach consists in the search of a given pattern, the known binding site, across a collection of macromolecules.An algorithm was implemented, BioBind, which rely on a topological representation of the surface of the macromolecules based on the alpha shapes theory. Our surface representation allows to define a concept of region of any shape on the surface. In order to tackle the search of a given pattern region, a heuristic has been developed, consisting in the definition of regular region which is an approximation of a geodesic disk. This circular shape allows for an exhaustive sampling and fast comparison, and any circular region can then be extended to the actual pattern to provide a similarity evaluation with the query binding site.The target prediction problem is formalized as a binary classification problem, where a set of macromolecules is being separated between those predicted to interact and the others, based on their local similarity with the known target. With this point of view, classic metrics can be used to assess performance, and compare our approach with others. Three datasets were used, two of which were extracted from the literature and the other one was designed specifically for our problem emphasizing the pharmacological relevance of the chosen molecules. Our algorithm proves to be more efficient than another state-of-the-art similarity based approach, and our analysis confirms that docking software are not relevant for our target prediction problem when a first target is known, according to our metric
Maaß, Ulrike. "The narcissism in situations framework for the study of narcissism in social interactions." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17603.
Full textThe present dissertation presents a conceptual framework for the study of narcissism in social interactions (NARCissism In Situations: NARCIS). This framework differentiates between situation-invariant variables (e.g., trait narcissism) and situation-varying variables (e.g., positive feedback) for the prediction of narcissistic behavior. It built the theoretical basis for three studies that were placed along the time line of social interactions (i.e., at the beginning, in the daily intercourse, and within long-term friendships). Study 1 examined whether the manifestation of individual differences in narcissism reduce in situations that include strong cues for the appropriateness of self-promotional behavior, as trait activation theory (Tett & Burnett, 2003) would expect. It was concluded that the grandiose core of narcissism was insensitive to the influence of situation-varying variables in terms of cue strength for self-promotion. Study 2 investigated narcissism within social interactions in everyday life following an experience-sampling design in three consecutive substudies. In contrast to the findings from the first study, results of Study 2 showed that there was a strong situational influence on the expression of state narcissism - regardless of the individual’s narcissism trait level. For example, both negative social feedback and positive feedback increased state narcissism levels due to ego protection or ego boosting mechanisms. The results question the role of trait self-esteem but underscore the importance of state self-esteem on state narcissism. Last but not least, Study 3 demonstrated that with increasing distinctive similarity (i.e., the similarity in the two friends’ norm-deviating parts) in narcissism of two best friends’ their distinctive similarities in their Big Five profiles augmented as well. Implications for situation-specific aspects of narcissism within long-term friendships are discussed.
Matsumiya, Kentaro. "Destabilization of protein-based emulsions caused by bacteriostatic emulsifiers." Master's thesis, Kyoto University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/188746.
Full text0048
新制・論文博士
博士(農学)
乙第12820号
論農博第2793号
新制||農||1025(附属図書館)
学位論文||H26||N4815(農学部図書室)
31307
京都大学農学研究科農学専攻
(主査)教授 松村 康生, 教授 裏出 令子, 教授 安達 修二
学位規則第4条第2項該当
Voland, Alice. "Algorithmes pour la prédiction in silico d'interactions par similarité entre macromolécules biologiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV014.
Full textThe action of a drug, or another small biomolecule, is induced by chemical interactions with other macromolecules such as proteins regulating the cell functions. The determination of the set of targets, the macromolecules that could bind the same small molecule, is essential in order to understand molecular mechanisms responsible for the effects of a drug. Indeed, this knowledge could help the drug design process so as to avoid side effects or to find new applications for known drugs. The advances of structural biology provides us with three-dimensional representations of many proteins involved in these interactions, motivating the use of in silico tools to complement or guide further in vitro or in vivo experiments which are both more expansive and time consuming.This research is conducted as part of a collaboration between the DAVID laboratory of the Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, and Bionext SA which offers a software suite to visualize and analyze chemical interactions between biological molecules. The objective is to design an algorithm to predict these interactions for a given compound, using the structures of potential targets. More precisely, starting from a known interaction between a drug and a protein, a new interaction can be inferred with another sufficiently similar protein. This approach consists in the search of a given pattern, the known binding site, across a collection of macromolecules.An algorithm was implemented, BioBind, which rely on a topological representation of the surface of the macromolecules based on the alpha shapes theory. Our surface representation allows to define a concept of region of any shape on the surface. In order to tackle the search of a given pattern region, a heuristic has been developed, consisting in the definition of regular region which is an approximation of a geodesic disk. This circular shape allows for an exhaustive sampling and fast comparison, and any circular region can then be extended to the actual pattern to provide a similarity evaluation with the query binding site.The target prediction problem is formalized as a binary classification problem, where a set of macromolecules is being separated between those predicted to interact and the others, based on their local similarity with the known target. With this point of view, classic metrics can be used to assess performance, and compare our approach with others. Three datasets were used, two of which were extracted from the literature and the other one was designed specifically for our problem emphasizing the pharmacological relevance of the chosen molecules. Our algorithm proves to be more efficient than another state-of-the-art similarity based approach, and our analysis confirms that docking software are not relevant for our target prediction problem when a first target is known, according to our metric
PINARDI, STEFANO. "Movements recognition with intelligent multisensor analysis." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/19297.
Full textCarlucci, Marcos Bergmann. "Padrões funcionais de organização de árvores juvenis em manchas florestais na serra do sudeste do Rio Grande do Sul." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/30192.
Full textEcologists have considered niche theory one of the most relevant perspectives attempting to explain ecological community assembly. It is divided in two research programs with opposed philosophies. The first emphasises that differences in functional attributes of organisms enable their coexistence, whereas the second evaluate to which extent members of a same community tend to exhibit similarity regarding their functional traits. A variety of analytical methods have been developed for assessing mechanisms related to each of these processes. By exploring the trait distribution pattern in communities, it is generally accepted that the local action of environmental filters generates a pattern of trait convergence, whereas limiting similarity leads to trait divergence. In this sense, the method for discriminating traitconvergence and trait-divergence assembly patterns in the metacommunity context is of great value. In this dissertation, such approach is used for evaluating convergence and divergence patterns of tree sapling traits in forest patches in the Serra do Sudeste region of Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil. We did not include phylogenetic or species identity information in the analysis since we wanted to evaluate to which extent an entirely functional approach could explain community patterns. The study was carried out in Serra do Sudeste, which consists of a forest-grassland mosaic relatively well conserved. Something puzzling in Serra do Sudeste is the presence of conifers such as Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze and Podocarpus lambertii Klotzsch ex Endl. in several forest patches. These species are characteristic of the Araucaria forest occurring in the South-Brazilian Plateau. Such occurrence has been matter of a long-lasting debate in the regional literature, but no ecological study done in these areas has been published yet. In this dissertation I aimed at advancing on the theoretical bases of community assembly and at gathering data for continuously evaluating the ecological dynamics of the forest-grassland mosaics with presence of A. angustifolia in Serra do Sudeste. The results revealed both trait convergence and divergence patterns, which indicated mechanisms for the assembly of tree sapling communities. The entirely functional approach applied here was very useful to infer probable mechanisms underlying community assembly. We argue that the use of individual-based trait information in a metacommunity context is the best way to directly explore how trait convergence and trait divergence behave along a given gradient. With regard to the austral boundary of Araucaria angustifolia distribution, if the patches of Serra do Sudeste are considered native, there would be a disjunct occurrence of the species and perhaps of the vegetational type Araucaria forest. This issue is especially important regarding a possible migration of the species or even of the typical associated flora southwards, or alternatively, regarding a possible relict evidence that the species had continuously occurred along such latitudes in a remote past. Nonetheless, the resolution of this puzzle probably only will be achieved through genetic and paleopollen studies. Anyway, such areas must be protected as their omission in important scientific studies facilitates the negligence of their conservation.
Saeednia, Shahrokh. "Zero Useful Knowledge Interactive Proofs of Similarity." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212539.
Full textAlfraidi, Hanadi Humoud A. "Interactive System for Scientific Publication Visualization and Similarity Measurement based on Citation Network." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33135.
Full textChiesa, Luca. "Development of artificial intelligence methods to help the design of new ligands of G-protein coupled receptors." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAF020.
Full textG-protein coupled receptor represent one of the most important protein families for drug discovery. Computer aided drug design techniques have been extensively applied to target members of this family, leading to the discovery of multiple bioactive molecules. This thesis describes the development, testing, and application of different computational and machine learning tools to assist in the discovery of new compounds with a desired pharmacological profile. Different aspects of the in silico drug discovery pipeline were covered in this work, from the modelling of a target protein, to the systematic evaluation of molecules identified by virtual screening
Helgadóttir, Hanna Sigrún. "Using semantic similarity measures across Gene Ontology to predict protein-protein interactions." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-971.
Full textLiving cells are controlled by proteins and genes that interact through complex molecular pathways to achieve a specific function. Therefore, determination of protein-protein interaction is fundamental for the understanding of the cell’s lifecycle and functions. The function of a protein is also largely determined by its interactions with other proteins. The amount of protein-protein interaction data available has multiplied by the emergence of large-scale technologies for detecting them, but the drawback of such measures is the relatively high amount of noise present in the data. It is time consuming to experimentally determine protein-protein interactions and therefore the aim of this project is to create a computational method that predicts interactions with high sensitivity and specificity. Semantic similarity measures were applied across the Gene Ontology terms assigned to proteins in S. cerevisiae to predict protein-protein interactions. Three semantic similarity measures were tested to see which one performs best in predicting such interactions. Based on the results, a method that predicts function of proteins in connection with connectivity was devised. The results show that semantic similarity is a useful measure for predicting protein-protein interactions.
Garutti, Claudio. "Prediction of Protein-Ligand and Protein-Protein Interactions based on Local Surface Similarity." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426155.
Full textLa struttura tridimensionale di una proteina determina la sua funzione. Questa tesi descrive una suite di metodi per il problema del riconoscimento di siti di legame di proteine, basati su una rappresentazione a spin-images della supercie molecolare. Una procedura per l'identicazione di cavita' integrata con una procedura per il riconoscimento di regioni simili in due proteine, e applicata al confronto delle cavita' di due proteine, il confronto all-to-all pairwise di un insieme di cavita', e il riconoscimento di siti di legame multipli in una cavita'. I metodi presentato possono essere usati per analizzare vaste collezioni di proteine.
Wendt, Kyle Andrew. "Advances in the Application of the Similarity Renormalization Group to Strongly Interacting Systems." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1375205117.
Full textFangerau, Jens [Verfasser], and Heike [Akademischer Betreuer] Leitte. "Interactive Similarity Analysis for 3D+t Cell Trajectory Data / Jens Fangerau ; Betreuer: Heike Leitte." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1180301900/34.
Full textWatson, Paul. "Calculating the knowledge-based similarity and complementarity of functional groups based on their non-bonded interactions." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392463.
Full textYella, Jaswanth. "Machine Learning-based Prediction and Characterization of Drug-drug Interactions." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin154399419112613.
Full textMatthews, Chad Robert. "Host Bacterial Interactions During Early Plaque Formation in Current and Never Smokers." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1274112198.
Full textAlborzi, Seyed Ziaeddin. "Automatic Discovery of Hidden Associations Using Vector Similarity : Application to Biological Annotation Prediction." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0035/document.
Full textThis thesis presents: 1) the development of a novel approach to find direct associations between pairs of elements linked indirectly through various common features, 2) the use of this approach to directly associate biological functions to protein domains (ECDomainMiner and GODomainMiner), and to discover domain-domain interactions, and finally 3) the extension of this approach to comprehensively annotate protein structures and sequences. ECDomainMiner and GODomainMiner are two applications to discover new associations between EC Numbers and GO terms to protein domains, respectively. They find a total of 20,728 and 20,318 non-redundant EC-Pfam and GO-Pfam associations, respectively, with F-measures of more than 0.95 with respect to a “Gold Standard” test set extracted from InterPro. Compared to around 1500 manually curated associations in InterPro, ECDomainMiner and GODomainMiner infer a 13-fold increase in the number of available EC-Pfam and GO-Pfam associations. These function-domain associations are then used to annotate thousands of protein structures and millions of protein sequences for which their domain composition is known but that currently lack experimental functional annotations. Using inferred function-domain associations and considering taxonomy information, thousands of annotation rules have automatically been generated. Then, these rules have been utilized to annotate millions of protein sequences in the TrEMBL database
Michaud, Dorian. "Indexation bio-inspirée pour la recherche d'images par similarité." Thesis, Poitiers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018POIT2288/document.
Full textImage Retrieval is still a very active field of image processing as the number of available image datasets continuously increases.One of the principal objectives of Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is to return the most similar images to a given query with respect to their visual content.Our work fits in a very specific application context: indexing small expert image datasets, with no prior knowledge on the images. Because of the image complexity, one of our contributions is the choice of effective descriptors from literature placed in direct competition.Two strategies are used to combine features: a psycho-visual one and a statistical one.In this context, we propose an unsupervised and adaptive framework based on the well-known bags of visual words and phrases models that select relevant visual descriptors for each keypoint to construct a more discriminative image representation.Experiments show the interest of using this this type of methodologies during a time when convolutional neural networks are ubiquitous.We also propose a study about semi interactive retrieval to improve the accuracy of CBIR systems by using the knowledge of the expert users
Smith, Morgan M. Mr. "The Role of Wave Self-Similarity in Nearshore Wave Spectra." UNF Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/787.
Full textAlborzi, Seyed Ziaeddin. "Automatic Discovery of Hidden Associations Using Vector Similarity : Application to Biological Annotation Prediction." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0035.
Full textThis thesis presents: 1) the development of a novel approach to find direct associations between pairs of elements linked indirectly through various common features, 2) the use of this approach to directly associate biological functions to protein domains (ECDomainMiner and GODomainMiner), and to discover domain-domain interactions, and finally 3) the extension of this approach to comprehensively annotate protein structures and sequences. ECDomainMiner and GODomainMiner are two applications to discover new associations between EC Numbers and GO terms to protein domains, respectively. They find a total of 20,728 and 20,318 non-redundant EC-Pfam and GO-Pfam associations, respectively, with F-measures of more than 0.95 with respect to a “Gold Standard” test set extracted from InterPro. Compared to around 1500 manually curated associations in InterPro, ECDomainMiner and GODomainMiner infer a 13-fold increase in the number of available EC-Pfam and GO-Pfam associations. These function-domain associations are then used to annotate thousands of protein structures and millions of protein sequences for which their domain composition is known but that currently lack experimental functional annotations. Using inferred function-domain associations and considering taxonomy information, thousands of annotation rules have automatically been generated. Then, these rules have been utilized to annotate millions of protein sequences in the TrEMBL database
Saikia, Himangshu. "Comparison and Tracking Methods for Interactive Visualization of Topological Structures in Scalar Fields." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Beräkningsvetenskap och beräkningsteknik (CST), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-216375.
Full textQC 20171020
Kouomou-Choupo, Anicet. "Améliorer la recherche par similarité dans une grande base d'images fixes par des techniques de fouilles de données." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00524418.
Full textGuardiola, Mathilde. "Convergence en conversation : La similarité linguistique comme indice d'alignement et d'affiliation." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3067.
Full textThis thesis investigates the manifestations of convergence (i.e. the rapprochement between the participants' productions) at the level of interaction. With this aim, the terms of alignment (defined in relation to the current activity) and affiliation (display of the same stance by both participants) are borrowed from Conversation Analysis. The conversational corpus (non-constrained, highly cooperative and globally symmetrical interaction) used is the CID-Corpus of Interactional Data. Firstly, the link between convergence and lexical similarity is investigated thanks to the analysis of a collection of 300 other-repetitions (collected using a tool to assist in the detection of OR). Secondly, storytelling is studied and a quantitative analysis of the evolution of listeners' responses is proposed together with a qualitative analysis of direct reported speech phenomena, which are likely to make affiliation emerge. These analyses show that lexical other-repetitions and "echo" reported speech (reported speech which is produced by the listener of the narrative) can be used by participants to, inter alia, express alignment and affiliation, which, in case of ratification, creates the adequate conditions for the emergence of interactional convergence. The same phenomena can be used to create the temporary disalignment necessary to engage in an oblique (and potentially convergent) sequence. This work then describes the establishment and the conduct of convergent sequences through the analysis of interactional phenomena
Le, Capitaine Hoel. "Opérateurs d'agrégation pour la mesure de similarité. Application à l'ambiguïté en reconnaissance de formes." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00438516.
Full textYang, Mingqiang. "Extraction d'attributs et mesures de similarité basées sur la forme." Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00335083.
Full textGarma, L. D. (Leonardo D. ). "Structural bioinformatics tools for the comparison and classification of protein interactions." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2017. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526216065.
Full textTiivistelmä Suurin osa proteiinien toiminnasta tapahtuu vuorovaikutuksessa muiden molekyylien kanssa. Proteiinit, jotka osallistuvat samanlaisiin vuorovaikutuksiin todennäköisesti toimivat samalla tavalla. Kahden proteiinin todennäköisyys esiintyä samanlaisissa vuorovaikutustilanteissa voidaan määrittää tutkimalla niiden rakenteellista samankaltaisuutta. Tämä väitöskirjatyö käsittelee proteiini-proteiini- ja proteiini-ligandi -vuorovaikutusten vertailuun käytettyjen menetelmien kehitystä, ja niiden soveltamista rakenteeseen perustuvissa luokittelujärjestelmissä. Tunnettuja dimeerisiä proteiinikomplekseja tutkittiin uudella MultiMer-align-ohjelmaan (MM-align) perustuvalla menetelmällä. Vertailun tulokset osoittavat, että uusi menetelmä suoriutui MM-alignia paremmin merkittävässä osassa tapauksista. Tuloksia käytettiin myös kompleksien luokitteluun, jonka tuloksena oli 1761 erilaista proteiinien välistä vuorovaikutustyyppiä. Luonnossa esiintyvien proteiinien välisten vuorovaikutusten määrän arvioitiin tilastollisen mallin avulla olevan noin 4000. Tilastollisen mallin avulla saatiin vertailtua sekä sekvenssin (”quaternary families”) sekä rakenteen (”quaternary folds”) mukaan ryhmiteltyjen proteiinikompleksien määriä. Proteiinien ja pienien orgaanisten ligandien välisiä vuorovaikutuksia tutkittiin sekvenssistä riippumattomilla menetelmillä. Uudella menetelmällä testattiin kolmea eri samankaltaisuutta mittaavaa metriikkaa. Näistä parasta käytettiin viiden muun tunnetun menetelmän kanssa vertailemaan kaikkia tunnettuja proteiini-FAD (Flavin-Adenine-Dinucleotide, flaviiniadeniinidinukleotidi) -komplekseja. Proteiini-ligandikontaktien osalta uusi menetelmä kuvasi kompleksien samankaltaisuutta muita menetelmiä paremmin. Vertailun tuloksia hyödyntäen proteiini-FAD-kompleksit luokiteltiin edelleen 237 ryhmään. Suurimmassa osassa tapauksista luokittelujärjestelmä oli onnistunut jakamaan kompleksit ryhmiin niiden toiminnallisuuden mukaisesti. Ryhmät voitiin määritellä yksikäsitteisesti kuvaamalla FAD:n sitoutumispaikka graafisesti. Väitöskirjatyö osoittaa, että siinä kehitetyt menetelmät ovat parempia kuin aikaisemmin käytetyt menetelmät. Tulokset osoittavat, että sekä proteiinien väliset että proteiini-FAD -vuorovaikutukset voidaan luokitella rajattuun määrään vuorovaikutustyyppejä ja yleisesti luokittelu on yhtenevä proteiinien toiminnan suhteen
Hoffmann, Brice. "Développement d'approches de chémogénomique pour la prédiction des interactions protéine - ligand." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00679718.
Full textNieto, Erick Mauricio Gomez. "Generation of semantic layouts for interactive multidimensional data visualization." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-11052017-105059/.
Full textMétodos de visualização fazem uso de representações gráficas interativas embutidas em uma área de exibição para exploração e análise de dados. Esses recursos visuais usam primitivas geométricas para representar dados ou compor representações mais sofisticadas que facilitem a extração visual de informações. Uma das tarefas mais desafiadoras é determinar um layout ótimo visando explorar suas capacidades para transmitir informação dentro de uma determinada visualização. Os algoritmos existentes para construir layouts a partir de primitivas geométricas são tipicamente projetados para lidar com requisitos como alinhamento ortogonal, remoção de sobreposição, área usada, organização hierárquica, atualização dinâmica entre outros. No entanto, a maioria das técnicas são capazes de lidar com apenas alguns desses requerimentos simultaneamente, prejudicando sua utilização e flexibilidade. Nesta tese, propomos um conjunto de abordagens para construir layouts a partir de primitivas geométricas que simultaneamente lidam com uma gama mais ampla de requerimentos. Baseando-se em projeções multidimensionais e formulações de otimização, os nossos métodos organizam objetos geométricos no espaço visual para gerar layouts bem estruturados que preservam a relação semântica entre objetos enquanto ainda fazem um uso eficiente da área de exibição. Um conjunto detalhado de comparações quantitativas com métodos existentes para a geração de layouts e aplicações em visualização de conjunto de dados de texto, imagem e vídeo comprova a eficácia das técnicas propostas.
Nilsson, Olof. "Visualization of live search." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Interaktiva och kognitiva system, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-102448.
Full textHaugeard, Jean-Emmanuel. "Extraction et reconnaissance de primitives dans les façades de Paris à l'aide de similarités de graphes." Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00593985.
Full textZapletal, Eric. "Un environnement collaboratif sur Internet pour l'aide au consensus en anatomie pathologie : la plateforme IDEM." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066590.
Full textChartier, Matthieu. "Développement et applications d’un outil bio-informatique pour la détection de similarités de champs d’interaction moléculaire." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8893.
Full textAbstract : Methods that detect binding site similarities between proteins serve for the prediction of function and the identification of potential off-targets. These methods can help prevent side-effects, suggest drug repurposing and polypharmacological strategies and suggest bioisosteric replacements. Most methods use atom-based representations despite the fact that molecular interaction fields (MIFs) represents more closely the nature of what is meant to be identified. We developped a computational algorithm, IsoMif, that detects MIF similarities between binding sites. We benchmark IsoMif to other methods which has not been previously done for a MIF-based method. IsoMif performed best in average and more consistently accross datasets. We highlight limitations intrinsic to the methodology or to nature. The impact of design choices on performance is discussed. We built a freely available web interface that allows the detection of similarities between a protein and pre-calculated MIFs or user defined MIFs. PyMOL sessions can be downloaded to visualize similarities for the different intermolecular interactions. IsoMif was applied for a large-scale analysis (5,6 millions of comparisons) to predict offtargets of drugs. Docking simulations of the drugs in the binding site of their top hits were performed. The primary objective is to generate hypotheses that can be further investigated and validated regarding drug repurposing opportunities and side-effect mechanisms.
Calle, Didier. "Agrandissement d'images par synthèse de similarités et par induction sur un ensemble." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004813.
Full textMazuel, Laurent. "Traitement de l'hétérogénéité sémantique dans les interactions humain-agent et agent-agent." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00413004.
Full textLa plupart des approches segmentent ce traitement en fonction de l'émetteur de la demande (humain ou agent). Nous pensons au contraire qu'il est possible de proposer un modèle d'interaction commun aux deux situations. Ainsi, nous présentons d'abord un algorithme d'interprétation sémantique de la commande indépendant du type d'interaction (humain-agent ou agent-agent). Cet algorithme considère le rapport entre « ce qui est compris » de la commande et « ce qui est possible » pour la machine. Ce rapport intervient dans un système de sélection de réponses basé sur une mesure de degré de relation sémantique. Nous proposons ensuite une telle mesure, conçue pour prendre en compte plus d'informations que la plupart des mesures actuelles.
Nous étudions ensuite les implémentations que nous avons faites dans les cadres humain-agent et agent-agent. Pour l'implémentation humain-agent, l'une des spécificités est l'utilisation d'une langue naturelle, impliquant le besoin d'utiliser des outils de modélisation de la langue. Pour l'implémentation agent-agent, nous proposerons une adaptation de notre architecture, en s'appuyant sur des protocoles d'interactions entre agents.
Pérez, Nueno Violeta Isabel. "Herramientas de cribado virtual aplicadas a inhibidores de entrada del VIH. Diseño de nuevos compuestos anti-VIH." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9311.
Full textPer al cribatge virtual basat en el receptor, s'han millorat els models dels co-receptors CXCR4 i CCR5 construïts a la secció de disseny molecular de l'IQS, i s'han portat a terme assajos preliminars de mode d'unió utilitzant aquests models i lligands coneguts d'elevada afinitat. Així mateix, s'ha analitzat el comportament en el cribatge virtual i en el post-processat de resultats de docking de diferents fingerprints d'interacció en comparació amb els resultats obtinguts per un nou fingerprint d'interacció (APIF) desenvolupat a la secció de disseny molecular de l'IQS.
Per al cribatge virtual basat en lligands, s'han comparat models farmacofòrics i diverses aproximacions basades en la forma i propietats moleculars utilitzant lligands d'elevada afinitat com a molècules de referència. A més, s'ha desenvolupat una nova aproximació basada en la forma molecular, la qual s'ha utilitzat per a estudiar en profunditat la hipòtesi de la multi-regió d'unió de la cavitat d'unió extracel·lular del co-receptor CCR5.
Tots els mètodes, ja siguin basats en el receptor o en lligands coneguts, s'han aplicat en primer lloc de manera retrospectiva utilitzant una extensa base de dades d'inhibidors de CXCR4/CCR5 i suposats inactius, similars en propietats als actius, recopilada en aquesta tesi. Per a cada receptor, la quimioteca ha estat cribada utilitzat inhibidors coneguts, S'han analitzat els factors d'enriquiment i la diversitat a les llistes finals de hits. A més, s'han portat a terme anàlisis ROC per a ambdós inhibidors de CXCR4 i CCR5 amb la finalitat de comparar l'habilitat del nou algoritme basat en la igualtat de formes de lligands amb la resta d'aproximacions de cribatge utilitzades.
Una vegada validades les diferents aproximacions de cribatge i seleccionats els millors paràmetres per a cadascuna d'elles, s'han aplicat les eines de cribatge virtual de manera prospectiva sobre una quimioteca combinatòria dissenyada a la secció de disseny molecular de l'IQS, així com tècniques de disseny de novo de lligands per tal d'identificar nous bloquejadors de l'entrada del VIH a les cèl·lules.
Los inhibidores de entrada del VIH han surgido recientemente como una nueva generación de fármacos antiretrovirales, los cuales bloquean la unión del virus con los co-receptores de membrana CXCR4 y CCR5. Se han desarrollado diversas moléculas pequeñas antagonistas de estos co-receptores, algunas de las cuales están actualmente en fase de ensayo clínico. Sin embargo, dado que no existen estructuras cristalográficas para estos co-receptores proteicos, es necesario analizar los modos de unión de inhibidores conocidos a la cavidad de unión extracelular de los co-receptores mediante experimentos de mutagénesis dirigida y estudios computacionales. En general, el objetivo de estas aproximaciones computacionales es cribar un gran número de compuestos candidatos a fármacos rápidamente. El cribado virtual se ha convertido recientemente en un complemento útil de los métodos de cribado experimentales high-throughput screening para grandes librerías de compuestos. Por lo tanto, en esta tesis se ha llevado a cabo un protocolo de cribado virtual, mediante aproximaciones basadas en el receptor y en ligandos activos conocidos, con el fin de encontrar antagonistas de CXCR4 y CCR5 que puedan servir como potenciales inhibidores de entrada del VIH.
Para el cribado virtual basado en el receptor, se han mejorado los modelos de los co-receptores CXCR4 y CCR5 construidos en la sección de diseño molecular del IQS, y se han llevado a cabo ensayos preliminares de modo de unión utilizando estos modelos y ligandos conocidos de elevada afinidad. Asimismo, se ha analizado el comportamiento en el cribado virtual y en el post-procesado de resultados de docking de diferentes fingerprints de interacción en comparación con los resultados obtenidos por un nuevo fingerprint de interacción (APIF) desarrollado en la sección de diseño molecular del IQS.
Para el cribado virtual basado en ligandos, se han comparado modelos farmacofóricos y diversas aproximaciones basadas en la forma y propiedades moleculares utilizando ligandos de elevada afinidad como moléculas de referencia. Además, se ha desarrollado una nueva aproximación basada en la forma molecular, la cual se ha utilizado para estudiar en profundidad la hipótesis de la multi-región de unión de la cavidad de unión extracelular del co-receptor CCR5.
Todos los métodos, ya sean basados en el receptor o en ligandos conocidos, se han aplicado en primer lugar de manera retrospectiva utilizando una extensa base de datos de inhibidores de CXCR4/CCR5 y supuestos inactivos, similares en propiedades a los activos, recopilada en esta tesis. Para cada receptor, la quimioteca ha sido cribada utilizando inhibidores conocidos, Se han analizado los factores de enriquecimiento y la diversidad en las listas finales de hits. Además, se han llevado a cabo análisis ROC para ambos inhibidores de CXCR4 y CCR5 con el fin de comparar la habilidad del nuevo algoritmo basado en la igualdad de formas de ligandos con el resto de aproximaciones de cribado utilizadas.
Una vez validadas las diferentes aproximaciones de cribado y seleccionados los mejores parámetros para cada una de ellas, se han aplicado las herramientas de cribado virtual de manera prospectiva sobre una quimioteca combinatoria diseñada en la sección de diseño molecular del IQS, así como técnicas de diseño de novo de ligandos para identificar nuevos bloqueadores de la entrada del VIH a las células.
HIV entry inhibitors have emerged as a new generation of antiretroviral drugs that block viral fusion with the CXCR4 and CCR5 membrane co-receptors. Several small molecule antagonists for these co-receptors have been developed, some of which are currently in clinical trials. However, because no crystal structures for the co-receptor proteins are available, the binding modes of the known inhibitors within the co-receptor extracellular pockets need to be analyzed by means of site-directed mutagenesis and computational experiments. Generally, the objective of these computational approaches is to screen large numbers of candidate drug compounds rapidly. Virtual screening has recently become a useful complement to laboratory-based high-throughput screening methods for large libraries of compounds. Hence, in this thesis, a virtual screening protocol, using several receptor-based and ligand-based approaches, has been performed to find CXCR4 and CCR5 antagonists that could potentially serve as HIV entry inhibitors.
For receptor-based virtual screening, homology models of CXCR4 and CCR5 co-receptors built in our research group have been improved, and preliminary binding mode analyses using these models and high affinity known ligands have been carried out. Also, the performance in virtual screening and docking post-processing of different interaction fingerprints, compared to the results obtained with a new interaction fingerprint (APIF) developed in our research group, has been analysed.
For ligand-based virtual screening, pharmacophore modelling and several shape-based and property-based molecular comparison approaches have been compared, using high-affinity ligands as query molecules. Also, a novel consensus shape-based virtual screening approach has been developed and used to investigate and add further evidence for multiple binding sites within the CCR5 extracellular pocket hypothesis.
All the receptor-based and ligand-based methods have been firstly applied in a retrospective virtual screening, using a large database of known CXCR4/CCR5 inhibitors and similar presumed inactive molecules assembled in this thesis. For each receptor, the library has been queried using known binders, and the enrichment factors and diversity of the resulting virtual hit lists have been analyzed. Moreover, receiver-operator-characteristic analyses for both CXCR4 and CCR5 inhibitors have been carried out in order to compare the performance of the new consensus shape matching algorithm with the other screening approaches used.
Once the different virtual screening approaches have been validated and the best parameters for each one have been selected, prospective virtual screening of a combinatorial library designed by our research group and de novo design methods have been applied to identify new HIV entry blockers.
Peterlongo, Pierre. "Filtrage de séquences d'ADN pour la recherche de longues répétitions multiples." Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00132300.
Full textde manière exponentielle. D'autre part, la recherche dans le domaine
implique de nouvelles questions dont les formulations in silico
génèrent des problèmes algorithmiquement difficiles à résoudre.
Parmi ces problèmes, certains concernent notamment l'étude de réarrangements génomiques dont les duplications et les éléments transposables. Ils imposent que l'on soit en mesure de détecter précisément et efficacement de longues répétitions approchées et multiples dans les génomes. Par répétition multiple, nous désignons
des répétitions ayant au moins deux copies dans une séquence d'ADN, ou ayant des copies dans au moins deux séquences d'ADN distinctes. De plus, ces répétitions sont approchées dans le sens où des erreurs existent entre les copies d'une même répétition.
La recherche de répétitions approchées multiples peut être résolue par des algorithmes d'alignements multiples locaux mais ceux-ci présentent une complexité exponentielle en la taille de l'entrée, et ne sont donc pas applicables à des données aussi grandes que des génomes. C'est pourquoi, de nouvelles techniques doivent être créées pour répondre à ces nouveaux besoins.
Dans cette thèse, une approche de filtrage des séquences d'ADN est
proposée. Le but d'une telle approche est de supprimer rapidement et
efficacement, parmi des textes représentant des séquences d'ADN, de
larges portions ne pouvant pas faire partie de répétitions. Les données filtrées, limitées en majorité aux portions pertinentes, peuvent alors être fournies en entrée d'un algorithme d'alignement multiple local.
Les filtres proposés appliquent une condition nécessaire aux séquences pour n'en conserver que les portions qui la respectent. Les travaux que nous présentons ont porté sur la création de conditions de filtrage, à la fois efficaces et simples à appliquer d'un point de vue algorithmique. À partir de ces conditions de filtrage, deux filtres, Nimbus et Ed'Nimbus, ont été créés. Ces filtres sont appelés exacts car il ne suppriment jamais de données contenant effectivement des occurrences de répétitions respectant les caractéristiques fixées par un utilisateur. L'efficacité du point de vue de la simplicité d'application et de celui de la précision du filtrage obtenu, conduit à de très bons résultats en pratique. Par exemple, le temps utilisé par des algorithmiques de recherche de répétitions ou d'alignements multiples peut être réduit de plusieurs ordres de grandeur en utilisant les filtres proposés.
Il est important de noter que les travaux présentés dans cette thèse
sont inspirés par une problématique biologique mais ils sont également généraux et peuvent donc être appliqués au filtrage de tout type de textes afin d'y détecter de grandes portions répétées.
Venceslau, Amanda Drielly Pires. "Uma abordagem para identificação de domínios de aplicação em ambiente de convergência digital." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2013. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/6098.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The emergence of the Interactive Digital Television provided, as well as advantages gain quality and optimization of the transmission, the addition of new features and services available to the user. With the advent of digital convergence between TV and Web platforms, new proposals of semantic organization of content are developed. Moreover, it was possible to introduce concepts of the Semantic Web and knowledge representation that allow semantically describe the metadata of content through ontologies. In this context, this work proposes an approach to identifying of domain of application in digital convergence environment based on the Semantic Web concepts and analysis of lexical and semantic similarity. One component integrated with Knowledge TV platform, was implemented to validate the approach.
O surgimento da Televisão Digital Interativa proporciona além de ganho de qualidade na transmissão, a adição de novos recursos e serviços disponíveis ao usuário. Com o advento da convergência digital entre as plataformas de TV e Web, novas propostas de organização semântica de conteúdo estão sendo desenvolvidas. Além disso, foi possível introduzir conceitos da Web Semântica e de representação do conhecimento que permitem descrever semanticamente os metadados de conteúdo através de ontologias. Nesse contexto, esse trabalho propõe uma abordagem para identificação de domínios de aplicação no ambiente de convergência digital baseada em conceitos da Web Semântica e nas análises de similaridade léxica e semântica. Um componente integrado a plataforma Knowledge TV, foi implementado para validar a abordagem.
Champclaux, Yaël. "Un modèle de recherche d'information basé sur les graphes et les similarités structurelles pour l'amélioration du processus de recherche d'information." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00446372.
Full textTrouvilliez, Benoît. "Similarités de données textuelles pour l'apprentissage de textes courts d'opinions et la recherche de produits." Thesis, Artois, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ARTO0403/document.
Full textThis Ph.D. thesis is about the establishment of textual data similarities in the client relation domain. Two subjects are mainly considered : - the automatic analysis of short messages in response of satisfaction surveys ; - the search of products given same criteria expressed in natural language by a human through a conversation with a program. The first subject concerns the statistical informations from the surveys answers. The ideas recognized in the answers are identified, organized according to a taxonomy and quantified. The second subject concerns the transcription of some criteria over products into queries to be interpreted by a database management system. The number of criteria under consideration is wide, from simplest criteria like material or brand, until most complex criteria like color or price. The two subjects meet on the problem of establishing textual data similarities thanks to NLP techniques. The main difficulties come from the fact that the texts to be processed, written in natural language, are short ones and with lots of spell checking errors and negations. Establishment of semantic similarities between words (synonymy, antonymy, ...) and syntactic relations between syntagms (conjunction, opposition, ...) are other issues considered in our work. We also study in this Ph. D. thesis automatic clustering and classification methods in order to analyse answers to satisfaction surveys
Bilane, P. "Contributions a l'indexation et a la reconnaissance des manuscrits Syriaques." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00499537.
Full text