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Journal articles on the topic 'Integrated Sensing and Communications'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

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1

Chen, Xu, Zhiyong Feng, J. Andrew Zhang, Zhaohui Yang, Xin Yuan, Xinxin He, and Ping Zhang. "Integrated Communication, Sensing, and Computation Framework for 6G Networks." Sensors 24, no. 10 (May 7, 2024): 2968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24102968.

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In the sixth generation (6G) era, intelligent machine network (IMN) applications, such as intelligent transportation, require collaborative machines with communication, sensing, and computation (CSC) capabilities. This article proposes an integrated communication, sensing, and computation (ICSAC) framework for 6G to achieve the reciprocity among CSC functions to enhance the reliability and latency of communication, accuracy and timeliness of sensing information acquisition, and privacy and security of computing to realize the IMN applications. Specifically, the sensing and communication functions can merge into unified platforms using the same transmit signals, and the acquired real-time sensing information can be exploited as prior information for intelligent algorithms to enhance the performance of communication networks. This is called the computing-empowered integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) reciprocity. Such reciprocity can further improve the performance of distributed computation with the assistance of networked sensing capability, which is named the sensing-empowered integrated communications and computation (ICAC) reciprocity. The above ISAC and ICAC reciprocities can enhance each other iteratively and finally lead to the ICSAC reciprocity. To achieve these reciprocities, we explore the potential enabling technologies for the ICSAC framework. Finally, we present the evaluation results of crucial enabling technologies to show the feasibility of the ICSAC framework.

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2

Masouros, Christos, J. Andrew Zhang, Fan Liu, Le Zheng, Henk Wymeersch, and Marco Di Renzo. "Guest Editorial: Integrated Sensing and Communications for 6G." IEEE Wireless Communications 30, no. 1 (February 2023): 14–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwc.2023.10077115.

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3

Gao, Ying, Hongmei Xue, Long Zhang, and Enchang Sun. "UAV Trajectory Design and Power Optimization for Terahertz Band-Integrated Sensing and Communications." Sensors 23, no. 6 (March 10, 2023): 3005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23063005.

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Sixth generation (6G) wireless networks require very low latency and an ultra-high data rate, which have become the main challenges for future wireless communications. To effectively balance the requirements of 6G and the extreme shortage of capacity within the existing wireless networks, sensing-assisted communications in the terahertz (THz) band with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is proposed. In this scenario, the THz-UAV acts as an aerial base station to provide information on users and sensing signals and detect the THz channel to assist UAV communication. However, communication and sensing signals that use the same resources can cause interference with each other. Therefore, we research a cooperative method of co-existence between sensing and communication signals in the same frequency and time allocation to reduce the interference. We then formulate an optimization problem to minimize the total delay by jointly optimizing the UAV trajectory, frequency association, and transmission power of each user. The resulting problem is a non-convex and mixed integer optimization problem, which is challenging to solve. By resorting to the Lagrange multiplier and proximal policy optimization (PPO) method, we propose an overall alternating optimization algorithm to solve this problem in an iterative way. Specifically, given the UAV location and frequency, the sub-problem of the sensing and communication transmission powers is transformed into a convex problem, which is solved by the Lagrange multiplier method. Second, in each iteration, for given sensing and communication transmission powers, we relax the discrete variable to a continuous variable and use the PPO algorithm to tackle the sub-problem of joint optimization of the UAV location and frequency. The results show that the proposed algorithm reduces the delay and improves the transmission rate when compared with the conventional greedy algorithm.

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4

Matzeu, G., C. O'Quigley, E. McNamara, C. Zuliani, C. Fay, T. Glennon, and D. Diamond. "An integrated sensing and wireless communications platform for sensing sodium in sweat." Analytical Methods 8, no. 1 (2016): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ay02254a.

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5

Ni, Zhitong, Andrew Jian Zhang, Ren-Ping Liu, and Kai Yang. "Doubly Constrained Waveform Optimization for Integrated Sensing and Communications." Sensors 23, no. 13 (June 28, 2023): 5988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23135988.

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This paper investigates threshold-constrained joint waveform optimization for an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system. Unlike existing studies, we employ mutual information (MI) and sum rate (SR) as sensing and communication metrics, respectively, and optimize the waveform under constraints to both metrics simultaneously. This provides significant flexibility in meeting system performance. We formulate three different optimization problems that constrain the radar performance only, the communication performance only, and the ISAC performance, respectively. New techniques are developed to solve the original problems, which are NP-hard and cannot be directly solved by conventional semi-definite programming (SDP) techniques. Novel gradient descent methods are developed to solve the first two problems. For the third non-convex optimization problem, we transform it into a convex problem and solve it via convex toolboxes. We also disclose the connections between three optimizations using numerical results. Finally, simulation results are provided and validate the proposed optimization solutions.

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6

Ouyang, Chongjun, Yuanwei Liu, Hongwen Yang, and Naofal Al-Dhahir. "Integrated Sensing and Communications: A Mutual Information-Based Framework." IEEE Communications Magazine 61, no. 5 (May 2023): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2200493.

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7

Zhou, Wenxing, Ruoyu Zhang, Guangyi Chen, and Wen Wu. "Integrated Sensing and Communication Waveform Design: A Survey." IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society 3 (2022): 1930–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2022.3215683.

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8

Rana, Biswarup, Sung-Sil Cho, and Ic-Pyo Hong. "Characterization of Unit Cells of a Reconfigurable Intelligence Surface Integrated with Sensing Capability at the mmWave Frequency Band." Electronics 13, no. 9 (April 26, 2024): 1689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13091689.

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Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is emerging as a main feature for 5G/6G communications. To enhance spectral and energy efficiencies in wireless environments, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) will play a significant role in beyond-5G/6G communications. Multi-functional RISs, capable of not only reflecting or transmitting the beam in desired directions but also sensing the signal, wirelessly transferring power to nearby devices, harvesting energy, etc., will be highly beneficial for beyond-5G/6G applications. In this paper, we propose a nearly 2-bit unit cell of RISs integrated with sensing capabilities in the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency band. To collect a very small fraction of the impinging signals through vias, we employed substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology at the bottom of the unit cell and a via. This enabled the sensing of incoming signals, requiring only a small amount of the impinging signal to be collected through SIW. Initially, we utilized Floquet ports and boundary conditions to obtain various parameters of the unit cells. Subsequently, we examined 1 × 3-unit cells, placing them on the waveguide model to obtain the required parameters of the unit cell. By using the waveguide and 1 × 3-unit cell arrays, the sensing amount was also determined.

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9

Mihret, Estifanos Tilahun, and Kebebew Ababu Yitayih. "Operation of VANET Communications." International Journal of Smart Vehicles and Smart Transportation 4, no. 1 (January 2021): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsvst.2021010103.

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This work proposed an integrated novel architecture of UAV System, LTE/4G, and WAVE technologies with its forwarding schemes in highway scenario to enhance the VANET communications and achieve the requirements of its basic applications, particularly safety and traffic. Algorithms for UAV sensing, tagging (based on the proposed safety and traffic info model), and broadcasting operations, and forwarding of safety or traffic info to respective infrastructures, and then smart ground vehicles are designed, particularly to minimize intermittent connectivity and bandwidth usage as well as to satisfy the requirements of VANET applications. The authors have evaluated the performance of the integrated novel architecture with its forwarding schemes/algorithms through integrated and simulated VANETs and wireless access technologies (LTE/4G and UAV system) environment.

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10

Li, Lan, Hongtao Lin, Jerome Michon, Sarah Geiger, Junying Li, Hanyu Zheng, Yizhong Huang, et al. "(Invited) Mechanically Flexible Integrated Photonic Systems for Sensing and Communications." ECS Transactions 77, no. 7 (April 19, 2017): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/07707.0037ecst.

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11

Gu, Yang, Tianheng Xu, Kai Feng, Yuling Ouyang, Wen Du, Xin Tian, and Ting Lei. "ISAC towards 6G Satellite–Terrestrial Communications: Principles, Status, and Prospects." Electronics 13, no. 7 (April 4, 2024): 1369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13071369.

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With the evolution of fifth-generation (5G) to sixth-generation (6G) communication systems, the utilization of spectrum resources faces incremental challenges. Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) technology, as a crucial element in 6G technology, is expected to enhance energy efficiency and spectrum utilization efficiency by integrating radar and communication signals, achieving environmental awareness, and enabling scene interconnection. Simultaneously, to realize the vision of seamless coverage in 6G, research on integrated satellite-terrestrial communication has been prioritized. To integrate the advantages, ISAC for integrated satellite–terrestrial networks (ISTNs) in 6G has emerged as a potential research direction. This paper offers an extensive overview of the present state of key technologies for ISAC and the development of ISTNs. Meanwhile, with a focus on the ISTN-oriented 6G ISAC system, several hotspot topics, including future application scenarios and key technological developments, are outlined and demonstrated.

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12

Jin, Shi, Christos Masouros, Fan Liu, Jie Xu, and Jie Yang. "Integrated sensing and communication for future wireless networks." China Communications 20, no. 9 (September 2023): iii—vi. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/jcc.2023.10251767.

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13

Wang, Zhaolin, Yuanwei Liu, Xidong Mu, Zhiguo Ding, and Octavia A. Dobre. "NOMA Empowered Integrated Sensing and Communication." IEEE Communications Letters 26, no. 3 (March 2022): 677–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2022.3140271.

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14

Mura, Monica La, Dajana Cassioli, Maksim Shundalau, Ernestina Cianca, and Patrizia Lamberti. "Graphene Devices for Aerial Wireless Communications at THz." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2716, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2716/1/012045.

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Abstract This paper investigates the state-of-the-art of graphene-based technologies for the prospective use cases of end-to-end terahertz (THz) communication systems, such as industrial Internet of Things (IoT) applications and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). THz communications offer ultra-high throughput and enhanced sensing capabilities, enabling advanced applications like UAV swarms and integrated sensing, localization, and mapping. The potential of wireless THz communication can be unlocked by graphene technology. Graphene, owing to its remarkable electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties, emerges as a promising candidate for a multitude of applications in aerial wireless communications in the THz band, including high-speed electronic devices, tunable metamaterials, and innovative antennas. However, reliable tools for the simulation-based design of graphene components, able to account for the fabrication-related uncertainties, are still missing. This paper presents the envisaged possibilities of wireless communications in THz bands, overviews graphene devices for RF applications at THz, and discusses the open issues of modelling THz devices and THz channel.

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15

Howe, Bruce M., and James H. Miller. "Acoustic Sensing for Ocean Research." Marine Technology Society Journal 38, no. 2 (June 1, 2004): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533204787522811.

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Ocean observatories have the potential to examine the physical, chemical, biological, and geological parameters and processes of the ocean at time and space scales previously unexplored. Acoustics provides an efficient and cost-effective means by which these parameters and processes can be measured and information can be communicated. Integrated acoustics systems providing navigation and communications and conducting acoustic measurements in support of science applications are, in concept, analogous to the Global Positioning System, but rely on acoustics because the ocean is opaque to electromagnetic waves and transparent to sound. A series of nested systems is envisioned, from small- to regional- to basin-scale. A small number of acoustic sources sending coded, low power signals can service unlimited numbers of inexpensive receivers. Drifting and fixed receivers can be tracked accurately while collecting ocean circulation and heat content data (both point and integral data), as well as ambient sound data about wind, rain, marine mammals, seismic T-phases, and anthropogenic activity. The sources can also transmit control data from users to remote instruments, and if paired with receivers enable two-way acoustic communications links. Acoustic instrumentation that shares the acoustic spectrum completes the concept of integrated acoustics systems. The ocean observations presently in the planning and implementation stages will require these integrated acoustics systems.

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16

Zhang, Likang, Qinghe Du, Lei Lu, and Shijiao Zhang. "Overview of the Integration of Communications, Sensing, Computing, and Storage as Enabling Technologies for the Metaverse over 6G Networks." Electronics 12, no. 17 (August 29, 2023): 3651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12173651.

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The metaverse, as an envisioned paradigm of the future internet, aims to establish an immersive and multidimensional virtual space in which global users can interact with one another, as in the real world. With the rapid development of emerging technologies—such as digital twins (DT), blockchain, and artificial intelligence (AI)—the diverse potential application scenarios of the metaverse have attracted a great deal of research attention and have created a prosperous market. The demand for ubiquitous communications, pervasive sensing, ultra-low latency computing, and distributed storage has consequently surged, due to the massive heterogeneous devices and data in the metaverse. In order to achieve the metaverse, it is essential to establish an infrastructure system that integrates communications, sensing, computing, and storage technologies. Information about the physical world can be obtained by pervasive sensing, computing resources can be scheduled in a reasonable manner, quick data access can be achieved through the coordination of centralized and distributed storage, and, as the bridge, mobile communications systems connect communications, sensing, computing, and storage in a new system, which is the integration of communications, sensing, computing, and storage (I-CSCS). Following this trend, this paper discusses the requirements of the metaverse for spectrum resources, ultra-reliable transmission, seamless coverage, and security protection in wireless mobile communications systems, and analyzes the fundamental supporting role of the sixth-generation mobile communications system (6G) in the metaverse. Then, we explore the functions and roles of the integrated sensing and communications technologies (ISAC), as well as the integration of communications, computing, and storage technologies for the metaverse. Finally, we summarize the research directions and challenges of I-CSCS in the metaverse.

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17

Wu, Kai, J. Andrew Zhang, Xiaojing Huang, and Y. Jay Guo. "Removing False Targets for Cyclic Prefixed OFDM Sensing with Extended Ranging." Sensors 22, no. 22 (November 21, 2022): 9015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22229015.

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Employing a cyclic prefixed OFDM (CP-OFDM) communication waveform for sensing has attracted extensive attention in vehicular integrated sensing and communications (ISAC). A unified sensing framework was developed recently, enabling CP-OFDM sensing to surpass the conventional limits imposed by underlying communications. However, a false target issue still remains unsolved. In this paper, we investigate and solve this issue. Specifically, we unveil that false targets are caused by periodic cyclic prefixes (CPs) in CP-OFDM waveforms. We also derive the relation between the locations of false and true targets, and other features, e.g., strength, of false targets. Moreover, we develop an effective solution to remove false targets. Simulations are provided to confirm the validity of our analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed solution. In particular, our design can reduce the false alarm rate caused by false targets by over 50% compared with the prior art.

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18

Allegro, Gabriele, Alessio Fascista, and Angelo Coluccia. "Acoustic Dual-Function Communication and Echo-Location in Inaudible Band." Sensors 22, no. 3 (February 8, 2022): 1284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22031284.

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Acoustic communications are experiencing renewed interest as alternative solutions to traditional RF communications, not only in RF-denied environments (such as underwater) but also in areas where the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum is heavily shared among several wireless systems. By introducing additional dedicated channels, independent from the EM ones, acoustic systems can be used to ensure the continuity of some critical services such as communication, localization, detection, and sensing. In this paper, we design and implement a novel acoustic system that uses only low-cost off-the-shelf hardware and the transmission of a single, suitably designed signal in the inaudible band (18–22 kHz) to perform integrated sensing (ranging) and communication. The experimental testbed consists of a common home speaker transmitting acoustic signals to a smartphone, which receives them through the integrated microphone, and of an additional receiver exploiting the same signals to estimate distance information from a physical obstacle in the environment. The performance of the proposed dual-function system in terms of noise, data rate, and accuracy in distance estimation is experimentally evaluated in a real operational environment.

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19

Nguyen, Cam. "Silicon radio-frequency integrated-circuits for advanced wireless communications and sensing." Qatar Foundation Annual Research Forum Proceedings, no. 2013 (November 2013): ICTP 010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarf.2013.ictp-010.

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20

Meneghello, Francesca, Cheng Chen, Carlos Cordeiro, and Francesco Restuccia. "Toward Integrated Sensing and Communications in IEEE 802.11bf Wi-Fi Networks." IEEE Communications Magazine 61, no. 7 (July 2023): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2200806.

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21

Yang, Jie, Chao-Kai Wen, Xi Yang, Jing Xu, Tao Du, and Shi Jin. "Multi-Domain Cooperative SLAM: The Enabler for Integrated Sensing and Communications." IEEE Wireless Communications 30, no. 1 (February 2023): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwc.006.2200217.

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22

Hrovat, Andrej, Aleš Simončič, Teodora Kocevska, Grega Morano, Aleš Švigelj, and Tomaž Javornik. "Integrated Communications and Sensing in Terahertz Band: A Propagation Channel Perspective." Journal of Communications Software and Systems 20, no. 1 (2024): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24138/jcomss-2023-0174.

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23

Liu, Yiwen, Chong Pan, Xiaolong Liu, Ying Zhu, and Yifu Liu. "A Waveform Design for MIMO Sensing on Two-Dimensional Arrays with Sparse Estimation." Electronics 12, no. 18 (September 16, 2023): 3906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12183906.

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With the increasing demand for target sensing in future mobile communication networks, integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) not only brings new system architecture and multi-functional integration, but also introduces new challenges. In order to further reduce the data volume of the sensing system signal processing, this paper proposes a waveform optimization design method and target parameter estimation technique for a compressed sensing multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar based on a 2D antenna array. This scheme enables accurate estimation of target angles in the sparse time-domain sampling scenario and L-shaped antenna array. In this paper, extensive simulation results demonstrate the good performance of the proposed scheme for various compression ratios and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs).

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24

Liu, Bo, Qixun Zhang, Zheng Jiang, Dongsheng Xue, Chenlong Xu, Bowen Wang, Xiaoming She, and Jinlin Peng. "Architecture for cellular enabled integrated communication and sensing services." China Communications 20, no. 9 (September 2023): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/jcc.fa.2023-0155.202309.

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25

Hong, Xinyu, Na Lv, and Ying Pan. "Integrated sensing and communication-assisted beam rendezvous in airborne networks." Computer Communications 216 (February 2024): 274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2024.01.019.

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26

Granjal, Jorge, and Artur Pedroso. "An Intrusion Detection and Prevention Framework for Internet-Integrated CoAP WSN." Security and Communication Networks 2018 (April 22, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1753897.

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End-to-end communications between Internet devices and Internet-integrated constrained wireless sensing platforms will provide an important contribution to the enabling of many of the envisioned IoT applications and, in this context, security must be addressed when employing communication technologies such as 6LoWPAN and CoAP. Considering the constraints typically found on sensing devices in terms of energy, memory, and computational capability, the integration of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) with the Internet using such technologies will open new threats and attacks that must be dealt with, particularly those originated at devices without the constraints of WSN sensors (e.g., Internet hosts). Existing encryption strategies for communications in IoT environments are unable to protect Internet-integrated WSN environments from Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, as well as from other forms of attacks at the network and application layers using CoAP. We may thus fairly consider that anomaly and intrusion detection will play a major role in the materialization of most of the envisioned IoT applications. In this article, we propose a framework to support intrusion detection and reaction in Internet-integrated CoAP WSN, and in the context of this framework we design and implement various approaches to support security against various classes of attacks. We have implemented and evaluated experimentally the proposed framework and mechanisms, considering various attack scenarios, and our approach was found to be viable, from the point of view of its impact on critical resources of sensing devices and of its efficiency in dealing with the considered attacks.

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Haas, J., M. Schwartz, U. Rengstl, M. Jetter, P. Michler, and B. Mizaikoff. "Chem/bio sensing with non-classical light and integrated photonics." Analyst 143, no. 3 (2018): 593–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7an01011g.

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Modern quantum technology experiences currently extensive advances in its applicability in communications, cryptography, computing, metrology and lithography. Harnessing this technology platform for chem/bio sensing scenarios is an appealing possibility to enable ultra-sensitive detection schemes.

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Leyva, Leonardo, Samuel Costa, Daniel Castanheira, Adão Silva, and Atílio Gameiro. "On SFBC Schemes for Enabling Virtual Array Concept in Monostatic ISAC Scenarios." Sensors 22, no. 3 (February 1, 2022): 1103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22031103.

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The integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) paradigm is being proposed for 6G as a new feature of the physical layer (PHY), for tackling dual-functional applications, i.e., demanding radio-sensing and communication functions, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and autonomous driving systems. This work considers the integration of sensing and communications functionalities in a unique platform. To achieve this goal, the use of orthogonal space frequency block codes (SFBC) is proposed. SFBC code orthogonality enables both the separation of communications data streams at a user terminal and the estimation of target parameters. The SFBC enhances the communications link diversity without requiring channel state information knowledge at the transmitter and enable the virtual antenna array concept for enhancing the direction-finding resolution. The use of different SFBCs provides a tradeoff between achieved diversity and sensing resolution. For example, an Alamouti code, applicable for the case with two transmitting antennas, duplicates sensing resolution and achieves a diversity order of two while the use of a Tarokh code, applicable for a scenario with four transmitting antennas, provides a fourfold better resolution and diversity order of four. However, the code rate achieved with the Tarokh code is half of the one achieved with the Alamouti code. Furthermore, the unambiguous range is reduced since the bandwidth is divided to multiplex the different antenna signals. For its simplicity, good performance and reduced integration requirements, the method is promising for future ISAC systems.

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Jia, Bolun, Xumin Gao, Ziqi Ye, Pengzhan Liu, Fangren Hu, Hongbo Zhu, and Yongjin Wang. "Monolithically Integrated Sensing, Communication, and Energy Harvester." Energy Technology 10, no. 4 (February 14, 2022): 2100793. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ente.202100793.

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Ruo Roch, Massimo, and Maurizio Martina. "Integrated Light Sensing and Communication for LED Lighting." Designs 2, no. 4 (November 22, 2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs2040049.

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Solid state lighting is nowadays widely diffused both in residential and office or industrial environment. Ambient light sensing to modulate lamp power is typical too, but sensors inside a lamp are a challenge, due to the high flux of these sources, which easily saturates nearby light detectors. Usually, separate sensing devices must be introduced in the system, thus increasing complexity and cost. In this work, a methodology will be presented, to allow integration of a light sensing device inside a lamp, using low cost circuitry to mitigate interactions between high power light-emitting diode (LED) sources and sensing photodiodes. Moreover, the same circuit allows visual light communication among sources.

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Alam, Muhammad, Jian-Feng Wang, Cong Guangpei, LV Yunrong, and Yuanfang Chen. "Convolutional Neural Network for the Semantic Segmentation of Remote Sensing Images." Mobile Networks and Applications 26, no. 1 (February 2021): 200–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11036-020-01703-3.

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AbstractIn recent years, the success of deep learning in natural scene image processing boosted its application in the analysis of remote sensing images. In this paper, we applied Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) on the semantic segmentation of remote sensing images. We improve the Encoder- Decoder CNN structure SegNet with index pooling and U-net to make them suitable for multi-targets semantic segmentation of remote sensing images. The results show that these two models have their own advantages and disadvantages on the segmentation of different objects. In addition, we propose an integrated algorithm that integrates these two models. Experimental results show that the presented integrated algorithm can exploite the advantages of both the models for multi-target segmentation and achieve a better segmentation compared to these two models.

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Zhang, Jiale. "Key Technology Analysis of Integrated Sensing System Towards 6G Communication." Journal of Computing and Electronic Information Management 11, no. 3 (November 27, 2023): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/jceim.v11i3.14.

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As emerging networks put forward higher demands for end-to-end information processing capability in 6G communication, integrated sensing and communication technology has become a prevailing trend for the future development of 6G. By adopting the integrated sensing and communication technology, the integrated sensing system in 6G communication could implement various functions, such as spectrum sharing, hardware sharing, and signal sharing, so as to further enable real-time monitoring, tracking, identification, and imaging of targets or objects, and to meet the needs of users in a better way. By separating communication and sensing, the integrated system could enhance both the performance of integration and collaboration. In this paper, with the purpose of discussing the application scenarios and performance metrics for integrated sensing and communication in depth, we also highlight the analysis of key technologies such as system architecture, air interface integration, and network integration. Our aim is to achieve an effective operation of the integrated system.

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Chen, Shanzhi, F. Richard Yu, Weisong Shi, and Changle Li. "Guest editorial: Integrated sensing, computing and communications technologies in IoV and V2X." China Communications 20, no. 3 (March 2023): iii—v. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/jcc.2023.10091896.

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Chen, Jiechen, Nicolas Skatchkovsky, and Osvaldo Simeone. "Neuromorphic Integrated Sensing and Communications." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 2022, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3231388.

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35

Wang, Zhaolin, Xidong Mu, and Yuanwei Liu. "Near-Field Integrated Sensing and Communications." IEEE Communications Letters, 2023, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2023.3280132.

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Li, Xinyu, Yuanhao Cui, J. Andrew Zhang, Fan Liu, Daqing Zhang, and Lajos Hanzo. "Integrated Human Activity Sensing and Communications." IEEE Communications Magazine, 2022, 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.002.2200391.

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Wang, Zhaolin, Xidong Mu, and Yuanwei Liu. "STARS Enabled Integrated Sensing and Communications." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2023, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3245297.

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38

Zhang, Haolin, Tao Yang, Xiaofeng Wu, Ziyu Guo, and Bo Hu. "Robust beamforming design for UAV communications based on integrated sensing and communication." EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking 2023, no. 1 (September 1, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13638-023-02300-0.

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AbstractIntegrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has been a promising technique in various wireless communication applications. In this paper, we investigate a beamforming design method based on ISAC waveforms in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications. An integrated state prediction and beamforming design framework is presented. We utilize the target states from sensing algorithms to improve the prediction performance. Based on the predicted states, we formulate the mathematical form of the communication interruption probability. To enhance the beamforming performance, we propose a design approach that satisfies both sensing and communication metrics and the communication interruption constraints. We show that the proposed method achieves robust communication under the integrated state prediction and beamforming design framework. Simulation results show that by using the ISAC signal, our method significantly lowers the communication interruption probability in the beamforming process and achieves better communication performance.

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Bazzi, Ahmad, and Marwa Chafii. "Secure Full Duplex Integrated Sensing and Communications." IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 2023, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2023.3346696.

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Luo, Hongliang, Yucong Wang, Dongqi Luo, Jianwei Zhao, Huihui Wu, Shaodan Ma, and Feifei Gao. "Integrated Sensing and Communications in Clutter Environment." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2024, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3377184.

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Fang, Yuan, Siyao Zhang, Xinmin Li, Xianghao Yu, Jie Xu, and Shuguang Cui. "Multi-IRS-Enabled Integrated Sensing and Communications." IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2024, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2024.3387870.

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Zhang, Haobo, Hongliang Zhang, Boya Di, Marco Di Renzo, Zhu Han, H. Vincent Poor, and Lingyang Song. "Holographic Integrated Sensing and Communication." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2022, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2022.3155548.

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Zhao, Jianwei, Feifei Gao, Weimin Jia, Wanmai Yuan, and Wei Jin. "Integrated Sensing and Communications for UAV Communications with Jittering Effect." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 2023, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2023.3243590.

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Swamy, Anjali. "Advance cellular networks (4G, 5G, 6G)." International journal of health sciences, May 26, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6ns2.7943.

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Over the last several decades, the need inasmuch as wireless communication has skyrocketed. The next generation appropriate to communication, known as 5G, will soon be in widespread use throughout the globe. It is predicted that the sixth-generation (6G) wireless communications system would be deployed between 2027 also 2030 with complete support inasmuch as artificial intelligence. More capacity greater data rate also lower latency; better security also enhanced quality appropriate to service. (QoS) are some essential challenges that need towards be solved beyond 5G, compared towards the 5G system. in this study, the future network architecture appropriate to 6G wireless communication is described. Al, terahertz communication also wireless optical technology is some appropriate to the emerging technologies discussed in this article. Other topics coved include block chain, three dimensional networking also quantum communications, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell free communication, integrated wireless information also energy transfer, integrated sensing also communications, integrated wireless information also energy transfer, integrated sensing also communication, dynamic network slicing, also backscatter coherence. In addition, 6G communication requirements also potential technologies inasmuch as envisaged applications are discussed. On the way towards accomplishing this aim, we’ll discuss possible roadblock also new paths inasmuch as study.

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Dong, Yuxiang, Fan Liu, and Yifeng Xiong. "Joint Receiver Design for Integrated Sensing and Communications." IEEE Communications Letters, 2023, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2023.3274295.

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He, Haijun, Lin Jiang, Yan Pan, Anlin Yi, Xihua Zou, Wei Pan, Alan E. Willner, Xinyu Fan, Zuyuan He, and Lianshan Yan. "Integrated sensing and communication in an optical fibre." Light: Science & Applications 12, no. 1 (January 17, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-022-01067-1.

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AbstractThe integration of high-speed optical communication and distributed sensing could bring intelligent functionalities to ubiquitous optical fibre networks, such as urban structure imaging, ocean seismic detection, and safety monitoring of underground embedded pipelines. This work demonstrates a scheme of integrated sensing and communication in an optical fibre (ISAC-OF) using the same wavelength channel for simultaneous data transmission and distributed vibration sensing. The scheme not only extends the intelligent functionality for optical fibre communication system, but also improves its transmission performance. A periodic linear frequency modulation (LFM) light is generated to act as the optical carrier and sensing probe in PAM4 signal transmission and phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR), respectively. After a 24.5 km fibre transmission, the forward PAM4 signal and the carrier-correspondence Rayleigh backscattering signal are detected and demodulated. Experimental results show that the integrated solution achieves better transmission performance (~1.3 dB improvement) and a larger launching power (7 dB enhancement) at a 56 Gbit/s bit rate compared to a conventional PAM4 signal transmission. Meanwhile, a 4 m spatial resolution, 4.32-nε/$$\sqrt {Hz}$$ H z strain resolution, and over 21 kHz frequency response for the vibration sensing are obtained. The proposed solution offers a new path to further explore the potential of existing or future fibre-optic networks by the convergence of data transmission and status sensing. In addition, such a scheme of using shared spectrum in communication and distributed optical fibre sensing may be used to measure non-linear parameters in coherent optical communications, offering possible benefits for data transmission.

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Asif Haider, Mirza, and Yimin D. Zhang. "RIS-aided integrated sensing and communication: a mini-review." Frontiers in Signal Processing 3 (May 5, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frsip.2023.1197240.

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Integrating sensing and communication (ISAC) is a cutting-edge technology aimed at achieving high-resolution target sensing and high data-rate communications using a shared spectrum. This innovative approach optimizes the usage of the radio spectrum with no or minimal level of mutual interference. The capability of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to control the environment and provide additional degrees of freedom is driving the development of RIS-aided ISAC. In this mini-review, we provide an overview of the current state-of-the-art of RIS-aided ISAC technology, including various system configurations, approaches, and signal processing techniques.

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Alamzadeh, Idban, George C. Alexandropoulos, Nir Shlezinger, and Mohammadreza F. Imani. "A reconfigurable intelligent surface with integrated sensing capability." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (October 20, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99722-x.

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AbstractReconfigurable reflective surfaces can alter the propagation environment to improve wireless communication and power transfer. Paramount to this operation—which has attracted much attention recently—is the assumption that the reflective surface has prior knowledge of the propagation environment, for example, the direction/location of the transmitter and the intended receiver(s). To address this need, we propose a reconfigurable reflective metasurface with integrated sensing capabilities. By modifying the tunable meta-atoms constituting the metasurface, we couple small portions of the incident wave to an array of sensing waveguides. As an illustrative example, we demonstrate the ability to use the sampled incident wave to detect its angle of arrival. In addition, we propose and numerically demonstrate the possibility to reduce the required sensors, i.e., the number of radio frequency (RF) chains needed to acquire the sensed signals, by leveraging the inherent metasurface’s tunable multiplexing capability. A reconfigurable reflective metasurface with integrated sensing capabilities can benefit wireless communications, wireless power transfer, RF sensing, and smart sensors.

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Yuan, Peng, Zulin Wang, Qin Huang, and Yuanhan Ni. "Integrated Sensing and Communications System with Multiple Cyclic Prefixes." IEEE Communications Letters, 2023, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2023.3286985.

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Zhang, Haobo, Hongliang Zhang, Boya Di, and Lingyang Song. "Holographic Integrated Sensing and Communications: Principles, Technology, and Implementation." IEEE Communications Magazine, 2023, 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.003.2200399.

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