Academic literature on the topic 'Institutional complicity'
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Journal articles on the topic "Institutional complicity"
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Marmion, Patrick J. "Challenging intra-institutional moral complicity." Acta Paediatrica 107, no. 2 (October 24, 2017): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apa.14105.
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Mansaray, Ayo. "Complicity and contestation in the gentrifying urban primary school." Urban Studies 55, no. 14 (November 21, 2017): 3076–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098017740099.
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The transformation of primary schools in gentrifying localities has sometimes been referred to as a form of ‘class colonisation’. This article draws on ethnographic research with teachers, teaching assistants and parents in two inner-London primary schools to explore the largely unexamined role of school leaders (headteachers) in mediating gentrification processes within urban schools. It argues that institutional history, contexts of headship and leadership style all play an important role in negotiating and recontextualising middle-class mobilisation and power to re-shape primary schools. Headteachers’ relationship to gentrification is therefore not simply one of complicity, but often of contestation and conflict. This article therefore challenges understandings of gentrification as a hegemonic process, and contributes to a more nuanced picture of the educational consequences of gentrification, particularly the institutional realities and experiences of urban social change.
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Wu, Xiaolin, Jieren Hu, and Yongmei Li. "Multiscalar Institutional Complicity: An Entrepreneurial City in China's National New Area." China: An International Journal 18, no. 2 (May 2020): 120–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/chn.2020.0019.
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Peck, Eliana, and Ellen K. Feder. "Institutional Evils, Culpable Complicity, and Duties to Engage in Moral Repair." Metaphilosophy 48, no. 3 (April 2017): 203–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/meta.12238.
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Posecznick, Alex. "On theorising and humanising academic complicity in the neoliberal university." Learning and Teaching 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/latiss.2014.070101.
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Most academics that I know take it for granted that higher education in capitalist countries has become deeply corporatised over the last thirty years. But as an undergraduate student in the 1990s, dreaming of joining the ranks of the professoriate, the institutional and structural changes that were transforming the university were largely hidden from my view. Looking back, I had no idea how such trends might be impacting the men and women who excited my intellect and set me on an academic path. I did not even think to ask.
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McDonnell, Hugh. "Complicity and memory in soldiers’ testimonies of the Algerian war of decolonisation in Esprit and Les Temps modernes." Memory Studies 13, no. 6 (July 16, 2018): 952–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750698018784130.
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In the closing phase of the Algerian War in March 1962, Jean-Marie Domenach, director of the journal Esprit, upbraided his counterpart at Les Temps modernes, Jean-Paul Sartre, for failing to understand the greyness of most human actions and the pervasiveness of knots of complicity. Concern for the complexity of complicity was also apparent in Les Temps modernes circles, however, and it was precisely complicity, both in the form of violence of French troops and of the habituation or indifference of the broader French public, that editor Simone de Beauvoir termed a ‘tetanus of the imagination’. Strikingly, she suggested that a means of countering this affliction of getting used to the unconscionable were testimonies of soldiers returning from Algeria in both Les Temps modernes and Esprit. This article examines this mutual concern for the complexities of complicity and investigates its relationship to memory through the curious importance de Beauvoir placed on such testimonies in these two journals. The discussion looks at the mobilisation of the memory of the Second World War in these testimonies, including analogies with fascism and Nazism, and argues that, rather than merely fashionable hyperbole, they powerfully depicted a multifaceted crisis: in Algeria, of French youth, and of France itself. The second part of the article investigates the testimonies’ representation of military institutionalisation – including its detrimental effects on imagination and the facilitation of violence. These representations of systemic or institutional complicity are contextualised alongside scholarly claims that the Algerian war involved a renegotiation of the memory of Vichy France. I argue that the example of these testimonies calls for a qualification of such claims; though they prefigured later conceptions of a complicity memory trope, or ‘the grey zone’ of Vichy France, they did not override the dominant Second World War memory characterised by heroes and victims.
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Duntley-Matos, Roxanna, Marrit Shiery, Robert M. Ortega, Maria M. Matos Serrano, Cindy Newberry, and Mitchell M. Chapman. "Promoting LatinX Generativity: Cultural Humility and Transformative Complicity Through Geriatric Teams." SAGE Open 7, no. 1 (January 2017): 215824401667056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244016670560.
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This article highlights social work, critical thinking, and an ethic of care in geriatric teamwork to promote generativity and the well-being of LatinX elderly. We offer the tripartite paradigm of cultural humility, transformative complicity, and empowerment to reduce power imbalances between service providers, elderly persons, and their communities. A force field analysis considers the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPAC) and Accountable Care Organizations (ACO) to understand the restraining and driving forces affecting the institutionalization of inter/transdisciplinary teams. Effective evidence-based models that humanize geriatric services are offered to counter the current biomedical emphasis of Medicare/Medicaid policies and less-than-responsive geriatric institutional and educational systems. We highlight Bloom and Farragher’s Sanctuary Model of compassionate and democratic practices to address the negative effects of moral entrepreneurship and ageism. The case of Florence, an LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and questioning) grandparent with multiple health issues, is analyzed from biomedical, person in the environment, and a strength-based perspective.
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Bohoslavsky, Juan Pablo. "Tracking Down the Missing Financial Link in Transitional Justice." International Human Rights Law Review 1, no. 1 (2012): 54–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22131035-00101005.
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This article argues that lenders providing financial assistance to authoritarian regimes should be held responsible for complicity if they knew or should have known that they would facilitate human rights abuses. Discussing the lenders’ role in a transitional justice context leads to a broadening of legal and institutional tools to channel this responsibility. This article starts by critically assessing the micro criteria traditionally used to understand the causal link between finance and human rights abuses, suggesting that a macro (i.e. holistic, interdisciplinary and casuistic) approach considering structures, processes and dynamics of sovereign financing should be applied when interpreting this link. It also explains how that traditional view is being challenged. A rational choice approach is taken to explain the most salient financial features of large-scale campaigns of gross human rights violations in order to understand the real relevance of funds in contexts of criminal regimes. The legal bases of responsibility for complicity are then discussed, separately presenting the arguments applied to private, multilateral and bilateral lenders. It also outlines how the missing financial link could be integrated into the domain of transitional justice, presenting, elaborating and assessing enforceability of concrete mechanisms to channel financial complicity in order to attain transitional goals. Finally, concluding remarks and challenges on the relationship between financial complicity and transitional justice are presented; and policy and economic considerations are made to better understand the real implications that incorporating the financial dimension into the transitional justice universe could have for a country.
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Rouse, Rebecca, and James Malazita. "Critical Disciplinary Thinking and Curricular Design in Games." Design Issues 39, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 88–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/desi_a_00708.
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Abstract This article details a large-scale curricular design project in creating and implementing an MS/PhD in “Critical Game Design.” Curricular design and critical scholarship in the analysis and design of games are co-constitutive. Institutional structures build individual and institutional capacity, they legitimize scholarship, define boundaries of expertise, and contribute to imaginations of disciplinary purview. We reflect on what is at stake beyond the discipline itself in wider digital culture, particularly the spread of disinformation, related growth of anti-academic sentiment, and testing of the foundations of democracy. We examine our own complicity and articulate the space of the games classroom as a site of potential transformation.
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Shore, Cris, and Miri Davidson. "Beyond collusion and resistance: Academic–management relations within the neoliberal university." Learning and Teaching 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 12–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/latiss.2014.070102.
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As an early pioneer of market-led institutional reforms and New Public Management policies, New Zealand arguably has one of the most 'neoliberalised' tertiary education sectors in the world. This article reports on a recent academic dispute concerning the attempt by management to introduce a new category of casualised academic employee within one of the country's largest research universities. It is based on a fieldwork study, including document analysis, interviews and the participation of both authors in union and activist activities arising from the dispute. Whilst some academics may collude in the new regimes of governance that these reforms have created, we suggest that 'collusion' and 'resistance' are inadequate terms for explaining how academic behaviour and subjectivities are being reshaped in the modern neoliberal university. We argue for a more theoretically nuanced and situational account that acknowledges the wider legal and systemic constraints that these reforms have created. To do this, we problematise the concept of collusion and reframe it according to three different categories: 'conscious complicity', 'unwitting complicity' and 'coercive complicity'. We ask, what happens when one must 'collude' in order to resist, or when certain forms of opposition are rendered impossible by the terms of one's employment contract? We conclude by reflecting on ways in which academics understand and engage with the policies of university managers in contexts where changes to the framework governing employment relations have rendered conventional forms of resistance increasingly problematic, if not illegal.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Institutional complicity"
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Cameron, Hazel Margaret. "Illuminating external institutional bystander complicity in genocide: Case study Rwanda." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526814.
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Prigent, Pierre-Guillaume. "Les stratégies des pères violents en contexte de séparation parentale : contrôle coercitif, complicité institutionnelle et résistance des femmes." Thesis, Brest, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021BRES0102.
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Dans cette thèse, nous étudions les stratégies que les pères violents adoptent en contexte de séparation parentale. À partir d’entretiens réalisés avec une vingtaine de femmes qui se sont séparées d’un conjoint violent avec qui elles ont eu des enfants, nous identifions les tactiques employées par les agresseurs avant, pendant et après la séparation : isolement, privation de ressources, contrôle, intimidation, dévalorisation, confusion, sur-responsabilisation et violence. Ces tactiques se cumulent, se combinent et s’entremêlent dans la stratégie visant à maintenir pouvoir et contrôle sur la femme et les enfants victimes. Les réponses sociales et institutionnelles à la violence peuvent reproduire les tactiques repérées, et relever de complicité avec l’agresseur. L’espace pour l’action des victimes, réduit lors de la relation conjugale puis étendu grâce à la séparation, est de nouveau restreint par le principe de l’autorité parentale conjointe, qui implique un maintien du lien pouvant exposer à de nouvelles violences, et soumettre les victimes à un contrôle de leurs activités quotidiennes par l’agresseur. La résistance des femmes à la violence et au contrôle post-séparation et leurs tentatives de protéger les enfants sont alors considérées comme un obstacle à la coparentalité. Les droits parentaux des victimes peuvent être réduits, voire la résidence des enfants transférée chez l’agresseur. Cette analyse souligne les résistances institutionnelles à la prise en compte des violences conjugales post-séparation dans la parentalitéIn this thesis, we study the strategies that abusive fathers adopt in the context of parental separation. Based on interviews with twenty women who have separated from an abusive partner with whom they had children, we identify the tactics employed by abusers before, during and after separation: isolation, deprivation of resources, control, intimidation, devaluation, confusion, overburden of responsibility and violence. These tactics accumulate, combine and intertwine in the strategy to maintain power and control over the victimised woman and children. Social and institutional responses to violence may replicate the tactics identified, and may involve complicity with the abuser.The space for action of the victims, reduced during the relationship and then extended by the separation, is again restricted by the principle of joint parental authority, which implies maintaining the link that can expose the victims to further violence and subject them to control of their daily activities by the aggressor.Women's resistance to post-separation violence and control and their attempts to protect the children are then seen as an obstacle to co-parenting. Victims' parental rights may be curtailed or the children's residence transferred to the abuser. This analysis highlights the institutional resistance to taking post-separation domestic violence into account in parenting
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Saltmarsh, Sue. "Complicit institutions representation, consumption and the production of school violence /." Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/47477.
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Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Division of Society, Culture, Media & Philosophy, Department of Critical and Cultural Studies, 2004.Bibliography: leaves 310-325.
Introduction -- School violence: a brief overview -- What's in a name?: constructing an institutional identity in an educational market -- The discipline of gentlemen -- Parent consumers: tactical manoeuvres and institutional strategies -- Making the papers: Trinity in the news -- Games of truth: "everyone has their spin" -- Conclusions.
This study integrates sociological theories of social class with poststructuralist theories of subjectivity, representation and consumption, to consider the complex ways in which the representational practices of institutions and individuals are implicated in the production of violence in schools. This work draws particularly on a case study of incidents of sexual violence which occurred at an elite private school in Sydney during 2000, in which four students were charged with a range of offences committed against younger peers over a period of months. The assault incidents received widespread media coverage and sparked intense public debate, in response to which a media strategies consultant was engaged by the school to liaise with members of the press. This study demonstrates the extent to which the interrelationships between systems of signification (in particular, written and visual texts) and other social systems, (for example, families, schools, and political economy) function in the constitution of subjectivities and the production of meaning, and takes as its focus the interrelationship and functioning of texts, discursive practices and social practices which pertain specifically to the assault incidents described above. Data are derived from a range of sources and genres, including promotional materials, personal and general correspondence, media reports, and interviews, necessitating a variety of qualitative analytic methods. Informed by critical post-structuralist theory, in particular the work of Bourdieu, Foucault, and de Certeau, this work considers questions pertaining to the operation of power within social institutions, with particular emphasis on the constitutive function of discourse. The analysis extends current conceptualisations of school violence through a post-structuralist interrogation of, and linking of violence to, educational consumption, which has predominantly been theorised according to sociological or economic models. The argument is made that the market ideologies which pervade contemporary social and educative practice, together with the representational practices and disciplinary regimes of schools, function in the constitution of social subjects who occupy multiple ambiguous subject positions in the patriarchal hierarchies which characterise the power relations and institutions under consideration, thus implicating institutions in the production of violence.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
vii, 325 leaves
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Brauer, Dot. "Hiding In Plain Sight: How Binary Gender Assumptions Complicate Efforts To Meet Transgender Students' Name And Pronoun Needs." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2017. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/716.
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Existing literature about transgender college students calls upon higher education organizations to support trans students' use of self-identified first names (in place of legal names, given at birth) and self-identified pronouns (in place of assumed pronouns based on sex assigned at birth, or other's perceptions of physical appearance), but that literature lacks guidance on how to achieve this work, which is deceptively complex. This study addressed this gap in the literature in two ways. First by using critical theory to show how hegemonic, binary notions of gender shape intellectual, social, and regulatory dimensions of higher education in ways that complicate practitioners' efforts to provide trans students with support. Second, by using institutional ethnography (IE) as a critical framework and methodology to uncover what IE refers to as texts and relations that operate in unintended ways to undo practitioners' efforts to provide desired supports. I use examples from my experience as a higher education LGBTQ resource professional at the University of Vermont (UVM) to add depth to my analysis and present the results in two articles.
The first article presents the rationale for changing campus information systems to enable transgender students to use self-identified names and pronouns on campus, and presents examples of the work accomplished at the University of Vermont and the University of Michigan. The second article extends beyond logistics to explore the complex questions that are the focus of this dissertation.
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Sapiro, Gisèle. "Complicités et anathèmes en temps de crise : modes de survie du champ littéraire et de ses institutions, 1940-1953 (Académie française, Académie Goncourt, Comité national des écrivains)." Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0323.
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La crise que traverse le champ litteraire francais sous l'occupation allemande (1940-1944) entraine une perte de son autonomie relative, qui se traduit non seulement par la mainmise des pouvoirs d'occupation et du regime autoritaire de v ichy sur son infrastructure et par son eclatement geographique, mais aussi par l'imposition du politique: les positions les plus "apolitiques" auront des effets politiques. En revanche, les "reponses" politiques a cette imposition ne trouvent pas leur principe dans une rationalite propre aux individus, mais dans des rapports de force structures et preexistants. L'etude des attitudes des institutions de la vie litteraire officielles comme l'academie francaise et l'academie goncourt, dont les membres contribuent a la legitimation du regime de vichy, revele ce que les prises de position collectives ou individuelles doivent a l'histoire structurale du champ. C'est en vue de la reconquete d'une autonomie proprement litteraire que se rallient dans la clandestinite quelques ecrivains reconnus ayant subi un declasse ment du fait de la conjoncture (aragon, paulhan, mauriac), rejoints par de "nouveaux entrants". Le regroupement s'effectue a l'initiative du parti communiste, dans le cadre de l'organisation d'un front nationalThe crisis that french "literary field" has passed through during german occupation (1940-1944) has induced a loss of its autonomy. This results not only from the controle that the occupying powers and the vichy regime exercised on its infra-structure, and from geographic dispersion of writers, but also from the imposing of politics : non political attit udes would have political effects. On the other side, the most political "responses" to this imposing cannot be understo od in terms of individuals' rationality, but as a result of preexisting structured power relations. The study of the attitudes of official literary institutions as the french academy or the academie goncourt, the members of which contributed to legitimate vichy ideology, reverals the links between collective or individual political positions and th e structural history of the literary field. The clandestine struggle for reconquering a literary autonomy was lead by so me known writers who have lost their status because of the circumstances (aragon, paulhan, mauriac), followed by young poets, who occupied, therefore, a function of "avant-garde". The group was created on the initiative of the communist party, within the organization of a front national
Books on the topic "Institutional complicity"
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Horne, Cynthia M. Collaboration, Complicity, and Historical Memory. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793328.003.0006.
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The widespread complicity evident in the post-communist cases complicates approaches to transitional justice because it lays some of the blame on society. Lustration procedures use information in secret police files to shed light on the past. Those files contain information documenting how neighbors, friends, co-workers, and even relatives might have informed on you. There is a potential for such revelations about the scope of the interpersonal and institutional betrayals to undermine social trust and civil society. This chapter explores the problems associated with complicity and transitional justice measures by examining the cases of Hungary, Romania, Poland, and Bulgaria. The cases highlight how historical memory is affected by negative revelations about the past. These cases illustrate how rising nostalgia can collide with truth telling, forcing the reconsideration and sometimes revision of historical memory.
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Yaffe, Gideon. The Weight of a Legal Reason. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803324.003.0006.
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This chapter forwards a theory of the strength of legal reasons under which how much say a person has over the law matters to how strong his legal reasons are. Three measures of strength are discussed: (1) a statutory measure, set by the severity of a statutorily specified penalty, (2) an institutional measure, set by the amount of force employed by legal institutions, and (3) an expressive measure, set by the amount of disapproval expressed by the law. The strength of a legal reason provided by a fact for a particular person, in any of these three senses, is a function of the person’s complicity in the legal facts thanks to which the fact provides a legal reason with a given strength. Complicity, in the relevant sense, it is suggested, is established by the person’s degree of say over the relevant body of legal facts.
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Sobel, David, Peter Vallentyne, and Steven Wall, eds. Oxford Studies in Political Philosophy Volume 4. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813972.001.0001.
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This is the fourth volume of the continuing series, Oxford Studies in Political Philosophy. We collect here new and refereed work by leaders in the field. Authors in this volume are Zofia Stemplowska and Adam Swift, Thomas Sinclair, Allen Buchanan, Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen, Zoltan Miklosi, Ralf M. Bader, Alex Voorhoeve, and Alex Zakaras. The chapters are grouped into three categories: Legitimacy, Egalitarianism, and Liberty and Coercion. They address such various themes as the interaction of justice, equality, and political legitimacy; difficulties in the Kantian account of the state and proposals for removing them; institutional legitimacy reevaluated; luck egalitarianism; relational egalitarianism; the nature of liberty; mandatory health insurance and at what level it might best benefit a population; and the issue of citizens’ complicity in their government’s immoral actions with an analysis of various levels of such possible complicity.
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Horne, Cynthia M. Building Trust and Democracy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793328.001.0001.
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Did transitional justice support the processes of political and social trust building and facilitate democratization in the post-communist transitions in Central and Eastern Europe? More specifically, how did the structure and implementation of transitional justice affect outcomes? This book examines the conditions under which lustration and related transitional justice measures affected political and social trust building and democratization across twelve countries in Central and Eastern Europe and parts of the Former Soviet Union between 1989 and 2012. Contrary to blanket claims about the benefits or problems with the use of lustration and public disclosure measures, I argue that these transitional justice measures had a differentiated impact on political and social trust building, supporting some aspects of political trust while undermining other aspects of social trust. Using an original transitional justice typology, this book combines quantitative analyses of twelve post-communist countries and comparative case studies of four transitional justice programs—Hungary’s, Romania’s, Poland’s, and Bulgaria’s—to explicate transitional justice and trust-building dynamics. The book shows that the impact of transitional justice measures was conditional on their structure, scope, timing, and implementation, with particular attention to regime complicity challenges, historical memory issues, and communist legacies. More expansive and compulsory institutional change mechanisms registered the largest effects, with more limited and non-compulsoryemployment change mechanisms having a diminished effect, and more informal and largely symbolic measures having the most attenuated effect. These differentiated and conditional effects were also evident with respect to transition goals like supporting democratic consolidation, improving government effectiveness, and reducing corruption.
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Shaikan, Valentyna, and Andrii Shaikan. Complicity and collabortionism in Ukraine of 1939-1945: reasons, typical and special demonstrations. OKTAN PRINT, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46489/ccu19391945-01.
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The authors examined in complex the reasons, the typical and special demonstrations of such difficult appearances-phenomena as complicity and collaborationism on the territory of the Reich Commissariat "Ukraina" and the zone of the military Hitler administration in the years of the Second World War in their work; the problem is investigated on the basis of the significant amount of the poorly-known or the unknown for the researchers archival documents of the Ukrainian archives' storehouses, at the historical-philosophical and social-psychological level; grasping the idea of the complex social processes, the authors tried to define the water-parting between the demonstrations of the spontaneous or the organized population's self-activity of the occupied territories, the conscious, the voluntary and the forced collaboration with the occupants, showed the motivation of the behavior's different models at the individual and group (collective) levels. New is the positing and interpreting of the problem as the strategy of people survival on the extreme conditions of war. The authors made the typology of different demonstrations of collaboration and complicity in dependence on the specific conditions, the character of the occupation regime, the mental and the moral-psychological factors, ect. The reply to such sharp and touchy questions as, in the first turn, the survival strategy of the Ukrainian population during the Hitler occupation, the activity of the military-political structures, the characteristic features and peculiarities of the social-economic, cultural and religious life, the character of the international relations, the activity of the Ukrainian social-political institutions at the beginning of war and others, in the authors' opinion, will help in creation of the objective and complete picture of the Second World War.
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George, Erika. Incorporating Rights. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199941483.001.0001.
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Incorporating Rights: Strategies to Advance Corporate Accountability examines existing and emerging advocacy strategies that could conceivably close a global governance gap that puts human rights at risk and places commercial actors at risk of becoming complicit in human rights abuses when conducting business in emerging market economies and complex environments. Corporate codes of conduct, sustainability reporting, and selected multistakeholder initiatives are presented as the building blocks of a system of soft law that could solidify to become binding baseline standards for better business practices. This book explains the conditions that have given rise to constructive change as well as those methods and mechanisms with promise for ensuring that business enterprises incorporate human rights considerations into business operations. This book explores how capital and consumer markets could provide an additional or alternative form of enforcement to promote responsible business conduct. It provides accounts of the creation of industry sector regulatory instruments and governance institutions arising from allegations of corporate complicity in human rights abuses. It examines how corporate social responsibility initiatives could close the governance gap and how codes of conduct could come to regulate like real rules. This book argues that regulation through information is essential to ensure that corporate conduct will be informed by human rights considerations and implemented consistent with respect for human rights. Where concerned consumers and investors exercise preferences for products that are not associated with abuse and have access to information on corporate performance and risks posed to human rights, there is potential to change corporate conduct. Societal expectations are increasing and evolving.
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Horne, Cynthia M. Lustration, Public Disclosures, and Social Trust. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793328.003.0007.
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This chapter examines the conditions under which lustration and truth commissions affected social trust, separately considering trust in social institutions and interpersonal trust. This chapter shows that measures to improve social trust might have unintended, negative consequences. More compulsory lustration programs were associated with less trust in unions and the church at both the individual and aggregate levels. There is some evidence to support the contentions of critics that lustration might adversely affect social institutions via blowback from truth telling and public disclosures about previous regime complicity. With respect to interpersonal trust, while late file access procedures and personal disclosures could affect interpersonal trust in the future, the lustration of public office holders has not undermined interpersonal trust as feared. The findings from this chapter reconfirmed the theoretical argument specified in Chapter 1 regarding the expected differential impact of lustration measures on particularized and generalized social trust.
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Benoît, Pelletier. Part II Institutions and Constitutional Change, D Constitutional Amendment, Ch.12 Amending the Constitution of Canada. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780190664817.003.0012.
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In the past, Canadian constitutional reform has been marked by surprising successes and resounding failures. Indeed, the failures were such that constitutional amendment itself, along with the word “Constitution”, became taboo in the eyes of a large part of the Canadian population. This chapter will commence with a brief history of constitutional reform in Canada from the Constitution Act, 1867 to the patriation of 1982, followed by an analysis of the post-patriation constitutional amendment procedures. It will then discuss the political and legal frameworks which further complicate the already strict requirements of modern constitutional amendment in Canada, and will conclude with an overview of the phenomena favouring paraconstitutional adaptation of the Constitution. Finally, it will point out that the full restoration of the word “Constitution” is of utmost importance in ensuring that constitutional reform itself does not simply become a matter of wishful thinking.
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Berry, Daina Ramey, and Nakia D. Parker. Women and Slavery in the Nineteenth Century. Edited by Ellen Hartigan-O'Connor and Lisa G. Materson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190222628.013.9.
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This chapter analyzes the lives of enslaved women in the nineteenth-century United States and the Caribbean, an era characterized by the massive expansion of the institution of chattel slavery. Framing the discussion through the themes of labor, commodification, sexuality, and resistance, this chapter highlights the wide range of lived experiences of enslaved women in the Atlantic World. Enslaved women’s productive and reproductive labor fueled the global machinery of capitalism and the market economy. Although enslaved women endured the constant exploitation and commodification of their bodies, many actively resisted their enslavement and carved out supportive and sustaining familial, marital, and kinship bonds. In addition, this essay explains how white, native, and black women could be complicit in the perpetuation of chattel slavery as enslavers and slave traders. Considering women in their roles as the oppressed and the oppressors contributes and expands historical understandings of gender and sexuality in relation to slavery.
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Scott, Charlotte. ‘Love is proved in the letting go’. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828556.003.0004.
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Maintaining the focus on the role of the child in relation to figures of authority, and the thresholds between dependence and independence outlined in Chapter 3, Chapter 4 analyses some of Shakespeare’s comic children. Turning to the relationship between socialization and marriage and the institutional structures through which the young people of these plays are ushered, it explores the role of marriage in the stratification of emotional authority. Concentrating on A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Much Ado About Nothing, Chapter 4 examines the tensions between the sociable and gendered body. Analysing contemporary attitudes to marriage as transference of power from the father to the husband, it explores the status of the woman between child and wife. Thinking about the terms of agency that these plays deploy, the spaces in which women are shown to ‘grow up’, and the extent to which Shakespeare’s comedies complicate the representation of marriage as socialization, this chapter positions its focus on the child as social commodity.
Book chapters on the topic "Institutional complicity"
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Peck, Eliana, and Ellen K. Feder. "Institutional Evils, Culpable Complicity, and Duties to Engage in Moral Repair." In Criticism and Compassion, 171–92. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119463030.ch11.
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Lee, Jack T., and Rajani Naidoo. "Complicit Reproductions in the Global South: Courting World Class Universities and Global Rankings." In Evaluating Education: Normative Systems and Institutional Practices, 77–91. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7598-3_6.
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AbstractThe proliferation of global rankings has led to vigorous debates about the dominance of world-class universities and the encroaching institutional isomorphism in higher education. Specifically, the narrow metrics of rankings celebrate STEM research and institutional reputation at the expense of the humanist roots of higher education: teaching, self-cultivation, and community engagement. This critique on global rankings faces an equally vocal demand that a country must develop world-class universities in order to remain economically competitive in the global era – an instrumental logic that attracts devotees in both advanced economies as well as developing economies. Ironically, policymakers in both contexts simultaneously lament the prevalence of rankings and calibrate strategies to promote success in league tables. Although rankings attract scrutiny in both higher education policymaking and research, the implications of these metrics on higher education in the Global South receive little attention. The discourse is largely focused on top and mid ranking institutions, which are often located in the Global North. In the Global South, global rankings and the concept of world-class universities act through subtle yet powerful mechanisms to shape the contours of higher education. For many institutions and states in the Global South, the fervour is less about creating a world-class university and more about establishing links with well ranked universities (domestically and internationally). Therefore, while the explicit goal is not to build a world-class university, policymakers are nevertheless complicit in reproducing the hegemony of global rankings. This chapter will examine the activities in which global rankings exert tremendous pressure on the Global South: curriculum development, student mobility, faculty recruitment, research partnerships, and strategic planning. In mapping out the mechanisms of reproduction, the goal is to highlight the pervasive influence of global rankings and the complicity in reproduction rather than paint a binary division between the global and local dimensions of higher education.
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Magill, Gerard. "Complicity of Catholic Healthcare Institutions with Immoral Laws." In Philosophy and Medicine, 523–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55766-3_35.
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Eaton, Paul W. "Challenging Complicity and Institutional Racism 1." In Rethinking LGBTQIA Students and Collegiate Contexts, 137–52. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429447297-9.
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Steinberg, Jonah. "Remand to Rehabilitation." In A Garland of Bones, 192–246. Yale University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300222807.003.0006.
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This chapter focuses on institutional space, a domain with which nearly all runaways come into contact at some point. It examines the thin boundary between the charitable and the carceral embodied in the institutions that both aid and confine runaway children. It unpacks this thin boundary both synchronically, by instantiating contemporary nongovernmental organizations' constructions of “reform” and “rehabilitation” and considering their complicity with campaigns of urban cleansing and with structures of policing and confinement; and historically, by excavating with archival research continuities between extant and antecedent charities for “vagabond children” and the colonial reformatory itself, particularly as it was applied to the children of societies that were constructed as criminal-by-birth.
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Auyero, Javier, and María Fernanda Berti. "Toward a Political Sociology of Urban Marginality." In In Harm's Way. Princeton University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691173030.003.0006.
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This book has examined how violence dislocates individuals' lives and disrupts the collective life of Arquitecto Tucci. It has also identified economic and political forces at the root of the whirlpool of violence that wreaks havoc in Tucci's daily life. This conclusion summarizes the book's main findings and proposes a political sociology of urban marginality by highlighting parallels and convergences with other territories of urban relegation in the Americas. It argues that, to make better sense of concatenated violence—and the individual and collective actions it generates—it is necessary to pay attention to state actions and inactions, such as police brutality, police participation in crime (such as the drug trade), and the almost total (and patriarchal) institutional disregard for—and occasional complicity with—domestic and sexual violence.
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Beerbohm, Eric. "Paper Stones." In In Our Name. Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691154619.003.0003.
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This chapter proposes an ethics of participation for unjust political environments. It develops the idea of democracy as shared liability to address the problem of marginality and redundancy in electoral settings. It argues that it is a mistake to conceive of a citizen as aiming to swing an election with his/her votes alone, because this relies on unnecessarily contentious theories of causation, action, and intention. The key is to expose the metaphysical commitments so that we can defend instances of participation in which citizens do make a difference by their individual votes and through the joint action they perform with those who share their political convictions. The chapter runs an argument from complicity, which is premised on the actual institutional role of the citizen: we have a defeasible moral reason to participate in elections where citizens can make a causal contribution against injustice.
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Malka, Adam. "Securing the Workplace." In Men of Mobtown, 89–122. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469636290.003.0004.
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This chapter, along with the next two, interrogates the ways that police reform amplified ordinary white men’s power to police free black Baltimoreans. One site of such racial policing was the workplace. By the late 1850s, Chapter 3 shows, white workingmen were commonly engaging in job busting – i.e. chasing skilled black workingmen from the docks and rail yards with the police’s complicity. This was because the law did not treat all workers equally, even in an industrializing city where employers held much of the leverage and the vast majority of the people of color were free. Black workers were prolific in Baltimore, and the wages black Baltimoreans earned were meaningful evidence of their freedom, but the legal and institutional discrimination they confronted put them at a severe disadvantage when facing white violence in the workplace. More times than not, professional policemen confirmed the disparity.
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Altman, Andrew. "Conclusion." In Debating Pornography, 296–98. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199358700.003.0011.
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The conclusion of Watson’s contribution engages with the ethical questions concerning personal pornography use. Watson notes that she cannot fully engage with the ethical dimensions of pornography use but raises a set of questions for reflection from the reader. How can one know whether the pornography one is masturbating to is of women who have been forced or coerced or otherwise compelled into pornography performances? Rarely, if ever, can one know the answers to these questions. Thus, Watson suggests that users of pornography may well be complicit in an institution of sex inequality and that such complicity is often at odds with their explicit egalitarian ideals.
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Harrisville, David A. "Honorable Self and Villainous Other." In The Virtuous Wehrmacht, 20–55. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501760044.003.0002.
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This chapter displays an overview of the Wehrmacht's moral value systems, including both Nazi morality and more traditional values. It presents a new perspective by focusing not only on their significance for soldiers' motivations but also how ethical principles were deployed on both the institutional and individual levels to construct an “honorable” self-image that eased complicity in the Vernichtungskrieg and influenced how the army was viewed by the German public. As it outlines the rhetorical construction of decency, the chapter pays particular attention to exploring the wide range of value systems in the Wehrmacht and their relationship to Nazi morality. It challenges the notion that the military had completely discarded all reference to pre-Nazi norms before or during Barbarossa and demonstrates instead that traditional beliefs about right and wrong continued to impact the army's rhetoric and actions even as the influence of Nazi ideology intensified. The chapter argues that it was the military's ability to maintain at least the trappings of legality—to give soldiers and their relatives a reason to believe in their own decency, by whatever standards they defined it—that continued to inspire men of all backgrounds to pursue Nazi goals, goals that seemed all the more appealing when translated into the familiar language of good and evil.
Conference papers on the topic "Institutional complicity"
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Tansey, Lorraine. "Encountering difficult knowledge: Service-learning with Sociology and Political Science undergraduates." In Learning Connections 2019: Spaces, People, Practice. University College Cork||National Forum for the Enhancement of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/lc2019.27.
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Community based learning or service learning is a dynamic pedagogical opportunity for students to engage with their discipline in light of social concerns. This presentation will share the key challenges sociology students and lecturer encounter when working with charities and nonprofits with social justice missions. Students are asked to face what Pitt and Britzman (2003) call “difficult knowledge” in classroom readings and discussions on complicity to poverty and racism. The community engagement experience with local charities allows for a dialogue with the scholarly literature grounded in practical experience. Sociology students are challenged to see the institutional and wider structural inequalities upstream while working in community with a direct service role downstream. Taylor (2013) describes student engagement within this type of teaching tool that is critical of the status quo. Hall et al. (2004) argue that the classroom is best placed to navigate this new terrain whereas student volunteering independently might not facilitate reflection and academic literature. Students with a wide variety of needs engage with communities in different ways and lecturers may need to adjust and demonstrate flexibility to facilitate all learning environments.
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Jewett, Laura. "Curricular Contrabandistas, "Tempered Radicals," and "Complicit Colonists": Exploring Critical Discourse in a Latinx-Serving Institution." In 2020 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1581985.
Full textReports on the topic "Institutional complicity"
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Symonenko, Svitlana V., Nataliia V. Zaitseva, Viacheslav V. Osadchyi, Kateryna P. Osadcha, and Ekaterina O. Shmeltser. Virtual reality in foreign language training at higher educational institutions. [б. в.], February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3759.
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The paper deals with the urgent problem of application of virtual reality in foreign language training. Statistical data confirms that the number of smartphone users, Internet users, including wireless Internet users, has been increasing for recent years in Ukraine and tends to grow. The coherence of quick mobile Internet access and presence of supplementary equipment enables to get trained or to self-dependently advance due to usage of virtual reality possibilities for education in the stationary classrooms, at home and in motion. Several important features of virtual reality, its advantages for education are discussed. It is noted that virtual reality is remaining a relatively new technology in language learning. Benefits from virtual reality implementation into foreign language learning and teaching are given. The aspects of immersion and gamification in foreign language learning are considered. It is emphasized that virtual reality creates necessary preconditions for motivation increasing. The results of the survey at two higher education institution as to personal experience in using VR applications for learning foreign languages are presented. Most students at both universities have indicated quite a low virtual reality application usage. Six popular virtual reality applications for foreign language learning (Mondly, VRSpeech, VR Learn English, Gold Lotus, AltSpaceVR and VirtualSpeech) are analyzed. It is stated that the most preferred VR application for foreign language learning includes detailed virtual environment for maximal immersion, high- level visual effects similar to video games, simple avatar control, thorough material selection and complete complicity level accordance of every element and aspect, affordability, helpful and unobtrusive following up.
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Herbert, Sian. Reducing Criminal Violence Through Public Sector-led Multisectoral Approaches. Institute of Development Studies, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.043.
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The last decades have seen increased consensus for the need to understand and address violence through a public health approach, and a preventative approach, as embodied by Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16. This necessitates a multi-sector and multi-stakeholder approach, yet poor governance continues to threaten progress on this agenda. Many policy approaches to urban violence tend to take an approach that is either place-based; people-based; or behaviour-based and include a range of initiatives. The INSPIRE initiative is a key global response to tackling violence against women (VAW) and violence against children (VAC) A multisector approach is needed to address the complexity and multifactorial origins of violence. Yet multisector engagement can complicate institutional responses due to different goals, concepts, instruments, etc. Increased collaboration and joined-up approaches across government departments have led to changes in institutions and approaches. The literature base on violence prevention initiatives is varied and uneven across the different types of violence, e.g. with more literature available on interventions focussed on interpersonal and urban violence compared to organised crime-related violence. Evaluations are limited and face many methodological challenges (Cuesta & Alda, 2021) – e.g. the scale and complexity of violence limits the extent to which interventions can be rigorously evaluated or comparable, and most focus on interventions in the Global North. Most importantly, the literature base for this specific question – focussed on the wider institutional context and lessons for a multisectoral approach – is very limited, as most of the available literature focusses on lessons relating to the outcomes of the interventions. In line with the operational focus of this paper, this review draws mainly on practitioner and policy publications. The approaches, interventions, and lessons detailed below are illustrative and are not comprehensive of the many complex lessons relating to this broad area of programming.