Relevant bibliographies by topics / Instrumental function

Academic literature on the topic 'Instrumental function'

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Published: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Instrumental function"

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Wachter, R. "Instrumental Response Function for Filtergraph Instruments." Solar Physics 251, no. 1-2 (May 30, 2008): 491–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11207-008-9197-5.

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Zuev, A. D. "Calculation of the instrumental function in X-ray powder diffraction." Journal of Applied Crystallography 39, no. 3 (May 10, 2006): 304–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889806005693.

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A new method for calculating the total instrumental function of a conventional Bragg–Brentano diffractometer has been developed. The method is based on an exact analytical solution, derived from diffraction optics, for the contribution of each incident ray to the intensity registered by a detector of limited size. Because an incident ray is determined by two points (one is related to the source of the X-rays and the other to the sample) the effects of the coupling of specific instrumental functions, for example, equatorial and axial divergence instrumental functions, are treated together automatically. The intensity at any arbitrary point of the total instrumental profile is calculated by integrating the intensities over two simple rectangular regions: possible point positions on the source and possible point positions on the sample. The effects of Soller slits, a monochromator and sample absorption can also be taken into account. The main difference between the proposed method and the convolutive approach (in which the line profile is synthesized by convolving the specific instrumental functions) lies in the fact that the former provides an exact solution for the total instrumental function (exact solutions for specific instrumental functions can be obtained as special cases), whereas the latter is based on the approximations for the specific instrumental functions, and their coupling effects after the convolution are unknown. Unlike the ray-tracing method, in the proposed method the diffracted rays contributing to the registered intensity are considered as combined (part of the diffracted cone) and, correspondingly, the contribution to the instrumental line profile is obtained analytically for this part of the diffracted cone and not for a diffracted unit ray as in ray-tracing simulations.
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Popović, Maja, Jelena Potočnik, Nenad Bundaleski, and Zlatko Rakočević. "Instrumental function of the SPECS XPS system." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 398 (May 2017): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2017.02.071.

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Middeke, Kirsten. "Sōþes ne wanda. The Avoidance is Separation Metaphor in West-Germanic Argument Structure." Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerikanistik 70, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 223–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zaa-2022-2069.

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Abstract In this paper I reconstruct two separative argument structure constructions for West Germanic: one involving a genitive of origin and one involving an instrumental in the process of being subsumed under the dative. Although neither genitives nor instrumentals/datives are typically used to refer to literal origins in space in any of the languages under consideration, a number of verbs attested with genitives and instrumentals/datives can be semantically related to each other as expressing different metaphorical extensions from the concept of separation. The fact that the expression of spatial origin itself is not a function of the genitive or the instrumental/dative can be explained diachronically with reference to a common evolutionary scenario in which adpositional phrases replace bare-case constructions in their concrete, spatial functions before they take over their derived, more abstract senses. The alternation between genitives, instrumentals/datives and separative prepositions is best modelled as a constructeme, a schema with various allostructions.
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Grygiel, Marcin. "Narzędnik afirmacji w wybranych językach słowiańskich." Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej 47 (September 25, 2015): 161–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/sfps.2012.008.

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Instrumental of affirmation in selected Slavic languagesIn the present article I argue that apart from the genitive of negation, Slavic also makes use of the instrumental of affirmation – but its recognition requires a more sophisticated, function-oriented analytic model, firmly grounded in the real linguistic usage and sensitive to semantic conditioning – such as cognitive semantics. The discussion offered seems to suggest that the Slavic instrumental is an inherently affirmative case, as opposed to genitive which has specialized in expressing partition, disjunction and negation, e.g. compare Pol. ciasto z orzechami/ Srb. kolač sa orasima ‘a cake with nuts INSTR’ vs. Pol. ciasto bez orzechów/ Srb. kolač bez oraha ‘a cake without nuts GEN’. Furthermore, because of its semantic properties, the instrumental case is attracted by positive contexts and acts as an intensifier of affirmation. Slavic instrumentals can be classified, on the basis of the positive meanings they imply, as instrumentals of completeness, instrumentals of conjunction and instrumentals of existence. The proposed semantic classification becomes more refined when image-schemas of CONTAINER, PATH, SURFACE and conceptual metaphors related to the physical relation of COVERAGE are included in the model.
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Chetverikov, Denis, Dongwoo Kim, and Daniel Wilhelm. "Nonparametric Instrumental-Variable Estimation." Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata 18, no. 4 (December 2018): 937–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867x1801800411.

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In this article, we introduce the commands npiv and npivcv, which implement nonparametric instrumental-variable (NPIV) estimation methods without and with a cross-validated choice of tuning parameters, respectively. Both commands can impose the constraint that the resulting estimated function is monotone. Using such a shape restriction may significantly improve the performance of the NPIV estimator (Chetverikov and Wilhelm, 2017, Econometrica 85: 1303–1320) because the ill-posedness of the NPIV estimation problem leads to unconstrained estimators that suffer from particularly poor statistical properties such as high variance. However, the constrained estimator that imposes the monotonicity significantly reduces variance by removing nonmonotone oscillations of the estimator. We provide a small Monte Carlo experiment to study the estimators’ finite-sample properties and an application to the estimation of gasoline demand functions.
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Yusikova, Olena. "Attributive function of the instrumental case in the dialects of Transcarpathia (determinant position)." IVAN OHIIENKO AND CONTEMPORARY SCIENCE AND EDUCATION SCHOLARLY PAPERS PHILOLOGY, no. 18 (December 29, 2021): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32626/2309-7086.2021-18-2.60-65.

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The article clarifi es the structural and semantic features of the attributive in the form of the instrumental case in the dialects of the Transcarpathia region. In the article is highlighting the formal syntactic features and semantic manifesta-tions of the peripheral zone of attributiveness, namely, adverbial attributives with the semantics of the mode of action in the form of the instrumental case. The aim of our work is to trace the semantic-syntactic function of attributive syntaxes in the form of the instrumental case. One of the dominant functions of the instru-mental case within the fi eld of attributivity is the function of relative attributive-ness, in particular the attributive function of determinants.Attributiveness of syntaxes of the instrumental case in the determinant posi-tion is determined by the typicality or repetition of the described situations, such syntaxes together with the dependent components often acquire the features of phraseology. Within the attributive component in the form of the instrumental determinant we distinguish groups, among which: temporal and locative, target characteristics, characteristics of the cause.The instrumental attributive-temporal and attributive-locative are the result of syntactic transposition into the adverbial position of individual sentence struc-tures of typical, repetitive locative or temporal semantics. A group of attributive-causal syntaxes of the instrumental case also has a wide range of semantic nuances in the studied dialects.Attributes in the form of the instrumental case in the studied dialects character-ize a wide range of diff erent actions, situations and retain semantic and morpho-logical connections with the original word forms, phrases and sentences. They can be synonymous with nouns in other indirect cases or with verb constructions in the form of subordinate clauses. The prospect of the study is a complete description of the attributive functions of the instrumental case within the fi eld of attribution on the material of diff erent dialect systems of the Ukrainian language.
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Alvarez, J. M., and J. A. Valles. "Determination of a Fabry-Perot multipass interferometer instrumental function." Applied Optics 28, no. 12 (June 15, 1989): 2191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.28.002191.

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Omorodion, S. N. E., and A. E. Hamielec. "Evaluation of Newly Proposed Instrumental Spreading Shape Function (ISF)." Journal of Liquid Chromatography 12, no. 7 (May 1989): 1155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01483918908049498.

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Bettens, Kim, Floris L. Wuyts, and Kristiane M. Van Lierde. "Instrumental assessment of velopharyngeal function and resonance: A review." Journal of Communication Disorders 52 (November 2014): 170–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2014.05.004.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Instrumental function"

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Alosco, Michael L. "Executive Function and Instrumental ADL Performance in Older Adults with Heart Failure." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1364204867.

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Vaughan, Leslie Giovanello Kelly. "Executive function in daily life age-related influences of executive processes on instrumental activities of daily living /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1778.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Sep. 16, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Psychology Department, Cognitive Program." Discipline: Psychology; Department/School: Psychology.
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Stuber, Stephen. "Teaching behavior viewed as a function of learning style and personality type : a comparison of experienced and less experienced instrumental music teachers /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11320.

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Xavier, Neto Armênio Lannes. "Um estudo da genêse instrumental para função de uma variável real com várias sentenças." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/18765.

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Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-08-02T13:09:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Armenio Lannes Xavier Neto.pdf: 3326785 bytes, checksum: 01f2cd95a0b4753a310118f56f736d69 (MD5)
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The main objective of this thesis is to study through Instrumental Genesis of a real variable function with several sentences cognitive development process of a group of students from the 2nd and 3rd year of high school. The theoretical framework used in the study was the Theory of Instrumentation from the perspective of Pierre Rabardel and the Theory of Semiotics Representation Registers of Raymond Duval. The research question of the dissertation was: "How is the Genesis Instrumental of a real variable function with several sentences in the second students and third years of high school, during a sequence of activities?" The methodology used in the study were the assumptions the didactic engineering Artigue. The conclusions of the study indicated that the Genesis Instrumental can be a suitable tool to study the cognitive development process of a real variable function with several sentences
O objetivo principal dessa dissertação é estudar por meio da Gênese Instrumental da função de uma variável real com várias sentenças o processo de desenvolvimento cognitivo de um grupo de alunos do 2o e 3o ano do ensino médio. Os referenciais teóricos utilizados no trabalho foram a Teoria da Instrumentação sob a ótica de Pierre Rabardel e a Teoria dos Registros de Representação Semiótica, de Raymond Duval. A pergunta investigativa da dissertação foi: “De que maneira ocorre a Gênese Instrumental da função de uma variável real com várias sentenças em alunos do 2o e 3o anos do ensino médio, durante uma sequência de atividades?” A metodologia utilizada no trabalho foram os pressupostos da engenharia didática de Artigue. As conclusões do trabalho indicaram que a Gênese Instrumental pode ser uma ferramenta adequada para estudar o processo de desenvolvimento cognitivo da função de uma variável real com várias sentenças
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Vernier, Arnaud. "Développement instrumental en spectrométrie de masse pour le diagnostic in vitro en microbiologie clinique." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00986856.

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La spectrométrie de masse, en particulier le couplage HPLC/MRM3, est un outil bien adapté au diagnostic in vitro, particulièrement en microbiologie clinique. L'utilisation en routine de cette technologie est cependant tributaire de sa sensibilité et de sa spécificité. Ce travail de thèse a pour objectif d'étudier la possibilité d'éjecter et de détecter simultanément et de façon sélective des ions de ratio masse/charge donnés, ceux-ci étant confinés dans un piège ionique quadrupolaire. Cette approche permet de supprimer les étapes de balayage en masse et d'intégration mathématique du signal en mode MRM3 ce qui permet de gagner à la fois en sensibilité et en spécificité (en diminuant le temps de cycle et en diminuant le rapport signal sur bruit). Cet objectif a été poursuivi premièrement par une étude théorique approfondie des équations du mouvement des ions dans un piège radiofréquence ; deuxièmement par une étude numérique de la stabilité de ces équations et enfin troisièmement par une validation expérimentale de ces résultats théoriques. La présentation de ces trois approches fait l'objet du présent mémoire
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Crabb, Brooke Evangeline. "Perceptions of the transition to assisted living as a function of psychological well-being, instrumental activities of daily living, and coping: A prospective study." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2439.

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This study examined the influence of three predictor variables on perceptions of assisted living: psychological well-being, functional status, and coping strategies. A multiple regression analysis was used to examine the influence of these factors on perceptions of the transition to assisted living.
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Stumbo, Jason A. "Changes in university band members' perceptions of complexity and liking of two concert band pieces as a function of rehearsal over time /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3164545.

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Bui, Dang Thanh. "Étude et réalisation d'un système instrumental de stabilisation d'un modulateur électrooptique : application à l'amélioration du comportement d'un oscillateur optoélectronique." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00618230.

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Les modulateurs electro-optiques (EOM) sont des composants importants dans les systemes de telecommunication. Malheureusement, ils ne sont pas parfaitement stables dans Ie temps et leur fonction de transfert (TF) a tendance a se decaler durant Ie temps d'operation. La derive de la TF d'un EOM peut etre expliquee par des effets differents tels que les changements de la temperature ambiante, de la polarisation ou de l'efficacite de couplage optique. La these presente une methode de me sure de la derive de la TF de I'EOM (a grace d'estimation du comportement non-linearite du modulateur, NLl), et propose deux systemes instrumentaux pour ameliorer son fonctionnement: Ie premier pour contraler la temperature de l'EOM, il est possible de forcement reduire cette derive, Ie deuxieme pour compenser la derive (la stabilisation du point de fonctionnement autour du point quadrature est obtenue jusqu'au 0,22% ou la fluctuation de phase est de 0,44°). Ces techniques ont ete aussi appliquees pour ameliorer Ie comportement d'un oscillateur optoelectronique haute frequence. Nous avons realise les experiences par asservissement de temperature, par compensation de la derive. Pour une stabilite de I'OEO a court terme, la stabilisation de la frequence est amelioree jusqu'a 28% en utilisant un contrale de temperature seule etjusqu'a 71 % avec les deux processus. Pour une stabilite de l'OEO a long terme, en deux cas sans contra Ie, I'OEO fonctionne pendant 3 heures et pendant 1,6 heure (puis I'OEO ne marche plus). En utilisant une compensation de la derive de la TF de I'EOM, l'OEO fonctionne bien meme apres 7 heures et 8 heures.
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Fresquet, Xavier. "Les cithares-planche médiévales : organologie, reconstitution et translatio musicae." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040074.

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Développée à partir d’un corpus documentaire de plus de 200 représentations iconographiques réparties entre le IXe et le XVe siècle, cette thèse s’appuie aussi sur des sources musicales en latin et des éléments pris dans la littérature profane médiévale en langues vernaculaires. Ce travail de recherche est réuni et organisé dans une base de données qui s’articule à la thèse tout au long de l’argumentation. La description de ce corpus et de la création de cet outil forme la première partie de cette thèse. Une deuxième partie, consacrée à l’étude organologique physique des instruments, vise à proposer un discours objectif sur la nature de l’instrument et de ses éléments constitutifs : formes, cordes, chevilles, chevalets, modes de jeux, tenues etc. Cette partie se termine par un exercice de reconstitution organologique. Une troisième partie étudie l’image sociale et symbolique des instruments en essayant d’englober l’ensemble des discours associés aux cithares planche autour de la notion de translatio propre à la littérature médiévale, que l’on nommera alors translatio musicae. L’ensemble du travail réalisé permettra de former en conclusion une proposition de classification instrumentale propre aux cithares planche médiévales, qui pourra être éventuellement adaptée à l’étude d’autres instruments de musique
Developed from a corpus of over 200 iconographical sources divided between the 9th and the 15th century, this thesis also draws on Latin sources in and musical elements taken from the medieval secular literature written in vernacular languages. This research is compiled and organized inside a database articulated to the thesis throughout the argument. The description of this documentary corpus and the creation of this specific tool are given in the first part of this dissertation. A second part, devoted to the study of physical characteristics of these instruments, aims to provide an objective discourse on the nature of the instrument and its components: forms, strings, pins, holding manners, playing modes, etc. This part ends with an instrumental reconstitution exercise. A third part examines the social image and symbolic image of the instruments trying to encompass all speech – both literary and visual – related to the board zithers around the medieval notion of translatio, which will be in this particular case called translatio musicae. This work will conclude with a proposition of a specific organological classification for medieval board zithers, which might possibly be adapted to the study of other musical instruments
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Neubern, Patricia Cardoso Buchain. "Funcionalidade e função executiva em idosos saudáveis e portadores de demência na doença de Alzheimer: estudo de validação do Executive Function Performance Test-Br." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-02072018-114315/.

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Introdução: Na Doença de Alzheimer, o comprometimento no desempenho nas Atividades de Vida Diária (AVD) impacta diretamente a autonomia e independência do indivíduo. A capacidade funcional determina o nível de auxílio que uma pessoa irá necessitar no cotidiano para uma vida em segurança e com autonomia. Dentre os domínios cognitivos, a Função Executiva tem sido relatada como a mais associada com o desempenho de funcionalidade. Há a necessidade de instrumentos válidos para avaliar os déficits das funções executivas no desempenho de tarefas de mundo real em pacientes com doença de Alzheimer (DA) no Brasil. Objetivo: Validar a versão brasileira do teste Executive Performance Test (EFPT) em pacientes com doença de Alzheimer (DA). Métodos: Adaptação cultural do EFPT para o português do Brasil. Os estudos de confiabilidade e validade foram realizados com três grupos de idosos: controles, DA leve e DA moderada. Este estudo examinou a estabilidade do instrumento, a consistência interna (alfa de Cronbach), a validade de constructo e de critério e análises de precisão. Resultados: A amostra foi composta de 83 participantes com 60 anos ou mais, distribuídos em três grupos: controle, DA leve e DA moderada. A confiabilidade inter examinadores foi alta (ICC = 0,985), com alta consistência interna (Cronbach ? = 0,967). Houve forte correlação entre EFPT-Br Total e DAFS-BR (r = -0.762), correlação fraca a moderada com a bateria cognitiva e correlação moderada a forte com a bateria funcional. Foi realizado o cálculo da da ROC multiclasse área sob a curva de 0,8933, a pontuação sugerida para diferenciar os grupos : menor que 8 para controles; entre 9 e 27 para DA leve; e acima de 28 para DA moderada, para discriminar grupos. Conclusão: O EFPT-BR é um teste válido, com parâmetros psicométricos satisfatórios, para discriminar pacientes saudáveis, com DA leve e DA moderada na realização de tarefas instrumentais. O teste fornece informações consistentes para auxiliar a compreensão do desempenho de pacientes com DA na realização de atividades de vida diária com mais autonomia e segurança
Background: In Alzheimer\'s disease, the impairment in performing Activities of Daily Life (ADL) directly affects the autonomy and independence of the individual. The functionality determine a person needs for a safe and autonomous life. Among the cognitive domains, Executive Function has been reported as the most associated with functionality performance. There is a need for valid assessments to evaluate the deficits of executive functions in performing of real world tasks with patients with Alzheimer\'s disease (AD) in Brazil. Objective: To validate to Brazilian Portuguese version of the Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT) in Alzheimer disease (AD) patients. Methods: Cultural adaptation of EFPT to Brazilian Portuguese. The reliability and validity studies were performed with three groups of elderly: controls, mild AD and moderate AD. This study examines instrument stability, an internal consistency (Cronbach\'s alpha), a construct and criterion validity, and precision analyzes. Results: The sample consisted of 83 participants aged 60 years and over, divided into three groups: control, mild AD and moderate AD. The inter-examiner reliability was high (ICC = 0.985), with high internal consistency (Cronbach ? = 0.967). There was a strong correlation between EFPT-Br Total and DAFS-BR (r = -0.762), weak to moderate correlation with a cognitive battery and moderate to strong correlation with the functional battery. We performed the calculation of the ROC multiclass area under the curve of 0.8933, a score suggested to differentiate the groups: less than 8 for controls; between 9 and 27 for mild AD; and above 28 for moderate AD, to discriminate groups. Conclusion: EFPT-BR is a valid test with satisfactory psychometric parameters to discriminate healthy patients with mild AD and moderate AD in performing instrumental tasks. The test provides consistent information to assist in understanding the performance of AD patients in carrying out more autonomous and safe daily life activities
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Books on the topic "Instrumental function"

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Kim, Kyoo il. Revisiting instrumental variables and the classic control function approach, with implications for parametric and non-parametric regressions. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2011.

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Heckman, James J. Using matching, instrumental variables and control functions to estimate economic choice models. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.

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Ziborov, S. R. Funkt͡s︡ionalʹnye preobrazovateli s diskretnym kompandirovaniem signala. Moskva: Ėnergoatomizdat, 1988.

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Volgin, Leonid Ivanovich. Reli͡a︡tornye generatory i formirovateli nelineĭnykh funkt͡s︡iĭ: Uchebnoe posobie dli͡a︡ studentov radiotekhnicheskikh spet͡s︡ialʹnosteĭ. Ulʹi͡a︡novsk: Ulʹi͡a︡novskiĭ gos. tekhn. universitet, 1998.

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Volgin, Leonid Ivanovich. Reli͡a︡tornye generatory predikatnykh, argumentnykh i nepreryvnologicheskikh funkt͡s︡iĭ. Tallinn: Akt͡s︡ionernoe ob-vo KLTK, 1992.

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Hans, Fischer. Sound-producing instruments in Oceania: Construction and playing technique--distribution and function. [Boroko, Papua New Guinea]: Institute of Papua New Guinea Studies, 1986.

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Hans, Fischer. Sound-producing instruments in Oceania: Construction and playing technique--distribution and function. Boroko, Papua New Guinea: Institute of Papua New Guinea Studies, 1986.

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Center, Langley Research, ed. Functional categories for future flight deck designs. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1993.

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Center, Langley Research, ed. Functional categories for future flight deck designs. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1993.

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Classical form: A theory of formal functions for the instrumental music of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Instrumental function"

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O¨dkvist, L. "Clinical and Instrumental Investigational Otolith Function." In Otolith Function and Disorders, 68–76. Basel: KARGER, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000059112.

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Potvin, A. R., W. W. Tourtellotte, G. V. Kondraske, K. Syndulko, and J. H. Potvin. "Selecting Neurologic Function Tests for Parkinson’s Disease: A Primer." In Instrumental Methods and Scoring in Extrapyramidal Disorders, 44–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78914-4_5.

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Machetanz, J., C. Bischoff, B. U. Meyer, J. Forster, and B. Conrad. "The Age Function of Normative Data for a Personal Computer-Based Test System for the Analysis and Quantification of Manual Movement Disability." In Instrumental Methods and Scoring in Extrapyramidal Disorders, 188–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78914-4_19.

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Pikalov, K. N. "Correction of High Spatial Resolution Solar Surface Images for the Instrumental Profile and Atmospheric Function." In Motions in the Solar Atmosphere, 263–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9331-1_24.

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Waiczies, Sonia, Christian Prinz, Ludger Starke, Jason M. Millward, Paula Ramos Delgado, Jens Rosenberg, Marc Nazaré, Helmar Waiczies, Andreas Pohlmann, and Thoralf Niendorf. "Functional Imaging Using Fluorine (19F) MR Methods: Basic Concepts." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 279–99. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0978-1_17.

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AbstractKidney-associated pathologies would greatly benefit from noninvasive and robust methods that can objectively quantify changes in renal function. In the past years there has been a growing incentive to develop new applications for fluorine (19F) MRI in biomedical research to study functional changes during disease states. 19F MRI represents an instrumental tool for the quantification of exogenous 19F substances in vivo. One of the major benefits of 19F MRI is that fluorine in its organic form is absent in eukaryotic cells. Therefore, the introduction of exogenous 19F signals in vivo will yield background-free images, thus providing highly selective detection with absolute specificity in vivo. Here we introduce the concept of 19F MRI, describe existing challenges, especially those pertaining to signal sensitivity, and give an overview of preclinical applications to illustrate the utility and applicability of this technique for measuring renal function in animal models.This chapter is based upon work from the COST Action PARENCHIMA, a community-driven network funded by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, which aims to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers. This introduction chapter is complemented by two separate chapters describing the experimental procedure and data analysis.
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Lazzarini, Victor. "Functions." In Computer Music Instruments II, 67–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13712-0_6.

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Bizioli, Gianluigi. "Un passo ulteriore verso un sistema federale: un tributo per l’Unione Europea." In Studi e saggi, 81–95. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-591-2.06.

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Attempts to adapt the idea of sovereignty in order to understand the phenomenon of European integration inevitably lead to two opposing theoretical representations: on the one hand, to configure European integration as a process derived from and legitimised by state sovereignty; on the other hand, on the contrary, to consider the European Union as the locus of sovereign legitimation and that this radiates out over the member states. These reconstructions are inadequate: on the one hand, they employ a notion of sovereignty that does not fit the plural organisations of state, and, in particular, the idea of federalism, and, on the other hand, they were unable to valorise the original features of the EU system, its functioning and relations with the member states. The aim is to investigate the prerequisites and limits of the Union's tax power and, to this end, the question of the (preferable) qualification of the Union will be addressed first; then, that of the contents and boundaries of the Union's tax competences in order to verify the ownership of a power to introduce own taxes, having regard to the regulatory function of the Union and the instrumental function for the establishment and functioning of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU).
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Hughes, Jesse. "Instrumental Artefact Functions and Normativity." In Philosophy of Engineering and Technology, 137–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5243-6_9.

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Barger, Diana. "Sexual Function and Quality of Life: Assessing Existing Tools and Considerations for New Technologies." In Quantifying Quality of Life, 395–427. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94212-0_16.

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AbstractSexual activity is an important facet of social functioning and quality of life (QoL) reflected in its inclusion in the World Health Organization’s generic, 26-item, quality of life instrument, the WHOQOL-BREF, in the item “how satisfied are you with your sex life?” Several instruments designed to assess sexual activity, function or QoL have been developed, varying in their scope, measurement properties, and applicability to certain populations. Evidence from literature reviews of instruments was synthesized to (a) identify generic self-administered instruments, which have been developed for research or clinical practice in adults and (b) to investigate their scope, psychometric properties, and applicability. We then considered these methods together with emerging Quality of Life Technologies. In total, 110 instruments were identified via nine reviews and 31 generic instruments were retained. There was a good evidence of the instruments’ internal consistency and reliability, but limited evidence of their responsiveness to change. While 31 instruments provide an adequate assessment of function/sexual QoL, fitting with COSMIN guidance, their scope varied and only three of these were developed since the revision of the definition of sexual dysfunction in 2013. Computerized self-reported measures may facilitate data collection yet were rarely discussed by authors. This meta-review has compiled evidence on generic instruments that can improve the collection of data on sexual function/QoL in research and clinical practice. We also discuss the emerging use of applications, connected wearables and devices that may provide another less invasive avenue for the assessment of sexual function/QoL at the individual and population level.
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Green-Cole, Ruth. "Painting Blood: Visualizing Menstrual Blood in Art." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies, 787–801. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_57.

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Abstract While there are isolated cases of reverence for menstruation, many societies impose a strict set of rules about the visualization of menstrual blood in art and visual culture. Green-Cole examines these hegemonic and patriarchal codes controlling discussion, commemoration, or visualization of menstruation, which have been internalized by millions of women worldwide as negative and shameful. One of the main tools used to maintain menstrual stigma is to erase the presence of the scene of menstruation in speech, image, and representation. Green-Cole argues that by publicly acknowledging menstruation and making it visible, the artworks discussed in this chapter are instrumental in undermining this stigma. She demonstrates how this process of undermining also changes what we assume to be the function and value of art. Finally, Green-Cole analyzes the ways in which artists have used paint to signify or stand in for blood as a challenge to the decorum of modernist formalism, which conveniently erased women’s issues.
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Conference papers on the topic "Instrumental function"

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Giroux, Jean. "The use of FT Spectrometers in optical coating measurements." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.1992.othc2.

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The Fourier Transform Spectrometer consists of a Michelson interferometer, a source and a detector. The sample is placed between the interferometer and detector. A mirror moving at constant speed creates an optical path difference. The measured signal is called the interferogram. After mathematical treatment, including the Fourier transform, the spectrum is retrieved. This spectrum contains information about the sample, but also on the instrumental response. This spectrum is usually ratioed to an open beam or background spectrum which eliminates the instrumental function. Such an instrument can be constructed for operation in any spectral region, but shorter wavelengths dictate more stringent requirements on the optical parts and motion accuracy. Evidently, suitable detectors and sources must be selected. High-end research grade instruments can be easily be re-configured for operation from 1000μm to 250nm.
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Abrams, Mark C., Sumner P. Davis, and James W. Brault. "Resolution enhancement in high resolution Fourier transform spectroscopy." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1989.wi3.

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Fourier transform spectroscopy dominates the field of infrared high resolution spectroscopy; however, in many low temperature sources the line profile can be smaller than the instrumental profile producing heavily distorted spectra. The instrumental profile of FT IR instruments is a modified sine function and can greatly complicate the reduction of data taken with Fourier transform spectrometers. A technique for achieving modest resolution enhancement has been developed by modifying a nonlinear line profile fitting algorithm to fit only the spectral components present in the spectrum.
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Mazur, Mikhail, Lubov Mazur, Yuri Suddenok, and Vladimir Shorin. "Adaptive change of AOTF instrumental function with frequency modulation of ultrasonic wave." In Fourteenth School on Acousto-Optics and Applications, edited by Ireneusz Grulkowski, Bogumił B. J. Linde, and Martí Duocastella. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2540108.

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Carson, Joseph C., Brian D. Kern, John T. Trauger, and James B. Breckinridge. "The effects of instrumental elliptical polarization on stellar point spread function fine structure." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by John C. Mather, Howard A. MacEwen, and Mattheus W. M. de Graauw. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.672518.

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Castelnau, M., E. Cansot, C. Buil, V. Pascal, Vincent Crombez, S. Lopez, L. Georges, and M. Dubreuil. "Modelization and validation of the diffraction effects in the Microcarb instrument for accurately computing the instrumental spectral response function." In International Conference on Space Optics - ICSO 2018, edited by Nikos Karafolas, Zoran Sodnik, and Bruno Cugny. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2536019.

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Cunningham, Patrick J., and Matthew A. Franchek. "An Instrumental Variable Approach for Continuous-Time Identification of an SI Engine Model for Automatic Controller Design." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32025.

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Instrumental variable algorithms are popular for their favorable consistency properties and ease of implementation. In this investigation an algorithm for automatic SI engine idle speed controller design uses and instrumental variable approach to perform system identification. The instrumental variable method employed here identifies the coefficients of a continuous-time model from discretely sampled data. This continuous-time model represents the engine dynamics from the bypass air valve voltage to the engine speed. To implements the identification algorithm, filtered derivative estimators approximate engine speed derivatives and an auxiliary model generates instrumental variables. These calculations are performed at each sample instant and are passed to the recursive formulation of the instrumental variable identification algorithm. Identification is performed utilizing reference step response data. A complete consistency analysis of this algorithm is included for this realization of the instrumental variable algorithm. Automatic controller design is completed based on the identified continuous-time model coefficients. As a result, the controller is parameterized based on the model coefficients and matching the transfer function of the idle speed feedback system to an open loop transfer function which represents the desired transient and steady state performance. The controller is implemented via a bumpless transfer process. Experimental results performed on a 4.6L V-8 fuel injected SI engine demonstrate the automated controller design process and the instrumental variable identification algorithm.
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Veretennikov, Victor V. "Effect of the instrumental function on measurements of phase functions of scattering by large particles at small scattering angles." In Fifth International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics, edited by Vladimir E. Zuev and Gennadii G. Matvienko. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.337009.

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Victor, Ste´phane, Rachid Malti, and Alain Oustaloup. "Instrumental Variable Method for Identifying Fractional Box-Jenkins Models." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86984.

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This paper deals with continuous-time system identification using fractional differentiation models in a colored noisy output context. An optimal instrumental variable method for identifying hybrid fractional Box-Jenkins models is described. The relationship between the measured input and the output is a fractional continuous-time transfer function, and the noise is a discrete-time AR or ARMA process. The method is illustrated on a simulation example.
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Rebuffi, Luca, and Paolo Scardi. "Calculation of the instrumental profile function for a powder diffraction beamline used in nanocrystalline material research." In SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, edited by Manuel Sanchez del Rio and Oleg Chubar. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2063745.

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Artyushenko, Vladimir M., and Vladimir I. Volovach. "Analytical Dependences of Function of Instrumental Contact Establishing for Short-Range Radio Detection Systems and Devices." In 2018 Dynamics of Systems, Mechanisms and Machines (Dynamics). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dynamics.2018.8601482.

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Reports on the topic "Instrumental function"

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Upadhyaya, Shrini, Dan Wolf, William J. Chancellor, Itzhak Shmulevich, and Amos Hadas. Traction-Soil Compaction Tradeoffs as a Function of Dynamic Soil-Tire Interation Due to Varying Soil and Loading Conditions. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7612832.bard.

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The objectives of this study were to investigate soil-pneumatic tire interaction and develop traction-soil compaction prediction model. We have developed an inverse solution technique that employs a response surface methodology to determine engineering properties of soil in-situ. This technique is useful in obtaining actual properties of soil in-situ for use in traction and soil compaction studies rather than using the values obtained in the laboratory by employing remolded and/or disturbed soil samples. We have conducted extensive field tests i the U.S. to develop semi-empirical traction prediction equation for radial ply tires. A user friendly traction-soil compaction program was developed to predict tractive ability of radial ply tires using several different techniques and to estimate soil compaction induced by these tires. A traction prediction model that incorporates strain rate effects on the tractive ability of tires was developed in Israel. A mobile single wheel tester and an in-situ soil test device were developed i Israel to significantly enhance the ability of Israeli investigators to conduct traction-soil compaction research. This project has resulted in close cooperation between UCD, Technion, and ARO, which will be instrumental in future collaboration.
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Horowitz, Joel L., and Sokbae (Simon) Lee. Uniform confidence bands for functions estimated nonparametrically with instrumental variables. The IFS, July 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.cem.2009.1809.

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Horowitz, Joel L., and Sokbae (Simon) Lee. Uniform confidence bands for functions estimated nonparametrically with instrumental variables. Institute for Fiscal Studies, July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.cem.2010.1910.

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Stone, Gregory. Discussion & analysis: Spatial reasoning assessment. The Learning Partnership, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51420/report.2021.2.

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A complete Rasch multi-faceted analysis was performed on the draft Spatial Reasoning Assessment. While the psychometric report presents the complete analysis for the examination, this discussion proceeds step-by-step to understand the way in which the analysis proceeded, and the findings therein. The findings were that holistically, the instrument performed admirably. As a pretest, it is likely that students were not expected to demonstrate certain reasoning skills (e.g., GIS) as indeed they did not. The rating scale functions well to capture the examiner judgement. Overall, the instrument works together as a functional assessment, capturing the general construct of Spatial Reasoning.
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Stouli, Sami, and Whitney K. Newey. Control variables, discrete instruments, and identification of structural functions. The IFS, September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.cem.2018.5518.

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Heckman, James, and Salvador Navarro-Lozano. Using Matching, Instrumental Variables and Control Functions to Estimate Economic Choice Models. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9497.

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McWethy, L. M. Tank SY-101 void fraction instrument functional design criteria. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10191988.

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Shank, D. R. 89C-GEB-610 PFP instrument upgrade functional test procedure. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10185829.

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Ketterer, Juan, Adrián Ortega Andrade, Juan Martínez Álvarez, and Daniel Fonseca. Financial Solutions for Development: National Infrastructure Platforms. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004654.

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This paper presents a new public policy instrument, national infrastructure platforms (NIPs), to promote investment in sustainable infrastructure in Latin America and the Caribbean. The region has important infrastructure deficits that limit its ability to meet challenges of economic growth, climate change, and social inclusion and equality. NIPs will allow countries to maximize the use of public, multilateral, and concessional financing resources to promote socioeconomic development. Specifically, since the infrastructure challenges of the region will not be met with public funding, NIPs will permit countries to optimize the role of public investment as a financial enabler for private investment, prioritizing climate change resilience through sustainable infrastructure. This document outlines the structure of NIPs and their three main functions: project preparation, de-risking, and financial structuring. These respectively identify and prioritize projects, incorporate the necessary risk mitigation instruments, and structure and deliver bankable projects until they successfully reach their commercial and financial closing stages.
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de Roux, Nicolás, Marcela Eslava, Santiago Franco, and Eric Verhoogen. Estimating Production Functions in Differentiated-Product Industries with Quantity Information and External Instruments. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w28323.

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