Relevant bibliographies by topics / Insured Loan

Academic literature on the topic 'Insured Loan'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Insured Loan"

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Santini, Inawati. "WANPRESTASI PEMBAYARAN KLAIM ASURANSI JIWA AKIBAT KELALAIAN PENYERAHAN BERKAS OLEH MITRA PENANGGUNG SEBAGAI KOLEKTOR PENGAJUAN KLAIM (Studi Kasus Sertifikat Asuransi Polis Nomor 15.001673)." UNES Law Review 1, no. 2 (December 26, 2018): 184–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31933/law.v1i2.26.

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At this time many banks are incentive to lure consumer credit to consumers. In general, consumer loan interest rate is higher than productive credit, even there is a fixed rate. It seems that the fixed rate makes it easy to organize family finances, paying only monthly installments of the same amount, but if carefully calculated, the interest is much higher. Consumer Loan Protection with Insurance Policy Certificate 15.001673 is a life insurance product that guarantees repayment of the remaining amount of Loans and / or monthly loan installment of the Customer as Participant (Insured) to the Policyholder in case the Participant (the Insured) has a death risk or total temporary disability / Or total permanent disability. Although it is clear about the rights and obligations in the insurance agreement but the reality is very different because it turns out the insurer does not fulfill its obligations in the event of claim submission from the insured. Rejection of insurance claims may be made by the insurer under the pretext of submitting the file beyond the specified time limit. Issues to be studied further is how validation of denial of life insurance claim made by Jasindo in accordance with the insurance policy and existing legislation and whether Partner Error is can be classified as Wanprestasi payment of Insurance Claim for late in submission of policy file No: 15.001673. In conducting research, this research is normative law research that is research having object of study about rule or rule. The objective is to determine the validity of the refusal of insurance claims made by Jasindo in accordance with the existing insurance policies and regulations and to find out the Default Payment of Insurance Claims due to Delayed Submission by Marketing Party as Collector Submission of Claim on Insurance Certificate Number 15.001673
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Gurung, Jas Bahadur. "Insureds’ Perception towards Insurance Services in Pokhara." REPOSITIONING The Journal of Business and Hospitality 1 (November 20, 2016): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/repos.v1i0.16040.

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The basic objective of this study is to analyze the perception or opinion of Insured on the services provided by the insurers, agents and surveyors in Pokhara valley. Study shows 71.57 percent respondents agreed insurance creates awareness among people. Similarly, 73.53 percent respondents agreed it also provides social security. Regarding interest rates on loan, 57.43 percent respondents are indifferent on their opinion that whether the rate of interest on loan is cheaper or not but 30.69 percent are agreed that interest on loan is cheaper. Sixty-six point six seven percent respondents are neutral that payment of loan installment is easier or not but 22.22 percent opined installment payment is easier in insurance companies. In the context of satisfactoriness of insurance services, 50.49 percent respondents agreed that services of insurance companies are satisfactory. Out of 92 respondents, 71.74 percent argued that they are satisfied with the services of insurance agents and 28.26 percent are not satisfied. Of the total respondents, 35.89 percent agreed on the performance of insurance surveyors is satisfactory and free of bias. But 33.33 percent respondents on the other are neutral about the performance and behavior of surveyors. On the whole, the above facts imply that the perception of insureds towards insurance services is satisfactory in Pokhara valley.Repositioning Vol.1(1) 2016: 23-36
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Root, Hilton L., Mark Andrew Abdollahian, and Jacek Kugler. "In Korea, the Thirst for Funds Drives Change." Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 05, no. 01 (March 2002): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091502000717.

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It is widely acknowledged that Korea will not be secure against future economic crisis without structural reform of finance, enterprise and labor markets. Real reform requires a transfer of authority from the government to market-based institutions, forcing banks to take full responsibility for the loans they authorize. Before the crisis, the government implicitly insured depositors' bank loans made to the large conglomerates, leaving banks little incentive to develop the necessary skills in credit analysis and loan monitoring. The insured agents did not take proper care to manage their risks. Moral hazard or will increased government control over the financial sector weaken market discipline?
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Shkodrova, Ina. "Life Insurance as Collateral for Bank Credit." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 26, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2020-0060.

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AbstractThis article will cover issues related to the obligations of the parties to the contract and the subject of the insurance contract concluded in connection with a bank loan agreement. Who are the parties to the contract and who benefits from the insured amount when the insured event occurs? What is the purpose, what does the Insurance Code provide and how does it guarantee the creditor’s rights? Insurance as additional collateral for the bank.
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Kopkin, Nolan. "The conditional spatial correlations between racial prejudice and racial disparities in the market for home loans." Urban Studies 55, no. 16 (March 5, 2018): 3596–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098018755086.

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Many studies have shown the existence of disparities in loan denial rates between blacks and whites that cannot be accounted for by observable applicant characteristics. Examining the link between racial gaps in home loan denial rates and prejudicial attitudes toward blacks measured by questions in the General Social Survey, this article shows not only that blacks are more likely to be denied conventional home mortgages but that denial rates among blacks for these loans are also geographically correlated with racial prejudice, particularly among first-lien home purchase loans and loans from depository lenders. However, among Federal Housing Administration-insured loans guaranteed by the government in the event of borrower default, this study finds no evidence of a statistical relationship between racial prejudice and loan denials among black applicants. Results are consistent with taste-based discrimination by discriminatory lenders; however, one cannot rule out that statistical discrimination is at least partially driving the results.
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Kvanina, V. V., and M. N. Lokteva. "About Certain Issues of Hard Selling of Insurance Services when Concluding a Loan Agreement: Law and Practice." Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)), no. 7 (September 23, 2022): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2022.95.7.094-102.

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Based on the analysis of materials of law enforcement practice on the issue of imposing additional insurance services on the borrower at the conclusion of a loan agreement, the most typical cases of violation of the borrower’s rights regarding compliance with their right to refuse additional insurance services, including life and/or health insurance of the borrower, have been identified; providing the borrower with a consumer loan on the same terms if the borrower has independently insured his life, health/ other insurance interest in favor of the lender from the insurer that meets the criteria established by the lender in accordance with the requirements of the legislation; refund to the policyholder of the insurance premium paid in case of refusal of the policyholder from the voluntary insurance contract, etc.The article proposes at the legislative level to fix the bank’s obligation to reflect in lending documents information about the full cost of the loan with the presence of risk insurance, as well as information about the full cost of the loan without the purchase of insurance services, and, accordingly, the consolidation of this right in the insurance policy, which will give the relationship between the bank and the borrower more transparency.
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Flannery, Mark J. "Capital regulation and insured banks choice of individual loan default risks." Journal of Monetary Economics 24, no. 2 (September 1989): 235–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(89)90005-6.

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Dewi, I. Gusti Agung Mas Cahyani, Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi Dewi, and Ni Made Puspasutari Ujianti. "Kedudukan Hukum Perjanjian Kredit dalam Hal Objek Jaminan Fidusia Musnah." Jurnal Preferensi Hukum 1, no. 1 (July 27, 2020): 228–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jph.1.1.2166.228-233.

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Crediting activities can be carried out by anyone who has the ability to initiate a loan agreement between the creditor / creditor and the recipient of the loan / debtor, this is regulated in article 8 of the Banking Act. This study aims to analyze the legal position in the credit agreement if the fiduciary collateral object is destroyed, and analyze efforts to resolve disputes due to the destruction of the fiduciary collateral object. The method used is an empirical method with the approach of legal sociology. The results showed that the legal position of the credit agreement if the fiduciary collateral object was destroyed either in the case that the object became the object had been insured or not insured by the owner of the object. The credit agreement remains and the debtor remains responsible for paying off the debt. With this situation, the creditor will turn into a concurrent creditor. Furthermore, in resolving disputes the destruction of fiduciary collateral objects, there are two ways, namely, if the object used as fiduciary collateral object by the debtor in a credit agreement is insured, the creditor can claim insurance for the collateralized object. Whereas if the object which is used as collateral has not been insured in this case the creditor has issued a credit and is taking care of the object's insurance, an undesirable event occurs by the debtor and the creditor, namely the destruction of the object used as collateral. Then the debtor must be held responsible by replacing the items pledged with new objects owned by the debtor and the selling price is the same as the credit issued by the creditor.
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Kim, Kevin Nooree, and Ani L. Katchova. "Impact of the Basel III bank regulation on US agricultural lending." Agricultural Finance Review 80, no. 3 (January 7, 2020): 321–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-11-2019-0124.

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Purpose Following the recent global financial crisis, US regulatory agencies issued laws to implement the Basel III accords to ensure the resiliency of the US banking sector. Theories predict that enhanced regulations may alter credit issuance of the regulated banks due to increased capital requirements, but the direction of changes might not be straightforward especially with respect to the agricultural loans. A decrease in credit availability from banks might pose a serious problem for farmers who rely on bank credit especially during economic recessions. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the impact of Basel III regulatory framework implementation on agricultural lending in the USA is examined. Using panel data of FDIC-insured banks from 2008 to 2017, the agricultural loan volume and growth rates are examined for agricultural banks and all US banks. Findings The results show that agricultural loan growth rates have slowed down, but the amount of agricultural loan volume issuance still remained positive. More detailed examination finds that regulated agricultural banks have decreased both the agricultural loan volume and their loan exposure to the agricultural sector, showing a possible sign of credit crunch. Originality/value This study examines whether the implementation of the Basel III regulation has resulted in changes in agricultural loan issuance by US banks as predicted by the lending channel theory.
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Tang, Chunhua, Huiyuan Zhang, and Jiamuyan Xie. "Optimal Contract Design in Contract Farming under Asymmetric Effort Information." Sustainability 14, no. 22 (November 13, 2022): 15000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142215000.

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This paper studies the contract design, optimal financing, and pricing decision of the leading agricultural enterprise when the level of effort of the farmer is private information. We use buyer direct finance and add agricultural income insurance to transfer risks to overcome the farmer’s loan difficulty and contract default caused by information asymmetry. We design four kinds of contracts, including the uninsured and symmetric information contract (SN contract), the uninsured and asymmetric information contract (AN contract), the insured and symmetric information contract (SY contract), and the insured and asymmetric information contract (AY contract). Through comparative analysis of the different types of contracts, several results are obtained. First, when there is no insurance, supervision of the leading enterprise can improve the farmer’s level of effort; but supervision costs are incurred, and incentive contracts can avoid the farmer’s moral hazard. Second, agricultural income insurance improves the farmer’s level of effort when information is asymmetric, which transfers risks and saves costs for all the game participants. Third, the leading enterprise prefers an asymmetric information contract and the farmer prefers AN contract when the probability of loan repayment is high.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Insured Loan"

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Passannante, Vincenzo. "Theoretical problems in Cause – Specific Mortality forecasting and diagnosis rates.Solutions and actuarial applications." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/1761.

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2013 - 2014
The study of cause-specific mortality in the actuarial field is one of the main sources of information for public health monitoring. Among the number of challenges that need to be addressed, two of them are the main aims of this work. First, the World Health Organization manages a cause-specific mortality database, based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). The ICD changed three times between 1950 and 2010 in order to account for progress in science and technology and to achieve more refined cause descriptions. Thus, the ICD revision often causes major discontinuities in trends in mortality and morbidity statistics, requiring then an appropriate correction for any time series analyses or forecasts. Second, models for trends in mortality rates for different ages and sexes as well as for different countries are often based on the assumption of independence between the causes of death. Actually, in literature we cannot find models taking into account both the questions. Our aim is to suggest a new method developed considering simultaneously the ICD changes (discontinuities in the data) and the dependence among several causes of death. To this end, basing on an extension of the Lee – Carter Model (Lee R.D. and Carter L., 1992) we mitigate the structural breaks in mortality rates and contextually the VECM (Vector Error Correction Model) is used in order to project the cause-specific time component of the Lee-Carter model. This methodology allows to include longterm stationary relations between the different causes of death, that is cause-of death dependence in the mortality forecasting model. Results are compared to the more traditional forecasting approach based on ARIMA processes. In particular we show that the proposed method produces more precise projections in order to better understand the cause – specific mortality. This is crucial in different topics for example in social security, health, socioeconomic strategies, having implications in different decision choices. The application in pricing assessment of the methodology here discussed is developed in the insurance and banking filed, in order to design tailored and more individual contracts. In particular several insured loans built within the critical illness policy model are proposed and priced. The new products insure the loan, covering the risk to suffer several dread disease and/or the event in case of death for a specific cause. The inclusion of the benefit in case of a specific cause of death does not involve additional cost to the life office beyond the critical illness benefit. On the contrary the new designs ensure less expensive conditions in comparison with the standard policy and are very appealing from the market point of view, looking for more and more personalized and cheap clauses. [edited by author]
XIII n.s.
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chang, chi-ling, and 張琦玲. "The Abolishment and Existence of the Insured Person Hardship Loan on the Labor Insurance in Taiwan." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10802798075834338402.

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碩士
中原大學
財經法律研究所
97
The global and domestic economic downturn in the 2001s caused unemployment rates to be on the rise; as a result, many labors face financial difficulties. In reference to the commercial insurance mechanism, the objective of labor insurance is to provide individual hardship loan to those who are in need. Therefore, insured persons of the labor insurance may apply for old-age benefits in advance, which will be deducted from insurance benefits later on.In 2003, Subparagraph (4), Paragraph 1 of Article 67 of the amended Labor Insurance Act stipulated that the labor insurance fund may be put towards loans for insured persons. Since 2003, the government started promoting hardship loans for insured persons under the labor insurance program. Until January 2009, there are 580,000 applicants to the program, with a total of NT$63,800 million loans approved. However, around 100,000 applicants failed to submit principle and interest payments in time, and the amount of deficiency reached NT$9,500 million, equivalent to a deficiency ratio around 18.61%. In addition, the proviso of Paragraph 1 of Article 29 of the Labor Insurance Act stipulated that an insured person who has not repaid interests on aloan shall have the amount deducted form insurance benefits claimed by the insured person or other beneficiaries. As a result, there are quite a lot of applicants to he hardship loans under thelabor insurance program. Could we accomplish policy objectives of assisting those temporarily in need? Since the deficiency ratio of hardship loans under the labor insurance program is relatively high, if unpaid amounts are deducted from insurance benefits claimed by the insurance person in the future, would labors be financially secured in case of the occurrence of a contingency covered by the insurance? Could insurance benefits not yet repaid be fully deducted from insurance benefits? The paper dicusses the function and feature of the labor insurance fund and labor pension fund, distinguishes the advantages and disadvantages of different hardship loans under the labor pension fund, and analyzes how hardship loan programs affect the security for entire or individual retired labors. The paper studies potential obstacles in practice or law applications when individual hardship loans are under a shared labor insurance fund; I also study the accumulation fund system in Singapore and 401(K) plan in the United States as references to hardship loans. Lastly, I propose my conclusion, policy suggestions and recommended law amendments regards to hardship loans under the labor insurance fund and the labor pension fund.
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Liu, Chih-Yung, and 劉志鏞. "The Impact of Policy Loan on the Liability of Life Insurer." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79534680348071478749.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
財務金融學研究所
91
For a life insurance company, the major liability is their products. To maintain the ability of solvency, the fields of asset-liability matching and the analysis of liability are highly argued these days. However, in the traditional analysis of policy of life insurance companies, there are often several embedded options ignored. In this paper, the author tries to internalize one of these embedded options with the existed analysis method. As a result, with the loan option the policy’s duration is shorter. Second, the distribution of the present value of liability also changes.
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Books on the topic "Insured Loan"

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United States. Veterans Benefits Administration. Loan guaranty operations for regional offices: GIL (Guaranteed/Insured Loan) system. Washington, D.C: Veterans Benefits Administration, Dept. of Veterans Affairs, 1990.

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Brumbaugh, R. Dan. The collapse of federally insured depositories: The savings and loans as precursor. New York: Garland Pub., 1993.

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The will and the way: A history of College Foundation Inc. and the North Carolina Insured Student Loan Program. Raleigh, N.C: The Foundation, 1989.

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United, States Congress House Committee on Banking Finance and Urban Affairs Subcommittee on General Oversight and Investigations. Issues concerning investing in high-yield bonds by FSLIC insured depository institutions: Hearing before the Subcommittee on General Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, first session, March 2, 1989. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1989.

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United, States Congress House Committee on Banking Finance and Urban Affairs Subcommittee on General Oversight and Investigations. Extinguishment of the FSLIC's secondary reserve fund and its impact upon the nation's FSLIC-insured institutions: Hearings before the Subcommittee on General Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs, House of Representatives, One-hundredth Congress, first session, June 11 and 17, 1987. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Financial condition of federally insured depository institutions: Hearing before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One hundredth Congress, first session ... May 21, 1987. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Financial condition of federally insured depository institutions: Hearing before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One hundredth Congress, first session ... May 21, 1987. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Financial condition of federally insured depository institutions: Hearing before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One hundredth Congress, first session ... May 21, 1987. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

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United, States Congress Senate Committee on Banking Housing and Urban Affairs. The condition of the Savings Association Insurance Fund (SAIF): Hearing before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, first session, on the difficulties facing the SAIF to pay the remaining costs of the failures and the forthcoming BIF-SAIF premium disparity will cause serious undercapitalization of the SAIF to protect their insured depositors, July 28, 1995. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1995.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. The condition of the Savings Association Insurance Fund (SAIF): Hearing before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, first session, on the difficulties facing the SAIF to pay the remaining costs of the failures and the forthcoming BIF-SAIF premium disparity will cause serious undercapitalization of the SAIF to protect their insured depositors, July 28, 1995. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Insured Loan"

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Berkovec, James A., Glenn B. Canner, Timothy H. Hannan, and Stuart A. Gabriel. "Race, Redlining, and Residential Mortgage Defaults: Evidence from The FHA-Insured Single-Family Loan Program." In Mortgage Lending, Racial Discrimination, and Federal Policy, 251–87. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429448522-6.

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Karlan, Dean, and Jacob Appel. "Bundling Credit and Insurance." In Failing in the Field, 125–32. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691183138.003.0012.

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This chapter assesses a study conducted with SKS Microfinance and insurer ICICI-Lombard where the researchers added a mandatory health insurance policy to SKS microloans to test the theory that bundling policies with other products creates a viable pool of clients for insurers. SKS's bundling of insurance with microloans proved so problematic that, at the end of the day, there were not enough insured clients for researchers to study the impact of getting insurance on health experience or financial performance. The obvious failure here is low participation after randomization. The deeper question is why low participation became an issue. This points to two contributing failures. First, there was a partner organization burden around learning new skills. The second contributing failure can be traced all the way back to the project's inception. Before the study began, SKS had never bundled insurance with its loans. In terms of research setting, they were dealing with an immature product.
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Karzar-Jeddi, Mehdi. "An Equivalent Fuel Model for Wildland Urban Interface – Application to Risk Management." In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 509–11. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_79.

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Wildfires are imposing increasingly greater risk to people and insured properties. The frequency and intensity of destructive wildfires has increased significantly in past decades. Most wildfire damage to properties occurs in the wildland-urban interface (WUI), where properties are either exposed to wildfire directly and burn or are ignited by firebrands. Many wildfire models are focused on modelling the spread of fires in wildland; however, the studies of the spread of wildfires into urban areas is limited. This paper presents a new model for fuel load in urban area using an equivalent fuel load as wildland fuel to simulate wildfire spread when they approach wildland and urban interface/intermix. The model is to estimate the heat release rate from a typical single house and determine the combination of different fuel sizes. Then, according to the density of structures based on satellite imagery the fuel from LANDFIRE fuel is updated with the model urban fuel. A similar method of equivalent fuel load for agriculture area is developed and the LANDFIRE fuel is updated with the agriculture fuel. Using the updated landscape fuel and terrain, Rothermel-based simulation of wildfire is performed in FARSITE. This simulation is helpful in determining the risk of wildfires for properties and communities.
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Samuel, Delyth, and Danny Samson. "Government Insurer Enters the Brave New World." In IT Outsourcing, 1379–90. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-770-6.ch085.

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Governments provide a wide range of services, and the digital economy provides both threats and opportunities in this sector. The Transport Accident Commission (TAC) is a compulsory, government owned and operated insurance scheme for third-party, no-fault liability insurance for transport accident victims, operated in Victoria, Australia. E-business has now been widely used in all sectors from small business (Loane, McNaughton, & Bell, 2004) to emerging economies (Li & Chang, 2004), and in very different industry sectors (Cagno, Di Giulio, & Trucco, 2004; Golden, Hughes, & Gallagher, 2003). Major steps forward and applications have occurred in retailing (Leonard & Cronan, 2003; Mackay, Altmann, & McMichael, 2003; Starr, 2003). Applications need to be highly customized as the business-to-consumer (B2C) and business-to-business (B2B) environments are very different, and requirements of industries such as retailing and mining, and indeed government, differ substantially (Carter, 2003; He & Lung, 2002; Rotondaro, 2002). Government provides a particularly different environment for e-business applications because government services are often delivered in monopoly circumstances, with no real profit motive behind them. At the height of the technology boom in October 1999, Tony Marxsen joined the TAC as head of IT to develop a new IT outsourcing contract for the organization as the current 5-year contract was due to end in July 2000. He quickly realized that the TAC IT systems were out of date, lacked IT process integration, and were constraining improvement in business processes, and that no significant investments had been made for some time. Renewing or redesigning the outsourcing contract, the basis for which he had been employed, would only be a short-term solution. The problem was that the cost of new infrastructure would be high, and return on technology investment would mainly be realized from redesigned business processes enabled by the new technology. Tony wanted to propose a business transformation, with process changes as well as significant investment in IT infrastructure. Together, these would take the TAC from 1970s technology into the 21st century. The problem was that their (investments in such transformation) payoffs are not easily and quickly achieved. Their value does not come from installing the technology; it comes from changing both operating and management processes—perhaps operating and managing cultures too. (Ross & Beath, 2002, p. 53) Tony knew he would have to win the support of the board and senior management, but he could not immediately give them a concrete business case for the investment. He also knew that any infrastructure investment had to be linked with a major process-improvement initiative from the start to avoid the double investment of building new applications to support old processes, and then undertaking major modifications or even replacement when the need for improvement became obvious to the board and management team. He compared investing in IT infrastructure to rewiring and replumbing your house: as far as visitors are concerned, there’s no visible difference, everything’s behind the walls, but as the owner you get the benefits of things like cheaper electricity and water bills because of efficiencies in the new redesigned systems. The problem is convincing people that they will get these results in the future, but that they need to hand over the money now, when there’s no hard evidence for the benefits they’ll get, just a bunch of assumptions and no guarantees. It’s a big ask for any Board. (Marxsen, personal communication, September 4, 2003) Tony knew that the first hurdle he would have to overcome would be getting the board to agree to give him the opportunity to put together a team to develop a business case for the board’s further consideration.
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Wiggins, Benjamin. "Home." In Calculating Race, 52–77. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197504000.003.0004.

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The economic collapse that set into motion the Great Depression of the 1930s was portended by mass mortgage defaults in the mid-1920s. To address this unprecedented housing crisis, New Deal legislation created the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) to insure mortgage loans. Without predecessors or peers and faced with a national emergency, the FHA turned to risk-rating experts in real estate valuation to craft underwriting policies that would shape the geography of the country and cement racial segregation in the United States for generations to come. Chapter 3 details how FHA officials utilized risk-rating standards that disqualified people of color from obtaining federally subsidized mortgage insurance. This institutional discrimination had the deleterious effect of essentially precluding people of color from obtaining middle-class America’s most important wealth-generating asset: the single-family home. Though others have written about the agency’s policies before, my analysis is notably the first to locate each version of the FHA’s underwriting manual, to take stock of each facet of race-based risk rating until the conclusion of the practice in 1947, and to analyze the agency’s effect on the lending industry thereafter.
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Moss QC, Gabriel, Bob Wessels, and Matthias Haentjens. "Ireland." In EU Banking and Insurance Insolvency. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759393.003.0018.

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The Irish Banking Crisis (2008–2012) led to a dramatic restructuring of the credit institutions, including the nationalization of two out of three of the domestic retail banks and the injection of significant capital into all three. Progress continues to be made in strengthening the balance sheets of the banks against a background of continued economic recovery reflected in GDP growth of 4.8 per cent in 2015, increases in exports and employment, and improvements in investor and consumer spending. Focus has shifted now to the oversight of the resolution of the large number of non-performing loans, the strengthening of the banks’ business models, and managing the consequences to the Irish economy of Brexit. Ireland has five ‘significant institutions’ (Bank of Ireland, AIB plc, Ulster Bank Ireland DAC, Citibank Holdings Ireland Ltd, and Permanent TSB Group Holdings plc) and thirteen ‘less significant’ institutions. The Irish insurance market is well developed and diverse with the majority of the insurers being subsidiaries of large international insurance parents. At the time of writing, there are approximately fifty-eight insurance undertakings with Irish consumers operating in Ireland.
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Cohen, Andrew S. "Paleoecological Archives in Lake Deposits I: Problems and Methods." In Paleolimnology. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195133530.003.0014.

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Fossils provide some of the most detailed sources of information for environmental reconstruction available to the paleolimnologist. The use of lacustrine fossils to infer paleoenvironmental conditions is fundamentally based on inferences derived from modern correlations between the distribution of organisms and environmental variables, coupled with an understanding of taphonomy, the study of the fossilization process. No single group of organisms provides a comprehensive picture of lake ecosystems or environmental change, so it is always desirable to gather paleoecological records from multiple clades and habitats in a paleolimnological study. Analysis of multiple clades provides a means of establishing or testing ecological hypotheses that may not be possible from the study of one group alone. For example, many limnological processes affect the plankton, littoral organisms, and benthos in predictable sequences, and with predictable intensities. The most comprehensive study of fossil data and data analysis will be meaningless if the fossils studied are misidentified. A good taxonomic framework is an essential element of paleoecological studies. Accurate identification of described species, and the curation of voucher specimens, photographs, and other descriptive materials of undescribed species is important, to insure the quality of a paleolimnologist’s ongoing work, and to avoid future errors based on previously misidentified fossil specimens. Using fossils to interpret lacustrine paleoenvironments requires not only an understanding of modern organism distributions, but also an understanding of four additional factors we did not consider in chapter 5: (1) ecological causality and scale, (2) taphonomy and time-averaging, (3) historical contingency, and (4) evolutionary processes. One of the most common uses of fossil data in lakes is to try and reconstruct changes in some physical or biological forcing process from changes in abundance or morphology of the fossil organisms affected by the process. We might be interested in reconstructing changes in nutrient flux to the lake, based on changes in the relative abundances of some fossil animals. However, these animals actually responded to nutrient load only indirectly, through the effect of nutrient load on autotrophs and/or organic detritus. Now suppose that our ultimate objective is not really to understand productivity changes or nutrients, so much as to understand climate changes that may be driving productivity changes.
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"method normally found in the UK is, at the moment, slightly different. This system is called solidarity; everyone shares the cost of insurance, across the entire gamut of risk. Even so, there have been modifiers which have crept in, such as smoking or obesity. In the case of smoking it is a self-inflicted injury and, for the most part so is obesity, but not always. Generally speaking, genetic information can be ignored using this model. So we return to our original supposition: why not test everyone and modify their premiums accordingly, which is what the insurance industry would like? Well, to begin with this would be a ‘cherry picking’ exercise. Whatever is said it can be assumed that the truth, now or later, is that if insurance companies were allowed to assess individual risk someone would end up as uninsurable, while those that probably do not need insurance will be quite happily given it. So if the claim is that there is no intention to increase profits, which it has been stated to be, why bother? Is it altruism on the part of insurance companies to put premiums up for one group and down for another? This brings us to point two. If there is no desire to increase profits, why not retain the actuarial system currently in place? Actuarial tables have been used for centuries and give a good guide to the numbers of any age cohort who will die at any given time. This system works for both the insured and the insurer; to change it is to load the dice in a game of chance in favour of the dice holder. The insurers want to bet on a certainty; the rest of us want access to affordable insurance. This is the point where the legal challenge should be pursued. Discrimination in any form is both undesirable and dangerous. It is undesirable because we may lose a significant resource in the shape of our genetic diversity. After all, we have seen that some genes which are routinely described as ‘disease genes’ have turned out to confer additional fitness to the unaffected carriers, such as sickle cell anaemia (malaria resistance) and cystic fibrosis (tuberculosis resistance). It is also dangerous because we cannot tell what path this sort of action could lead us down; eugenics is not a very sensible route for humanity to take. A primary concern in this sort of testing is that the individuals that are making judgments on the results of these tests are simply not capable of making them. With any genetic test counselling is essential; without it the misery which can be caused within a family can be immense. Such things should be challenged before the situation becomes uncontrollable. During the Human Genome Project it was discovered that in excess of 1.4 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are present in the human genome. Many of these are of considerable importance in testing for specific genetic conditions, even down to such things as adverse reactions to specific drugs. This will be of enormous benefit because although an adverse reaction may be a simple headache or weight loss, such a reaction can be so severe as to result in death. But SNPs have another practical application in the criminal justice system. They can be used in large panels to produce a DNA profile for identification. But even now it is reported that an American company, DNAPrint Genomics in Florida is patenting a test which tests for SNPs that correlate with eye colour. They are not trying to determine eye colour by looking at the genes which actually code for eye colour in their entirety, but at single bases differences which indicate the." In Genetics and DNA Technology: Legal Aspects, 115. Routledge-Cavendish, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843146995-23.

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Conference papers on the topic "Insured Loan"

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Wei, Mingzhu, Elke A. Rundensteiner, and Murali Mani. "INSURE: An integrated load reduction framework for XML stream processing." In 2015 IEEE 31st International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icde.2015.7113333.

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Ayyub, Bilal M., Ibrahim A. Assakkaf, Klieo Avrithi, Abinav Gupta, Nitin Shah, Philip Kotwicki, Kenneth Balkey, and Ralph S. Hill. "Risk-Informed Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) Methods for Piping." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80592.

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The main objective of structural design is to insure safety, functional, and performance requirements of a structural system for selected target reliability levels, for specified period of time and for a specified environment. As this must be accomplished under conditions of uncertainty, risk and reliability analyses are deemed necessary in the development of such methods as risk-informed load and resistance factor design for piping. This paper provides a summary of the methodology and technical basis for reliability-based, load and resistance factor design suitable for the ASME Section III, Class 2/3 piping for primary loading, i.e., pressure, deadweight and seismic. The methodology includes analytical procedures, such as the First-Order Reliability Method (FORM) for calculating the LRFD-based partial safety factors for piping. These factors were developed in this paper for demonstration purposes, and they can be used ultimately in LRFD design formats to account for the uncertainties in strength and in the load effects. The technical basis provided in the paper is suitable for a proof-of-concept in that LRFD can be used in the design of piping with consistent reliability levels. Also, the results from additional projects in this area, including future research for piping secondary loads, will form the basis for future code cases.
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Ismail Al Zawaideh, Ayman, Khalifa Hassan Al Hosani, Igor Boiko, Abdulla AlQassab, and Ibrahim Khan. "Control-Oriented Modelling and Optimal Adaptive Control of Parallel Compressors." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207459-ms.

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Abstract Compressors are widely used to transport gas offshore and onshore. Oil rigs and gas processing plants have several compressors operating either alone, in parallel or in trains. Hence, compressors must be controlled optimally to insure a high rate of production, and efficient power consumption. The aim of this paper is to provide a control algorithm to optimize the compressors operation in parallel in process industries, to minimize energy consumption in variable operating conditions. A dynamic control-oriented model of the compression system has been developed. The optimization algorithm is tested on an experimental prototype having two compressors connected in parallel. The developed optimization algorithm resulted in a better performance and a reduction of the total energy consumption compared to an equal load sharing scheme.
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Waterland, Alfred F., and James E. B. Frew. "Determination of Optimum Ambient Temperature Re-Torque Dwell Period for PTFE Based Gaskets." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93088.

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Gaskets must receive adequate, minimum assembly stress in order to develop the required level of joint tightness. Furthermore, operating stress levels must be maintained above a certain threshold throughout the service life of the connection in order to insure continued joint reliability and tightness (low leakage) performance. PTFE based gasket materials can exhibit significant initial and/or continued compressive flow, which translates into a loss of bolt load. Manufacturers and users of PTFE based gasket materials are advised to re-torque these connections, often after a 24 hour dwell period. The following research was conducted in order to determine if the specific PTFE material selected can influence the need for bolt re-torque, and additionally to determine if the re-torque dwell period can be reduced to a time period less than 24 hours.
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Polvani, R. S., and C. J. Evans. "Electrical Assisted Grinding of Precision Glass and Ceramic Parts." In Optical Fabrication and Testing. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oft.1992.wb2.

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We are developing better ways of making precision glass and ceramic parts. Two recent parts are subsurface damage free SiN MOR bars and RBSiC aspheric optics. If, in the past, we relied on resinoid bonded super abrasives; our focus now is on metal bonded wheels. Already, our experience demonstrates their promise - much better figured and finished parts, and a hazard. The performance is tied to stringent preparation beforehand and in-process dressing to insure free cutting. We grind using a modified Blanchard; the spindle is tilted off axis by 1 degree. The 4 inch cup wheels run up to 6000 SFM. We found less than 0.2 micrometer total axial runout to be a working requirement. Further, the wheels - without appropriate dressing - quickly clog or load with debris. Free cutting requires continuous dressing.
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Smith, Allen C. "Evaluation of Torque vs. Closure Bolt Preload for a Typical Containment Vessel Under Service Conditions." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25135.

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Radioactive material package containment vessels typically employ bolted closures of various configurations. Closure bolts must retain the lid of a package and must maintain required seal loads, while subjected to internal pressure, impact loads and vibration. The need for insuring that the specified preload is achieved in closure bolts for radioactive materials packagings has been a continual subject of concern for both designers and regulatory reviewers. The extensive literature on threaded fasteners provides sound guidance on design and torque specification for closure bolts. The literature also shows the uncertainty associated with use of torque to establish preload is typically between 10 and 35%. These studies have been performed under controlled, laboratory conditions. The ability to insure required preload in normal service is, consequently, an important question. The study described here investigated the relationship between indicated torque and resulting bolt load for a typical radioactive materials package closure using methods available under normal service conditions.
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Kowalski, Gregory J., and Mansour Zenouzi. "Performance of Fuel Cell and Engine Based Cogeneration Systems in Heating and Cooling Applications." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60319.

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A generalized thermodynamic model is developed to describe cooling, heating and power generating systems. This model is based on reversible power generation and refrigeration devices with practical, irreversible heat exchanger processes provides valuable information on a system’s performance and allows easy comparisons among different systems at different loading conditions. Using both the first and second laws as well as the carbon dioxide production rate allows one to make a first order system assessment on its energy usage and environment impact. The use of the exergy destruction rate and insuring that its behavior be consistent with that of the first law performance is a important to insure that the thermodynamic system boundaries are correctly and completely defined. The importance of the total thermal load to required power ratio (HLRP) as a scaling parameter is demonstrated. While the reported results confirmed that generalized trends are not possible identify, a number of trends for limited conditions have been identified. The results have shown that a combined vapor compression/absorption refrigeration has higher first law utilization factors and lower carbon dioxide production rate for system with higher refrigeration to total thermal load ratios for all HLRP values. Fuel cell based subsystems outperform engine based subsystems for systems with large refrigeration loads.
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Mourad, A.-H. I., J. Altarawneh, A. El Domiaty, and Y. J. Chao. "Fracture Toughness Determined From Full-Scale Pipe." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78783.

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Fracture toughness for full scale steel pipe of API 5L grade X65 PSL1 (ASTM A694F65) medium strength grade pipeline steel has been measured by a new test specimen utilizing the same procedure of the standard test methods ASTM E 399-90 and E 1820-01. Full scale pipe with circumferentially machined notch is pulled axially by tensile load up to fracture. An external circumferential sharp notch has been machined in the wall of the pipe to simulate the crack. To insure a plane strain condition around the crack a well lubricated and axially free loaded plug has been mounted, symmetrically around the circumferential notch, inside the pipe. Evidences of cleavage fracture have been observed on the fracture surface. The measured value of the fracture toughness has been found to be very close to the values measured according to the standard test for steel plates of similar grade. The new proposed testing method for full scale pipe can be used regardless its dimensions since it appears to provide plane strain condition around the crack.
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Hamidzadeh, H. R., J. L. Prescher, and H. Nayeb-Hashemi. "Dynamic Response of Adhesively Bonded Beams Subjected to Harmonic Peeling Loads." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/vib-8147.

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Abstract The only viable method to join some components is by using adhesive. These components are often subjected to dynamic loading, which may cause initiation and propagation of failure in the joint. In order to insure the reliability of these structures, their dynamic response and factors affecting their response must be understood. Dynamic response of a single lap joint subjected to an out of plane harmonic force is evaluated. The bonded joint is modeled as Euler Bernoulli beams joined with an adhesive and constrained at one end and subjected to a harmonic force at the free end. The results show that the system response is not sensitive to the damping characteristic of the adhesive. In contrast, the elastic properties, and geometry of adhesive and adherends dominate the response. Significant peel and shear stresses develop in the over lap. These stresses are confined to the edge of the overlap and their magnitude increases as the frequency approaches the natural frequency of the system. The results show that the direction of the shear stress changes as the frequency of applied load sweeps over the first natural frequency. In contrast the peeling stress direction does not change as result of sweeping frequency over the first natural frequency.
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Saczalski, Kenneth J., Joseph Lawson Burton, Paul R. Lewis, Todd K. Saczalski, and Peter E. Baray. "Evaluation of Rear Impact Seat System Performance Using a Combined Load Neck Injury Criteria and Hybrid III Surrogates." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/amd-25444.

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Abstract Vehicle to vehicle rear impact crash tests and sled buck tests were run to evaluate seat system performance related to Hybrid III surrogate response and comparison with NHTSA proposed combined load injury assessment values, as well as standard injury criteria. The crash and sled buck test impact conditions were modeled after actual case study incidents where changes in the rear impacted vehicle speeds ranged from about 25 to 50 kph. With the exception of one baseline vehicle-to-vehicle rear impact test, the dynamic tests provided side-by-side comparisons, and test-to-test evaluations, of surrogate response in conventional yielding front seats versus much stronger seat systems such as the belt integrated seat designs. Head, neck and chest injury criteria were used in the evaluations, including both the proposed NHTSA combined load neck criteria and SAE J 885 injury values. The surrogate response injury levels for the conventional yielding seats correlated well with the actual case study injury results. The seat comparison response generally indicated much reduced head and neck injury potential to surrogates seated in the stronger seat designs. The dynamic tests also demonstrate the importance of testing within the full vehicle interior structure to insure that floor strength is compatible with seat strength, so as to attain optimum occupant protection in stronger seat designs, and to assess injury risk to occupants in yielding or collapsing seat designs, as well as rear seated occupants, such as children. The tests indicate that quasi-static seat strength measurements made with more realistic “torso body block” load devices can provide reasonable estimates on the ultimate failure modes and dynamic load capabilities of the seat systems if the seat systems are properly mounted to the vehicle. Quasi-static seat strength results are presented for a variety of conventional collapsing seat designs and stronger seat systems like the belt integrated designs. One sled buck test was run with a rear-seated child surrogate to demonstrate the hazard of front seat collapse into the rear seat occupant area. The results of these tests further demonstrate the need for dynamic testing to assess total seat system performance and full occupant protection in rear impacts.
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