Journal articles on the topic 'Instrument'
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Chiba, Mitsuharu, Kazuyoshi Taniguchi, and Hiroshi Iwase. "Instrument for tuning musical instruments." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 88, no. 1 (July 1990): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.399838.
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Hartono, Hartono, Jamilah Jamilah, and Dona Fitriawan. "PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN NOTES UNTUK MENGUKUR KEMAMPUAN AFEKTIF MAHASISWA DALAM KURIKULUM KKNI ( DEVELOPMENT OF NON TEST INSTRUMENTS TO MEASURING STUDENT AFFECTED ABILITY IN CURRICULUM KKNI)." Buana Matematika : Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika 7, no. 1: (June 26, 2017): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/buanamatematika.v7i1:.663.
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Abstrak
Penelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan pengembangan instrumen nontes untuk mengukur kemampuan afektif mahasiswa dalam kurikulum KKNI. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan model pengembangan menggunakan P4TK yaitu spesifikasi instrumen, menulis instrumen, menentukan skala instrumen, sistem penskoran, telaah instrumen, merakit instrumen, uji coba instrumen, analisis hasil uji coba, perbaikan instrumen. Hasi penelitian diperoleh 1) Kisi-kisi penyusunan instrumen nontes untuk mengukur kemampuan afektif mahasiswa dalam kurikulum KKNI dalam penelitian ini telah cukup valid dan reliabel; 2) Hasil validitas instrumen nontes untuk mengukur kemampuan afektif mahasiswa dalam kurikulum KKNI telah memenuhi persyaratan; 3) Reliabilitas intrumen nontes untuk mengukur kemampuan afektif mahasiswa dalam kurikulum KKNI hasilnya tinggi dan instrumen layak untuk digunakan; 4) Hasil uji coba penggunaan instrumen nontes untuk mengukur kemampuan afektif mahasiswa dalam kurikulum KKNI diperoleh pada masing-masing soal yang berjumlah 15 semua hasilnya baik.
Kata kunci: Instrumen Nontes, Kemampuan Afektif Mahasiswa, Kurikulum KKNI
Abstract
This research aimed to describe the development of nontest instrument to measure students' affective ability in KKNI curriculum. The research method used is descriptive method with development model using P4TK that is instrument specification, instrument writing, instrument scale, scoring system, instrument study, instrument assembling, instrument test, test result analysis, instrument improvement. The result of research is 1) Nontes instrument preparation grid to measure student affective ability in KKNI curriculum in this research has been quite valid and reliable; 2) The result of validity of nontest instrument to measure student affective ability in KKNI curriculum has fulfilled the requirement; 3) Nontest intruments reliability to measure students' affective ability in high quality KKNI curriculum and appropriate instruments for use; 4) The test result of the use of nontest instrument to measure affective ability of students in KKNI curriculum is obtained on each of the 15 questions all good results.
Keywords: Non test instrument, Student affective Ability, Curriculum KKNI
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Dack, John. "Instruments from an Instrument: Schaefferian ‘Instrumental Analysis’ and Berio'sSequenza Vfor Solo Trombone." Contemporary Music Review 32, no. 5 (October 2013): 437–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07494467.2013.849872.
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Suriyani, Meri, Try Susanti, and Darma Putra. "Instrumen Asesmen Bagi Pendidik Dalam Proses Pembelajaran Biologi Berbasis Problem Based Learning." BIODIK 6, no. 3 (October 12, 2020): 384–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/bio.v6i3.9806.
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This study aims to produce PBL based assessment instruments (problem based learning) that are made to measure learning process for educators, in this case, the researcher will focus on the discussion about attitude. This research is an instrument development research adapted from ADDIE model, this model there are 5 stages: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. Data collection and data analysis using different questionnaires and given to expert / expert teams and users of assessment instruments. To find out the feasibility of the instrument, the questionnaire was given to 3 expert teams / experts and got the score category 88%, then the score result on the assessment instrument is "Eligible" is used, instruments are also strengthened by small group and field trials. To find out the effectiveness and practicality of the disseminated instrument to several schools (implementation) of the instrument, the effectiveness questionnaire was given to 3 principals / users and obtained the score category 88%, then the scores result of the assessment instrument is "very Effective". In order to know the practicality of the instrument, the questionnaire of practicality was given to 3 principals / users and obtained the score category of 88%, then the scores result of the assessment instrument is "Very Practical". Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan instrumen asesmen berbasis PBL (problem based learning) yang dibuat untuk mengukur proses pembelajaran bagi pendidik, dalam hal ini, peneliti akan memfokuskan pada pembahasan tentang sikap. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan instrumen yang diadaptasi dari model ADDIE, model ini terdapat 5 tahap yaitu: analysis, design, development, implementation dan evaluation. Pengumpulan data dan analisis data menggunakan angket yang berbeda dan diberikan kepada tim ahli/pakar dan pengguna instrumen asesmen. Untuk mengetahui kelayakan instrumen, angket diberikan ke 3 tim ahli/pakar dan didapatkan kategori skor 88%, maka hasil skor terhadap instrumen asesmen ini adalah “Layak” digunakan, kelayakan instrumen diperkuat juga dengan adanya uji coba kelompok kecil dan lapangan. Untuk mengetahui keefektifan dan kepraktisan instrumen disebar kebeberapa sekolah (implementasi), angket efektifitas diberikan ke 3 kepala sekolah/pengguna dan didapatkan kategori skor 88%, maka hasil skor terhadap instrumen asesmen ini adalah “Sangat Efektif”. Untuk mengetahui kepraktisan instrumen, angket praktikalitas diberikan ke 3 kepala sekolah/pengguna dan didapatkan kategori skor 88%, maka hasil skor tersebut diperoleh bahwa penilaian oleh kepala sekolah terhadap instrumen asesmen ini adalah “Sangat Praktis”.
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Rosayu, Witgia Indah. "Pengembangan Penilaian Autentik Keterampilan Berbahasa Tulis Di Sekolah Dasar." EduBase : Journal of Basic Education 1, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.47453/edubase.v1i2.123.
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This study aims to (1) find out the profile of writing assessment in elementary schools today. (2) explain the prototype of developing authentic assessment of written language skills in elementary schools. (3) describes the results of the implementation of the prototype development of an authentic assessment instrument for written language skills in elementary schools. This research was conducted using research and development methods that refer to the Sukmadinata steps, namely preliminary studies, development stages and trials. Products for developing written language authentic assessment instruments consist of (1) assessment instruments for writing book reports; (2) instrument for writing rhymes assessment; (3) poetry writing evaluation instruments and; (4) attitude assessment instruments in writing activities. The results of this development research are (1) authentic assessment instruments writing book reports, rhyming writing, poetry writing and attitude assessment in writing activities declared valid by assessment experts and practitioners; (2) the consistency of kappa coefficient> 0.775 in the consistency test of the book writing assessment instrument means that the rhyme writing assessment instrument obtains the average kappa coefficient value> 0.709, and the poetry writing evaluation instrument obtains an average value of kappa coefficient> 0.651 which means that the instrument Valuation of writing book notes, rhymes and poetry has a high consistency in the assessment by several assessors. Thus the authentic assessment developed was declared valid and reliable so that it could be used as an alternative to written language assessment instruments in elementary schools.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui profil penilaian menulis di Sekolah Dasar saat ini. (2) memaparkan prototipe pengembangkan penilaian autentik keterampilan berbahasa tulis di Sekolah Dasar. (3) memaparkan hasil implementasi prototipe pengembangan instrumen penilaian autentik keterampilan berbahasa tulis di Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan yang mengacu pada langkah-langkah Sukmadinata yaitu studi pendahuluan, tahap pengembangan dan uji coba. Produk pengembangan instrumen penilaian autentik berbahasa tulis terdiri dari (1) instrumen penilaian menulis laporan buku; (2) instrumen penilaian menulis pantun; (3) instrumen penilaian menulis syair dan; (4) instrumen penilaian sikap dalam kegiatan menulis. Hasil penelitian pengembangan ini yaitu (1) instrumen penilaian autentik menulis laporan buku, menulis pantun, menulis syair dan penilaian sikap dalam kegiatan menulis dinyatakan valid oleh ahli penilaian dan praktisi; (2) dalam uji kekonsistenan instrumen penilaian menulis buku diperoleh nilai rata-rata koefisien kappa > 0,775, instrumen penilaian menulis pantun memperoleh nilai rata-rata koefisien kappa > 0,709, dan instrumen penilaian menulis syair memperoleh nilai rata-rata koefisien kappa > 0,651 artinya instrumen penilaian menulis catatan buku, pantun dan syair memiliki kekonsistenan yang tinggi dalam penilaian oleh beberapa penilai. Dengan demikian penilaian autentik yang dikembangkan dinyatakan valid dan reliabel sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif instrumen penilaian berbahasa tulis di Sekolah Dasar
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Murray, Michael P. "Avoiding Invalid Instruments and Coping with Weak Instruments." Journal of Economic Perspectives 20, no. 4 (August 1, 2006): 111–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.20.4.111.
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Archimedes said, “Give me the place to stand, and a lever long enough, and I will move the Earth.” Economists have their own powerful lever: the instrumental variable estimator. The instrumental variable estimator can avoid the bias that ordinary least squares suffers when an explanatory variable in a regression is correlated with the regression's disturbance term. But, like Archimedes' lever, instrumental variable estimation requires both a valid instrument on which to stand and an instrument that isn't too short (or “too weak”). This paper briefly reviews instrumental variable estimation, discusses classic strategies for avoiding invalid instruments (instruments themselves correlated with the regression's disturbances), and describes recently developed strategies for coping with weak instruments (instruments only weakly correlated with the offending explanator).
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Simpson, Alvin F. "Inservice Music Educators’ Perceived Comfort for Teaching and Performing on Secondary Band Instruments." Update: Applications of Research in Music Education 39, no. 3 (February 16, 2021): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8755123321995953.
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I surveyed inservice instrumental music educators ( N = 96) to determine their comfort level for teaching and performing on secondary band instruments. Research questions included the following: (a) How comfortable do inservice music educators feel teaching and performing on secondary instruments? (b) Does grade level affect educators’ comfort levels? (c) Does the educators’ primary instrument family relate to their perceived comfort level for teaching and playing on secondary instruments? and (d) Does the format of instrument classes during preparation programs influence educators’ comfort for teaching and playing secondary instruments? Participants reported moderate comfort on most instruments, with brass being most comfortable. Participants indicating woodwind as a primary instrument reported an overall higher comfort level for teaching and performing on brass instruments, whereas low comfort levels on double reeds. High school educators felt least comfortable teaching and performing on secondary instruments. Participants who took Split-Families and Semester-Families preservice classes felt more comfortable performing on secondary instruments versus those who took Individual-Instrument courses.
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Stuhler-Bauer, Angela, and Ulrich Elbing. "Die phänomenologische Bilderfassung: Ein kunsttherapeutisches Instrument." Musik-, Tanz- und Kunsttherapie 14, no. 1 (January 2003): 32–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026//0933-6885.14.1.32.
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Zusammenfassung. Dieser Artikel stellt ein kunsttherapeutisches Instrument zur Bildbeschreibung auf phänomenologischer Basis vor. Das methodische Vorgehen in der Entwicklung und in der Handhabung des Instruments geht vom Begriff des ästhetischen Zustands aus, der in den Rahmen des phänomenologischen Erkenntniszugangs eingebettet wird. Die einzelnen Beschreibungskriterien des Instruments werden aus diesem Hintergrund hergeleitet und begründet. Die Erarbeitung dieses Instruments durch Stuhler-Bauer (2001) ist Bestandteil einer Forschungsstrategie zur Entwicklung valider Instrumente kunsttherapeutischer Bilderfassung, die einleitend kurz vorgestellt wird.
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Caudle, Abigail Suzanne, Jason B. Fleming, Brian M. Garcia, Marina Lozano, Darryl Rigby, Rita Manuel-Byrd, Lisa McMillian, et al. "Optimizing surgical instrument sets for cases involving breast and plastic surgeons." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 7_suppl (March 1, 2016): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.7_suppl.33.
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33 Background: Processing operative instrumemt sets is a major cost for surgical cancer care. Optimizing standard sets requires availability of instruments reflecting varied surgeon preferences while minimizing unnecessary instruments. Additionally, increasing utilization of oncoplastic reconstruction after mastectomy and lumpectomy requiring breast and plastic surgery sets further expands the number of instruments required. The goal of our study was to optimize standard sets used for cases combining breast and plastic surgeons and to determine cost savings Methods: Baseline data was recorded over a 2 week period (13 cases) including number of instruments available and number unused for non- flap breast-plastics combo (BPC) cases. An independent observer timed instrument set-up times. 22 breast and 14 plastic surgeons were polled for their requested instruments for designated cases. A BPC set was designed based on this data and reviewed with surgeons to update preference cards. After a 6 week implamentation/education period, repeat data was recorded (18 cases). Cost of instrument processing was based on labor and supply cost of $0.22/instrument. Results: Two breast surgery sets (65 and 97 instruments) and one plastics set ( 93 instruments) were used at baseline. The median number of available instrumeets was 172.5/case, with median 126.5 instruments unused. A mean of 3.8 separately packaged instruments were required per case with mean set-up time of 4m46s. The new BPC set contains 103 instruments. A median of 106.5 instruments were available after implementation. The median number of unused was reduced by 53% to 59.5, with a drop in number of separately processed instruments to 2.5. Mean set-up time was reduced to 2m16s. Reducing the size of of standard sets reduced processing costs by $12.10 or $19.14/case (depending on the breast set used for comparison). Combining sets resulted in an additional cost savings of $6.56/case by reducing extra packaging costs. Conclusions: combining breast and plastic sets and eliminating unnecessary instruments resulted in cost savings of $18.66-$25.70/case. It also reduced OR instrument set-up time by 2.5 minutes/case which has significant impact at high volume centers.
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Alberti, Samuel J. M. M. "Shaping scientific instrument collections." Journal of the History of Collections 31, no. 3 (November 29, 2018): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhc/fhy046.
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Abstract Many histories of scientific instruments concentrate on their manufacture and original function, but such artefacts as survive often do so in collections – many will have spent far longer in a museum than anywhere else. Alongside the rich literature on the history of scientific instruments, accordingly, there is a body of work on the histories of scientific instrument collections. This survey outlines genres and themes in the historiography of scientific instruments, focusing in particular on display and other collection-based functions. Fluid and contingent, collections are instrumental in the history, heritage, and historiography of science.
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Hartanto, Budi. "Membaca Materialitas Ilmu Berdasarkan Filsafat Teknologi Don Ihde." DISKURSUS - JURNAL FILSAFAT DAN TEOLOGI STF DRIYARKARA 13, no. 2 (October 20, 2014): 193–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.36383/diskursus.v13i2.80.
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Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas relevansi teknologi dalam diskursus filsafat ilmu. Saya merujuk pada fenomenologi instrumentasi Don Ihde yang berfokus pada pemikiran tentang intensionalitas instrumental. Instrumen bersifat non-netral yang menentukan bagaimana kita menggapai pengetahuan. Menurut Ihde, ilmu menubuh dengan teknologi. Ia berargumen filsafat ilmu mesti mempertimbangkan pentingnya praksis dan instrumentasi alih-alih teoritisasi. Selain itu akan dibahas problem persepsi dalam ilmu dengan berpijak pada pemikiran Ihde tentang hermeneutika material. Dengan hermeneutika ini, kita menyadari bahwa materialitas ilmu bersifat reduktif terhadap kompleksitas dunia inderawi dan bahwa pengetahuan meluas melampaui daya persepsi. Dari problem persepsi dalam ilmu, saya akan menjelaskan hermeneutika instrumen keilmuan sebagai moda pembacaan materialitas ilmu yang meliputi konstruksi teknologis instrumen. Instrumen dijelaskan sebagai bagian integral dari fakta dalam ilmu. Pada bagian akhir akan dibahas realisme fenomenologis ruangsiber dimana instrumen terintegrasi ke dalam ruangsiber.
Kata-kata Kunci: Pascafenomenologi, intensionalitas, teknologi, mediasi instrumental, hermeneutika, ruangsiber.
Abstract: This article elucidates the relevance of technology in the discourse of philosophy of science. I refer to Don Ihde’s phenomenology of instrumentation that focuses on the idea of instrumental intentionalities. Instrument is defined as non-neutral that determines how we obtain knowledge. According to Ihde, philosophy of science must consider the importance of praxis and instrumentation instead of theoritization. In addition, I will also address the problem of perception in science, realizing that reality tends to be reduced in the materiality of scientific knowledge and that our knowledge always expands beyond sense-perception. From this problem of perception, I elaborate a hermeneutics of scientific instrument based on Ihde’s material hermeneutics. In this hermeneutics, the materiality of scientific knowledge is read through technological construction instrument. Here instrument is categorized as an integral part of scientific fact. I will conclude by describing a phenomenological realism of cyberspace where instrument is integrated into cyberspace.
Keywords: Postphenomenology, intentionality, technology, instrumental mediation, hermeneutics, cyberspace.
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Nasrun, Nasrun, Yusnadi Yusnadi, Elizon Nainggolan, Edidon Hutasahut, Dody Feliks Pandimun Ambarita, Nani Barorah Nasution, and Husan Parluhutan Tambunan. "PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN EVALUASI 6 TUGAS MATA KULIAH DALAM KKNI." ELEMENTARY SCHOOL JOURNAL PGSD FIP UNIMED 9, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/esjpgsd.v9i4.16378.
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ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the form of developing assessment instruments for 6 subject assignments in KKNI at FIP Unimed. This study uses a development method with the ADDIE model namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. The development of this assessment instrument begins with analyzing the needs of lecturers and students. Then do a literature study to gather material related to the 6 course assignments. After that the stage of making instrument assessment of 6 course assignments. This assessment instrument was also tested to all lecturers of the Faculty of Education Unimed to give a value of this assessment instrument of 72.85 with an average of 3.60 in the feasible category.Keywords: Instruments, Development, EvaluationABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk pengembangan instrumen penilaian 6 tugas mata kuliah dalam KKNI di FIP Unimed. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan dengan model ADDIE yaitu Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation dan Evaluation. Pengembangan instrumen penilaian ini diawali dengan melakukan analisis kebutuhan dosen dan mahasiswa. Kemudian melakukan studi pustaka untuk mengumpulkan materi-materi yang berkaitan dengan 6 tugas mata kuliah tersebut. Setelah itu tahap pembuatan instrumen penilaian 6 tugas mata kuliah. Instrumen penilaian ini juga diujikan kepada semua dosen Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Unimed untuk memberikan nilai terhadap instrumen penilaian ini sebesar 72,85 dengan rata-rata 3,60 yaitu pada kategori layak. Kata Kunci:Instrumen, Pengembangan, Evaluasi
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Tjalla, Awaluddin. "DEVELOPING SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE SCALE INSTRUMENTS FOR VOCATIONAL SCHOOL (SMK) STUDENTS." TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society 5, no. 2 (March 18, 2019): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/tjems.v5i2.9475.
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AbstractThis study aims to develop scale instruments that can be used to identify potentials in relation to the readiness of students to enter the workforce with very high commissioning characteristics. The study was conducted at SMK Negeri 57 South Jakarta, using a simple random technique for 135 students. Data were analyzed using a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with the SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) method. The findings of the study show that: (1) Steps to develop a valid and reliable social intelligence scale instrument are; synthesis, construct, type of instrument, instrument lattice, instrument items, theoretical validation, trial, calculate validity and reliability, instrument assembly. (2) The dimensions and indicators underlying the concept of social intelligence scale are; component of social awareness (dimensions of basic empathy, dimensions of alignment, empathic accuracy, social understanding), components of social facilities (dimensions of synchronization, self-appearance, influence, concern). (3) Calculation of instrument validity using total gain correlation formula, Pearson product moment with a significance level of 0.05; r table = 0.176. (4) Instrument reliability is α = 0.858.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen skala yang dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi dalam relasinya dengan kesiapan siswa untuk memasuki dunia kerja dengan karakteristik commissioning yang sangat tinggi. Penelitian dilakukan di SMK Negeri 57 Jakarta Selatan, menggunakan teknik acak sederhana untuk 135 siswa. Data dianalisis menggunakan Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) dengan metode SEM (Structural Equation Modeling). Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Langkah-langkah untuk mengembangkan instrumen skala kecerdasan sosial yang valid dan dapat diandalkan adalah; sintesis, konstruk, jenis instrumen, instrumen kisi, item instrumen, validasi teoretis, percobaan, menghitung validitas dan reliabilitas, perakitan instrumen. (2) Dimensi dan indikator yang mendasari konsep skala kecerdasan sosial adalah; komponen kesadaran sosial (dimensi empati dasar, dimensi keselarasan, akurasi empatik, pemahaman sosial), komponen fasilitas sosial (dimensi sinkronisasi, penampilan diri, pengaruh, kepedulian). (3) Perhitungan validitas instrumen menggunakan rumus korelasi total gain, Pearson product moment dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,05; r tabel = 0,176. (4) Keandalan instrumen adalah α = 0,858.How to Cite : Tjalla, A. (2018). Developing Social Intelligence Scale Instruments for Vocational School (SMK) Students. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 5(2), 145-154. doi:10.15408/tjems.v5i2.10622.
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Law, Mary. "Measurement in Occupational Therapy: Scientific Criteria for Evaluation." Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 54, no. 3 (June 1987): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000841748705400308.
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Measurement Instruments are used by occupational therapists to describe patients, predict recovery and evaluate immediate treatment effect within their clinical practice. An instrument's development and methodological properties are guided by the purpose of the instrument. In this paper, criteria are proposed for evaluating the utility of measurement tools used by occupational therapists. These criteria are discussed within the framework of the intended use of the instrument. The criteria include the instrument's purpose, clinical utility, construction and scaling, standardization, reliability, validity and responsiveness. An algorithm to guide therapists' appraisal of measurement instruments is included.
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Sridadi, Sridadi, and AM Bandi Utama. "PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN TES KETERAMPILAN DASAR BOLATANGAN BAGI MAHASISWA." Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Indonesia 12, no. 2 (November 30, 2017): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jpji.v12i2.17110.
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AbstractThis study aims to: (1) Develop basic skills test instruments handball, (2) Determine the validity and reliability ofestimating basic test instruments handball, (3) Creating a grain basic test instruments handball valid. The researchmethod uses research and development. The subjects were 30 students of sixth semester, PJKR’s student. Datacollection instruments such as observation sheets and questionnaires. The instrument used to obtain informationexpert (expert judgment). Number judge involved three people. Validity determined by content validity and reliabilityof the instrument using the correlation Inter Rater. The results of the correlation coeffcient calculation, it is knownthat the rater score 1 = 0.999, 2 = 0.996 rater score, and score rater 3 = 0.991. The results estimated by the reliabilitycalculation of rxx Alpha coeffcient = 0.994. The result of the development of the form of instrument tests basicskills handball for students produce three (3) types of test are: (1) The test of skills passing the target wall (time:30 seconds), (2) Tests dribbling skills (time: 30 seconds) (3) test skill shot flying perform three shots from threepositions: left, center and right.Key Words : instrument development, handball basic skill, student.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan: (1) Mengembangkan instrumen tes keterampilan dasar bola tangan, (2) Mengetahuivaliditas dan mengestimasi reliabilitas instrumen tes dasar bola tangan, (3) Menciptakan butir-butir instrumentes dasar bola tangan yang valid. Metode penelitian menggunakan research and development. Subjek penelitianadalah 30 mahasiswa semester VI, prodi PJKR FIK UNY. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa lembar observasidan kuesioner. Instrumen digunakan untuk mendapatkan informasi ahli (expert judgement). Jumlah judge yangterlibat 3 orang. Validitas diketahui dengan validitas isi dan reliabilitas instrumen menggunakan korelasi Inter Rater.Hasil penghitungan koefsien korelasi, diketahui bahwa skor rater 1 = 0,999, skor rater 2 = 0,996, dan skor rater 3= 0,991. Hasil penghitungan reliabilitas diestimasi dengan Koefsien Alpha sebesar rxx =0,994. Hasil pengembanganberupa instrumen tes keterampilan dasar bola tangan bagi mahasiswa menghasilkan 3 (tiga) jenis tes yaitu: (1) Tesketerampilan passing dengan sasaran ke tembok ( waktu: 30 detik), (2) Tes keterampilan dribbling (waktu: 30 detik),(3) Tes keterampilan flyingshot melakukan 3 kali tembakan dari tiga posisi: kiri, tengah, dan kanan.Kata kunci: Pengembangan instrumen, keterampilan dasar, bola tangan, mahasiswa.
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Chamisijatin, Lise, Yuni Pantiwati, and Siti Zaenab. "Pendampingan Peningkatan Mutu Satuan Pendidikan Melalui Penyusunan Tiga Instrumen Utama Di SMP Muhammadiyah 02 Kota Batu." Sasambo: Jurnal Abdimas (Journal of Community Service) 4, no. 2 (May 19, 2022): 249–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36312/sasambo.v4i2.673.
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Kemampuan guru dalam menyusun instrument Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM) belum dimiliki oleh guru SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Batu. Untuk itu perlu pendampingan tentang penyusunan instrumen soal berbasis AKM. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pendampingan peningkatan mutu satuan pendidikan melalui penyusunan instrumen utama di SMP Muhammadiyah 02 Kota Batu. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah: (1) Pelatihan tentang pengembangan instrumen AKM, Survei Karakter, dan Survei Lingkungan Belajar, dan (2) Pendampingan tentang pengembangan instrumen AKM. Adapun rincian kegiatan adalah sebagai berikut. Berdasarkan serangkaian kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat melalui pendampingan pengembangan instrumen AKM, Survei Karakter, dan Survei Lingkungan Belajar pada guru SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Batu, telah dilaksanakan dengan baik. Kegiatan ini meliputi pelatihan instrumen AKM, Survei Karakter, dan Survei Lingkungan Belajar dan pendampingan penyusunan instrumen AKM berciri literasi membaca dan literasi numerasi. Guru SMP Muhammadiyah 02 Batu dapat mengembangkan instrumen dalam bentuk kumpulan soal berciri literasi membaca dan numerasi, yang selanjutnya instrumen ini dapat digunakan sebagai panduan pemberian tugas pada siswa dalam proses pembelajaran guna menyiapkan AKM. Produk instrumen yang dihasilkan memuat soal literasi membaca dan literasi numerasi pada matapelajaran IPA, Matematika, IPS, Bahasa Indonesia, Bahasa Inggris, Bahasa Indonesia dan Pendidikan Agama Islam Assistance in improving the quality of education units through the preparation of three main instruments at SMP Muhammadiyah 02 Batu City The teacher's ability to develop the Minimum Competency Assessment (AKM) instrument is not yet owned by the teachers of SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Batu. For this reason, assistance is needed in the preparation of AKM-based question instruments. This activity aims to provide assistance to improve the quality of education units through the preparation of the main instrument at SMP Muhammadiyah 02 Batu City. The methods of implementing the activities carried out are (1) Training on the development of AKM instruments, Character Surveys, and Learning Environment Surveys, and (2) Assistance in the development of AKM instruments. The details of the activities are as follows. Based on a series of community service activities through assistance in developing AKM instruments, Character Surveys, and Learning Environment Surveys for SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Batu teachers, have been carried out well. These activities include training on AKM instruments, Character Surveys, and Learning Environment Surveys, and assistance in the preparation of AKM instruments characterized by reading literacy and numeracy literacy. Teachers of SMP Muhammadiyah 02 Batu can develop instruments in the form of a collection of questions characterized by reading literacy and numeracy, which then can be used as a guide for giving assignments to students in the learning process to prepare AKM. The resulting instrument product contains reading literacy and numeracy literacy questions in science, mathematics, social studies, Indonesian, English, Indonesian, and Islamic religious education subjects
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Ismunarti, Dwi Haryo, Muhammad Zainuri, Denny Nugroho Sugianto, and Suradi Widjaya Saputra. "Pengujian Reliabilitas Instrumen Terhadap Variabel Kontinu Untuk Pengukuran Konsentrasi Klorofil- A Perairan." Buletin Oseanografi Marina 9, no. 1 (September 18, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v9i1.23924.
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Instrumen penelitian adalah alat ukur yang digunakan secara sistematis untuk mengumpulkan data penelitian. Hasil penelitian yang baik diperoleh jika instrumen yang digunakan valid dan reliabel. Reliabilitas instrumen menunjukkan ketepatan atau sejauh mana hasil pengukuran instrumen dapat direplikasi. Reliabilitas menjadi salah satu parameter penting dalam menentukan kualitas suatu instrumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memilih statistik uji yang paling tepat terhadap pengujian reliabilitas terhadap instrumen untuk konsentrasi klorofil-a perairan. Data konsentrasi klorofil-a perairan diperoleh dari dua instrumen yaitu : metode spektrofotometri dari 14 stasiun pengamatan di Teluk Semarang Jawa Tengah dan penginderaan jauh. Statistik uji yang paling tepat digunakan adalah Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC). Nilai ICC adalah rasio antara varians objek terhadap varians total. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai ICC = 0,83 artinya 83 % keragaman data disebabkan keragaman objek dalam hal ini stasiun penelitian. Tidak terdapat bias pengukuran konsentrasi klorofil-a dari kedua instrumen, karena reliabilitas kedua instrumen mendekati sempurna. A research instrument is a measuring tool used systematically to collect the data. A good result of the research is obtained if the instrument is reliable. The reliability of the instrument showed accuracy on instrument measurement could be replicated. Reliability is one of the important parameters in determining the quality of the device. This study is aimed at selecting the most appropriate test of statistics in the reliability of the instrument for chlorophyll-a water concentrations. The data of chlorophyll-a waters concentration is gained from two instruments called spectrophotometric method from 14 observation stations in Semarang Bay, Central Java, and remote sensing. The best test statistic is the Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC). The value on ICC is the ratio between the variance of the object at total variance. The results showed that ICC = 0.83, meaning that 83% of a variety of data is due to the diversity of objects in these research stations. There is no bias in measuring the chlorofil-a concentration using the two instruments because the reliability of the two devices is closely perfect.
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Kang, Sangmi. "Motivation and Preference for Acoustic or Tablet-Based Musical Instruments: Comparing Guitars and Gayageums." Journal of Research in Music Education 66, no. 3 (July 11, 2018): 278–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022429418785379.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of motivation on upper-grade elementary students’ preferences for acoustic or tablet-based instruments. The effect of cultural familiarity on musical instrument preference was also investigated. Participants ( N = 138) were classified by motivation levels (low, medium-low, medium-high, and high) and played the guitar, tablet-based guitar, gayageum (Korean string instrument), and tablet-based gayageum. After playing each instrument, participants rated preferences and provided their reasons. Results of the mixed-model ANOVA revealed two significant main effects for instrumental mode (acoustic vs. tablet-based) and motivation on instrument preference. A significant three-way interaction was also found: Cultural Familiarity × Mode × Motivation. The two main effects of mode and motivation produced a general pattern in instrument preference: (a) Students generally preferred acoustic instruments to tablet-based instruments, and (b) the level of motivation was associated with the degree of preference ratings. However, the interaction effect deviated from the general pattern; the low motivation group participants’ preference ratings between acoustic and tablet-based guitars were not significantly different. This deviation from the general pattern appeared only for the culturally familiar instrument (guitar) but not the culturally unfamiliar instrument (gayageum) among the low motivation group.
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Woebkenberg, Mary Lynn, and John Palassis. "Instrument Performance Criteria Portable Photoionization Detector Instruments." Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 12, no. 8 (August 1997): 528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1047322x.1997.10390041.
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Santoso, Bagus Jati, F. X. Arunanto, Siti Rochimah, and Dini Adni Navastara. "Rancang Bangun dan Implementasi Aplikasi Electronic Instrument Database System." Jurnal Ilmiah FIFO 11, no. 1 (June 18, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/fifo.2019.v10i1.001.
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For all real-time industrial processes in a company, the entire system must be well-controlled to ensure an effective, efficient and reliable operations. Therefore, several electronic instruments are needed to measure physical quantities, such as temperature, pressure and others. As in one of the largest liquefaction natural gas processing company in Indonesia which involves highly extensive production processes, the existence of electronic instruments is unquestionably essential to ensure the progression of the production process while avoiding risks.To increase the speed, accuracy and quality of data over the electrical instrument in the company, it is necessary to build an electronic instrument data processing application system, called the Electronic Instrument Database System (ELIDA), so that it can provide convenience for the users in managing and monitoring the data of electronic instrument. The built ELIDA system will be integrated with several existing Oracle-based systems, including EBS-SCM for supply chain management, EBS-EAM for Enterprise Asset Management, and Oracle HRMS for human resource management so that the data consistency and the operational smoothness of the company can be ensured.Keywords : electronic instrument, database, application AbstrakUntuk semua proses yang berjalan real-time di perusahaan, keseluruhan sistem harus dikendalikan secara baik untuk menjamin operasional yang efektif, efisien, dan handal. Karenanya, beberapa perangkat instrumen elektronik diperlukan untuk mengukur kuantitas fisikal seperti temperatur, tekanan, dan lainnya. Tak terkecuali di salah satu perusahaan pengolahan gas alam cair terbesar di Indonesia dimana melibatkan proses produksi yang sangat panjang, keberadaan perangkat instrumen elektronik mutlak diperlukan untuk menjamin jalannya proses produksi sekaligus menghindarkan terjadinya resiko.Dalam upaya peningkatan kecepatan, keakurasian, dan kualitas data-data instrumen di perusahaan tersebut, perlu dibangun sistem aplikasi pengolahan data instrument elektronik, atau disebut Electronic Instrument Database System (ELIDA), sehingga dapat memberikan kemudahan bagi pengguna data-data instrumen elektronik untuk melakukan pengelolaan dan pemantauan. Sistem ELIDA yang dibangun akan menggunakan framework Spring Hibernate dan terintegrasi dengan beberapa sistem berbasis Oracle yang sudah berjalan sebelumnya, diantaranya EBS-SCM untuk manajemen rantai pasok, EBS-EAM untuk manajamen aset perlengkapan, dan Oracle HRMS untuk manajemen sumber daya manusia sehingga konsistensi data dan kelancaran operasional perusahaan dapat terjamin.Kata Kunci: instrumen elektronik, basis data, aplikasi
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Ehlers, Georg, Morris L. Crow, Yacouba Diawara, Franz X. Gallmeier, Xiaosong Geng, Garrett E. Granroth, Raymond D. Gregory, et al. "Modern Trends in Neutron Scattering Instrument Technologies." Instruments 6, no. 3 (July 29, 2022): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/instruments6030022.
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This article reviews some current trends that can be observed in the development of neutron scattering instrument technologies. While the number of neutron scattering facilities worldwide and the number of beam days they offer are largely stable, their scientific impact is increasing through improving instrumental capabilities, new and more versatile instruments, and more efficient data collection protocols. Neutron beams are becoming smaller but more intense, and instruments are being designed to utilize more ‘useful’ neutrons in unit time. This article picks and discusses a few recent developments in the areas of integrated source and instrument design, use of computational tools, new detectors, and experiment automation.
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Owczarek-Ciszewska, Joanna. "Hammer mechanism instruments and their role in shaping the composition style of pieces written for keyboard instruments in the period of 1730-1780, part 1." Notes Muzyczny 1, no. 9 (June 20, 2018): 43–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.9898.
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The article constitutes the first part of a cycle devoted to keyboard instruments with hammer mechanism made between 1730 and 1780. The author’s intention is presenting a wide perspective of selected topics on keyboard instrument making in the 18th century and the influence of how instruments were made on music practice at that time. The aim seems justified due to scarce publications on this subject available in Polish, among other reasons. The first chapter briefly outlines general aspects of the 18th century music culture which was the background of the development of instrument making. As far as the theory of aesthetics was concerned, despite the predominance of vocal and instrumental music which used lyrics and their meaning, it was the period when rapid development of purely instrumental genres such as symphony or instrumental concerto took place. Also the popularisation of public and concert life, as well as home music-making gave an impulse for the development of instrument making. The second chapter touches on the invention of Bartolomeo Cristofori, its earlier reception and the role of Domenico Scarlatti in the popularisation of that instrument. Attempts to construct a keyboard instrument with a mechanism making the strings vibrate by striking them date back to the 15th century. However, the turning point in the history of all family of string keyboard instruments was only when in 1698 Cristoforti constructed a technically advanced hammer action mechanism, with enabled nuancing piano e forte dynamics on the traditional cembalo. Probably, among first promoters of the new instrument was Scarlatti and it was through him that grand pianos appeared on Portuguese and Spanish courts. Despite certain stylistic features proving that he was inspired by the capacities of the new instrument, there is no explicit evidence that Scarlatti’s Sonatas were meant for the piano. Nevertheless, the name pianoforte (piano e forte) does appear on title pages of works written by two other composers of that time, i.e., Lodovico Giustini and Sebastián de Albero, and their pieces have been briefly analysed at the end of the article.
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Shinta, Debi, and Dadan Rosana. "DEVELOPING PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT FOR MEASURING SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES." Jurnal Kependidikan: Penelitian Inovasi Pembelajaran 1, no. 1 (July 12, 2017): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jk.v1i1.8421.
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This study was aimed at developing an instrument of performance assessment based on the 7E learning cycle model and finding out the result of students’ scientific attitude measurement using the instrument. The study was conducted by adapting the Borg and Gall research method. The subjects of this study were students of grade eight of State Junior High School 2 Binangun, Cilacap, Central Java. Data were obtained from: first, experts’ judgements in determining the content validity of the instrument. Second, scores of the limited field try-out used in determining the reliability of the instrument, data collection instruments in the form of observation sheet, self assessment, and peer assessment. Third, students’ scientific attitudes in field try-out used to show the result of the measurement using the instrument. Findings show that the developed instrument of performance assessment is valid and reliable; and feasible to be used for measuring scientific attittudes, with measurement results in the good category equally for the three data collection instrumentsPENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN KINERJAUNTUK MENGUKUR SIKAP ILMIAHPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen performance assessment berbasis model learning cycle 7E yang layak digunakan dan mengetahui hasil pengukuran sikap ilmiah menggunakan instrumen yang telah dikembangkan. Penelitian ini dikembangkan dengan adaptasi model Borg and Gall. Subjek uji coba yaitu peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Binangun, Kabupaten Cilacap, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh melalui: pertama, penilaian berdasarkan masukan para ahli, untuk menentukan validitas isi instrumen. Kedua, hasil uji coba terbatas untuk menentukan reliabilitas instrumen, instrumen pengumpulan data berupa lembar observasi, penilaian diri, dan penilaian antarteman. Ketiga, data hasil sikap ilmiah peserta didik pada uji coba lapangan digunakan untuk mengetahui hasil pengukuran dengan instrumen yang telah dikembangkan. Instrumen performance assessment berbasis model learning cycle 7E yang dikembangkan dinyatakan valid dan reliabel sehingga layak digunakan serta terbukti dapat digunakan untuk mengukur sikap ilmiah peserta didik dengan hasil ukur pada kategori baik yang setara pada ketiga instrumen pengumpulan data
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Sulaeman, Nurul Fitriyah, and Atin Nuryadin. "PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN DIAGNOSTIK ONLINE BERBASIS ORDERED MULTIPLE CHOICE PADA MATERI USAHA DAN ENERGI UNTUK SISWA SMA." Vidya Karya 32, no. 2 (September 4, 2018): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jvk.v32i2.5232.
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Abstract. Ordered Multiple Choice (OMC) is an alternative diagnostic instrument to measure students' conceptual understanding. This instrument is rarely developed in high school physics material especially on energy. Moreover, accommodating the advancement of computer and technology, the development of OMC online instruments offers much ease of use. The purpose of this study is to develop an OMC Online instrument on energy materials for high school students. This research was conducted using four building blocks development steps which consist of construct map, items' design, outcome space and measurement model. The results showed that the OMC Online energy’s instrument construct map consists of 3 sub-materials, namely work and energy concepts, work and energy relationships and energy conservation laws. The OMC online instrument of energy consists of 22 valid items with a reliability parameter of 0.80 and difficulty level around easy to moderate. Keywords: Ordered Multiple Choice (OMC), Energy, Diagnostic Instrument Abstrak. Ordered Multiple Choice (OMC) merupakan instrumen penilaian pilihan ganda berorde yang mampu menjadi alternatif instrumen diagnostik pemahaman konsep siswa. Bentuk instrumen ini masih jarang dikembangkan pada mata pelajaran Fisika SMA khususnya pada energi. Mengakomodasi kemajuan teknologi komputer, pengembangan instrumen OMC online menawarkan banyak kemudahan dalam penggunaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan instrumen OMC Online pada materi energi untuk siswa SMA. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan menggunakan langkah pengembangan four building blocks yang terdiri dari tahap construct map, items’ design, outcome space dan measurement model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa construct map instrumen OMC Online materi energi terdiri dari 3 sub materi yaitu konsep usaha dan energi, hubungan usaha dan energi dan hukum kekekalan energi. Instrumen OMC online materi energi yang telah dikembangkan terdiri atas 22 item valid dengan parameter reliabilitas sebesar 0,80 serta tingkat kesukaran mudah hingga sedang. Kata Kunci: Ordered Multiple Choice (OMC), Energi, Instrumen Diagnostik
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Mičić, Nataša. "Instrumenti Međunarodnog Platnog Prometa - Bankarske Garancije/ Instruments of Payment - Bank Guarantees." ECONOMICS 3, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 89–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eoik-2015-0020.
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Rezime U izvršenju spoljnotrgovinskih plaćanja postoje mogućnosti upotrebe širokog spektra instrumenata. Svaki od njih ima svoje specifičnosti na koje ćemo ukazati. Ubjedljivo najviše korišćeni instrument međunarodnih plaćanja je dokumentarni akreditiv. Pored akreditiva i „tradicionalniih“ instrumenata plaćanja - čeka i mjenice, u spoljnotrgovinskom poslu postoji i mogućnost plaćanja bankarskim doznakama, što se uglavnom koristi za avansna plaćanja (plaćanja unaprijed, pre prijema robe), što nosi određene rizike za kupca. Postoji i mogućnosti dokumentarne naplate - tzv. dokumentarni inkaso. Kod tog instrumenta je obnut red poteza od doznačavanja sredstava unaprijed. To nosi rizik za prodavca koji šalje robu unaprijred, a posebno šalje dokumenta na naplatu, a ona se naplate kada se kupac saglasi. Instrumenti platnog prometa su predmet ovog rada.
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PUTRI, ALIFIAH ALFANIAH ALFATTAH. "PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN TES LITERASI SAINS PADA DIMENSI PENGETAHUAN MATERI ASAM BASA." SCIENCE : Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Matematika dan IPA 2, no. 4 (January 3, 2023): 536–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.51878/science.v2i4.1797.
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This research is research and development (Research and Development) which aims to produce a scientific literacy test instrument on the knowledge dimension of acid-base material that is feasible, practical and effective. Development of test instruments prepared with the 4D development model includes; the define, design, develop, and disseminate stages will be carried out by publishing a journal in the Education Innovation Journal. The test instrument developed was validated by three validation experts and item validation was carried out at SMAN 21 Makassar class XI MIPA. The developed scientific literacy test instrument was analyzed for content validation and item validity. And obtaining content validity using the Aiken v index coefficient for the average item scores 0.92 with very good criteria. For item validity on students' scientific literacy test instruments, several tests were carried out, namely: 1. Biseral point validity with 15 questions declared valid and five questions invalid, 2. Kr-20 reliability with a value of 0.73 scientific literacy test instrument had good reliability, 3 .Different power distribution of 20% is bad, 70% is enough and 10% is good, and 4. The distribution of difficulty level is 15% Difficult, 70% Medium and 15% Easy. The development of a scientific literacy test instrument on the dimension of knowledge of acid-base material from the criteria: 1. the feasibility of the test instrument has met the good criteria, 2. the effectiveness of the developed instrument has not met, in the study only 46% of the classical absorption was obtained while to conclude the effectiveness of the instrument developed classical absorption must be> 80%, 3. The practicality of the instrument developed on practical criteria, based on student response questionnaires obtained an average of 72% with practical criteria. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) yang bertujuan menghasilkan instrumen tes literasi sains pada dimensi pengetahuan materi asam basa yang layak, praktis dan efektif. Pengembangan instrumen tes disusun dengan model pengembangan 4D meliputi; tahap pendefinisian (define), perancangan (design), pengembangan (develop), dan pada tahap penyebarluasan (desseminate) akan dilaksanakan dengan menerbitkan jurnal pada Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan. Instrumen tes yang dikembangakan divalidasi oleh tiga validasi ahli dan validasi item dilakukan di SMAN 21 Makassar kelas XI MIPA. Instrumen tes literasi sains yang dikembangkan dianalsis validasi isi dan validitas item. Dan memperoleh validitas isi menggunakan koefisien indeks aiken v untuk butir soal rata-rata memperoleh nilai 0.92 dengan kriteria sangat baik. Untuk validitas item pada instrumen tes literasi sains peserta didik dilakukan beberapa uji yaitu: 1. Validitas point biseral dengan 15 soal dinyatakan valid dan lima soal tidak valid, 2. Reliabilitas Kr-20 dengan nilai 0.73 instrumen tes literasi sains memiliki rebilitas yang baik, 3. Distribusi daya beda 20% jelek, 70% cukup dan 10% baik, dan 4. Distribusi tingkat kesukaran sebesar 15% Sukar, 70% Sedang dan 15% Mudah. Pengembangan instrumen tes literasi sains pada dimensi pengetahuan materi asam basa dari kriteria: 1. kelayakan instrumen tes telah memenuhi dengan kriteria baik, 2. keefektifitas dari instrumen yang dikembangkan belum memenuhi, dalam penelitian hanya 46% daya serap klasikal yang diperoleh sedangkan untuk menyimpulkan efektifnya instrumen yang dikembangkan daya serap klasikal harus >80%, 3. Kepraktisan dari instrumen yang dikembangakan pada kriteria praktis, berdasarkan angket respon peserta didik diperoleh rata-rata 72% dengan kriteria praktis.
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Bari, Agata J. I., Muslimin Ibrahim, and Yuliani Yuliani. "Pengembangan instrumen penilaian kinerja keterampilan membuat alat laboratorium respirometer sederhana." JPBIO (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi) 5, no. 1 (April 7, 2020): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31932/jpbio.v5i1.581.
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Tidak tersedianya instrumen penilaian kinerja yang layak digunakan (valid, reliabel dan praktis) untuk mengukur hasil belajar siswa terutama pada materi respirasi hewan, menyebabkan guru hanya melakukan penilaian kognitif dan afektif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan instrument penilaian kinerja membuat alat respirometer sederhana yang valid, reliabel dan praktis. Penelitian ini menggunakan model penelitian pengembangan yang dikembangkan oleh Borg & Gall. Validitas diperoleh dari hasil penilaian dua validator, reliabilitas dihitung menggunakan rumus Spearman Brown yang dibantu dengan SPSS 24, sedangkan kepraktisan instrumen dilihat dari keterlaksanaannya. Berdasarkan modus kategori validitas maka disimpulkan hasil validasi instrumen penilaian keterampilan kinerja membuat respirometer sederhana memiliki kategori valid dengan reliabilitas instrumen 0,96 sehingga dikategorikan reliabel, dan kepraktisan berdasarkan penilaian pengamatan sebesar 96,88%, dan angket guru sebesar 91,67% sehingga dikategorikan praktis.Kata kunci: Instrumen penilaian, kinerja, keterampilan, respirometer sederhana The development of skills performance laboratory assessment making simple respirometer instrument. The unavailability of appropriate performance appraisal instruments (valid, reliable and practical) to measure student learning outcomes, especially on animal respiration material, causes teachers to only conduct cognitive and affective assessments.The purpose of this study is to produce a performance appraisal instrument to make a simple, reliable and practical respirometer. This study uses a development model developed by Borg & Gall. Validity was obtained from the results of the assessment of two validators, reliability was calculated using the Spearman Brown formula which was assisted with SPSS 24, while the practicality of the instrument was seen from its implementation. Based on the validity category mode, it was concluded that the results of the validation of the performance skills assessment instrument made the respirometer simply have a valid category with an instrument reliability is 0.96 so that it was categorized as reliable, and practicality was based on an observer's assessment is 96.88%, and the teacher questionnaire is 91.67% so that it was categorized as practical.Keywords: Assessment instrument, the performance, skills, simple respirometer
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Longa, Maria Katharina. "Instrumen performance assessment berbasis kerja laboratorium untuk mengukur keterampilan proses dan sikap ilmiah." Measurement In Educational Research (Meter) 1, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33292/meter.v1i1.109.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik instrumen, mengetahui kualitas instrumen, dan mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan instrumen performance assessment berbasis kerja laboratorium untuk mengukur keterampilan proses dan sikap ilmiah. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik instrumen performance assessment terdiri atas lembar observasi dan soal tes uraian. Analisis validitas isi melalui indeks Aiken menghasilkan indeks validitas yang tinggi berkisar antara 0,67 hingga 1,00. Nilai rerata infit dan outfit MNSQ mendekati 1,00 menyatakan keseluruhan pola jawaban serta tampilan kerja laboratorium adalah fit. Nilai rerata infit dan outfit ZSTD mendekati 0,0 menyatakan keseluruhan instrumen berkualitas bagus. Reliabilitas instrumen secara keseluruhan pada lembar observasi dan soal kognitif menunjukkan koefisien yang sangat bagus. Pengukuran keterampilan proses dan sikap ilmiah sangat tinggi dengan persentase berturut-turut 62,03% dan 65,82%. Performance assessment instrument based on laboratory work to measure scientific processes skill and attitude AbstractThis research aims to know the characteristics of the instrument, know the quality of the instruments, and find out the effectiveness of the use of performance assessment instrument based on laboratory work to measure scientific processes skill and attitude. This study used to research and development of 4-D. The results show that the performance assessment instrument consists of observation sheets and essay test questions. Analysis of the validity of the content through Aiken's V generate a high validity index range from 0.67 up to 1.00. The average value of infit and outfit MNSQ approaching 1.00 which means that the overall pattern of answers as well as the display of the work of the laboratory of students is fit. The average value of infit and outfit ZSTD approaching 0.0 which means that the overall is good quality instruments. The reliability of the instrument as a whole sheet of observation and the cognitive problem shows very good coefficients. The measurement of process skills and scientific attitudes showed to have a very high ability with the percentage of 62.03% and 65.82%.
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Suryani, Meri, Bambang Hariyadi, and Yusnaidar Yusnaidar. "Pengembangan Asesmen Guru Biologi dalam Merancang Perangkat Pembelajaran Berbasis Kompetensi Pedagogik dan Profesional." BIODIK 8, no. 2 (June 22, 2022): 154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/bio.v8i2.16432.
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This study aims to determine the development of the assessment instrument for biology teachers in designing learning tools based on pedagogic and professional competencies and the principal's perception of the assessment instruments that have been developed. The type of research used is instrument development research from the ADDIE model, this model has 5 stages, namely: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. Instrument products before being tested are validated, product validation is carried out by material experts and design experts. Material expert validation got a score of 92% in the "Very Appropriate" category, so the assessment instrument was said to be feasible. Furthermore, the validation of the design experts got a score of 92% in the "Very Appropriate" category, then the practicality of the instrument resulted in 92% in the "Very Practical" category. This assessment instrument was tested one by one by researchers on three principals in Tebo Regency, namely SMA Negeri 3, SMA Negeri 10 and MAN 2. The results of the one-on-one trial were: (1) On each item in the assessment instrument that had been made the material or message conveyed or the purpose of using the assessment instrument is clear to the user. (2) The impact on users is that it can make it easier to make assessments of teachers, the items are specific. (3) The feasibility of using the product is in accordance with the available time. (4) The suitability of the items of the assessment instrument with the real world according to the user is appropriate. The field trial stage obtained an effectiveness of 92% with the "Very Effective" category. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the assessment instrument developed could be used by school principals on biology teachers in designing learning tools based on pedagogic and professional competencies. Key words: assessment instruments, teaching tools, pedagogic and professional competence, high school biology teacher Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengembangan instrumen asesmen guru biologi dalam merancang perangkat pembelajaran berbasis kompetensi pedagogik dan profesional dan persepsi kepala sekolah pada instrumen asesmen yang telah dikembangkan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pengembangan instrumen dari model ADDIE, model ini terdapat 5 tahap yaitu: analysis, design, development, implementation dan evaluation. Produk instrumen sebelum diujicobakan terlebih dahulu divalidasi, validasi produk dilakukan oleh ahli materi dan ahli desain. Validasi ahli materi mendapatkan skor 92% kategori “Sangat Sesuai”, sehingga instrumen asesmen dikatakan layak. Selanjutnya validasi ahli desain mendapatkan skor 92% kategori “Sangat Sesuai”, kemudian praktikalitas instrumen dihasilkan sebesar 92% kategori “Sangat Praktis”. Intrumen asesmen ini diuji coba satu-satu oleh peneliti pada tiga kepala sekolah di Kabupaten Tebo yaitu SMA Negeri 3, SMA Negeri 10 dan MAN 2. Hasil uji coba satu-satu yaitu : (1) Pada tiap butir di dalam instrumen asesmen yang telah dibuat materi atau pesan yang disampaikan atau tujuan dari penggunaan instrumen asesmen tersebut sudah jelas bagi pengguna. (2) Dampak bagi pengguna yakni dapat mempermudah dalam melakukan asesmen kepada guru, itemnya sudah spesifik. (3) Kelayakan penggunaan produk tersebut sudah sesuai dengan ketersediaan waktu yang ada (4) Kecocokan butir instrumen asesmen dengan dunia nyata menurut pengguna yaitu sesuai. Tahap uji coba lapangan diperoleh efektivitas sebesar 92% dengan kategori “Sangat Efektif”. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa instrumen asesmen yang dikembangkan dapat digunakan oleh kepala sekolah terhadap guru biologi dalam merancang perangkat pembelajaran berbasis kompetensi pedagogic dan profesional. Kata kunci: Instrumen asesmen, perangkat mengacajar, kompetensi pedagogik dan profesional, guru Biologi SMA
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Hindrasti, Nur eka kusuma. "Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Literasi Kelautan untuk Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas." Jurnal Kiprah 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31629/kiprah.v6i2.855.
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ABSTRACTThe preliminary study of students' understanding of the sea, where the sea is an important object in maritime affairs, is very much needed to support the academic curriculum which was initiated by the Indonesian Government. Understanding of the sea internationally has been widely studied in ocean literacy. Studies on marine literacy in Indonesia are still very few, even though Indonesia is the second country with the longest coastline in the world. Ocean literacy instruments need to be developed in advance to conduct a preliminary study of ocean literacy. The purpose of this study was to produce a valid and reliable ocean literacy assessment instrument for high school students. The stages in developing instruments include: designing, testing, determining validity, and determining the reliability of the instrument. The results of the study showed that ocean literacy instruments included a ocean insight test, questionnaire of student's attitude towards the sea, and questionnaire of student's behavior towards the sea. The instruments that have been produced was valid and reliable.
Keywords: instrument of ocean literacy
ABSTRAKKajian awal mengenai pemahaman siswa terhadap laut, dimana laut adalah objek penting dalam kemaritiman, sangat dibutuhkan untuk mendukung kurikulum kemairitiman yang mulai digagas oleh Pemerintah Indonesia. Pemahaman terhadap laut secara internasional telah banyak dikaji dalam literasi kelautan (ocean literacy). Kajian tentang literasi kelautan di Indonesia masih sangat sedikit, padahal Indonesia adalah negara kedua dengan garis pantai terpanjang sedunia. Instrumen literasi kelautan perlu dikembangkan terlebih dahulu guna melakukan kajian awal mengenai literasi kelautan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan instrumen penilaian literasi kelautan untuk siswa SMA yang valid dan reliabel. Tahapan dalam pengembangan instrumen mencakup: perancangan, uji coba, penetapan validitas, dan penetapan realibilitas instrumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa instrumen literasi kelautan meliputi tes wawasan kelautan, angket sikap kepedulian siswa terhadap laut, dan angket perilaku siswa terhadap laut. Instrumen yang dihasilkan valid dan reliable.
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Prastya, Dian. "PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN MENDENGARKAN SANDIWARA BAHASA JAWA SMP KELAS IX BERBASIS KULTURAL DI KOTA SEMARANG." Piwulang : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Jawa 7, no. 2 (January 17, 2020): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/piwulang.v7i2.19737.
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Abstract
This study is based on the fact that the listening rating achievments of the school play have not in accordance with literary discourse listening test. Usually, the teacher only gives brief description of the play. Therefore, the aim of this study is develop cultural based of listening instrument in thetrical subject. This reseach uses resesarch and development design. Reseach data were obtained from interviews and valid test questionnaires. The instrument produced according to the eeds of the teacher, the instrument of cultural-based theatrical play which contains the recording of the plays of Prince Mangkubumi (Pandanaran II) and nine forms of listening to the literally discourse. Expert states that the instruments and recording of plays are valid with revisions.
Keywords: listening plays, assessment instruments.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini didasari pada kenyataan bahwa penilaian mendengarkan sandiwara di sekolah belum sesuai dengan keterampilan mendengarkan wacana sastra. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengembangkan instrumen penilaian mendengarkan sandiwara berbasis kultural. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Research and Development. Data penelitian diperoleh dari wawancara dan angket uji validasi. Instrumen yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan guru, yaitu instrumen penialaian sandiwara berbasis kultural yang berisikan rekamana sandiwara Pangeran Mangkubumi (Pandanaran II) dan sembilan bentuk soal mendengarkan wacana sastra.Hasil uji ahli menyatakan bahwa instrumen dan rekaman sandiwara valid dengan revisi.
Kata kunci: mendengarkan sandiwara, instrumen penilaian.
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Andersen, Kristina, and Dan Gibson. "The Instrument as the Source of New in New Music." Design Issues 33, no. 3 (July 2017): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/desi_a_00450.
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How can we treat technological matter as yet another material from which our notions of possible future instruments can be constructed, intrinsically intertwined with, and informed by a practice of performance? We strive to develop musical-performance instruments not only by creating technology, but also in developing them as aesthetic and cultural objects. A musical instrument is not an interface and should not be designed as such; instead, new instruments are the source of new in new music. Like any traditional instrument, a new instrument's potential for producing quality musical sound can only be revealed when it is played. We present an instrument-design process conducted by a visionary and an agenda-setting musician. The resulting objects are experimental prototypes of technological matter, which allow analysis and meaning to be specified through physical and tactile interaction with the objects themselves. As the instruments evolve through various stages, their capability is continually enhanced, making them all the more desirable for musicians to play.
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Traldi, Cesar Adriano. "Exploração tímbrica em composição para tímpanos solo." ouvirOUver 13, no. 1 (May 25, 2017): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ouv20-v13n1a2017-14.
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Apesar de ser o instrumento de percussão mais utilizado no repertório orquestral, os tímpanos foram pouco explorados como instrumento solista até a metade do século XX. A evolução na construção e performance dos tímpanos e o surgimento de novas correntes composicionais no século XX tornaram possível explorações sonoras inovadoras nesse instrumento. Nesse artigo apresentamos uma composição para tímpanos solo onde a exploração tímbrica foi utilizada como principal elemento composicional. As possibilidades aqui descritas demonstram o grande potencial sonoro desse instrumento e a importância da pesquisa sonora no processo composicional para instrumentos de percussão.
ABSTRACT
Despite being the most used percussion instrument in the orchestral repertoire, the timpani were little explored as a solo instrument until the mid-twentieth century. Developments in the construction and performance of the timpani and the emergence of new compositional movements in the twentieth century made possible innovative sound holdings in this instrument. In this paper we present a timpani solo composition where timbral exploration was used as the main compositional element. The possibilities described here demonstrate the great sound potential of this instrument and the importance of sound research in the compositional process for percussion instruments.
KEYWORDS
Tímpani, timbral exploration, extended technique.
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Hodge, David R., and Trina R. Williams. "Assessing African American Spirituality with Spiritual Ecomaps." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 83, no. 5 (October 2002): 585–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.57.
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While there is increasing awareness that spirituality is a central dimension of human existence, there are few assessment instruments that operationalize spiritual strengths in a clinically useful manner. Further, instruments tailored specifically for African Americans, the population for whom spirituality may be most salient, have been almost completely lacking in the literature. Correspondingly, this paper develops a diagrammatic assessment instrument, spiritual ecomaps, for assessing African American spirituality. After delineating the theoretical components of a spiritual ecomap, practical suggestions are given for the instrument's use, including a number of possible interventions that flow from the assessment process. A case study is provided to familiarize the reader with the instrument. The paper concludes by offering suggestions for using the instrument for other populations in a culturally sensitive manner.
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Schenck, Robert. "Above all, Learning an Instrument must be Fun!" British Journal of Music Education 6, no. 1 (March 1989): 3–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265051700006811.
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This article deals with objectives in the teaching of musical instruments to children. Methods of establishing and re-establishing goals are suggested, and previous lists of objectives pertaining to music education in general, instrumental teaching and athletics are presented. Based on these lists, and on his experience as a teacher and consultant in instrumental methodology, the author presents a list of goals specifically formulated for the teaching of musical instruments to children. Some of the goals are far-reaching, dealing not only with progress on the instrument, but also with the overall musical and personal development of the pupils. The article concludes with a discussion about possible priorities among these objectives.
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Hall, Alastair R., Glenn D. Rudebusch, and David W. Wilcox. "Judging Instrument Relevance in Instrumental Variables Estimation." International Economic Review 37, no. 2 (May 1996): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2527324.
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Tchatoka, Firmin Doko. "SUBSET HYPOTHESES TESTING AND INSTRUMENT EXCLUSION IN THE LINEAR IV REGRESSION." Econometric Theory 31, no. 6 (November 17, 2014): 1192–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266466614000462.
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This paper explores the sensitivity of plug-in subset tests to instrument exclusion in structural models. Identification-robust statistics based on the plug-in principle have been developed for testing hypotheses specified on subsets of the structural parameters. However, their robustness to instrument exclusion has not been investigated. This paper proposes an analysis of the asymptotic distributions of the limited information maximum likelihood (LIML) estimator and plug-in statistics when potential instruments are omitted. Our results provide several new insights and extensions of earlier studies. We show that the exclusion of instruments can eliminate the first-stage, thus weakening identification and invalidating the plug-in subset inference. However, when instrument omission does not affect LIML consistency, it preserves the plug-in subset test validity, although LIML is no longer asymptotically efficient. Unlike the instrumental variable (IV) estimator, the LIML estimator of the identified linear combination of the nuisance parameter is not asymptotically a Gaussian mixture, even without instrument exclusion.
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McAdams, Stephen, Etienne Thoret, Grace Wang, and Marcel Montrey. "Timbral cues for learning to generalize musical instrument identity across pitch register." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 2 (February 2023): 797–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0017100.
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Timbre provides an important cue to identify musical instruments. Many timbral attributes covary with other parameters like pitch. This study explores listeners' ability to construct categories of instrumental sound sources from sounds that vary in pitch. Nonmusicians identified 11 instruments from the woodwind, brass, percussion, and plucked and bowed string families. In experiment 1, they were trained to identify instruments playing a pitch of C4, and in experiments 2 and 3, they were trained with a five-tone sequence (F#3–F#4), exposing them to the way timbre varies with pitch. Participants were required to reach a threshold of 75% correct identification in training. In the testing phase, successful listeners heard single tones (experiments 1 and 2) or three-tone sequences from (A3–D#4) (experiment 3) across each instrument's full pitch range to test their ability to generalize identification from the learned sound(s). Identification generalization over pitch varies a great deal across instruments. No significant differences were found between single-pitch and multi-pitch training or testing conditions. Identification rates can be predicted moderately well by spectrograms or modulation spectra. These results suggest that listeners use the most relevant acoustical invariance to identify musical instrument sounds, also using previous experience with the tested instruments.
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Knowles, Kenneth I., Nathan B. Hammond, Stephen G. Biggs, and Jose L. Ibarrola. "Incidence of Instrument Separation Using LightSpeed Rotary Instruments." Journal of Endodontics 32, no. 1 (January 2006): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2005.10.008.
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Yuniarti, Nurhening, and Soenarto Soenarto. "Validitas konstrak instrumen evaluasi outcome lembaga pendidikan guru vokasional." Jurnal Penelitian dan Evaluasi Pendidikan 20, no. 2 (November 21, 2016): 221–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/pep.v20i2.8448.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bukti validitas konstrak dari instrumen yang digunakan untuk kegiatan evaluasi outcome dari lembaga pendidikan guru vokasional. Instrumen ini terdiri atas 3 jenis instrumen. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Kriteria yang digunakan untuk melihat kecocokan model adalah: p-value, normed Chi-square (X2/df), RMSEA (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation), RMR (Root Mean-square Residual), GFI (Goodness-of-Fit Index), NFI (Normed Fit Index), Non-Normed Fit Index (NNFI), dan CFI (Comparative Fit Index). Bukti validitas instrumen dapat dilihat pada besarnya faktor loading dan t-value. Jika loading factor lebih besar dari 0,3 dengan t-valuelebih besar dari 1,96 maka butir pernyataan dapat dikategorikan valid. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh hasil: (1) pada instrumen I terdapat 26 butir yang dinyatakan valid; (2) pada instrumen II terdapat 23 butir yang dinyatakan valid; dan (3) pada instrumen III terdapat 18 butir yang dinyatakan valid.Kata kunci: validitas konstrak, evaluasi, lembaga pendidikan guru vokasional CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF OUTCOME EVALUATION INSTRUMENT IN VOCATIONAL TEACHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONAbstractThis research aims to get the construct validity evidence of the outcome evaluation instrument of vocational teacher education institution. The instrument consists of 3 kinds of instruments. The analysis technique that is used to test the construct validity is confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The criteria used to determine the goodness of fit were: p-value, normed Chi-square (X2/df), RMSEA (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation), RMR (Root Mean-square Residual), GFI (Goodness-of-Fit Index), NFI (Normed Fit Index), Non-Normed Fit Index (NNFI), and CFI (Comparative Fit Index). The evidence of the construct validity was based on the standardized loading factor and t-value. If the loading factor > 0.3 with t-value > 1.96, the item is valid. Based on the analysis, the research results are: (1) 26 item of the instrument I are categorized valid; (2) 23 items of instrument II are categorized valid; and (3) 18 items of instrument III are categorized valid.Keywords: construct validity, evaluation, vocational teacher education institution
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LIVINGSTON, HUGH. "Paradigms for the new string instrument: digital and materials technology." Organised Sound 5, no. 3 (December 2000): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771800005045.
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The applications of technology in instrument design contribute to the resulting sound on many levels, particularly in the context of new evolutions representing the traditional instruments of our culture. Materials technology is seldom given consideration in the description of Western string instruments, but our choices of woods, metals and synthetics can dramatically alter the sound without altering the substance of instrumental performance. In the design of modified string instruments which mimic features of natural acoustic predecessors, new technology is applied on many levels. A taxonomy is proposed for the past, present and future of instrument design. Due consideration is given to the music which results from the new sound world, especially that involving interactive electronic processing. The advantages and disadvantages of directions in instrument design for the future are evaluated within the proposed schema. Some extended techniques on the cello are proposed to be further extended with electronics, and audio examples and descriptions are provided. A model for future collaborations between composer, performer and engineer is proposed.
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Powell, Sean R. "Wind Instrument Intonation: A Research Synthesis." Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, no. 184 (April 1, 2010): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27861484.
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Abstract The development of intonation skills is among the many challenges facing instrumental music educators. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the research on wind instrument intonation in order to develop a consensus in regard to intonation perception and performance. The research studies reviewed are organized into three main sections: studies examining the physical factors of wind instruments that influence intonation, studies examining intonation perception and performance by players of wind instruments, and studies examining various methods to improve wind intonation. Discussion, conclusion, and implication sections are included following the review of the literature.
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Masson, O., E. Dooryhée, and A. N. Fitch. "Instrument line-profile synthesis in high-resolution synchrotron powder diffraction." Journal of Applied Crystallography 36, no. 2 (March 15, 2003): 286–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889803001031.
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An accurate method for synthesizing the instrumental line profile of high-resolution synchrotron powder diffraction instruments is presented. It is shown that the instrumental profile can be modelled by the convolution of four physical aberration functions: the equatorial intensity distribution, the monochromator and analyser transfer functions, and the axial divergence aberration function. Moreover, each equatorial aberration is related to an angle-independent function by a scale transform factor. The principles of the instrument line-profile calculation are general. They are applied in the case of the angle-dispersive powder X-ray diffraction beamline BM16 at the ESRF. The effects of each optical element on the overall instrument profile are discussed and the importance of the quality of the different optical elements of the instrument is emphasized. Finally, it is shown that the high resolution combined with the precise modelling of the instrument profile shape give access to a particle size as large as 3 µm.
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Raharja, Budi, and Suminto A. Sayuti. "PENGEMBANGAN KONSTRUK INSTRUMEN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN PRAKTIK KARAWITAN JAWA." Jurnal Penelitian dan Evaluasi Pendidikan 18, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 168–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/pep.v18i2.2859.
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Penelitian ini mengembangkan instrumen hasil pembelajaran praktik karawitan Jawa dari perspektif keterampilan dan sikap. Perspektif keterampilan menilai kemampuan peserta didik menyelaraskan komponen pembelajaran (melodi, irama/tempo, dan bunyi/nada); sedangkan perspektif sikap menilai pemahaman, penghayatan, dan pengamalan komponen pembelajaran tersebut. Langkah-langkahnya meliputi pengembangan produk, validasi produk, implementasi produk, dan analisis data. Pengembangan produk meliputi pengembangan instrumen keterampilan dan pengembangan instrumen sikap; validasi produk menguji produk dalam diskusi kelompok terfokus, seminar instrumen, dan validasi ahli; implementasi produk adalah mengaplikasikan instrumen dalam uji coba skala kecil dan skala besar serta uji coba utama; sedangkan analisis datanya menggunakan uji kecocokan model. Hasil uji kecocokan model menyatakan bahwa model dinyatakan fit dengan koefisien korelasi antara 0,90 hingga 0,98 dan muatan faktor antara 0,62 hingga 0,91. Instrumen menghasilkan informasi kemampuan menyelaraskan melodi, irama, dan bunyi ricikan serta karakteristik tabuhan peserta didik dari perspektif dan pemahaman, penghayatan, dan pengamalan komponen pembelajarannya. Kata kunci: karawitan, penilaian, keterampilan, sikap _____________________________________________________________ DEVELOPING AN INSTRUMENT CONSTRUCT FOR ASSESSING THE JAVANESE KARAWITAN LEARNING OUTCOMEAbstract This study developed an instrument for assessing learning achievement of Javanese karawitan practice from the perspectives of skill and attitude. The skill perspective evaluates the students’ ability to harmonize the learning components (melody, rhythm/tempo, and sound/tone); while the attitude perspective evaluates their understanding, comprehension, and application of those learning components. The steps in doing the research include product development, product validation, product implementation, and data analysis. Product development includes developing the skill instruments and developing the attitude instruments; while product validation includes testing the product in focus group discussion, seminar for the instruments, and expert judgment. Product implementation is applying the instrument in small-scale and large-scale tests as well as main testing, while the data analysis used model fitness test. The result of model fitness test shows that this model is fit with correlation coefficient from 0.90 to 0.98 and content factor from 0.62 to 0.91. The instrument has yielded information concerning the ability of students to harmonize melody, rhythm, and the ricikan and tabuhan sounds from the perspectives of understanding, comprehending, and applying the learning components.Keywords: karawitan, assessment, skill, and attitude
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Döbereiner, Luc. "Between the Abstract and the Concrete: A Constraint-Based Approach to Navigating Instrumental Space." Computer Music Journal 43, no. 1 (January 2020): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/comj_a_00497.
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This article deals with a way that algorithmic composition systems can be informed by material realities of musical performance. After a general discussion of the relation of abstract algorithms to concrete materiality, the article focuses on the idea of an instrument's space of possibilities. It briefly discusses a number of compositional approaches that seek to derive musical structure from bodily movements and from the physical properties of instruments. The last part describes a new open-source JavaScript library called OboeJS and a Web application based on this library. The system is an experimental exploration of the idea of instrumental space and an attempt to bring together abstract algorithmic processing and the concrete possibilities of a musical instrument. The system implements a flexible constraint-based search algorithm for the generation of oboe fingering sequences. This tool is presented as part of a wider approach to algorithmic composition that aims not to map data output of generative procedures to “sound generators” (e.g., performers, instruments, sound synthesis processes). Instead, I propose to derive structure from the space of possibilities of the instrument itself, which in this case is the oboe.
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Gubarev, A. P. "Choosing an Instrument for rapid dilation of the cervix." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 9, no. 3 (September 22, 2020): 254–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd93254-257.
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The wealth of the instrumental arsenal of a modern gynecologist, in particular in relation to the instruments assigned for the expansion of the cervix, is so great that it can put a beginner in a difficult position regarding the choice of such an instrument, which could be limited.
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Murni, Viviana, Fransiskus Nendi, Ricardus Jundu, Fulgensius Efrem Men, Kristianus Viktor Pantaleon, Emilianus Jehadus, and Eufrasia Jeramat. "Pelatihan Penyusunan Instrumen Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM) Di Smk Bina Kusuma Ruteng." JURNAL KREATIVITAS PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT (PKM) 5, no. 8 (August 2, 2022): 2694–715. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/jkpm.v5i8.6031.
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ABSTRAK Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum merupakan penilaian kemampuan minimum yang dilakukan kepada peserta didik. Kemampuan minimum yang dimaksud adalah kemampuan paling dasar yang harus dimiliki oleh peserta didik pada jenjang tertentu, yaitu literasi membaca dan numerasi. AKM mengukur kompetensi berpikir atau bernalar peserta didik ketika membaca teks (literasi) dan menghadapi persoalan yang membutuhkan pengetahuan matematika (numerasi). Tidak semua guru memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan menyusun instrumen, contohnya para guru di SMK Bina Kusuma Ruteng. Oleh karena itu, tim pengabdian kepada masyarakat melaksanakan kegiatan pelatihan penyusunan instrumen Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum untuk para guru SMK Bina Kusuma Ruteng. Pelatihan dilakukan untuk mengembangkan kompetensi guru dalam menyusun instrumen AKM sehingga mendukung tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran yang diharapkan. Kegiatan pelatihan diikuti oleh 30 guru SMK Bina Kusuma Ruteng. Kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui beberapa tahap, yaitu wawancara, perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Kegiatan ini dapat berpengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan dan keterampilan para guru dalam menyusun instrumen Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data ditemukan bahwa pelatihan memiliki kualitas dengan kategori baik sekali (4.75) dan memberikan dampak dalam kategori kategori baik sekali (4.92). Terbukti bahwa para guru bisa menyusun instrumen AKM dengan baik. Sedangkan, dampak pelaksanaan pelatihan masuk dalam kategori baik sekali (4.82). Mitra mampu menyusun instrumen PKM dengan benar, hal ini dapat dilihat pada tugas yang dipresentasikan oleh mitra. Instrumen yang dihasilkan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi penduan bagai para guru dan calon guru untuk mengembangkan dan menggunakan instrumen AKM pada proses pembelajaran dan penilaian di kelas. Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan pelatihan ini dapat mengembangkan kompetensi guru dalam menyusun instrumen AKM, sehingga guru mampu menyelenggarakan pembelajaran secara efektif dan efisien. Kata Kunci: Pelatihan, Penyusunan, Instrumen, AKM ABSTRACT Minimum Competency Assessment is a minimum ability assessment carried out on students. The minimum ability in question is the most basic ability that must be possessed by students at a certain level, namely reading literacy and numeracy. AKM measures the thinking or reasoning competence of students when reading texts (literacy) and dealing with problems that require mathematical knowledge (numbering). Not all teachers have the knowledge and skills to compose instruments, for example, teachers at SMK Bina Kusuma Ruteng. Therefore, the community service team carried out training activities for the preparation of Minimum Competency Assessment instruments for teachers of SMK Bina Kusuma Ruteng. The training was conducted to develop teacher competence in compiling the AKM instrument to support the achievement of the expected learning objectives. The training activity was attended by 30 teachers of SMK Bina Kusuma Ruteng. This activity was carried out through several stages, namely interviews, planning, implementation, and evaluation. This activity can have a positive effect on the ability and skills of teachers in preparing the Minimum Competency Assessment instrument. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the quality of the training was in the very good category (4.75) and had an impact in the very good category (4.92). It is proven that the teachers can arrange the AKM instrument well. Meanwhile, the impact of the implementation of the training is in the very good category (4.82). It is proven that the teachers can arrange the AKM instrument well. Meanwhile, the impact of the implementation of the training is in the very good category (4.82). Teachers can develop PKM instruments correctly, this can seen in the tasks presented by teachers. The result of instrument is expected to be a guide for teachers and prospective teachers to develop and use the AKM instrument in the learning and assessment process in the classroom. So, it can concluded that this training activity can develop teacher competence in preparing AKM instruments, so that teachers are able to organize learning effectively and efficiently. Keywords: Training, Preparation, Instruments, AKM
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Wara, Michael. "Instrument Choice, Carbon Emissions, and Information." Michigan Journal of Environmental & Administrative Law, no. 4.2 (2015): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.36640/mjeal.4.2.instrument.
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This Article examines the consequences of a previously unrecognized difference between pollutant cap-and-trade schemes and pollution taxes. Implementation of cap-and-trade relies on a forecast of future emissions, while implementation of a pollution tax does not. Realistic policy designs using either regulatory instrument almost always involve a phase-in over time to avoid economic disruption. Cap-and-trade accomplishes this phase-in via a limit on emissions that falls gradually below the forecast of future pollutant emissions. Emissions taxation accomplishes the same via a gradually increasing levy on pollution. Because of the administrative complexity of establishing an emissions trading market, cap-and-trade programs typically require between three and five years lead time before imposing obligations on emitters. In this Article, I present new evidence showing that forecast error over this timeframe for United States energy- related carbon dioxide emissions from the Department of Energy’s energy model—the model used for policy design by Congress and EPA—is biased and imprecise to such a degree as to make its use impractical. The forecasted emissions are insufficiently accurate to allow for creation of a reliable or predictable market signal to incentivize emission reductions. By contrast, carbon taxes, because they do not depend upon a baseline emissions forecast, create a relatively clear level of policy stringency. This difference matters because policies that end up weaker than intended face low odds for strengthening, while those that end up stronger than intended are likely to be weakened. The political asymmetry combined with actual model forecast errors leads to bias in favor of suboptimal, weak, policies for cap-and-trade. This is a serious concern if, as is usually the case, a cap is set based on political bargaining rather than on an optimal balancing of abatement costs and avoided climate damage. By contrast, the same model bias would lead to more environmentally effective than forecast carbon taxes but without the political consequences created by price volatility, were such programs to be implemented in the United States. Thus, while theory tells us that cap-and-trade and carbon taxes can be equivalent, imperfect information leads to suboptimal environmental performance of emissions trading, relative to carbon taxation policies. Policymakers should weigh these practical, information-related concerns when considering approaches to controlling emissions of greenhouse gases.
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Setiawati, Farida Agus, Djemari Mardapi, and Saifuddin Azwar. "PENSKALAAN TEORI KLASIK INSTRUMEN MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES TIPE THURSTONE DAN LIKERT." Jurnal Penelitian dan Evaluasi Pendidikan 17, no. 2 (December 15, 2013): 259–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/pep.v17i2.1699.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui hasil penskalaan instrumen multiple intelligences (MI) pada tipe Thurstone dan Likert dengan pendekatan klasik, 2) mengetahui karakteristik instrument MI pada tipe Thurstone dan Likert pada data asli dan data yang diskalakan, 3) membandingkan karakteristik psikometrik pada kedua tipe data yang sudah diskalakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang pelaksanaannya terdiri dari empat bagian yang saling terkait, yaitu penelitian pengembangan instrumen, penskalaan pada data hasil ujicoba, analisis karakteristik psikometrik instrumen, dan perbandingan karakteristik psikometrik instrumen. Instrumen dikembangkan menggunakan tipe Thurstone dan Likert pada konstruk yang sama. Perbandingan karakteristik psikometrik kedua instrumen dilakukan secara diskriptif. Hasil penskalaan dengan metode paired comparison didapatkan urutan skor stimulus dari yang terendah yaitu: logika matematika, musik, linguistik, kinestetik, naturalis, visual, interpersonal, eksistensial dan intrapersonal. Penskalaan dengan metode summated rating dihasilkan skor terstandar dari yang rendah hingga tinggi pada tiap respons. Terdapat perubahan skor, varian, reliabilitas dan kesalahan baku pengukuran (SEM) dari data asli dengan data yang diskalakan. Koefisien reliabilitas dan SEM instrumen tipe Thurstone lebih rendah dibanding tipe Likert. Kata kunci: penskalaan, multiple intelligences, tipe Thurstone, tipe Likert ______________________________________________________________SCALING CLASSICAL THEORY OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES CLASSICAL INSTRUMENT TYPE THURSTONE AND LIKERTAbstract The study aimed to: 1) result the scaling data of multiple intelligence (MI) instruments of Thurstone and Likert types using the classical approach, 2) reveal the psychometric characteristics of Thurstone and Likert types in the original data and the scaled data, 3) compare the psychometric characteristics of the two types of data. The study used the quantitative research approach. The activity consisted of: developing instruments, processing the data scaling, analyzing the psychometric characteristics of the instruments, and comparing the psychometric characteristics of them. The instrument was developed using Thurstone and Likert types in the same constructs. The comparison of psychometric characteristics of two types of data was analyzed by descriptive statistic. The result of scaling using paired comparison method are the sequential scores from a low to high on mathematical-logical, musical, linguistic, kinesthetic, natural, visual, interpersonal, existential and intrapersonal inteligence. The scaling using summated rating produce scores that vary in each response. There are changes of variants and standard error of measurement (SEM) after transformed data. The reliability and SEM of the Thurstone type are lower than that of Likert type.Keywords: scaling, multiple intelligence instrument, Thurstone type, Likert type
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Sariyatno, Bintang, and Slamet Suyanto. "Instrumen lembar observasi pengukuran ketercapaian KKNI level 6 pada pengajaran mikro pendidikan biologi." Measurement In Educational Research (Meter) 1, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33292/meter.v1i1.107.
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Penelitian pengembangan Instrumen lembar observasi ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen lembar observasi pengukuran pengajaran mikro pada program studi pendidikan biologi yang valid dan reliabel, sehingga diperoleh gambaran ketercapaian KKNI level 6. Motode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development). Validitas isi pada penelitian ini telah memiliki kesesuaian konteks aitem dengan tujuan pengukuran dan aitem-aitem instrumen lembar observasi telah merepresentasikan ciri-ciri atribut yang diukur. Instrumen pengukuran pengajaran mikro ini terdiri atas 4 deskriptor spesifik KKNI level 6; 11 learning outcome, 27 indikator utama, dan 74 aitem.Koefisien reliabilitas instrumen ini berturut-turut, yaitu deskriptor spesifik pertama memiliki koefisien reliabilitas 0,986 yang termasuk reliabilitas tinggi, deskriptor spesifik ke dua memiliki koefisien reliabilitas 0,984 yang termasuk relibilitas tinggi, deskriptor spesifik ke tiga memiliki koefisien reliabilitas 0,841 yang termasuk reliabilitas tinggi, dan deskriptor spesifik ke empat memiliki koefisien reliabilitas 0,964 yang termasuk reliabilitas tinggi. Measuring observation form instruments for level 6 of KKNI achievement on microteaching biology education AbstractThis study aims to find out the content validity and the reliability of observation form instrument to measure the achievement of micro of level 6 KKNI in Biology Education courses.This research is the Research and Development (R & D). The results of the study show that the validity of the content in this study have suitability context items with the purpose of measuring instrument and items instrument observation sheet has represented the characteristics of attributes measured. Observation form of microteaching instrument consists of 4 specific descriptors of KKNI level 6; 11 learning outcomes, 27 main indicators, and 74 items. Instrument reliability of the instrument observation sheet microteaching for each descriptors specific, among other: descriptors specific first coefficient reliability of 0.986 which suggests the reliability is exeellent descriptors specific. The second has a coefficient of reliability 0.984 which suggests the reliability is excellent descriptors specific. The third has a coefficient of reliability 0.841 which suggests reliability excellent descriptors specific. The fourth has a coefficient of reliability 0.964 which suggests reliability is excellent.