Relevant bibliographies by topics / Institutional investments

Academic literature on the topic 'Institutional investments'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Institutional investments"

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Vorobeva, E. Y., and I. V. Filimonova. "Institutional environment and investment." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 2, no. 4 (May 18, 2022): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2022-2-4-113-120.

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The paper has an analytical and research nature. The purpose of the paper is to study the dynamics of capital investments by investment areas, sources and subjects of the Russian Federation. The main trends of capital investments in Russia are revealed - as a percentage of GDP, dynamics for the period from 2015 to 2020, and in comparison with countries with more developed economies. The paper shows that the Central Federal District is the leader in terms of investment, and the leading areas of investment are manufacturing and mining. The theoretical framework proving the relationship between institutional factors and the amount of investment in the region is explored. The paper also analyzes the practical relationship between institutional factors and fixed capital investment inflow, using the leading federal district as an example.
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Chung, Richard. "Corporate investment and institutional investors." Corporate Ownership and Control 10, no. 2 (2013): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv10i2c1art3.

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This paper examines corporate governance provided by different types of institutional investors on REIT investment decisions and its impact on firm performance. First, we find that property-type Q (firm-specific stock valuation) positively affects REIT investment decisions and such effect is materially influenced by institutional ownerships. Second, we expand Hartzell, Sun, and Titman (2006), and find negative impacts of investments on future REIT performance. We argue that firms over-invest when they see stock prices in their particular sectors are over-valued, and over-investments subsequently depress firm value. We also find that the over-investment problem is mitigated by corporate governance and monitoring performed by institutional investors
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Fakher, Hentati, and Bouri Abdelfettah. "Institutional investors and immaterial investments." International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development 12, no. 4/5/6 (2013): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmed.2013.056435.

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Pai, Santosh, and Aravind Yelery. "Institutional Distances and Economic Engagement Between India and China." China Report 53, no. 2 (April 21, 2017): 214–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445517696641.

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This article argues that bridging institutional distance is a reliable method to increase the flow of Chinese investments into India. India’s growing economy and ability to attract investments from China meets most of the conditions that can be considered attractive for investments from China. This is complemented by China also fulfilling many of the criteria as a source of foreign direct investment (FDI) into India. China is a major trading partner of India but the Indian economy remains highly deficient in Chinese investment which undermines reciprocity in economic affairs. The possible reasons for underinvestment by Chinese enterprises in India are partly associated with the lack of sufficient interactions between institutions of both the countries, which in turn creates ‘institutional distances’ impacting economic affairs. This article attempts to throw light on these issues from theoretical and behavioural perspectives. Apart from instances of ‘institutional differences’, the article will also attempt to address how select ministries in China and India function while dealing with each other on a case by case basis.
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Galvin, Daniel J. "The Transformation of Political Institutions: Investments in Institutional Resources and Gradual Change in the National Party Committees." Studies in American Political Development 26, no. 1 (March 30, 2012): 50–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x12000028.

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Institutional theorists have made major progress in recent years examining gradual processes of endogenous institutional change. Building on this line of theorizing, this article highlights an often overlooked source of incremental change in political institutions: investments ininstitutional resources. Unlike path-dependent processes, which are relatively open at the front end and relatively closed at the back end, resource investments made in one period serve to widen an institution's path and enhance its capacity to undertake a broader range of activities in subsequent periods. Drawn out over time, these investments can gradually transform institutional operations and purposes. To illustrate these dynamics, this article reconsiders the transformation of the national party committees into “parties in service” to their candidates. The most influential theoretical explanation for this change is supplied by actor-centered functionalist accounts that either ignore the parties' institutional forms or treat them as mere reflections of actors' preferences. As an alternative, I suggest that investments in two types of institutional resources—human resources and information assets—were integral to the process through which each party changed. Piecemeal investments in these resources gradually enabled each national party committee to provide a wider range of campaign services to its candidates, thereby producing ostensibly new “functions” over time. Though the process of institutional change unfolded at very different times in each party, the same dynamics were on display in both cases.
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Xu, Xinpeng, Jan P. Voon, and Yan Shang. "Unbundling institutional determinants of multinational investments." Applied Economics 49, no. 23 (September 29, 2016): 2269–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2016.1237754.

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Froot, Kenneth A., and Tarun Ramadorai. "Institutional Portfolio Flows and International Investments." Review of Financial Studies 21, no. 2 (January 30, 2008): 937–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhm091.

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Karavas, Vassilios N. "Alternative Investments in the Institutional Portfolio." Journal of Alternative Investments 3, no. 3 (December 31, 2000): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jai.2000.318962.

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van Raak, Jeroen, and Amber Raaphorst. "From performance measurement to performance management in the impact investment industry." Maandblad Voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie 94, no. 5/6 (June 30, 2020): 205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/mab.94.48610.

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Impact investments have the potential to play an important role in solving social and environmental problems. Although the sector is growing rapidly, it does face a number of challenges, in particular related to impact measurement. Measuring the impact of such investments, which aim to achieve social and/or environmental impact while simultaneously generating financial returns, has proven difficult. This study examines the design and application of measurement systems related to impact investments. To investigate this, the seven impact measurement guidelines of the IMWG are used as a framework. We study to which degree impact investors set concrete investment objectives, how they measure and collect data related to the generated impact of the investments, and how they use such data to evaluate investment opportunities. We rely on a qualitative research methodology, including 13 semi-structured interviews among Dutch institutional investors. We find that impact investors typically set general, but not specific impact objectives. Furthermore, we note that impact investors are still searching for and experimenting with performance measures, and that they would value the development of standardized measures. Such standardized measures may assist in reducing the cost of obtaining investment data, while simultaneously increasing data reliability. Although the obtained impact data is currently hardly used for external reporting and impact data driven investment decisions, the institutional investors expect this to happen in the near future as the process of impact measurement matures. This would enable institutional investors to transition from performance measurement to performance management in the impact investment industry.
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Baer, Werner. "Institutional obstacles to Brazil’s economic growth and development." Revista de Desenvolvimento e Políticas Públicas, no. 1 (February 23, 2015): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31061/redepp.v0n1.7-16.

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This article tries to discover some of the roots behind Brazil’s slow economic growth. These include the generally low investment/GDP ratio, the country’s incapacity to implement timely infrastructure investments, the long-term overvalued exchange rate, the poverty of human capital, the incapacity to do state-of-the-arts research and development, and the weak educational system.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Institutional investments"

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Choi, Nicole Yunjeong. "Institutional investors and financial statement analysis." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2009/N_Choi_041709.pdf.

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Nam, Sangwook S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Korean institutional investors and real estate investments." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92598.

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Thesis: S.M. in Real Estate Development, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in conjunction with the Center for Real Estate, 2014.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 50-52).
Korean institutional investors comprise one of the major investor groups in the financial market. Given their characteristics and constraints, asset allocation of such institutional investors is dominated by 'traditional assets' such as stocks, bonds and cash. The recent global financial crisis increased uncertainty, and corresponding low interest rate trends have made it difficult for institutions to meet their own required returns. To accomplish higher and more stable return profiles, major institutional investors in Korea have begun restructuring asset allocation strategies, moving toward greater exposure in the real estate sector. In the context of this trend, where do Korean institutional investors stand on real estate investment? This thesis attempts to cast light on the current and future approaches to real estate investments by the major institutional investors in Korea, including major pension funds and insurance companies. To achieve this goal, the thesis is largely composed of two parts: (i) a prior investigation of real estate and Korean institutional investors with academic literatures and industry data and (ii) comprehensive interviews with Korean institutional investors and their external partners. As a prior investigation, academic literatures show that despite drawbacks, investments in real estate have clear benefits for institutional investors. The industry data clearly demonstrates that the growth of Korean investors' assets under management, intensifying competition in domestic markets, and recent low-interest market environments have all led Korean institutional investors to pay more attention to the global markets. Their real estate investment practices in the global market have been diversified in terms of the destination and property types. Analyzing key interview findings, the study reorganizes practical industry applications and compares them with the prior investigation. The thesis concludes that Korean institutional investors have attempted to establish their own asset allocation strategies based on each unique investment appetite and liability.
by Sangwook Nam.
S.M. in Real Estate Development
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Ma, Xiaorong, and 马笑蓉. "Three essays on information production and monitoring role of institutional investors." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50662260.

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This thesis includes one essay about the information production of institutional investors and two essays about the monitoring role of institutional investors. The first essay empirically examines the association between investor base and information production in the context of stock splits. Using the proportion of 13F filers as the proxy for the size of investor base, we show that three proxies for stock price informativeness, adjusted probability of information-based trading (AdjPIN), price non-synchronicity and probability of information-based trading (PIN), decrease significantly due to enlarged investor base after stock splits. It suggests that institutional investors are less incentivized to gather firm specific information when firm's investor base expands, which is consistent with the “risk sharing hypothesis”, proposed by Peress (2010). Furthermore, we find that the change of the price informativeness around splits is negatively related to the magnitude of positive return drifts following splits. This result is consistent with the notion that less information incorporated in stock prices results in a sluggish response by the market to corporate event. The second essay empirically identifies an external corporate governance mechanism through which the institutional trading improves firm value and disciplines managers from conducting value-destroying behaviors. We propose a reward-punishment intensity (RPI) measure based on institutional investors' absolute position changes, and find it is positively associated with firm's subsequent Tobin's Q. Importantly, we find that firms with higher RPI exhibit less subsequent empire building and earnings management. It suggests that the improved firm values can be attributed to the discipline effect of institutional trading on managers, which is in line with the argument of “Governance Through Trading". Furthermore, we find that the exogenous liquidity shock of decimalization augments the governance effect of institutional trading. We also find that the discipline effect is more pronounced for firms with lower institutional ownership concentration, higher stock liquidity, and higher managers' wealth-performance sensitivity, which further supports the notion that institutional trading could exert discipline on a manager. The third essay focuses on a particular type of institutional investor, short sellers, and explores the discipline effect of short selling on managerial empire building. Employing short-selling data from 2002-2012, we find a significantly negative association between the lending supply in the short-selling market and the subsequent abnormal capital investment. Besides, we find a positively significant association between the lending supply and the mergers and acquisitions announcement returns of acquiring firms. These results suggest that the short-selling potential could deter managers from conducting over-investment and value-destroying acquisitions. In addition, the discipline effect is stronger for firms with higher managers' wealth-performance-sensitivity, for firms with lower financial constraints, and for stock-financed acquisition deals. Finally, firms with higher lending supply also have higher Tobin's Q in the subsequent year. These results indicate that short-selling is another important external governance force.
published_or_final_version
Business
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Eames, Michael. "Institutional investor myopia, ownership, earnings, and returns /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8768.

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Lekander, Jon. "Institutional Real Investments : Real Estate in a Multi-Asset Portfolio." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-196536.

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The purpose of this thesis is to analyze real estate investments from the vantage point of an institutional multi asset investor perspective, both in terms of the potential benefits real estate can bring as well as the challenges it can pose. The thesis consists of six papers and approaches the research question from three distinct perspectives. The quantitative papers consists of paper 1 and 5. Paper 1 analyses the portfolio characteristics of domestic and international real estate in a mean variance framework over seven investor domiciles. It is found that the optimal allocation to real estate is in the range of 15-25 percent depending on domicile of the investor. The fifth paper expands the analysis in paper one by expanding the data. Furthermore, the analysis is extended to investigate how the structure of the real estate portfolio can support a diversification objectives best. Papers 2, 3 and 4 are the market related papers. Paper 2 compares the suggested allocation weights with the allocation to real estate of institutions in four countries, and finds that the actual allocation is significantly lower and that all investor domiciles have a significant home bias. The third paper discusses changes in the institutional framework of real estate markets and the size of the investment universe. Paper 4 discusses various entry points to the real estate market, and how an investor can utilize these in order to adjust the characteristics of the real estate portfolio. The sixth and last paper is qualitative, and investigates how institutions managing pension capital handle real estate. ​

QC 20161115

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Nakano, Katsura. "Corporate shareholding in Japan." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0020/NQ46397.pdf.

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HÄGGBOM, MARIA, and KARIN ÅSENIUS. "Liquidity risk in real estate investments from a perspective of institutional investors." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-224223.

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Talukdar, Shahidur Rashid. "Social, political, and institutional determinants of investment and economic growth : a cross-country study /." Connect to resource online, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1251877560.

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Nielsen, Oskar. "Responsible investments in the Swedish pension fund system : A case study of institutional investors." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-234455.

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Institutional investors are increasing their ownership in corporations and therefore their influence on financial markets is expanding. The Swedish public pension funds are one of Sweden’s largest institutional investors, holding capital for pension savers that amount to 1 123 billion Swedish Kronor. Media and non-governmental organizations’ attention on institutional investors’ corporate engagement have put pressure on their work with socially responsible investments. The Swedish public pension funds are no exception. Recent reports reveal that the pension funds are still owners in fossil fuel intensive corporations as well as firms connected with human rights violations. The aim of this study is to identify factors that influence pension funds’ view on socially responsible investments. Particular focus is directed towards the funds’ view on corporations that are highly involved in fossil fuel emissions. The study is presented as a case study in which a comparison of management between two of Sweden´s public pension funds is made in order to define how the attitude towards socially responsible investments affect the choices of instruments of influence that are used in corporate engagement. The findings of the study argue that the two funds use similar instruments of influence in their corporate engagement. However, differences in how the instruments are applied exist and the study reveals that the two funds’ approaches to corporations that are highly involved in fossil fuel emissions are different. Conclusions from the study are that the funds’ work with socially responsible investments is based on the mandate to serve the Swedish citizens and manage their retirement money in a desirable way. The study argues that the funds’ view on socially responsible investments is based on their role as representatives for the majority of individuals in Sweden and that the funds actions, consequently, should reflect the majority opinion of the Swedish society.
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AZEREDO, FRANCISCO EDUARDO MOREIRA DE. "REAL ESTATE INVESTMENTS BY INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS: FACTORS THAT MODEL PENSION FUNDS REAL ESTATE MANAGEMENT." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5860@1.

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FUNDAÇÃO PETROBRÁS DE SEGURIDADE SOCIAL
O modelo de monitoração, registro e valoração de investimentos, adotado por investidores institucionais em países desenvolvidos e em especial o americano, juntamente com todos os seus agregados financeiros - índices de bolsas, indicadores de performance, precificação de ativos, ratings, standards, etc...- é sem dúvida um forte elemento direcionador e influenciador dos modelos adotados no Brasil para administração de carteiras de investimento. Surgiu no próprio mercado americano, após o término da recessão do inicio dos anos 90, uma profunda remodelagem dos instrumentos, veículos, indicadores de performance e standards dos investimentos de base imobiliária, que até então seguiam seus próprios e diversificados padrões, desvinculados dos modelos propalados e adotados pelo mercado financeiro. O conhecimento dos modelos de gestão adotados por investidores institucionais brasileiros, em especial os fundos de pensão é básico para se desenhe uma nova estratégia futura de alocação e respectiva gestão de recursos em carteiras de base imobiliária de investidores institucionais. O foco do presente trabalho é dar início a este processo de conhecimento pela identificação e interpretação dos principais fatores que modelam a gestão imobiliária dos fundos de pensão brasileiros, propondo a partir daí algumas reflexões iniciais sobre estes fatores e por conseguinte sobre estes modelos, visando padronizações, aperfeiçoamentos e um maior alinhamento com práticas já consagradas em mercados mais desenvolvidos e eficientes.
It is common knowledge that the models of monitoring, registering and valuating investments, accepted by institutional investors in many developed countries, especially the US - together with financial ratios adopted in the stock market, in assets price evaluation and performance, in risk ratings, in account standards - have great influence in the models implemented by investment portfolio managers in Brazil. After the recession in the beginning of 1990 s, took place in the US Real Estate market a major restructure of Real Estate instruments, vehicles, performance indices, and standards. The Real Estate community agreed that their market could no longer have dissimilar and diverse methods for measuring and evaluating Real Estate assets if compared with those used currently by the financial market. Knowing and understanding the relationship between models adopted by brazilian institutional investors and the positioning of pension funds when allocating resources to real state, is fundamental to trace any new future allocation and management strategy for real state investments by institutional investors. The main purpose of this paper is to begin this process of knowledge by identifying and interpreting the main factors that model the real estate portfolio management adopted by Brazilian pension funds, followed by some reflexion over those factors and conseqüently over those models, mainly focused on standardization and refinement of such current models, and also on aligning current practices to those already approved and implemented by more developed and efficient markets.
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Books on the topic "Institutional investments"

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1940-, Parker Frank J., and Urban Land Institute, eds. Institutional real estate strategies. Washington, D.C: ULI--the Urban Land Institute, 1988.

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J, Fabozzi Frank, ed. Managing institutional assets. New York: Harper & Row, 1990.

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Global portfolio management for institutional investors. Westport, Conn: Quorum Books, 1996.

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Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Directorate for Financial, Fiscal and Enterprise Affairs., ed. Institutional investors in Latin America. Paris: OECD, 2000.

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Jarchow, Stephen P. Institutional and pension fund real estate investment. New York: Wiley, 1990.

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(Firm), Greenwich Associates. Nihon no kigyō ni okeru tōshi ginkō, shōgyō ginkō katsudō gaikoku kawase torihiki chōsa hōkoku, 1989: Report to participants. Greenwich, Conn: Greenwich Associates, [1989?], 1989.

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Rabimov, Stephan. The 2008 Institutional investment report: Trends in institutional investor assets and equity ownership of U.S. corporations. New York, N.Y: Conference Board, 2008.

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d1942-, Bradford Camille Q., Clegg Roger 1955-, and National Legal Center for the Public Interest., eds. Institutional investors, social investing, and corporate governance. Washington, D.C: National Legal Center for the Public Interest, 1996.

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Velury, Uma. The Effect of institutional ownership on the quality of earnings. Ann Arbor, Mich: UMI Dissertation Services, 2002.

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J, Fabozzi Frank, ed. The Institutional investor focus on investment management. Cambridge, Mass: Ballinger Publishing, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Institutional investments"

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Sinha, Ria, and Manipadma Datta. "Institutional Investments and Responsible Investing." In Palgrave Studies in Impact Finance, 127–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16522-2_6.

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Ren, Bing, Hao Liang, and Ying Zheng. "An Institutional Perspective and the Role of the State for Chinese OFDI." In Chinese International Investments, 11–37. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230361577_2.

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McIntosh, Angus P. J., and Stephen G. Sykes. "Leasehold Investments and Other Rent Sharing Arrangements." In A Guide to Institutional Property Investment, 91–108. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07154-8_5.

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Krohicheva, Galina, Aleksandra Lermontova, and Andrey Kurilov. "Investment activity in an unstable market situation." In Directions for improving the economic security of the Russian Federation in the context of economic recession and pandemic, 129–39. au: AUS PUBLISHERS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/chapter_60269170836c64.01163579.

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The article discusses such concepts, investments, stock exchanges, their varieties, tasks and sources. Ways to earn money-using investments are described. The comparative characteristics of direct investments of the Russian Federation by institutional sectors of the economy in comparison of 2020 with 2019 are carried out. The influence of investment portfolio selection on profitability is considered.
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Martelli, Duccio, and Luca Testoni. "“Ready or Not, Here I Come, You Can’t Hide.” Are Italian Institutional Investors Ready for Responsible Investments?" In Socially Responsible Investments, 87–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05014-6_5.

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Dreassi, Alberto, Stefano Miani, and Andrea Paltrinieri. "Investment Strategies of Institutional Investors: An International Comparison of Sovereign Pension and Social Security Reserve Funds." In Lending, Investments and the Financial Crisis, 182–207. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137531018_8.

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Husmann, Christine. "Institutional Innovations for Encouraging Private Sector Investments: Reducing Transaction Costs on the Ethiopian Formal Seed Market." In Technological and Institutional Innovations for Marginalized Smallholders in Agricultural Development, 125–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25718-1_8.

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Nepal, Rabindra, Hammed Musibau, Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary, Tina Prodromou, and Rohan Best. "Rethinking Green Finance in Greenfield Investments: The Moderating Role of Institutional Qualities on Environmental Performance." In The Handbook of Energy Policy, 1–31. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9680-0_14-1.

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Isaac, David. "Institutional Investment." In Property Finance, 158–65. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-08239-8_9.

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Isaac, David. "Institutional Investment." In Property Finance, 163–71. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12948-5_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Institutional investments"

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"Institutional Investments in Real Estate: Insights from Germany." In 2005 European Real Estate Society conference in association with the International Real Estate Society: ERES Conference 2005. ERES, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2005_341.

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Schreck, Thomas, and Michael Heinrich. "The Interest Rate Sensitivity of Institutional Real Estate Investments." In 18ª Conferência Internacional da LARES. Latin American Real Estate Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/lares_2018_paper_112-heinrich-schreck.

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Seth, Taruna, Cristian Tiu, and Vipin Chaudhary. "A Unified Framework to Assess Market Implications of Institutional Investments." In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigdata55660.2022.10020555.

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Labudović Stanković, Jasmina. "PRIVATNI INVESTICIONI FONDOVI." In XV Majsko savetovanje: Sloboda pružanja usluga i pravna sigurnost. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xvmajsko.247ls.

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Investment funds are very important institutional investors. In this article, the focus of the author is on a special type of investment funds - private equity funds. These funds are in many ways different from public investment funds. In this paper we will speak about the types of private equity funds, but also the types of their investments. There are no restrictions on the investment of this type of investment funds. That means that investment of private equity funds are very risky, but also with very high profit.
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Vishwakarma, Gajendra K., and Chinmoy Paul. "Relation between Foreign Institutional Investments and Macro-Economic Factors - A Case Study." In 2014 2nd International Symposium on Computational and Business Intelligence (ISCBI). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscbi.2014.16.

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"International Direct Real Estate Investments as Alternative Portfolio Assets for Institutional Investors: An evaluation." In Real Estate Society Conference: ERES Conference 1995. ERES, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres1995_185.

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Cook, Laetitia, and Fabio Walter Nava. "Hotels as an Alternative Property Investment Asset Class and its Funding Challenges in South Africa." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002242.

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Institutional investors and corporates constantly strive for above-inflation yields in relation to investments in traditional real estate assets. This study set out to determine how hotels perform compared to traditional property investment asset classes in terms of investment yields and whether investors (property developers and institutional investment funds) consider the hospitality sector for investment or diversification of current portfolios. Furthermore, to determine how aligned the commercial banks, Development Funding Institutions (DFI), and Section 12J funds are with funding single hotel assets versus portfolio lending, and what their requirements are.Interviews were conducted to obtain in-depth and rich information from purposively selected respondents with experience in the sector after completing a preparatory questionnaire. Respondents included property developers, investors, financiers, tour operators, and hotel operators. Historically, hotel investors were very specific in their investment asset classes and usually solely focused on hospitality assets (specialist investors). This has changed with an increase in generalist investors coming to the market with exposure in a diversity of asset classes including the hospitality sector, and other alternative asset classes.Funding challenges, due to the operational risk associated with Hotel Management Agreements (HMA) is perceived by both financiers and developers or investors. Leases are the preferred income model but are seldom available in the hospitality sector, and often those that are made available, may not provide strong covenants required by financiers and developers or investors. Alternative funding is available in the form of Section 12J Venture Capital Companies (VCC) or from DFI’s, but both have their limitations. Recommendations for further research include funding challenges for a development or acquisition strategy at a single asset and portfolio level and expansion to Sub-Saharan Africa as it impacts many investors and international hotels brands with exposure in these regions.
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Yılmazcan, Dilek, and Hasan Basri Cifci. "Corruption and its Effects on Macroeconomy." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c12.02418.

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This paper examines the issue of corruption and its effects on macroeconomy, especially on public expenditures, financing balance, investments, and savings. The issue is going to be discussed based on empirical evidence (such as CPI Reports and Indexes) regarding where and how the macroeconomic ingredients are sensitive to the corruption. The aim is to contribute unreconciled discussions from the perspective of economy of corruption. The corruption level is low in the developed countries where public spending or tax revenues are higher than national income; however, because of silent or weak structures of institutional control and fiscal transparency, the level of corruption is high in Turkey and Eurasian economies. Such difference has important macroeconomic impacts in those countries with higher levels of corruption. Public goods and services are inputs of private productive activities. States finance such inputs through taxes that are collected from taxpayers. If this financing process is influenced by corruption, efficiency of the public expenditures’ decreases. And, that causes a sharp decrease in the total amount of invested capital since the growing level of corruption jeopardizes the risk of making an investment. And, increase in the level of corruption negatively affects the general level of prices and lowers income per capita. Thus, it seems that higher level of corruption is in a negative relationship with the level of public investments, public revenues, savings, quality of public goods and services, efficiency of public investments and public financing balance.
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Bal, Harun, Koray Yıldırım, and Berk Palandökenlier. "Determinants of Foreign Direct Capital Investments and Real Exchange Rate Relationship: The Case of Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c14.02644.

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While the effect of capital movements on exchange rates is a widely accepted relationship in the relevant literature, there are also findings suggesting that reverse relationships may be valid. Especially in the analysis of the determinants of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), this issue has started to be discussed more in the literature. In this study, the causality relations between exchange rates and FDI are analyzed within the scope of Turkey example with data covering the period 2005-2021. Causality relationships between variables were investigated by Hatemi-J (2012) asymmetric causality test. The data used for empirical analysis were obtained from the CBRT-EVDS database. According to the findings obtained from the asymmetric causality test, while the causality relationship from real effective exchange rate to FDI was determined, causality relationship from FDI to real effective exchange rate could not be determined. In terms of the results obtained, it is thought that internal dynamics may be more effective on the basis of this exceptional process between the real exchange rate and FDI in the Turkish economy. While the instability in the value of the currency makes it difficult to make long-term investment decisions such as FDI, it also causes the investment volume to decrease. As a matter of fact, in the relevant literature, the importance of institutional factors is frequently emphasized among the determinants of FDI for Turkey. Therefore, it is seen that Turkey's ability to establish a stable national currency is one of the prerequisites for attracting more FDI and it should increase its steps to strengthen institutional factors.
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Radulovic, Ana. "FINANCIAL CRISES AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ECONOMY." In 6th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2020.99.

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Economic structures are a major cause of long-term growth or stagnation. Different economic structures have different ranges of structural learning, innovation, and different effects on income distribution, which are key determinants of economic performance. Through theory about economic structures it is explained why institutions work differently in space and time. This paper shows using a case study in the United States, that the source of recent financial crises rests on the structural characteristics of the economy. Constant deindustrialization is increasing inequality, and a debt-intensive credit boom has emerged to offset the deflationary effects of this structural change. The strong application of the austerity system in Europe and other parts of the world, even after the evidence points to less frugal policies, illustrates the theory of power it has over public policy. The economic structure should be put at the center of analysis, to better understand the economic changes, income disparities and differences in the dynamics of political economy through time and space. This paper provides a critical overview of the rapidly developing comparative studies of institutions and economic performance, with an emphasis on its analytical and political implications. The paper tries to identify some conceptual gaps in the literature on economic growth policy. Emphasis is placed on the contrasting experiences of East Asia and Latin America. This paper argues that the future investments in this field should be based on rigorous conceptual difference between the rules of the game and the game, and between the political and institutional, embedded in the concept of management. It also emphasizes the importance of a serious understanding of the endogenous and distributive nature of institutions and steps beyond the narrow approach of property law relations in management and development. By providing insights from the political channels through which institutions affect economic performance, this paper aims to contribute to the consolidation of theoretically based, empirically based and relevant to policy research on political and institutional foundations of growth and prosperity.
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Reports on the topic "Institutional investments"

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Cavagnaro, Daniel, Berk Sensoy, Yingdi Wang, and Michael Weisbach. Measuring Institutional Investors’ Skill from Their Investments in Private Equity. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22547.

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Frisari, Giovanni Leo, and Max Messervy. Investing in Sustainable Infrastructure in Latin America: Instruments, Strategies and Partnerships for Institutional Investors Mobilization. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003676.

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Despite the significant challenges in mobilizing investors resources towards sustainable infrasctrure investments in Latin America and the Carribbean, an investment opportunity in low carbon and resilient assets exists and represents a critical step towards a sustainable economic recovery from the financial duress due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on health and economic systems of the region. This papers contribuition is two-fold: it attempts to estimate and size an ideal sustainable investable pipeline accross the region generated by several policies promoting public-private-partnerships (PPP) in the transport and energy sectors. Then it identifies and details different investment strategies and financial instruments available to institutional investors to invest in the region while mitigating the risks they perceived and hinder the mobilization of their resources. Such strategies discussed in the paper include: joint ventures with local counterparties, direct and active investments in the national markets, and/or access to markets via partnerships with development financial institutions.
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James, Estelle, Gary Ferrier, James Smalhout, and Dimitri Vittas. Mutual Funds and Institutional Investments: What is the Most Efficient Way to Set Up Individual Accounts in a Social Security System? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7049.

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Perrault, Anne, and Stephen Leonard. The Green Climate Fund: Accomplishing a Paradigm Shift? Rights and Resources Initiative, October 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.53892/mkmz2578.

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The Green Climate Fund (GCF), established in 2010 at the 16th Conference of Parties (COP16) under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), is now the world’s largest climate financing institution. It has a current investment portfolio of 43 approved projects totaling around US$2 billion, and has 48 Accredited Entities (AEs) to support implementation, including UN agencies, banks, NGOs, and private companies. Through its investments, the GCF aims to achieve a paradigm shift in developing countries, toward low-emissions development and climate resilience. GCF investments must indicate whether and how they could impact Indigenous Peoples, local communities, and women who are most at risk from the adverse effects of climate change (e.g. via environmental and social management plans). These goals, however, are currently being challenged by inadequacies in the Fund’s policies and frameworks. GCF safeguards fail to recognize the critical contributions of rural peoples to the maintenance of ecosystem services that are essential to international climate and development objectives, and to offer adequate protection for their land and resource rights. Drawing on international standards and GCF policy documents, this report traces the adequacy and implementation effectiveness of the Fund’s current institutional frameworks across a representative sample of approved projects. Noting critical gaps in nearly every aspect of the Fund’s operational modalities and project approval processes, the report calls on the GCF to take progressive steps to make Indigenous Peoples’ and local communities’ rights a key part of its climate actions going forward.
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Watkins, Graham, Hervé Breton, and Guy Edwards. Achieving Sustainable Recovery: Criteria for Evaluating the Sustainability and Effectiveness of Covid-19 Recovery Investments in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003413.

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The Covid-19 pandemic has precipitated unprecedented health, social and economic crises across the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. All countries in the region moved quickly to implement rescue policies to safeguard lives and livelihoods. The rescue phase continues along with the challenge of orchestrating the post-COVID-19 economic recovery: designing packages of investments and initiatives to stimulate employment, liquidity, reignite sustainable and inclusive economic growth and transition towards net-zero emission and climate-resilience economies to confront the worsening climate and ecological crisis. These policies must be sustainable in the short and long term and bring institutional, social, economic/financial, and environmental co-benefits. This working paper proposes criteria for evaluating the sustainability of recovery investments and initiatives, to serve as a checklist for stakeholders to use to ensure a recovery that builds an inclusive, sustainable and resilient future for all.
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Chiavassa, Nathalie, and Raphael Dewez. Technical Note on Road Safety in Haiti. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003250.

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The IDB has been a predominant partner supporting Haiti development efforts for many years. Nowadays, the IDB is the main source of investment for the country. Considering the vital weight of road transport sector in the socio-economy of the country, the IDB has concentrated a large part of investment efforts in rehabilitating and improving national road infrastructures. In the same time, a rapid increase of motorization and relatively higher speeds have contributed to increasing the number of traffic fatalities and injuries. In 2017, road injuries were the fifth cause of mortality in Haiti. The Road Safety situation of the country is preoccupying with many Vulnerable Road Users involved, in particular pedestrians and motorcyclists. The country is facing multi-sector challenges to address this Road Safety situation. Despite recent efforts, high political will has not been continuous in promoting a multi-sector coordination and the success of technical efforts remained mitigated over the last years. Road user awareness is still weak in the country. Risk factors include dangerous driving, bad safety conditions of vehicles, together with limited law enforcement and poor maintenance of safety devices on the roads. In this context, the Road Safety situation of the country may be getting worse in the coming years if no action is taken. However, the new Decade provides with a unique opportunity to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) including significant progress in reducing the burden of traffic crashes. The IDB has already initiated vital investments in modernizing crash data collection, promoting institutional dialogue and supporting capacity building in the area of Road Safety. Future actions to address Road Safety challenges in Haiti in the framework of the five UN five pillars would require a range of investments in the area of political commitment, institutional coordination and technical efforts. A change of political paradigm from making roads for travelling faster to making roads safer for all users is highly needed at national level. This technical note on Road Safety in Haiti present the current situation of the country and provides with recommendations for future actions on Road Safety.
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Gerritsen, Erik, Lisa Korteweg, Foivos Petsinaris, Rachel Lamothe, Jeroen van der Laan, Daniela Chiriac, Costanza Strinati, Sean Stout, and Bella Tonkonogy. Options for Considering Nature-positive Finance Tracking and Taxonomy. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004572.

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Healthy and resilient ecosystems underpin our societies and economies. Collapse of just a few ecosystem services such pollination, timber from forests and food from marine fisheries, could result in a global GDP decline of USD 2.7 trillion annually by 2030. We are not investing sufficiently in nature, resulting in an estimated nature funding gap as high as US$800 billion per year. Redirecting financial flows towards nature-positive investments and activities is critical. Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) play an instrumental role to support a nature-positive future, aligned with the forthcoming post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, the G7 Climate, Energy and Environment Ministers Communiqué of May 27th, 2022, and with the Joint Statement on Nature, People, and Planet endorsed by the 10 MDBs at COP27. This Statement included an intention to work towards a joint understanding of the term 'nature positive' in the context of operations and investments and a goal to develop tools and methodologies for tracking 'nature positive' investments across MDB portfolios. This technical note is a first step towards meeting this commitment. This work presents options for defining nature-positive finance, based on definitions and principles identified in a bibliographical review drawing on global expertise and developing frameworks and taxonomies. Acknowledging the variety of institutional and ecological contexts in which MDBs operate, the report offers a menu of options to screen nature-positive activities as well as a variety of approaches to determine the nature-positive contribution to investments. Finally, the report proposes principles for tracking and reporting on these investments.
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Okunogbe, Oyebola, and Fabrizio Santoro. The Promise and Limitations of Information Technology for Tax Mobilisation. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2022.001.

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Tax revenue in many low-income countries is inadequate for funding investments in public goods and human capital. While tax systems have been adopting new technologies to improve tax collection for many years, limitations to in-person interactions due to COVID-19 have further highlighted the role of information technology in tax mobilisation. This paper examines the potential of technology to transform tax administration by helping to identify the tax base, facilitate compliance, and monitor compliance. It also identifies possible limitations to the use of technology arising from inadequate infrastructure and connectivity, lack of adoption (or resistance) by taxpayers and tax collectors, lack of institutional mainstreaming, and an unsupportive regulatory environment.
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Lynch, Clifford, and Diane Goldenberg-Hart. Beyond the Pandemic: The Future of the Research Enterprise in Academic Year 2021-22 and Beyond. Coalition for Networked Information, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.56561/mwrp9673.

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In early June 2021, representatives from a number of CNI member institutions gathered for the third in a series of Executive Roundtable discussions that began in spring 2020, during the early days of the COVID-19 emergency. The conversations were intended to inform our understanding of how the pandemic had impacted the research enterprise and to share information about how institutions were planning to shape investments and strategies surrounding the research enterprise going forward. Previous Roundtables were held in April and September 2020 and reports from those conversations are available from http://www.cni.org/tag/executive-roundtable-report. As with the earlier Roundtables on this topic, June participants primarily included senior library administrators, directors of research computing and information technology, and chief research officers from a variety of higher education institutions across the US and Canada; most participating member institutions were public universities with high research activity, though some mid-sized and private institutions participated as well. The June Roundtable took place in a single convening, supplemented by an additional conversation with a key institution unable to join the group meeting due to last-minute scheduling conflicts. As before, we urged participants to think about research broadly, encompassing the humanities, social sciences, and fieldwork activities, as well as the work that takes place in campus laboratories or facilities shared by broader research communities; indeed, the discussions occasionally considered adjacent areas such as the performing arts. The discussion was wide-ranging, including, but not limited to: the challenges involving undergraduate, graduate and international students; labs and core instrumentation; access to physical collections (libraries, museums, herbaria, etc.) and digital materials; patterns of impact on various disciplines and mitigation strategies; and institutional approaches to improving research resilience. We sensed a growing understanding and sensitivity to the human toll the pandemic has taken on the research community. There were several consistent themes throughout the Roundtable series, but shifts in assumptions, planning, and preparation have been evident as vaccination rates have increased and as organizations have grown somewhat more confident in their ability to sustain largely in-person operations by fall 2021. Still, uncertainties abound and considerable notes of tentativeness remain, and indeed, events subsequent to the Roundtable, such as the large-scale spread of the Delta variant of COVID-19 in the US, have eroded much of the confidence we heard in June 2021, though probably more around instructional strategies than the continuity of the research enterprise. The events of the past 18 months, combined with a growing series of climate change-driven disruptions, have infused a certain level of humility into institutional planning, and they continue to underscore the importance of approaches that emphasize resilience and flexibility.
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Ali, Rassul. Konzeptentwicklung für CDM-Projekte - Risikoanalyse der projektbezogenen Generierung von CO2-Zertifikaten (CER). Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783933795842.

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The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is a complex legal-institutional system that, on the one hand, offers industrialized countries options for cost-effective emission reductions and, on the other, provides developing countries with opportunities for sustainable development. Investors face the difficulty of identifying suitable CDM projects from approximately 130 possible host countries and nearly 60 possible project activities. In order to develop points of reference for strategic investments, this paper identifies and categorizes the risks arising in the value creation process of bilateral energy projects into four action-related levels. At the host level, the focus is on political-institutional and sector-specific risks, while at the investor state level, the legal design of the CDM's complementary function is relevant. The project level covers technology- and process-related risks, with the identification of the reference case and the proof of additionality posing particular problems. The future design of the CDM and the reform of the procedure at the UNFCCC level pose a fundamental risk. A two-stage assessment procedure is proposed for risk assessment: a rough analysis captures sociographic, climate policy, institutional and sector-specific criteria of the host. The differentiation of the project stage allows the localization of the project in the value chain and a differentiation regarding the use of methods. The assessment of project registration is based on the methods used and gives recognition rates per method and project category; project performance is measured in terms of the ratio of emission reductions actually realized to those planned in the project documentation. A detailed analysis following the coarse analysis provides qualitative guidance for project evaluation. These include the Executive Board's methodological principles, correct application of methodologies, identification of the reference case, proof of additionality, as well as the financial conditions of the relevant sector and publicity-related aspects. Despite individual hosts and project technologies, the developed two-step risk analysis allows, with relatively little effort and in line with business practice, an initial assessment of CDM project risks, so that overall it lays a fundamental building block for the elaboration of a strategic implementation and sustainable investment under the CDM.
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