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1
Telliskivi, Tanel. "Wheel-rail Interaction Analysis." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Machine Design, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3532.
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A general approach to numerically simulating wear in rollingand sliding contacts is presented in this thesis. A simulationscheme is developed that calculates the wear at a detailedlevel. The removal of material follows Archards wear law,which states that the reduction of volume is linearlyproportional to the sliding distance, the normal load and thewear coefficient. The target application is the wheel-railcontact.
Careful attention is paid to stress properties in the normaldirection of the contact. A Winkler method is used to calculatethe normal pressure. The model is calibrated either withresults from Finite Element simulations (which can include aplastic material model) or a linear-elastic contact model. Thetangential tractions and the sliding distances are calculatedusing a method that incorporates the effect of rigid bodymotion and tangential deformations in the contact zone.Kalkers Fastsim code is used to validate the tangentialcalculation method. Results of three different sorts ofexperiments (full-scale, pin-on-disc and disc-on-disc) wereused to establish the wear and friction coefficients underdifferent operating conditions.
The experimental results show that the sliding velocity andcontact pressure in the contact situation strongly influencethe wear coefficient. For the disc-on-disc simulation, therewas good agreement between experimental results and thesimulation in terms of wear and rolling friction underdifferent operating conditions. Good agreement was alsoobtained in regard to form change of the rollers. In thefull-scale simulations, a two-point contact was analysed wherethe differences between the contacts on rail-head to wheeltread and rail edge to wheel flange can be attributed primarilyto the relative velocity differences in regard to bothmagnitude and direction. Good qualitative agreement was foundbetween the simulated wear rate and the full-scale test resultsat different contact conditions.
Keywords:railway rail, disc-on-disc, pin-on-disc,Archard, wear simulation, Winkler, rolling, sliding
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Hanook, Sharoon. "Analysis of Removable Interaction." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1413761250.
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Dowling, Michelle Veronica. "Semantic Interaction for Symmetrical Analysis and Automated Foraging of Documents and Terms." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104682.
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Sensemaking tasks, such as reading many news articles to determine the truthfulness of a given claim, are difficult. These tasks require a series of iterative steps to first forage for relevant information and then synthesize this information into a final hypothesis. To assist with such tasks, visual analytics systems provide interactive visualizations of data to enable faster, more accurate, or more thorough analyses. For example, semantic interaction techniques leverage natural or intuitive interactions, like highlighting text, to automatically update the visualization parameters using machine learning. However, this process of using machine learning based on user interaction is not yet well defined. We begin our research efforts by developing a computational pipeline that models and captures how a system processes semantic interactions. We then expanded this model to denote specifically how each component of the pipeline supports steps of the Sensemaking Process. Additionally, we recognized a cognitive symmetry in how analysts consider data items (like news articles) and their attributes (such as terms that appear within the articles). To support this symmetry, we also modeled how to visualize and interact with data items and their attributes simultaneously. We built a testbed system and conducted a user study to determine which analytic tasks are best supported by such symmetry. Then, we augmented the testbed system to scale up to large data using semantic interaction foraging, a method for automated foraging based on user interaction. This experience enabled our development of design challenges and a corresponding future research agenda centered on semantic interaction foraging. We began investigating this research agenda by conducting a second user study on when to apply semantic interaction foraging to better match the analyst's Sensemaking Process.Doctor of Philosophy
Sensemaking tasks such as determining the truthfulness of a claim using news articles are complex, requiring a series of steps in which the relevance of each piece of information within the articles is first determined. Relevant pieces of information are then combined together until a conclusion may be reached regarding the truthfulness of the claim. To help with these tasks, interactive visualizations of data can make it easier or faster to find or combine information together. In this research, we focus on leveraging natural or intuitive interactions, such organizing documents in a 2-D space, which the system uses to perform machine learning to automatically adjust the visualization to better support the given task. We first model how systems perform such machine learning based on interaction as well as model how each component of the system supports the user's sensemaking task. Additionally, we developed a model and accompanying testbed system for simultaneously evaluating both data items (like news articles) and their attributes (such as terms within the articles) through symmetrical visualization and interaction methods. With this testbed system, we devised and conducted a user study to determine which types of tasks are supported or hindered by such symmetry. We then combined these models to build an additional testbed system that implemented a searching technique to automatically add previously unseen, relevant pieces of information to the visualization. Using our experience in implementing this automated searching technique, we defined design challenges to guide future implementations, along with a research agenda to refine the technique. We also devised and conducted another user study to determine when such automated searching should be triggered to best support the user's sensemaking task.
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Sarker, Biswajit. "Organized Chaos! : Untangling multigenerational group interactions in a gamified science center." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Människa-datorinteraktion, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-263555.
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This inductive study investigates interactions within groups of visitors during a science center visit. Using simplified interaction analysis of recorded videos; I explore the group dynamics in terms of what determines who takes the lead while multigenerational groups interact with different types of experiments. From the observations, I suggest that the age of different group members and specific design aspects of the experiments play the most important roles in the emergence of leadership. Teenagers in a group tend to take the leadership and dominate during a group interaction, while young children like to explore freely leading the group from one experiment to the next without focusing on finishing them properly. As for the design aspects, if an experiment requires cognitive skills then adults and teenagers take the lead but if an experiment requires physical skills and provides immediate feedback then young children take the lead. I also suggest, instead of guiding the young children in the group, adults tend to become observers during engagements. This study will be useful for researchers and interaction designers who are focusing their work on the behavior of multigenerational groups in science center or museum settings.
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Lan, Chinchun. "Analysis of soil-root interaction." Connect to resource, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1119365654.
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Khouly, Mohamed A. "Analysis of soil-reinforcement interaction /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487863429092366.
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Campagna, Anne. "Structural analysis of protein interaction networks." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/84111.
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Interactions between proteins give rise to many functions in cells. In the lastdecade, highthroughput experiments have identified thousands of protein interactions, which are often represented together as large protein interaction networks. However, the classical way of representing interaction networks, as nodes and edges, is too limited to take dynamic properties such as compatible and mutually exclusive interactions into account. In this work, we study protein interaction networks using structural information. More specifically, the analysis of protein interfaces in threedimensional protein structures enables us to identify which interfaces are compatible and which are not. Based on this principle, we have implemented a method, which aims at the analysis of protein interaction networks from a structural point of view by (1) predicting possible binary interactions for proteins that have been found in complex experimentally and (2) identifying possible mutually exclusive and compatible complexes. We validated our method by using positive and negative reference sets from literature and set up an assay to benchmark the identification of compatible and mutually exclusive structural interactions. In addition, we reconstructed the protein interaction network associated with the G proteincoupled receptor Rhodopsin and defined related functional submodules by combining interaction data with structural analysis of the network. Besides its established role in vision, our results suggest that Rhodopsin triggers two additional signaling pathways towards (1) cytoskeleton dynamics and (2) vesicular trafficking.Las funciones de las proteínas resultan de la manera con la que interaccionan entre ellas. Los experimentos de alto rendimiento han permitido identificar miles de interacciones de proteínas que forman parte de redes grandes y complejas. En esta tesis, utilizamos la información de estructuras de proteínas para estudiar las redes de interacciones de proteínas. Con esta información, se puede entender como las proteínas interaccionan al nivel molecular y con este conocimiento se puede identificar las interacciones que pueden ocurrir al mismo tiempo de las que están incompatibles. En base a este principio, hemos desarrollado un método que permite estudiar las redes de interacciones de proteínas con un punto de vista mas dinámico de lo que ofrecen clásicamente. Además, al combinar este método con minería de la literatura y Los datos de la proteomica hemos construido la red de interacciones de proteínas asociada con la Rodopsina, un receptor acoplado a proteínas G y hemos identificado sus sub--‐módulos funcionales. Estos análisis surgieron una novel vıa de señalización hacia la regulación del citoesqueleto y el trafico vesicular por Rodopsina, además de su papel establecido en la visión.
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Thorpe, Christopher John. "Structural analysis of MHC : peptide interaction." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321649.
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Greville-Harris, G. "Child-infant interaction : A micro-analysis." Thesis, Open University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371040.
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Adhikari, Bishwo. "Genomic Analysis of Nematode-Environment Interaction." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2578.
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The natural environments of organisms present a multitude of biotic and abiotic challenges that require both short-term ecological and long-term evolutionary responses. Though most environmental response studies have focused on effects at the ecosystem, community and organismal levels, the ultimate controls of these responses are located in the genome of the organism. Soil nematodes are highly responsive to, and display a wide variety of responses to changing environmental conditions, making them ideal models for the study of organismal interactions with their environment. In an attempt to examine responses to environmental stress (desiccation and freezing), genomic level analyses of gene expression during anhydrobiosis of the Antarctic nematode Plectus murrayi was undertaken. An EST library representative of the desiccation induced transcripts was established and the transcripts differentially expressed during desiccation stress were identified. The expressed genome of P. murrayi showed that desiccation survival in nematodes involves differential expression of a suite of genes from diverse functional areas, and constitutive expression of a number of stress related genes. My study also revealed that exposure to slow desiccation and freezing plays an important role in the transcription of stress related genes, improves desiccation and freezing survival of nematodes. Deterioration of traits essential for biological control has been recognized in diverse biological control agents including insect pathogenic nematodes. I studied the genetic mechanisms behind such deterioration using expression profiling. My results showed that trait deterioration of insect pathogenic nematode induces substantial overall changes in the nematode transcriptome and exhibits a general pattern of metabolic shift causing massive changes in metabolic and other processes. Finally, through field observations and molecular laboratory experiments the validity of the growth rate hypothesis in natural populations of Antarctic nematodes was tested. My results indicated that elemental stoichiometry influences evolutionary adaptations in gene expression and genome evolution. My study, in addition to providing immediate insight into the mechanisms by which multicellular animals respond to their environment, is transformative in its potential to inform other fundamental ecological and evolutionary questions, such as the evolution of life-history patterns and the relationship between community structure and ecological function in ecosystems.
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GONZALEZ, ARMANDO ENRIQUE MARTINEZ. "FALL RISK ANALYSIS DURING VR INTERACTION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2017. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=30738@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
Com o aumento da popularidade e acessibilidade de sistemas de realidade virtual (RV) de alta qualidade, tem-se levantado preocupações com relação a tendência dos sistemas de realidade virtual em provocar perda de equilíbrio. O equilíbrio é essencial para o uso seguro da realidade virtual e a perda do mesmo pode causar lesões graves. O objetivo deste trabalho é criar um sistema para avaliar o impacto da realidade virtual no equilíbrio humano. Neste trabalho, propomos e conduzimos um experimento usando o Oculus Rift e o MS Kinect Sensor. Nesse experimento, foi possível observar, quantificar e comparar o efeito de diferentes cenas de RV no equilíbrio dos usuários, bem como o efeito de avisos visuais e sonoros sobre perda de equilíbrio.
With the increasing popularity and accessibility of high-quality Virtual Reality (VR) systems, concerns have been raised about the propensity of VR to induce balance loss. Balance is essential for safe use of VR experience and its loss can result in severe injury. This project is set to create a system able to measure the impact of VR in the human balance system. In this work, we design and conduct an experiment making use of the Oculus Rift VR headset and MS Kinect Sensor. In this experiment, we are able to visualize, quantify, and compare the effect of different VR scenes on the balance of the experiment subjects as well as the effect of visual and auditory warnings of balance loss.
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McRae, Vicki. "Output, input and interaction in formal/informal teacher interactions and in NS, NNS children's interactions." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26884.
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Output, input and interaction are examined in this study for a native English speaking (NS) teacher and for native and non-native English speaking (NS, NNS) young children in two situations in the classroom, child organized and teacher organized. Video tapes and transcripts of fourteen samples of interactions in teacher organized situations and fourteen samples of naturally occurring interactions in child organized situations, each limited to the first consecutive one hundred utterances, were analyzed. Output was assessed in terms of verbal participation - utterances and words. Input and interaction were assessed both for discourse features (twelve negotiating devices) and in terms of the situational structure of the contexts that existed during the interactions - their distance from the speaker and the action was assessed with measures of exophoric and anaphoric reference (twenty-four reference items).
The results indicate: 1) that output or verbal participation varies for the teacher and the NS, NNS children with situation, 2) that discourse features, often used to assess input, vary in their use by the teacher and the children with the situational context, increase with verbal participation, and may not be useful measures of input, and 3) that the situational structure of the contexts that exist during teacher organized interactions and child organized interactions vary with situation - the distance of the language and the action from the speaker as well as the nature of the interaction. Individual variations amongst items, within and across groups are noted.
It is concluded that: 1) output, input and interaction vary with situation, 2) data analyses concerning input and interaction are more meaningful if they are related to the output occurring in different situations, and 3) L2 researchers will benefit from moving beyond the analysis of discourse features as the sole predictors of input during interaction to examine other aspects of the interaction situation.Education, Faculty of
Graduate
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Galloway, Dayna. "Establishing methodologies for the analysis and development of interactive documentary." Thesis, Abertay University, 2013. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/9e5996a7-e9e9-4538-a4bb-c940cacc1f7a.
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This work explores the interactive documentary as a hybrid, emergent cultural form that has been shaped by the growth of digital interactive entertainment. Through investigation and analysis of the historical background of documentary, the research discusses the development of documentary film, examining the notions of truth, objectivity and authorship in factual media, and their relationship with existing understandings of interactivity. Critical parameters are then derived to objectify the process of deconstructing interactive and documentary media forms. An inclusive view is taken on the categorisation and classification of interactive documentary, informed by the fundamental constructs of both traditional documentary and interactive media. The constructs and structures of interaction and narrative are highlighted to facilitate the identification and examination of existing examples of factual interactive entertainment– from computer generated documentary games to navigable filmic forms. The thesis proposes a range of characterisation frameworks for the study of interactive documentary and these are applied towards case study analysis of sixteen interactive productions. The final work presented in this thesis proposes a theoretical framework for the analysis and development of immersive, interactive documentary experiences, encompassing the processes of content creation and consumption from the perspectives of both audience and director.
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Pang, Po-yee Patricia, and 彭寶儀. "Institutional talk: question-answer sequencesin classroom interaction." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B26839568.
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Dyer, Matthew D. "Pathosystems Biology: Computational Prediction and Analysis of Host-Pathogen Protein Interaction Networks." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28141.
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An important aspect of systems biology is the elucidation of the protein-protein interactions (PPIs) that control important biological processes within a cell and between organisms. In particular, at the cellular and molecular level, interactions between a pathogen and its host play a vital role in initiating infection and a successful pathogenesis. Despite recent successes in the advancement of the systems biology of model organisms to understand complex diseases, the analysis of infectious diseases at the systems-level has not received as much attention. Since pathogen related disease is responsible for millions of deaths and billions of dollars in damage to crops and livestock, understanding the mechanisms employed by pathogens to infect their hosts is critical in the development of new and effective therapeutic strategies. The research presented here is one of the first computational approaches to studying host-pathogen PPI networks. This dissertation has two main aims. First, we discuss analytical tools for studying host-pathogen networks to identify common pathways perturbed and manipulated by pathogens. We present the first global comparison of the host-pathogen PPI networks of 190 different pathogens and their interactions with human proteins. We also present the construction and analysis of three highly infectious human-bacterial PPI networks: Bacillus anthracis, Francislla tularensis, and Yersinia pestis. The second aim of the research presented here is the development of predictive models for identifying PPIs between host and pathogen proteins. We present two methods: (i) a domain-based approach that uses frequency of domain-pairs in intra-species PPIs, and (ii) a supervised machine learning method that is trained on known inter-species PPIs. The techniques developed in this dissertation, along with the informative datasets presented, will serve as a foundation for the field of computational pathosystems biology.Ph. D.
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Dyer, Matthew David. "Pathosystems Biology: Computational Prediction and Analysis of Host-Pathogen Protein Interaction Networks." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28141.
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An important aspect of systems biology is the elucidation of the protein-protein interactions (PPIs) that control important biological processes within a cell and between organisms. In particular, at the cellular and molecular level, interactions between a pathogen and its host play a vital role in initiating infection and a successful pathogenesis. Despite recent successes in the advancement of the systems biology of model organisms to understand complex diseases, the analysis of infectious diseases at the systems-level has not received as much attention. Since pathogen related disease is responsible for millions of deaths and billions of dollars in damage to crops and livestock, understanding the mechanisms employed by pathogens to infect their hosts is critical in the development of new and effective therapeutic strategies. The research presented here is one of the first computational approaches to studying host-pathogen PPI networks. This dissertation has two main aims. First, we discuss analytical tools for studying host-pathogen networks to identify common pathways perturbed and manipulated by pathogens. We present the first global comparison of the host-pathogen PPI networks of 190 different pathogens and their interactions with human proteins. We also present the construction and analysis of three highly infectious human-bacterial PPI networks: Bacillus anthracis, Francislla tularensis, and Yersinia pestis. The second aim of the research presented here is the development of predictive models for identifying PPIs between host and pathogen proteins. We present two methods: (i) a domain-based approach that uses frequency of domain-pairs in intra-species PPIs, and (ii) a supervised machine learning method that is trained on known inter-species PPIs. The techniques developed in this dissertation, along with the informative datasets presented, will serve as a foundation for the field of computational pathosystems biology.Ph. D.
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Tehranchi, Shiela. "Particule « enfin » en français parlé et ses fonctions en discours et l'interaction." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20059.
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Dans les interactions langagières, l'usage de la particule enfin traduit diverses activités discursives des locuteurs. L'objectif de cette étude est de déterminer la fréquence et les variétés d’occurrence de ce petit mot dans les interactions, selon les situations et les types d’activités dans lesquels les sujets s’engagent, afin d'appréhender au mieux ses caractéristiques interactionnelles et fonctionnelles. Nous mobiliserons à cette fin un cadre d'analyse pluridimensionnel (analyse conversationnelle, discours en interaction). Notre méthode de travail repose sur une analyse des activités verbales des interactions, à partir d'enregistrements audio/ vidéo. Dans cette perspective, nous recensons les éléments récurrents gravitant autour de la particule enfin, les collectons, pour ensuite les convertir en formats. Ces formats nous conduisent à dégager sept valeurs principales de enfin dont chacune se subdivise en plusieurs sous-catégories et qui peuvent parfois avoir une portée contradictoire (conclusive/ introductive, interruptive/progressive, etc.). Dans une approche inter-discursive, enfin montre aussi une dissemblance de modalités d'usage conditionnées par le contexte. Enfin intervient de manière divergente selon que le cadre formel de la même manière que dans un cadre informelIn linguistic interaction, the use of the particle enfin provide various discursive activities of the speakers. In this study, we aim at determining the frequency and the occurrence varieties of this short word in the interaction, according to situations and types of activity in which the subjects commit themselves, in order to understand its interactionnal and functional characteristics. Following this purpose, we decide to adopt a multidimensional analysis framework (Conversation Analysis , Discourse in Interactions ). Our work method relies on the analysis of the participants verbal activities. It is based on audio/ video recordings. Therefore, we take notice of the recurring elements surrounding the particle, we collect these elements to convert them into the formats: seven usages of enfin have been identified, each of them subdivided in several subcategories and which can sometimes have a contradictory range (conclusive/ introductory, discontinuity/continuity, etc). In an inter-discursive approach, enfin betrays a dissimilarity in its use due to the context. As a conclusion, we can say that enfin operates differently depending to the framework nature (formal / informal)
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Seldeen, Kenneth Ladd. "Biophysical Analysis of the AP1-DNA Interaction." Scholarly Repository, 2009. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/259.
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Jun and Fos are components of the AP1 family of transcription factors that bind to the promoters of a diverse multitude of genes involved in critical cellular responses such as cell growth and proliferation, cell cycle regulation, embryonic development and cancer. The specific protein-DNA interactions are driven by the binding of basic zipper (bZIP) domains of Jun and Fos to TPA response element (TRE) and cAMP response element (CRE) within the promoters of target genes. Here, using a diverse array of biophysical techniques, including in particular isothermal titration calorimetry in conjunction with molecular modeling and semi-empirical analysis, I characterize AP1-DNA interactions in thermodynamic and structural terms. My data show that the binding of bZIP domains of Jun-Fos heterodimer to TRE and CRE are under enthalpic control accompanied by entropic penalty at physiological temperatures. This is in agreement with the notion that protein-DNA interactions are largely driven by electrostatic interactions and intermolecular hydrogen bonding. A larger than expected heat capacity change suggests that the basic regions within the bZIP domains are unstructured in the absence of DNA and interact in a coupled folding and binding manner. Further analysis demonstrates that Jun-Fos heterodimer can tolerate single nucleotide variants of the TRE consensus sequence and binds in the biologically relevant micromolar to submicromolar range. Of particular interest is the observation that the Jun-Fos heterodimer binds to specific variants in a preferred orientation. 3D atomic models reveal that such preference in orientation results from asymmetric binding and may in part be attributable to chemically distinct but structurally equivalent residues within the basic regions of Jun and Fos. I further demonstrate that binding of the biologically relevant Jun-Jun homodimer to TRE and CRE occurs with favorable enthalpic contributions accompanied by entropic penalty at physiological temperatures in a manner akin to the binding of Jun-Fos heterodimer. However, anomalously large negative heat capacity changes provoke a model whereby Jun loads onto DNA as unfolded monomers coupled with subsequent folding and homodimerization upon association. The data also reveal that the heterodimerization of leucine zippers is modulated by the basic regions and these regions may undergo at least partial folding upon heterodimerization. Large negative heat capacity changes accompanying the heterodimerization of leucine zippers are consistent with the view that leucine zippers do not retain a-helical conformation in isolation and the formation of the native coiled coil a-helical dimer is attained through a coupled folding-dimerization mechanism. Taken together, this dissertation marks the first comprehensive thermodynamic analysis of an otherwise well-studied and vitally important transcription factor. My studies shed new light on the forces driving the AP1-DNA interaction in thermodynamic and structural terms. The implications of these novel findings on the development of novel therapies for the treatment of disease with greater efficacy coupled with low toxicity cannot be overemphasized.
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Hofert, Glenn D. "Spectral analysis of vortex/free-surface interaction." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA283210.
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Liu, Huiqing. "Analysis and modeling of wave-current interaction." NCSU, 2006. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-10192006-144755/.
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The main task of this study focuses on studying the effect of wave-current interaction on currents, storm surge and inundation as well as effects of depth-induced wave breaking, wind field and current on waves by using numerical models. The results show that it is important to incorporate the wave-current interaction effect into coastal circulation, storm surge and inundation models. At the same time, it should consider effects of depth-induced wave breaking, wind field, currents and sea surface elevation in prediction of waves. Specially, we found that: (1) Depth-induced wave breaking plays an important role in wave field in shallow water areas; (2) To more properly model the hurricane induced wave field, it is important to consider the asymmetric structure of the hurricane wind field, the changes in the hurricane translation time history, and the incorporation background wind field into hurricane wind field; (3) For SWH, it will be decreased when waves propagate in the following current direction. On the other hand, current will increase the SWH when waves propagate countercurrent direction. The change of wave propagation direction after crossing Gulf Stream depends not only on refraction, but also on others (e.g. trap waves effect). (4) It is important to introduce wave-current effects into any storm surge and inundation prediction modeling system. Specially, the consideration of wave-induced wind stress, bottom shear stress, and 3-D radiation stress in storm surge and inundation modeling can significantly improve the correctness of the prediction.
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Mole, David. "Analysis of the HIF-p VHL interaction." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401110.
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Zolghadr, Zadeh Jahromi Hamid. "Partitioned analysis of nonlinear soil-structure interaction." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.512070.
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Kelly, William Paul. "On the analysis of protein interaction networks." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509495.
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Prakash, Karthik. "Tire-soil interaction analysis of forest machines." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-156884.
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Cut-to-length logging is a mechanized method for delimbing trees and cutting them to length. It is a two-machine operation; taken care by a harvester and a forwarder. The forwarder can cause soil rutting, soil compaction and other detrimental after effects. Therefore it has become vital to protect the forest floor from destructive effects of heavy machines. This initiated the study to delve more into the interaction between the loaded forwarder wheel and the soil. Various WES based rut depth models has been compared to validate its effectiveness in predicting the rut depths. New models have been developed to estimate the rut depth produced by the multipass effect of wheels. Models that could predict the contact pressure between the tire and soil as well as the tire soil contact area has been studied. Various relations to determine the mobility parameters have also been studied. The ones that are suitable to predict mobility parameters have been identified. Roots play a major role in reinforcing the soil and protecting them. This extra reinforcement provided by roots has been taken into account in the thesis work. Lab test with pine tree roots have been carried out to determine the extra reinforcement supplied. Models that are capable of predicting the reinforcement effects due to roots have also been looked into. An initial step towards connecting WES and Bekker models have been done; available models correlating both WES and Bekker models have been analysed and finally a set of relations connecting both have been derived. The effect of slip on sinkage has been studied with the help of both WES and Bekker based models. Multibody simulation software MSC Adams has been used to simulate the forwarder model to determine its suitability for rut depth prediction. Adams has been employed to study the effect of tire inflation pressure and velocity on rut depth.Kortvirkesmetoden är en mekaniserad för skogsavverkning. Det är en två-maskinsprocess, som utförs av en skördare och en skotare. Skotaren kan orsaka skador på marken, som exempelvis spårbildning och markpackning. Det har blivit allt viktigare att skydda skogen från de marskador orsakade av tunga maskiner. Detta är en initiell studie av samspelet mellan mark och hjul på en lastad skotare. Olika WES-baserade spårdjupsmodeller har jämförts för att värdera deras förmåga att prediktera spårdjupen. Nya modeller har också utvecklats för att uppskatta relationen mellan spårdjup och flera hjulpassager. Modeller som kan prediktera kontakttrycket mellan däcket och marken, samt däckets markkontaktarea har studerats. Olika relationer för att bestämma mobilitetsparametrarna har också studerats. Rötter spelar en viktig roll för att öka markens bärighet och att skydda den. Rötternas effekt på markens bärighet har behandlats i examensarbetet. Labbtester med tallrötter har genomförts för att bestämma deras armeringseffekt. Modeller som kan användas för att prediktera rötternas effekter har också studerats. Ett första steg för att kunna kombinera WES- och Bekker-modeller har utförts, tillgängliga modeller som korrelerar WES- och Bekker-modeller har behandlats och en uppsättning relationer som relaterar de båda modellerna har härletts. Effekten av halka i samband med nedsjunkning har studerats med hjälp av både WES- och Bekkerbaserade modeller. Dynamiksimuleringsprogramet MSC Adams har använts för att simulera skotarmodellen för att bestämma dess lämplighet för spårdjupsförutsägelse. Adams har använts för att studera vilken effekt olika däcktryck och hastighet har på spårdjupet.
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Jonsson, Pall Freyr. "Computational analysis of protein-protein interaction networks." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439848.
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Lee, Eun-Joo. "Statistical analysis software for multiplicative interaction models /." Search for this dissertation online, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ksu/main.
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CARNAVALE, THIAGO DE SOUZA. "SOIL-THUNDER INTERACTION: A FIELD MONITORING ANALYSIS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=36899@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
FUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
BOLSA NOTA 10
A presente tese tem como objetivo avaliar a interação trovão-solo no que toca a ocorrência de trovões e suas características microssísmicas, apontando a influência de vibrações induzidas para a redução do fator de segurança em uma análise (pseudo-estática) de estabilidade de encostas. Considerando a abordagem inédita, foi efetuado um levantamento teórico com o intuito de apresentar as principais características dos relâmpagos e suas correlações com o solo. Como material, foi utilizado um solo coluvionar, composto principalmente de quartzo, feldspato e biotita. O referido foi caracterizado através de métodos padrão (complementados com o uso da microtomografia 3D), e a retenção e disponibilidade de água foram reveladas. Foi efetuado um monitoramento de campo de longo prazo para avaliar a correlação entre os dados climáticos (incluindo incidência de raios) e o potencial hídrico dos solos. Por fim, foi utilizado uma estação para monitoramento sismográfico para captar as vibrações induzidas por trovões nos solos. Os resultados mostram 39 ocorrências de raios próximos ao local de monitoramento de campo. O monitoramento sísmico mostrou que os trovões causam sinais microssísmicos compostos por acelerações de pico do solo até 0,02 m/s ao quadrado. Em conclusão, para fins geotécnicos, o trovão é um assunto que pode ser avaliado à luz de um carregamento sísmico.
The present thesis aims to evaluate thunder-soil interaction verifying the influence of its induced vibrations to the reduction of the factor of safety in a pseudo-static slope stability analysis. In order to carry out this research, considering the unpublished approach, a theoretical survey was made in order to present the main characteristics of the lightning and its correlations with the soil. As a material, a colluvial soil, mainly composed of quartz, feldspar and biotite was characterized by standard methods (supplemented with the use of 3D microtomography) in order to reveal its mineral composition, structural arrangement and water retention. After field and laboratory calibration of the water potential and volumetric moisture sensors, a long-term field monitoring was performed to evaluate the correlation between climatic data (including lightning incidence) and soil water potential. Finally, a seismographic monitoring station was used to capture the vibrations induced by thunder in the soils. The results depicted 39 lightning events near the field monitoring site. However, no rapid variation of water potential was revealed during thunderstorm days. Seismic monitoring showed that thunder caused micro-seismic signals composed of ground peak accelerations up to 0.02 m/s squared. In conclusion, for geotechnical purposes, thunder is a subject that can be evaluated in the light of pseudostatic loads. However, further researches are required to verify the vibrations of larger magnitudes, induced by rays that occur at smaller distances of the seismic monitoring point.
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Dong, Yu-An 1974. "Statistical analysis of protein interaction network topology." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28925.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, February 2005.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 116-117).
Complex networks arise in diverse areas of natural and social sciences and network topology is a key determinant of such systems. In this work we investigate the protein-protein interaction network of the KSHV herpesvirus, which is the first viral system available, and compare it to a prototypical cellular system. On the local level, we investigated the relationship between interaction and sequence evolution, functional class, phylogenetic class, and expression profiles. On the global level, we focused on large-scale properties like small-world, scale-free, and attack tolerance. Major differences were discovered between viral and cellular systems, and we were able to pinpoint directions for further investigation, both theoretically and experimentally. New approaches to discover functional associations through interaction patterns were also presented and validated. To put the KSHV network in the context of host interactions, we were able to predict interactions between KSHV and human proteins and use them to connect the KSHV and human PPI networks. Though simulations, we show that the combined viral-host network is distinct from and superior to equivalent randomly combined networks. Our combined network provides the first-draft of a viral-host system, which is crucial to understanding viral pathogenicity. In a separate chapter, the results of a project combining experiments and bioinformatics are also presented. We were able to report [approximately]30 new yeast protein-protein interactions and pinpoint the biological significance of some of those interactions. The methodology of yeast two-hybrid itself is also tested and assessed.
by Yu-An Dong.
Ph.D.
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Costantino, Lorenzo. "Analysis of aerosol-cloud interaction from space." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VERS0004.
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Le but de cette thèse est de fournir une analyse exhaustive des interactions entre nuages et aérosols dans le Sud-Est de l'Atlantique, en quantifiant l'impact des aérosols sur le bilan radiatif régional en ondes courtes. Pour cet objectif, nous avons utilisé les données satellitaires de MODIS, PARASOL et CALIPSO, qui fournissent des observations complémentaires et quasi simultanées. L'idée principale qui a permis une analyse originale est d'utiliser les observations du lidar CALIPSO pour identifier les cas pour lesquels les couches d’aérosols et nuages vues par MODIS et PARASOL sont en interaction (mélangées) et ceux pour lesquels ils sont clairement disjoints. Il ressort de cette analyse que les propriétés des nuages sont fortement influencées par l'interaction avec les aérosols (premier effet indirect). On observe une diminution du rayon efficace de gouttelettes et du contenu en eau sous l'effet d’une hausse de la concentration des particules polluantes. En revanche, nous n’avons pas mis en évidence une modification significative de la réflectance des nuages. Lorsque les aérosols et les nuages sont mélangés, on observe aussi une diminution de l’occurrence des précipitations (second effet indirect) et l'augmentation de la couverture nuageuse. D'autre part, la fraction nuageuse est affectée par la présence d'aérosols, même si les particules de pollution sont situées au-dessus du sommet des nuages (sans interaction physique). Cette observation est interprétée comme étant une conséquence de l'effet radiatif des aérosols. Pour quantifier le forçage radiatif direct et indirect des aérosols, nous avons utilisé un code de transfert radiatif rapide à onde courte, contraint par les observations satellitaires. Sur six ans (2005-2010), le forçage moyen est faible et égal à -0. 07 (direct) et -0. 05 (indirect) W/m². Le forçage total est donc négatif (refroidissement) et égal à -0. 12 W/m²The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive analysis of cloud and aerosol interaction over South-East Atlantic, to quantify the overall aerosol impact on the regional radiation budget. We used data from MODIS, PARASOL and CALIPSO satellites, that fly in close proximity on the same sun-synchronous orbit and allow for complementary observations of the same portion of the atmosphere, within a few minutes. The main idea is to use CALIPSO vertical information to define whether or not aerosol and cloud layers observed by MODIS and PARASOL are mixed and interacting. We found evidences that, in case of interaction, cloud properties are strongly influenced by aerosol presence (first indirect effect). In particular, there is a decrease in cloud droplet effective radius and liquid water path with aerosol enhancement. On the other hand, we could not evidence any significant impact on the cloud reflectance. We also analyzed the aerosol impact on precipitation (second indirect effect). In polluted low clouds over the ocean, we found evidence of precipitation suppression and cloud cover increase with increasing aerosol concentration. On the other hand, cloud fraction is shown to be affected by aerosol presence, even if pollution particles are located above cloud top, without physical interaction. This observation is interpreted as a consequence of the aerosol radiative effect. Aerosol shortwave direct (DRF) and indirect (IRF) radiative forcing at TOA has been quantified, with the use of a radiative transfer model constrained by satellite observations. For the direct effect, there is a competition between cooling (negative, due to light scattering by the aerosols) and warming (positive, due to the absorption by the same particles). The six year (2005-2010) mean estimate is equal to -0. 07 (DRF) and -0. 05 (IRF) W/m². The resulting total aerosol forcing is negative (cooling) and equal to -0. 12 W/m²
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Desai, Urvashi. "Student Interaction Network Analysis on Canvas LMS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1588339724934746.
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Robertson, Julie. "Accommodative phonostylistic variation in conversational interaction." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=62162.
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Ho, Yee-wan Yvonne. "Repair in teacher-student interaction inside the classroom." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3685668X.
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Kordi, Maryam. "Geographically weighted spatial interaction (GWSI)." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4112.
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One of the key concerns in spatial analysis and modelling is to study and analyse similarities or dissimilarities between places over geographical space. However, ”global“ spatial models may fail to identify spatial variations of relationships (spatial heterogeneity) by assuming spatial stationarity of relationships. In many real-life situations spatial variation in relationships possibly exists and the assumption of global stationarity might be highly unrealistic leading to ignorance of a large amount of spatial information. In contrast, local spatial models emphasise differences or dissimilarity over space and focus on identifying spatial variations in relationships. These models allow the parameters of models to vary locally and can provide more useful information on the processes generating the data in different parts of the study area. In this study, a framework for localising spatial interaction models, based on geographically weighted (GW) techniques, has been developed. This framework can help in detecting, visualising and analysing spatial heterogeneity in spatial interaction systems. In order to apply the GW concept to spatial interaction models, we investigate several approaches differing mainly in the way calibration points (flows) are defined and spatial separation (distance) between flows is calculated. As a result, a series of localised geographically weighted spatial interaction (GWSI) models are developed. Using custom-built algorithms and computer code, we apply the GWSI models to a journey-to-work dataset in Switzerland for validation and comparison with the related global models. The results of the model calibrations are visualised using a series of conventional and flow maps along with some matrix visualisations. The comparison of the results indicates that in most cases local GWSI models exhibit an improvement over the global models both in providing more useful local information and also in model performance and goodness-of-fit.
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Ohemeng-Dapaah, Seth. "Methods for analysis and interpretation of genotype by environment interaction." Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301970.
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Florez, Omar Ulises. "Knowledge Extraction in Video Through the Interaction Analysis of Activities Knowledge Extraction in Video Through the Interaction Analysis of Activities." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1720.
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Video is a massive amount of data that contains complex interactions between moving objects. The extraction of knowledge from this type of information creates a demand for video analytics systems that uncover statistical relationships between activities and learn the correspondence between content and labels. However, those are open research problems that have high complexity when multiple actors simultaneously perform activities, videos contain noise, and streaming scenarios are considered. The techniques introduced in this dissertation provide a basis for analyzing video. The primary contributions of this research consist of providing new algorithms for the efficient search of activities in video, scene understanding based on interactions between activities, and the predicting of labels for new scenes.
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Merrill, Craig F. "Numerical analysis of single-vortex/free-surface interaction." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA276462.
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Thesis (M.S. in Mechanical Engineering and Mechanical Engineer) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1993.Thesis advisor(s): Sarpkaya, Turgut. "December 1993." Bibliography: p. 74. Also available online.
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Van, den Bergh Michael. "Visual body pose analysis for human-computer interaction." Konstanz Hartung-Gorre, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1000839370/04.
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Salcedo, Suzana Pinto. "Analysis of salmonella typhimurium interaction with host cells." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406437.
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Shepherd, David. "TEFL methods articles : text analysis and reader interaction." Thesis, Durham University, 1992. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5710/.
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EFL teachers from the Brazilian public sector have often experienced difficulties in efficiently accessing the relevant information from articles published in 'English Teaching Forum'. This study attempts to investigate these difficulties from both 'text-analytical' and 'reader-based' perspectives and begins with a brief profile of the teachers concerned. An analytical framework incorporating elements from several approaches, specifically those of Hoey (1973) and Swales (1990) is used to highlight the organisational features from a selection of 'Forum' articles. It is then hypothesised that certain clause-relational macropatterns will facilitate access and be focused upon by 'successful' readers; in contrast, writer 'justification' moves are seen as potential barriers to efficient comprehension. A sample of FL methods articles written by Brazilians and published in Portuguese is then analysed and the same set of analytical parameters are found to be valid for describing their organisational features. A review of processing models of text comprehension and related FL reading research is made following the second 'reader-based' perspective. A set of criteria regarding the processing strategies of 'successful' and 'less-skilled' FL readers is established. Verbal report methodologies are argued as a suitable means of testing both the text-analytical hypotheses and the reader processing criteria. Various types of field work carried out in the collection of verbal report data from Brazilian EFL teachers reading 'Forum' articles are then described. Groups of 'successful' and 'problematic' readers are defined according to the processing strategies revealed in the verbal reports. Although there are substantial variations in the individual strategies of individual readers, and evidence of the influence of text informativity, the 'successful' processing consistently included focusing on the clause-relational macro signals; in contrast, there was little evidence of activation of the same text features by the 'problematic' readers. Finally suggestions are made for including FL methods articles, text-analytical elements, and verbal reporting on INSED-TEFL courses in Brazil.
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Sun, Zhigang. "Finite element analysis of footwear and ground interaction." Thesis, University of Salford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490482.
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Good slip resistant tread patterns of outer-sole of military boots are vital to minimize the risk or severity of slip in combat and physical training situations. This study was aimed at how plastic failure of soil mass develops between the boot outer-sole with cleats and soft soil surfaces, in contrast with the problem between hard surfaces outer-sole of boot which can be simply modelled using Coulomb-friction representation.
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鄭榕明 and Yung-ming Cheng. "Large strain elasto-plastic soil-structure interaction analysis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31232528.
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Raosa, Andrea Natalia <1985>. "Analysis and mathematical modeling of wave-structure interaction." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6626/.
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The aim of this thesis, included within the THESEUS project, is the development of a mathematical model 2DV two-phase, based on the existing code IH-2VOF developed by the University of Cantabria, able to represent together the overtopping phenomenon and the sediment transport.
Several numerical simulations were carried out in order to analyze the flow characteristics on a dike crest. The results show that the seaward/landward slope does not affect the evolution of the flow depth and velocity over the dike crest whereas the most important parameter is the relative submergence. Wave heights decrease and flow velocities increase while waves travel over the crest. In particular, by increasing the submergence, the wave height decay and the increase of the velocity are less marked. Besides, an appropriate curve able to fit the variation of the wave height/velocity over the dike crest were found. Both for the wave height and for the wave velocity different fitting coefficients were determined on the basis of the submergence and of the significant wave height. An equation describing the trend of the dimensionless coefficient c_h for the wave height was derived. These conclusions could be taken into consideration for the design criteria and the upgrade of the structures.
In the second part of the thesis, new equations for the representation of the sediment transport in the IH-2VOF model were introduced in order to represent beach erosion while waves run-up and overtop the sea banks during storms. The new model allows to calculate sediment fluxes in the water column together with the sediment concentration. Moreover it is possible to model the bed profile evolution. Different tests were performed under low-intensity regular waves with an homogeneous layer of sand on the bottom of a channel in order to analyze the erosion-deposition patterns and verify the model results.
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Hunt, Geoffrey A. "Dynamic analysis of railway vehicle/track interaction forces." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1986. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7492.
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Methods of predicting the dynamic forces are developed for the cases of vehicles negotiating vertical and lateral track irregularities. The bounds of validity of various models of the track are evaluated, from single degree of freedom, lumped parameter models to the case of a two layered beam on elastic foundation with a moving dynamic load. For the case of the lateral response of a vehicle negotiating a track switch, a finite element model of the track is also developed. The vehicle model developed for-the vertical case contains all the rigid body modes of a four axle vehicle for which primary and secondary suspension can be included with viscous or friction suspension damping. Solution of the vehicle/track interaction problem for these non-linear models is obtained by numerical integration, vehicle and track being connected by the non-linear wheel/rail contact stiffness. The most significant forces are shown to arise from the interaction of the unsprung mass and track resilience, with the vehicle modes also making a significant contribution, particularly in friction damped cases. For the lateral case use is made of an existing model of transient vehicle behaviour containing the wheel/rail contact non-linearities, to which track resilience is added in order to predict the track forces. The model is used to predict the forces which would be anticipated at discrete lateral irregularities such as those to be found at track switches. Once again the interaction with the track introduces modes of vibration which are significant in terms of wheel/rail forces. Comparison is made with experimental results obtained from full scale tests in the field. In one experiment the vertical track forces due to a range of vehicles negotiating a series of dipped welds in the track were measured, and in a second the lateral forces were recorded at the site of an artificially introduced lateral kink. A particular application of the results is in the prediction of the rate of deterioration of vertical and lateral geometry due to dynamic forces. This is to offer an improved understanding of the deterioration mechanism in order to influence the future design of vehicles and track to reduce maintenance costs.
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Anderson, Henrik. "Development of Electroacoustic Sensors for Biomolecular Interaction Analysis." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-107211.
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Cheng, Yung-ming. "Large strain elasto-plastic soil-structure interaction analysis /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13212758.
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Cong, Rong. "Functional analysis of nucleolin-chromatin interaction in vivo." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ENSL0636.
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La nucléoline, une des protéines non-ribosomique les plus abondantes du nucléole, semble être impliquée dans de nombreux aspects du métabolisme de l'ADN en plus de son rôle dans la régulation de la transcription par l'ARN polymérase I, la maturation du pré-ARNr et l’assemblage des ribosomes. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier l'interaction de la nucléoline avec la chromatine, et de déchiffrer la fonction de la nucléoline dans la régulation de l’expression génique. Il a été rapporté que la nucléoline est nécessaire pour la transcription des gènes codant pour l'ADN ribosomal in vivo, mais le mécanisme par lequel la nucléoline module la transcription d’ARN polymérase I (Pol I) est inconnue. Dans cette thèse, je montre que l’inhibition de l’expression de la nucléoline par siRNAconduit dans les gènes de l’ADNr à une augmentation de la marque hétérochromatine et une diminution des marques caractéristiques de l’euchromatine. La nucléoline est associée à des gènes ADNr non méthylés et ChIP-seq montrent un fort enrichissement de la nucléoline dans le promoteur et la région codante de l'ADNr. La nucléoline est capable d'interférer avec la liaison de TTF-1 sur le terminateur T0 proches du promoteur inhibant ainsi le recrutement du sous-unité NoRC TIP5 et HDAC1 et la création d'un état répressif hétérochromatine. Cette invasion de macroH2A1 dans le nucléole joue un rôle majeur dans l'inhibition de la transcription par la RNA Polymérase I en l'absence de la nucléoline. Ces résultats révèlent l'importance de la nucléoline pour le maintien de l'état euchromatien de l'ADNr et le rôle de macroH2A1 dans la régulation de la transcription de l'ADNrBesides the well-known role of the nucleolus in ribosome biogenesis, nucleoli play important roles in the regulation of many fundamental cellular processes, including cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, telomerase production, RNA processing and therefore it is not surprising that many nucleolar proteins appear to be multifunctional proteins. Nucleolin, one of the most abundant non-ribosomal proteins of the nucleolus, has been the focus of many studies since it was first described 35 years ago. It seems to be involved in many aspects of DNA metabolism, chromatin regulation and appeared to be a good pharmacological target for drug development in addition to its role in RNA polymerase I transcription and pre-ribosomal processing and assembly in pre-ribosomes. In eukaryotic cells, DNA is packed into nucleosomes to form chromatin in the nucleus. The cells develop a variety of strategies to overcome the nucleosomal barriers. These strategies include DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, incorporation of histone variants and ATP dependent chromatin remodeling. The aim of this thesis is to study the interaction of nucleolin with chromatin, and to decipher the mechanism of nucleolin in gene regulation. It was reported that nucleolin possesses a histone chaperone activity, helps the transcription through nucleosomes, and it is required for ribosomal DNA gene (rDNA) transcription in vivo, but the mechanism by which nucleolin modulates RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription is unknown. In the thesis it is shown that nucleolin knockdown results in an increase of the heterochromatin mark H3K9me2 and a decrease of H4K12Ac and H3K4me3 euchromatin histone marks in rDNA genes. Nucleolin is associated with unmethylated rDNA genes and ChIP-seq experiments identified a strong enrichment of nucleolin in the promoter and coding regions of rDNA. Nucleolin is able to interfere with the binding of TTF-1 on the promoter-proximal terminator T0 thus inhibiting the recruitment of the nucleolar remodeling complex (NoRC) subunit TIP5 and HDAC1 and the establishment of a repressive heterochromatin state. In addition, in absence of nucleolin or after inhibition of Pol I by actinomycin D, a strong relocalization of the histone variant macroH2A1 to the nucleolus and on the rDNA genes was observed. This invasion of macroH2A1 in the nucleolus plays a major role in the inhibition of Pol I transcription in absence of nucleolin, as knockdown of macroH2A1 eliminates the repressive effect of nucleolin depletion. These results reveal the importance of nucleolin for the maintenance of the euchromatin state of rDNA required for an efficient production of ribosomal RNAs and the role of macroH2A1 in rDNA transcription
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Singh, Rohit Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Algorithms for the analysis of protein interaction networks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/71489.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-117).
In the decade since the human genome project, a major research trend in biology has been towards understanding the cell as a system. This interest has stemmed partly from a deeper appreciation of how important it is to understand the emergent properties of cellular systems (e.g., they seem to be the key to understanding diseases like cancer). It has also been enabled by new high-throughput techniques that have allowed us to collect new types of data at the whole-genome scale. We focus on one sub-domain of systems biology: the understanding of protein interactions. Such understanding is valuable: interactions between proteins are fundamental to many cellular processes. Over the last decade, high-throughput experimental techniques have allowed us to collect a large amount of protein-protein interaction (PPI) data for many species. A popular abstraction for representing this data is the protein interaction network: each node of the network represents a protein and an edge between two nodes represents a physical interaction between the two corresponding proteins. This abstraction has proven to be a powerful tool for understanding the systems aspects of protein interaction. We present some algorithms for the augmentation, cleanup and analysis of such protein interaction networks: 1. In many species, the coverage of known PPI data remains partial. Given two protein sequences, we describe an algorithm to predict if two proteins physically interact, using logistic regression and insights from structural biology. We also describe how our predictions may be further improved by combining with functional-genomic data. 2. We study systematic false positives in a popular experimental protocol, the Yeast 2-Hybrid method. Here, some "promiscuous" proteins may lead to many false positives. We describe a Bayesian approach to modeling and adjusting for this error. 3. Comparative analysis of PPI networks across species can provide valuable insights. We describe IsoRank, an algorithm for global network alignment of multiple PPI networks. The algorithm first constructs an eigenvalue problem that encapsulates the network and sequence similarity constraints. The solution of the problem describes a k-partite graph that is further processed to find the alignment. 4. For a given signaling network, we describe an algorithm that combines RNA-interference data with PPI data to produce hypotheses about the structure of the signaling network. Our algorithm constructs a multi-commodity flow problem that expresses the constraints described by the data and finds a sparse solution to it.
by Rohit Singh.
Ph.D.
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Yao, Shengyue. "Game theoretical approach on vehicle-cyclist interaction analysis." Thesis, KTH, Transportvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-181946.
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Traffic conflict between cyclist and vehicle is typical phenomenon at interaction, and some microscopic models have been proposed to describe the cyclists’ and vehicle drivers’ behaviour. In this thesis, the interactions between vehicles and cyclists are formed as games. The subjects involved in the interaction are modelled to pursue their maximum rewards. This thesis assumes that all game players have an objective of travelling by a steady speed subject to safety constraints. With the assumption of being non-cooperative, static, strategic and complete information game, the players apply strategies satisfying the Nash equilibrium. Four different models are formulated by adjusting the number of model parameters. Based on the modelling framework, a case study is carried out concerning cyclist-vehicle interaction at a Swedish unsignalized roundabout. Using data collected by video cameras, the model parameters are estimated by the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) approach. Furthermore, one best model is selected according to the performance results. The selected model is examined by data collected afterwards, and the results of validation indicate that this framework is effective in capturing bicycle-vehicle interaction behaviour. Using the better model identified, simulation is carried out to analyse the influential factors on the yielding probabilities for both cyclists and vehicle drivers.
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Zhu, Kaixin. "Nuclear Reactor Seismic Analysis Considering Soil-Structure Interaction." Thesis, KTH, Fysik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231328.
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Yapalparvi, Ramesh. "Theoretical and numerical analysis of viscous-inviscid interaction." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2007. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488457.
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