Academic literature on the topic 'Inter-sectional aspect'

Ultrasound imaging (US) is a biosensing technique that is widely used in several healthcare disciplines (including physiotherapy) for assessing multiple muscle metrics, such as muscle morphology and quality. Since all biosensors need to be tested in order to demonstrate their reliability, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, identifying factors that affect their diagnostic accuracy is essential. Since previous studies analyzed the impact of sociodemographic but not body composition characteristics in US errors, this study aimed to assess whether body composition metrics are associated with ultrasound measurement errors. B-mode images of the lumbar multifidus muscle at the L5 level were acquired and analyzed in 47 healthy volunteers by two examiners (one experienced and one novice). The cross-sectional area, muscle perimeter, and mean echo intensity were calculated bilaterally. A correlation analysis and a multivariate linear regression model were used for assessing the inter-examiner differences with respect to body composition metrics. The results demonstrated good-to-excellent reliability estimates for the cross-sectional area, muscle perimeter, aspect ratio, roundness, circularity, and mean brightness metrics (all ICC > 0.85). However, solidity showed unacceptable reliability (ICC < 0.7). Age, height, total lean mass, trunk lean mass, and water volume were associated with inter-examiner disagreement on mean echo intensity. Cross-sectional area, perimeter, and roundness measurement errors were associated with lean mass and water volume.

PurposeThis paper aims to provide a holistic view to support the choice of appropriate strategy for conducting a knowledge transfer (KT) project in an international manufacturing network (IMN) environment. It proposes a model that includes multiple aspects of a KT project along with guidelines on each aspect.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve the research goals, multiple case study method was adopted. Data have been collected by conducting semi-structured interviews regarding five KT projects in three multinational corporations. Data were triangulated by means of comparisons to complementary data acquired through observations and archival documents.FindingsThe results of this paper detail the key issues of five KT projects. Furthermore, the paper proposes an aggregated model comprising the main aspects and strategies for a KT project within an IMN.Research limitations/implicationsDespite the abundant research on KT area, not many research projects provide holistic views on KT process. The focus has rather been sectional and concentrated on each specific aspect within the KT.Practical implicationsThe paper guides practitioners to identify multiple aspects in KT that will eventually increase the odds for successfully performing such projects.Originality/valueThe proposed learning network model improves the performance of KT projects by providing a holistic view including several factors that the organization should emphasize to succeed with inter-plant KT.

Abstract BACKGROUND An injury of the vertebral artery (VA) is one of the most catastrophic complications in the setting of cervical spine surgery. Anatomic variations of the VA can increase the risk of iatrogenic lacerations. OBJECTIVE To propose a novel and reproducible classification system that describes the position of the VA based on a 2-dimensional map on computed tomography angiographs (CTA). METHODS This cross-sectional retrospective study reviewed 248 consecutive CTAs of the cervical spine at a single academic institution between 2007 and 2018. The classification consists of a number that characterizes the location of the VA from the medio-lateral (ML) aspect of the vertebral body. In addition, a letter describes the VA location from the anterior-posterior (AP) aspect. The reliability and reproducibility were assessed by 2 independent raters on 200 VAs. RESULTS The inter- and intrarater reliability values showed the classification's reproducibility. The inter-rater reliability weighted κ-value for the ML aspect was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.93-0.93). The unweighted κ-value was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.86-1.00) for “at-risk” positions (ML grade ≥1), and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.75-1.00) for “high-risk” positions (ML grade ≥2). The weighted κ-value for the intrarater reliability was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.95-0.95). The unweighted κ-values for the intrarater reliability were 0.95 (95% CI: 0.91-0.99) for “at-risk” positions, and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.78-0.96) for “high-risk” positions. CONCLUSION The proposed classification is reliable, reproducible, and independent of individual anatomic size variations. The use of this novel grading system could improve the understanding and interdisciplinary communication about VA anomalies.

Background: Oral case presentations will be a vital component in medical career. The Student Oral Case Analysis (SOCA) is the assessment method of students’ ability in presenting their knowledge in case analysis, communication skills, and appropriate professional interactions. In fact, the studies in SOCA are still very limited. The aim of this study was to observe the validity and reliability of the oral assessment or SOCA in undergraduate medical education.Method: The cross sectional study in the third year students in the Medical Faculty of University Jenderal Ahmad Yani. Content-related validity was achieved by a panel expert in developing case and guide for examiners in SOCA, while concurrent validity was achieved by the correlation between SOCA and MCQ results. Inter-rater reliability was estimated by kappa coefficient.Results: The panel expert has done to receive the content validity. As concurrent validity evidence, the correlation between SOCA and MCQ result was 0.441 (p<0.01). Inter-rater reliability with the result of Kappa coefficient was 0.893 (p<0.01).Conclusion: The result shows that SOCA in undergraduate education was valid enough and reliable to assess the cognitive aspect.

This paper is concerned with the free vibration of variable stiffness laminated sandwich plates with curvilinear fibers. The three-dimensional elasticity theory and the p-version of the finite element method are adopted for the analysis. The skin is composed of one or more plies with curvilinear fibers. The fiber path orientation angle in a ply is assumed to vary linearly with the x coordinate. The plies may be stacked symmetrically or anti-symmetrically with respect to the middle surface of the plate. Each layer is modeled as one brick p-element. The principle of virtual displacements is used to derive the element stiffness and mass matrices. The generalized displacements at vertices, edges, and faces shared by elements are matched to ensure inter-element compatibility. Since no solutions are available for the free vibration of such variable stiffness laminated sandwich plates, the validity, convergence, and accuracy of the present three-dimensional method are established by comparing with existing three-dimensional frequencies for constant stiffness laminated sandwich plates with rectilinear fibers. The study reveals that inter-layer modal bending stresses are discontinuous; modal transverse shearing stresses are constant in the core; the sign of modal transverse shearing stresses can change through the thickness of the skin; and the shape of modal cross-sectional warping is influenced by the mode number and stacking sequence of plies. Three-dimensional frequencies are presented for different fiber orientation angles, boundary conditions, aspect ratios, thickness ratios, core/skin thickness ratios, and stacking sequences of plies. The accurate results presented here will serve as a benchmark for future investigations.

Despite the global economy growing up, the Indian Information technology industry is maintaining a steady pace of growth. Financial analysis is an aspect of the overall business finance function that involves examining historical data to gain information about the current and future financial health of a company. IT has the great possibility of becoming an engine of accelerated economic growth, efficiency, improvement for all sectors of the economy, developing India’s position in the export market, improving trade insufficiency, and means of efficient governance. It enhances the way into information, protects consumers, provides access to government services, makes skill creation and training more effective, improves the liberation of health services, and promotes simplicity. The inter-firm financial performance differential has been utilized to identify the factors that are critical in determining their financial performance. In this study, only the cross-sectional data of three countries over 10 years is collected. The cross-sectional samples are relatively small. Therefore, it is appropriate to use the LSDV Model. However, the pooled regression model will also consider for comparison. It is also convenient to Model the pooled regression Model, LSDV Model and uses R-squared, adjusted R-squared and pool ability Test to decide statistically on appropriate Model to be used The paper is structured as follows: it presents the scope of the study, a brief review of the literature dealing, followed by a description of the objectives, data, and methodology. Subsequently, it discusses the empirical results by two regression model and finally, offers the conclusion.

Background: Stress-related disorders encompass a broad array of conditions, including psychological disorders such as depression and anxiety etc. Among healthcare professionals, nurses have been found to be most prone to burnout.Aims and Objective: 1) To find out the prevalence of recent stress among staff nurses in terms of somatic symptoms, anxiety, social dysfunction and depression and; 2) To find out the association between these psychiatric outcomes and various socio-demographic variables, inter-personal relationships, working environment and professional stress.Materials and Methods: Institutional based cross sectional study conducted on 100 staff nurses. Goldberg and Hillier’s 28-item scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) was used to measure the psychological aspect of quality of life of Staff nurses. Results: The most common psychological outcome noted was the social dysfunction (94%) among the staff nurses. For anxiety, potential stressor were doctors’ attitude, insufficient salary and separate wash room for females; whereas significant association was found between depression and unsatisfactory attitude of doctors, fellow nurses, not enough time for rest and not getting enough holidays.Conclusion: Social dysfunction could be cause or effect of other psychiatric manifestations like anxiety or depressionAsian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 96-100

Objective Upper limb neurodynamic tests are used to evaluate the mechanical sensitivity of the peripheral nerves. However, very little is known about the reliability of upper limb neurodynamic tests, especially for the radial and ulnar nerves. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of neurodynamic tests of the upper extremities to test median, radial, and ulnar nerves. Materials & Methods In this observational cross-sectional study, 25 asymptomatic subjects aged 19-45 years participated. They were selected using simple non-random sampling. Then two examiners performed the neurodynamic tests on them on two successive days. The goal was to assess the reliability of median, radial, and ulnar neurodynamic tests. During the neurodynamic tests, the participants reported the initial stretching pain and the moment of submaximal pain (substantially obvious pain) in related areas of the nerve distribution, including the anterior side of the elbow and forearm for the median nerve, posterolateral aspect of the elbow and forearm for radial nerve, and medial side of elbow and forearm for the ulnar nerve. At the starting point of painful stretching and the submaximal pain, the angle of elbow extension (for median and radial nerve tests) and shoulder abduction angle (for ulnar nerve test) were measured using a mechanical goniometer. The range between these two points was used to analyze the reliability. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the standard error of measurement (SEM) were calculated to examine the relative and absolute reliability, respectively. Using t-test, the difference in the mean of the measurements was calculated. Results No significant difference was found between the mean measurements of the two testers in intra-session and inter-session reliability. For examiners 1 and 2, was obtained 0.94 (SEM:2ο) and 0.89 (SEM:2.85ο) for the median nerve, 0.56 (SEM:6.36˚ ) and 0.93 (SEM:1.82ο) for radial nerve, and 0.42 (SEM:3.27ο) and 0.79 (SEM:1.42ο) for the ulnar nerve. Inter-tester intra-session reliability was obtained at 0.84 (SEM: 3.44ο), 0.54 (SEM: 6.1ο), and 0.55 (SEM: 2.75ο), respectively, for median, radial, and ulnar nerves. Inter-tester inter-session reliability was obtained at 0.97 (SEM:1.43ο), 0.69 (SEM:5.06ο), and 0.51 (SEM: 2.8˚ο), respectively, for median, radial, and ulnar nerves. Conclusion The upper limb neurodynamic tests and measurement of the range between the onset of stretching pain and the point of submaximal pain have moderate to excellent reliability. Therefore, these clinical tests can be used in diagnostic evaluations and treatment interventions. Also, the median nerve neurodynamic test has higher relative reliability than radial and ulnar nerve neurodynamic tests.

Background: A new classification called OXIS was proposed for categorising the interproximal contacts of primary molars, and its prevalence was established. The aim of this study was to establish the variations in interproximal contacts of primary canines and thereby modify the OXIS classification of primary molars to primary canines. Additionally, we aimed to estimate the applicability of modifications to primary anterior teeth. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with sectional die models obtained from a previous study of 1,090 caries-free children. Two calibrated examiners evaluated a total of 4,674 contacts from the occlusal aspect. The contacts were scored according to the former OXIS classification, with two modifications incorporated to encompass the morphological differences and rotations of primary canines and other primary anterior teeth. Results: The most prevalent contact was O (62.1%), followed by X (19.6%), I (12.6%), S type I (4.1%), and S type II (1.6%). Inter-arch comparison by means of the Chi-square test revealed significant differences for all types of contacts (P < .001). Conclusions: The interproximal contacts of canines were categorised as O, X, I, S I, and S II. The OXIS classification of primary molars was modified to befit the variations in primary canines. This study showed the presence of different types of contacts in primary canines. Identification of these contacts and their complexity has warranted a need for this to be studied as an inherent risk factor for caries risk assessment.

Background: A new classification called OXIS was proposed for categorising the interproximal contacts of primary molars, and its prevalence was established. The aim of this study was to establish the variations in interproximal contacts of primary canines and thereby modify the OXIS classification of primary molars to primary canines. Additionally, we aimed to estimate the applicability of modifications to primary anterior teeth. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with sectional die models obtained from a previous study of 1,090 caries-free children. Two calibrated examiners evaluated a total of 4,674 contacts from the occlusal aspect. The contacts were scored according to the former OXIS classification, with two modifications incorporated to encompass the morphological differences and rotations of primary canines and other primary anterior teeth. Results: The most prevalent contact was O (62.1%), followed by X (19.6%), I (12.6%), S type I (4.1%), and S type II (1.6%). Inter-arch comparison by means of the Chi-square test revealed significant differences for all types of contacts (P < .001). Conclusions: The interproximal contacts of canines were categorised as O, X, I, S I, and S II. The OXIS classification of primary molars was modified to befit the variations in primary canines. This study showed the presence of different types of contacts in primary canines. Identification of these contacts and their complexity has warranted a need for this to be studied as an inherent risk factor for caries risk assessment.

La place de la femme dans l’espace public en Corse et en Méditerranée suggère d’abord un intérêt particulier pour les représentations et leur rôle social. Tout au long de ce travail, s’est dessinée une idée selon laquelle les représentations participeraient au maintien des sociétés dans le temps. Il ne s’est donc pas agi de concevoir un travail de genèse, qui n’aurait somme toute, aucun intérêt, mais d’appréhender la pérennité des stéréotypes selon l’hypothèse du continuum dans la perspective de l’anthropologie de la communication. Ce travail met en exergue l’importance sociale et sociétale de la Méditerranée qui, aussi bien d’un point de vue géographique que culturel, influe sur l’organisation des sociétés. C’est pourquoi, la question « la Méditerranée, un schéma d’intelligibilité de la résistance du genre ? » permet d’étendre notre terrain d’étude au-delà de la seule spécificité culturelle qu’elle semble d’abord recouvrir. Les résultats de cette recherche sont étonnants, puisqu’ils montrent l’intrication de questionnements portant sur l’écologie, l’économie, la race et le genre. Ce dernier ne pouvant guère se penser de façon autonome. Les perspectives de cette thèse dépassent donc le seul cadre du genre, mais sont impliquées dans l’élaboration d’une théorie de la justice. Ce leitmotiv qu’est celui de comprendre les causes et conséquences du genre, n’a pu se développer sans une conscience des liens causaux entre chacune des inégalités sociales, sexuelles et raciales. C’est ainsi que l’intersectionnalité s’est, de fait, imposée scientifiquement et méthodologiquement. De ce point de vue, le caractère interdisciplinaire de cette thèse permet d’avoir une approche globalisante du genre et ce, malgré la définition précise d’un terrain de recherche
The place of women in the public space both in Corsica and in the Med first suggests a particular interest in their representations and social role. This work has outlined the concept that representations contribute to maintaining societies through time. It was not about producing a work about genesis, which would have had no interest in such, but to apprehend the permanence of the stereotypes according to the continuum hypothesis and the perspective of communication anthropology. This study highlights the social and societal importance of the Mediterranean region which, from a geographical as much as a cultural point of view, has an influence on the organisation of societies. This is why the question "The Med, a pattern of intelligibility in terms of gender resistance?" can extend our field of research beyond the sole cultural specificity which it seemed to cover at first. The results of the research are surprising since they show that questioning ecology, economy, race and genders proves to be rather intricate, gender being unable to be thought of independently. Thus, the prospects of this thesis go well beyond the sole frame of the gender and are involved in the elaboration of a theory of justice. The leitmotiv which understands the causes and consequences of the gender could only be developed with a true conscience of the causal links between every social, sexual and racial inequality. This is how the inter-sectional aspect has been called for, scientifically and methodologically. From this point of view, the inter-disciplinary character of this thesis gives the gender a global approach, despite the precise definition of a research field

Deep Draft Column Stabilized Floaters (DDCSFs) provide a viable dry-tree platform for ultra-deep water applications. A particular area of concern for this concept is its susceptibility to Vortex-Induced-Motions (VIM) due to its deeper draft that results in higher column slenderness ratios than conventional semisubmersibles. The VIM characteristics of platforms have traditionally been assessed through experimental measurements but in recent years Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been used alongside experiments to predict VIM. Besides solving problems that cannot be addressed by other analysis methods, CFD can be seamlessly integrated into the overall concept design cycle where different geometric parameters can be varied to optimize the performance of the platform. While tank experiments give little fluid flow information without extensive instrumentation, CFD solutions provide flow details that can be used to improve design. CFD also provides a cost-effective solution given the high cost of experiments and facility scheduling constraints. One such DDCSF concept is the Paired-Column semi-submersible (PC-Semi) and the design has a pair of columns instead of one at each of the four sides of the platform. Several design parameters of the columns, like the inter-column spacing, the cross-sectional areas, and the shape of the respective columns can be tuned to minimize the heave response. This study takes a detailed look at the effect of the change in the column-dependent parameters on the overall VIM characteristics of the PC semisubmersible. A two-step approach is presented in which the first step is to identify aspects of the physics that are unique to VIM and then formulate a methodology to predict it within the framework of a set of commercially available CFD tools. The methodology is verified further through a comparison with available experimental data. The second step is to apply the verified methodology and CFD tools to predict the VIM performance of a range of PC-Semi concepts obtained through a systematic variation of the column-dependent design parameters in model scale. Through this exercise the critical design parameters that can either improve or prove detrimental to the VIM performance of the PC-Semi design are identified.