Journal articles: 'Integrated Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)'

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Pachidis, Vassilios, Pericles Pilidis, Fabien Talhouarn, Anestis Kalfas, and Ioannis Templalexis. "A Fully Integrated Approach to Component Zooming Using Computational Fluid Dynamics." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 128, no. 3 (March 1, 2004): 579–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2135815.

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Background . This study focuses on a simulation strategy that will allow the performance characteristics of an isolated gas turbine engine component, resolved from a detailed, high-fidelity analysis, to be transferred to an engine system analysis carried out at a lower level of resolution. This work will enable component-level, complex physical processes to be captured and analyzed in the context of the whole engine performance, at an affordable computing resource and time. Approach. The technique described in this paper utilizes an object-oriented, zero-dimensional (0D) gas turbine modeling and performance simulation system and a high-fidelity, three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) component model. The work investigates relative changes in the simulated engine performance after coupling the 3D CFD component to the 0D engine analysis system. For the purposes of this preliminary investigation, the high-fidelity component communicates with the lower fidelity cycle via an iterative, semi-manual process for the determination of the correct operating point. This technique has the potential to become fully automated, can be applied to all engine components, and does not involve the generation of a component characteristic map. Results. This paper demonstrates the potentials of the “fully integrated” approach to component zooming by using a 3D CFD intake model of a high bypass ratio turbofan as a case study. The CFD model is based on the geometry of the intake of the CFM56-5B2 engine. The high-fidelity model can fully define the characteristic of the intake at several operating condition and is subsequently used in the 0D cycle analysis to provide a more accurate, physics-based estimate of intake performance (i.e., pressure recovery) and hence, engine performance, replacing the default, empirical values. A detailed comparison between the baseline engine performance (empirical pressure recovery) and the engine performance obtained after using the coupled, high-fidelity component is presented in this paper. The analysis carried out by this study demonstrates relative changes in the simulated engine performance larger than 1%. Conclusions. This investigation proves the value of the simulation strategy followed in this paper and completely justifies (i) the extra computational effort required for a more automatic link between the high-fidelity component and the 0D cycle, and (ii) the extra time and effort that is usually required to create and run a 3D CFD engine component, especially in those cases where more accurate, high-fidelity engine performance simulation is required.

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Shilton, A. "Potential application of computational fluid dynamics to pond design." Water Science and Technology 42, no. 10-11 (November 1, 2000): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0673.

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The ability to reliably predict the fluid flow through a pond and relate these hydraulic characteristics to pond treatment performance would clearly be a very valuable tool to the design engineer. The application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) mathematical modelling has the potential to do this. In recent years there has been rapid advancement of computing power and mathematical modelling software. CFD simulation gives the pond designer the potential to explore the hydraulic performance for a wide range of design configurations and scenarios. This paper reports on the application of the PHOENICS CFD package for this purpose. To demonstrate the potential application of CFD to pond design, this paper presents a series of simulations of a small community pond. The simulations undertaken were three-dimensional and incorporated the k-e turbulence model. The first of these modelled the existing pond arrangement, after which the effects of adding a baffle is shown as an example of how CFD can be applied for design. In addition to the fluid velocity field, plots of a simulated tracer slick were produced. This simulated tracer movement is used to produce hydraulic retention time distribution curves of the tracer concentration at the outlet. These are then integrated with a simple, first-order decay model for BOD removal and faecal coliform die-off to calculate treatment efficiency. This allowed direct comparison of the expected treatment efficiencies with and without the baffle modification.

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Tannous, A. "Optimization of a Minienvironment Design Using Computational Fluid Dynamics." Journal of the IEST 40, no. 1 (January 31, 1997): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.2.40.1.b1762603371140r7.

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This paper discusses the use of a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) code for the design and optimization processes of a minienvironment mounted on a wafer process tool. The three-dimensional code was used to predict the air velocity flied and pressure distribution in the minienvironment based on a finite volume approach. The geometric model consists of the minienvironment, the tool surface, and the integrated I/O Indexer interfaces. The airflow in the minienvironment (with a conceptual design configuration) was simulated. The results prompted a design change. The new design has a desirable airflow for a more effective minienvironment performance. Particular attention was paid to air recirculation zones that could potentially trap particles generated during the process and to maintaining a positive differential pressure to prevent cross contamination. CFD was shown to be an important step in the design process.

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Yang, Ying, and Zhi Min Li. "CFD Simulating Research of Integrated Solar Building Skin." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 2487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.2487.

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Through CFD, Computational Fluid Dynamics application to calculate the numerical simulation, this paper is to study natural wind velocity and temperature distribution of the internal and external room of BIPV with solar skin. The research provides the evidence of more effieicent ventilation mode for sloar energy-saving build skin.

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Zhu, Yuehan, Tomohiro Fukuda, and Nobuyoshi Yabuki. "Integrating Animated Computational Fluid Dynamics into Mixed Reality for Building-Renovation Design." Technologies 8, no. 1 (December 29, 2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/technologies8010004.

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In advanced society, the existing building stock has a high demand for stock renovation, which gives existing buildings new lives, rather than building new ones. During the renovation process, it is necessary to simultaneously achieve architectural, facilities, structural, and environmental design in order to accomplish a healthy, comfortable, and energy-saving indoor environment, prevent delays in problem-solving, and achieve a timely feedback process. This study tackled the development of an integrated system for stock renovation by considering computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and mixed reality (MR) in order to allow the simultaneous design of a building plan and thermal environment. The CFD analysis enables simulation of the indoor thermal environment, including the entire thermal change process. The MR system, which can be operated by voice command and operated on head-mounted display (HMD), enables intuitive visualization of the thermal change process and, in a very efficient manner, shows how different renovation projects perform for various stakeholders. A prototype system is developed with Unity3D engine and HoloLens HMD. In the integrated system, a new CFD visualization method generating 3D CFD animation sequence for the MR system is proposed that allows stakeholders to consider the entirety of changes in the thermal environment.

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BULLOUGH, W. A., D. J. ELLAM, and R. J. ATKIN. "PRE-PROTOTYPE DESIGN OF ER/MR DEVICES USING COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS: UNSTEADY FLOW." International Journal of Modern Physics B 19, no. 07n09 (April 10, 2005): 1605–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979205030657.

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A feasibility investigation into modelling ER/MR devices in transient operation using CFD is summarised. This particular study is one part of a project which has previously included examining 1D and 2D steady state flow, heat transfer, and field distributions using CFD. Though developed piecewise, these various CFD approaches can be integrated to allow a full pre-prototype assessment programme for almost any device conceived, in any mode or sequence of operation. Solutions which include translating boundary motion and inertial boundaries are introduced. In order to verify the CFD results, some new experimental works were carried out on a hydrodynamic bearing and clutch apparatus.

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Wee, Ian, Chi Wei Ong, Nicholas Syn, and Andrew Choong. "Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aortic Dissections: Panacea or Panic?" Vascular and Endovascular Review 1, no. 1 (September 20, 2018): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15420/ver.2018.8.2.

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This paper reviews the methodology, benefits and limitations associated with computational flow dynamics (CFD) in the field of vascular surgery. Combined with traditional imaging of the vasculature, CFD simulation enables accurate characterisation of real-time physiological and haemodynamic parameters such as wall shear stress. This enables vascular surgeons to understand haemodynamic changes in true and false lumens, and exit and re-entry tears. This crucial information may facilitate triaging decisions. Furthermore, CFD can be used to assess the impact of stent graft treatment, as it provides a haemodynamic account of what may cause procedure-related complications. Efforts to integrate conventional imaging, individual patient data and CFD are paramount to its success, given its potential to replace traditional registry-based, population-averaged data. Nonetheless, methodological limitations must be addressed before clinical implementation. This must be accompanied by further research with large sample sizes, to establish the association between haemodynamic patterns as observed by CFD and progression of aortic dissection.

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Cerri, G., V. Michelassi, S. Monacchia, and S. Pica. "Kinetic combustion neural modelling integrated into computational fluid dynamics." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 217, no. 2 (January 1, 2003): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09576500360611218.

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The attempt to replace traditional chemical kinetics model calculations with new ones based on neural networks (NNs) has been successfully carried out. The paper deals with the methodology that has been followed to replace traditional model calculations with neural models (NMs) for methane/air combustion. The reacting flowfield has been described with account taken of the detailed chemical reaction mechanism. Convective and turbulent diffusive transport of species has been taken into consideration by means of a well-known finite volume computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. Two versions of such a mechanism have been developed. The first one is based on traditional differential equations representing the species production rates. Such equations are integrated over the time intervals related to the cell volumes and local volumetric flows. The second version is based on neural models which can extract and store knowledge from the data presented to them. The neural model capability of connecting output to input quantities by means of the stored knowledge leads to very fast calculations. A reduced combustion mechanism involving 20 species and 68 reactions has been developed both for the traditional calculation and for the neural model calculations. It can be concluded that calculations using chemical kinetics neural models show a 42 times shorter CPU time than that of the traditional procedures, with a comparable solution accuracy of the combustion flowfields.

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Jaworski, Z., M. L. Wyszynski, I. P. T. Moore, and A. W. Nienow. "Sliding mesh computational fluid dynamics—a predictive tool in stirred tank design." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 211, no. 3 (August 1, 1997): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954408971529638.

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The use of a fully predictive numerical model of flow in a stirred, baffled tank is presented and validated for the laminar flow regime. This approach employs a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) package with sliding mesh facility. The comparison of computed and experimental values for various flow characteristics shows a very good agreement without the need to input any experimental values for the boundary or initial conditions. It is proposed that the model/experiment error ratio (involving relative errors) may be generally adopted as a criterion for the quality of CFD modelling. This ratio should not be much larger, and does not need to be smaller, than unity. The ratio obtained in this work was just over unity. The state of the art CFD packages are now believed to be able to form a suitable basis for the process engineering aspects of an integrated design of stirred tanks, including mechanical engineering and other related issues.

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Luzi, Giovanni, and Christopher McHardy. "Modeling and Simulation of Photobioreactors with Computational Fluid Dynamics—A Comprehensive Review." Energies 15, no. 11 (May 27, 2022): 3966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15113966.

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Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) have been frequently applied to model the growth conditions in photobioreactors, which are affected in a complex way by multiple, interacting physical processes. We review common photobioreactor types and discuss the processes occurring therein as well as how these processes have been considered in previous CFD models. The analysis reveals that CFD models of photobioreactors do often not consider state-of-the-art modeling approaches. As a comprehensive photobioreactor model consists of several sub-models, we review the most relevant models for the simulation of fluid flows, light propagation, heat and mass transfer and growth kinetics as well as state-of-the-art models for turbulence and interphase forces, revealing their strength and deficiencies. In addition, we review the population balance equation, breakage and coalescence models and discretization methods since the predicted bubble size distribution critically depends on them. This comprehensive overview of the available models provides a unique toolbox for generating CFD models of photobioreactors. Directions future research should take are also discussed, mainly consisting of an extensive experimental validation of the single models for specific photobioreactor geometries, as well as more complete and sophisticated integrated models by virtue of the constant increase of the computational capacity.

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Xiao, Feng, and Bin Xie. "A Robust and Practical Multi-Moment Finite Volume Model for Computational Fluid Dynamics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 444-445 (October 2013): 534–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.444-445.534.

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A robust and practical CFD code has been developed. The numerical framework, so-called VSIAM3 (Volume/Surface Integrated Average based Multi-Moment Method) makes use of two kinds of integrated moments of physical field, i.e. the volume integrated average (VIA) and the surface integrated average (SIA), which are treated as the computational variables and separately updated in time. VSIAM3 formulation is essentially different from conventional finite volume method and provides a convenient and robust framework to accommodate many existing numerical techniques for simulating various complex flows. In this paper, we will present the underlying idea of VSIAM3 and the extensions to make it applicable to various practical problems. Efforts toward high computational performance on hard wares with distributed memory and GPGPU will be also reported.

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López, D., C. Angulo, I. Fernández de Bustos, and V. García. "Framework for the Shape Optimization of Aerodynamic Profiles Using Genetic Algorithms." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/275091.

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This study developed a framework for the shape optimization of aerodynamics profiles using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and genetic algorithms. A genetic algorithm code and a commercial CFD code were integrated to develop a CFD shape optimization tool. The results obtained demonstrated the effectiveness of the developed tool. The shape optimization of airfoils was studied using different strategies to demonstrate the capacity of this tool with different GA parameter combinations.

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Babajimopoulos, A., D. N. Assanis, D. L. Flowers, S. M. Aceves, and R. P. Hessel. "A fully coupled computational fluid dynamics and multi-zone model with detailed chemical kinetics for the simulation of premixed charge compression ignition engines." International Journal of Engine Research 6, no. 5 (October 1, 2005): 497–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/146808705x30503.

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Modelling the premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) engine requires a balanced approach that captures both fluid motion as well as low- and high-temperature fuel oxidation. A fully integrated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and chemistry scheme (i.e. detailed chemical kinetics solved in every cell of the CFD grid) would be the ideal PCCI modelling approach, but is computationally very expensive. As a result, modelling assumptions are required in order to develop tools that are computationally efficient, yet maintain an acceptable degree of accuracy. Multi-zone models have been previously shown accurately to capture geometry-dependent processes in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines. In the presented work, KIVA-3V is fully coupled with a multi-zone model with detailed chemical kinetics. Computational efficiency is achieved by utilizing a low-resolution discretization to solve detailed chemical kinetics in the multi-zone model compared with a relatively high-resolution CFD solution. The multi-zone model communicates with KIVA-3V at each computational timestep, as in the ideal fully integrated case. The composition of the cells, however, is mapped back and forth between KTVA-3V and the multi-zone model, introducing significant computational time savings. The methodology uses a novel re-mapping technique that can account for both temperature and composition non-uniformities in the cylinder. Validation cases were developed by solving the detailed chemistry in every cell of a KIVA-3V grid. The new methodology shows very good agreement with the detailed solutions in terms of ignition timing, burn duration, and emissions.

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Laurent, J., R. W. Samstag, J. M. Ducoste, A. Griborio, I. Nopens, D. J. Batstone, J. D. Wicks, S. Saunders, and O. Potier. "A protocol for the use of computational fluid dynamics as a supportive tool for wastewater treatment plant modelling." Water Science and Technology 70, no. 10 (October 24, 2014): 1575–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.425.

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To date, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models have been primarily used for evaluation of hydraulic problems at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). A potentially more powerful use, however, is to simulate integrated physical, chemical and/or biological processes involved in WWTP unit processes on a spatial scale and to use the gathered knowledge to accelerate improvement in plant models for everyday use, that is, design and optimized operation. Evolving improvements in computer speed and memory and improved software for implementing CFD, as well as for integrated processes, has allowed for broader usage of this tool for understanding, troubleshooting, and optimal design of WWTP unit processes. This paper proposes a protocol for an alternative use of CFD in process modelling, as a way to gain insight into complex systems leading to improved modelling approaches used in combination with the IWA activated sludge models and other kinetic models.

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Song, Xinwei, Amy L. Throckmorton, Houston G. Wood, James F. Antaki, and Don B. Olsen. "Quantitative Evaluation of Blood Damage in a Centrifugal VAD by Computational Fluid Dynamics." Journal of Fluids Engineering 126, no. 3 (May 1, 2004): 410–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1758259.

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This study explores a quantitative evaluation of blood damage that occurs in a continuous flow left ventricular assist device (LVAD) due to fluid stress. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is used to track the shear stress history of 388 particle streaklines. The accumulation of shear and exposure time is integrated along the streaklines to evaluate the levels of blood trauma. This analysis, which includes viscous and turbulent stresses, provides a statistical estimate of possible damage to cells flowing through the pump. Since experimental data for hemolysis levels in our LVAD are not available, in vitro normalized index of hemolysis values for clinically available ventricular assist devices were compared to our damage indices. This approach allowed for an order of magnitude comparison between our estimations and experimentally measured hemolysis levels, which resulted in a reasonable correlation. This work ultimately demonstrates that CFD is a convenient and effective approach to analyze the Lagrangian behavior of blood in a heart assist device.

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Sánchez, Alejandro Gómez, Lada Domratcheva Lvova, Víctor López Garza, Ramón Román Doval, and María de Lourdes Mondragón Sánchez. "Computational Fluid Dynamics in the Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis by Chemical Vapor Deposition." MRS Proceedings 1479 (2012): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.1607.

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ABSTRACTIn this paper, an experimental study aimed at achieving better control of the deposition patterns of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is presented. CNTs were grown on a long of reactor by the catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of a benzene/ferrocene solution at 1073 K. The deposition patterns on the substrate were controlled for process times and carrier gas flow rates. In order to investigate the reaction mechanism and production rate for the growth of CNTs in catalyst CVD, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed in this study. Then the computational model was integrated with the dynamic model to optimize the process parameters formulating a correlation between turbulence, deposition rate for the growth of carbon nanotubes and parameters as process time and carrier gas flow rate. Scanning electron microscopes (SEM) are used to characterize carbon nanotubes products.

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Yoon, Sujin, Tran Minh Tam, Prathish K. Rajaraman, Ching-Long Lin, Merryn Tawhai, Eric A. Hoffman, and Sanghun Choi. "An integrated 1D breathing lung simulation with relative hysteresis of airway structure and regional pressure for healthy and asthmatic human lungs." Journal of Applied Physiology 129, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 732–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00176.2020.

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This study introduces a one-dimensional (1D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model mimicking the realistic changes in diameter and length in whole airways and reveals differences in lung deformation between healthy and asthmatic subjects. Utilizing computational models, the effects of parenchymal inertance and airway wall compliance are investigated by changing ventilation frequency and airway wall elastance, respectively.

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Suwardana, R., A. P. Nugroho, Y. D. Prasetyatama, M. A. F. Falah, L. Sutiarso, and T. Okayasu. "Analysis of airflow distribution on urban mini plant factory using computational fluid dynamics." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1116, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1116/1/012029.

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Abstract Limited land for agricultural cultivation in urban areas makes it difficult to fulfill for healthy and sustainable food. Mini Plant Factory is an alternative to produce food, especially vegetables. In the Mini Plant Factory, the distribution of air flow is one thing that must be considered because the air flow will affect the growth of the plants in it so it is necessary to do an analysis to determine the good air flow in the mini plant factory using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. The purpose of this study was to analyse the aeration of the air flow in the mini plant factory using Computational Fluid Dynamics. This research was carried out at smart agriculture UGM, in this study using a mini plant factory measuring 70 x 40 x 150 cm, which is equipped with a temperature sensor (DHT 22) of 1 units in each shelf and 1 unit on the outside for measure environmental conditions, with a total number of 4 temperature sensors,, the mini plant factory is also equipped with an automatic nutrition system that is integrated with the cloud, and is equipped with artificial lighting. CFD analysis was carried out using the Ansys 2022 software, the laptop specifications used were AMD Ryzen 7 4800 H, NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3050. Temperature data was measured during the observation period. The analysis method in CFD has several stages, namely preparation, meshing workflow, mesh, models, materials, boundary conditions, solution and post-processing. The last part is data validation, namely by making a comparison between the CFD results and the actual data, then calculating the error value using MAPE. The expected result are visualisation various distribution of aeration temperatures inside mini plant factory, optimum aeration design for mini plant factory.

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Luo, Minghan, Wenjie Xu, Xiaorong Kang, Keqiang Ding, and Taeseop Jeong. "Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Rotating Annular VUV/UV Photoreactor for Water Treatment." Processes 9, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9010079.

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The ultraviolet photochemical degradation process is widely recognized as a low-cost, environmentally friendly, and sustainable technology for water treatment. This study integrated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and a photoreactive kinetic model to investigate the effects of flow characteristics on the contaminant degradation performance of a rotating annular photoreactor with a vacuum-UV (VUV)/UV process performed in continuous flow mode. The results demonstrated that the introduced fluid remained in intensive rotational movement inside the reactor for a wide range of inflow rates, and the rotational movement was enhanced with increasing influent speed within the studied velocity range. The CFD modeling results were consistent with the experimental abatement of methylene blue (MB), although the model slightly overestimated MB degradation because it did not fully account for the consumption of OH radicals from byproducts generated in the MB decomposition processes. The OH radical generation and contaminant degradation efficiency of the VUV/UV process showed strong correlation with the mixing level in a photoreactor, which confirmed the promising potential of the developed rotating annular VUV reactor in water treatment.

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MIYAZAKI, Takahiko, Atsushi AKISAWA, and Takao KASHIWAGI. "A computational fluid dynamics analysis of solar chimneys integrated with photovoltaics." Proceedings of the Symposium on Environmental Engineering 2004.14 (2004): 380–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeenv.2004.14.380.

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Phuan, Yi Wen, Eileen Ai Lyn Lau, Harun Mohamed Ismail, Byeong Kyu Lee, and Meng Nan Chong. "Computational Fluid Dynamics Modelling of Photoelectrocatalytic Reactors for the Degradation of Formic Acid." Applied Mechanics and Materials 835 (May 2016): 386–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.835.386.

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In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was used to predict the performance of photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) reactors with surface reactions. PEC process is a promising and sustainable method that is capable for simultaneous organic degradation and hydrogen production. However, the overall PEC process efficiency is still unsatisfactory and not ready for scale-up application. Preliminary study using CFD model can help to reduce development time, money and effort in experimental work while providing comprehensive analysis and optimum PEC reactor design prior to its real physical fabrication. CFD model integrates irradiance distribution, hydrodynamics, species mass transport and chemical reaction kinetics within the reactor. The performance of PEC reactor for organic degradation depends on reactor configurations and hydrodynamic conditions. Thus, the main aim of this study was to optimize different PEC reactor designs using CFD modelling by varying the reactor configurations and hydrodynamic flow conditions for improved efficiency in degrading the sample organic pollutant of formic acid. The CFD modelling showed higher formic acid degradation efficiency for the simulated convex surface photoreactor than the flat surface photoreactor due to the former possess the ability to concentrate the absorbed light onto the photoanode surface. Besides, the CFD modelling showed that the formic acid degradation rate increased with decreasing inlet fluid flow velocity. This was due to the uniform flow distribution that enables evenly coverage of photoanode surface for subsequent degradation of formic acid in the PEC reactors. Further experimental work is required to validate the CFD simulation to allow better understanding and improvement of the overall efficiency of PEC reactors.

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Huang, He, Xi Shen Chen, Hong Lei, Zhuo Qiu Li, and Wu Gang Li. "The Modified Temperature Field of Ceramic Roller Kiln Based on DEPSO Algorithm." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 1423–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.1423.

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The relationship between ceramic roller kiln simulation model building parameters and temperature field uniformity is extremely difficult work. In this paper, DEPSO-CFD, a system integrated of an algorithm of hybrid particle swarm (PSO) with Differential Evolution (DE) operator, termed DEPSO, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD), is proposed to meet the demand. And with the help of the efficient parallel calculation, the ceramic roller kiln temperature field uniformity is mainly researched by using Fluent and DEPSO algorithm. It proves that the system is of high speed and of excellent parameter exploration capability, and the final computational example is got; thus parallel-DEPSO-CFD is of great academic value and significant applicable value.

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Miao, Aiqin, and Decheng Wan. "Hull Form Optimization Based on an NM+CFD Integrated Method for KCS." International Journal of Computational Methods 17, no. 10 (March 9, 2020): 2050008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876220500085.

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This paper concerns development and illustration of a hydrodynamic optimization tool, OPTShip-SJTU, which contains four main components, i.e., hull form modifier, performance evaluator, surrogate model building, and optimizer module. It has been further developed by integrating a new method into the performance evaluator module, which combines the Neumann–Michell (NM) theory with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology, in order to reduce the high computational cost. To illustrate the practicality of further extension, OPTShip-SJTU was applied to optimize the hull form of KCS by simultaneously reducing drags at two speeds. A drag reduction was obtained by the optimal KCS of different hull forms. It turns out the presented method for ship optimization design is effective and reliable.

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Huo, Hongyuan, Fei Chen, Xiaowei Geng, Jing Tao, Zhansheng Liu, Wenzhi Zhang, and Pei Leng. "Simulation of the Urban Space Thermal Environment Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics: A Comprehensive Review." Sensors 21, no. 20 (October 18, 2021): 6898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21206898.

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Rapid urbanization has made urban space thermal environment (USTE) problems increasingly prominent. USTE research is important for improving urban ecological environment and building energy consumption. Most studies on USTE research progress have focused on meteorological observations and remote sensing methods, and few studies on USTE are based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD). During the past two decades, with the increasing applications of CFD in USTE research, comprehensively summarizing the phased results have become necessary tasks. This paper analyzes the current research status of CFD-based USTE simulation from six perspectives. First, we summarize the current research status of USTE simulation with CFD models that integrate ground observations and remote sensing technology. Second, we define and classify the spatial scope of CFD-based USTE simulations at different scales. Third, we systematically analyze the quantitative relationships among urban land type, the underlying surface structure, water bodies, green space and the corresponding changes in CFD-based USTE simulations. Fourth, we quantitatively analyze the impact of anthropogenic heat in CFD-based USTE simulations. Fifth, we summarize the corresponding USTE mitigation measures and methods based on the CFD simulation results. Finally, the outlooks and the existing problems in current research on CFD simulations of the USTE are analyzed.

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Yoo, Sung-Jun, and Kazuhide Ito. "Numerical prediction of tissue dosimetry in respiratory tract using computer simulated person integrated with physiologically based pharmacokinetic–computational fluid dynamics hybrid analysis." Indoor and Built Environment 27, no. 7 (February 22, 2017): 877–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x17694475.

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Indoor environmental quality, e.g. air quality and thermal environments, has a potential impact on residents in indoors. Development of a computer simulated person (CSP) for indoor computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation can contribute to the improvement of design and prediction method regarding the interaction between indoor air/thermal environmental factors and human responses. In this study, a CSP integrated with a virtual airway was developed and used to estimate inhalation exposure in an indoor environment. The virtual airway is a numerical respiratory tract model for CFD simulation that reproduces detailed geometry from the nasal/oral cavity to the bronchial tubes by way of the trachea. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK)-CFD hybrid analysis is also integrated into the CSP. Through the coupled simulation of PBPK-CFD-CSP analysis, inhalation exposure under steady state conditions where formaldehyde was emitted from floor material was analysed and respiratory tissue doses and their distributions of inhaled contaminants are discussed quantitatively.

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Sozzi, A., and F. Taghipour. "The importance of hydrodynamics in UV advanced oxidation reactors." Water Science and Technology 55, no. 12 (June 1, 2007): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.378.

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The flow field of UV reactors was characterised experimentally using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and modelled with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The reactor flow was integrated with the radiation fluence rate and photolysis kinetics to calculate the overall conversion of photo-reactant components in annular UV reactors with an inlet parallel and perpendicular to the reactor axis. The results indicated that the fluid flow distribution within the reactor volume affects photo-reactor performance.

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Battista, Nicholas A. "Suite-CFD: An Array of Fluid Solvers Written in MATLAB and Python." Fluids 5, no. 1 (February 25, 2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids5010028.

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Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models are being rapidly integrated into applications across all sciences and engineering. CFD harnesses the power of computers to solve the equations of fluid dynamics, which otherwise cannot be solved analytically except for very particular cases. Numerical solutions can be interpreted through traditional quantitative techniques as well as visually through qualitative snapshots of the flow data. As pictures are worth a thousand words, in many cases such visualizations are invaluable for understanding the fluid system. Unfortunately, vast mathematical knowledge is required to develop one’s own CFD software and commercial software options are expensive and thereby may be inaccessible to many potential practitioners. To that extent, CFD materials specifically designed for undergraduate education are limited. Here we provide an open-source repository, which contains numerous popular fluid solvers in 2 D (projection, spectral, and Lattice Boltzmann), with full implementations in both MATLAB and Python3. All output data is saved in the . v t k format, which can be visualized (and analyzed) with open-source visualization tools, such as VisIt or ParaView. Beyond the code, we also provide teaching resources, such as tutorials, flow snapshots, measurements, videos, and slides to streamline use of the software.

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Concli, Franco. "Journal Bearing: An Integrated CFD-Analytical Approach for the Estimation of the Trajectory and Equilibrium Position." Applied Sciences 10, no. 23 (November 30, 2020): 8573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10238573.

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For decades, journal bearings have been designed based on the half-Sommerfeld equations. The semi-analytical solution of the conservation equations for mass and momentum leads to the pressure distribution along the journal. However, this approach admits negative values for the pressure, phenomenon without experimental evidence. To overcome this, negative values of the pressure are artificially substituted with the vaporization pressure. This hypothesis leads to reasonable results, even if for a deeper understanding of the physics behind the lubrication and the supporting effects, cavitation should be considered and included in the mathematical model. In a previous paper, the author has already shown the capability of computational fluid dynamics to accurately reproduce the experimental evidences including the Kunz cavitation model in the calculations. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results were compared in terms of pressure distribution with experimental data coming from different configurations. The CFD model was coupled with an analytical approach in order to calculate the equilibrium position and the trajectory of the journal. Specifically, the approach was used to study a bearing that was designed to operate within tight tolerances and speeds up to almost 30,000 rpm for operation in a gearbox.

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Palmada, Nadun, John E. Cater, Leo K. Cheng, and Vinod Suresh. "Experimental and Computational Studies of Peristaltic Flow in a Duodenal Model." Fluids 7, no. 1 (January 17, 2022): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids7010040.

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We study peristaltic flow in a C-shaped compliant tube representing the first section of the small intestine—the duodenum. A benchtop model comprising of a silicone tube filled with a glycerol-water mixture deformed by a rotating roller was created. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to image flow patterns for deformations approximating conditions in the duodenum (contraction amplitude of 34% and wave speed 13 mm/s). Reversed flow was present underneath the roller with fluid moving opposite to the direction of the peristaltic wave propagation. Deformations of the tube were imaged and used to construct a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of flow with moving boundaries. The PIV and CFD vorticity and velocity fields were qualitatively similar. The vorticity field was integrated over the imaging region to compute the total circulation and there was on average a 22% difference in the total circulation between the experimental and numerical results. Higher shear rates were observed with water compared to the higher viscosity fluids. This model is a useful tool to study the effect of digesta properties, anatomical variations, and peristaltic contraction patterns on mixing and transport in the duodenum in health and disease.

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García, Jennifer, Ismael Ríos, and Faruk Fonthal Rico. "Design and Analyses of a Transdermal Drug Delivery Device (TD3) †." Sensors 19, no. 23 (November 21, 2019): 5090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19235090.

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In this paper, we introduce a novel type of transdermal drug delivery device (TD3) with a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) design using computer-aided design (CAD) techniques as well as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations regarding the fluid interaction inside the device during the actuation process. For the actuation principles of the chamber and microvalve, both thermopneumatic and piezoelectric principles are employed respectively, originating that the design perfectly integrates those principles through two different components, such as a micropump with integrated microvalves and a microneedle array. The TD3 has shown to be capable of delivering a volumetric flow of 2.92 × 10−5 cm3/s with a 6.6 Hz membrane stroke frequency. The device only needs 116 Pa to complete the suction process and 2560 Pa to complete the discharge process. A 38-microneedle array with 450 µm in length fulfills the function of permeating skin, allowing that the fluid reaches the desired destination and avoiding any possible pain during the insertion.

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Nakahara, Koki, Mahbubul Muttakin, Kiyoshi Yamamoto, and Kazuhide Ito. "Computational fluid dynamics modelling of the visible light photocatalytic oxidation process of toluene for indoor building materials with locally doped titanium dioxide." Indoor and Built Environment 29, no. 2 (June 11, 2019): 163–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x19854499.

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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is one of the promising methods that can precisely predict non-uniform air flow and contaminant distribution in indoor environments. The overarching objective of this study was to develop a mathematical model for describing the photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) reaction mechanism of gas phase toluene with titanium dioxide (TiO2)-bound indoor building materials. This mathematical model was developed based on Langmuir-Hinshelwood type kinetics and for the integration with CFD simulations as a wall surface boundary condition. The effects of gas phase toluene concentration, illuminance and humidity on the toluene oxidation reaction were considered with locally TiO2-doped building materials. Especially, humidity dependence was explicitly integrated as a competitive adsorption model between toluene and water vapour. Moreover, surface compositions of TiO2 and the substrate (ceramic tile in this study), and the physical adsorption properties of those materials, were modelled and integrated into the mathematical model. A 0.02 m3 chamber experiment and adsorption isotherm measurements were conducted to identify the model parameters. CFD analysis was carried out according to experimental scenarios, and an optimization procedure for the model parameters was proposed for their application as the boundary conditions in the CFD analysis.

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Vasudev, K. L., R. Sharma, and S. K. Bhattacharyya. "A Modular and Integrated Optimisation Model for Underwater Vehicles." Defence Science Journal 66, no. 1 (January 27, 2016): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.66.8889.

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A modular and integrated optimisation model for the design of underwater vehicles is presented. In the proposed optimisation model two modules (i.e. low fidelity and high fidelity) are incorporated and the basic geometric definition of computer aided design (CAD) is integrated with computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis. The hydrodynamic drag is considered as single objective with constraints on the geometric parameters of dimension, space and volume. The CAD model is implemented in MATLAB*TM and CFD model is implemented in Shipflow**TM. A real-world design example of an existing underwater vehicles is presented. The applicability of proposed optimisation model is shown. The presented results show that within given set or sets of constraints the application of optimisation model in design results into an efficient hull form.Defence Science Journal, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 2016, pp. 71-80, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.66.8889

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Roeleveld, D., G. Hailu, A. S. Fung, D. Naylor, T. Yang, and A. K. Athienitis. "Validation of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Model of a Building Integrated Photovoltaic/Thermal (BIPV/T) System." Energy Procedia 78 (November 2015): 1901–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.11.359.

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Tondini, Nicola, Andrea Morbioli, Olivier Vassart, Sullivan Lechêne, and Jean-Marc Franssen. "An integrated modelling strategy between a CFD and an FE software." Journal of Structural Fire Engineering 7, no. 3 (September 12, 2016): 217–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsfe-09-2016-015.

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Purpose This paper aims to present the assumptions and the issues that arise when developing an integrated modelling methodology between a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software applied to compartment fires and a finite element (FE) software applied to structural systems. Design/methodology/approach Particular emphasis is given to the weak coupling approach developed between the CFD code fire dynamics simulator (FDS) and the FE software SAFIR. Then, to show the potential benefits of such a methodology, a multi-storey steel-concrete composite open car park was considered. Findings Results show that the FDS–SAFIR coupling allows overcoming shortcomings of simplified models by performing the thermal analysis in the structural elements based on a more advanced modelling of the fire development, whereas it appears that the Hasemi model is more conservative in terms of thermal action. Originality/value A typical design approach using the Hasemi model is compared with a more advanced analysis that relies on the proposed FDS–SAFIR coupling.

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Borkowski, Dariusz, Michał Węgiel, Paweł Ocłoñ, and Tomasz Węgiel. "Simulation of water turbine integrated with electrical generator." MATEC Web of Conferences 240 (2018): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824005002.

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The paper presents the analysis of the small hydropower plant working at variable speed. The hydro-set that consists of the guide vanes and propeller turbine integrated with the permanent magnet synchronous generator is simulated by using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in Ansys Fluent v18.0. The k-ε and k-ω SST models, as well as the one-equation Spalart-Allmaras (SA) model, were tested. The comparison showed the significant divergence of the calculation results. The turbulence model selection influences the average value of the power and also the speed for which the power is maximal.

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Boldock, Luke, Amanda Inzoli, Silvia Bonardelli, Sarah Hsiao, Alberto Marzo, Andrew Narracott, Julian Gunn, et al. "Integrating particle tracking with computational fluid dynamics to assess haemodynamic perturbation by coronary artery stents." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (July 28, 2022): e0271469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271469.

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Aims Coronary artery stents have profound effects on arterial function by altering fluid flow mass transport and wall shear stress. We developed a new integrated methodology to analyse the effects of stents on mass transport and shear stress to inform the design of haemodynamically-favourable stents. Methods and results Stents were deployed in model vessels followed by tracking of fluorescent particles under flow. Parallel analyses involved high-resolution micro-computed tomography scanning followed by computational fluid dynamics simulations to assess wall shear stress distribution. Several stent designs were analysed to assess whether the workflow was robust for diverse strut geometries. Stents had striking effects on fluid flow streamlines, flow separation or funnelling, and the accumulation of particles at areas of complex geometry that were tightly coupled to stent shape. CFD analysis revealed that stents had a major influence on wall shear stress magnitude, direction and distribution and this was highly sensitive to geometry. Conclusions Integration of particle tracking with CFD allows assessment of fluid flow and shear stress in stented arteries in unprecedented detail. Deleterious flow perturbations, such as accumulation of particles at struts and non-physiological shear stress, were highly sensitive to individual stent geometry. Novel designs for stents should be tested for mass transport and shear stress which are important effectors of vascular health and repair.

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Song, Seongjin, and Sunho Park. "Unresolved CFD and DEM Coupled Solver for Particle-Laden Flow and Its Application to Single Particle Settlement." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 12 (December 2, 2020): 983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8120983.

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In the present study, a single particle settlement was studied using a developed unresolved computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) coupling solver. The solver was implemented by coupling OpenFOAM, the open-source computational fluid dynamics libraries, with LIGGGHTS, the open-source discrete element method libraries. An averaging method using a kernel function was considered to decrease the grid dependency. For the drag model of a single particle, a revised volume fraction with a particle volume expansion coefficient was applied. Falling particles in a water tank were simulated and compared with the empirical correlation. A parametric study using several integrated added mass coefficients and volume expansion coefficients from low to high Reynolds numbers was carried out. The simulations which used the developed numerical methods showed significantly improved predictions of particle settlement.

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Real-Ramirez, Cesar Augusto, Ignacio Carvajal-Mariscal, Jesus Gonzalez-Trejo, Ruslan Gabbasov, Jose Raul Miranda-Tello, and Jaime Klapp. "Numerical Simulations of the Flow Dynamics in a Tube with Inclined Fins Using Open-Source Software." Fluids 7, no. 8 (August 18, 2022): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids7080282.

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Finned tubes increase the convective heat transfer in heat exchangers, reducing the total energy consumption of integrated industrial processes. Due to its stability and robustness, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) commercial software is generally utilized for analyzing complex systems; however, its licensing is expensive. Nowadays, open-source software is a viable substitute for proprietary software. This work presents a CFD analysis of the hydrodynamics of a finned tube using the OpenFOAM and SALOME Meca platforms. The results are compared with experimental data and CFD using the commercial software Fluent, both previously reported in the open literature. This work studies the fluid flow pattern around a tube with six 45-degree-angled fins, and the working fluid, air, is considered as an incompressible fluid. Special attention is paid to calculating the pressure coefficient distribution for the internal and external surfaces of the inclined fins. Open-source platforms allow researchers to visualize how the airflow interacts with the cylinder and the fin surfaces to form a fluid structure, formerly known as a horseshoe vortex system. The findings of the analysis of flow dynamics in the channel between inclined fins and in the wake help explain the results obtained in experimental tests and are relevant for the configuration of a bank of tubes with inclined fins.

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Zhang, Huajian, Xiao-Wei Guo, Chao Li, Qiao Liu, Hanwen Xu, and Jie Liu. "Accelerated Parallel Numerical Simulation of Large-Scale Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulic Models by Renumbering Methods." Applied Sciences 12, no. 20 (October 11, 2022): 10193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122010193.

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Numerical simulation of thermal hydraulics of nuclear reactors is widely concerned, but large-scale fluid simulation is still prohibited due to the complexity of components and huge computational effort. Some applications of open source CFD programs still have a large gap in terms of comprehensiveness of physical models, computational accuracy and computational efficiency compared with commercial CFD programs. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the computational performance of in-house CFD software (YHACT, the parallel analysis code of thermohydraulices) to obtain the processing capability of large-scale mesh data and better parallel efficiency. In this paper, we will form a unified framework of meshing and mesh renumbering for solving fluid dynamics problems with unstructured meshes. Meanwhile, the effective Greedy, RCM (reverse Cuthill-Mckee), and CQ (cell quotient) grid renumbering algorithms are integrated into YHACT software. An important judgment metric, named median point average distance (MDMP), is applied as the discriminant of sparse matrix quality to select the renumbering methods with better effect for different physical models. Finally, a parallel test of the turbulence model with 39.5 million grid volumes is performed using a pressurized water reactor engineering case component with 3*3 rod bundles. The computational results before and after renumbering are also compared to verify the robustness of the program. Experiments show that the CFD framework integrated in this paper can correctly perform simulations of the thermal engineering hydraulics of large nuclear reactors. The parallel size of the program reaches a maximum of 3072 processes. The renumbering acceleration effect reaches its maximum at a parallel scale of 1536 processes, 56.72%. It provides a basis for our future implementation of open-source CFD software that supports efficient large-scale parallel simulations.

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Zolfaghari, Pezhman, Shabnam Shoaebargh, Mostafa Aghbolaghy, and Afzal Karimi. "CFD modelling of a rectangular photobioreactor used for decolorization of Acid Orange 7 by GOx/TiO2/PU porous catalyst." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 25, no. 2 (2019): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq170201026z.

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A rectangular bioreactor with a porous catalyst (GOx/TiO2/PU) was investigated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The bioreactor was used for elimination of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye as a model aqueous pollutant. CFD simulation was validated experimentally in a flow rate of 30?60 mL/min and initial dye concentration of 5.7?10.75 mg/L. Hydrodynamics equations were successfully integrated to study the effect of porous media on flow behavior and pressure drop. Hydrodynamics and RTD analyses proved that the implementation of polyurethane foam as a porous carrier leads to higher residence time and increases AO7 elimination rate. Comparison of experimental single-pass AO7 elimination results with those of CFD simulations showed an average error of 7.8%, confirming the efficiency of the proposed CFD model.

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Lal, Shiv, and Subhash Chand Kaushik. "CFD Simulation Studies on Integrated Approach of Solar Chimney and Borehole Heat Exchanger for Building Space Conditioning." Periodica Polytechnica Mechanical Engineering 62, no. 4 (September 21, 2018): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppme.11023.

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In this communication, integrated approach of solar chimney and borehole heat exchanger has been studied by using computational fluid dynamics software. It is observed that, the room temperature can be maintained at 25-30 °C, at 4.9 ACH with this integrated approach in both peak summer and winter conditions. The cooling and heating effects are evaluated as 4.73-5.55 kW at 40 °C in summer and 8.27-10.56 kW at 5 °C in winter. The SC-BHE integrated system approach produced 21-37 % higher heating effect than the BHE alone system. In cooling mode SC fitted after the room in fluid circuit and it produces the induce effect for air suction from BHE along the air blower. So, integrated approach is a feasible solution for building space conditioning.

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Moreno-Armendáriz, Marco A., Eddy Ibarra-Ontiveros, Hiram Calvo, and Carlos A. Duchanoy. "Integrated Surrogate Optimization of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine." Energies 15, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15010233.

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In this work, a 3D computational model based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is built to simulate the aerodynamic behavior of a Savonius-type vertical axis wind turbine with a semi-elliptical profile. This computational model is used to evaluate the performance of the wind turbine in terms of its power coefficient (Cp). Subsequently, a full factorial design of experiments (DOE) is defined to obtain a representative sample of the search space on the geometry of the wind turbine. A dataset is built on the performance of each geometry proposed in the DOE. This process is carried out in an automated way through a scheme of integrated computational platforms. Later, a surrogate model of the wind turbine is fitted to estimate its performance using machine learning algorithms. Finally, a process of optimization of the geometry of the wind turbine is carried out employing metaheuristic optimization algorithms to maximize its Cp; the final optimized designs are evaluated using the computational model for validating their performance.

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Wang, Li, Yi Qi Zhou, and Zhen Hua Wang. "CFD Research on Aerodynamic Performance of Complicated Resistance Muffler." Applied Mechanics and Materials 34-35 (October 2010): 1274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.34-35.1274.

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In this paper, a complicated resistance muffler was designed for a construction machinery. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method with three dimension models was used to explore the aerodynamic performance of the muffler. With this method the pressure distribution in the muffler is simulated and the pressure loss is predicted for the structure modification. The experiment results verify that the assembly performance of the muffler modified is better than the original muffler. The pressure loss and the insert loss of the improved muffler meet the design specifications and standards of the construction machinary. The integrated performance of the construction machinery has been advanced.

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Le-Duc, Thang, and Quoc-Hung Nguyen. "Aerodynamic Optimal Design for Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Airfoil Using Integrated Optimization Method." International Journal of Computational Methods 16, no. 08 (August 29, 2019): 1841004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876218410049.

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In this work, a new approach for aerodynamic optimization of horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) airfoil is presented. This technique combines commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes with differential evolution (DE), a reliable gradient-free global optimization method. During the optimization process, commercial CFD codes are used to evaluate aerodynamic characteristics of HAWT airfoil and an improved DE algorithm is utilized to find the optimal airfoil design. The objective of this research is to maximize the aerodynamic coefficients of HAWT airfoil at the design angle of attack (AOA) with specific ambient environment. The airfoil shape is modeled by control points which their coordinates are design variables. The reliability of CFD codes is validated by comparing the analytical results of a typical HAWT airfoil with its experimental data. Finally, the optimal design of wind turbine airfoil is evaluated about aerodynamic performance in comparison with existing airfoils and some discussions are performed.

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Sultanguzin, I. A., D. A. Kruglikov, T. V. Yatsyuk, I. D. Kalyakin, Yu V. Yavorovsky, and A. V. Govorin. "Using of BIM, BEM and CFD technologies for design and construction of energy-efficient houses." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 03014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912403014.

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The article presents the concept and the process of integrated design and construction of energy-efficient house during the life cycle based on the use of BIM (Building Information Model), BEM (Building Energy Modeling) and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) technologies. The task of complex design is to create a house with harmonious architecture and minimal energy costs to maintain a comfortable microclimate, including using renewable energy sources. The article shows the effectiveness of the use of an integrated approach in the design of a house close to the Passive House standards.

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Weyand, Birgit, Meir Israelowitz, James Kramer, Christian Bodmer, Mariel Noehre, Sarah Strauss, Elmar Schmälzlin, et al. "Three-Dimensional Modelling inside a Differential Pressure Laminar Flow Bioreactor Filled with Porous Media." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/320280.

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A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics- (CFD-) model based on a differential pressure laminar flow bioreactor prototype was developed to further examine performance under changing culture conditions. Cell growth inside scaffolds was simulated by decreasing intrinsic permeability values and led to pressure build-up in the upper culture chamber. Pressure release by an integrated bypass system allowed continuation of culture. The specific shape of the bioreactor culture vessel supported a homogenous flow profile and mass flux at the scaffold level at various scaffold permeabilities. Experimental data showed an increase in oxygen concentration measured inside a collagen scaffold seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells when cultured in the perfusion bioreactor after 24 h compared to static culture in a Petri dish (dynamic: 11% O2versus static: 3% O2). Computational fluid simulation can support design of bioreactor systems for tissue engineering application.

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Zhang, Fengshou, Haiyan Zhu, Hanguo Zhou, Jianchun Guo, and Bo Huang. "Discrete-Element-Method/Computational-Fluid-Dynamics Coupling Simulation of Proppant Embedment and Fracture Conductivity After Hydraulic Fracturing." SPE Journal 22, no. 02 (February 6, 2017): 632–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/185172-pa.

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Summary In this paper, an integrated discrete-element-method (DEM)/computational-fluid-dynamics (CFD) numerical-modeling work flow is developed to model proppant embedment and fracture conductivity after hydraulic fracturing. Proppant with diameter from 0.15 to 0.83 mm was modeled as a frictional particle assembly, whereas shale formation was modeled as a bonded particle assembly by using the bonded-particle model in PFC3D (Itasca Consulting Group 2010). The mechanical interaction between proppant pack and shale formation during the process of fracture closing was first modeled with DEM. Then, fracture conductivity after the fracture closing was evaluated by modeling fluid flow through the proppant pack by use of DEM coupled with CFD. The numerical model was verified by laboratory fracture-conductivity experiment results and the Kozeny-Carman equation. The simulation results show that the fracture conductivity increases with the increase of proppant concentration or proppant size, and decreases with the increase of fracture-closing stress or degree of shale hydration; shale-hydration effect was confirmed to be the main reason for the large amount of proppant embedment.

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Klyuyev, A. S., Y. I. Chernyshev, E. A. Ivanov, and I. O. Borshchev. "Comparison of Jet Pump Numerical Calculation Results in ANSYS and Openfoam CFD Packages." E3S Web of Conferences 320 (2021): 04017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132004017.

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Currently, among the most popular computational fluid dynamics software packages are commercial CFD packages – ANSYS CFX, ANSYS Fluent, STAR-CCM+ and several others. In contrast to the above-mentioned commercial CFD packages, there is an OpenFOAM, a non-commercial, freely distributed, integrated platform for numerical modeling of solid-state mechanics tasks (including CFD tasks), and it is becoming more and more popular. In addition to being a non-commercial package, OpenFOAM also has open-source code, which allows users to write their own algorithms for solving highly specialized tasks. A comparison of ANSYS and OpenFOAM in the application to CFD problems of incompressible turbulent flow in this article is given by the example of jet pump calculation, which was tested in the Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery of Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University.

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Taebi, Amirtahà. "Deep Learning for Computational Hemodynamics: A Brief Review of Recent Advances." Fluids 7, no. 6 (June 9, 2022): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids7060197.

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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of blood flow plays an important role in better understanding various medical conditions, designing more effective drug delivery systems, and developing novel diagnostic methods and treatments. However, despite significant advances in computational technology and resources, the expensive computational cost of these simulations still hinders their transformation from a research interest to a clinical tool. This bottleneck is even more severe for image-based, patient-specific CFD simulations with realistic boundary conditions and complex computational domains, which make such simulations excessively expensive. To address this issue, deep learning approaches have been recently explored to accelerate computational hemodynamics simulations. In this study, we review recent efforts to integrate deep learning with CFD and discuss the applications of this approach in solving hemodynamics problems, such as blood flow behavior in aorta and cerebral arteries. We also discuss potential future directions in the field. In this review, we suggest that incorporating physiologic understandings and underlying fluid mechanics laws in deep learning models will soon lead to a paradigm shift in the development novel non-invasive computational medical decisions.

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KUMAR, KUNAL, VILJAMI MAAKALA, and VILLE VUORINEN. "Integrated study of flue gas flow and superheating process in a recovery boiler using computational fluid dynamics and 1D-process modeling." June 2020 19, no. 6 (July 1, 2020): 303–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj19.6.303.

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Superheaters are the last heat exchangers on the steam side in recovery boilers. They are typically made of expensive materials due to the high steam temperature and risks associated with ash-induced corrosion. Therefore, detailed knowledge about the steam properties and material temperature distribution is essential for improving the energy efficiency, cost efficiency, and safety of recovery boilers. In this work, for the first time, a comprehensive one-dimensional (1D) process model (1D-PM) for a superheated steam cycle is developed and linked with a full-scale three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the superheater region flue gas flow. The results indicate that: (1) the geometries of headers and superheater platens affect platen-wise steam mass flow rate distribution (3%–7%); and (2) the CFD solution of the 3D flue gas flow field and platen heat flux distribution coupled with the 1D-PM affect the platen-wise steam superheating temperature (45%–122%) and material temperature distribution (1%–6%). Moreover, it is also found that the commonly-used uniform heat flux distribution approach for the superheating process is not accurate, as it does not consider the effect of flue gas flow field in the superheater region. These new observations clearly demonstrate the value of the present integrated CFD/1D-PM modeling approach.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Integrated Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)'

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