Journal articles on the topic 'Institutions'
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Hidayat, Abas, Siti Fatimah, and Didin Nurul Rosidin. "Challenges and Prospects of Islamic Education Institutions and Sustainability in The Digital Era." Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 5, no. 2 (April 3, 2022): 351–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v5i2.2106.
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Educational institutions are places for educational activities that aim to change lives for the better. The development of digital technology requires educational institutions to establish and develop the education system continuously. This article explores the challenges and prospects of Islamic educational institutions and their sustainability in the digital technology era. The method used for this article is the qualitative inductive content analysis method. The findings are 1) Political changes, economic changes, and socio-cultural changes in society require Islamic education institutions to upgrade the institutional system and control all institution's activities. 2) Islamic education institutions' prospects include improving human resources and service quality, effectiveness and efficiency of financial management, and emphasizing promotion costs. 3) The future of Islamic education institutions, namely the sustainability of the institution's existence, the sustainability of the quality level of the institution, and the sustainability of invested resources.
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Petracca, Enrico, and Shaun Gallagher. "Economic cognitive institutions." Journal of Institutional Economics 16, no. 6 (April 6, 2020): 747–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744137420000144.
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AbstractThis paper introduces the notion of ‘cognitive’ institution and discusses its relevance to institutional economics. Cognitive institutions are conceptually founded on the philosophy of mind notion of extended mind, broadened to also include the distinctly social, institutional, and normative dimensions. Cognitive institutions are defined as institutions that not just allow agents to perform certain cognitive processes in the social domain but, more importantly, without which some of the agents' cognitive processes would not exist or even be possible. The externalist point of view of the extended mind has already had some influence in institutional economics: Arthur Denzau and Douglass North first introduced the notion of institution understood in terms of ‘shared mental models’, and relatedly philosopher Andy Clark introduced the notion of ‘scaffolding institution’. We discuss shared mental models and scaffolding institutions and go a step further by showing that the notion of cognitive institution can capture more fundamental and salient aspects of economic institutions. In particular, we focus on the market as an economic cognitive institution.
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Стрижак, Анна, and Anna Strizhak. "Methodology of Institutional Traps Neutralization in USA and Canada." Scientific Research and Development. Economics 5, no. 4 (September 7, 2017): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_59816e5cd6eaa3.26235604.
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Causal connection between ineffective transitive processes in economy and institutional traps is substantiated. Institutional trap is presented as a stable inefficient institution formed by asynchrony institutional changes under conditions of transformation of social and economic systems, by hypertrophy of separate forms of behavioral forecast for economic agents at the macro level, by weakness of formal institutions and enforcement mechanism. Institutes providing effective economic development of USA and Canada are found out. The characteristics of the institutions providing effective economic development of the successful North American countries is given: peculiarities and reforms, the most developed sectors of economy, anti-corruption measures, anti-bureaucratic measures, taxation, education, enforcement, technical means of control, informal institutions. A set of institutions for newly developing economies based on the analysis of institutions providing effective economic development of the successful countries is formed. The conclusion about the necessity of engagement of effective reforms experience from successful North American states, taking into account institution’s peculiarities of countries with developing markets is made.
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Gebru, Michael Gidey, Saqlain Raza, and Mansoor Shaukat Khan. "Efficiency of Higher Education in the Presence of Shared Inputs using Data Envelopment Analysis." Sains Malaysiana 50, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 3421–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5011-25.
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This study measures the efficiency of higher education institutions with respect to teaching activity, research activity, and overall activities and also provides a direction for low-performing institutions to improve their performance. In many instances, the efficiency of the institution is a sum up of the efficiency of its activities. However, when the activities consume some resources in common, it requires the allocation of shared resources among the activities. Since sums up the efficiency of each activity does not give the institution's overall efficiency, we use a joint data envelopment analysis that takes into account the institution's internal operations to measure the teaching efficiency, research efficiency, and overall efficiency of the institutions. The empirical results indicate that the institutions that execute both activities simultaneously become more productive rather than adopt a single activity. Hence, this study suggests a useful and measurable action to improve the institution’s performance.
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Ikmal, Happy. "Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi, Budaya Historis dan Pemetaan Stakeholder terhadap Branding Image Lembaga Pendidikan dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kinerja Lembaga." Progressa: Journal of Islamic Religious Instruction 4, no. 1 (October 5, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32616/pgr.v4.1.203.1-10.
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The academics management element uses the term 'school effect' in a number of ways to refer to the impact of certain school policies or practices, or the effects of several interventions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the indirect effect of organizational culture, historical culture and stakeholder mapping of the educational institution's branding image through variables between institutional performance. This research was conducted at the Alumni of the Tarbiyah Raden Wijaya College of Sciences, Mojokerto City. Province, East Java, uses the quantitative explanatory research description method. Primary data is collected and processed by itself and primary data sources directly provide data to data collectors on a Likert scale. Path analysis technique is used in testing the amount of contribution (contribution) shown by the path coefficient on each path diagram of the causal relationship between variables Organizational culture (X1), historical culture (X2), stakeholder mapping (X3) to the variable performance of the institution (Y) with variable between Branding image of educational institutions (Z). Correlation and regression analysis which is the basis for calculating path coefficients with the SPSS for Windows Version 20. While the study was conducted in August 2019. The exact population is unknown, using the Cochran formula a sample of 73 respondents was taken. From the results of the study it can be concluded as follows: 1) Organizational culture has no effect on the performance of the institution. 2) Historical culture has a significant effect on the performance of institutions. 3) Stakeholder mapping has a significant effect on the performance of the institution. 4) Organizational culture has a significant effect on the branding image of educational institutions. 5) Historical culture has a significant effect on the branding image of educational institutions. 6) Stakeholder mapping has no significant effect on the educational institution's branding image. 7) Institutional performance does not significantly influence the branding image of educational institutions. 8) Organizational culture, historical culture and stakeholder mapping each directly influence the branding image of educational institutions through variables between institutional performance.
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Adegbite, Emmanuel, and Chizu Nakajima. "Institutions and Institutional Maintenance." International Studies of Management & Organization 42, no. 3 (October 2012): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/imo0020-8825420304.
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Faizin, Faizin, and Wardatus Sholehati. "PENINGKATAN DAYA SAING PENDIDIKAN MELALUI MANAJEMEN MUTU ISO 9001 : 2008." MANAGERE : Indonesian Journal of Educational Management 1, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 30–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.52627/ijeam.v1i1.7.
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Implementation of ISO 9001: 2008 quality management system will be a solution for educational institutions in dealing with problems and threats that can reduce the quality of educational institutions. Institutional marketing and student output generated through a good learning process will result in good academic and non-academic achievements. To realize a better quality educational institution, an institution should always evaluate the quality improvement program continuously, this system will become a strategic tool in increasing the institution's competitiveness in accordance with the demands of the times and the desires of customers, educational institutions as a form of service services are required to form good and capable human resources that are competitive in accordance with educational goals. Adopting the ISO quality management system and implementing its principles well will improve management within an institution so that its management is good and the performance of internal and external members can collaborate well to realize the goals of the institution in accordance with National Education Standards.
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Monticelli, Jefferson Marlon, Ivan Lapuente Garrido, Marcelo Curth, Luciana Marques Vieira, and Fábio Dal-Soto. "Institutional dysmorphia: when the institutions become ill." International Journal of Emerging Markets 13, no. 3 (July 16, 2018): 478–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-03-2016-0057.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the influence of SOEs on institutions. The authors argue that in some cases there are differences in institutional shape between the shape that is actually demanded by an institution’s institutional environment and the shape that the institution itself believes is demanded of its institutional framework. The authors observed a behavior specific to institutions that change their institutional shape in response to demands, irrespective of whether these demands are legitimate, and this behavior was primarily in response to demands from governments and SOEs. The authors call this situation institutional dysmorphia and contrast it with institutional isomorphism. Design/methodology/approach This study is characterized by the qualitative approach and descriptive form. It is also a documentary study employing the systematic review technique and critical appreciation in a research group. The case of the Brazilian National Development Bank (BNDES) is analyzed to examine the different relationships between Brazilian SOEs and BNDES. It used secondary data provided by reports, papers and relevant magazines. The authors compare them with the conceptual purpose originated in the Medicine field. Findings The study is illustrated by the case of the BNDES and the various different relationships between Brazilian SOEs and BNDES are examined. This is a qualitative and descriptive documentary study, employing the systematic review technique. Specific behavior is observed in institutions that change their institutional shape in response to demands, irrespective of whether these demands are legitimate, and these demands mainly come from the government and from SOEs. Research limitations/implications The authors use of secondary data from only one country that was used to present these arguments. The focus was restricted to the institutional framework comprising one institution and SOEs. Private firms were not considered in this institutional framework, but they must be included in a macro-environment. Institutional pressures are dynamic and asymmetric. The dynamism of institutional change was not evaluated, and neither was the evolution of the relationships between government, SOEs and institutions. Finally, researchers need to understand not only top-down models of institutional effects but also the institutional process that incorporates both institutional influence and firm responses. Originality/value The term institutional dysmorphia is proposed through the contrast with concepts such institutional isomorphism, with reference to the institutional logics and institutional complexity of these institutions’ and SOEs’ environment. The situation described institutional dysmorphia happening in emerging countries context and might open new avenues for research.
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Lane, Jan-Erik. "Institutionality: “Institution” and “Institutions Matter”." Open Journal of Political Science 04, no. 01 (2014): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojps.2014.41004.
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Lui, Luen Tim Percy. "Institutions do matter." Asian Education and Development Studies 6, no. 1 (January 3, 2017): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-07-2015-0031.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how institutional designs governing the executive-legislative relations in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) have weakened the government’s capacity to effectively govern the HKSAR. Design/methodology/approach This paper examines institutional designs and rules that govern Hong Kong’s executive-legislative relations. It uses the case of the HKSAR Legislative Council (LegCo) to illustrate the impacts of institutional designs and rules on the performance of political institutions and government performance. Findings This paper finds that institutional designs and rules do affect the performance of a political institution. This paper suggests changes to the institutional designs and rules that govern the operation of the HKSAR LegCo, and the interaction between the legislature and the executive so as to create a facilitative context for good governance. Originality/value Studies on governance in Hong Kong mostly focus on individual institution’s behavior and performance. This paper studies the problem of governance in Hong Kong from the perspective of executive-legislative relations. It adopts the institutional theory to examine the behavior, performance, and interaction between the legislative and executive branches.
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Nneka, Chibueze Maureen, and Chukwu Kaosisochukwu. "Institutional repository for global knowledge sharing." Journal of ICT Development, Applications and Research 3, no. 1/2 (2021): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.47524/jictdar.v3i1.42.
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An institutional repository is an archive for collecting, preserving, and disseminating digital copies of the intellectual output of an institution. It is a new concept for collecting, managing disseminating and preserving scholarly works created in digital form by users in individual academic institutions. An institutional repository is also a set of services that a university offers to members of its community for the management and dissemination of digital materials created by the institution and its community members. Deposit of material in an institutional repository is mandated by the institution. Some of the main objectives for having an institutional repository are to provide open access to institutional research output by self-archiving in an open access repository, to create global visibility for an institution's scholarly research, and to store and preserve other institutional digital assets, including unpublished or otherwise easily lost literature such as theses, working papers or technical reports. Knowledge sharing is the voluntary process of transferring or disseminating knowledge from one person to another person or group in an organization or the intentional sharing of awareness and experiences among learners with the goal of not only enriching their own individual learning, but also of creating or maintaining a common repository of reusable knowledge objects.However, in this electronic publishing age, academic institutions including universities have increasingly recognised that an institutional repository is an essential infrastructure of scholarly dissemination. It is a means for institutions to manage the digital scholarship their communities produce, maximise access to research outputs both before and after publication and also to increase the visibility and academic prestige of both the institution and authors.
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Derlytsia, Andrii. "Institutional environment of public finance." INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, no. 7-8 (2020): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2020.7-8.18.
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Purpose. The aim of the article is research of the institutional environment of public finance and its components in the light of achievements of foreign and domestic economic science. Methodology of research. The following general and special methods are used to achieve this goal: comparative analysis – in assessing alternative approaches to the interpretation of the concept of institution; method of scientific abstraction – in highlighting the essential features of financial institutions and their differences from fiscal institutions; systemic, structural analysis, grouping – in identifying the components of the institutional environment of public finance and structural features of the public sector. Findings. Alternative approaches of institutional theory to the interpretation of the concept of institution are considered. A compromise application the interpretation of institutions in the approaches of D. North and O. Williamson to the sphere of public finance has been made. The components of the institutional environment of public finance are distinguished: institutions (norms, rules), institutional units (organizations, structures), transactions (interaction, relations). The institutional structure of the public sector is considered. The principle of “presumption of inefficiency” as a key one in the institutional analysis of the sphere of public finance is outlined. Originality. The paper substantiates the components of the institutional environment of public finance by clearly outlining the semantic use of the terms “institution” and “institutions” in relation to this area. Practical value. The approaches to the interpretation of the concepts “financial institutions”, “institutional environment”, “public sector” proposed in the research, will contribute to the development of a unified approach in the domestic institutional theory. Key words: public finance, financial institutions, fiscal institutions, institutional environment, institutional units, public sector, transactions.
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Berkinov, Bozorboy, and Sardorbek Akhadov. "SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF IMPROVING INSTITUTIONS AND INSTITUTIONAL RELATIONS." International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental 4, no. 8 (August 1, 2024): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijmef/volume04issue08-04.
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In this article, the specific aspects of improving institutions and institutional relations are highlighted. Furthermore, the article gives information about reasonable opinions and considerations. Additionally, the characteristics of institutions and norms of the institutional environment are also discussed. Conclusions and suggestions are given at the end of the article.
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Becci, Irene. "Zones grises. Diversité religieuse et pouvoir en institution." Social Compass 65, no. 2 (June 2018): 199–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037768618768436.
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This article proposes an interpretational strategy allowing us to study religious plurality in a variety of institutions based on the case of penal institutions. The matrix is a synthesis of various recommendations shared by many researchers working on religion in public institutions. To get beyond an approach limiting itself to an institutional, or even organisational, definition of the religious and its representatives and to take the importance of the power issues permeating it in this context into account, the author looks at three aspects: focusing on the religion of various people present in the institution; paying attention to the material and spatial arrangements; taking the ‘symbolic’ dimension of the institution studied into account; from a methodological point of view, making room for an ethnographic approach. Such an approach allows us to grasp the religious in the institution’s ‘grey areas’. This concept is defined and illustrated by the Swiss case.
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Weinstock, Daniel M. "CORRUPTION IN ADVERSARIAL SYSTEMS: THE CASE OF DEMOCRACY." Social Philosophy and Policy 35, no. 02 (2018): 221–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052519000049.
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Abstract:In this essay I argue that adversarial institutional systems, such as multi-party democracy, present a distinctive risk of institutional corruption, one that is particularly difficult to counteract. Institutional corruption often results not from individual malfeasance, but from perverse incentives that make it the case that agents within an institutional framework have rival institutional interests that risk pitting individual advantage against the functioning of the institution in question. Sometimes, these perverse incentives are only contingently related to the central animating logic of an institution. In these cases, immunizing institutions from the risk of corruption is not a theoretically difficult exercise. In other cases, institutions generate perverse or rival incentives in virtue of some central feature of the institution’s design, one that is also responsible for some of the institution’s more positive traits. In multi-party democratic systems, partisanship risks giving rise to too close an identification of the partisan’s interest with that of the party, to the detriment of the democratic system as a whole. But partisanship is also necessary to the functioning of such a system. Creating bulwarks that allow the positive aspects of partisanship to manifest themselves, while offsetting the aspects of partisanship through which individual advantage of democratic agents is linked too closely to party success, is a central task for the theory and practice of the institutional design of democracy.
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Termosa, Iryna. "Formation of component determinants of the institutional environment of the economy of Ukraine." Ekonomika APK 310, no. 8 (August 28, 2020): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202008081.
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The purpose of the article is to study aspects of the formation of component determinants of the institutional environment of the economy of Ukraine, to determine effective and ineffective but operating institutions, to define the interpretation of the concept of the "institutional economic environment," to form, on the basis of dependence on the previous development path, an algorithm for introducing a new institution, as well as to determine the optimal regime for its development. Research methods. Dialectical methods of knowledge of processes and phenomena, a monographic method (analysis of the evolution of scientific achievements of Ukrainian and foreign scientists regarding the effectiveness of the functioning of institutions and institutions), comparative analysis (the main differences between effective and ineffective institutions are determined), empirical (comprehensive assessment and analysis of the object of study), abstract-logical (theoretical generalization and formation of conclusions) were used. Research results. Aspects of formation of components of determinants of institutional economic environment of national economy of Ukraine were studied. The main interpretations of the concept of "institutions" were highlighted, their impact on the formation of the institutional economic environment was studied. The essence of effective and inefficient institutions is disclosed and their generalized author's list is provided. The mechanism of formation of the institutional economic environment taking into account the previous development path was investigated, as well as the author's vision of the optimal regime of its development was determined. An algorithm for introducing a new institution into the institutional economic environment has been developed on the basis of dependence on previous development. Scientific novelty. Theoretical and practical provisions on the process of forming the components of the determinants of an effective institutional economic environment of the national economy of Ukraine have been further developed; the author's concept of an "institutional economic environment" is formed by which it is proposed to mean a set of existing institutions and institutions (norms), the general set of which may include both effective and ineffective, but still functioning, which ensure the functioning, interaction and development of agents in the economic environment of both the individual territory and the state as a whole; A summary of effective and inefficient but still functioning institutions in the modern institutional economic environment; proposed the author's vision of the regime of development of the institutional economic environment, which is based on the middle development regime, in which there is incomplete replacement of existing institutions, as well as the introduction of new ones aimed at the general improvement of the functioning of the institutional economic environment; proposed is an improved algorithm for introducing a new institution (norm) to form the institutional economic environment of Ukraine. Practical significance. The main provisions set out in the article contain certain methodological and practical recommendations on the formation of an effective institutional economic environment in Ukraine. Institutions and institutions can be both effective and ineffective. The introduction of a new institution requires considerable effort to establish itself in a certain institution and to have a positive impact on the functioning institutional economic environment. Using dependence on previous development, it is possible to investigate how effective one or another institution functioning is. Tabl.: 3. Figs.: 3. Refs.: 25.
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MacCormick, Neil. "Norms, Institutions, and Institutional Facts." Law and Philosophy 17, no. 3 (May 1998): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3504883.
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Holdaway∗, Edward A. "Institutional Research in Postsecondary Institutions." Journal of Tertiary Education Administration 7, no. 2 (October 1985): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0157603850070206.
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MARCH, JAMES G., and JOHAN P. OLSEN. "Institutional Perspectives on Political Institutions." Governance 9, no. 3 (July 1996): 247–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0491.1996.tb00242.x.
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Byrne, Alex. "Institutional memory and memory institutions." Australian Library Journal 64, no. 4 (September 17, 2015): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049670.2015.1073657.
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AOKI, MASAHIKO. "Endogenizing institutions and institutional changes." Journal of Institutional Economics 3, no. 1 (April 2007): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744137406000531.
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Abstract:This paper proposes an analytical-cum-conceptual framework for understanding the nature of institutions as well as their changes. First, it proposes a new definition of institution based on the notion of common knowledge regarding self-sustaining features of social interactions with a hope to integrate various disciplinary approaches to institutions and their changes. Second, it specifies some generic mechanisms of institutional coherence and change – overlapping social embeddedness, Schumpeterian innovation in bundling games, and dynamic institutional complementarities – useful for understanding the dynamic interactions of economic, political, social, organizational, and cognitive factors.
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Sukharev, Oleg Sergeevich. "Institutional competition and import of institutions: Theoretical aspects." Вестник Пермского университета. Серия «Экономика» = Perm University Herald. ECONOMY 16, no. 2 (2021): 127–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/1994-9960-2021-2-127-149.
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Modern economy updates the problems of institutional competitions manifested in permanent non-compliance with the rules by the economic agents, the introduction of new institutions, standards, agreements, destruction of the current institution system. The import of the instutitions is the most relevant type of the institional competition. The borrowing of the institutions exert the impact of the established rules on the internal institutions and organizational forms, thus becoming dependent, just like their executors. This provides the initiator of the introduced rules with some benefits and the leading role in the institutional competition. The purpose of the research is to use theory of the institutional competition to propose a unified quality assessment method for the acting and re-introduced institutions to approve of the managerial decisions aimed to adjust the institutional system. The research methodology consists of institutional theory and assessment approaches to classical and functional efficiency, as well as in the field of quality assessment for the institution performance, which are defined as abstract norms and organizational structures, including the development institutions as regional development agencies. The result of the study was a designed general model of institutional competition, presentation of the blocking effect and dysfunction of the imported institution, as well as the proposed unified comparative assessment method for the quality of acting and imported institutions. It is also substantiated that the plot of the Coase theorem is opposite to the "lock-in" effect, while the Coase theorem lacks institutional competition. In practice, transactional costs are shown not to be equal to zero for the institutional competition. When institutions are imported, costs can increase with lock-in effects and dysfunction. In this regard, the introduction of new institutions should be justified with the parameters of the performance efficiency in some countries and with the conditions of the social economic system where they are supposed to be used, taking into account the institutional competition. The institutional competition is showcased as the import of development institutions as regional development agencies. Further research is seen to be connected with testing the proposed approach under the quality assessment criteria from the institutions and designed models for determining the permissible volume of imports of institutions.
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Nwagbara, Uzoechi. "Institutions and organisational work-life balance (WLB) policies and practices." Journal of Work-Applied Management 12, no. 1 (April 8, 2020): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jwam-11-2019-0035.
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PurposeThis paper examines the relationship between the institution’s organizational work-life-balance (WLB) policies and practices and subsequent challenges faced by Nigerian workers. The paper argues that institutions shape WLB practices (and policies), and thus, constitute WLB challenges.Design/methodology/approachRelying on qualitative, interpretive approach, and the institution-based view of organizational practice, the study investigates the relationship between institutions, WLB practices/policies, and subsequent challenges that female workers undergo, using 25 semi-structured interviews.FindingsThe findings reveal Nigeria’s unique institutional context frames and foster challenges for female workers. Also, it was identified that institutional and sociocultural pressures on female employees demonstrate that consequent challenges, while common to female workers in other countries, are more intense and challenging in Nigeria because of its peculiar institutions and context.Research limitations/implicationsThis study offers an opportunity to unpick how institutions are important in understanding organizational practices as part of wider social structures, which influence organizational realities, including WLB. The qualitative, exploratory approach undertaken can limit generalizing the findings.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the emerging concept of WLB discourse from the developing countries’ perspective. It also reveals how WLB discourse differs from nonwestern context and emphasizes previously identified challenges that female workers experience based on WLB practice. The study also sheds light on how institutions shape organizational practice.
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Vander Borght, Christine. "Violence des institutions, violences en institution." Thérapie Familiale 24, no. 4 (2003): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/tf.034.0337.
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Thahir, Ali Bin. "The Principle of Public Relations in Leadership in Educational Institutions." International Conference of Moslem Society 3 (April 12, 2019): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/icms.2019.2372.
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Leadership within specialized institutions in educational institutions has a very urgent function in facilitating comparative achievements among followers, also providing opportunities for them to develop and innovate. A leader also has an important role in the development of the institution he leads, where the leader becomes an effective communicator that he can actually establish a good communication relationship between personal leaders and followers, as well as those who do not only within the internal relations circle, however, a good relationship must extend beyond the institution's discussion room to the social discussion space around the institution because educational institutions are related to institutions that relate to the surrounding social community. A leader must be able to establish a good relationship between himself, his followers and also the social environment around the institution that might be more focused on the parents of the institution's students, so the principles of public relations must be needed in researchers in educational institutions, because the basis of success in social life is good communication between social individuals.
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Hodgson, G. "What Are Institutions?" Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 8 (August 20, 2007): 28–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2007-8-28-48.
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A primary aim of this paper is to establish some workable meanings of key terms of institutional theory including institution, convention and organization, by drawing on insights from several academic disciplines. Institutions are defined broadly as systems of established and prevalent social rules that structure social interactions. This, in turn, prompts some examination of the concept of a rule, and why rules are followed. The author discusses some general issues concerning how institutions function and how they interact with individual agents, their habits, and their beliefs. The paper also addresses the controversial distinction between institutions and organizations. D. North’s influential formulations of these terms are criticized for being incomplete and misleading. The author examines this distinction and what may be meant by the term formal when applied to institutions or rules. Here an organization is treated as a type of institution involving membership and sovereignty. Further types of institution are also considered, including the difference between self-organizing and other institutions. The article identifies an excessive bias in the discussion of institutions toward those of the self-organizing type, showing theoretically that these are a special case. The author argues that institutions also differ with regard to their degree of sensitivity to changes in the personalities of the agents involved.
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Strawser, Colton C. "Does Being Engaged Benefit the Bottom Line? Community Engagement and its Effects on Fundraising Performance at Public Institutions of Higher Education." Journal of Advancement Analytics 2, no. 1 (2022): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jaa.2022.a933992.
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Abstract: Institutions of higher education have a longstanding history of giving back to communities, locally and globally. Various forms of community engagement (e.g., service-learning, experiential learning, community-engaged research) have positively impacted student learning and their connections to their institution. Launched in 2009, the Carnegie Foundation’s Elective Classification for Community Engagement serves as a commitment to and indication of institutionalized community engagement. Engaged institutions of higher education may pursue the Carnegie Foundation’s Classification to demonstrate their commitment to community engagement. Institutions must meet various standards for engagement, including institutional buy-in, assessment, faculty and staff support, and other measurable metrics. Utilizing the classification as a proxy for effective community engagement, this study explores the fundraising performance of classified and unclassified institutions to measure if institutionalized community engagement is a potential predictor for stronger fundraising performance. Utilizing a quantitative approach, the fundraising performance of public universities, both classified and unclassified, was examined over three years (2017–2019) to test whether engaged institutions have better fund-raising performance compared to those not classified. Overall, the Community Engagement Classification had a statistically significant impact on an institution’s fundraising in individual, foundation, corporate, and alumni giving—indicating that a commitment from the institution to give back to the community may increase the likelihood of receiving philanthropic investments in return.
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Iliichuk, Liubomyra. "ІНСТИТУЦІЙНИЙ АУДИТ ЯК ВАЖЛИВИЙ ІНСТРУМЕНТ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЯКОСТІ ОСВІТИ." Mountain School of Ukrainian Carpaty, no. 29 (December 11, 2023): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/msuc.2023.29.11-16.
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The article highlights the problem of implementing an effective model of quality assurance in general secondary education institutions, based on a combination of mechanisms for external evaluation of the activities of an educational institution and procedures for self-assessment of the results of its functioning. The emphasis is placed on the need to conduct an institutional audit of general secondary education institutions as a necessary component of the system of external evaluation of educational and management processes of an educational institution and the internal system of quality assurance for education, as well as verification of compliance by an educational institution with the requirements of legislation in the field of education. The legislative interpretation of the quality of education and the components of the quality assurance system, as well as institutional audit as one of the components of external verification and assessment of the quality of general secondary education, which results in the effective functioning and sustainable development of an educational institution, is considered. The article reveals the essence of institutional audit and defines the procedure for its conduct in general secondary education institutions. It is noted that the institutional audit is carried out by the Ukrainian State Education Quality Service and its territorial bodies within their powers, in accordance with specially developed procedures according to a clearly defined list of areas, requirements, criteria and evaluation indicators. The main directions of institutional audit in general secondary education institutions are considered. The priorities of building a modern institutional audit on the basis of innovation, transparency, openness, high quality, independence, and partnership with other educational institutions are emphasized, which is a prerequisite for ensuring the quality of educational services in general secondary education institutions and a guarantee of effective development of the educational sector in Ukraine.
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Hilmiati, Nurul. "Farmer Group Institution’s Typology and Agricultural Innovation Implementation Sustainability." SOCA: Jurnal Sosial, Ekonomi Pertanian 14, no. 2 (May 31, 2020): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/soca.2020.v14.i02.p02.
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Farmer group institutions have been being a target group for various innovations in the agricultural development program. Unfortunately, the aspect of their institutional system is getting ignored frequently. This study aimed to know the farmer group institution performance’s determinant factors and its effect on the agricultural innovation implementation sustainability. This was a longitudinal study using a qualitative approach involving ten farmer group institutions (mixed crop-livestock farming) done in Lombok island. The study showed that farmer groups with a good institutional system relatively performed a high level of sustainable innovation implementation in comparison with the group with a poor institutional system. There were four key factors affected the performance and the farmer group institution’s achievement: (1) strong leadership; (2) transparency; (3) regular group meeting; (4) and cash generating factor. The study also showed that farmer group institution which didn’t have those key factors tended to use the farmer group institution only to complete their physical need (impounded cows for security reason). It rarely uses to empower its group members. These conditions slowly could be developed as an individualistic treat on each group member that prevents the sustainable innovation implementation in the future. The agricultural innovation on this type of group usually only implemented in a short amount of time. Therefore, guidance for a good institutional system in a farmer group institution is required to be conducted to achieve a sustainable and comprehensive agricultural innovation implementation. Some strategies could be used to develop the four key factors to form a good institutional system in the farmer group institution.
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Azari, Julia R., and Jennifer K. Smith. "Unwritten Rules: Informal Institutions in Established Democracies." Perspectives on Politics 10, no. 1 (March 2012): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592711004890.
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Scholars of the developing world have driven a surge of interest in unwritten or informal institutions as determinants of political outcomes. In advanced industrial democracies, by contrast, informal institutions often remain consigned to the analytic margins. This article makes a case for greater attention to informal political institutions in established democracies, and it introduces a theoretical framework to support such analysis. Informal institutions, understood as the unwritten rules of political life, are seen to perform three functions: they complete or fill gaps in formal institutions, coordinate the operation of overlapping (and perhaps clashing) institutions, and operate parallel to formal institutions in regulating political behavior. These three roles of informal institutions are associated with different characteristic patterns of institutional stability and change. The article illustrates its theoretical framework with case studies from American politics, the subfield in which formal-institutional analysis has flourished most. These cases are the historical norm of a two-term presidency (a completing institution), the unwritten rules of the presidential nomination process (coordinating institutions), the informal practice of obstruction in the Senate (a parallel institution), and the normative expectation that presidents should address the public directly (which performs all three functions).
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Dinar, A., and R. M. Saleth. "Can water institutions be cured? A water institutions health index." Water Supply 5, no. 6 (December 1, 2005): 17–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2005.0047.
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Once we agree that appropriate institutional arrangements play an important role in explaining the level of performance of the water sector across countries, we still face the overwhelming role of defining, measuring and comparing institutional performance. Unfortunately, water institutions in many countries are dated and weak. While the evaluation of water institutions is critical to identifying the gaps between needed and actual arrangements, and consequently deriving reform strategies, methodological issues and data problems present major challenges for such comparisons. This paper develops the Water Institution Health Index, based on a set of legal, policy, and organizational variables identified from an institutional decomposition approach. The index is constructed for 43 countries based on an international sample of 127 water experts; it evaluates and compares the relative health of water institutions and their components across these countries, and demonstrates the linkage and consistency of this index with other economic, social and governance indicators.
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Frolov, D. P. "Transplantation of economic institutions: An extended (post-institutional) theory." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 9 (September 7, 2021): 69–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2021-9-69-108.
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Most of research on institutional transplantation is based on a set of general methodological principles and theoretical positions, which in total might be termed the “classical theory”. Despite its persuasiveness and wide currency (including outside the economic discourse), the classical theory of institutional transplantation has many built-in methodological limitations. It has a pronouncedly one-sided character, is based on reductionist approaches, and has problems with a systemic explanation of transplant processes in the modern economy. The article presents an interdisciplinary research program for the extended theory of institutional transplantation. The extended theory proposes to pay special attention to bottomup transplants, as well as the role of institution-based communities — heterogeneous networks of internal and external actors of transplanted institutions. Adaptation of a transplanted institution to the new environment is viewed more as an active transformation of the environment by actors (institutional niche construction). The deviations from foreign prototypes arising in transplanted institutions are interpreted as adaptive refunctionalizations rather than transplant failures. Special emphasis is placed on the interactive communication field in which transplanted institutions develop. As a result of transplantation, it is proposed to consider not the dichotomy of successful adaptation and rejection of a new institution, but the emergence of institutional assemblage — a complex system of borrowed and local institutions based on irreducible institutional logics.
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Peterson, William, Sally Santen, Joseph House, Laura Hopson, Meg Wolff, Michele Carney, and John Cyrus. "Increasing Education Research Productivity: A Network Analysis." Western Journal of Emergency Medicine 21, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2019.12.44512.
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Introduction: Forming effective networks is important for personal productivity and career development. Although critical for success, these networks are not well understood. The objective of this study was to usze a social network analysis tool to demonstrate the growth of institutional publication networks for education researchers and show how a single institution has expanded its publication network over time. Methods: Publications from a single institution’s medical education research group (MERG) were pulled since its inception in 2010 to 2019 using Web of Science to collect publication information. Using VOSViewer software, we formed and plotted a network sociogram comparing the first five years to the most recent 4.25 years to compare the institutions of authors from peer reviewed manuscripts published by this group. Results: We found 104 peer-reviewed research articles, editorials, abstracts, and reviews for the MERG authors between 2010 and 2019 involving 134 unique institutions. During 2010-2014, there were 26 publications involving 56 institutions. From 2015- 2019, there were 78 publications involving 116 unique institutions. Conclusion: This brief report correlates successful research productivity in medical education with the presence of increased inter-institutional collaborations as demonstrated by network sociograms. Programs to intentionally expand collaborative networks may prove to be an important element of facilitating successful careers in medical education scholarship.
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Ma'fiyah, Ma'fiyah, Sheila Ardilla Yughi, and Taufik Awaludin. "Preferensi Muzakki Dalam Memilih Membayar Zakat di Lembaga Zakat Formal." AL-FALAH : Journal of Islamic Economics 3, no. 2 (December 28, 2018): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/alfalah.v3i2.535.
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This study aims to identify the dominant factors that influence muzakki in choosing to pay zakat to formal zakat institutions in aspects of individual and institutional perspectives and provide recommendations related to efforts to increase the collection of zakat funds from the community. The research method used is descriptive, factor and mean analysis. Descriptive analysis was used to explain the demographics of respondents while factor analysis and mean analysis were used to obtain the dominant factors affecting muzakki in paying zakat to the Formal Zakat Institution. The results of the study get in the aspect of individual perspective that predominantly influence muzakki paying zakat to formal zakat institutions sequentially is the knowledge of zakat, faith and religiosity as well as awareness and trust while in the perspective of institutional perspectives are management credibility, institutional credibility, service quality and socialization. The advice given is formal institution zakat amil must professionally manage the institution and have standard operating procedures especially related to the procedure of receiving zakat and commitment to implement it properly. In addition, zakat institutions must inform the general profile of the institution and report on zakat funds regularly. Zakat institutions also have the best online payment facilities.
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PAGANO, UGO, and MASSIMILIANO VATIERO. "Costly institutions as substitutes: novelty and limits of the Coasian approach." Journal of Institutional Economics 11, no. 2 (May 27, 2014): 265–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744137414000198.
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AbstractOne of the main contributions of Ronald H. Coase was to demonstrate how mainstream economics was based on a contradictory amalgam of costly physical inputs and free institutional resources, and to give origin to the economics of institutions: each institution is a mode of allocation and organization of economic resources that is to be investigated. In particular, none of the institutions (including the market) is a free lunch. The Coasian approach regards institutions as costly substitutes and provides a fundamental starting point for comparative institutional analysis. However, Coase neglected two issues deriving from the observation that institutions are not cost-free. First, when institutions are costly, one should not only consider their possible substitutes but also how complementary institutions affect their costs, as well as the costs of the possible institutional substitutes. Second, the economic analysis should also take into account that the transition from one institutional setup to another cannot occur in costless meta-institutions. The initial conditions may substantially affect the final institutional arrangements. Both the novelty of Coase's approach and its limits were grossly undervalued. In particular, the costly institutions assumption requires a view of economics as a historical discipline.
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Ponjuán, Luis, Leticia Palomín, and Susana Hernández. "Presidential Leadership: Improving Completion Rates of Latino Male Students at Texas Community Colleges." Association of Mexican American Educators Journal 11, no. 3 (February 10, 2018): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.24974/amae.11.3.366.
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Enrollment rates for Latino male students continue to increase at community colleges; unfortunately, compared to their other racial and/or ethnic male counterparts they are less likely to earn a college credential or degree. This qualitative study explores the narratives of six presidents at Texas community colleges designated as Hispanic-Serving Institutions. We asked these presidents to describe their perceptions of their institution’s awareness and commitment to improve degree completion outcomes of Latino male students. We utilized cultural and social-cognition theories to help understand how these presidents may change or shift their institution’s efforts to address this pressing issue. Based on the findings, three key themes emerged that described how these leaders perceived their respective institution. Our findings suggest these presidents are concerned with the low completion rates for Latino male students; however, their institutions need to better align their institution's core values, mission, and culture to support educational outcomes of Latino male students. Lastly, we highlight how other community college presidents could enhance their institution’s commitment to improve degree completion rates of Latino male students.
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Bello, Matthew, Umar Adamu, and Abga Mackson. "The Role of Institution Building in Development Administration In Nigeria." NIU Journal of Social Sciences 9, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.58709/niujss.v9i2.1620.
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Institution building is a vital necessity for the sustenance of good governance and socio-economic growth and development. This is because institutions serve as viable channels through which the citizens express their expectations or dissatisfactions on any national issue. Moreover, they serve as effective means to establish political accountability; yet within the process of institutional development, there should be balanced development of the intuitions so that no particular institution becomes more powerful over other institutions. However, in recent years, in Nigeria there is a challenge of eroded institutions that has ultimately continued to grapple with emergent socio-economic and political challenges. This paper examines institution building as a strategy for sustainable growth and development in Nigeria, the objective is to explore the meaning of institution building and its role in achieving the desired national development and to identify the challenges militating against institution building in Nigeria. Findings from the study show that Nigeria’s institutions are generally weak and dysfunctional; persistently incapable of delivering on broad national goal of promoting growth and development. If we are to build institutions that will raise the quality of life of Nigerians, there should be policies that would result in institution building, that regulate the conduct of all in respect of institutional change and economic performance. The paper recommends that there must be political will towards implementing sound governmental policies and strengthening institutions that would make the citizens to have confidence in the leadership for stable political systems that would ensure economic prosperity and national security. Keywords: Development Administration, Institution Building, Political Systems, Sustainable Growth, Nigeria.
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Korotina, Natalya. "Institutionalism of economic federalism relations." Socium i vlast 1 (2021): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1996-0522-2021-1-32-40.
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Introduction. The article deals with the problem of institutionalism of economic federalism relations. The institutional approach to studying economic federalism makes it possible to study economic federalism as a complex structured institution based on describing the interaction of the existing institutions of federalism, its structures and mechanisms. The purpose of the article is to consider economic federalism from the standpoint of the institutional approach. Methods. In the article, the author uses general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction in the context of applying the institutional approach when studying the economic federalism relations. Scientific novelty. In the article, for the first time, the author highlights the elements of institutional regulation of the economic federalism system; has introduced the criterion for dividing the economic federalism institutions into formalized and non-formalized ones. Results. The author justifies the possibility of using the institutional approach when studying economic federalism, formulates the concept of “institution of federalism”, discloses the content of the institutional regulation of federal relations, presents for the first time the institutional design of the economic federalism system in terms of identifying subject areas and functions of economic federalism institutions, the spheres of institutionalization of economic federalism and economic consequences of institutional regulation. The author introduces the criterion of universality, which makes it possible to divide the institutions of economic federalism into formalized and non-formalized ones. Conclusions. The system of economic federalism presupposes the presence of institutions as stable norms, rules, procedures, organizational mechanisms governing the interaction of federalism participants, which gives the relations of economic federalism an institutional setting. Institutions of federalism both restrict and stimulate the dayto-day action of its participants. For the effective functioning of the economic federalism system, it is necessary to search for the optimal ratio of formalized (universal) and non-formalized (electoral) federalism institutions.
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Abell, Peter, Douglas C. North, James E. Alt, and Kenneth A. Shepsle. "Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance." British Journal of Sociology 43, no. 2 (June 1992): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/591470.
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Lepesbay, G., and G. Smagulova. "FEATURES OF INSTITUTIONAL RELATIONS: SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 72, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-2.1728-7804.30.
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This article examines examines institutional communication, which performs the main function in the process of socialization of the individual in society. Considering that the situation when a person becomes a member of only a certain group is not found practically , it is necessary to analyze the position of the individual relative to different groups, as well as its functional capabilities in each group. All social and practical issues related to communication are relevant and all institutional relations depend on language communication. Therefore, it is this communication that organizes society and allows a person to live and develop in it, bringing their behavior in line with the actions and behavior of others. This defines various aspects and situational forms of relationship research. Without proper development of forms of communication, it is almost impossible to develop such spheres of human activity as education, education, health, science, art, politics, ideology. When we say that society is divided into various social institutions, we pay great attention to understanding institutional relations. We are reviewing the opinions of scientists who have studied social institutions extensively.
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Davis, Lance E., and Douglass C. North. "Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance." Journal of American History 78, no. 4 (March 1992): 1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2079354.
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Munger, Michael C., and Douglass C. North. "Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance." Southern Economic Journal 58, no. 1 (July 1991): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1060065.
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Schout, Adriaan, and Douglas C. North. "Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance." Economic Journal 101, no. 409 (November 1991): 1587. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2234910.
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Lott, John R., and Douglass C. North. "Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 11, no. 1 (1992): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3325144.
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KRISTENSEN, PEER HULL, and GLENN MORGAN. "From Institutional Change to Experimentalist Institutions." Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society 51 (April 2012): 413–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-232x.2012.00685.x.
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Pamuk, Şevket. "Economic History, Institutions, and Institutional Change." International Journal of Middle East Studies 44, no. 3 (July 26, 2012): 532–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743812000475.
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Until recently the discipline of economic history was concerned mostly with the Industrial Revolution and the period since. A large majority of the research and writing focused on Great Britain, western Europe, and the United States. There has been a striking change in the last three decades. Economic historians today are much more interested in the earlier periods: the early modern and medieval eras and even the ancient economies of the Old World. They have been gathering empirical materials and employing various theories to make sense of the evolution of these economies. Equally important, there has been a resurgence in the studies of developing regions of the world. Global economic history, focusing on all regions of the world and their interconnectedness since ancient times, is on its way to becoming a major field of study. Even the Industrial Revolution, the most central event of economic history, is being studied and reinterpreted today not as a British or even western European event but as a breakthrough resulting from many centuries of interaction between Europe and the rest of the world.
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Alston, Lee J. "Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 18, no. 1 (June 1992): 142–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2681(92)90062-g.
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McNicoll], [Geoffrey, and Douglass C. North. "Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance." Population and Development Review 17, no. 4 (December 1991): 742. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1973612.
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Bhugra, Dinesh, and Antonio Ventriglio. "Institutions, institutional memory, healthcare and research." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 69, no. 8 (November 28, 2023): 1843–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00207640231213905.
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Tambovtsev, Vitaly L. "Evolution of Institutions or Institutional Change?" Journal of Institutional Studies 16, no. 1 (March 25, 2024): 006–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17835/2076-6297.2024.16.1.006-021.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze the practices of using the expression "evolution of institutions" in the study of institutions to denote the processes and mechanisms of their emergence and change. Very often this means that the authors consider these processes and their mechanisms to be similar to those that operate within the framework of Darwinian biological evolution. Since the emergence and changes of institutions have been studied and investigated outside the evolutionary approach for a long time, the question arises as to what new scientific knowledge about these processes has allowed and allows the evolutionary approach to be obtained? To answer this question, the article considers, firstly, the results of a non-evolutionary study of institutional dynamics, and secondly, the results of various versions of its evolutionary research, including an approach based on the concept of cultural evolution. The analysis showed that evolutionary approaches to the emergence of institutions affect only one of the three established mechanisms of these processes, and evolutionary concepts of institutional change have a number of inaccuracies and inaccuracies. These results give grounds to conclude that in the field of studying institutions, the evolutionary approach has not led (yet?) to develop new knowledge about their origin and change, which could not be obtained outside of this approach. The theories of institutional dynamics available today provide reliable grounds for theoretical and empirical study of the processes of their emergence and change without using analogies with biological and cultural evolutionary theories.