Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Interaction fluides-Roche'
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Lespinasse, Marc. "Les traînées d'inclusions fluides : marqueur microstructural des paléocontraintes et des migrations fluides /." [Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy] : Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35465573s.
Bras, Erwan. "Couplages entre métamorphisme, fluides et déformation : étude de cas de l’éclogitisation dans les Arcs de Bergen." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Rennes (2023-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023URENB069.
Eclogitisation is an emblematic process of continental subduction zones. It involves transformation of the mineralogical assemblage, changes in rheology and permeability, fluid-rock interactions, and deformation that is either viscous or brittle, with the potential to cause earthquakes. The study of the coupling between metamorphic reactions, deformation and fluids is therefore crucial to understand the nature and rheology of the lower continental crust when it reaches high-pressure conditions. The aim of this thesis is to study this coupling, focusing on a specific field case: the eclogitisation of granulite on Holsnøy Island, a now-exhumed part of the ancient lower crust of the Caledonian mountain range, in the Bergen Arcs in western Norway. Observation of field relations shows that deformation and fluid circulation are the forces that drive eclogitisation of the lower crust. However, the temporal evolution and pressure conditions of eclogitic zones are still enigmatic. During this thesis, I therefore set out to understand how feedbacks between metamorphic transformation, fluid transport and deformation can explain the spatio-temporal evolution of the Holsnøy eclogite zones. This thesis is structured into three main chapters that correspond to two previously published scientific articles, and a third in preparation. As a first step, I carried out a detailed petrological study of an eclogite shear zone at Holsnøy, in order to determine the mineralogical and textural changes during the successive metamorphic reactions that transform granulite into eclogite. These observations reveal that the first reactions weaken the granulite, and the last ones partially restore the strength of the rock. I developed a numerical model that illustrates that this transient weakening mechanism, associated with fluid circulation, contributes to the widening of the shear zones over time. Secondly, I developed a numerical model to study how episodic high pressure pulses can propagate eclogitisation into the granulite, even if it is impermeable. I show that there is a positive feedback between fluid circulation and eclogitisation: a fluid influx causes eclogitisation, which increases the rock density, generating porosity and thus promoting fluid flow. A hydroreactive front can propagate rapidly into the impermeable granulite and cause its eclogitisation. Therefore, fluid-reaction coupling is a plausible process for the evolution of Holsnøy eclogite zones. In order to bring together the results of the first two articles, I finally extended the previous model to include deformation and the rheological effects of eclogitisation. This study shows that deformation in a rheologically heterogeneous medium can generate local pressure variations of several kbar, which can explain the juxtaposition of rocks with different metamorphic facies at the same crustal level. Fluid circulation, however, may affect these pressure variations
Maes, Pauline. "Circulations de fluides et interactions eau/roche passées et actuelles dans la pile sédimentaire du site de Meuse/Haute-Marne : apport des isotopes du Sr et conséquences." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20174.
Coquinot, Yvan. "Physicochimie et origine de la phase fluide impliquée dans les processus d'interactions fluide-roche au cours du métamorphisme rétrograde et de la déformation : exemple des diabases métamorphisées du massif de Rocroi." Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2005/50376-2005-77.pdf.
Coltat, Rémi. "Interactions fluides-roches-déformation durant l’exhumation mantellique dans les marges hyper-étendues, la nappe de Platta, Alpes suisses." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN1B020.
Fluid-rock interactions are widespread processes on earth including divergent settings from hyper-extended margins to oceanic ridges. There, mantle rocks are exhumedto the seafloor thanks to detachment faults. In the same time, the inception of mafic magmatism occurs during asthenosphere partial melting. Coupling between activemagmatic and tectonic processes triggers hydrothermal circulation in exhuming mantle rocks. This leads to several alterations like: i) the serpentinization of mantle rocks, ii) theformation of Cu-Zn-Fe-Co-Au-Ag-rich hydrothermal mineralized systems and iii) the carbonation of mantle rocks. Mineralization represents critical resources for our technological and societal needs. Hence, studies dealing with ore-forming processes applied to oceanic hydrothermal systems are essential to unravel where and how mineralization forms. However, in present-day oceanic domains, the study of these systems is limited by the bad observation conditions at the seafloor. Hence, one way tofully understand these systems is to turn on fossil analogs preserved on-land. We adopted this strategy here and focused on a Tethyan ophiolite preserved in the Platta nappe where subsequent Alpine metamorphism and deformation had minor effect on oceanic geometries. Sulfide mineralization somewhat similar to this formed in oceanic settings occurred where the magmatic buget was high enough to trigger hydrothermal circulation. The mineralization displays peculiarities (presence of Fe-Ca-silicates, association with mafic intrusions) indicating it corresponds to the root zone of present-day mineralized systems.Geochemical signatures of the mineralization (Co/Ni ratio decrease, Se contentincrease) suggests it formed from hydrothermal fluid mixing with seawater. Subsequently, mantle rocks and basalts recorded a carbonation event under hydrothermal temperatures at about 90-130°C. Syn-tectonic carbonation was the result of serpentinized-derived fluids mixing with seawater at the serpentinite-basalt interface. These alterations reported in mantle rocks from the Platta nappe are the legacy of the diversity of fluid-rock interactions in hyper-extended margins
Almeida, de Carvalho Ancilla Maria. "Evolution of the Early Cretaceous, South-Atlantic pre-salt lacustrine systems : Insights from Stratigraphic Forward and Geochemical Modeling." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS590.
The lacustrine carbonate rocks of the Barra Velha Formation (BVF), Santos Basin, present distinct composition and texture, with superimposed sedimentary and diagenetic heterogeneities, forming complex reservoirs. To better understand and predict lateral and vertical heterogeneities of the carbonate reservoirs of Santos Basin, we conduct a multidisciplinary approach, integrating sedimentological-diagenetic analyses, stratigraphic forward (process-based) modeling, and geochemical modeling. From a multiscale dataset of a field localized in the Outer High of the Santos Basin, we (1) characterized the spatial and stratigraphic distribution of the different facies and diagenetic phases and their main controlling factors, (2) evaluated the conceptual model proposed and provide the initial conditions for fluid-rock interaction model, using stratigraphic forward modeling (SFM) (3) investigated the ideal physicochemical conditions and basin fluid circulation patterns ruling the diagenetic alterations observed in the study area. The data analysis performed in this study highlights the spatial and temporal distribution of different types of Mg-clay, the main diagenetic products, and their association with different facies. The stratigraphic variations in Mg-clay distribution indicate an influence of the lake water chemistry. Furthermore, the Mg-clay alteration pattern and its diagenetic features suggest a strong control of the structural setting. The spatial and stratigraphic distribution of sedimentological and diagenetic heterogeneities indicate that the lake water’s first-order hydrochemical evolution drove the major depositional and diagenetic aspects, modulated by local factors, which enhanced the diagenetic imprint. Three main characteristics mark the lake water hydrochemical variation: an initial stage associated with a higher input of detrital content, an intermediary phase marked by higher evaporative conditions, and a final stage characterized by fluctuations of the evaporative conditions with a lower detrital contribution. In the second part of the study, we propose a stratigraphic forward model based on the depositional conceptual model and the evaluation of large-scale constraints, like subsidence and lake-level variations. The model also addresses the lake-level variations relying on the hydrologic water balance between precipitation and evaporation rate and provides insights into the evolution of hydrological zones. Through the process-based model, we propose a lateral and vertical grid of facies used to parametrize the reactive transport modeling. In the third part of the study, a series of geochemical calculations were used to estimate the diagenetic potential of different solute sources and the main paleoenvironmental controls on diagenetic modifications. The calculations show that the pH fluctuation is the main factor impacting the Mg-clay preservation, followed by the diagenetic fluids' Mg/Ca and Mg/Si ratios, and emphasize the role of pCO2 in the diagenetic alteration. In addition, the models point out the ability of different Mg-clay types to generate distinctive amounts of diagenetic products. Finally, we explore diagenetic scenarios on the BVF sag phase through reactive transport modeling, focusing on the dolomitization, silicification, and dissolution processes and addressing the impact of regional versus local fluid circulation on diagenetic alteration. The initial facies heterogeneities, intrinsically related to the depositional characteristics, have a crucial role in the evolution of the diagenetic process. The results also highlight the preferential pathways of fluid circulation and diagenetic alteration associated with Mg-clay-rich layers and facies with higher permeability alternation. The multidisciplinary approach provides a spatial view of the interplay between rock properties and possible fluid circulation patterns in the basin
Michel, Olivier. "Caractérisation isotopique Rb/Sr et Pb/Pb des roches totales, des minéraux de remplissage de fracture et des eaux des formations sédimentaires jurassiques de Tournemire (Aveyron, France) : implications sur les interactions eau/roche passées et actuelles." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20126.
Moisy, Michel. "Evolution de la perméabilité et de la circulation des fluides hydrothermaux dans une zone de cisaillement fragile /." Orléans : Ed. du BRGM, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb356065587.
Etxegarai, Aldami Etxebarria Maddi. "Etude du couplage hydromécanique dans les roches par analyse d'images obtenues par tomographie neutronique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI010/document.
The behaviour of subsurface-reservoir porous rocks is a central topic in resource engineering industry and has relevant applications for hydrocarbon and water production or CO2 sequestration. One of the key open issues is the effect of deformations on the hydraulic properties of the host rock, specifically in saturated environments. Deformation in geomaterials is rarely homogeneous because of the complex boundary conditions they undergo as well as for their intrinsic tendency to localise. This non uniformity of the deformation yields a non uniform permeability field, meaning that the traditional macroscopic analysis methods are outside their domain of validity. These methods are in fact based on measurements taken at the boundaries of a tested sample, under the assumption of internal homogeneity. At this stage, our understanding is in need of direct measurements of the local fluid permeability and its relationship with localiseddeformation.This doctoral dissertation focuses on the acquisition of such local data about the hydro mechanical properties of porous geomaterials in full-field, adopting neutron and x-ray tomography, as well as on the development of novel analysis methods. While x-ray imaging has been increasingly used in geo-sciences in the last few decades, the direct detection of fluid has been very limited because of the low air/water contrast within geomaterials. Unlike x-rays, neutrons are very sensitive to the hydrogen in the water because of their interaction with matter (neutrons interact with the atoms’ nuclei rather than with the external electron shell as x-rays do). This greater sensitivity to hydrogen provides a high contrast compared to the rock matrix, in neutron tomography images that facilitates the detection of hydrogen-rich fluids. Furthermore, neutrons are isotope-sensitive, meaning that water (H 2 0) and heavy water (D20), while chemically and hydraulically almost identical, can be easily distinguished in neutron imaging.The use of neutron imaging to investigate the hydromechanical properties of rocks is a substantially under-explored experimental area, mostly limited to 2D studies of dry, intact or pre-deformed samples, with little control of the boundary conditions. In thiswork we developed a new servocontrolled triaxial cell to perform multi-fluid flow experiments in saturated porous media, while performing in-situ loading and acquiring 4-dimensional neutron data.Another peculiarity of the project is the use of high-performance neutron imaging facilities (CONRAD-2, in Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, and NeXT-Grenoble, in Institut Laue-Langevin), taking advantage of the world’s highest flux and cutting edge technology to acquire data at an optimal frequency for the study of this processes. The results of multiple experimental campaigns covering a series of initial and boundary conditions of increasing complexity are presented in this work.To quantify the local hydro-mechanical coupling, we applied a number of standard postprocessing procedures (reconstruction, denoising, Digital Volume Correlation) but also developed an array of bespoke methods, for example to track the water front andcalculate the 3D speed maps.The experimental campaigns performed show that the speed of the water front driven by imbibition in a dry sample is increased within a compactant shear band, while the pressure driven flow speed is decreased in saturated samples, regardless of the volumetric response of the shear band (compactant/dilatant). The 3D nature of the data and analyses has revealed essential in the characterization of the complex mechanical behaviour of the samples and the resultant flow speed.The experimental results obtained contribute to the understanding of flow in porous materials, ensure the suitability of the analysis and set an experimental method for further in-situ hydromechanical campaigns
Moisy, Michel. "Evolution de la perméabilité et de la circulation des fluides hydrothermaux dans une zone de cisaillement fragile." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529983.
Nazarova, Cherriere Marfa. "Wettability study through x-ray micro-ct pore space imaging in eor applied to lsb recovery process." Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3030/document.
The aim of the thesis is to study rock wettability change effects caused by Low Salinity brine injection as tertiary recovery method. To identify the underlying mechanism or mechanisms of additional oil recovery X-Ray imaging technology was applied. We have also imaged the end-Point saturations of filled by brine and water core samples. Once the primary drainage is realized we carried out two phases imbibitions: with high salinity brine (waterflooding) and with low salinity brine (tertiary recovery mode). The wettability analysis at pore scale permitted to put in evidence the thermal and saline effects playing a decisive role in rock wettability. We have showed wettability changes are not caused by only electrical double layer expansion, however wettability changes was shown. These changes are explained by wettability transition of second order and observed not only for oil droplet on brine, but also for oil deposited on glass substrate. Finally, the pore space wettability needs to be evidenced at sub-Micrometric scale that is new for the petroleum domain
Mezri, Leila. "Rôle des fluides pendant l'exhumation continentale : modélisation hydro-thermo-mécanique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066175.
Strain localization is essential to the existence of plate tectonic on Earth. Yet, it is the result of non-linear interaction across several temporal and spatial scales and to date no unique rheological model exists that captures the effect of all these interactions at crustal scale. The work presented here is an attempt to fill part of the gap between out- crop scale and crustal scale models, between petrological scale and crustal scale. The central question is how to measure the effects of fluids and fluid-rock interactions on the dynamics and the kinematics of continental metamorphic core complexes by the mean of crustal scale numerical models. To answer this question, we have tried to esta- blish an empirical model of fluid flow and fluid-rock interaction, which could be valid at the scale of the crust. At that specific scale, it is important to capture the effects of free fluids both on the density of rocks, because it determines the body forces that are driving the exhumation of the crust, and on the strength of rocks and particularly on shear zones which constitute the ’hand-break’, the surface tractions, which resist this exhumation. This empirical model is based on a first order observation related to the behaviour of metamorphic rocks along the retrograde P − T path of their exhumation. High-grade metamorphic rocks (amphibolite/granulite) are indeed exhumed to the sur- face with very little retromorphose except those located within the shear bands where deformation localises. This works first consisted in parameterising this observation in a manner that could be implemented into a 2D thermo-mechanical code as an hydro- thermo-mechanical coupling which could account for free-water/rock-water exchange. In second part, a simplified scheme is introduced to account for hydrothermal cooling of the crust in the late stage of exhumation. The results show that this parameterization al- lows to better account for field observation in a range of parameters that are compatible with laboratory experiments. Limiting the retromorphose of rocks by the availability of free water is shown to produce significantly different metamorphic domes kinematics as compared to prior studies. We indeed demonstrate that it is not necessary to introduce heterogeneity in crustal composition to form asymmetric structures but that the effect of water is modulated by the chemistry of the protolith rocks which influences strain localization
Mezri, Leila. "Rôle des fluides pendant l'exhumation continentale : modélisation hydro-thermo-mécanique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066175.
Strain localization is essential to the existence of plate tectonic on Earth. Yet, it is the result of non-linear interaction across several temporal and spatial scales and to date no unique rheological model exists that captures the effect of all these interactions at crustal scale. The work presented here is an attempt to fill part of the gap between out- crop scale and crustal scale models, between petrological scale and crustal scale. The central question is how to measure the effects of fluids and fluid-rock interactions on the dynamics and the kinematics of continental metamorphic core complexes by the mean of crustal scale numerical models. To answer this question, we have tried to esta- blish an empirical model of fluid flow and fluid-rock interaction, which could be valid at the scale of the crust. At that specific scale, it is important to capture the effects of free fluids both on the density of rocks, because it determines the body forces that are driving the exhumation of the crust, and on the strength of rocks and particularly on shear zones which constitute the ’hand-break’, the surface tractions, which resist this exhumation. This empirical model is based on a first order observation related to the behaviour of metamorphic rocks along the retrograde P − T path of their exhumation. High-grade metamorphic rocks (amphibolite/granulite) are indeed exhumed to the sur- face with very little retromorphose except those located within the shear bands where deformation localises. This works first consisted in parameterising this observation in a manner that could be implemented into a 2D thermo-mechanical code as an hydro- thermo-mechanical coupling which could account for free-water/rock-water exchange. In second part, a simplified scheme is introduced to account for hydrothermal cooling of the crust in the late stage of exhumation. The results show that this parameterization al- lows to better account for field observation in a range of parameters that are compatible with laboratory experiments. Limiting the retromorphose of rocks by the availability of free water is shown to produce significantly different metamorphic domes kinematics as compared to prior studies. We indeed demonstrate that it is not necessary to introduce heterogeneity in crustal composition to form asymmetric structures but that the effect of water is modulated by the chemistry of the protolith rocks which influences strain localization
Guerci, Alain. "Modélisation géochimique des interactions fluides-roches et du comportement de l'uranium : application à des paléo-altérations hydrothermales, et à l'environnement des sites miniers." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1998_GUERCI_A.pdf.
Reuschlé, Thierry. "Les fluides et l'evolution des proprietes mecaniques des roches." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13019.
Lamour, Marianne. "Étude géochimique et pétrologique des filons intrusifs dans les Gabbros de l'ophiolite d'Oman : rôle et origine des fluides de très haute température." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20176.
Bastoul, Abdelmajid. "Origine et évolution des fluides hydro-carbo-azotés dans les formations métamorphiques : relations avec les minéralisations associées (u, au, graphite)." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10390.
Buschaert, Stéphane. "Origine, âge et processus physico-chimiques des circulations de fluides dans les fractures : exemple de socle sous couverture (Vienne) et de formations riches en argiles (Gard, Est)." Nancy 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN10233.
The study of minerals sealing the discontinuities and the cavities by past to recent fluid circulations is the only method to assess the paleo ?hydrological and -hydrogeochemical behavior of both sedimentary or granitic systems. Petrographic, mineralogic, isotopic and geochemical tools provide the opportunity to identify the source and the nature of sealing-forming waters and to precise the physical and chemical mechanisms occurring during fluid circulations. This study is focused on 3 sites selected in the framework of a survey managed by ANDRA for the feasibility of an underground laboratory (plutonites of Vienne, Cretaceous siltites of Marcoule, argillites in the Eastern part of the Paris basin). Our methodology, based on the combined use of C-O isotopic tracers, petrographic, mineralogical and thermal (fluid inclusion, organic matter, clay typology) studies, is a promising powerful tool to assess the paleo-hydrogeologic behavior in geological systems
Roubeuf, Véronique. "Interactions entre fluides et sédiments argileux naturels : étude expérimentale dans des conditions simulant un stockage souterrain de déchets radioactifs." Nancy 1, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2000_0190_ROUBEUF.pdf.
Crognier, Nemo. "Evolution thermique, circulation de fluide et fracturation associées à la structuration du bassin d’avant-pays sud-pyrénéen." Thesis, Pau, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU3030/document.
The Jaca basin (Spanish Pyrenees) is a classical example of a foreland basin, where the sedimentary filling and the calendar of thrust activation have been extensively studied. It remains to understand the paleohydrology and the thermal history of the basin, so as to provide a fluid flow model related to its formation and deformation (Paleoecene-Oligocene). To do this, this work proposes to analyze the distribution of fracturing, to study the conditions of formation of syn-tectonic veins and to characterize the maturity of organic matter throughout the Jaca foreland basin, from hinterland to external areas.Petrographical, geochemical and microthermometric analysis of veins show that the vast majority of mineralizing fluids are at the isotopic and thermal equilibrium with the host-rock. In detail, we identified two main events of vein precipitation in the inner part of the basin (Sierras Interiores), probably related to major basement thrust activations. We suggest that fluids flow along decollement levels and are expelled over short distances (<10 km), through fracture networks towards the foreland basin. The other part of the basin mainly record local fluids, sometimes associated with the infiltration of meteoric water. Analysis of burial temperatures (50 °C to 250 °C), which includes Δ47 data, shows a relatively homogeneous N-S organization from the Sierras Interiores (gas window) to Sierras Exteriores (immature), with strong longitudinal anomalies. Thermal 1D modelling of 9 virtual wells suggest that the maximum temperatures of Sierras Interiores result from sedimentary accumulation, whose a large amount is now eroded. We propose that this eroded thickness corresponds to late-orogenic conglomeratic deposits near the axial zone. The data suggest an inhomogeneous distribution of the deposits along an E-W axis, involving more complex sedimentary transfers than usually discussed. Given our results and previous studies, the paleohydrological and thermal model of the Jaca basin, and on a larger scale, of the South Pyrenean fold and thrust belt, is compartmentalized both in space and in time, in response to the propagation of and oblique deformational front, which controls the opening of the system. The paleohydrological and thermal model of the South Pyrenean fold and thrust belt is therefore a potential analogue to fold and thrust belt including shortening due to an oblique convergence
Ossa, Ossa Frantz-Gérard. "Etude multi-approches du bassin sédimentaire paléoprotérozoïque (2. 1-2. 4 Ga) de Franceville au Gabon : les environnements sédimentaires et l'impact des paléocirculations de fluides." Poitiers, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010POIT2341.
Francevillien Basin, located in south-eastern Gabon, consists of a column of five lithostratigraphic formations, starting from FA to FE. He is known around the world through these natural fission reactors (Oklo and Bangombé) and to its rich mineral resources in the FA and FB (Uranium and Manganese). The classically described successive lithofacies in FA reflect the evolution of fluvial environment to a tide-influenced delta environment. Marine environment, ranging from shoreface to upper offshore, characterizes the FB. New geochemical data show, oxygenation of the water column up to the upper offshore, large amounts of dissolved organic matter in Proterozoic seawater. These chemical conditions in the depositional environments are closely linked with the state of oxygenation of the atmosphere, will have major consequences in the history of this basin: the emergence of biomass, large colonial organisms; diversification of phyllosilicates (chemical weathering). The mineralogy of the clay fraction (< 2μm) in the FA formation shows a dominant illitic phase whose crystallinity increases towards the base of the series. It is characterized by the appearance of minerals interlayered illite/smectite regular (type R1) at the FA / FB transition, and irregular (type R0) at the top of the series. This trend highlights the different parageneses in the FA and FB formations, despite a low thickness variation and a general rate relatively low landfill. These parageneses indicate a higher intensity of diagenesis in the coarse facies with low organic matter (typical training FA) than for fine facies rich in organic matter (formation characteristic FB). All the results can be interpreted in terms of changes in a same diagenetic process controlled by the facies and the nature of pore fluids. This reinforces the hypothesis of a relatively low geothermal gradient compared to what has been commonly described in other basins of similar age. The presence of monazite overgrowths, late iron-rich chlorites associated with berthierine was used to estimate the temperatures of crystallization around 300° C in the upper FA. These results confirm the late circulation of hot fluids