Journal articles on the topic 'Instruments'
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Pazmiño Villao, Alexandra Jacqueline, Amanda Abigail Villafuerte Fernández, Holguer Estuardo Romero Urréa, Nadia Bélgica Vaquero Gonzales, Edwin Rommel Llanos Oquendo, and Irene Camila Cherrez Paredes. "DIAGNÓSTICO DE ENFERMERÍA DEL ESTADO EMOCIONAL EN PACIENTES CON INSUFICIENCIA RENAL CRÓNICA DURANTE SU TRATAMIENTO." Más Vita 4, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 64–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.47606/acven/mv0100.
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Introducción: La insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC) provoca cambios bruscos en la vida del individuo, como el desarrollo de trastornos emocionales que pueden conllevar a cuadros de ansiedad, depresión y estrés; afectando su estado emocional. Objetivo: Validar los instrumentos para analizar la influencia de la hemodiálisis en el estado emocional. Materiales y métodos: La investigación fue de diseño transversal con análisis descriptivo no experimental, modalidad cuali-cuantitativo. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron diseñados y validados por juicio de expertos y analizados estadísticamente con alfa de Cronbach, se empleó una prueba piloto compuesta por 15 personas con insuficiencia renal crónica para la validación de los instrumentos. Resultados: El instrumento cuantitativo presentó un coeficiente de fiabilidad de 0.75 en alfa de Cronbach y el instrumento cualitativo de acuerdo a la rúbrica de los expertos obtuvo un promedio de confiabilidad de 96; por lo que los instrumentos son aprobados y pueden aplicarse con resultados confiables. Conclusión: Los instrumentos tienen una validez, pertinencia y coherencia, adecuados para trabajar en la recolección de datos para determinar el estado emocional de los pacientes sometidos a hemodiálisis. El estudio estableció las asociaciones entre las variables de acuerdo a las etapas de la enfermedad será la predisposición a trastornos del estado de ánimo. Los resultados obtenidos validan la utilidad científica y la efectividad de los instrumentos diseñados. SUMMARYIntroduction: Chronic renal failure (CRF) causes sudden changes in the individual's life, such as the development of emotional disorders that can lead to anxiety, depression and stress; affecting your emotional state. Objective: To validate the instruments to analyze the influence of hemodialysis on the emotional state. Materials and methods: The research was of a cross-sectional design with non-experimental descriptive analysis, qualitative-quantitative modality. The instruments used were designed and validated by expert judgment and statistically analyzed with Cronbach's alpha. A pilot test consisting of 15 people with chronic renal failure was used to validate the instruments. Results: The quantitative instrument presented a reliability coefficient of 0.75 in Cronbach's alpha and the qualitative instrument, according to the experts' rubric, obtained a reliability average of 96; so the instruments are approved and can be applied with reliable results. Conclusion: The instruments have validity, relevance and coherence, adequate to work on data collection to determine the emotional state of patients undergoing hemodialysis. The study established the associations between the variables according to the stages of the disease will be the predisposition to mood disorders. The results obtained validate the scientific usefulness and effectiveness of the instruments designed.
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Sanches, Rafaely De Cassia Nogueira, Thamires Fernandes Cardoso da Silva Rodrigues, Luana Cristina Bellini Cardoso, Fernanda Gatez Trevisan Santos, and Cremilde Aparecida Trindade Radovanovic. "Instrumentos de avaliação das competências do cuidador informal: revisão integrativa." Revista Recien - Revista Científica de Enfermagem 11, no. 35 (September 23, 2021): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24276/rrecien2021.11.35.365-372.
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Identificar os instrumentos de avaliação das competências do cuidador informal. Revisão integrativa, nas bases de dados Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Scopus e Web of Science. Foram selecionados os estudos que fizeram uso de instrumento de avaliação das competências e habilidades do cuidador informal no domicílio, publicados entre 2015 e 2019. Detectaram-se 914 artigos, dos quais 23 compuseram esta revisão. Verificou-se o uso de 50 instrumentos de avaliação dos cuidadores, que foram categorizados de acordo com a área temática de avaliação observada, sendo: sobrecarga, senso de competência e preparo para cuidar, saúde mental e qualidade de vida. Identificou-se três instrumentos de avaliação das competências e preparo para o cuidar, sendo apenas o Short Sense of Competence Questionnaire específico para cuidadores informais. Notou-se que nenhum instrumento foi capaz de avaliar todas as propriedades do cuidado de forma multidimensional.Descritores: Cuidadores, Inquéritos e Questionários, Avaliação de Programas, Instrumentos de Pesquisa. Instruments for assessing the skills of informal caregivers: an integrative reviewAbstract: To identify the instruments for assessing the skills of the informal caregiver. Integrative review, in the Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Studies that used an instrument to assess the skills and abilities of informal caregivers at home, published between 2015 and 2019, were selected. 914 articles were detected, of which 23 were part of this review. The use of 50 caregiver assessment instruments was found, which were categorized according to the thematic area of assessment observed, being: overload, sense of competence and preparation to care, mental health and quality of life. Three tools for assessing skills and preparing for care were identified, with only the Short Sense of Competence Questionnaire being specific for informal caregivers. It was noted that no instrument was able to evaluate all the properties of care in a multidimensional way.Descriptors: Caregivers, Surveys and Questionnaires, Program Evaluation, Research Instruments. Instrumentos para evaluación de las habilidades de los cuidadores informales: una revisión integradoraResumen: Identificar los instrumentos para evaluar las habilidades del cuidador informal. Revisión integradora, en las bases de datos Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Scopus y Web of Science. Se seleccionaron estudios que utilizaron un instrumento para evaluar las prácticas y habilidades de los cuidadores informales en el hogar, publicados entre 2015 y 2019. Se detectaron 914 artículos, de los cuales 23 integraron parte de esta revisión. Se encontró el uso de 50 instrumentos de evaluación del cuidador, los cuales se categorizaron según el área temática de evaluación observada, siendo: sobrecarga, sentido de competencia y preparación para el cuidado, salud mental y calidad de vida. Se identificaron tres herramientas para evaluar habilidades y prepararse para el cuidado, siendo solo el Short Sense of Competence Questionnaire específico para cuidadores informales. Se observó que ningún instrumento fue capaz de evaluar todas las propiedades del cuidado de forma multidimensional.Descriptores: Cuidadores, Encuestas y Cuestionarios, Evaluación de Programas, Instrumentos de Investigación.
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Chiba, Mitsuharu, Kazuyoshi Taniguchi, and Hiroshi Iwase. "Instrument for tuning musical instruments." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 88, no. 1 (July 1990): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.399838.
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Dack, John. "Instruments from an Instrument: Schaefferian ‘Instrumental Analysis’ and Berio'sSequenza Vfor Solo Trombone." Contemporary Music Review 32, no. 5 (October 2013): 437–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07494467.2013.849872.
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López Muñiz, Guillermo, Jose Carlos Jaenes Sánchez, Marta García Tascón, and Eloy López Meneses. "QUGRAFOR 2. Adaptación y revalidación de un cuestionario de nivel de formación de entrenadores de rugby (QUGRAFOR 2. Adaptation and revalidation of a training level questionnaire for rugby coaches)." Retos 53 (February 4, 2024): 196–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v53.101525.
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La literatura científica destaca la importancia de la formación de los entrenadores deportivos y, aunque existen diferentes instrumentos para medirla de forma general y específica, pocas investigaciones crean nuevos instrumentos para facilitar su cumplimentación y análisis posterior. En este estudio, partiendo de la validez y confiabilidad del instrumento QUGRAFOR©, se ha realizado un análisis factorial exploratorio sobre 256 cuestionarios, para la adaptación y revalidación del mismo. El análisis de las comunalidades y matriz de configuración, reduce el instrumento de ocho a cinco factores y de 109 a 31 ítems que explican una cantidad sustancial de la varianza del instrumento y muestran que los factores son robustos, discriminando adecuadamente entre ellos y existiendo correspondencia ítem-factor. La confiabilidad del instrumento se midió a través del índice de alfa de Cronbach manteniendo un valor bueno .89 (similar al original). Por tanto, los resultados obtenidos confirman la estructura multidimensional y la compatibilidad para otros deportes del nuevo instrumento QUGRAFOR 2. Palabras clave: Psicometría, Entrenador, Cuestionario, Deporte colectivo, Revalidación, Adaptación. Abstract. The scientific literature highlights the importance of the training of sports coaches and although there are different instruments to measure it in a general and specific way, few investigations create new instruments to facilitate their completion and subsequent analysis. In this study, based on the validity and reliability of the QUGRFOR© instrument, an exploratory factorial analysis has been carried out on 256 questionnaires, for its adaptation and revalidation. The analysis of the communalities and configuration matrix reduces the instrument from eight to five factors and from 109 to 31 items that explain a substantial amount of the variance of the instrument and show that the factors are robust, adequately discriminating between them and that there is item-factor correspondence. The reliability of the instrument was measured through Cronbach's alpha index, maintaining a good value of .89 (similar to the original). Therefore, the results obtained confirm the multidimensional structure and that it is compatible for other sports of the new instrument QUGRAFOR 2. Key words: Psychometry, Coach, questionnaire, Collective sport, Revalidation, Adaptation.
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Bender, Leah, and Christian Diller. "Business-Improvement Districts. Ein Beitrag der Evaluationsforschung zur Bilanz eines Instruments privatwirtschaftlich orientierter Stadtentwicklungspolitik." Zeitschrift für Evaluation 2023, no. 2 (October 2023): 275–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.31244/zfe.2023.02.05.
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Evaluationen haben in der Stadtentwicklungspolitik zwar eine gewisse Tradition. Evaluationen innovativer Instrumente, die vor allem auf der Initiative privater Akteur:innen vor Ort basieren, sind jedoch selten. Seit nunmehr fast zwei Jahrzehnten werden in Deutschland Erfahrungen mit dem aus Nordamerika übertragenen Instrument der Business-Improvement Districts (BID) gesammelt. Ziel des Artikels ist ein Beitrag der Evaluationsforschung zur Diskussion dieses Instruments. Die vergleichende Evaluation von zwei BIDs aus Hessen (Gießen und Offenbach) zeigt, dass dieses Instrument sehr voraussetzungsvoll ist. Es bedarf eines ausreichend großen engagierten Akteurskreises aus Einzelhändler:innen und Grundstückseigentümer:innen, der dann mit Hilfe dieses Instruments stabilisiert und erweitert werden kann. Für Innenstädte mit besonders großen Problemlagen erscheint dieses Instrument dagegen weniger geeignet. Erforderlich ist daher die Ergänzung durch konventionelle Instrumente staatlicher Stadtentwicklungspolitik. Diese differenzierte Bilanz des Instruments steht auch exemplarisch für die Grenzen einer auf private Aktivitäten ausgerichteten Stadtentwicklungspolitik.
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Bowlt, John, B. M. Galeev, S. M. Zorin, and R. F. Saifullin. "Sveto-Muzykalnye Instrumenty (Light-Musical Instruments)." Leonardo 23, no. 4 (1990): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1575358.
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Law, Mary. "Measurement in Occupational Therapy: Scientific Criteria for Evaluation." Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 54, no. 3 (June 1987): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000841748705400308.
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Measurement Instruments are used by occupational therapists to describe patients, predict recovery and evaluate immediate treatment effect within their clinical practice. An instrument's development and methodological properties are guided by the purpose of the instrument. In this paper, criteria are proposed for evaluating the utility of measurement tools used by occupational therapists. These criteria are discussed within the framework of the intended use of the instrument. The criteria include the instrument's purpose, clinical utility, construction and scaling, standardization, reliability, validity and responsiveness. An algorithm to guide therapists' appraisal of measurement instruments is included.
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Villafuerte Fernández, Amanda Abigail, Alexandra Jacqueline Pazmiño Villao, Holguer Estuardo Romero Urréa, María Beatriz Yuquilema-Cortez, and Javier Antonio Salas Alvarado. "VALIDACIÓN DE INSTRUMENTOS PARA EVALUAR LA CALIDAD DE VIDA DEL ADULTO MAYOR CON INSUFICIENCIA RENAL CRÓNICA." Más Vita 4, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.47606/acven/mv0101.
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Introducción: La insuficiencia renal crónica afecta a toda una población adulta e influye en su calidad de vida. En el Ecuador se reporta que más del 65% de pacientes con hipertensión y diabetes progresan con insuficiencia renal. Objetivo: Validar los instrumentos para evaluar la influencia de la hemodiálisis en la calidad de vida del adulto mayor con insuficiencia renal crónica, Unidad Dialysis Center. Materiales y métodos: La investigación tuvo un enfoque cuali-cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, descriptivo de corte transversal. Se realizó una prueba piloto con los instrumentos a validarse en una muestra conformada por 15 adultos mayores que se encuentran en tratamiento sustitutivo de hemodiálisis. Resultados: El instrumento cuantitativo o encuesta obtuvo un coeficiente de confiabilidad (Alfa de Cronbach) de 0.80 y la entrevista o instrumento cualitativo, una puntuación de 95 según la rúbrica de los expertos, por lo que los instrumentos fueron aprobados y es confiable su aplicación para responder a los objetivos planteados en la investigación. Conclusiones: Con los resultados obtenidos por el plan piloto realizado, se identifica una influencia considerable de la insuficiencia renal crónica en la calidad de vida, comprende repercusiones a nivel emocional desarrollando depresión. Los datos obtenidos validan la efectividad de los instrumentos para el estudio.
SUMMARYIntroduction: Chronic renal failure affects an entire adult population and influences their quality of life. In Ecuador it is reported that more than 65% of patients with hypertension and diabetes progress to kidney failure. Objective: To validate the instruments to evaluate the influence of hemodialysis on the quality of life of the elderly with chronic renal failure, Dialysis Center Unit. Materials and methods: The research had a qualitative-quantitative approach, non-experimental, descriptive cross-sectional design. A pilot test was carried out with the instruments to be validated in a sample made up of 15 older adults who are on hemodialysis replacement therapy. Results: The quantitative instrument or survey obtained a reliability coefficient (Cronbach's Alpha) of 0.80 and the interview or qualitative instrument, a score of 95 according to the experts' rubric, so the instruments were approved and their application is reliable for respond to the objectives set out in the research. Conclusions: With the results obtained by the pilot plan carried out, a considerable influence of chronic renal failure on quality of life is identified, including repercussions at an emotional level, developing depression. The data obtained validate the effectiveness of the instruments for the study.
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Kaselouris, Evaggelos, Makis Bakarezos, Michael Tatarakis, Nektarios A. Papadogiannis, and Vasilis Dimitriou. "A Review of Finite Element Studies in String Musical Instruments." Acoustics 4, no. 1 (February 23, 2022): 183–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/acoustics4010012.
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String instruments are complex mechanical vibrating systems, in terms of both structure and fluid–structure interaction. Here, a review study of the modeling and simulation of stringed musical instruments via the finite element method (FEM) is presented. The paper is focused on the methods capable of simulating (I) the soundboard behavior in bowed, plucked and hammered string musical instruments; (II) the assembled musical instrument box behavior in bowed and plucked instruments; (III) the fluid–structure interaction of assembled musical instruments; and (IV) the interaction of a musical instrument’s resonance box with the surrounding air. Due to the complexity and the high computational demands, a numerical model including all the parts and the full geometry of the instrument resonance box, the fluid–structure interaction and the interaction with the surrounding air has not yet been simulated.
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Da Silva Santos, Ellen Caroline, and Antonio Maurício Rodrigues Brasil. "Instrumentos de Avaliação de Rede e Apoio Social: uma Revisão Integrativa." Ensaios e Ciência C Biológicas Agrárias e da Saúde 25, no. 3 (September 29, 2021): 361–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2021v25n3p361-368.
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O presente estudo tem o objetivo de identificar na literatura os instrumentos utilizados para avaliação da rede e do apoio social. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, com pesquisa no Portal da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), por meio de descritores: “apoio social” e “rede social” e os termos chave “rede de apoio” e “instrumento”, o cruzamento dos descritores e dos termos chave foi realizado empregando o operador booleano “AND”. Foram inclusos dez artigos completos em português, publicados entre 2015-2019, que contemplavam os critérios de inclusão e a questão norteadora desta pesquisa. Foram identificados os seguintes instrumentos: questionário adaptado utilizado no estudo de Sant’ana e D’elboux, Medical Outcomes Study (MOS), Instrumento de Medida da Rede e Apoio Social, Modelo Calgary de Avaliação de Família (MCAF), Instrumento pré-elaborado com base no MCAF, entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação participante, com registro em diário de campo, utilizados por De Oliveira e colaboradores, Formulário adaptado utilizado por Marchetti, Próspero e Vendruscolo, Instrumento utilizado por Vilela, Arreguy-Sena e Pinto, Instrumento adaptado por Morais, Ribeiro e Paes, Instrumento sociodemográfico adaptado e estratégia de Situações Estruturadas de Investigação (SEI) e Entrevista semiestruturada do estudo de Borges e colaboradores. A avaliação da rede e do apoio social é importante para o profissional da saúde identificar elementos que podem participar do processo de cuidado do paciente, incluir fatores protetores, aumentar adesão ao tratamento e fornecer um cuidado integral, centrado no paciente e em sua rede, com a criação de planos terapêuticos específicos sendo, dessa forma, necessária a identificação de instrumentos de avaliação. Palavras-chave: Apoio Social. Rede Social. Rede de Apoio. Abstract This study aims to identify in the literature the instruments used to evaluate the network and social support. This is an integrative review, with research on the Virtual Health Library (VHL) Portal, using the keywords "social support" and "social network" and the key terms "support network" and "instrument", the crossing descriptors and key terms were performed using the Boolean operator “AND”. 10 full articles in Portuguese, published between 2015-2019, were included, which included the inclusion criteria and the guiding question of this research. The following instruments were identified: Adapted questionnaire used in the study of Sant'ana and D'elboux, Medical Outcomes Study (MOS), Network Measurement and Social Support Instrument, Calgary Family Assessment Model (MCAF), pre-elaborated instrument based on the MCAF, semi-structured interviews and participant observation, recorded in a field diary, used by De Oliveira and collaborators, Form adapted used by Marchetti, Próspero and Vendruscolo, Instrument used by Vilela, Arreguy-Sena and Pinto, Instrument adapted by Morais, Ribeiro e Paes, Adapted sociodemographic instrument and Structured Investigative Situations (SEI) strategy and Semi-structured interview in the study by Borges and collaborators. The evaluation of the network and social support is important for the health professional to identify elements that can participate in the patient care process, include protective factors, increase adherence to treatment and provide comprehensive care, centered on the patient and his or her network, with the creation of specific therapeutic plans, thus requiring the identification of assessment instruments. Keywords: Social Support. Social Network. Support Network.
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Mičić, Nataša. "Instrumenti Međunarodnog Platnog Prometa - Bankarske Garancije/ Instruments of Payment - Bank Guarantees." ECONOMICS 3, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 89–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eoik-2015-0020.
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Rezime U izvršenju spoljnotrgovinskih plaćanja postoje mogućnosti upotrebe širokog spektra instrumenata. Svaki od njih ima svoje specifičnosti na koje ćemo ukazati. Ubjedljivo najviše korišćeni instrument međunarodnih plaćanja je dokumentarni akreditiv. Pored akreditiva i „tradicionalniih“ instrumenata plaćanja - čeka i mjenice, u spoljnotrgovinskom poslu postoji i mogućnost plaćanja bankarskim doznakama, što se uglavnom koristi za avansna plaćanja (plaćanja unaprijed, pre prijema robe), što nosi određene rizike za kupca. Postoji i mogućnosti dokumentarne naplate - tzv. dokumentarni inkaso. Kod tog instrumenta je obnut red poteza od doznačavanja sredstava unaprijed. To nosi rizik za prodavca koji šalje robu unaprijred, a posebno šalje dokumenta na naplatu, a ona se naplate kada se kupac saglasi. Instrumenti platnog prometa su predmet ovog rada.
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Boland, Vanessa, Amanda Drury, and Anne-Marie Brady. "Content comparison of unmet needs self-report measures for lymphoma cancer survivors: A systematic review." PLOS ONE 18, no. 12 (December 15, 2023): e0290729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290729.
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Purpose The increasing recognition of the complex impacts of a cancer diagnosis and its treatment has led to efforts to develop instruments to reflect survivors’ needs accurately. However, evidence regarding the content and quality of instruments used to evaluate the unmet needs of lymphoma survivors is lacking. This review aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties and comprehensiveness of available self-report instruments to assess unmet needs and quality of life with adult lymphoma survivors. Methods A systematic search of five databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, Medline, PsycInfo and Scopus) was conducted to identify instruments measuring unmet needs or quality of life outcomes. Original articles reporting the instrument’s validation or development via citation screening were retrieved and screened against eligibility criteria. An appraisal of the instrument’s measurement properties was conducted, guided by the COSMIN methodology and reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. A content comparison using the Supportive Care in Cancer Framework was performed. Results Twelve instruments met the inclusion criteria; only one was explicitly developed for lymphoma (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Lymphoma). Four instruments focused on the construct of need, and eight focused on quality of life. The psychometric data in the published literature is not comprehensive; there is heterogeneity in their development, content and quality. No included instrument was examined for all COSMIN measurement properties, and methodological quality was variable; all instruments measured at least four domains of need. The emotional domain was reviewed by all instruments (n = 12), and the spiritual and informational domains received the least focus (n = 4 each). Conclusion This review provides a platform for instrument comparison, with suggestions for important factors to consider in systematically selecting unmet needs and quality of life self-report measures for adult lymphoma survivors. Considering the various discrepancies and limitations of the available instruments, using more than one instrument is recommended. In selecting measurement instruments, researchers should consider research objectives, study design, psychometric properties and the pros and cons of using more than one measure. Evaluating the participant burden and feasibility of completing the selected instrument is important for lymphoma survivors, a group burdened by cancer-related fatigue and cognitive impairment.
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Stuhler-Bauer, Angela, and Ulrich Elbing. "Die phänomenologische Bilderfassung: Ein kunsttherapeutisches Instrument." Musik-, Tanz- und Kunsttherapie 14, no. 1 (January 2003): 32–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026//0933-6885.14.1.32.
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Zusammenfassung. Dieser Artikel stellt ein kunsttherapeutisches Instrument zur Bildbeschreibung auf phänomenologischer Basis vor. Das methodische Vorgehen in der Entwicklung und in der Handhabung des Instruments geht vom Begriff des ästhetischen Zustands aus, der in den Rahmen des phänomenologischen Erkenntniszugangs eingebettet wird. Die einzelnen Beschreibungskriterien des Instruments werden aus diesem Hintergrund hergeleitet und begründet. Die Erarbeitung dieses Instruments durch Stuhler-Bauer (2001) ist Bestandteil einer Forschungsstrategie zur Entwicklung valider Instrumente kunsttherapeutischer Bilderfassung, die einleitend kurz vorgestellt wird.
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Andersen, Kristina, and Dan Gibson. "The Instrument as the Source of New in New Music." Design Issues 33, no. 3 (July 2017): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/desi_a_00450.
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How can we treat technological matter as yet another material from which our notions of possible future instruments can be constructed, intrinsically intertwined with, and informed by a practice of performance? We strive to develop musical-performance instruments not only by creating technology, but also in developing them as aesthetic and cultural objects. A musical instrument is not an interface and should not be designed as such; instead, new instruments are the source of new in new music. Like any traditional instrument, a new instrument's potential for producing quality musical sound can only be revealed when it is played. We present an instrument-design process conducted by a visionary and an agenda-setting musician. The resulting objects are experimental prototypes of technological matter, which allow analysis and meaning to be specified through physical and tactile interaction with the objects themselves. As the instruments evolve through various stages, their capability is continually enhanced, making them all the more desirable for musicians to play.
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Tari, Lujza. "Women, Musical Instruments and Instrumental Music." Studia Musicologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 40, no. 1/3 (1999): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/902555.
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Ogli, Yuldashev Gayratjon Nematjon, and Abdulahadov Azimjon Karimjon Ogli. "Uzbek instrumental instruments and their types." Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities 12, no. 3 (2022): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7315.2022.00112.5.
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Wachter, R. "Instrumental Response Function for Filtergraph Instruments." Solar Physics 251, no. 1-2 (May 30, 2008): 491–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11207-008-9197-5.
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Staiger, Douglas, and James H. Stock. "Instrumental Variables Regression with Weak Instruments." Econometrica 65, no. 3 (May 1997): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2171753.
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Endrass, J., and A. Rossegger. "Calibration of Forensic Risk Assessment Instruments." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70383-9.
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Risk assessment instruments have been the subject of validation studies which have primarily investigated the properties known from psychometrics (objectivity, reliability and validity). Validation of forensic risk assessment instruments is confronted with a whole row of methodical challenges, which differ considerably from the topics addressed in psychological test development. Risk assessments instruments state the probability of a particular offense to occur. To disregard the probabilistic nature of risk calculations leads to methodically faulty assumptions on the predictive validity of an instrument. Furthermore, test developers will use questionable statistical methods to assess the validity of the instruments such as ROC analyses. This analysis strategy is considered to be state of the art even though this method does not take into account the probabilistic nature of prognoses. Its results can thus be interpreted only to a limited degree. ROC analyses for example disregard certain aspects of an instrument’s calibration, which might lead in an instrument’s validation to high ROC values while demonstrating only low validity.
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Trauner, Florian, and Sarah Wolff. "The Negotiation and Contestation of EU Migration Policy Instruments: A Research Framework." European Journal of Migration and Law 16, no. 1 (February 24, 2014): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-00002046.
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Abstract This article develops a research framework for the analysis of the politics of migration policy instruments. Policy instruments are seen as living instruments; they evolve and develop similar to moving targets. A scholar interested in this field of research may focus either on the establishment of a given instrument or on its use. The question of an instrument’s design relates to the policy transfer literature focusing on how certain policies move from one setting to another. In the context of a policy transfer, actors from the other – ‘receiving’ – institutional setting negotiate and, potentially, contest or reinterpret a policy instrument. The evolution of policy instruments once adopted in a specific institutional context is a second area of interest. The original goals can be diluted throughout the implementation process notably due to tensions between intergovernmental and supranational actors, or sticky institutionalization, which is characterized by path-dependencies. Often the choice of new instruments derives from an inefficiency or loss of credibility of past instruments. This editorial therefore seeks to make a twofold contribution: first it investigates the added-value of a policy instrument approach to the study of migration; second it furthers research on the external dimension of EU migration policy.
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Borschmann, R., J. Hogg, R. Phillips, and P. Moran. "Measuring self-harm in adults: A systematic review." European Psychiatry 27, no. 3 (April 2012): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2011.04.005.
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AbstractPurposeTo identify from the literature, and to critically evaluate, all validated instruments currently available to measure self-harming behaviour in adults.Materials and methodsMedline, Embase, PsycInfo, Health and Psychosocial Instruments and Google scholar were searched, grey literature was sought and the reference lists of relevant articles were checked to identify instruments.ResultsA total of seven validated instruments which met our inclusion criteria were identified and data were extracted regarding each instrument's format, administration method, psychometric properties and number of items and domains included. Considerable variation was observed in the overall quality of these instruments. Fourteen other instruments were identified which did not describe their psychometric properties or had not been published and were subsequently excluded from our review.DiscussionAlthough many instruments were identified in our search, only a small number had been validated with published psychometric properties. Of the identified instruments, the Suicide Attempt Self-Injury Interview (SASII) appears to be the most robust and comprehensive instrument currently available. Despite the absence of psychometric data, numerous other instruments have been used in published studies, including clinical trials.ConclusionOur results highlight the pressing need for a standardized, empirically validated and versatile measure of intentional self-harming behaviour for use in both clinical and research settings. The optimum characteristics of such an instrument are discussed.
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Schubert, Emery. "Which Nonvocal Musical Instrument Sounds Like the Human Voice? An Empirical Investigation." Empirical Studies of the Arts 37, no. 1 (March 28, 2018): 92–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0276237418763657.
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Nonvocal musical instruments like the oboe, cello, and violin, have been described as resembling the human voice. However, much of the evidence is based on historical reports and hearsay. In this study, 174 participants rated instruments according to how much they sounded like the human voice. Analysis revealed that no nonvocal instrument was rated as being voicelike, with moderate mean ratings for the clarinet, oboe, violin, and cello. The violin was rated as statistically more voicelike than the trumpet. Voicelikeness was statistically higher for the instrument which the individual played or an instrument which the individual valued. Monophonic instruments such as the clarinet were also rated as overall more voicelike than those which typically could sound several parts at the same time such as the piano. Referring to an instrument as voicelike may be better thought of as a defacto for the instrument’s (and player’s) expressive capabilities.
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Woebkenberg, Mary Lynn, and John Palassis. "Instrument Performance Criteria Portable Photoionization Detector Instruments." Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 12, no. 8 (August 1997): 528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1047322x.1997.10390041.
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Brauchler, Alexander, Pascal Ziegler, and Peter Eberhard. "Material variability compensation in a finite element model of a classical guitar by appropriate geometry modifications." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3_supplement (March 1, 2023): A198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0018644.
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The sound of some old master instruments like the Stradivari violins or the Torres guitars is still unrivaled for many musicians. The common practice among instrument makers is to copy these instruments by building instruments with the same geometry as the original. However, audible differences between these copies and the original instruments are unavoidable, mainly due to the natural variability of the wood characteristics. A suitable measure to objectively characterize an instrument's sound is evaluating its modal parameters. Our project aims to develop a methodology to design copies of the old master instruments that match these modal parameters of the original instruments instead of copying their geometry. After showing that such an approach is appropriate for an individual guitar soundboard in a recent publication, we now present a parameter study to find suitable geometric modifications on an entire guitar to compensate for the natural material variation. Therefore, this study is based on a detailed finite-element model that shall predict the effect of suitable geometry alterations on the instrument's modal parameters and suited optimization techniques. Geometric modifications like the shape of the braces, the thickness of the fretboard, and the thickness of the plates are taken into account.
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Caudle, Abigail Suzanne, Jason B. Fleming, Brian M. Garcia, Marina Lozano, Darryl Rigby, Rita Manuel-Byrd, Lisa McMillian, et al. "Optimizing surgical instrument sets for cases involving breast and plastic surgeons." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 7_suppl (March 1, 2016): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.7_suppl.33.
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33 Background: Processing operative instrumemt sets is a major cost for surgical cancer care. Optimizing standard sets requires availability of instruments reflecting varied surgeon preferences while minimizing unnecessary instruments. Additionally, increasing utilization of oncoplastic reconstruction after mastectomy and lumpectomy requiring breast and plastic surgery sets further expands the number of instruments required. The goal of our study was to optimize standard sets used for cases combining breast and plastic surgeons and to determine cost savings Methods: Baseline data was recorded over a 2 week period (13 cases) including number of instruments available and number unused for non- flap breast-plastics combo (BPC) cases. An independent observer timed instrument set-up times. 22 breast and 14 plastic surgeons were polled for their requested instruments for designated cases. A BPC set was designed based on this data and reviewed with surgeons to update preference cards. After a 6 week implamentation/education period, repeat data was recorded (18 cases). Cost of instrument processing was based on labor and supply cost of $0.22/instrument. Results: Two breast surgery sets (65 and 97 instruments) and one plastics set ( 93 instruments) were used at baseline. The median number of available instrumeets was 172.5/case, with median 126.5 instruments unused. A mean of 3.8 separately packaged instruments were required per case with mean set-up time of 4m46s. The new BPC set contains 103 instruments. A median of 106.5 instruments were available after implementation. The median number of unused was reduced by 53% to 59.5, with a drop in number of separately processed instruments to 2.5. Mean set-up time was reduced to 2m16s. Reducing the size of of standard sets reduced processing costs by $12.10 or $19.14/case (depending on the breast set used for comparison). Combining sets resulted in an additional cost savings of $6.56/case by reducing extra packaging costs. Conclusions: combining breast and plastic sets and eliminating unnecessary instruments resulted in cost savings of $18.66-$25.70/case. It also reduced OR instrument set-up time by 2.5 minutes/case which has significant impact at high volume centers.
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Casal, Corrine S., Ann Lei, Sera L. Young, and Emily L. Tuthill. "A Critical Review of Instruments Measuring Breastfeeding Attitudes, Knowledge, and Social Support." Journal of Human Lactation 33, no. 1 (December 15, 2016): 21–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890334416677029.
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Background: Breastfeeding provides beneficial health outcomes for infants and their mothers, and increasing its practice is a national priority in many countries. Despite increasing support to exclusively breastfeed, the prevalence at 6 months remains low. Breastfeeding behavior is influenced by a myriad of determinants, including breastfeeding attitudes, knowledge, and social support. Effective measurement of these determinants is critical to provide optimal support for women throughout the breastfeeding period. However, there are a multitude of available instruments measuring these constructs, which makes identification of an appropriate instrument challenging. Research aim: Our aim was to identify and critically examine the existing instruments measuring breastfeeding attitudes, knowledge, and social support. Methods: A total of 16 instruments was identified. Each instrument’s purpose, theoretical underpinnings, and validity were analyzed. Results: An overview, validation and adaptation for use in other settings was assessed for each instrument. Depth of reporting and validation testing differed greatly between instruments. Conclusion: Content, construct, and predictive validity were present for most but not all scales. When selecting and adapting instruments, attention should be paid to domains within the scale, number of items, and adaptation.
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Traldi, Cesar Adriano. "Exploração tímbrica em composição para tímpanos solo." ouvirOUver 13, no. 1 (May 25, 2017): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ouv20-v13n1a2017-14.
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Apesar de ser o instrumento de percussão mais utilizado no repertório orquestral, os tímpanos foram pouco explorados como instrumento solista até a metade do século XX. A evolução na construção e performance dos tímpanos e o surgimento de novas correntes composicionais no século XX tornaram possível explorações sonoras inovadoras nesse instrumento. Nesse artigo apresentamos uma composição para tímpanos solo onde a exploração tímbrica foi utilizada como principal elemento composicional. As possibilidades aqui descritas demonstram o grande potencial sonoro desse instrumento e a importância da pesquisa sonora no processo composicional para instrumentos de percussão.
ABSTRACT
Despite being the most used percussion instrument in the orchestral repertoire, the timpani were little explored as a solo instrument until the mid-twentieth century. Developments in the construction and performance of the timpani and the emergence of new compositional movements in the twentieth century made possible innovative sound holdings in this instrument. In this paper we present a timpani solo composition where timbral exploration was used as the main compositional element. The possibilities described here demonstrate the great sound potential of this instrument and the importance of sound research in the compositional process for percussion instruments.
KEYWORDS
Tímpani, timbral exploration, extended technique.
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Munck, Jan Christoph, Alexander Tkotz, Sven Heidenreich, and Andreas Wald. "The performance effects of management control instruments in different stages of new product development." Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change 16, no. 2 (June 26, 2020): 259–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jaoc-09-2019-0101.
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Purpose The study builds on existing research in management control (MC) and innovation management. The purpose of this study is to identify patterns in the application of MC instruments which contribute to successful innovation. The application of MC instruments can reduce potential risks and make the new product development (NPD) process more transparent and efficient. Design/methodology/approach The authors use dyadic data to determine the effect of 58 MC instruments on NPD process stage-specific performance and subsequent innovation and firm success. To provide empirical evidence of each MC instrument’s effectiveness, three importance-performance matrix analyses were conducted that assess the impact of each MC instrument. Findings The authors identify patterns in the application of MC instruments which contribute to successful innovation activities and the authors determine the impact of MC instruments on NPD performance, innovation performance and firm performance in different stages of the NPD process. Practical implications The authors provide knowledge that can be used by managers to review their actual application of MC in the NPD process and to select their instrument set. Originality/value The authors contribute to the MC literature by examining data from a cross-industry study on the effects of MC instruments during the NPD process. The authors include a comprehensive set of MC instruments and show how their effect changes between the different stages of the NPD process.
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Gessner, Samuel. "The Use of Printed Images for Instrument-Making at the Arsenius Workshop." Early Science and Medicine 18, no. 1-2 (2013): 124–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733823-0005a0005.
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Mathematical instruments in the early-modern period lay at the intersection of various knowledge traditions, both practical and scholarly. Scholars treated instrument-related questions in their works, while instrument makers and mathematical practitioners also put much energy into producing instrument books. Assessing the role of that literature in the exchange of knowledge between the different traditions is a complex task. Did it directly influence workshop practice? Here, I will examine instruments from a famous Louvain workshop ca. 1570, focussing on the role of printed images. I will suggest that woodcuts did indeed inspire instrument makers; that images were sometimes more important than the text; and that the viewer’s appreciation of the images depended upon his familiarity with an instrument’s mathematical structure.
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DeLand, M. T., S. L. Taylor, L. K. Huang, and B. L. Fisher. "Calibration of the SBUV version 8.6 ozone data product." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 5, no. 4 (July 25, 2012): 5151–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-5-5151-2012.
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Abstract. This paper describes the calibration process for the Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SBUV) Version 8.6 (V8.6) ozone data product. Eight SBUV instruments have flown on NASA and NOAA satellites since 1970, and a continuous data record is available since November 1978. The accuracy of ozone trends determined from these data depends on the calibration and long-term characterization of each instrument. V8.6 calibration adjustments are determined at the radiance level, and do not rely on comparison of retrieved ozone products with other instruments. The primary SBUV instrument characterization is based on prelaunch laboratory tests and dedicated on-orbit calibration measurements. We supplement these results with "soft" calibration techniques using carefully chosen subsets of radiance data and information from the retrieval algorithm output to validate each instrument's calibration. The estimated long-term uncertainty in albedo is approximately ±0.8–1.2% (1σ) for most of the instruments. The overlap between these instruments and the Shuttle SBUV (SSBUV) data allows us to intercalibrate the SBUV instruments to produce a coherent V8.6 data set covering more than 32 yr. The estimated long-term uncertainty in albedo is less than 3% over this period.
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DeLand, M. T., S. L. Taylor, L. K. Huang, and B. L. Fisher. "Calibration of the SBUV version 8.6 ozone data product." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 5, no. 11 (November 29, 2012): 2951–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-5-2951-2012.
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Abstract. This paper describes the calibration process for the Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SBUV) Version 8.6 (V8.6) ozone data product. Eight SBUV instruments have flown on NASA and NOAA satellites since 1970, and a continuous data record is available since November 1978. The accuracy of ozone trends determined from these data depends on the calibration and long-term characterization of each instrument. V8.6 calibration adjustments are determined at the radiance level, and do not rely on comparison of retrieved ozone products with other instruments. The primary SBUV instrument characterization is based on prelaunch laboratory tests and dedicated on-orbit calibration measurements. We supplement these results with "soft" calibration techniques using carefully chosen subsets of radiance data and information from the retrieval algorithm output to validate each instrument's calibration. The estimated long-term uncertainty in albedo is approximately ±0.8–1.2% (1σ) for most of the instruments. The overlap between these instruments and the Shuttle SBUV (SSBUV) data allows us to intercalibrate the SBUV instruments to produce a coherent V8.6 data set covering more than 32 yr. The estimated long-term uncertainty in albedo is less than 3% over this period.
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Deni Hidza Maulana and Muchlas Suseno. "DESIGNING ICT COMPETENCES-INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENTS OF LISTENING (DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT STUDY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENTS)." IJLECR - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE EDUCATION AND CULTURE REVIEW 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/ijlecr.051.04.
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The potential of ICT is to have access to the technology that simplify the education The integration of ICT competence into assessment instruments in fact asset to compete what has not yet been covered by the existing assessment instrument’s standards in language learning. This research adapted Design and Development Research (DDR). The model of Design and Development Research (DDR) used Richey and Klein (2007) model. The used of DDR stages are analyzing, Designing. Prototype and Evaluation. The design of the ICT competences-integrated assessment instrument of Listening Course through the process of analyzing existing assessment instruments of English Language Study Program from five different universities in Indonesia. An analysis was also conducted the ICT Competences-based English assessment instrument. The result of this research first, found that the ICT competences are mostly integrated in the test instrument components. For the ICT tools in the existing test instrument mostly used computer, laptop, speaker and word processing software. UNESCO competence in the existing test instrument mostly integrated implicitly and explicitly in technology literacy. Second, found the model and procedure of integrating ICT competences into table of specification that commonly used. Third, found the integration of ICT into test instrument component can be applied by infusing the ICT indicator into the table of specification. Fourth, found designing ICT competences-integrated assessment instruments of listening courses used the cloze-test, note taking and multiple choice for the type of listening test instrument.
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Cruz, Daniel Marinho Cezar da, Daniela Da Silva Rodrigues, and Luciana Gaelzer Wertheimer. "Reflexões sobre o uso de instrumentos de avaliação na Terapia Ocupacional no Brasil / Reflexions about the use of instruments of evaluation in Occupational Therapy in Brazil." Revista Interinstitucional Brasileira de Terapia Ocupacional - REVISBRATO 5, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.47222/2526-3544.rbto35973.
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Este editorial tem por objetivo refletir sobre a utilização de instrumentos de avaliação na terapia ocupacional brasileira. O uso de instrumentos padronizados na profissão pode contribuir para o processo terapêutico-ocupacional, auxiliando na avaliação, planejamento e na reavaliação de uma intervenção. Tais dados coletados a partir das escalas podem ser usados para produzir conhecimento científico e favorecer evidências. Os instrumentos apresentam seus constructos associados a uma ou mais teorias que os embasam, devendo os terapeutas ocupacionais buscar o conhecimento sobre a teoria que os fundamentam. Destacamos neste texto onze escalas de avaliação específicas, as quais se encontram disponíveis no Brasil, para uso na prática ou na pesquisa. Compreender as razões para a utilização dos instrumentos são aspectos essenciais a fim de que o terapeuta ocupacional escolha uma determinada escala de avaliação, sobretudo, para que se tenha uma condução coerente no processo de intervenção ou no desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa. A identificação dos profissionais que tenham “expertise” sobre o instrumento pode auxiliar no conhecimento aprofundado em relação aos pressupostos teóricos e práticos advindos, por exemplo, dos modelos, teorias ou disciplinas que se relacionam a esses instrumentos. Para tanto, é essencial que se estabeleça um processo de educação permanente ou continuada, com supervisões clínicas por especialistas, grupos de estudo, cursos de capacitação e de formação nos Modelos, ou nas teorias e disciplinas que estudem a ocupação, a atividade ou qualquer que seja o constructo em questão avaliado pelo instrumento. Abstract This editorial aim to reflect on the use of standardized instruments in Brazilian Occupational Therapy. The use of standardized instruments in the profession can contribute to the occupational therapeutic process, support the assessment, plan, and reassess an intervention. These data collected from the tool can be used to generate scientific knowledge and evidence. The instruments presented its constructs associated with one or more theories that support them, and occupational therapists should seek to know about a theory related to those instruments. We highlight in this opinion piece eleven specific instruments of Occupational Therapy available in Brazil, for use in practice or research. Understanding the reasons for the use of an instrument is fundamental for an occupational therapist in order to decide what kind of evaluation is more appropriated and to carry out an intervention or to conduct research. For this reason, it is important to identify key professionals who have “experience” about the instrument because they can help in-depth knowledge in relation to theoretical and practical assumptions, such as examples, models, theories, or disciplines that are related to the instrument. To conclude, it is essential to establish a process of continued education, with supervision by clinicians, specialists, study groups, training courses on models, theories, and disciplines that study, i.e., activity or occupation, or any other construct measured by an instrument.Keywords: Cccupations. Evaluation of results of therapeutic interventions. Knowledge. Evidencebased practice. Occupational therapy.Resumen El objetivo de este editorial es reflexionar sobre la utilización de instrumentos de evaluación en la Terapia Ocupacional brasileña. El uso de instrumentos estandardizados en la profesión puede contribuir para el processo terapêutico ocupacional, ayudando en la evaluación, planificación y reevaluación de una intervención. Dichos datos recolectados, a partir de las escalas, pueden ser utilizados para producir conocimientos científico y favorecer evidencias. Los instrumentos presentan sus constructos asociados a una o mas teorías que los enmarcan, necesitando a los terapeutas ocupacionales para buscar el conocimientos sobre las teorías que los fundamentan. Resaltamos en este texto once escalas de evaluaciones especificas, que están disponibles en Brasil, para el uso en la práctica o en investigaciones. Comprender las razones para la utilización de los instrumentos son aspectos esenciales a fin de que el terapeuta ocupacional elija una determinada escala de evaluación, sobretodo, para que se desarrolle una conducta coherente en el proceso de investigación o en el de una investigación. La identificación de los profisinales que tengan “experticia” sobre el instrumento, puede ayudar a los terapeutas ocupacionales en profundización del conocimiento en relación a los supuestos teóricos y prácticos que surgen, por exemplo, de los modelos, teorias o disciplinas que se relacionan con estos instrumentos. Por tanto, es esencial que ocurra un proceso de educación permanente o continuada, con supervisiones clínicas realizadas por especialistas, grupos de estudio, cursos de capacitaciones y de formación en los modelos, o en las teorías y disciplinas que estudien la ocupación, la actividad o cualquiera que sea el constructo en cuestión que evalúe el instrumento.Palabras clave: Ocupaciones. Evaluación de resultados de intervenciones terapéuticas. Conocimiento. Práctica clínica basada en la evidencia. Terapia ocupacional.
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Luzon Orozco, Karen Luisana, and Holguer Estuardo Romero Urréa. "Validación de instrumentos para medir los factores sociales que intervienen en la falta de control prenatal de embarazadas adolescentes." Más Vita 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 231–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.47606/acven/mv0157.
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Introducción: Las adolescentes embarazadas pertenecen a un grupo vulnerable de la sociedad, debido a la inmadurez emocional y biológica que representan. La falta de asistencia a las citas de controles prenatales aumentan el riesgo, tanto para la madre como para él bebe, ocasionando complicaciones en el parto y en la evolución post parto. Objetivo: Validar los instrumentos cuantitativo y cualitativo que nos permitirán identificar los factores sociales que intervienen en la falta de control prenatal de embarazadas adolescentes. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de diseño no experimental u observacional, de enfoque cuali-cuantitativo, descriptivo, prospectivo de corte transversal. En ambos instrumentos se aplicó como criterio de validación el juicio de expertos. Para ello, se realizó un cuestionario que fue aplicado mediante la técnica de la encuesta a 30 embarazadas. Resultados: El instrumento cualitativo arrojo un promedio de confiabilidad total de sus tres categorías de 89,87 lo que coloca en la categoría de muy confiable y en el instrumento cuantitativo se obtuvo un promedio de confiabilidad de 90,84 lo que señala que se encuentra ubicado dentro de la categoría de muy confiable. Conclusión: Los instrumentos son confiables y válidos para medir la variable independiente y su correlación con la variable dependiente, evidenciando el cumplimiento de la hipótesis general de esta investigación. SUMMARYIntroduction: Pregnant adolescents belong to a vulnerable group of the society, due to the emotional and biological immaturity they represent. lack of Attendance at prenatal appointments increases the risk, both for the mother and for him baby, causing complications in childbirth and postpartum evolution Objective: Validate the quantitative and qualitative instruments that will allow us to identify The social factors that intervene in the lack of prenatal control of pregnant women teenagers. Materials and Methods: Study of non-experimental or observational design, qualitative-quantitative, descriptive, prospective cross-sectional approach. In both instruments, expert judgment was applied as a validation criterion. For this, it was carried out a questionnaire that was applied through the survey technique to 30 pregnant women. Results: The qualitative instrument yielded an average of total reliability of its three categories of 89.87 which places it in the category of very reliable and in the instrument quantitatively, a reliability average of 90.84 was obtained, which indicates that falls into the very reliable category. Conclusion: The Instruments are reliable and valid to measure the independent variable and its correlation with the dependent variable, evidencing compliance with the general hypothesis of this research.
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Mogstad, M., and M. Wiswall. "Instrumental variables estimation with partially missing instruments." Economics Letters 114, no. 2 (February 2012): 186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2011.10.013.
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Rufino, Brandon, Ajmal Khan, Tilak Dutta, and Elaine Biddiss. "Musical instrument classifier for early childhood percussion instruments." PLOS ONE 19, no. 4 (April 2, 2024): e0299888. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299888.
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While the musical instrument classification task is well-studied, there remains a gap in identifying non-pitched percussion instruments which have greater overlaps in frequency bands and variation in sound quality and play style than pitched instruments. In this paper, we present a musical instrument classifier for detecting tambourines, maracas and castanets, instruments that are often used in early childhood music education. We generated a dataset with diverse instruments (e.g., brand, materials, construction) played in different locations with varying background noise and play styles. We conducted sensitivity analyses to optimize feature selection, windowing time, and model selection. We deployed and evaluated our best model in a mixed reality music application with 12 families in a home setting. Our dataset was comprised of over 369,000 samples recorded in-lab and 35,361 samples recorded with families in a home setting. We observed the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) model to perform best using an approximate 93 ms window with only 12 mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) and signal entropy. Our best LGBM model was observed to perform with over 84% accuracy across all three instrument families in-lab and over 73% accuracy when deployed to the home. To our knowledge, the dataset compiled of 369,000 samples of non-pitched instruments is first of its kind. This work also suggests that a low feature space is sufficient for the recognition of non-pitched instruments. Lastly, real-world deployment and testing of the algorithms created with participants of diverse physical and cognitive abilities was also an important contribution towards more inclusive design practices. This paper lays the technological groundwork for a mixed reality music application that can detect children’s use of non-pitched, percussion instruments to support early childhood music education and play.
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Rezapour, Mahdi, Kelly Cuccolo, Cristopher Veenstra, and F. Richard Ferraro. "An Item Response Theory to Analyze the Psychological Impacts of Rail-Transport Delay." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 20, 2021): 6935. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126935.
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Questionnaire instruments have been used extensively by researchers in the literature review for evaluation of various aspects of public transportation. Important implications have been derived from those instruments to improve various aspects of the transport. However, it is important that instruments, which are designed to measure various stimuli, meet criteria of reliability to reflect a real impact of the stressors. Particularly, given the diverse range of commuter characteristics considered in this study, it is necessary to ensure that instruments are reliable and accurate. This can be achieved by finding the relationship between the item’s properties and the underlying unobserved trait, being measured. The item response theory (IRT) refers to measurement of an instrument’s reliability by examining the relationship between the unobserved trait and various observed items. In this study, to determine if our instrument suffers from any potentially associated problems, the IRT analysis was conducted. The analysis was employed based on the graded response model (GRM) due to the ordinal nature of the data. Various aspects of the instruments, such as discriminability and informativity of the items were tested. For instance, it was found while the classical test theory (CTT) confirm the reliability of the instrument, IRT highlight some concerns regarding the instrument. Also, the person fit assessment measure, for instance, highlights some concern regarding respondents answering some of the questions due to lack of interest, choosing answers randomly. Not many studies have examined instruments’ reliability in determining the psychological impacts of public transportation on commuters in the way that was performed here.
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Halty, Amaia, and Ana Berástegui. "Medidas observacionales para evaluar la responsividad parental: una revisión sistemática." Anales de Psicología 37, no. 3 (August 11, 2021): 516–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.414821.
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Objetivo: Este estudio pretende identificar y analizar las medidas observacionales para evaluar el constructo de responsividad parental, con especial atención en los componentes que se evalúan, en las características de aplicación y en los criterios de uso. Método: Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura de todos los instrumentos publicados a través de las bases de datos de PsychINFO y Google Scholar. Dos investigadoras independientes evaluaron la elegibilidad de todos los instrumentos, extrajeron los datos y evaluaron sus características. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 33 instrumentos. Los componentes evaluados son diversos y más del 50% evalúan también otros constructos. La mayoría son de enfoque positivo, más de la mitad se codifican a través de vídeo y el tiempo destinado a la evaluación es muy variable, desde menos de 5 minutos a más de una hora. Algo menos de la mitad solicita realizar tareas concretas y todos ellos requieren formación específica para su uso. Discusión: Existe una gran oferta de instrumentos para evaluar la responsividad parental. Esta revisión ofrece claves que facilitan la elección del instrumento más adecuado a cada necesidad profesional o de investigación. Objective: The aim of this research is to identify and analyze the observational measures for the assessment of parental responsiveness construct, with a focus on the components that are evaluated, the characteristics of the implementation and the criteria of use. Method: A systematic review was carried out to identify all instruments published through PsychINFO and Google Scholar databases. Two independent researchers assessed the eligibility criteria of all measures, substracted data and assessed their characteristics. Results: 33 instruments were selected. The components of the measures are diverse and more than 50% also evaluate other constructs. Most instruments are positive in focus, more than half are encoded through video and the evaluation periods are very variable, from less than 5 minutes to more than one hour. Less than a half request to perform specific tasks and all of them require specific training for their use. Discussion: There is a wide range of instruments to assess parental responsiveness. This review offers clues that facilitate the choice of the most appropriate instrument for each professional or research needs.
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Hodge, David R., and Trina R. Williams. "Assessing African American Spirituality with Spiritual Ecomaps." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 83, no. 5 (October 2002): 585–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.57.
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While there is increasing awareness that spirituality is a central dimension of human existence, there are few assessment instruments that operationalize spiritual strengths in a clinically useful manner. Further, instruments tailored specifically for African Americans, the population for whom spirituality may be most salient, have been almost completely lacking in the literature. Correspondingly, this paper develops a diagrammatic assessment instrument, spiritual ecomaps, for assessing African American spirituality. After delineating the theoretical components of a spiritual ecomap, practical suggestions are given for the instrument's use, including a number of possible interventions that flow from the assessment process. A case study is provided to familiarize the reader with the instrument. The paper concludes by offering suggestions for using the instrument for other populations in a culturally sensitive manner.
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Knowles, Kenneth I., Nathan B. Hammond, Stephen G. Biggs, and Jose L. Ibarrola. "Incidence of Instrument Separation Using LightSpeed Rotary Instruments." Journal of Endodontics 32, no. 1 (January 2006): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2005.10.008.
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Wahyuni, Dewi, M. Oky F.Gafari, and Daulat Saragi. "Development of Attitude Assessment Instruments on Learning Text Report Observation Results for 7th Grade Students Smp Swasta Taman Harapan Medan." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal) : Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 4 (November 7, 2019): 506–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v2i4.574.
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This study aims to describe the pattern of development, validity and feasibility and effectiveness of attitude assessment instruments on learning the text of observational reports for grade VII students SMP Swasta Taman Harapan Medan. Research instruments in the form of questionnaires and observation sheets. The assessment instrument developed in this study was an attitude assessment instrument in the form of a self-assessment test. The results of the field trials show that the results of the material expert's assessment of the instrument's worth were 89.17% and were valid qualifications. While the evaluation of expert evaluation results obtained a percentage of 88.57% and are in valid qualifications. Based on the results of trials that have been carried out, it can be stated that the attitude assessment instruments developed already have good validity so that they are suitable for use in learning assessment activities. In the field trial phase the researchers tested the level of students' understanding ability to see the level of effectiveness of the assessment instrument for attitude assessment. Based on the analysis results obtained an average ability of students' attitudes/affective that is 76.46% with a good category. The results obtained in this study indicate that self-assessment instruments can measure the ability of student attitudes and provide instructions that in learning Indonesian by using self-assessment instruments are more appropriate to be applied in learning so that teachers can further evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of learning received by students.
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Žukauskas, Pranas, and Jolita Vveinhardt. "MOBBING DIAGNOSIS INSTRUMENT: STAGES OF CONSTRUCTION, STRUCTURE AND CONNECTEDNESS OF CRITERIA / MOBINGO DIAGNOZAVIMO INSTRUMENTAS: KONSTRAVIMO ETAPAI, STRUKTŪRA IR KRITERIJŲ SUSIETUMAS." Journal of Business Economics and Management 12, no. 2 (June 9, 2011): 400–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2011.575193.
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The article deals with mobbing diagnosis criteria in instruments designed by foreign scientists; it presents the process of development of the instrument for diagnosis of mobbing as discrimination in employee relations, designed by the authors, which involves five main stages. The results of expert assessment and their impact on further development of the instrument are discussed in more detail. The detailed structure of the instrument is presented, distinguishing characteristics and criteria and revealing some fragments of indicators in the article. The analysis of intercorrelations has confirmed especially high reliability of interconnectedness of criteria, i.e. 0.001. Santrauka Mobingo kaip diskriminacijos darbuotojų santykiuose, gerinant organizacijų klimatą, procesą sudarė penki etapai. Taikant teorinę analizę buvo išskirtos pagrindinės instrumento charakteristikos, sudaryta anketa pirmajam ekspertiniam vertinimui, kurioje pateikti tyrimo objektą atitinkantys kriterijai (pirmasis ekspertų vertinimas), remiantis ekspertų išvadomis, siūlymais ir kriterijų svorio vidurkiais, sudaryta anketa antrajam vertinimui, pateikiant kriterijus atitinkančius rodiklius (antrasis ekspertų vertinimas). Nustačius kriterijų svoriu vidurkį ir itin sumažinus rodiklių skaičių, instrumentas parengtas diagnostiniam žvalgomajam tyrimui. Atlikus tyrimą, pakoreguoti žvalgomojo tyrimo metu atskleisti instrumento trūkumai, padėję parengti jį pagrindiniam tyrimui: išskirtos keturios charakteristikos (mobingo požymiai; mobingo veiksmai; papildomi mobingo požymiai; organizacijos klimatas), kurias sudaro 27 kriterijai, išsiskaidantys į 156 indikatorius.
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Leppäjärvi, Leevi, and Michal Sedlák. "Incompatibility of quantum instruments." Quantum 8 (February 12, 2024): 1246. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2024-02-12-1246.
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Quantum instruments describe outcome probability as well as state change induced by measurement of a quantum system. Incompatibility of two instruments, i. e. the impossibility to realize them simultaneously on a given quantum system, generalizes incompatibility of channels and incompatibility of positive operator-valued measures (POVMs). We derive implications of instrument compatibility for the induced POVMs and channels. We also study relation of instrument compatibility to the concept of non-disturbance. Finally, we prove equivalence between instrument compatibility and postprocessing of certain instruments, which we term complementary instruments. We illustrate our findings on examples of various classes of instruments.
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Horacek, Ivana. "Illuminating Methods, Picturing Instruments: Tycho Brahe's Instrumental Images." Austrian History Yearbook 52 (May 2021): 30–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237821000151.
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AbstractThis article considers the function of twenty-two hand-colored prints of mathematical instruments in Tycho Brahe's Astronomiae instauratae mechanica (Instruments of the renewed astronomy; 1598), a hand-painted presentation treatise dedicated to Emperor Rudolf II and conferred on a network of individuals connected to the imperial court in Prague. Although the accompanying text communicates the instruments’ use and composition, the images demand close inspection because they articulate Brahe's observationally driven astronomy. They do so through structured, repeated, and consecutive representations; through expanded viewer access, achieved by adhering to multiple perspectives; through the juxtaposition of colors, which focuses attention on the heads of the instruments (the part that does the measuring); and through the use of gold paint, which emphasizes the head and brings to mind the very metallic nature of the instruments. Much like an astronomer taking multiple measurements of cosmological phenomena, these images allow viewers and readers, as they leaf through the pages of the treatise, to become virtual participants in Brahe's instauration of astronomy.
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Lee, Jiyeon, Eun-Hyun Lee, and Duckhee Chae. "eHealth Literacy Instruments: Systematic Review of Measurement Properties." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 11 (November 15, 2021): e30644. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/30644.
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Background The internet is now a major source of health information. With the growth of internet users, eHealth literacy has emerged as a new concept for digital health care. Therefore, health professionals need to consider the eHealth literacy of consumers when providing care utilizing digital health technologies. Objective This study aimed to identify currently available eHealth literacy instruments and evaluate their measurement properties to provide robust evidence to researchers and clinicians who are selecting an eHealth literacy instrument. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-reported eHealth literacy instruments by applying the updated COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments) methodology. Results This study included 7 instruments from 41 articles describing 57 psychometric studies, as identified in 4 databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycInfo). No eHealth literacy instrument provided evidence for all measurement properties. The eHealth literacy scale (eHEALS) was originally developed with a single-factor structure under the definition of eHealth literacy before the rise of social media and the mobile web. That instrument was evaluated in 18 different languages and 26 countries, involving diverse populations. However, various other factor structures were exhibited: 7 types of two-factor structures, 3 types of three-factor structures, and 1 bifactor structure. The transactional eHealth literacy instrument (TeHLI) was developed to reflect the broader concept of eHealth literacy and was demonstrated to have a sufficient low-quality and very low-quality evidence for content validity (relevance, comprehensiveness, and comprehensibility) and sufficient high-quality evidence for structural validity and internal consistency; however, that instrument has rarely been evaluated. Conclusions The eHealth literacy scale was the most frequently investigated instrument. However, it is strongly recommended that the instrument's content be updated to reflect recent advancements in digital health technologies. In addition, the transactional eHealth literacy instrument needs improvements in content validity and further psychometric studies to increase the credibility of its synthesized evidence.
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Lee, Jiyeon, Eun-Hyun Lee, and Duckhee Chae. "eHealth Literacy Instruments: Systematic Review of Measurement Properties." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 11 (November 15, 2021): e30644. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/30644.
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Background The internet is now a major source of health information. With the growth of internet users, eHealth literacy has emerged as a new concept for digital health care. Therefore, health professionals need to consider the eHealth literacy of consumers when providing care utilizing digital health technologies. Objective This study aimed to identify currently available eHealth literacy instruments and evaluate their measurement properties to provide robust evidence to researchers and clinicians who are selecting an eHealth literacy instrument. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-reported eHealth literacy instruments by applying the updated COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments) methodology. Results This study included 7 instruments from 41 articles describing 57 psychometric studies, as identified in 4 databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycInfo). No eHealth literacy instrument provided evidence for all measurement properties. The eHealth literacy scale (eHEALS) was originally developed with a single-factor structure under the definition of eHealth literacy before the rise of social media and the mobile web. That instrument was evaluated in 18 different languages and 26 countries, involving diverse populations. However, various other factor structures were exhibited: 7 types of two-factor structures, 3 types of three-factor structures, and 1 bifactor structure. The transactional eHealth literacy instrument (TeHLI) was developed to reflect the broader concept of eHealth literacy and was demonstrated to have a sufficient low-quality and very low-quality evidence for content validity (relevance, comprehensiveness, and comprehensibility) and sufficient high-quality evidence for structural validity and internal consistency; however, that instrument has rarely been evaluated. Conclusions The eHealth literacy scale was the most frequently investigated instrument. However, it is strongly recommended that the instrument's content be updated to reflect recent advancements in digital health technologies. In addition, the transactional eHealth literacy instrument needs improvements in content validity and further psychometric studies to increase the credibility of its synthesized evidence.
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Mering, Aloysius, and Indri Astuti. "the Development of Assessment Instruments Non-Cognitive by Teachers." JETL (Journal Of Education, Teaching and Learning) 4, no. 2 (September 30, 2019): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.26737/jetl.v4i2.1696.
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This study aims to (1) describe clearly and comprehensively about the quality of non-cognitive assessment instruments made by elementary school teachers, (2) develop procedures for developing non-cognitive assessment instruments made by teachers, (3) develop non-cognitive assessment instruments made by teachers. To realize this goal, researchers used three structured research designs. The first design is survey research to describe the quality of non-cognitive assessment instruments made by teachers. The instruments studied are survey data, which are illuminated by non-cognitive instruments constructed by the teacher in the Lesson Plan (RPP). Furthermore, from the results of a review of the teacher's non-cognitive assessment instruments, a guidebook on the procedure for developing cognitive assessment instruments made by teachers will be developed. The development of the guidebook uses development procedures (R & D). In the third draft, the researcher and the teacher developed a non-cognitive assessment instrument in the workshop. This workshop is the application of the guidebook that has been prepared. The procedure for preparing instruments uses steps (a) development of instrument specifications, (b) instrument writing, (c) instrument review, (d) instrument assembly (for testing purposes), (e) instrument testing, (f) results analysis trial, (g) instrument selection and assembly, (h) printing instruments, (i) administration of instruments, and (j) preparation of scales and norms. The whole series of studies will produce outputs (a) research reports, financial reports, and logbooks, (b) articles that have been discussed, (c) guidelines for preparing non-cognitive assessment instruments made by teachers that can be used as teaching materials and alternative materials for drafting training assessment instruments, (d) scientific publications in accredited journals, (e) a collection of validated non-cognitive assessment instruments made by teachers.
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Hidayah, Nurul, Ruslan, and Awi Dassa. "DEVELOPMENT OF ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING (AFL) INSTRUMENTS ON CONGRUENCE AND SIMILARITY SUBJECT FOR GRADE IX JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS." MaPan 12, no. 1 (February 5, 2024): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/mapan.2024v12n1a1.
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This study aims to (1) know the development process assessment for learning (AfL) instruments on congruence and similarity subjects for grade IX junior high school students; (2) produce an assessment for learning (AfL) instruments on congruence and similarity subjects for grade IX junior high school students that are valid and reliable. This present study is development research involving 126 grade IX students of SMP Islam Athirah 2 Makassar. The results showed that: (1) the process of developing assessment for learning (AfL) instruments on congruence and similarity subject for grade IX junior high school students was carried out through the stages of compiling instrument specifications (including determining the purpose of the instrument, compiling the instrument grid, choosing the shape and format of the instrument, determining the length of the instrument, and determining the instrument scales and scoring systems), writing instruments, reviewing instruments (content validity test and instruments improvement), conducting instrument trials, interpreting measurement results, analyzing instruments (construct validity and reliability tests), and assembling instruments; (2) the results of the development of assessment for learning (AfL) instruments on congruence and similarity subject for grade IX junior high school students consisted of a learning process assessment test, a learning outcome assessment test, and a rubric for assessing cognitive aspects, psychomotor aspects, and affective aspects.
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Ferreira, Denise Helena Lombardo, Tadeu Fernandes De Carvalho, and Sandro Joel Mariano De Oliveira. "Um Estudo Sobre o Matemático Português Pedro Nunes." Jornal Internacional de Estudos em Educação Matemática 13, no. 1 (June 22, 2020): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2176-5634.2020v13n1p94-102.
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Trata-se de um artigo que tem por objetivo estudar as obras do matemático português Pedro Nunes, ou Petrus Nonius, destacando a obra intitulada Libro de Algebra em Arithmetica y Geometria. Para a elaboração deste trabalho foram usados informações e dados que se encontram disponíveis na internet e na literatura científica. Foram estudados os métodos de resolução de equações, para os quais Nunes usava tanto a álgebra quanto a geometria para suas demonstrações, além dos conhecimentos aprofundados dos livros de Euclides, os Elementos. Além disso, Nunes criou diversos instrumentos de medida, dentre os quais, anel náutico, instrumento de sombras e o nônio, mencionados neste trabalho.
Palavras-chave: Pedro Nunes. Álgebra. Geometria. Instrumentos de Navegação.
Abstract
It is an article that aims to study the works of the Portuguese mathematician Pedro Nunes, or Petrus Nonius, highlighting the work entitled Book of Algebra in Arithmetic and Geometry. For the elaboration of this work, information and data were used that are available in the internet and in the scientific literature. Methods for solving equations were studied, for which Nunes used both algebra and geometry for his demonstrations, as well as the in-depth knowledge of Euclid's books, the Elements. In addition, Nunes created several measuring instruments, among them, nautical ring, shadow instrument and the vernier, mentioned in this work.
Keywords: Pedro Nunes. Algebra. Geometry. Navigation instruments.