Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Intelligence artificielle – Société'
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Ali, Chérif Arab. "Réalisation, programmation et modélisation d'une société de robots." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA082139.
Adnane, Sabine. "Vivant et artificiel : comment innover pour faire face à la recréation de la condition humaine par les nouvelles technologies : comment l'artiste sollicite ce nouvel objet d'art qu'est la vie ?" Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H325.
If technology compensates for a lack of being, what is man's responsibility within the evolution of his condition? The intertwining of human capabilities with machines transgresses traditional boundaries, and brings to light many ethical questions. Artificial intelligence and biotechnological transformation completely redefine the ontology of life. What role does the artist play in the recreation of the human condition? What is the status of autonomous living beings turned into works of art? Is Art ready to engage in broader social, cultural, and biopolitical issues, not only with the creation of new objects, but also with new subjects such as living matter? We will see how artists are seizing new technologies to question them, in order to explore all the phenomenological and physiological realities to which they give them access. The perfectibility of the body as a technical or microbiological embodiment is envisaged. The body is exposed, at the risk of losing its status as a protected species. For the practical part of this thesis, we will use a device to give voice to living organisms and show their ability to manifest intentionality. We will thus expose the concept of a natural intelligence beyond the limited vision of current objective science. The prospect of the end of human exceptionality in its arrogance and predation is considered
Allouche, Mohamad Khaled. "Une société d'agents temporels pour la supervision de systèmes industriels." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00822431.
Motawej, Fadi. "Approche par invariance positive et les techniques de l'intelligence artificielle pour la régulation des carrefours signalisés." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00720655.
Piquemal-Baluard, Christine. "L'explication collective dans une société d'agents : conception d'un agent explicatif pour l'environnement SYNERGIC." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30064.
Le, Ludec Clément. "Des humains derrière l'intelligence artificielle. La sous-traitance du travail de la donnée entre la France et Madagascar." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAT001.
The unrestrained development of artificial intelligence is giving rise to growing fears about its impact on work and society. In the context of concerns about the end of work, we expand the research perspectives opened up by the literature to show that, behind the recent explosion of commercial AI projects in Northern countries, we find a growing number of data workers located in the Global South. Our work thus focuses on one of the most concrete realities of AI: its role in the international division of labour. We specifically look at AI models developed in a commercial context, asking how they are developed and what their consequences are for work.Our research is grounded in original data from questionnaire and interview with all actors in the French AI production chain: in France, we interviewed model developers and users of AI systems; and in Madagascar, we interviewed data workers and managers of subcontracting firms specialising in this activity. Our thesis is then based on four levels of analysis.A study of the work organisation of AI from the perspective of subcontracting mechanisms in the field of AI. We show that, although they operate remotely, workers are strongly integrated into the production process, which is explained through the need of monitoring data quality and therefore the performance of AI models. An analysis of the consequences of AI on work by analysing outsourced activities that are essential for its development.This part allows us to show that these are qualified jobs belonging to a sector that offers many 'complementary' activities that complement the functioning of AI models.We also show that this industry operates in a post-colonial context that gives rise to a 'data extractivism' that gives rise to a 'data extractivism' that is synonymous with AI models' development. We also show that this industry operates in a post-colonial context, giving rise to a 'data extractivism' that is synonymous with the establishment of a veritable 'chain of global precarity'. Finally, we contribute to the sociology of AI by analysing what the work of AI explains about the functioning of artificial intelligence, especially in terms of 'bias"
Cambe, Jordan. "Understanding the complex dynamics of social systems with diverse formal tools." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEN043/document.
For the past two decades, electronic devices have revolutionized the traceability of social phenomena. Social dynamics now leave numerical footprints, which can be analyzed to better understand collective behaviors. The development of large online social networks (like Facebook, Twitter and more generally mobile communications) and connected physical structures (like transportation networks and geolocalised social platforms) resulted in the emergence of large longitudinal datasets. These new datasets bring the opportunity to develop new methods to analyze temporal dynamics in and of these systems. Nowadays, the plurality of data available requires to adapt and combine a plurality of existing methods in order to enlarge the global vision that one has on such complex systems. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the dynamics of social systems using three sets of tools: network science, statistical physics modeling and machine learning. This thesis starts by giving general definitions and some historical context on the methods mentioned above. After that, we show the complex dynamics induced by introducing an infinitesimal quantity of new agents to a Schelling-like model and discuss the limitations of statistical model simulation. The third chapter shows the added value of using longitudinal data. We study the behavior evolution of bike sharing system users and analyze the results of an unsupervised machine learning model aiming to classify users based on their profiles. The fourth chapter explores the differences between global and local methods for temporal community detection using scientometric networks. The last chapter merges complex network analysis and supervised machine learning in order to describe and predict the impact of new businesses on already established ones. We explore the temporal evolution of this impact and show the benefit of combining networks topology measures with machine learning algorithms
Silfversten, William. "Forskning och utveckling av sjukvårdsrelaterad artificiell intelligens mot bakgrund av dataskyddsförordningen." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-351551.
Patrix, Jérémy. "Détection de comportements à travers des modèles multi-agents collaboratifs, appliquée à l'évaluation de la situation, notamment en environnement asymétrique avec des données imprécises et incertaines." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00991091.
Suro, François. "Epigenetic learning of autonomous behaviours in a society of agents." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTS049.
Humans and robots are autonomous agents acting within the constraints of the physical world. However, the intelligence and autonomy of humans is far superior to that of machines. Inspired by psychology and neurosciences, developmental robotics aims to give artificial agents the ability to adapt, learn and develop autonomously, in order to reach or even exceed the capabilities of humans. Many research fields are involved in the improvement of sensorimotor skill training, memory systems, emergent representations of symbols and languages, motivational systems, and the development of many learning strategies ranging from exploration to imitation and social learning.However, most of these research projects are focused on a very specific and limited task. Few of them aim to bring together all aspects of embodied intelligence, from the initial development of behaviours to the interactions with other intelligent agents. There is therefore a real need to study which underlying structures can unify this heterogeneity of goals and methods in a perpetually evolving system.Our goal is to provide such a structure, capable of learning sensorimotor skills as well as more complex skills that go beyond simple reactive behaviour. The main contribution of this thesis is a hierarchical architecture using modular properties to achieve cumulative skill learning, namely MIND. In MIND, sensory information and coordination commands between skills are both treated as signals, using a connectionist inspired approach.Starting from preliminary work on social specialization in multi-agent systems, we conduct a series of experiments using a MIND hierarchy to accumulate behaviours, from simple sensorimotor behaviours to social behaviours. We first build complex behaviours based on simple reactive behaviours, then integrate simple memory systems with complex behaviours, and finally use these memory systems to learn social behaviours that replicate our initial model of social specialization.We show that such an architecture is capable of managing the heterogeneity of the behaviours to be learned and the systems to be coordinated. The use of a connectionist approach, a signal-based system, as the underlying architecture made learning both motor control and decision behaviour possible, and also lead to the emergence of memory representations.Beyond the benefits of MIND as a support for designing developmental agents, our work shows the feasibility of continuous development and the advantages of embodiment in grounding the emergent behaviour, which supports developmental robotics as an approach to general purpose AI
Buche, Cédric. "Adaptive behaviors for virtual entities in participatory virtual environments." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00672518.
Khichane, Madjid. "Optimisation sous contraintes par intelligence collective auto-adaptative." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00720232.
Barot, Camille. "Scénarisation d'environnements virtuels : vers un équilibre entre contrôle, cohérence et adaptabilité." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00980537.
Ouni, Slim. "Parole Multimodale : de la parole articulatoire à la parole audiovisuelle." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00927119.
Lahoud, Inaya. "Un système multi-agents pour la gestion des connaissances hétérogènes et distribuées." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00977758.
Basso, Gillian. "Approche à base d'agents pour l'ingénierie et le contrôle de micro-réseaux." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00982342.
Rakotoarisoa, Mahefa. "Les risques hydrologiques dans les bassins versants sous contrôle anthropique : modélisation de l'aléa, de la vulnérabilité et des conséquences sur les sociétés. : Cas de la région Sud-ouest de Madagascar." Thesis, Angers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ANGE0067/document.
Hydrological risks are recurrent on the Fiherenana watershed - Madagascar. The city of Toliara, which is located at the outlet of the river basin, is subject each year to hurricane hazards and floods. The stakes are of major importance in this part of the island. This study begins with the analysis of hazard by collecting all existing hydro-climatic data on the catchment. It then seeks to determine trends, despite the significant lack of data, using statistical models (time series). Then, two approaches are used to assess the vulnerability of the city of Toliara and its surrounding villages. First, a static approach, from surveys of land and the use of GIS are conducted. Then, the second method is based on a multi-agent model. The first step is the mapping of a microscale vulnerability index which is an arrangement of several static criteria. For each House, there are several criteria of vulnerability such as potential water depth or architectural typology. As for the second part, scenes of agents are simulated in order to evaluate the degree of housing vulnerability to flooding. The model aims to estimate the chances of the occupants to escape from a catastrophic flood. For this purpose, we compare various settings and scenarios, some of which are conducted to take into account the effect of various decisions made by the responsible entities (awareness campaign etc.). The simulation consists of two essential parts: the simulation of the rise of water and the simulation of the behaviour of the people facing the occurence of hazard. Indicators and simulations allow to better understand the risks in order to help crisis management. Key Words: Hy
Kaboli, Mohammad Hadi. "Operational research on an urban planning tool : application in the urban development of Strasbourg 1982." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01057695.
Tena-Chollet, Florian. "Elaboration d'un environnement semi-virtuel de formation à la gestion stratégique de crise, basé sur la simulation multi-agents." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00741941.