Academic literature on the topic 'Institutionalised Stigma'
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Journal articles on the topic "Institutionalised Stigma"
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Cunneen, Chris. "Institutional racism and (in)justice: Australia in the 21st century." Decolonization of Criminology and Justice 1, no. 1 (October 22, 2019): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/dcj.v1i1.9.
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This article focusses on systemic and institutionalised racism against Indigenous people as a contemporary feature of the Australian social and penal landscape, and its implications for justice. There has been ongoing concern with institutional racism within the criminal justice system, however, this article concentrates on the intersection between institutional racism in non-criminal justice settings and their compounding effect on criminalization. Despite legal prohibitions on racial discrimination, various forms of institutional racism continue unabated. Indeed, part of the argument is that broader political changes particularly associated with the influence of neoliberalism on social policy have exacerbated the problem of institutional racism and redefined and reinforced the link between welfare and criminalization. Indeed, social welfare has come to be informed by the same values and philosophies as criminal justice: deterrence, surveillance, stigma and graduated sanctions or punishments. How might we understand these broader shifts in the public policy environment, to what extent do they reflect and reproduce institutional racism, and how do they bleed into increased criminalization? I endeavour to answer this question through the consideration of two specific sites of social welfare policy – child protection and social housing – and to consider how systemic and institutional forms of racism play out in daily life for Indigenous people and how they interact with criminal justice.
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MacCarthy, Sarah, Tonia Poteat, Zhiyu Xia, Nicolette L. Roque, Ashley (Hyun Jin) Kim, Stefan Baral, and Sari L. Reisner. "Current research gaps: a global systematic review of HIV and sexually transmissible infections among transgender populations." Sexual Health 14, no. 5 (2017): 456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh17096.
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Transgender populations are heavily burdened by HIV and other sexually transmissible infections (STIs). However, data on co-infection with HIV and STIs among transgender people are limited. A systematic review was conducted of peer-reviewed articles and conference abstracts between January 2010 and November 2015 that focussed on HIV and STI infections among transgender populations globally. The literature was synthesised and opportunities for improving health research were commented on. Few studies reported HIV–STI co-infection (n = 4), while the majority of studies reported HIV and STI infections separately (n = 23). Most studies were conducted outside of the USA (n = 19), and all but one of these studies reported data on transgender women only. Among USA-based studies (n = 8), several reported data on both transgender men and transgender women (n = 3), whereas other studies reported exclusively on transgender men (n = 1) or transgender women (n = 4). Understanding HIV and STIs among transgender people requires research that simultaneously considers multilevel drivers of vulnerabilities. More data are needed on how the interaction of individual determinants, including biological risks of transmission, programmatic determinants such as service-delivery models and policy-level determinants including institutionalised stigma in healthcare settings, influence the HIV- and STI-related outcomes of transgender populations. Leveraging the knowledge of transgender-specific determinants of HIV and STIs should guide the content and approaches to future HIV and STI prevention and treatment efforts.
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Chapman, Kimberly R., Geoffrey Tremont, Paul Malloy, and Mary Beth Spitznagel. "The Role of Sexual Disinhibition to Predict Caregiver Burden and Desire to Institutionalize Among Family Dementia Caregivers." Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology 33, no. 1 (June 16, 2019): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891988719856688.
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Neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia are associated with greater caregiver burden and desire to institutionalize, though previous work largely examines the cumulative effects of many behavioral symptoms. Sexual disinhibition could be particularly stressful due to stigma attached to these behaviors. Links between care recipient sexual disinhibition, caregiver burden, and caregiver desire to institutionalize were examined by analyzing cross-sectional data from 730 family caregivers recruited online. Caregiver burden, caregiver desire to institutionalize, and neuropsychiatric symptoms, including sexual disinhibition, were assessed via caregiver report. Burden (P < .001) and desire to institutionalize ( P = .008) were greater among caregivers who endorsed sexual disinhibition. Sexual disinhibition uniquely predicted desire to institutionalize after accounting for presence ( P = .02) and severity ( P = .03) of other neuropsychiatric symptoms. A similar pattern was seen for burden (presence P < .04; severity P = .06), and follow-up analyses revealed caregiver burden mediated the relationship between care recipient sexual disinhibition and caregiver desire to institutionalize (presence bias-corrected 95% confidence intervals [BCa95% CI] [0.003, 0.08], severity BCa95% CI [0.007, 0.06]). Sexual disinhibition appears to be a particularly difficult neuropsychiatric symptom for the family caregiver, contributing to desire to institutionalize via caregiver burden.
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Rubio-Valera, M., A. Fernández, S. Evans-Lacko, J. V. Luciano, G. Thornicroft, I. Aznar-Lou, and A. Serrano-Blanco. "Impact of the mass media OBERTAMENT campaign on the levels of stigma among the population of Catalonia, Spain." European Psychiatry 31 (January 2016): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.10.005.
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AbstractReducing public stigma could improve patients’ access to care, recovery and social integration. The aim of the study was to evaluate a mass media intervention, which aimed to reduce the mental health, related stigma among the general population in Catalonia (Spain). We conducted a cross-sectional population-based survey of a representative sample of the Catalan non-institutionalized adult population (n = 1019). We assessed campaign awareness, attitudes to people with mental illness (CAMI) and intended behaviour (RIBS). To evaluate the association between campaign awareness and stigma, multivariable regression models were used. Over 20% of respondents recognized the campaign when prompted, and 11% when unprompted. Campaign aware individuals had better attitudes on the benevolence subscale of the CAMI than unaware individuals (P = 0.009). No significant differences in authoritarianism and support for community mental health care attitudes subscales were observed. The campaign aware group had better intended behaviour than the unaware group (P < 0.01). The OBERTAMENT anti-stigma campaign had a positive impact to improve the attitudes and intended behaviour towards people with mental illness of the Catalan population. The impact on stigma was limited to attitudes related to benevolence. A wider range of anti-stigma messages could produce a stronger impact on attitudes and intended behaviour.
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Irvine, Janice M. "Is sexuality research ‘dirty work’? Institutionalized stigma in the production of sexual knowledge." Sexualities 17, no. 5-6 (August 15, 2014): 632–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460713516338.
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Kemper, Joya, and Ann-Marie Kennedy. "Evaluating Social Marketing Messages in New Zealand’s Like Minds Campaign and Its Effect on Stigma." Social Marketing Quarterly 27, no. 2 (April 28, 2021): 82–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15245004211005828.
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Background: A key objective of government and social marketers is to remove the institutionalized stigma of mental illness, increasing mental health service uptake. While research has evaluated past campaigns based on changes in attitudes and beliefs, very little research has examined the communication messages used in social marketing campaigns. Focus of the Article: This impact evaluation research identifies the institutionalized cultural-moral norms incorporated into New Zealand’s Like Minds mental health advertisements and examines how attitudes and beliefs changed over time in response to these norms. Importance to the Social Marketing Field: This research offers a new approach to social marketing evaluation and demonstrates the importance of consistent incorporation of cultural-moral institutional norms in social marketing campaigns. Method: Using macro-social marketing theory, thematic analysis is used to identify the cultural-moral institutional norms in the Like Minds campaign advertisements over a 10-year period (2002–2012). Results: The Like Minds campaign was found to have multiple cultural-moral institutional norms, such as Mental illness as a villain, Personal responsibility, and Inherent human dignity, as well as utilizing two different institutionalization processes of Socialization and Identity Formation. However, these norms were inconsistently and sometimes contradictorily presented and as a result, not all changes in mental health stigma beliefs and attitudes show long term change. Rates for service uptake also had mixed results during the campaign duration, though overall an increase in uptake was found. Recommendations for Research and Practice: The research highlights the importance of understanding the underlying institutionalized cultural-moral norms presented in communications and aligning those with the overall objectives of a social marketing campaign. Limitations: Like Minds campaign phases 2 to 5 are analyzed, phase 1 was inaccessible for analysis and advertisements after 2012 are not analyzed.
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Olson, Mary M., Nay Alhelou, Purvaja S. Kavattur, Lillian Rountree, and Inga T. Winkler. "The persistent power of stigma: A critical review of policy initiatives to break the menstrual silence and advance menstrual literacy." PLOS Global Public Health 2, no. 7 (July 14, 2022): e0000070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000070.
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Menstruation is shrouded in stigma and shame—that is the common refrain in burgeoning initiatives on menstrual health and hygiene. Public policies alone cannot undo stigma and enact social change, but they do interact with social norms. They can reflect and adopt stigmatizing attitudes and, as a result, institutionalize, formalize, and legitimize stigma; or they can actively challenge and denounce it and mitigate existing discrimination. Against this background, we explored whether and how policies on menstrual health and hygiene address menstrual stigma and advance menstrual literacy based on an analysis of 34 policy documents and 85 in-depth interviews with policy-makers and advocates in four countries: India, Kenya, Senegal, and the United States. We found that policies recognized menstrual stigma and set out to break the silence surrounding menstruation and advance menstrual education, but they did not contribute to dismantling menstrual stigma. Policy-makers seemed constrained by the very stigma they sought to tackle, resulting in hesitancy and missed opportunities. Policies raised awareness of menstruation, often with great noise, but they simultaneously called for hiding and concealing any actual, visible signs of menstruation and its embodied messiness. Educational initiatives mostly promoted bodily management and control, rather than agency and autonomy. As a result, policies might have succeeded in breaking the silence around menstruation, but stigma cannot be broken as easily. We first need to recognize its (invisible) power and its impacts in all spheres of life in order to actively challenge, dismantle, and redefine it.
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Vidic, Jelena, Biljana Stankovic, and Tamara Dzamonja-Ignjatovic. "Experiences of medical transition in transgender people in Serbia: From affirmation of identity to institutionalized violence." Sociologija 64, no. 3 (2022): 401–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc2203401v.
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Transgender people are one of the most stigmatized social groups. They are experiencing institutional stigma and stigma on individual psychological level through different medical and legal procedures specific to their group. Though gender confirmation surgeries have been performed in Serbia for more than three decades, research on experiences and ways in which transgender people give meaning to the process is lacking. This topic became even more prominent due to significant changes in the area of depychopathologization of gender diversity and individualization of the medical gender confirmation process. This paper presents the experiences of transgender people in Serbia throughout the medical gender confirmation process and analyses the ways in which transgender people experience the process and give meaning to it, aiming to draw attention to certain problematic practices still present in the local institutional context. We used semi-structured interviews to collect data. Our approach is qualitative, based on interpretative phenomenological analysis. The sample consists of 12 transgender people age 23 to 48 (8 trans men and 4 trans women). Results indicate the great psychological and practical significance of the medical transition, and diversity in their needs when it comes to surgical interventions, implicating the importance of the easier access to the treatment and the individualization of treatment.
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Sun, Kai Sing, Tai Pong Lam, Tak Lam Lo, and Dan Wu. "How Chinese psychiatrists see and manage stigmatisation of psychiatric patients: a qualitative study in Hong Kong." Evidence Based Mental Health 22, no. 2 (March 28, 2019): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2018-300078.
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BackgroundHealth professionals including psychiatrists were reported to have stigmatising opinions on psychiatric patients. Their views may be affected by clinical, social and cultural factors.ObjectiveThis study explored the views of Chinese psychiatrists on stigmatisation of psychiatric patients.MethodsFocus group discussions with psychiatrists were conducted in Hong Kong. Their views towards stigmatisation of psychiatric patients and strategies to reduce stigmatisation were discussed.FindingsThe psychiatrists perceived the clinical needs to classify the patients according to the diagnoses and they did not see it as stigmatisation. They believed that some mental illnesses are characterised with violence or deviance, and were not completely curable. Instead of trying to eliminate stigma, they managed in ways that took social expectations into consideration. They might offer a relative vague diagnostic label to save the ‘face’ of the patients and secure greater acceptance for the illness from the public. They tended to accept family members to make decisions on behalf of the patients. Reconciling public interest and patients’ autonomy, they encouraged stable psychotic patients to live in the community but agreed to institutionalise those patients with violent behaviours.ConclusionWhile the psychiatrists argued that the diagnosis was not a form of stigma, they were sensitive enough and framed responses to patients in ways to minimise stigma. They tended to believe that stigma was inevitable given the nature of some psychotic disorders. Disguising the stigma appeared to be the common approach to deal with stigma in a Chinese context.Clinical ImplicationsThe psychiatrists, especially those practicing in a Chinese context, may consider a wider perspective of community mental health rehabilitation which is not limited to social stability but also social life.
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Zolezzi, Monica, Maha Alamri, Shahd Shaar, and Daniel Rainkie. "Stigma associated with mental illness and its treatment in the Arab culture: A systematic review." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 64, no. 6 (July 18, 2018): 597–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764018789200.
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Background: Mental health has not had the same public profile as physical health. This has contributed to the stigma associated with mental illness and to its treatments. Research investigating how the traditions and values amongst those with an Arab heritage contribute to stigmatizing beliefs, attitudes or actions in the provision of mental healthcare has not been widely reported. Aim: To systematically review the literature and summarize the findings of studies reporting stigmatizing beliefs, actions and attitudes toward treatment of people with mental illness in the Arab population. Methods: PubMed, Ovid, Psycharticles and Embase were used to identify original studies of non-institutionalized Arab adults or children reporting findings relevant to stigma toward mental illness. A manual search of the bibliography of all selected original studies was also undertaken. Independent data extraction was performed by two reviewers, who then met to compare data and reach consensus. Findings were classified as stigmatizing beliefs, actions or attitudes toward mental health treatments. Results: A total of 33 articles were retrieved for full review. Those utilizing qualitative methodology provided insight into the many ways mental illness is viewed and defined among those with an Arab heritage. Among the studies using quantitative methodology, most compared stigmatizing beliefs, attitudes toward mental health treatments or stigmatizing actions among different Arab populations, some also investigated correlations between characteristics of the Arab population tested with stigmatizing beliefs, actions and attitudes toward mental health treatments. Findings from studies undertaken in Qatar reported greater stigmatizing beliefs, actions or attitudes toward mental health treatments among Qatari versus non-Qatari Arabs. Conclusion: A large diversity in the stigmatizing beliefs, actions and attitudes toward treatment of mental illness within the Arab population were identified. The influence of cultural variations on stigma should be explored further and used to tailor anti-stigma interventions in this population.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Institutionalised Stigma"
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Ornelas, Gabriela R. "The Experiences of Teachers at Southern California Continuation High Schools: Exposing the Barriers within Alternative Education." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pitzer_theses/79.
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My project explores the role of teachers at Southern California continuation high schools as it relates to serving low-income students of color in the face of the institutional barriers within alternative education. My study focuses on the teachers’ career, interactions with students, and opinions on accessibility to resources and funding. I have examined their experiences through twenty in-depth, semi-structured interviews with teachers from three districts. My findings indicate that district members’ misconceptions of Latinx students as inherently deviant and academically unengaged drive institutional issues creating financial burden for which teachers are forced to compensate. My study highlights that continuation high schools implement unjust policies, limit teaching materials and resources, reduce funding, and restrict the hiring of ancillary staff. My research pushes for more avenues of communication between the district and teachers to fulfill students’ needs through adequate funding allocation. These results extend existing literature in revealing the untold narratives of California continuation high school teachers, the structural issues within alternative education, and the needs of Latinx continuation high school students.
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Ornelas, Gabriela R. "The District's Stepchild: The Total Erasure of Low-Income Latinx Students' Needs at Continuation High Schools." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pitzer_theses/83.
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My study explores the underlying factors that allow systemic structural issues to exist within continuation high schools which result in the low educational performance of low-income Latinx continuation students. My study focuses on educators’ experiences, as I conducted 20 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with Southern California continuation high school teachers. I focused on the following areas of study: the teacher’s career, the teacher’s interactions with students, and the teacher’s opinions regarding their accessibility to funding and resources. My findings indicate that teachers, the outer community, and school-board administrators utilize cultural deficit thinking and stigmatization as tools of total erasure to exchange low-income Latinx students’ social identities with racist and classist stereotypes; in consequence, these mechanisms allow the district to impose invisibility on students’ academic and emotional needs in order to justify the formation and maintenance of institutional challenges for administrators’ fiscal benefit. Overall, these results reaffirm that our educational system reproduces social inequality; the total erasure of low-income Latinx continuation students’ academic and emotional needs permits the persistence of systemic structural issues informed by racist and classist stereotypes. My research calls for avenues of communication between administrators, teachers, and the outer community to address institutional barriers and, subsequently, establish equitable funding distributions to promote continuation high school students’ educational success with an understanding of the increased academic, emotional, and social needs of low-income Latinx students.
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McCordic, Cameron Ross. "The Use of Stigma as a Marker of Otherness by RTLM during the Rwandan Genocide." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/3485.
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Stigma was defined by Goffman (1963) as a mark of discredited identity or inhumanity and recently, by Link and Phelan (2001), as a process of labelling, stereotyping, separating, discrimination, and status loss. These phenomena demonstrate the means by which a group can become a representation of “otherness” to another group. During the Rwandan Genocide, Radio Television Libre des Milles Collines (RTLM) broadcast messages which negatively stereotyped the Tutsi people (Straus, 2007). This investigation used Critical Discourse Analysis to investigate RTLM broadcasts during the Rwandan Genocide and to determine how stigmatization influenced the portrayal of the Tutsi people as social “others.” This investigation found that the historical context of the Rwandan Genocide influenced the formation of the Tutsi stigma and this stigma was used as a justification for the otherness of the Tutsi people. These results indicate that stigma can be used to facilitate the formation of social “others.”
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Polych, Carol. "Exploring the Help-seeking / Helping Dynamic in Illegal Drug Use." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/26431.
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Heuristic qualitative research techniques (Moustakas,1990) were used to explore the dynamic of the help-seeking / helping relationship in illegal drug use from the perspective of the professional. Six professionals, expert in helping people living with an addiction, shared their opinions and insights, analyzed problems, explained the rewards, and made recommendations for improvement, based on their own practices within the health care and social services systems. These professionals identify stigma as a major barrier to the provision of quality care in addictions, and analysis shows that a cultural predilection for scapegoating underlies the application of stigma. The many layered social purposes served by the designation of certain substances as illegal and the utility of scapegoating to hegemonic, vested interests is surveyed. This thesis reviews the true social costs of addictions, the entrenched and enmeshed nature of the alternate economy, and the many above ground institutions and professions sustained by the use of drugs designated as illegal. Prohibition and imprisonment as a response to illegal drug use is exposed as costly, inhumane, dangerous, and overwhelmingly counterproductive in terms of limiting harm from illegal drug use. A recent example of drug prohibition propaganda is deconstructed. Consideration is given to the role of the Drug War as a vehicle to accelerate social creep toward a fragmented self-disciplining surveillance society of consumer-producers in the service of economic elites. Classism is brought forward from a fractured social ground characterized by many splits: sexism, racism, age-ism, able-ism, size-ism, locationism, linguism, and others, to better track the nature of the social control that illegal drugs offer to economic elites. The moral loading that surrounds illegal drug use is deconstructed and the influence of religion is presented for discussion. The primitive roots of human understanding that endorse the ritual Drug War and its supporting mythology, leading to the demonization of illegal drugs and the people who use them, are uncovered. Direction is taken from Benner and Wrubel’s Primacy of Caring (1989) and other leaders in the professions as a means to move practitioners away from their roles as agents of social control into a paradigm of social change.
Books on the topic "Institutionalised Stigma"
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Risse, Guenter B. Modern Isolation. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039843.003.0010.
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This chapter describes a shift in public attitudes toward those suffering from loathsome diseases, as the old pesthouse regime has given way for the innovations of the twentieth century. In 1912, the isolation hospital became part of the city's public charity bureau, a bureaucratic move emblematic of post-earthquake San Francisco's political shifts. At the same time, the stigma of loathsomeness attached to contagious diseases seemed in decline. Alongside the improved public opinion toward the institutionalized, the chapter also details further shifts and demographics in San Francisco's ecology of disease. It goes further on into the twentieth century, recounting a possible resurgence of the old pesthouse regime in the advent of AIDs in the 1980s.
Book chapters on the topic "Institutionalised Stigma"
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"Stigma and social welfare." In Social Policy and Welfare Pluralism, edited by Robert Pinker. Policy Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447323556.003.0005.
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In this chapter, Robert Pinker discusses the concept of stigma as it relates to social welfare. He considers a number of empirically testable hypotheses in the form of a model of social welfare that could be used to classify welfare systems on the basis of their stigmatising propensities. His aim is to come up with a theory explaining why people are elevated or debased in exchange relationships and to show whether, in everyday life, there is a distinction between ‘givers’ and ‘receivers’ of services. Pinker describes three variables related to this distinction between the welfare roles of ‘giver’ and ‘receiver’: depth, distance and time. Pinker concludes with the argument that the phenomenon of stigma is central to understanding the structure and aims of welfare services and the balance of power within societies where institutionalised forms of conflict are common.
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Suddler, Carl. "“In All Our Harlems”." In Presumed Criminal, 124–50. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479847624.003.0006.
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This chapter recovers the case of the Harlem Six to attest to the firmness of race as a crucial determinant in American notions of crime and delinquency. The progress made in the decade of delinquency was met by systemic and institutionalized racism in the 1960s. Efforts to create a fair and impartial juvenile justice system became a thing of the past, and black youths in New York City bore the brunt of inordinate police practices and, consequently, endured the stigma of criminality henceforth. With anticrime laws such as “stop-and-frisk” and “no-knock,” which contributed to disparate arrest rates and increased police encounters in predominantly black communities, New York City officials established a police state that created a climate for dissension. This tale of criminal injustice reveals the extent to which the community was compelled to go to protect its youths from the overwhelming power of the state.
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Guirao, Fernando. "Schumania and Spain’s Heavy-Industry Supply." In The European Rescue of the Franco Regime, 1950-1975, 31–51. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198861232.003.0002.
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The title of this book -The European Rescue of the Franco Regime- intends to draw the reader’s attention away from traditional narratives. The thesis widely sustained by scholars and reflected in public opinion is that the institutionalized pattern of European integration contributed to isolate and weaken the political regime that generalissimo Francisco Franco established after his victory in the Spanish Civil War (1936-9) and headed until his death in November 1975. In Spain, during the struggle for democracy under and immediately following Franco’s dictatorship, membership in the European Communities became emblematic of a collective desire for democratic consolidation and social modernization, as well as the fastest route to elevate the Spanish standard of living in line with Europe’s most advanced societies. This notion of the Europeanization of Spain has made it difficult to conceive the Spanish policy of the European Communities during the Franco era as anything other than a significant element in the combat against Francoism. It is indisputable that the Axis stigma prevented Francoist Spain’s membership to the European Communities. Yet the absence of membership constitutes neither the beginning nor the end, nor even the most important component of the story. From exclusion, a multiplicity of possibilities sprouted, including active support. Although the rescue concept emerged from the analysis of the Six, it could be extended to Franco Spain. The purpose of the Spanish EEC strategy was to generate material prosperity in Spain to maintain the dictatorship’s grip on the country, not to advance the arrival of democracy.
Conference papers on the topic "Institutionalised Stigma"
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Obaka, Abel I. "Improving Access to Qualitative Education for Persons with Disabilities (PWDs): How National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN) Could Key in." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.3434.
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This paper investigates how access to qualitative education for persons with disabilities (PWDs) can be improved through the National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN). The paper is anchored on Moore's theory of distance education. It employs qualitative survey research and findings show that majority of respondents believe that NOUN can fast-track access to education for PWDs. Also, the majority of respondents are of the opinion that one of the fastest means of removing the stigma against PWDs is their inclusiveness and integration through their unfettered access to Open and Distance Learning (ODL). However, the majority of the respondents are of the belief that PWDs may face challenges in accessing ODL due to endemic poverty and cultural distortions. The paper, therefore, concludes with recommendations for advocacy on the importance of ODL for the education of the PWDs as well as for the government to provide enabling environment to support ODL education in Nigeria by institutionalizing ODL education for PWDs. It also recommends the improvement and development of relevant information and communications technology (ICT) and more open educational resources (OER) for accessibility and inclusion of PWDs in ODL education delivery architecture. They must be combined with appropriate content and pedagogy as well as legislation to institutionalize the education of PWDs through ODL as offered by NOUN.