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1
Menemencioglu, Kerim Rifat. "A Critique Of Inter-american Development Bank'." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611394/index.pdf.
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Exclusion has become a popular term in the recent two decades which is used
to designate to the relatively disadvantageous people, groups, parties in
different societies. Given the fact that concepts are not innocent, there is a
need to think on the question of what &ldquoexclusion&rdquo
as a concept excludes and includes different from other relevant concepts such as poverty, marginalization, and/or underclass. This thesis will try to answer these questions by focusing on the Inter- American Development Bank&rsquo
s (IDB) discourse on exclusion in Latin America. It will argue that the IDB&rsquo
s discourse on exclusion aims to reproduce the dominant neoliberal ideology in its post-Washington version. For by differentiating &ldquo
exclusion&rdquo
from &ldquo
poverty&rdquo
by associating the former with the practices, acts and cultures of social and political institutions specific to particular societies and states, IDB&rsquo
s exclusion discourse creates a legitimate ground to proceed with the neoliberal transformations of states and societies in line with good governance. Keywords: Exclusion, Inclusion, New Poverty, Inter-American Development Bank
2
Albrecht, Andreas. "Third party rights under inter-bank contracts : a comparative study." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63390.
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Yalcinkaya, Ihsan Saban. "An Inter-annotator Agreement Measurement Methodology For The Turkish Discourse Bank (tdb)." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612643/index.pdf.
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In the TDB[1]-like corpora annotation efforts, which are constructed by the intuitions of the annotators, the reliability of the corpus can only be determined via correct interannotator agreement measurement methodology (Artstein, &Poesio, 2008). In this thesis, a methodology was defined to measure the inter-annotator agreement among the TDB annotators. The statistical tests and the agreement coefficients that are widely used in scientific communities, including Cochran&rsquo
s Q test (1950), Fleiss&rsquo
Kappa (1971), and Krippendorff&rsquo
s Alpha (1995), were examined in detail. The inter-annotator agreement measurement approaches of the various corpus annotation efforts were scrutinized in terms of the reported statistical results. It was seen that none of the reported interannotator agreement approaches were statistically appropriate for the TDB. Therefore, a comprehensive inter-annotator agreement measurement methodology was designed from scratch. A computer program, the Rater Agreement Tool (RAT), was developed in order to perform statistical measurements on the TDB with different corpus parameters and data handling approaches. It was concluded that Krippendorff&rsquo
s Alpha is the most appropriate statistical method for the TDB. It was seen that the measurements are affected with data handling approach preferences, as well as the used agreement statistic methods. It was also seen that there is not only one correct approach but several approaches valid for different research considerations. For the TDB, the major data handling suggestions that emerged are: (1) considering the words as building blocks of the annotations and (2) using the interval approach when it is preferred to weigh the partial disagreements, and using the boundary approach when it is preferred to evaluate all disagreements in same way.
4
Green, Isaac. "The Effects of Federal Reserve Liquidity Facilities On Inter-Bank Borrowing Rates." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1370595991.
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Edbor, Mikael, and Erica Soltanieh. "Inter-industry collaborations in the Swedish mobile payments market." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-123963.
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The rapid development of technology is quickly changing the everyday lives of people, and it is now possible to use a mobile phone to pay at the checkout in stores. However, being able to pay with a mobile phone has no intrinsic value over existing payment methods, and thus banks have to find a way to add value to their mobile payment services through inter-industry collaboration with other actors. The aim of this report is to find how banks can collaborate with other actors in order to strengthen their brand in the mobile payment business. Through a literature review and several interviews with representatives in the financial industry, merchant sector, and academia, this report answers questions related to the market in Sweden, dominant design, network externalities, business collaboration, trust, and co-branding. This report found that there is a difference in prioritization regarding features and qualities of mobile payments between different segments in the market, and banks should choose a segment to focus their efforts on. There is also a need for discussion in the market between different actors in order to promote the standardization needed to develop mobile payment services further, and banks should therefore collaborate with other actors regarding standards, even if the collaboration does not need to involve resource sharing. Co-branding with other actors could also be a way banks to enhance their brand in mobile payments and reach new market segments. Trust is a critical factor for the success of mobile payments and the handling of customer data will be one of the biggest issues to solve for the banks and their collaborators. Finally, the most important conclusion of this report is that the banks have to find a business model which is attractive enough to the merchants in order to attract them in collaboration and be able to create added value to mobile payments.Den snabba utvecklingen av tekniken förändrar snabbt vardagen för människor, och det är nu möjligt att använda en mobiltelefon för att betala i kassan i butiker. Att kunna använda en mobiltelefon för att betala istället för nuvarande betalningssätt har dock inget egenvärde och banker måste därför hitta ett sätt att addera värde till sina mobilbetalningstjänster genom att samarbeta med andra aktörer över industrigränserna. Målet med denna rapport är att finna hur banker kan samarbeta med andra aktörer för att stärka sitt varumärke inom mobilbetalningsbranchen. Med hjälp av literaturstudier och flera intervjuer med representanter från finansindustrin, handeln och akademi svarar den här rapporten på frågeställningar relaterade till den svenska marknaden, dominant design, nätverkseffekter, affärssamarbeten, tillit och varumärkessamarbeten. Rapporten visar att det finns skillnader mellan de olika marknadssegmenten gällande prioriteringen av funktioner och egenskaper hos mobila betalningar, och att banker bör välja ett segment att fokusera på. Vidare fann rapporten att det krävs diskussion på marknaden mellan de olika aktörerna för att främja framtagningen av den standardisering som krävs för att föra utvecklingen av mobila betalningar framåt. Banker borde därför samarbeta med andra aktörer för att få fram en sån standard, även om det inte behöver innebära att man delar resurser. Varumärkessamarbeten med andra aktörer kan också användas av banker för att förstärka sitt varumärke inom mobila betalningar och nå nya marknadssegment. Tillit är en kritisk faktor för att mobila betalningar ska lyckas, och hanteringen av kunddata kommer vara ett av de största problemen för bankerna och deras samarbetspartners att lösa. Slutligen så är den viktigaste slutsatsen av den här rapporten att banker måste skapa en affärsmodell som är tillräckligt attraktiv för handlare för att kunna locka till sig dem till samarbeten och kunna skapa mervärde till mobila betalningar.
6
Agorelius, Malin, and Emma Ekström. "Inter-teamsamordning i skagila projekt : En fallstudie på Avanza Bank för att möta beroenden i projektprocessen." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Projekt, innovationer och entreprenörskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-178058.
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Användandet av agila metodiker har ökat under de senaste decennierna. Detta har lett till en uppskalning av agila metodiker då även stora organisationer vill uppnå fördelarna som kommer med det agila arbetssättet. Att skala upp agila metodiker, och använda dessa i storskaligt agila miljöer (författarnas koncept skagila miljöer, som återfinns i sektionen ’Begreppet ’skagil’'), kommer dock med flera nya organisatoriska utmaningar. En utmaning, som omnämns i både litteratur och i arbetets empiriska undersökning på företaget Avanza, är inter-teamsamordning i skagila miljöer. Avanza har identifierat problemen med beroenden mellan team i skagila mjukvaruutvecklingsprojekt. För att möta problemet med beroenden initierades det här arbetet med syftet att, utifrån Avanzas nuvarande projekt design, undersöka hur teamöverskridande arbete kan samordnas för att möta beroenden i projektprocessen. För att uppnå syftet genomfördes en fallstudie på Avanza innehållande intervjuer med tolv respondenter och observation av interna dokument. Den empiriska undersökningen bekräftade ursprungsproblematiken gällande inter-teamsamordning och bidrog även med information om företagets nuvarande projektdesign. Resultatet visade att projektorganisationen verkar som en hybrid organisation med starka, agila inslag. Dock visade sig Avanza uppleva sin projektdesignen som helt agil. Vidare ansågs projektets beroenden bidra till agilt slöseri, vilket påverkar både produktivitet och effektivitet negativt i mjukvaruutvecklingsprocessen. Fyra huvudområden av agilt slöseri identifierades vilka var väntan, rörelse, defekter och tilläggsprocesser. Genom att klustra ihop liknande slöseri framtogs tre problemområden kopplade till Avanzas projektprocess, nämligen ’viss frånvaro av proaktivt angreppssätt och planering’, ’viss frånvaro av forum för hantering av inter-teamberoenden’ och ’skillnader i implementering av agila metodiker och projektprioritering bland teamen’. För att möta problemen fastställdes sex åtgärder, nämligen implementering av en mer proaktiv projektledarroll, anammning av hybridkulturen, skapande av rollspecifika team, implementering av arrangerade forum för teamsynkronisering, kodifiering och utveckling av befintliga mekanismer och samordning samt skapande av ett gemensamt förhållningssätt till agila principer i projekt. Arbetets slutsatser är till viss del generaliserbara och skulle kunna adopteras av andra företag eller projektorganisationer som har liknande problem och projektdesign som Avanza. Dock krävs en viss ansträngning för att först identifiera vilken projektdesign intressentföretag har samt att identifiera projektrelaterat slöseri. Avanza är även verksamma inom tech-branschen där projektorganisationen verkar kring mjukvaruutveckling. Därför kan det antas att slutsatserna mer sannolikt, passar andra organisationer som jobbar med mjukvaruutveckling.The usage of agile methodologies has rapidly increased over the last decades. This has led to an upscaling of agile methods since larger organizations want to gain the benefits of the agile way of working. However, this has not come without issues, and using agile at scale (authors’ concept scagile, in upcoming section ’Begreppet ’skagil”) has introduced new organizational challenges. One challenge that is mentioned both in literature and in the empirical findings at the case company, Avanza, is inter-team coordination in scagile environments. Today Avanza is struggling with dependencies between teams in scaled agile software projects. To address this issue this study was initiated with the purpose to, based on Avanza’s current project design, investigate how cross-team collaboration could be coordinated to face and overcome dependencies in the project process. To accomplish this a case study, containing interviews with twelve respondents and observation of internal documents, was made. The empirical findings confirmed the original issues related to inter-team coordination and also provided valuable information about the company’s project design. Regarding the project design the findings showed that the project organization is a hybrid organization with strong agile influences. However, the alleged perception of the project design was a fully agile organization. Further, the dependencies in the projects seem to cause agile waste, which has a negative influence on productivity and efficiancy in software projects. Four main areas of agile waste were detected, namely waiting, motion, defects and extra processes. By clustering similar waste, three main problem areas were detected, viz ’a certain absence of a proactive approach and planning’, ‘a certain absence of forums for handling inter-team dependencies’, and ‘differences between teams regarding the implementation and usage of agile principles, and project prioritization’. To face these issues, six measures were determined, namely implementation of a more proactive project management approach, embracing the hybrid culture, creating role specific teams, arranging forums for team synchronization, codifying and developing the current coordination mechanisms and deciding on a shared approach for project methodologies. The findings of this study is to some extent generalizable and could be adopted by other companies, or project organizations, that are struggling with the same problem areas and have the same project design as Avanza. However, some effort is required to first determine current project design and to identify project related waste. Further, the client company is operative in the fin-tech industry where the project organization orbits around software development. Therefore it can be assumed that the findings are more likely to fit another software organization.
7
Hennessey, Flavia Lange. "Gender in international economic development projects: how is gender being institutionalized in the Inter-American Development Bank?" reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/12064.
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The Inter-American Development Bank, the World Bank, and other organizations conceive, design, and fund projects to foster development in the Latin America and Caribbean. Prior to the late 1980s, several of the projects and policies of these institutions lacked serious gender considerations and were criticized for this oversight (Flora, 1998). In 1987, the IDB published its Operating Policy on Women in Development and has since made efforts to institutionalize gender and to create indicators to measure gender impacts in its projects. The aim of this dissertation is to explore gender in the context of international development by looking at how the Inter- American Development Bank is including gender in its operations. After a literature review on the importance of gender and of development banks, this paper will explore the ways through which gender is included in IDB operations at an institutional level. The research will be based on documentation available to the public, internal documents and video interviews with staff members. After a thorough analysis of all data collected, recommendations on future action will be provided.
O Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento, o Banco Mundial, e outras organizações financiam iniciativas para acelerar o desenvolvimento da região da América Latina e Caribe. Antes do final da década de 80, vários projetos e políticas dessas instituições careciam de considerações ligadas à gênero e foram criticadas por essa falta (Flora, 1998). Em 1987, o BID publicou um documento sobre uma nova política operacional sobre mulheres e desenvolvimento e vem desde então buscando institucionalizar gênero e criar indicadores para medir os impactos relacionados à gênero em seus projetos. O objetivo dessa dissertação é explorar o tema de gênero no contexto do desenvolvimento internacional através de uma análise de como o Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento inclui gênero em suas operações. Após uma revisão literária sobre a importância de gênero e de bancos de desenvolvimento, essa dissertação irá analisar de que maneira gênero é incluído nas discussões dos projetos do Banco à nível institucional. A pesquisa será feita através de documentação disponível para o público geral, documentos internos e entrevistas em vídeo com pessoal do BID. Após uma análise dos dados coletados, recomendações para ações futuras serão dadas.
8
Hammond, Graeme. "Modelling the South African Inter-Bank Interest Rate Market using a Log-Normal Rational Pricing Kernel Model." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31423.
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This dissertation examines the performance of two log-normal rational pricing kernel models and their calibration to the South African Inter-bank interest rate market. We investigate using Monte-Carlo simulation to price caps, floors and swaptions. Model-performance for both models was tested on single-strikes and entire volatility surfaces. Our results show that a one-factor model cannot reproduce the volatility smile present in the caps/floor market but can reproduce the at-the money swaption volatility surface. The two-factor model produces a better calibration to the volatility smile and captures most of the characteristics of the volatility surface.
9
Sano, Ryuhei Bello Walden. "An analysis on ICT policy for development by regional development banks : a case study of the inter-american development bank /." Abstract, 2006. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2549/cd394/4837420.pdf.
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Fevre, C. M. "Mainstreaming inclusive violence prevention in the agenda of multilateral development banks : the case of the Inter-American Development Bank and the World Bank in Latin America and the Caribbean." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1466185/.
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Mainstreaming inclusive violence prevention is a policy option that has been under-studied. As a strategy, mainstreaming responds to the transversal nature of violence both in its multi-dimensionality and multi-causality, and ultimately highlights violence’s intrinsic links to development. It also acknowledges the strong gender dimensions at play in the manifestation and reproduction of violence. Building upon this understanding and developing a framework for it, this research examines opportunities and constraints for mainstreaming inclusive violence prevention in the agendas of Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). For the past three decades, citizens in LAC have suffered from pandemic levels of violence, which has proved extremely complex and difficult to tackle. Governments in LAC have called for support from two of the largest MDBs in the region, the Inter-American Development Bank and the World Bank. Both have responded, yet slowly and timidly. This research asks three main questions: Why has violence prevention remained marginalised in MDBs’ agendas despite its socio-economic multiplier effects on development? What are the opportunities and constraints to mainstream inclusive violence prevention in MDBs’ agenda? How do national counterparts perceive the potential for mainstreaming inclusive violence prevention and the relevance of MDBs in this regard? The research uses a qualitative methodology, including more than 150 in-depth interviews with MDBs’ staff, shareholders, counterparts, and key informants, and a case study in Colombia. Building on three conceptual bodies of literature related to priority-setting, mainstreaming and donor-recipient aid relations, the research uses cognitive frame, actor power, operational knowledge and organisational treatment as keys to explore the research questions. The findings show that multiple constraints exist, such as competing cognitive frames, contradictory incentives for staff, leadership turnover and lack of in-house expertise, and scattered efforts to develop operational knowledge. Yet opportunities also exist, including an increasing internal space for dialogue, particularly in some sectors, and interest and demand from countries. The main contribution of this thesis is to develop a framework to disentangle factors at play in the emergence and institutionalisation of new, complex, transversal issues that could be usefully adapted to other contexts and topics.
11
AZEM, PAULA LEMOS. "EVERYTHING MUST CHANGE SO THAT EVERYTHING CAN STAY THE SAME?: CHALLENGES IN PUBLIC POLICY IMPLEMENTATION BY THE WORLD BANK AND THE INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK IN THE STATE OF RIO DE JANEIRO." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=36219@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTITUIÇÕES COMUNITÁRIAS DE ENSINO PARTICULARES
O trabalho está situado no campo de policy analysis, tendo como principal foco a etapa de implementação do ciclo de políticas públicas, a partir da análise dos subsistemas político-administrativos. O objetivo central desta pesquisa é compreender como os atores nacionais e internacionais afetam o desenvolvimento da política pública na etapa de implementação. A dissertação analisa três Programas de políticas públicas financiados pelo Banco Internacional de Reconstrução e Desenvolvimento (BIRD/Banco Mundial) e pelo Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento (BID), junto ao Governo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período entre 2008 e 2014, quando foram contratadas 20 operações de crédito externas, totalizando aproximadamente 9,05 bilhões de reais. Dentre essas operações estão inseridos o Programa de Renovação e Fortalecimento da Gestão Pública (Pro-Gestão I), o Programa de Fortalecimento da Gestão do Setor Público e do Desenvolvimento Territorial Integrado – Rio Metrópole (Pró-Gestão II), e o Programa de Inclusão Social e Oportunidades para os Jovens do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Caminho Melhor Jovem). A metodologia de análise começa pela observação participante da pesquisadora junto aos Programas, dos subsistemas político-administrativos, dos documentos dos Programas e, por fim, das entrevistas com gestores públicos e especialistas dos bancos. A análise dos resultados obtidos ao longo da etapa de implementação dos Programas identifica evidências sobre (i) a influência técnica dos atores internacionais, (ii) a influência política dos atores nacionais, e (iii) os desempenhos distintos dos Programas.
The work is situated in the field of policy analysis, with the main focus being on the implementation phase of the public policy cycle. The research is based on the analysis of the political-administrative subsystems. The central objective of this dissertation is to understand how national and international actors affect the development of public policy in the implementation stage. The dissertation analyzes three Public Policy Programs financed by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD / World Bank) and the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), with the Government of the State of Rio de Janeiro, between 2008 and 2014, when 20 operations were approved totalizing approximately 9.05 billion. Among these operations are the Programa de Renovação e Fortalecimento da Gestão Pública (Pro-Gestão I), o Programa de Fortalecimento da Gestão do Setor Público e do Desenvolvimento Territorial Integrado – Rio Metrópole (Pró-Gestão II) e o Programa de Inclusão Social e Oportunidades para os Jovens do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Caminho Melhor Jovem), this research s objects of study. The methodology is grounded on the participant s observation of the programs, the political-administrative subsystems, the program documents and, finally, interviews with public managers and bank specialists. The analysis of the results obtained during the implementation stage identifies evidences on (i) the technical influence of international actors, (ii) the political influence of national actors, and (iii) the different performances of the Programs.
12
Rudd, J. L. "International bank regulation in the pre-Basel era : the maintenance of the global financial system through inter-state collaboration and informal cooperation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1460356/.
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This thesis examines the methods used to govern the global financial system in the pre-Basel era and in doing so challenges the common perception that the regulation of international banking began in 1974 when the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision was established and banks first became subject to internationally agreed standards. Whilst it may be true to say that it is only in recent years that banks have been placed under formal control at a global level, this does not mean that the regulation of international banking has not been characterised by some other form of governance throughout history. The birth of the Basel Committee was triggered by concerns relating to the ongoing stability of the international financial system that were raised as a result of the globalisation of the banking industry in the post-war era and the systemic risks posed by this interconnected economic environment. However, the international character of the banking industry and the resulting connection between national economies is not a recent phenomenon, and issues pertaining to the stability of the global economy as a result of this have echoed throughout history. Accordingly, it is argued that while the work of the Basel Committee represents the contemporary method of governing these issues of global economic instability, what this thesis addresses is the historical method of governing them, namely, inter-state collaboration at financial conferences and the informal cooperative practices of the market participants themselves. What this analysis shows is that by adopting a definition of regulation that revolves around the methods of governance used to maintain stability in the global economy as a result of the international nature of the banking industry, it becomes clear that the regulation of international banking did not begin when the Basel Committee was established, but rather it has a history that spans the past two centuries.
13
Sutermeister, Paul. "A redescoberta da geografia por economistas: um comentário a partir de Geografia é destino?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-06032013-102636/.
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Apresentamos idéias geográficas contidas em Geografia é destino? (livro publicado em 2003 pelo Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento) e fontes afins. Focamos em David Landes, Jared Diamond e Jeffrey Sachs, considerados neste livro como líderes da redescoberta da geografia. Eles se diferenciam da nova geografia econômica de Paul Krugman por terem abordagens menos matemáticas e mais focadas na história, na biologia e na política, respectivamente. Diamond nos leva a Darwin, Landes discute certa noção de influência climática sobre desenvolvimento, e Sachs sintetiza essas abordagens para compor a parte geográfica de sua nova sociologia do desenvolvimento econômico. Diamond, Landes e Sachs levam, cada um por caminhos diferentes, a uma dicotomia entre zona tropical e zonas temperadas. Concluímos com algumas observações céticas acerca destas redescobertas da geografia.We look at geographic ideas contained in Is geography destiny? (a book published in 2003 by the Inter-American Development Bank) and in related sources. We focus on David Landes, Jared Diamond and Jeffrey Sachs, who are considered as champions of the rediscovery of geography in this book. Their approaches differ from the new economic geography of Paul Krugman in being less mathematical and more focused on history, biology and policy, respectively. Diamond brings us to Darwin, Landes discusses a certain notion of climatic influence on \"development\", and Sachs makes a synthesis of the aforementioned approaches in order to compose the geographical part of his new sociology of economic development. Diamond, Landes and Sachs lead, each in different ways, to a dichotomy between the tropics and temperate zones. We conclude with some sceptical observations about these rediscoveries of geography.
14
Taranto, Aldo, and not supplied. "Modelling the impact of close-out netting on bank portfolios." RMIT University. Accounting & Law, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080529.162733.
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The stochastic volatility of daily foreign exchange (FX) derivatives poses a number of risks for the international banking community. Settlement risk, liquidity risk and capital adequacy are just a few immediate concerns that arise from such volatility. This thesis examines the impact of close-out netting on minimising the stochastic volatility of inter-bank FX derivatives. The problem with close-out netting is that although it is a simple formula of taking the differences between two banks at one point in time, it is the stochastic and volatile nature of FX rates that makes measuring the full impact of netting difficult. The objective of this thesis is to establish a realistic international banking framework or modelling environment in which close-out netting can be scientifically applied and examined. Five international daily FX rates will be used as sufficient approximations for five international banks. A generalised autoregressive conditionally heteroschedastic (GARCH) modelling approach is adopted as a robust and rich FX volatility paradigm. Then through Monte Carlo simulation of the resulting fitted GARCH models, we generate the distributions -with and without close-out netting. The findings of this thesis are interesting, showing that close-out netting is far more than just a simple mathematical process. Netting surely does reduce each bank's exposure to FX volatility, however, its multivariate nature reveals some important results for banking risk research and bank analysts.
15
Vega-Centeno, Máximo. "HUGH H. SCHWARTZ (Editor): Supply und marketing construints on hin ameritan manufacturing exports. Inter-American Development Bank-The Johns Hopkins University Press, Washington D.C. 1991." Economía, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118225.
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Costella, Cecilia V. "Participatory Development in Social Funds: A Case Study of the Peruvian Social Fund." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9273_1298890144.
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This research aims to assess the role of Social Funds&rsquo
organizational and institutional characteristics for community participation processes in development projects. The research is based on a case study of the Peruvian Social Fund, FONCODES, and utilizes a qualitative data collection approach. It mainly relies on semi-structured interviews with FONCODES&rsquo
staff and community members, unstructured interviews with experts, and analysis of operational documents. The research concludes that several organizational and institutional characteristics affect community participation in FONCODES projects but the direction of this influence depends on how specific areas of the organization&rsquo
s context are structured as well as on political variables in the institutional environment.
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Kumar, Ajay. "International tax coherence : a development perspective." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.634886.
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This thesis attempts to resolve the deadlock to achieve an equitable division of taxes, and thereby internation equity. As the present tax laws were not negotiated, it is not considered here as fair. In this thesis it is proposed that an equitable division could be achieved through a division based on the levels of human development (combining Rawlsian schema and Sen’s capability approach). Therefore, it is argued that such a division would be equitable; because it would be based on entitlements (territorial claims), it would generate cooperation and thereby lead to greater efficiency. Importantly, this thesis establishes that the present tax treaties neither generate cooperation nor cohere with global welfare. Similarly, it is also found that the other institutions (OECD, IMF, WB and Dispute Settlement) related the tax regime presently do not promote development based on human capabilities. This could help developing countries to pursue a division favouring development (laws favouring development) and understand the institutions better suited to pursue such goals.
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Vivares, Ernesto. "Towards a New International Political Economy of Regional Development Banks: The case of the Inter-American Development Bank and its role in the Argentine liberalisation process of the 1990s." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.489866.
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This thesis seeks to investigate the changing nature and role in development of the Regional Development Banks (RDBs) via an investigation of the Inter-American Development Bank. (IDB) and its interventions and role in' the process of consolidation and decline of the Argentine convertibility regime in the 1990s. In particular, the thesis explores empirically the IDB's role through two case studies that reveal its complex political economic nature: first, the debt swap for the privatisation of electricity public utilities signalling the consolidation of the convertibility regime; second, the IDB's role during the process of decline of the regime and its interventions in the privatisation of social security and the international financial bailout aimed at keeping the system afloat. Applying a version of the new International Political Economy (new IPE) approach, the thesis traces the dynamics of the Latin American political economy of financing development, situating the IDB's development mission and role within the framework of globalisation, regionalism and multilateralism. The investigation examines the structural forces shaping the nature of the IDB and its role in the region throughout the period of the internationalisation of production and globalisation of development financing. In so doing, it draws particular attention to the IDB's' ohanging development mandate and its interventions in the region in relation to its hemispheric, regional and global commitments, revealing the dynamics of its technical, financial and political capabilities. Turning specifically to the case studies of the IDB's role in the consolidation and decline of the convertibility regime, the thesis examines the impact on development of what we call the power-balance legitimisation. Ultimately, the thesis intends to show the dynamic role of the IDB within the regional and domestic political economy, providing evidence concerning the exhaustion of the IDB's historical mandate as a result of a dominant economic focus of development challenging this historical institution to re-found its development mission in the region.
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Abu-Alkheil, Ahmad [Verfasser], and Hans-Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Burghof. "Ethical banking and finance : a theoretical and empirical framework for the cross-country and inter-bank analysis of efficiency, productivity, and financial performance / Ahmad Abu-Alkheil. Betreuer: Hans-Peter Burghof." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1027354092/34.
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Ribeiro, Clarisse Coutinho. "A relação entre expansão territorial do crédito bancário e desigualdade econômica inter-regional no Brasil contemporâneo (2000-2010)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-05082015-122238/.
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Esta pesquisa aborda a relação entre território e moeda. O objetivo central é analisar a relação entre a expansão territorial do crédito bancário e a desigualdade econômica inter-regional no Brasil contemporâneo (2000-2010). A hipótese subjacente é que a redução das desigualdades econômicas inter-regionais favoreceu a expansão territorial do crédito bancário no país durante o período analisado. Para alcançar o objetivo e comprovar a hipótese central, a metodologia utilizada abarca uma análise teórica por meio do diálogo entre três das principais abordagens sobre o tema, a saber: marxista, pós-keynesiana e economia cultural. Além disso, analisamos o contexto histórico e apresentamos um estudo empírico, que abrange tanto as análises estatísticas de regressões temporais quanto as análises cartográficas. Os resultados principais da pesquisa mostram que as quebras das barreiras financeiras, sobretudo regulatórias e macroeconômicas, associadas com políticas sociais propiciaram um maior poder de compra em especial às populações de regiões com alta demanda reprimida, como também um maior acesso ao crédito para consumo para essas regiões. Isso acarretou no maior crescimento do crédito que o país já presenciou e também em uma significativa expansão territorial do crédito dos bancos comerciais.This research addresses the relationship between territory and money. The main objective is to analyze the relationship between territorial expansion of bank credit and interregional economic inequality in contemporary Brazil (2000-2010). The underlying hypothesis is that the reduction of inter-regional economic inequalities favored the territorial expansion of bank credit in the country during the above period. To achieve the objective and prove the central hypothesis a methodology is used, which includes a theoretical analysis based on three major approaches, namely Marxist, Post-Keynesian and Cultural Economy. Furthermore, we analyze the historical context and perform an empirical analysis, which consists both of a statistical analysis with temporal regressions as well as a cartographic analysis. The main results of the research show that the breaks of financial barriers - particularly regulatory and macroeconomic - associated with social policies provided a greater purchasing power, especially for populations of regions with repressed high demand, as well as greater access to consumer credit for these regions. This resulted in the highest credit growth that the country has ever experienced and also in a significant territorial expansion of commercial bank credit.
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Pozzer, Marcio Rogerio Olivato. "Políticas públicas para o patrimônio cultural na América Latina: a experiência brasileira e equatoriana e o papel do Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/84/84131/tde-09102012-101928/.
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As reformas orientadas para o mercado realizadas no Brasil e no Equador a partir da década de 1980 e de 1990 diminuíram os gastos públicos e os recursos humanos das organizações nacionais de patrimônio cultural. Para suprir a demanda por tais recursos, surgiu, na arena política do patrimônio cultural, o agente financeiro internacional. Nesse contexto, esta dissertação busca compreender a relação de poder e as formas como são feitas as escolhas políticas entre os órgãos de patrimônio nacionais e a instituição multilateral que financia diversas políticas públicas culturais. Para tanto, partiu-se da experiência de dois países latino-americanos, o Brasil e o Equador, analisando em que medida os órgãos nacionais desobrigaram-se da realização das políticas públicas para o setor, sofrendo ingerência dos organismos financeiros internacionais. Estabeleceu-se como objeto de estudo três organizações o Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento (BID), o Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN), no Brasil, e o Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural (Instituto de Patrimônio Cultural) (INPC), no Equador e recorreu-se à pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo, bem como a entrevistas com gestores dos órgãos estudados. Confirmou-se a hipótese de que o processo de enfraquecimento das instituições nacionais de patrimônio cultural contribuiu decisivamente para que se retirasse, progressivamente, o poder de decidir, executar e avaliar políticas públicas de preservação do patrimônio cultural dos domínios do Estado. Entretanto, não se confirmou que as decisões se transferiram para organismos internacionais, mas sim para a iniciativa privada, buscando tornar os órgãos nacionais voltados àquele fim meros chanceladores de decisões tomadas fora deles. Verificou-se, ainda, que o processo de desmonte das instituições nacionais de patrimônio cultural brasileira e equatoriana se reverteu nos últimos anos com os governos dos presidentes Luis Inácio Lula da Silva e Rafael Corrêa, repercutindo, inclusive, na condução das políticas públicas financiadas pelo BID para o setor.The market-oriented reforms carried out in Brazil and Ecuador from the 1980s and 1990s diminished the public expenses and the human resources in the national organizations of cultural heritage. In order to meet the demand for those resources, the international financial agent has come up in the arena of cultural heritage policy. In this context, this thesis aims at understanding the power relation between the national heritage organs and the multilateral institution, which supports several policies of cultural heritage, as well as the ways they choose their policies. To do so, starting with the experiences from two Latin American countries, Brazil and Ecuador, an analysis was held in order to determine to what extent the national organs relieved themselves of accomplishing the public policies for the sector, which caused them to undergo interference by the international financial organs. As the object of study, three organizations were chosen: the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), the Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (National Institute of Artistic and Historical Heritage) (IPHAN), in Brazil, and the Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural (National Institute of Cultural Heritage) (INPC), in Ecuador. The research has used related literature, documentary and field research, as well as interviews with the managers of the organs in study. The hypothesis confirmed was that the process of weakening of the national institutions of cultural heritage has contributed decisively to deprive, progressively, the power to decide, implement and evaluate public policies for the preservation of cultural heritage of the State domains. However, it has not been proved that the decisions had been transferred to international organs; rather, to the public initiative, seeking to turn the national organs focused on preservation of heritage into mere chancellors of the decisions made apart from them. It has also been observed that the process of dismantling the Brazilian and Ecuadorian national institutions of cultural heritage was reversed in the last years during the government of Luis Inácio Lula da Silva and Rafael Corrêa, echoing, also, in the conduct of public policies for the sector sponsored by the IDB.
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Yu, Tzu-Yuan, and 尤子源. "Forecasting Model of The Inter-bank Overnight Rate." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32206784932412439203.
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碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
金融營運系碩士班
89
Forecasting Model of The Inter-bank Overnight Rate: An Empirical Analysis Student: Tzu-Yuan Yu Advisor: Dr. Sliang Lan Dr. Shih-Kuo Yeh Department of Financial Operations Notional Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology ABSTRACT This paper examines the effects among ARIMA models and GARCH models of forecasting inter-bank overnight rate by one-step ahead forecast. The conclusion of the study is as follows: 1. The Central Bank makes a structure change in short-term by open market operation. Types of the structure changes change the long-term series mean level. 2. After eliminate the effect of the structure change and implement the Dickey-Fuller Unit Root test, we find the series is stationary. 3. By setting the dummy variables of the structure change, we find the character of the inter-bank overnight rate conform to the finding in Rudebusch(1995) formulation. Once the market interest rate reflects the target interest rate to reach expectation level. The Central Bank will not change the setting of the target interest rate in the short-term, even if there is a new external message. 4. By ARCH-LM test, we find there are ARCH effects or GARCH effects on the series of the inter-bank overnight rate. 5. In the 95% confidence interval figure of ARIMA and GARCH model, the GARCH confidence interval is thinner than ARIMA. In addition, GARCH model has the smaller bias in the four biased formula.
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Wang, Chun-Kai, and 王俊凱. "GARCH and Fuzzy GARCH Model for Forecasting the Inter-bank Offered Rate." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35602139634716616188.
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碩士萬能科技大學
經營管理研究所
97
Inter-bank interest rates that based on the currency market is one of the indicators of short-term interest rates, so interest rates in the entire economic activities play an important role. This paper is the first time in this study of fuzzy time series with the GARCH. From the advantages of combining Fuzzy-GARCH model as a forecast to the financial industry as the call loan rate information on empirical studies to compare Fuzzy-GARCH and GARCH forecast performance. The results showed that the use of this study, the GARCH model and Fuzzy-GARCH models to predict the call rate to the financial industry, but we will be a total of 12 samples from the information as the forecast period. The GARCH model, respectively, into Fuzzy-GARCH model, the forecast RMSE on performance indicators. Fuzzy-GARCH model RMSE =0.052285154, as compared to GARCH model RMSE = 0.08729215 for the low performance indicators in the forecast MAE on Fuzzy-GARCH model of the MAE =0.035654869, as compared to GARCH model MAE = 0.056121991 is also relatively low, the forecast performance indicators can be seen on MPAE differences, Fuzzy-GARCH model MAPE =11.862%, as compared to GARCH model MAPE = 19.936% for the low, and Fuzzy-GARCH model with the GARCH model has a difference of nearly 8.074%, showing that in the financial industry forecast on the call rate, Fuzzy-GARCH model is superior to the traditional GARCH model, the call rate the trend of domestic banks and to provide scheduling of funds or a bank's monetary policy decision-making based on short-term scheduling, to the deeper significance of this can assist in domestic banks for the next issue of the high and low call rate of the forecast, so that banks can increase capital cost of the risk control.
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Poskitt, Russell. "Inter-market linkages : a study of the relationship between the bank bill and the bank bill futures markets in New Zealand." 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/396.
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This thesis examines the linkages between the bank bill market and the bank bill futures market in New Zealand using intraday data. The thesis is motivated primarily by the dearth of research on inter-market linkages in interest rate markets using high frequency data. The thesis examines four aspects of the inter-market linkage: (i) the pricing of the bank bill futures contract; (ii) inter-market arbitrage opportunities; (iii) evidence of arbitrage activity, and (iv) inter-market information transmission. The key to the empirical work on these four issues is a model of bill futures pricing developed using the no-arbitrage approach and an intraday data set provided by Reuters and the New Zealand Futures and Options Exchange. The empirical work yields the following findings: • the implied forward rate (IFR) model performs well in pricing the bill futures contract. The futures/IFR differential is negligible compared to that documented in many prior studies. The performance of the IFR model is attributed to the fact that it mirrors the favoured quasi-arbitrage strategies of the price-setting interbank dealers. • quasi-arbitrage opportunities are infrequent and substantially less profitable than prior studies report. This is also the case when the stringent requirements for conventional arbitrage are relaxed. The frequency and profitability of quasi-arbitrage opportunities are on a par with those reported in the stock index futures and foreign exchange markets. • arbitrage opportunities exert only a weak equilibriating influence on the bill futures yield, suggesting that arbitrage activity plays little formal role in price-setting in the bill futures market. • information transmission between the bill and bill futures markets is dominated by the contemporaneous flow of information between the two markets and the lagged flow of information from the bill futures market to the bill market. This is consistent with the proposition that bill dealers base their quotes on the bill futures yield curve.
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Liang, Chieh-Hao, and 梁介豪. "The Adjustment Processes of Bid Quote and Ask Quote in Taiwan Inter-bank Dollar Market." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38325013647298209611.
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碩士國立中正大學
國際經濟所
95
Although a large number of studies on market microstructure have been made in securities market, little attention has been given to the foreign exchange market. The purpose of this paper is to explore a little further on market microstructure in TWD/USD market. We try to analyze the information impact on price movement by using the bid quote and the ask quote of TWD/USD exchange rate respectively through an error-correct model. The empirical evidences find that (1) quote revision is negatively auto-correlated and revision in one-period lagged quote makes both the bid quote and the ask quote move in the same direction. In addition, there exists a long-run equilibrium bid-ask spread, and empirical results indicate that bid-ask spread would tend to narrow because information discloses gradually in trade processes. Finally, trading volume and the dummy variable indicating block trade show a positive impact on bid-ask spread.
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Huang, Chiu-Hsiang, and 黃秋翔. "If the Inter-entity Supply Contract Can Help Enhance the Effectiveness of the Government Procurement-A Case Study of the Bank of Taiwan Contracting Items." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/z37aby.
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碩士國立屏東大學
國際貿易學系碩士班
104
How the Government to expand regulating the propensity to consume and the inducement to invest functions can be through government procurement behavior, statutory budget into resource administrative operations, its benefits can directly affect the governance quality, due to the type of government procurement wide and huge amount, in addition to the impact of civil economic activities, the procurement process and the results of the pros and cons of, but also a direct impact on people's trust and support for the government. And how to regulate the expansion of government consumption and investment propensity lure functions, it can through the government procurement behavior, statutory budgetary resources into administrative operations, its benefits can directly affect the quality of governance, due to the type of government procurement and the huge amount of variety, in addition to Effect of non-governmental economic activities, the procurement process and the results of the pros and cons of, but also a direct impact on people's trust and support for the government. Department of purchases of government and private bridge, if the government in addition to the larger units, more than the rest of the towns and the establishment of small schools, institutions, etc., or even no dedicated procurement staff familiar with the norms, often resulting specifications as set error, the high amount of procurement, procurement process and does not match the current law, etc., reduce the effectiveness of the overall procurement issues, so how to reduce the loss of the general procurement staff of error, and thus enhance the effectiveness of procurement evolved into a thorny issue, the government procurement authorities Executive Yuan public works Committee Tametoshi government offices, schools, public utilities property and special handling services centralized purchasing, centralized purchasing and through, in order to save manpower, play a lot of economic procurement and the Government procurement law set common supply contract, to serve Lee each of the applicable procurement agencies use; however the common supply contract it really can help to improve the efficiency of government procurement, if it works well, the government should be able to reduce procurement spending, improve budget efficiency in the use, on the contrary, such as poorly functioning, then the contract prices deviate from market , inviting huge public funds, influence people's perception of the government. The use of secondary data research department of the government announcement to be research and analysis, and other multi-reference to government statistics, periodicals and other papers, the Greek can borrow to explore multiple perspectives, to understand the common benefit of purchasing supplies to enhance the specific content of the contract system.
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Moazzen, Iman. "Array Signal Processing for Beamforming and Blind Source Separation." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4580.
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A new broadband beamformer composed of nested arrays (NAs), multi-dimensional (MD) filters, and multirate techniques is proposed for both linear and planar arrays. It is shown that this combination results in frequency-invariant response. For a given number of sensors, the advantage of using NAs is that the effective aperture for low temporal frequencies is larger than in the case of using uniform arrays. This leads to high spatial selectivity for low frequencies. For a given aperture size, the proposed beamformer can be implemented with significantly fewer sensors and less computation than uniform arrays with a slight deterioration in performance. Taking advantage of the Noble identity and polyphase structures, the proposed method can be efficiently implemented. Simulation results demonstrate the good performance of the proposed beamformer in terms of frequency-invariant response and computational requirements.
The broadband beamformer requires a filter bank with a non-compatible set of sampling rates which is challenging to be designed. To address this issue, a filter bank design approach is presented. The approach is based on formulating the design problem as an optimization problem with a performance index which consists of a term depending on perfect reconstruction (PR) and a term depending on the magnitude specifications of the analysis filters. The design objectives are to achieve almost perfect reconstruction (PR) and have the analysis filters satisfying some prescribed frequency specifications. Several design examples are considered to show the satisfactory performance of the proposed method.
A new blind multi-stage space-time equalizer (STE) is proposed which can separate narrowband sources from a mixed signal. Neither the direction of arrival (DOA) nor a training sequence is assumed to be available for the receiver. The beamformer and equalizer are jointly updated to combat both co-channel interference (CCI) and inter-symbol interference (ISI) effectively. Using subarray beamformers, the DOA, possibly time-varying, of the captured signal is estimated and tracked. The estimated DOA is used by the beamformer to provide strong CCI cancellation. In order to alleviate inter-stage error propagation significantly, a mean-square-error sorting algorithm is used which assigns detected sources to different stages according to the reconstruction error at different stages. Further, to speed up the convergence, a simple-yet-efficient DOA estimation algorithm is proposed which can provide good initial DOAs for the multi-stage STE. Simulation results illustrate the good performance of the proposed STE and show that it can effectively deal with changing DOAs and time variant channels.Graduate
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imanmoaz@uvic.ca