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Journal articles on the topic 'Institutional investments'
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Vorobeva, E. Y., and I. V. Filimonova. "Institutional environment and investment." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 2, no. 4 (May 18, 2022): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2022-2-4-113-120.
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The paper has an analytical and research nature. The purpose of the paper is to study the dynamics of capital investments by investment areas, sources and subjects of the Russian Federation. The main trends of capital investments in Russia are revealed - as a percentage of GDP, dynamics for the period from 2015 to 2020, and in comparison with countries with more developed economies. The paper shows that the Central Federal District is the leader in terms of investment, and the leading areas of investment are manufacturing and mining. The theoretical framework proving the relationship between institutional factors and the amount of investment in the region is explored. The paper also analyzes the practical relationship between institutional factors and fixed capital investment inflow, using the leading federal district as an example.
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Chung, Richard. "Corporate investment and institutional investors." Corporate Ownership and Control 10, no. 2 (2013): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv10i2c1art3.
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This paper examines corporate governance provided by different types of institutional investors on REIT investment decisions and its impact on firm performance. First, we find that property-type Q (firm-specific stock valuation) positively affects REIT investment decisions and such effect is materially influenced by institutional ownerships. Second, we expand Hartzell, Sun, and Titman (2006), and find negative impacts of investments on future REIT performance. We argue that firms over-invest when they see stock prices in their particular sectors are over-valued, and over-investments subsequently depress firm value. We also find that the over-investment problem is mitigated by corporate governance and monitoring performed by institutional investors
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Fakher, Hentati, and Bouri Abdelfettah. "Institutional investors and immaterial investments." International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development 12, no. 4/5/6 (2013): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmed.2013.056435.
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Pai, Santosh, and Aravind Yelery. "Institutional Distances and Economic Engagement Between India and China." China Report 53, no. 2 (April 21, 2017): 214–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445517696641.
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This article argues that bridging institutional distance is a reliable method to increase the flow of Chinese investments into India. India’s growing economy and ability to attract investments from China meets most of the conditions that can be considered attractive for investments from China. This is complemented by China also fulfilling many of the criteria as a source of foreign direct investment (FDI) into India. China is a major trading partner of India but the Indian economy remains highly deficient in Chinese investment which undermines reciprocity in economic affairs. The possible reasons for underinvestment by Chinese enterprises in India are partly associated with the lack of sufficient interactions between institutions of both the countries, which in turn creates ‘institutional distances’ impacting economic affairs. This article attempts to throw light on these issues from theoretical and behavioural perspectives. Apart from instances of ‘institutional differences’, the article will also attempt to address how select ministries in China and India function while dealing with each other on a case by case basis.
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Galvin, Daniel J. "The Transformation of Political Institutions: Investments in Institutional Resources and Gradual Change in the National Party Committees." Studies in American Political Development 26, no. 1 (March 30, 2012): 50–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x12000028.
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Institutional theorists have made major progress in recent years examining gradual processes of endogenous institutional change. Building on this line of theorizing, this article highlights an often overlooked source of incremental change in political institutions: investments ininstitutional resources. Unlike path-dependent processes, which are relatively open at the front end and relatively closed at the back end, resource investments made in one period serve to widen an institution's path and enhance its capacity to undertake a broader range of activities in subsequent periods. Drawn out over time, these investments can gradually transform institutional operations and purposes. To illustrate these dynamics, this article reconsiders the transformation of the national party committees into “parties in service” to their candidates. The most influential theoretical explanation for this change is supplied by actor-centered functionalist accounts that either ignore the parties' institutional forms or treat them as mere reflections of actors' preferences. As an alternative, I suggest that investments in two types of institutional resources—human resources and information assets—were integral to the process through which each party changed. Piecemeal investments in these resources gradually enabled each national party committee to provide a wider range of campaign services to its candidates, thereby producing ostensibly new “functions” over time. Though the process of institutional change unfolded at very different times in each party, the same dynamics were on display in both cases.
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Ding, Jian, Baoliu Liu, Jiaxin Wang, Ping Qiao, and Zhaowei Zhu. "Digitalization of the Business Environment and Innovation Efficiency of Chinese ICT Firms." Journal of Organizational and End User Computing 35, no. 3 (August 14, 2023): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/joeuc.327365.
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This study investigates how the digital business environment affects firms' innovation input variables. It was discovered that digitization leads to ongoing corporate environment optimization, which improves the effectiveness of innovation. One of the institutional environment factors, digitalization, increases the redundancy of government subsidies on businesses' investments in innovation. It also helps to eliminate duplication in innovation investment through the financial environment and the protection of legal rights. With increasing marketization in the informal institutional framework, the degree of R&D investment redundancy lowers while R&D human resource investment redundancy grows. Digitization not only lowers the grade of innovation, but it also has a negative association with the duplicate nature of commercial R&D investments. The authors' research combines institutional environment theory and digital development to establish a new empirical foundation for corporate development in order to boost innovation efficiency.
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Xu, Xinpeng, Jan P. Voon, and Yan Shang. "Unbundling institutional determinants of multinational investments." Applied Economics 49, no. 23 (September 29, 2016): 2269–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2016.1237754.
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Froot, Kenneth A., and Tarun Ramadorai. "Institutional Portfolio Flows and International Investments." Review of Financial Studies 21, no. 2 (January 30, 2008): 937–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhm091.
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Karavas, Vassilios N. "Alternative Investments in the Institutional Portfolio." Journal of Alternative Investments 3, no. 3 (December 31, 2000): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jai.2000.318962.
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van Raak, Jeroen, and Amber Raaphorst. "From performance measurement to performance management in the impact investment industry." Maandblad Voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie 94, no. 5/6 (June 30, 2020): 205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/mab.94.48610.
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Impact investments have the potential to play an important role in solving social and environmental problems. Although the sector is growing rapidly, it does face a number of challenges, in particular related to impact measurement. Measuring the impact of such investments, which aim to achieve social and/or environmental impact while simultaneously generating financial returns, has proven difficult. This study examines the design and application of measurement systems related to impact investments. To investigate this, the seven impact measurement guidelines of the IMWG are used as a framework. We study to which degree impact investors set concrete investment objectives, how they measure and collect data related to the generated impact of the investments, and how they use such data to evaluate investment opportunities. We rely on a qualitative research methodology, including 13 semi-structured interviews among Dutch institutional investors. We find that impact investors typically set general, but not specific impact objectives. Furthermore, we note that impact investors are still searching for and experimenting with performance measures, and that they would value the development of standardized measures. Such standardized measures may assist in reducing the cost of obtaining investment data, while simultaneously increasing data reliability. Although the obtained impact data is currently hardly used for external reporting and impact data driven investment decisions, the institutional investors expect this to happen in the near future as the process of impact measurement matures. This would enable institutional investors to transition from performance measurement to performance management in the impact investment industry.
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Khmyz, O. V. "Sustainable Investments and Divestments by Global Institutional Investors." Financial Journal 16, no. 1 (2024): 96–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.31107/2075-1990-2024-1-96-108.
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The article analyzes the investment activity of sustainable institutional investors after the global financial and economic crisis of 2008. The relevance of the study is conditioned, firstly, by the leading positions of institutional investors in the global financial market and in the system of international finance; secondly, by the special role of mutual funds and ETFs in the global market of sustainable finance; thirdly, by the noticeable dynamics of investments by these market participants in recent years, which increasingly turns into divestments. The purpose of the study is to identify current trends in sustainable investment by global institutional investors and formulate their further actions in the short term. To do this, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to clarify, taking into account the latest statistical data, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and other force majeure factors on the size and dynamics of the flow of funds of sustainable institutional investors in the leading countries of the world, and to assess the impact on investment prospects of current political and financial factors. In the course of the study, a significant amount of scientific research was analyzed, which served as a basis for identifying the institutional investors’ approaches to sustainable finance. It is concluded that the prospects for global sustainable investing are favorable due to the continued stimulation of environmental change at the supranational level, both in developed and leading developing countries. The financial success of sustainable investment will also contribute to this.
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Baer, Werner. "Institutional obstacles to Brazil’s economic growth and development." Revista de Desenvolvimento e Políticas Públicas, no. 1 (February 23, 2015): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31061/redepp.v0n1.7-16.
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This article tries to discover some of the roots behind Brazil’s slow economic growth. These include the generally low investment/GDP ratio, the country’s incapacity to implement timely infrastructure investments, the long-term overvalued exchange rate, the poverty of human capital, the incapacity to do state-of-the-arts research and development, and the weak educational system.
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Brava, Feim. "IMPORTANCE OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS (FDI) IN KOSOVO AND CREATION OF FAVORABLE POLICIES IN ATTRACTING THEM." Knowledge International Journal 30, no. 6 (March 20, 2019): 1607–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij30061607b.
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Domestic investments are essential to develop of each country, but sometimes insufficient, in most countries that aim for sustainable and long-term growth. Hence, most countries, and Kosovo, have a continuing need for additional capital, which, with adequate institutional policies, can be provided through Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).While in developed countries there are debates about and against FDI (especially about the type of FDI when an investment can be made from domestic capital), in underdeveloped and developing countries there is a consensus on the need for FDI to meet the need for investments that can not be realized through local investment.Several emerging countries and Kosovo have made constant efforts to increase these investments but have faced significant problems in attracting foreign investors. Disadvantaged institutional policies, including monopoly policies and fiscal policies, have been one of the limiting factors.This paper aims at analyzing current policies related to attracting FDI and identifying and analyzing institutional policies that are facilitating FDI, but the main focus will be on current and potential policies that can will negatively impact on FDI withdrawal. At the end of the paper, some conclusions will be drawn based on research on the current situation as well as some recommendations on policies that may advance attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).
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Wang, Liu, and Shaomin Li. "Determinants of foreign direct and indirect investments from the institutional perspective." International Journal of Emerging Markets 13, no. 5 (November 29, 2018): 1330–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-01-2018-0038.
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Purpose Amid the rising concerns about the unbalanced globalization, there has been a renewed interest in examining the pattern of international trade and investment, especially between emerging and mature economies. In this study, the purpose of this paper is to examine the role of different institutional and market-related determinants in shaping the pattern and mode of foreign investments in emerging and developed markets. Design/methodology/approach The empirical investigation is based on a balanced panel sample of 45 countries (28 developed countries and 17 emerging economies) over an 11-year period from 2002 to 2012. A series of multivariable regressions are conducted to evaluate both the trend and the mode of foreign investment with rigorous robustness checks. Findings Overall, the authors find that market openness and capital market development are the main determinants of a country’s ability to attract foreign investment in developed countries, while the governance environment is the key consideration in emerging markets. Regarding the mode of foreign investment, the authors find that, in developed markets, foreign investors tend to choose direct investment in the countries with more open markets. In emerging markets, however, the choice between direct and indirect (portfolio) investments is mainly driven by arbitrage activities, where investors opt for portfolio investment when the stock market is undervalued. Practical implications First, the findings may aid foreign investors in their strategic choice between emerging vs mature markets based on the governance environment, market openness, capital market development and arbitrage opportunities. Second, the findings may be used to aid governments in prioritizing institutional improvement in market openness, stock market development and policies aimed at balancing different investment channels. Social implications The study may enhance the social understanding on the current debate on the winners and losers of globalization. A main complaint from mature economies is that the emerging economies took their jobs away and, therefore, they should adopt protectionism (which implies closing their own markets) in order to preserve jobs. The study shows that such a reaction may not be in the best interests of the mature economies since they will be able to attract more foreign investment (which implies creating or at least keeping more jobs) if they make their markets more open. Originality/value Existing studies on foreign investment have primarily focused on direct investment. The study examines both the direct and indirect investments and the way in which they affect the foreign investment markets in emerging and mature economies. From the institutional perspective, the authors show how the governance environment and market factors affect foreign investors’ strategic choice between direct and indirect investment, contingent upon the stage of a country’s economic and institutional development.
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Bouchekourte, Mustapha, and Norelislam El Hami. "Optimization of equity allocations of institutional investors: study of Moroccan case." International Journal for Simulation and Multidisciplinary Design Optimization 13 (2022): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/smdo/2021042.
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Institutional investors normally define the market segments that present more opportunities for profitability based on their commitments, their financial and accounting situations and the regulations that govern the structure of their investments in equities, bonds, real estate and infrastructure. Their investment strategies consist of defining the allocation of their assets after having fixed the proportion to be invested in each segment. We will try through this work to estimate and optimize the parts of assets invested in shares of pension funds, insurance companies and UCITS (Undertakings for Collective Investments in Transferable Securities), according to their degree of integration into the Moroccan economy, weight of their assets in market capitalization and by the heterogeneity that characterizes their investment decisions on the capital market. Panel data are well suited to our analysis in the sense that they allow us to measure the impact of several actions (stimuli), alone or simultaneously, and the synergies (interactions) of data, which are numerous on investors and on market indicators on the financial market. The results obtained illustrate that the weight of equity investments in portfolios under management of institutional investors are impacted by the share of investors' equity portfolio in market capitalization and by the total assets of this category of investors compared to Morocco's GDP (Gross domestic product).
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Yukhumenko, P., S. Batazhok S., T. Prikhodko, and V. Zubchenko. "Institutional support for building the investment potential of united communities in rural areas." Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, no. 1 (155) (May 21, 2020): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2020-155-1-149-156.
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The purpose of this article is to deepen the theoretical foundations and scientifcally substantiate approaches to the formation in the conditions of open economy of a perfect investment institutional environment of rural areas. The article has used systematic and evolutionary approaches requiring a hierarchy of essential understanding of a perfect institutional environment and provide a whole research with an identifcation of various characteristics, direct and feedback relationships and dependencies that arise in the implementation of rural investment policy in Ukraine. The essence of the study is to determine the impact of the level of institutional environment perfection of investment attractiveness of rural areas in Ukraine. The practical content has been determined by the fact that theoretical and methodological bases, conclusions, scientifc and practical recommendations form the scientifc basis for the development of a new and a whole concept of national investment policy development at the regional level in Ukraine, taking into account the integration and world economic globalization processes. It has been substantiated that the institutional component is an important component of investment attractiveness for rural areas except an economic one. Research has proved that the formation of a perfect investment institutional environment changes the basic principles of economic interactions, makes them equally attainable for all participants of investment projects, gives the opportunity to reconcile the interests of the entities of the formal and informal sectors and provide them with motivational incentives for innovation-oriented and environmentally responsible country. It has been concluded that the ability of a perfect institutional investment environment to direct an investment potential to the improving of well-being, innovations and investing in people requires the state to determine these tasks as critical of economic growth of rural areas in order to increase the inhabitants’ wealth. It has been substantiated than investment regional policy should be organically integrated in a new institutional environment with inclusive economic and political institutions and should be an accountable and transparent one in governance system. Key words: investments, institutes, institutional environment, region, investment resources, direct investments, entrepreneurship, investment policy.
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Lantushenko, Viktoriya, and Edward Nelling. "Institutional Ownership Volatility and Investment Behavior of REITs." International Real Estate Review 25, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 161–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100339.
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We find that the volatility of institutional ownership affects the investment behavior of real estate investment trust (REIT) managers. REITs exhibit stronger growth in real estate assets when they experience more volatility in institutional ownership. Debt is the likely source of financing these investments, whereas institutional ownership volatility does not explain for the equity issuance decisions of REITs. The effect of ownership dynamics on the investment decisions of REITs is mostly driven by institutions that hold highly diversified portfolios, which are classified as quasi-indexers and transient investors. The contribution of ownership volatility emerging from individual trading decisions of institutional stakeholders matters more than the ownership volatility of the institutional sector as a whole. Our findings suggest that REITs may cater their portfolios to the preferences of certain institutional investors.
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Kukosh, M. S. "INSTITUTIONAL BASIS FOR THE FORMATION OF THE REGION�S INVESTMENT POTENTIAL." Economic innovations 19, no. 1(63) (April 24, 2017): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.1(63).110-115.
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The article considers the institutional framework for the formation of the country and the region investment potential. The state and prospects of Ukrainian legislation in the field of investment, as well as the organization of attraction and support of investments at the state and regional level are investigated. The necessity of systematization of investment legislation of Ukraine, the outcome of which should be the adoption of the Investment Code. It is also grounded that the process of attracting and supporting investments, namely the creation of a separate body for which it would be assigned the task of promoting foreign investment both at the state and at the regional level, also needs to be improved. It is determined that the necessary conditions for increasing the investment activity of domestic enterprises at the state level are the formation and implementation of a well-balanced investment policy, ensuring favorable business climate in the country, development of investment and infrastructure provision of investment processes, etc. At the level of regions and certain sectors of the economy, the development and implementation of regional and sectoral investment development programs should contribute to the effective implementation of investment activities. It is expedient to create a special body that would engage in investment and support of investment projects at the state level, and also had its representative offices in all regions of Ukraine, which would be engaged in supporting local investment projects. This will enable the creation of an effective regional policy, the formation of investment attractiveness, and, thus, to ensure the receipt of investment resources.
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Kreander, Niklas, Ken McPhail, and Vivien Beattie. "Charity ethical investments in Norway and the UK." Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 28, no. 4 (May 18, 2015): 581–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-09-2012-1113.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore whether, how and why ethical investment practices of charities differ between two countries with quite different ideological and institutional frameworks – Norway and the UK. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses mixed methods and a cross-sectional field study design to explore the ethical investment practices of 300 of the largest charities by investments in the UK and Norway. Practices are theorized using the dual lens of institutional theory and social origins theory. Findings – The paper provides evidence on why charities established the practice of ethical investment. The results show that large charities were more likely to have an ethical policy; that charities with moderate public sector funding were more likely to have an ethical policy. In line with institutional theory some Norwegian charities with public sector funding mimic the policy of the Government Pension Fund, and the ethical investment policy of Norwegian charities was more influenced by donors. Institutional entrepreneurs (charity founders) had a more prominent influence in UK charities. Research limitations/implications – The paper highlights that more research is needed on sovereign wealth funds, their investment practices and how they affect charities. Practical implications – The findings of this paper highlight the potential role that the ethical investment practices of sovereign can play a soft regulatory function in changing the behaviour of other investors. Social implications – To the extent that ethical investment practices are construed as having a positive social impact, then this study shows how a government sovereign wealth fund can influence the spread of ethical investment practices. Originality/value – This paper, which sits at the nexus of the charity and corporate social responsibility (CSR) literatures, contributes by responding to calls for more research on charity practices in different countries and CSR practices in different countries. This comparison also contributes to the development of institutional theory by shedding light on the institutional influence of a sovereign wealth fund and its impact on others. The paper will be of value to academics, policy setters and regulators.
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S, BINA PANI, PRIYA R, and JANNIFER RANI. "A Study on Factors Determining Foreign Institutional Investments in India." Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 50, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36872/lepi/v50i1/201052.
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Elattar, Zakariae, and Mingque Ye. "Assessing the Influence of Institutional Quality on Chinese OFDI Location Selection: An Analysis of African and Asian Countries." International Journal of Economics and Finance 15, no. 9 (August 20, 2023): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v15n9p93.
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This study explores the role of institutional quality as an important factor in facilitating Chinese foreign direct investment (OFDI) into African and Asian countries. We analyze the different market- and resource-seeking incentives of Chinese firms and measure the impact of institutions on their investment decisions. Our data set covers 72 countries over eight years, which we analyze using the Generalized Method of Moments. Our results show that institutional quality, particularly in terms of government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and the rule of law, plays a significant role in both attracting and deterring market-seeking investments while having a less pronounced effect on resource-seeking investments. Our findings are important for understanding the dynamics of Chinese OFDI in Africa and Asia and its implications for long-term economic growth.
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Hess, Robert, and Youguo Liang. "Some Structural Attributes of Institutional Office Investments." Journal of Real Estate Portfolio Management 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10835547.2003.12089676.
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Svynous, Ivan, Bohdan Khakhula, and Nadiia Svynous. "INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT FOR INNOVATIVE MODERNIZATION OF THE TECHNICAL BASE OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF UKRAINE." INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, no. 2 (2023): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2023.2.22.
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Purpose. The aim of the article is to offer practical recommendations for improving institutional support, in particular, state support for innovative modernization of their technical base based on the generalization of the research of scientists and the activities of farms in the corporate sector of the agrarian economy, Methodology of research. General scientific and special methods of economic research were used in the process of conducting the research, in particular: systemic approach − when studying the connections between phenomena and processes in the system of investment activities of agricultural enterprises; statistical analysis − when determining the dynamics of investments in agricultural enterprises; grouping − to determine the influence of various factors on the level of development of investment activity in small, medium and large enterprises; comparative − to compare investment processes in different time periods in order to identify a cause-and-effect relationship; dialectical, abstract and logical − when making theoretical generalizations, forming conclusions. Findings. It has been established that the priorities of investment activity for large, medium and small agricultural enterprises have become the implementation of capital investments, which serves as proof of their orientation towards the technical and technological modernization of the production base. Among the restraining factors of the development of investment activities, the following are highlighted: insufficient level of provision of own financial resources, imperfection of the regulatory and legal framework. Insufficient investments in increasing soil fertility and lack of economic interest in the implementation of ecologically oriented investment projects were noted. Originality. The directions for the modernization of the technical base of farms of the corporate sector of the agrarian economy in the post-war period of the country's revival, which involves improving the functioning of institutions, primarily methods of state support and the formation of prerequisites for attracting investments on the basis of public and private partnership, are substantiated. Practical value. The proposed recommendations can be used in the development of perspective plans for the development of small, medium and large agricultural enterprises, as well as in the preparation of state and regional programs for the comprehensive development of rural areas in the post-war period of the revival of the country's economy. Key words: innovation, institution, technical base, agricultural sector, investment, state, lending
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Sichel, Robert L., William P. Wade, Ruth E. Delaney, Kristina M. Zanotti, and Michael McGrath. "Private equity in 401(K) plans – a trillion dollar opportunity?" Journal of Investment Compliance 21, no. 2/3 (December 3, 2020): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joic-07-2020-0008.
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Purpose To explain recent regulatory guidance for different types of stakeholders, including asset managers, fund complexes, and institutional investors. Design/methodology/approach Summary of recent regulatory guidance and explanation for different types of stakeholders, including asset managers, fund complexes, and institutional investors. Findings While the U.S. Department of Labor’s (DOL’s) letter does not open the door to direct access to Private Market Investments by 401(k) plan participants, it does provide a framework for the expanded use of private equity and, we believe, other types of Private Market Investments in managed asset allocation funds such as target date funds. Originality/value Practical guidance from experienced asset management and investment funds and ERISA lawyers.
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STOLIARCHUK, Yaroslava, Denys ILNYTSKYY, and Sergii RUDKOVSKYY. "GREEN INVESTMENTS AS A MECHANISM OF GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 316, no. 2 (April 27, 2023): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2023-316-2-39.
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The article deals with the theoretical and applied aspects of the processes of green investments as a mechanism of global sustainable development in conditions of significant aggravation of the environmental problem that impacts global economic progress. The paper reveals significant impact of the global environmental problem on the transformation of the forms of international competitive relations and the priorities of international economic policy. The scope, structure and key trends of green investment processes, as well as the factors that determine their dynamics in recent decades, are researched. In the context of green institutionalism considerable attention is paid to the issue of the modern institutional structure of green investments and the economic motivation of various types of financial intermediaries regarding their participation in green investment processes on global scale. Key trends in processes of green investment of global economic development are defined: 1) increase in the needs of governments and business sectors, institutional investors and households, in attracting sustainable capital to increase their level of competitiveness on national and global markets; 2) diversification of financial instruments as a result of the implementation of fundamental ecological transformations of national economies; 3) diversification of the institutional structure of the global financial market and appearance of new institutions; 4) deepening of geographical and instrumental asymmetries and gaps. The need to create a favourable environment of implementation of green investment projects is emphasized as it is attributed to the core of modern mechanism of achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Further scientific inquiries should investigate the effectiveness of instruments of environmental diplomacy of states in their close connection with green investments and growth of competition for global environmental leadership, the right to apply environmental sanctions and the formation of global environmental standards in the sphere of production and international trade.
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Petrov, Alexander, Maria Baynova, and Jialihasi Jiaerheng. "Features of Russian and Chinese Direct Investments in Kazakhstan." Spatial Economics 18, no. 1 (2022): 148–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/se.2022.1.148-167.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze the results of current theoretical and empirical studies of the socio-institutional environment of Russian and Chinese direct investments in Kazakhstan. One of the features of foreign direct investment is the fact that foreign investor companies are always forced to adapt as effectively as possible to the socio-institutional environment of the country where they invest funds. Foreign direct investment is an important factor in the modernization of production and economic development, can contribute to the growth of employment and income of the population. In fact, they show how much foreign investors trust the economy of a particular country, and for Kazakhstan it is also an important indicator of the role of Russia and China in its modern economic development. The results of modern investment research allow us to conclude that there is increasing competition between Russia and China in the promotion and implementation of investment projects in Central Asia and Kazakhstan. However, the success of these projects depends not only on the effectiveness of the efforts of governments and corporations aimed at promoting them in the region as a whole, but also on how these investments are perceived by the Kazakh society. The article analyzes the different points of view of modern Kazakh, Russian, Chinese and Western researchers analyzing the specifics of the relationship between society and business with the state in the globalizing economy of Kazakhstan, economic and historical factors, socio-institutional aspects of reducing compliance risks and features of labor organization that determine the stability and sustainability of economic development
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Chodkowska-Miszczuk, Justyna. "Institutional Support for Biogas Enterprises – The Local Perspective." Quaestiones Geographicae 38, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2019-0018.
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Abstract Institutional support, reflected not only in legislative solutions, but also in external funding as a means of financial support, is of strategic importance for the success of new power investments, the guarantee of energy security of individual areas, and the socio-economic development of the region where new energy enterprises are located. The present study aims to follow the external funding of biogas investments carried out in Poland, both in the aspect of legal regulations, and the offered co-financing of biogas projects. Considering that biogas enterprises are located and operate in specific places and local systems, the present research problem is tackled from the perspective of the functioning of biogas plants in the local environment. The success of biogas projects and the entire energy transformation process depends, on the one hand, on the harmonisation of activities at the central, national level and, on the other hand, on taking into account the specific socio-economic features that characterise the location of the biogas plant. Therefore, providing comprehensive institutional support for investment for biogas enterprises requires equipping local institutions, including local authorities, with appropriate instruments to shape and monitor the agricultural biogas market at the local level.
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Sayed, Ariba Atique, and Prof Gaurav Petkar. "An Exploratory Study on Variables Impacting Investments in India with Reference to Theories of Investments (2010-2020)." Technoarete Journal on Accounting and Finance 2, no. 4 (July 13, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.36647/tjaf/02.04.a001.
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Theories of Investments deciphers and ruminates the mechanism and accelerator of investments in the economy and a firm. To study the theories of investments is an integral part of finance and economic ecosystem due to augmenting vitality of investments. All the growth and development activity depend on the monetary infusion in the system which can be pooled through large scale investments. The desideratum to study theories of investments to articulate the existing variables affecting investment patterns in the economy (India:2010-2020) alongside to explore the uncharted variables existing in the ecosystem has become variably imperative. The branch of macroeconomics is diverse and vast to incorporate add on variables to existing theories to develop a new dynamic and advanced model for a fundamental concept like investments. Monetary policy by the central bank is targeted at inflation but inflation is also a pivotal variable of investments and monetary policy do affect the investment patterns in the country, as it is a determinant factor for the raging and dropping interest rates, open market operations, money (cash or digital) flow in the economy. Hence a regression analysis on the variables discovered at macro level will ruminate the dynamics of investments in the millennial age. Keywords: Theories of Investments, Inflation, Foreign Direct Investment, Foreign Institutional Investors, Gross Domestic Product, Gross Domestic Savings, Gross Fixed Capital Formation and Regression Analysis.
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Mishra, Sh, A. M. Zobov, and E. A. Fedorenko. "Evaluation of institutional grounding for Russian investments to basic industries of Nepal." Russian Journal of Industrial Economics 12, no. 4 (January 3, 2020): 455–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2019-4-455-465.
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This article is developed to understand the Russian investment in Nepal. Since these days due to the western section it is necessary for Russia to expand its economic relations to others continent and Asia is a best part to expand its investment. As there are some countries already tie with Russia in economic connection from South Asia like India, Pakistan but with Nepal and Russia had more on diplomatic relation. Thus it is very good choice to look and increase for economic relation for Russia with Nepal. The author has highlighted institution determinant of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) to attract investment in Nepal because these days the political stability has become better in Nepal. The author also found the industries to invest in Nepal for Russia however there are some investment existed already by Russia. The author has recommended to the investors to invest in some specific industries without any hesitation as Nepal is facilitation for investment attraction and also its institution condition is becoming better.
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Fernández González, Raquel, María Elena Arce Fariña, and María Dolores Garza Gil. "Resolving Conflict between Parties and Consequences for Foreign Direct Investment: The Repsol-YPF Case in Argentina." Sustainability 11, no. 21 (October 29, 2019): 6012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11216012.
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In 2012, the Argentine government expropriated 51% of the shares of Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales S.A. (YPF) from the Spanish company Repsol S.A. The YPF was nationalized without prior compensation, violating Argentina’s own laws and, consequently, the institutional framework in force in the country. As a consequence, the country’s reputation deteriorated and, although there were several contacts with multinational enterprises to become YPF’s new partner, the investment climate was affected, making it really difficult to attract Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). In order to attract these investments after the expropriation, the Argentine government understands that it is necessary to settle the legal proceedings with Repsol. In order to avoid an imperfect judicial procedure of long duration and with high transaction costs, both parties reached a settlement agreement. This paper presents an institutional economic analysis of expropriation, contextualizing it within the Argentine institutional framework and studying the trajectory of the nationalization of YPF. In this way, it seeks to contextualize institutionally the Argentine government’s decision and the impact it has had on both the FDI and the credibility of the country’s institutional framework. It also analyzes how the resolution of the conflict occurs through an agreement between the parties that avoids the judicial process, given its high transaction costs.
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Laiko, Oleksandr, and Borys Burkynskyi. "METHODOLOGY OF INVESTMENT SYSTEM RESEARCH IN THE ASPECT OF UNPRODUCTIVE CAPITAL OUTFLOW: EXAMPLE OF UKRAINE AND INTERNATIONAL DIMENSION." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 7, no. 1 (January 22, 2021): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2021-7-1-57-68.
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The relevance of the topic of development of theoretical and methodological approaches to investment system regulation under influence of unproductive capital outflow is justified by significance of financial capital movements from groups of countries to others, caused by inappropriate institutional support for strategic investments. Aim of the proposed research is the development of methodological approaches to study and regulation of investment system development that allow to provide analysis of actual modern tendencies of investment system development, to estimate the influence of capital outflow on financial provision of investment process and to design regulating framework for shortening of unproductive financial capital outflow. The work is dedicated to research of theoretical, methodological and applicable basis of investment system development regulation in aspect of reducing of unproductive financial capital outflow with calculation of possible effect from involvement of reduced volumes of capital outflow into investment process. The research methodology, which is based on sustainable development and principle of balance of the stakeholders’ interests, includes approaches of system, theoretical and empirical analysis that allows us to identify the sense and structure of investment system in a sample of Ukraine and other 11 countries. Due to the statistical and econometric methods the estimation of the dynamics and regularities of capital investments are explored and the role of financial capital outflow in economic development of the country is estimated as percentage of GDP and as potential implicit resource that can be involved in investment process. The authors propose the methodology of investment system research and regulating from positions of institutional support embittering for renewal of invested capital and for attraction of new strategic investors. The provided systematization of theoretical positions in the sphere of investments and capital migration allows to obtain the definition of sense of investment system, to discover the regularities of its development and to identify the phenomenon of unproductive outflow of financial capital. It is found that the main criteria of unproductivity of capital outflow is excess of losses and expenses for national economy, caused by such migration of resources, under possible benefits. Conclusion. The hypothesis of existence of direct positive dependence of unproductive outflow of financial capital from growth of the national economic is proved in a sample of Ukraine due to the use of empirical statistical study method. It is identified that the key factor that provokes capital outflow is inappropriate institutional support for strategic investments. The proposed model of estimation of correlation between capital investments and value added allows to calculate the possible economic, social, and budgetary effect from involving into economy of Ukraine investments saved from outflow, that can result in more than 22.6 bln USD of value added growth.
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Liu, Ziyu. "Security Review in the Evolution of Foreign Investment Law with Chinese Characteristics: Part I." Business Law Review 41, Issue 5 (October 1, 2020): 172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/bula2020115.
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When the Foreign Investment Law of China was adopted on 15 March 2019, security review was emphasized as an essential layer governing inward foreign investments, which had evolved from national security concerns embedded at market access review for foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs) and projects, security review for mergers and acquisitions. This article studies the evolution of China’s security review in foreign investment and finds that both changing focuses on identifying national security in China’s socialist market economy and the institutional struggle in certain central ministries addressed by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) have in fact affected the evolution of security review in the Foreign Investment Law (FIL) with Chinese characteristics. Security review, Foreign Investment Law, institutional struggle, Chinese Communist Party, institutional reform, market access review, mergers and acquisitions, M&A security review, leadership
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Buterin, Vesna. "Institucionalno okruženje i FDI u uvjetima pandemije COVID-19 na primjeru Republike Hrvatske." Oeconomica Jadertina 11, no. 1 (June 11, 2021): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/oec.3387.
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The COVID-19 virus pandemic caused unprecedented changes in the behaviour of individuals and economic entities, which then led to a slowdown in economic growth in almost all countries and to a real threat of economic crises whose duration and manifestations will depend on the characteristics and performance of individual national economies. The unpredictability and consequent uncertainty of future economic parameters lead to a restraint and reduction of investments, both domestic and foreign, which in turn has the effect of further reducing growth rates. Experience has shown that countries with a higher level of institutional development managed to overcome economic crises faster and more efficiently, while in countries with poor institutions the crises lasted longer and had the characteristics of sustainability. In recent decades, Croatia has been experiencing institutional stagnation, which has reflected an economic lag behind former transition countries in a number of economic areas, including attracting quality foreign direct investment. On the other hand, due to their specificities, times of crisis are suitable for implementing institutional changes and for accelerated institutional development. The author explores the level of institutional development in Croatia and the possibilities of accelerating institutional growth in the context of future attraction of foreign investments and effects on future economic growth.
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Kirillov, Evgeny M., Sergey I. Kirillov, Dauren E. Toymbetov, and Yusup M. Yusupov. "INSTITUTIONAL CONDITIONS FOR INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 2/5, no. 134 (2023): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2023.02.05.011.
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In order to develop the economy and improve the efficiency of investment activity in the state, it is necessary to form and develop a system for transferring the savings of the population into investments. The key to the functioning of the financial market is to create a mechanism for attracting investments to the market by establishing contacts between those who seek to invest excess income and those who need funds to develop their project. Thus, temporarily free capital of individual small investors is mobilized and the accumulated funds are effectively distributed among numerous consumers. This has a positive effect not only on the state of the economy, but also on the rate of growth in the efficiency of investment activity. At the same time, the stock market, in terms of its impact on economic growth indicators, can be considered as a direct, key part of the financial market as a whole, which, in its essence, is generally a set of institutions, both formal and informal, that provide households, entrepreneurs, enterprises and other market agents with financial resources. services. The main such institutions are the banking services market, the insurance market and the stock market. Within the framework of stock markets, one of the most promising means of attracting financial resources of private investors to the financial market is collective investment. Collective investment organizations make it possible to involve in this process, along with large investors, the population, transforming their savings into investments. The further development of collective investment is due to the globalization of financial relations: the stable, successful positioning of the country in the global financial market is largely determined by the growth in the capitalization of professional participants in the securities market, including investment funds. Investment funds are currently one of the most interesting instruments of collective investment and are gaining more and more popularity. However, in the domestic financial market, this form of collective investment is in its infancy. The global financial crisis had a negative impact on the state of the investment funds market and revealed the problems of its development. In addition, the relevance of the topic is also emphasized by the need to improve the mechanisms for attracting funds from the population to the stock market using such tools as investment tax deductions and individual investment accounts. All the considered mechanisms for attracting funds from the population to the stock market act as a factor in increasing the efficiency of investment activity in the Russian Federation.
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VARAKIN, Matvei Yu. "Opportunities for using investments in wine for portfolio diversification: Foreign and Russian practices." Finance and Credit 29, no. 10 (October 30, 2023): 2274–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/fc.29.10.2274.
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Subject. This article discusses the opportunities for using investments in wine for the purpose of portfolio diversification, taking into account Russian and foreign practices. Objectives. The article aims to assess the possibilities of using collectible wine to diversify the investment portfolio. Methods. For the study, I used the mean-variance analysis, covariance and correlation analyses, modeling, and the statistical method. Results. The article presents the results of the assessment of the investment characteristics of collectible wine as a class of alternative assets. It describes the main trends in the global wine investment market and identifies the prospects and problems of the development of wine investments in Russia. Conclusions and Relevance. The article concludes that investments in collectible wine are more profitable and less risky than traditional investment instruments, and they also have a weak correlation with classic financial market assets, which makes investing in wine an effective way to diversify a portfolio. The results of the study can be used by both private and institutional investors interested in diversifying their asset portfolio using alternative investments.
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Biryukov, E. S. "INVESTMENT STRATEGIES OF INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS: SOVEREIGN WEALTH FUNDS VS ENDOWMENTS." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 6(33) (December 28, 2013): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2013-6-33-117-126.
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The paper considers two main original approaches to investing the assets of institutional investors (the total amount of their assets in the world is about 100 trillion dollars) – the one of Norway's sovereign wealth fund Global and approach of Yale's endowment fund. Fund Global with assets of $ 716 billion dollars is the largest institutional investor in the world, its strategy is based on the assumption that markets are efficient and their long-term growth lies in the balance of investment in stocks , bonds, and , since more recent time - in real estate. Financiers of Yale in the 1990s revolutionized the approach to investment, firstly, by reducing the proportion of stocks and bonds in favor of private equity and real estate, and secondly , by shift from investments in the domestic market to foreign markets. Not all institutional investors are ready to follow these strategies because of the risk of negative returns in times of crises, but in the medium- and long-term, these approaches allow to beat inflation. For example, Yale's endowment has grown since 1985 to 2012 from 1.6 to 19 billion dollars, and high yield allows to transmit 1 billion dollars (!) to the budget of the university annually. Endowment funds are one of the key sources of revenues of leading American universities. Analysis of the investment policy of endowment funds and sovereign wealth funds shows that fundamental changes in the concept of investing began to occur since the late 1980s - early 1990s . Institutional investors of both these types ceased to focus on conservative instruments - bonds and deposits , and use other options: Global - stocks , Yale – private equity , hedge funds, real estate investments , etc. With the expand of the spectrum of instruments in which the funds are invested the income volatility increases either, and therefore the institutional investors should be both transparent and explain to the public the motives of investment strategy changes.
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Jenkins, David S., and Uma Velury. "The effect of institutional ownership on the informativeness of discretionary accruals." Corporate Ownership and Control 6, no. 1-2 (2008): 286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv6i1c2p5.
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We examine whether the pricing of discretionary accruals is associated with the level of institutional ownership. We posit that if institutional investors monitor their investment actively, then managers would be discouraged from using the discretion in U.S. GAAP to manage earnings and would be encouraged to convey private information which would translate into greater information content. As a sensitivity test, we also examine the relation between discretionary earnings and future earnings. We find that this association is positively related to the level of institutional ownership. Our results collectively support the notion that institutional investors actively monitor their investments and encourage managers to report informative accruals.
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Caulfield, Jon P. "A Fund-Based Timberland Investment Performance Measure and Implications for Asset Allocation." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 22, no. 3 (August 1, 1998): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/22.3.143.
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Abstract Timberland investment management companies and institutional investors use indexes to calculate the performance of timberland investments. Most indexes are based on hypothetical timberland properties. The Timberland Performance Index (TPI), a fund-based performance measure, provides composite returns for actual, institutionally owned timberlands. The TPI has several desirable attributes: it uses publicly available data from real properties, is weighted by asset value, has a sufficiently long historical record that meaningful comparisons can be made with other assets, and can be updated quarterly. The TPI is employed to demonstrate how adding timberland to a portfolio influences risk-return relationships for institutional portfolios. For the 1981-1996 period it is found that adding timberland tends to enhance returns for given levels of risk. This is consistent with previous research, which employed hypothetical timberland indexes for this purpose. South. J. Appl. For. 22(3):143-147.
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Szunomár, Ágnes, Tamás Peragovics, and Csaba Weiner. "The role of institutional and political factors in attracting Chinese and Russian multinationals to the Visegrad countries." Politics in Central Europe 20, no. 2 (June 1, 2024): 271–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pce-2024-0012.
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Abstract International business research is usually focused on various aspects of foreign direct investment (FDI) by non-European emerging-market multinational enterprises (EMNEs) without attention to non-traditional factors pulling them into host countries. The objective of this paper is to examine the investments of EMNEs from two source countries, China and Russia, within the Visegrad Four (V4) economies. Based on interviews and a qualitative document analysis, it explores the main characteristics of their investments into the V4, including host-country determinants by focusing on macroeconomic, institutional and political factors. The paper finds that these factors do influence EMNEs’ investment practices, and that they correlate with the changing quality of political relations, but this influence needs to be assessed on a case-by-case basis.
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Zatonatska, Tetiana, Oksana Zhylinska, and Maksym Ivanytskyi. "INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT FOR ATTRACTING AND REALIZING INVESTMENTS IN THE ENERGY SECTOR OF UKRAINE." Socio-economic relations in the digital society 1, no. 51 (March 31, 2024): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.55643/ser.1.51.2024.552.
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The article analyzes the issues of adequateness of the institutional support for attracting and realizing investments in the energy sector of Ukraine to the current realities in which the country finds itself. The article emphasizes that public-private partnership is the basis for further attraction and realization of investments in the energy sector. The article highlights several issues such as attracting investment in the energy sector of Ukraine, and public-private partnership in the energy sector and identifies the ways to overcome them.The necessity of improving the legal framework in the field of public-private partnership; development of institutional infrastructure supporting public-private partnership; providing guarantees for protecting the interests of all parties in the public-private partnership throughout the entire life cycle of the project is substantiated.It is concluded that attracting and injecting investments in the energy sector is possible only in close cooperation with large private businesses by implementing elements and mechanisms of public-private partnership in the sector. It’s the only way that the energy sector of Ukraine will be able to adapt to modern challenges to ensure its long-term sustainable development.
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Gharbi, Sami, and Hidaya Othmani. "Which institutional investors encourage R&D investments." International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development 21, no. 3 (2022): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmed.2022.125779.
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Othmani, Hidaya, and Sami Gharbi. "Which institutional investors encourage R&D investments." International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development 21, no. 1 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmed.2022.10045011.
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Behera, Harendra Kumar. "Spillover effects of foreign institutional investments in India." International Journal of Bonds and Derivatives 3, no. 2 (2017): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbd.2017.084922.
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Behera, Harendra Kumar. "Spillover effects of foreign institutional investments in India." International Journal of Bonds and Derivatives 3, no. 2 (2017): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbd.2017.10005911.
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Carstens, Riëtte, and Julia Freybote. "Tone in REIT financial statements and institutional investments." Journal of Property Research 36, no. 3 (July 3, 2019): 227–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09599916.2019.1650802.
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Hayat, Arshad. "Foreign direct investments, institutional quality, and economic growth." Journal of International Trade & Economic Development 28, no. 5 (January 2, 2019): 561–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638199.2018.1564064.
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Kallunki, Juha-Pekka, Pasi Karjalainen, and Minna Martikainen. "Investments in Human Capital in Different Institutional Environments." Advances in International Accounting 18 (January 2005): 121–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0897-3660(05)18006-4.
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Karakas, Leyla D. "Institutional constraints and the inefficiency in public investments." Journal of Public Economics 152 (August 2017): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2017.06.007.
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Freybote, Julia, and Philip A. Seagraves. "Heterogeneous Investor Sentiment and Institutional Real Estate Investments." Real Estate Economics 45, no. 1 (January 20, 2016): 154–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6229.12132.
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DeFond, Mark, Xinzi Gao, Oliver Zhen Li, and Lijun Xia. "IFRS adoption in China and foreign institutional investments." China Journal of Accounting Research 12, no. 1 (March 2019): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjar.2018.07.006.
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