Journal articles: 'Integrated sensing and communication'

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Wang, Zhaolin, Yuanwei Liu, Xidong Mu, Zhiguo Ding, and Octavia A. Dobre. "NOMA Empowered Integrated Sensing and Communication." IEEE Communications Letters 26, no. 3 (March 2022): 677–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2022.3140271.

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Jia, Bolun, Xumin Gao, Ziqi Ye, Pengzhan Liu, Fangren Hu, Hongbo Zhu, and Yongjin Wang. "Monolithically Integrated Sensing, Communication, and Energy Harvester." Energy Technology 10, no. 4 (February 14, 2022): 2100793. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ente.202100793.

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Ruo Roch, Massimo, and Maurizio Martina. "Integrated Light Sensing and Communication for LED Lighting." Designs 2, no. 4 (November 22, 2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs2040049.

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Solid state lighting is nowadays widely diffused both in residential and office or industrial environment. Ambient light sensing to modulate lamp power is typical too, but sensors inside a lamp are a challenge, due to the high flux of these sources, which easily saturates nearby light detectors. Usually, separate sensing devices must be introduced in the system, thus increasing complexity and cost. In this work, a methodology will be presented, to allow integration of a light sensing device inside a lamp, using low cost circuitry to mitigate interactions between high power light-emitting diode (LED) sources and sensing photodiodes. Moreover, the same circuit allows visual light communication among sources.

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Zhou, Wenxing, Ruoyu Zhang, Guangyi Chen, and Wen Wu. "Integrated Sensing and Communication Waveform Design: A Survey." IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society 3 (2022): 1930–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2022.3215683.

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Huang, He, and Wen-Qin Wang. "FDA-OFDM for integrated navigation, sensing, and communication systems." IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine 33, no. 5-6 (May 2018): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/maes.2018.170109.

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Arafin, Shamsul, and Larry A. Coldren. "Advanced InP Photonic Integrated Circuits for Communication and Sensing." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 24, no. 1 (January 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstqe.2017.2754583.

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Merlino, P., and A. Abramo. "An Integrated Sensing/Communication Architecture for Structural Health Monitoring." IEEE Sensors Journal 9, no. 11 (November 2009): 1397–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2009.2021792.

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Zhang, Chenlin, and Pan Wang. "Fuzzy Logic System Assisted Sensing Resource Allocation for Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication Integrated Network." Sensors 22, no. 20 (October 11, 2022): 7708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22207708.

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With the development of information transmission, there is an increasing demand for state monitoring of fiber-optic communication networks to improve the security and self-healing ability of the network. Distributed optical fiber sensing is one of the most attractive methods because it can achieve real-time detection of the whole network without additional sensing heads. However, when the sensing network is introduced into the communication network, the failure probability should be efficiently suppressed with limited sensing resources. In this paper, the fuzzy logic system is used to evaluate the impact of different sensing resource allocation on optical cable network quality. The link failure probability and path failure probability under the condition of uniform and non-uniform sensing resource allocation are simulated and analyzed, respectively. As shown in the analysis results, the failure probability under non-uniform allocation is significantly lower than under uniform allocation. In this paper, we discussed and addressed the allocation of the optical fiber sensing and communication integrated (OFSCI) network with the limited sensing resource for the first time. The results are helpful to develop an allocation strategy for optical fiber sensing and a communication integrated network with a higher robustness.

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Dai, Minghui, Yang Li, Peichun Li, Yuan Wu, Liping Qian, Bin Lin, and Zhou Su. "A Survey on Integrated Sensing, Communication, and Computing Networks for Smart Oceans." Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks 11, no. 4 (October 26, 2022): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jsan11040070.

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The smart ocean has been regarded as an integrated sensing, communication, and computing ecosystem developed for connecting marine objects in surface and underwater environments. The development of the smart ocean is expected to support a variety of marine applications and services such as resource exploration, marine disaster rescuing, and environment monitoring. However, the complex and dynamic marine environments and the limited network resources raise new challenges in marine communication and computing, especially for these computing-intensive and delay-sensitive tasks. Recently, the space–air–ground–sea integrated networks have been envisioned as a promising network framework to enhance the communication and computing performance. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive survey on the integrated sensing, communication, and computing networks (ISCCNs) for smart oceans based on the collaboration of space–air–ground–sea networks from four domains (i.e., space layer, aerial layer, sea surface layer, and underwater layer), and five aspects (i.e., sensing-related, communication-related, computation-related, security-related, and application-related). Specifically, we provide the key technologies for the ISCCNs in smart oceans, and introduce the state-of-the-art marine sensing, communication, and computing paradigms. The emerging challenges with the potential solutions of the ISCCNs for smart oceans are illustrated to enable the intelligent services. Moreover, the new applications for the ISCCNs in smart oceans are discussed, and potential research directions in smart oceans are provided for future works.

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Allegro, Gabriele, Alessio Fascista, and Angelo Coluccia. "Acoustic Dual-Function Communication and Echo-Location in Inaudible Band." Sensors 22, no. 3 (February 8, 2022): 1284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22031284.

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Acoustic communications are experiencing renewed interest as alternative solutions to traditional RF communications, not only in RF-denied environments (such as underwater) but also in areas where the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum is heavily shared among several wireless systems. By introducing additional dedicated channels, independent from the EM ones, acoustic systems can be used to ensure the continuity of some critical services such as communication, localization, detection, and sensing. In this paper, we design and implement a novel acoustic system that uses only low-cost off-the-shelf hardware and the transmission of a single, suitably designed signal in the inaudible band (18–22 kHz) to perform integrated sensing (ranging) and communication. The experimental testbed consists of a common home speaker transmitting acoustic signals to a smartphone, which receives them through the integrated microphone, and of an additional receiver exploiting the same signals to estimate distance information from a physical obstacle in the environment. The performance of the proposed dual-function system in terms of noise, data rate, and accuracy in distance estimation is experimentally evaluated in a real operational environment.

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Niu, Kai, Christos Masouros, Jie Xu, Tony Xiao Han, Aboulnasr Hassanien, Yonina C. Eldar, and Stefano Buzzi. "Guest Editorial Special Issue on Integrated Sensing and Communication—Part II." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 40, no. 7 (July 2022): 2007–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2022.3157514.

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Liu, Fan, Christos Masouros, Jie Xu, Tony Xiao Han, Aboulnasr Hassanien, Yonina C. Eldar, and Stefano Buzzi. "Guest Editorial Special Issue on Integrated Sensing and Communication—Part I." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 40, no. 6 (June 2022): 1723–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2022.3157507.

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Zhao, Na, Yunlong Wang, Zhibo Zhang, Qing Chang, and Yuan Shen. "Joint Transmit and Receive Beamforming Design for Integrated Sensing and Communication." IEEE Communications Letters 26, no. 3 (March 2022): 662–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2021.3140093.

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Chen, K. Y., C. Y. Leung, and I. F. Chang. "Integrated communication and sensing system using one single-mode optical fibre." Electronics Letters 24, no. 13 (1988): 790. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19880537.

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Pan, Jian Li, Shan Zhi Chen, Raj Jain, and Subharthi Paul. "Energy Sensing and Monitoring Framework with an Integrated Communication Backbone in the Energy Efficient Intelligent Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 303-306 (February 2013): 1460–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.303-306.1460.

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Building environments are significant sources of global energy consumption. To create energy efficient buildings, the first step is to sense and monitor all the energy-consuming appliances in the buildings and record all the energy consumption information. After that, appropriate energy saving policies can be decided and the instructions can be sent to the control devices to apply the energy saving adjustments. To do that, in-building two-way communication networks are needed to connect all the sensors to collect information as well as to send control instructions. However, most of the current devices are provided by separate manufacturers and with separate network infrastructures and so there is not much integration and interaction among different subsystems. In this paper, we envision a new energy sensing and monitoring framework with integrated communication backbone in the intelligent building environments. Specifically, through comprehensive comparisons and investigations, we study different candidate communicating media and protocols like wireline, wireless, and power-line communications technologies that potentially can be used in the intelligent buildings to realize the goals of coordination, integration, and energy efficiency. Also, we propose an extension "smart box" for integration of the devices before the maturity of the standardization process. Cloud computing and smart phone technologies are also introduced to realize the goals of improving energy efficiency and promote global sustainability.

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Srikar, D., Anveshkumar Nella, Ranjith Mamidi, Ashok Babu, Sudipta Das, Sunil Lavadiya, Abeer D. Algarni, and Walid El-Shafai. "A Novel Integrated UWB Sensing and 8-Element MIMO Communication Cognitive Radio Antenna System." Electronics 12, no. 2 (January 8, 2023): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12020330.

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In this article, a cognitive radio (CR) integrated antenna system, which has 1 sensing and 24 communication antennas, is proposed for better spectrum utilization efficiency. In the 24 communication antennas, 3 different operating band antennas are realized with an 8-element MIMO configuration. The sensing antenna linked to port 1 is able to sense the spectrum that ranges from 2 to 12 GHz, whereas the communication 8-element MIMO antennas linked with ports 2 to 9, ports 10 to 17 and ports 18 to 25 perform operations in the 2.17–4.74 GHz, 4.57–8.62 GHz and 8.62–12 GHz bands, respectively. Mutual coupling is found to be less than −12 dB between the antenna elements. Peak gain and radiation efficiency of the sensing antenna are better than 2.25 dBi and 82%, respectively, whereas the peak gains and radiation efficiencies of all communication antennas are more than 2.5 dBi and 90%, respectively. Moreover, diversity characteristics of the MIMO antenna are assessed by parameters such as DG, ECC and CCL. It is found that ECC and CCL are less than 0.42 and 0.46 bits/s/Hz, respectively, and also DG is more than 9.1 dB.

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Wang, Min, Peng Chen, Zhenxin Cao, and Yun Chen. "Reinforcement Learning-Based UAVs Resource Allocation for Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) System." Electronics 11, no. 3 (February 1, 2022): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11030441.

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Due to the limited ability of a single unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), group unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have attracted more attention in communication and radar fields. The use of an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system can make communication and radar modules share a radar module’s resources, coupled with efficient resource allocation methods. It can effectively solve the problem of inadequate UAV resources and the low utilization rate of resources. In this paper, the resource allocation problem is addressed for group UAVs to achieve a trade-off between the detection and communication performance, where the ISAC system is equipped in group UAVs. The resource allocation problem is described by an optimization problem, but with group UAVs, the problem is complex and cannot be solved efficiently. Compared with the traditional resource allocation scheme, which needs a lot of calculation or sample set problems, a novel reinforcement-learning-based method is proposed. We formulate a new reward function by combining mutual information (MI) and the communication rate (CR). The MI describes the radar detection performance, and the CR is for wireless communication. Simulation results show that compared with the traditional Kuhn Munkres (KM) or the deep neural network (DNN) methods, this method has better performance with the increase in problem complexity. Additionally, the execution time of this scheme is close to that of the DNN scheme, and it is better than the KM algorithm.

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Beheim, Glenn. "Modern trends in microstructures and integrated optics for communication, sensing, and actuation." Optical Engineering 36, no. 5 (May 1, 1997): 1307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.601331.

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Liu, Tian, Yinghong Guo, Lingfeng Lu, and Bin Xia. "Waveform Design for Integrated Sensing and Communication Systems Based on Interference Exploitation." Journal of Communications and Information Networks 7, no. 4 (December 2022): 447–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/jcin.2022.10005221.

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Wu, Kai, J. Andrew Zhang, Xiaojing Huang, and Y. Jay Guo. "Removing False Targets for Cyclic Prefixed OFDM Sensing with Extended Ranging." Sensors 22, no. 22 (November 21, 2022): 9015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22229015.

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Employing a cyclic prefixed OFDM (CP-OFDM) communication waveform for sensing has attracted extensive attention in vehicular integrated sensing and communications (ISAC). A unified sensing framework was developed recently, enabling CP-OFDM sensing to surpass the conventional limits imposed by underlying communications. However, a false target issue still remains unsolved. In this paper, we investigate and solve this issue. Specifically, we unveil that false targets are caused by periodic cyclic prefixes (CPs) in CP-OFDM waveforms. We also derive the relation between the locations of false and true targets, and other features, e.g., strength, of false targets. Moreover, we develop an effective solution to remove false targets. Simulations are provided to confirm the validity of our analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed solution. In particular, our design can reduce the false alarm rate caused by false targets by over 50% compared with the prior art.

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Wang, Zhoukai, Huaijun Wang, Liu He, Yang Lv, Zhaoying Wei, and Xuan Li. "A Storage Optimization Model for Cloud Servers in Integrated Communication, Sensing, and Computation System." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (October 3, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3222979.

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The massive amount of sensing and communication data that needs to be processed during the production process of complex heavy equipment generates heavy storage pressure on the cloud server-side, thus limiting the convergence of sensing, communication, and computing in intelligent factories. To solve the problem, based on machine learning techniques, a storage optimization model is proposed in this paper for reducing the storage pressure on the cloud server and enhancing the coupling between communication and sensing data. At first, based on the operation rules of the distributed file system on the cloud server, the proposed model screens and organizes the system logs. With the filtered logs, the model sets feature labels, constructs feature vectors, and builds sample sets. Then, based on the ID3 decision tree, a file elimination model is trained to analyze the files stored in the cloud server and predict their reusability. In practice, the proposed model is applied in the Hadoop Distributed File System and helps the system delete underutilized and low-value files and save storage space. Experiments show that the proposed model can effectively reduce the storage load on the cloud server and improve the integration efficiency of multisource heterogeneous data during complex heavy equipment production.

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Leyva, Leonardo, Samuel Costa, Daniel Castanheira, Adão Silva, and Atílio Gameiro. "On SFBC Schemes for Enabling Virtual Array Concept in Monostatic ISAC Scenarios." Sensors 22, no. 3 (February 1, 2022): 1103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22031103.

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The integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) paradigm is being proposed for 6G as a new feature of the physical layer (PHY), for tackling dual-functional applications, i.e., demanding radio-sensing and communication functions, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and autonomous driving systems. This work considers the integration of sensing and communications functionalities in a unique platform. To achieve this goal, the use of orthogonal space frequency block codes (SFBC) is proposed. SFBC code orthogonality enables both the separation of communications data streams at a user terminal and the estimation of target parameters. The SFBC enhances the communications link diversity without requiring channel state information knowledge at the transmitter and enable the virtual antenna array concept for enhancing the direction-finding resolution. The use of different SFBCs provides a tradeoff between achieved diversity and sensing resolution. For example, an Alamouti code, applicable for the case with two transmitting antennas, duplicates sensing resolution and achieves a diversity order of two while the use of a Tarokh code, applicable for a scenario with four transmitting antennas, provides a fourfold better resolution and diversity order of four. However, the code rate achieved with the Tarokh code is half of the one achieved with the Alamouti code. Furthermore, the unambiguous range is reduced since the bandwidth is divided to multiplex the different antenna signals. For its simplicity, good performance and reduced integration requirements, the method is promising for future ISAC systems.

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Dierck, Arnaut, Sam Agneessens, Frederick Declercq, Bart Spinnewyn, Gert-Jan Stockman, Patrick Van Torre, Luigi Vallozzi, et al. "Active textile antennas in professional garments for sensing, localisation and communication." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 6, no. 3-4 (March 12, 2014): 331–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175907871400018x.

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New wireless wearable monitoring systems integrated in professional garments require a high degree of reliability and autonomy. Active textile antenna systems may serve as platforms for body-centric sensing, localisation, and wireless communication systems, in the meanwhile being comfortable and invisible to the wearer. We present a new dedicated comprehensive design paradigm and combine this with adapted signal-processing techniques that greatly enhance the robustness and the autonomy of these systems. On the one hand, the large amount of real estate available in professional rescue worker garments may be exploited to deploy multiple textile antennas. On the other hand, the size of each radiator may be designed large enough to ensure high radiation efficiency when deployed on the body. This antenna area is then reused by placing active electronics directly underneath and energy harvesters directly on top of the antenna patch. We illustrate this design paradigm by means of recent textile antenna prototypes integrated in professional garments, providing sensing, positioning, and communication capabilities. In particular, a novel wearable active Galileo E1-band antenna is presented and fully characterized, including noise figure, and linearity performance.

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Pires, Felipe Marques, Leonardo de Souza Mendes, and Lorena León Quiñonez. "Integrated system architecture for decision-making and urban planning in smart cities." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 15, no. 8 (August 2019): 155014771986782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147719867829.

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Research and development of applications for smart cities are extremely relevant considering the various problems that population growth will bring to large urban centers in the next few years. Although research on cyber-physical systems, cloud computing, embedded devices, sensor and actuator networks, and participatory sensing, among other paradigms, is driving the growth of solutions, there are a lot of challenges that need to be addressed. Based on these observations, in this work, we present an integrated system architecture for decision-making support and urban planning by introducing its building blocks (termed components): sensing/actuation, local processing, communication, cloud platform, and application components. In the sensing/actuation component, we present the major relevant resources for data collection, identification devices, and actuators that can be used in smart city solutions. Sensing/actuation component is followed by the local processing component, which is responsible for processing, decision-making support, and control in local scale. The communication component, as the connection element among all these components, is presented with an emphasis on the open-access metropolitan area network and cellular networks. The cloud platform is the essential component for urban planning and integration with electronic governance legacy systems, and finally, the application component, in which the government administrator and users have access to public management tools, citizen services, and other urban planning resources.

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Granjal, Jorge, and Artur Pedroso. "An Intrusion Detection and Prevention Framework for Internet-Integrated CoAP WSN." Security and Communication Networks 2018 (April 22, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1753897.

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End-to-end communications between Internet devices and Internet-integrated constrained wireless sensing platforms will provide an important contribution to the enabling of many of the envisioned IoT applications and, in this context, security must be addressed when employing communication technologies such as 6LoWPAN and CoAP. Considering the constraints typically found on sensing devices in terms of energy, memory, and computational capability, the integration of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) with the Internet using such technologies will open new threats and attacks that must be dealt with, particularly those originated at devices without the constraints of WSN sensors (e.g., Internet hosts). Existing encryption strategies for communications in IoT environments are unable to protect Internet-integrated WSN environments from Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, as well as from other forms of attacks at the network and application layers using CoAP. We may thus fairly consider that anomaly and intrusion detection will play a major role in the materialization of most of the envisioned IoT applications. In this article, we propose a framework to support intrusion detection and reaction in Internet-integrated CoAP WSN, and in the context of this framework we design and implement various approaches to support security against various classes of attacks. We have implemented and evaluated experimentally the proposed framework and mechanisms, considering various attack scenarios, and our approach was found to be viable, from the point of view of its impact on critical resources of sensing devices and of its efficiency in dealing with the considered attacks.

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Xiang, Ju, Aobo Zhao, Gui Yun Tian, Wailok Woo, Lingxiu Liu, and Hang Li. "Prospective RFID Sensors for the IoT Healthcare System." Journal of Sensors 2022 (July 27, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8787275.

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The outbreak of COVID-19 has attracted people’s attention to our healthcare system, stimulating the advancement of next-generation health monitoring technologies. IoT attracts extensive attention in this advancement for its advantage in ubiquitous communication and sensing. RFID plays a key role in IoT to tackle the challenges in passive communication and identification and is now emerging as a sensing technology which has the ability to reduce the cost and complexity of data collection. It is advantageous to introduce RFID sensor technologies in health-related sensing and monitoring, as there are many sensors used in health monitoring systems with the potential to be integrated with RFID for smart sensing and monitoring. But due to the unique characteristics of the human body, there are challenges in developing effective RFID sensors for human health monitoring in terms of communication and sensing. For example, in a typical IoT health monitoring application, the main challenges are as follows: (1) energy issues, the efficiency of RF front-end energy harvesting and power conversion is measured; (2) communication issues, the basic technology of RFID sensors shows great heterogeneity in terms of antennas, integrated circuit functions, sensing elements, and data protocols; and (3) performance stability and sensitivity issues, the RFID sensors are mainly attached to the object to be measured to carry out identification and parameter sensing. However, in practical applications, these can also be affected by certain environmental factors. This paper presents the recent advancement in RFID sensor technologies and the challenges for the IoT healthcare system. The current sensors used in health monitoring are also reviewed with regard to integrating possibility with RFID and IoT. The future research direction is pointed out for the emergence of the next-generation healthcare and monitoring system.

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Sezaki, Kaoru, Shin'ichi Konomi, and Masaki Ito. "User Participatory Sensing for Disaster Detection and Mitigation." Journal of Disaster Research 11, no. 2 (March 1, 2016): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2016.p0207.

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Rapid growth in communication bandwidth has enabled novel uses of mobile wireless technologies in areas such as smartphone-based user participatory sensing for disaster detection and mitigation. In this manuscript, we discuss novel approaches to resolve fundamental problems that currently hamper the effective utilization of user participatory sensing in this critical application domain. Our approaches to address major challenges related to energy efficiency, collaboration, privacy, ease of deployment, and robustness of communication can be integrated with external systems in a complementary manner to overcome the limitations of current disaster detection and mitigation systems that rely on expensive stationary devices.

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Liu, Chang, Xuemeng Liu, Shuangyang Li, Weijie Yuan, and Derrick Wing Kwan Ng. "Deep CLSTM for Predictive Beamforming in Integrated Sensing and Communication-Enabled Vehicular Networks." Journal of Communications and Information Networks 7, no. 3 (September 2022): 269–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/jcin.2022.9906941.

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Yuan, Weijie, Zhiqiang Wei, Shuangyang Li, Jinhong Yuan, and Derrick Wing Kwan Ng. "Integrated Sensing and Communication-Assisted Orthogonal Time Frequency Space Transmission for Vehicular Networks." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing 15, no. 6 (November 2021): 1515–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2021.3117404.

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Yuan, Weijie, Zhiqiang Wei, Shuangyang Li, Jinhong Yuan, and Derrick Wing Kwan Ng. "Integrated Sensing and Communication-Assisted Orthogonal Time Frequency Space Transmission for Vehicular Networks." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing 15, no. 6 (November 2021): 1515–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2021.3117404.

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Benedikovic, Daniel, Leopold Virot, Guy Aubin, Jean-Michel Hartmann, Farah Amar, Xavier Le Roux, Carlos Alonso-Ramos, et al. "Heterostructured silicon-germanium-silicon p-i-n avalanche photodetectors for chip-integrated optoelectronics -INVITED." EPJ Web of Conferences 255 (2021): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202125501002.

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Optical photodetectors are at the forefront of photonic research since the rise of integrated optics. Photodetectors are fundamental building blocks for chip-scale optoelectronics, enabling conversion of light into an electrical signal. Such devices play a key role in many surging applications from communication and computation to sensing, biomedicine and health monitoring, to name a few. However, chip integration of optical photodetectors with improved performances is an on-going challenge for mainstream optical communications at near-infrared wavelengths. Here, we present recent advances in heterostructured silicon-germanium-silicon p-i-n photodetectors, enabling high-speed detection on a foundry-compatible monolithic platform.

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Matzeu, G., C. O'Quigley, E. McNamara, C. Zuliani, C. Fay, T. Glennon, and D. Diamond. "An integrated sensing and wireless communications platform for sensing sodium in sweat." Analytical Methods 8, no. 1 (2016): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ay02254a.

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Tamrin, M. S., and M. R. Ahmad. "Simulation of adaptive power management circuit for hybrid energy harvester and real-time sensing application." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i2.pp658-666.

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Many wireless sensor network (WSN) applications, nowadays, require real-time communication, which demands cautious design consideration to resolve inherent conflicts between energy efficiency and the need to meet Quality of Services (QoS), such as end-to-end delay communications. Numerous innovative solutions are proposed such as Real-time Power-Aware Routing (RPAR) protocol, which dynamically adapts transmission power to meet specified communication delays at low energy cost. Hence, to enable real-time communication with RPAR protocol, an adaptive Power Management Circuit (PMC) using hybrid energy harvester to support WSN real-time communication is proposed. In this paper, a high-level architecture of the proposed PMC is discussed, which consists of Thermal Energy Generator (TEG), and Piezoelectric Energy Harvester (PEG) as energy providers, with low-power Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) feature enabled. Preliminary simulations which analyze and characterize TEG and PEG system are conducted separately to determine the optimal design parameters to support the conventional WSN QoS requirement. Next, both systems will be integrated into a single PMC implementation prior to fabrication and lab characterization.

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Hu, Jing, Guangxia Li, Dongming Bian, Jingyu Tang, and Shengchao Shi. "Sensing-Based Dynamic Spectrum Sharing in Integrated Wireless Sensor and Cognitive Satellite Terrestrial Networks." Sensors 19, no. 23 (December 1, 2019): 5290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19235290.

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This paper presents a cognitive satellite communication based wireless sensor network, which combines the wireless sensor network and the cognitive satellite terrestrial network. To address the conflict between the continuously increasing demand and the spectrum scarcity in the space network, the cognitive satellite terrestrial network becomes a promising candidate for future hybrid wireless networks. With the higher transmit capacity demand in satellite networks, explicit concerns on efficient resource allocation in the cognitive network have gained more attention. In this background, we propose a sensing-based dynamic spectrum sharing scheme for the cognitive satellite user, which is able to maximize the ergodic capacity of the satellite user with the interference of the primary terrestrial user below an acceptable average level. Firstly, the cognitive satellite user monitors the channel allocated to the terrestrial user through the wireless sensor network; then, it adjusts the transmit power based on the sensing results. If a terrestrial user is busy, the satellite user can access the channel with constrained power to avoid deteriorating the communication quality of the terrestrial user. Otherwise, if the terrestrial user is idle, the satellite user allocates the transmit power based on its benefit to enhance the capacity. Since the sensing-based dynamic spectrum sharing optimization problem can be modified into a nonlinear fraction programming problem in perfect/imperfect sensing conditions, respectively, we solve them by the Lagrange duality method. Computer simulations have shown that, compared with the opportunistic spectrum access, the proposed method can increase the channel capacity more than 20% for Pav = 10 dB in a perfect sensing scenario. In an imperfectsensing scenario, Pav = 15 dB and Qav = 5 dB, the optimal sensing time achieving the highest ergodiccapacity is about 2.34 ms when the frame duration is 10 ms.

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Nachouane, Hamza, Abdellah Najid, Abdelwahed Tribak, and Fatima Riouch. "Dual Port Antenna Combining Sensing and Communication Tasks for Cognitive Radio." International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications 62, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eletel-2016-0016.

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Abstract Dynamic spectrum access has been proposed as the effective solution to overcome the spectrum scarcity issue, supported by cognitive radio technology. Sensing and communication functions are both the most important tasks in cognitive radio systems. In this paper, an antenna system combining sensing and communication tasks is proposed to be integrated into cognitive radio front-ends. The sensing task is performed by means of an ultra-wideband quasi-omnidirectional antenna. Whilst the communication task is ensured by using a narrowband antenna. Both antennas have been designed on the same layer of an FR4 substrate, for manufacturing cost constraint. Therefore, the isolation between them must take into consideration. The measured mutual coupling of less than -18 dB is achieved over the whole impedance bandwidth. The proposed sensing antenna covers a wide range frequency bands ranging from 2 to 5.5 GHz. While the communication antenna operates at 2.8 GHz, and by adding inductors to the antenna, the resonant frequency can be tuned from 2.6 to 2.7 GHz. The whole antenna system was designed, fabricated, and tested. Measurement and simulation results prove the feasibility of the proposed structure for cognitive radio applications.

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Jiang, Yutong, Kewen Pan, Ting Leng, and Zhirun Hu. "Smart Textile Integrated Wireless Powered Near Field Communication Body Temperature and Sweat Sensing System." IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology 4, no. 3 (September 2020): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jerm.2019.2929676.

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WOOLARD, DWIGHT L., YING LUO, BORIS L. GELMONT, TATIANA GLOBUS, and JAMES O. JENSEN. "BIO-MOLECULAR INSPIRED ELECTRONIC ARCHITECTURES FOR ENHANCED SENSING OF THz-FREQUENCY BIO-SIGNATURES." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 16, no. 02 (June 2006): 609–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156406003898.

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A new bio-molecular electronic architectural concept is presented that has potential for defining nanoscale sensor platforms with enhanced capabilities for sensing terahertz (THz) frequency bio-signatures. This architecture makes strategic use of integrated biological elements to enable communication and high-level function within densely-packed nanoelectronic systems. Specifically, a completely new paradigm for establishing hybrid Electro-THz-Optical (ETO) communication channels is introduced. Here, the THz-frequency spectral characteristics that are uniquely associated with the embedded bio-molecules are utilized directly in the architecture design and this immediately allows for defining new methods for enhanced sensing of THz bio-signatures. This integrated sensor concept greatly facilitates the collection of THz bio-signatures associated with embedded bio-molecules via interactions with the time-dependent signals propagating through the nanoelectronic circuit. In addition, it leads to a new Multi-State Spectral Sensing (MS3) approach where bio-signature information can be collected from multiple metastable state conformations. This paper presents new simulation results for a class of bio-molecular components that exhibit the prescribed type of ETO characteristics. Most noteworthy, this research derives THz spectral bio-signatures for organic molecules that are amenable to photo-induced metastable-state conformations and establishes an initial scientific foundation and design blueprint for an enhanced THz bio-signature sensing capability.

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Mahajan, Sachit, Jennifer Gabrys, and Joanne Armitage. "AirKit: A Citizen-Sensing Toolkit for Monitoring Air Quality." Sensors 21, no. 12 (June 11, 2021): 4044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21124044.

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Increasing urbanisation and a better understanding of the negative health effects of air pollution have accelerated the use of Internet of Things (IoT)-based air quality sensors. Low-cost and low-power sensors are now readily available and commonly deployed by individuals and community groups. However, there are a wide range of such IoT devices in circulation that differently focus on problems of sensor validation, data reliability, or accessibility. In this paper, we present AirKit, which was developed as an integrated and open source “social IoT technology”. AirKit enables a comprehensive approach to citizen-sensing air quality through several integrated components: (1) the Dustbox 2.0, a particulate matter sensor; (2) Airsift, a data analysis platform; (3) a reliable and automatic remote firmware update system; (4) a “Data Stories” method and tool for communicating citizen data; and (5) an AirKit logbook that provides a guide for designing and running air quality projects, along with instructions for building and using AirKit components. Developed as a social technology toolkit to foster open processes of research co-creation and environmental action, Airkit has the potential to generate expanded engagements with IoT and air quality by improving the accuracy, legibility and use of sensors, data analysis and data communication.

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Ozioko, Oliver, William Navaraj, Marion Hersh, and Ravinder Dahiya. "Tacsac: A Wearable Haptic Device with Capacitive Touch-Sensing Capability for Tactile Display." Sensors 20, no. 17 (August 24, 2020): 4780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20174780.

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This paper presents a dual-function wearable device (Tacsac) with capacitive tactile sensing and integrated tactile feedback capability to enable communication among deafblind people. Tacsac has a skin contactor which enhances localized vibrotactile stimulation of the skin as a means of feedback to the user. It comprises two main modules—the touch-sensing module and the vibrotactile module; both stacked and integrated as a single device. The vibrotactile module is an electromagnetic actuator that employs a flexible coil and a permanent magnet assembled in soft poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), while the touch-sensing module is a planar capacitive metal-insulator-metal (MIM) structure. The flexible coil was fabricated on a 50 µm polyimide (PI) sheet using Lithographie Galvanoformung Abformung (LIGA) micromoulding technique. The Tacsac device has been tested for independent sensing and actuation as well as dual sensing-actuation mode. The measured vibration profiles of the actuator showed a synchronous response to external stimulus for a wide range of frequencies (10 Hz to 200 Hz) within the perceivable tactile frequency thresholds of the human hand. The resonance vibration frequency of the actuator is in the range of 60–70 Hz with an observed maximum off-plane displacement of 0.377 mm at coil current of 180 mA. The capacitive touch-sensitive layer was able to respond to touch with minimal noise both when actuator vibration is ON and OFF. A mobile application was also developed to demonstrate the application of Tacsac for communication between deafblind person wearing the device and a mobile phone user who is not deafblind. This advances existing tactile displays by providing efficient two-way communication through the use of a single device for both localized haptic feedback and touch-sensing.

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Kumpusch, H., D. Hayn, M. Leitner, D. Scherr, F. M. Fruhwald, G. Schreier, and J. Morak. "Near Field Communication-based telemonitoring with integrated ECG recordings." Applied Clinical Informatics 02, no. 04 (2011): 481–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2010-12-ra-0078.

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SummaryObjective: Telemonitoring of vital signs is an established option in treatment of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). In order to allow for early detection of atrial fibrillation (AF) which is highly prevalent in the CHF population telemonitoring programs should include electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. It was therefore the aim to extend our current home monitoring system based on mobile phones and Near Field Communication technology (NFC) to enable patients acquiring their ECG signals autonomously in an easy-to-use way.Methods: We prototypically developed a sensing device for the concurrent acquisition of blood pressure and ECG signals. The design of the device equipped with NFC technology and Bluetooth allowed for intuitive interaction with a mobile phone based patient terminal. This ECG monitoring system was evaluated in the course of a clinical pilot trial to assess the system’s technical feasibility, usability and patient’s adherence to twice daily usage.Results: 21 patients (4f, 54 ± 14 years) suffering from CHF were included in the study and were asked to transmit two ECG recordings per day via the telemonitoring system autonomously over a monitoring period of seven days. One patient dropped out from the study. 211 data sets were transmitted over a cumulative monitoring period of 140 days (overall adherence rate 82.2%). 55% and 8% of the transmitted ECG signals were sufficient for ventricular and atrial rhythm assessment, respectively.Conclusion: Although ECG signal quality has to be improved for better AF detection the developed communication design of joining Bluetooth and NFC technology in our telemonitoring system allows for ambulatory ECG acquisition with high adherence rates and system usability in heart failure patients.

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Zhang, Haobo, Hongliang Zhang, Boya Di, Marco Di Renzo, Zhu Han, H. Vincent Poor, and Lingyang Song. "Holographic Integrated Sensing and Communication." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2022, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2022.3155548.

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He, Haijun, Lin Jiang, Yan Pan, Anlin Yi, Xihua Zou, Wei Pan, Alan E. Willner, Xinyu Fan, Zuyuan He, and Lianshan Yan. "Integrated sensing and communication in an optical fibre." Light: Science & Applications 12, no. 1 (January 17, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-022-01067-1.

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AbstractThe integration of high-speed optical communication and distributed sensing could bring intelligent functionalities to ubiquitous optical fibre networks, such as urban structure imaging, ocean seismic detection, and safety monitoring of underground embedded pipelines. This work demonstrates a scheme of integrated sensing and communication in an optical fibre (ISAC-OF) using the same wavelength channel for simultaneous data transmission and distributed vibration sensing. The scheme not only extends the intelligent functionality for optical fibre communication system, but also improves its transmission performance. A periodic linear frequency modulation (LFM) light is generated to act as the optical carrier and sensing probe in PAM4 signal transmission and phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR), respectively. After a 24.5 km fibre transmission, the forward PAM4 signal and the carrier-correspondence Rayleigh backscattering signal are detected and demodulated. Experimental results show that the integrated solution achieves better transmission performance (~1.3 dB improvement) and a larger launching power (7 dB enhancement) at a 56 Gbit/s bit rate compared to a conventional PAM4 signal transmission. Meanwhile, a 4 m spatial resolution, 4.32-nε/$$\sqrt {Hz}$$ H z strain resolution, and over 21 kHz frequency response for the vibration sensing are obtained. The proposed solution offers a new path to further explore the potential of existing or future fibre-optic networks by the convergence of data transmission and status sensing. In addition, such a scheme of using shared spectrum in communication and distributed optical fibre sensing may be used to measure non-linear parameters in coherent optical communications, offering possible benefits for data transmission.

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Swamy, Anjali. "Advance cellular networks (4G, 5G, 6G)." International journal of health sciences, May 26, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6ns2.7943.

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Over the last several decades, the need inasmuch as wireless communication has skyrocketed. The next generation appropriate to communication, known as 5G, will soon be in widespread use throughout the globe. It is predicted that the sixth-generation (6G) wireless communications system would be deployed between 2027 also 2030 with complete support inasmuch as artificial intelligence. More capacity greater data rate also lower latency; better security also enhanced quality appropriate to service. (QoS) are some essential challenges that need towards be solved beyond 5G, compared towards the 5G system. in this study, the future network architecture appropriate to 6G wireless communication is described. Al, terahertz communication also wireless optical technology is some appropriate to the emerging technologies discussed in this article. Other topics coved include block chain, three dimensional networking also quantum communications, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell free communication, integrated wireless information also energy transfer, integrated sensing also communications, integrated wireless information also energy transfer, integrated sensing also communication, dynamic network slicing, also backscatter coherence. In addition, 6G communication requirements also potential technologies inasmuch as envisaged applications are discussed. On the way towards accomplishing this aim, we’ll discuss possible roadblock also new paths inasmuch as study.

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Huang, Yi, Yuan Fang, Xinmin Li, and Jie Xu. "Coordinated Power Control for Network Integrated Sensing and Communication." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2022, 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3194139.

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Alam, Tanjir, and Michael Cheffena. "Integrated Microwave Antenna/Sensor for Sensing and Communication Applications." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2022, 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2022.3199242.

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He, Zhenyao, Wei Xu, Hong Shen, Yongming Huang, and Huahua Xiao. "Energy Efficient Beamforming Optimization for Integrated Sensing and Communication." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 2022, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3169517.

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Wei, Zhiqing, Hanyang Qu, Wangjun Jiang, Kaifeng Han, Huici Wu, and Zhiyong Feng. "Iterative Signal Processing for Integrated Sensing and Communication Systems." IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking, 2023, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2023.3234825.

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Alamzadeh, Idban, George C. Alexandropoulos, Nir Shlezinger, and Mohammadreza F. Imani. "A reconfigurable intelligent surface with integrated sensing capability." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (October 20, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99722-x.

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AbstractReconfigurable reflective surfaces can alter the propagation environment to improve wireless communication and power transfer. Paramount to this operation—which has attracted much attention recently—is the assumption that the reflective surface has prior knowledge of the propagation environment, for example, the direction/location of the transmitter and the intended receiver(s). To address this need, we propose a reconfigurable reflective metasurface with integrated sensing capabilities. By modifying the tunable meta-atoms constituting the metasurface, we couple small portions of the incident wave to an array of sensing waveguides. As an illustrative example, we demonstrate the ability to use the sampled incident wave to detect its angle of arrival. In addition, we propose and numerically demonstrate the possibility to reduce the required sensors, i.e., the number of radio frequency (RF) chains needed to acquire the sensed signals, by leveraging the inherent metasurface’s tunable multiplexing capability. A reconfigurable reflective metasurface with integrated sensing capabilities can benefit wireless communications, wireless power transfer, RF sensing, and smart sensors.

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Chen, Jiechen, Nicolas Skatchkovsky, and Osvaldo Simeone. "Neuromorphic Integrated Sensing and Communications." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 2022, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2022.3231388.

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Li, Oupeng, Jia He, Kun Zeng, Ziming Yu, Xianfeng Du, Zhi Zhou, Yuan Liang, et al. "Integrated sensing and communication in 6G: a prototype of high resolution multichannel THz sensing on portable device." EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking 2022, no. 1 (October 22, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13638-022-02172-w.

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Abstract6G is believed to go beyond communication and provide integrated sensing and computing capabilities for a vision of Connected Intelligence with everything connected, everything sensed, and everything intelligent. Integrated sensing and communication will play a vital role for the fusion of physical and cyber worlds. The exploration of higher frequency bands, larger bandwidth, and more advanced large antenna technologies is paving the way towards the goal. In particular, the study of THz opens the possibility to have high resolution sensing and imaging capability on a communication mobile device. In this paper, we take a step along this direction and justify such possibility by building a THz sensing prototype with millimeter level imaging resolution while considering the physical aperture constraint of typical mobile device.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Integrated sensing and communication'

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