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1
Dunbar, Paul Lawrence. "Prince Hall Freemasonry: The other invisible institution of the black community." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5325/.
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The black church and Prince Hall Freemasonry both played important roles in the black experience in America. Freemasonry and the black church; one secular, the other spiritual, played equally important, interrelated roles in the way the black community addressed social, political, and economic problems in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
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Gendre, Xavier. "L'image du prince aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles. Transformations du concept de miroir des princes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP5111.
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Cette thèse vise à expliquer l'évolution de l'image du prince, aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles, au travers notamment des transformations du concept de « miroir des princes ». Issu du symbolisme de l'objet-miroir en morale et de sa métaphorisation en politique comme objet de représentation de l'idéal vertueux, le terme « miroir des princes » a évolué jusqu'à désigner, durant la période médiévale, un genre de littérature adressée au représentant du régime politique monarchique. Le genre littéraire des miroirs des princes - difficile à définir et à établir selon des critères fixes - s'est vu remettre en cause au XVIe siècle par la pensée machiavélienne. D'un caractère idéal et idéel et forgée sur les bases vertueuses de la morale chrétienne, l'image du prince s'est transformée par son inscription dans la réalité des faits politiques et historiques. Il s'agit alors d'observer l'évolution de l'utilisation de la métaphore du miroir des princes ainsi que du concept théorique de représentation de l'image idéale du gouvernant, dans la littérature politique des XVIe et XVIIe siècles en France, jusqu'à l'invalidation de la figure vertueuse du prince par la réflexion des théoriciens de la souveraineté à l'époque moderneThis thesis aims to explain the evolution of the image of the prince in the 16th and 17th centuries, in particular through the transformations of the concept of the "mirror of princes". The term "mirror of princes", derived from the symbolism of the mirror-object in morality and its metaphorization in politics as an object of representation of the virtuous ideal, evolved to designate, during the medieval period, a kind of literature addressed to the representative of the monarchical political regime. The literary genre of "mirror of princes" - difficult to define and establish according to fixed criteria - was challenged in the 16th century by Machiavellian thought. Of an ideal character and forged on the virtuous foundations of Christian morality, the image of the prince has been transformed by its inscription in the reality of political and historical facts. It is then a question of observing the evolution of the use of the metaphor of the mirror of princes as well as the theoretical concept of representation of the ideal image of the ruler, in the political literature of the 16th and 17th centuries in France, until the invalidation of the virtuous figure of the prince by the reflection of the theorists of sovereignty in the modern era
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Charton, Fabrice. "« Vetat Mori » : une institution au service du Prince, de la Petite Académie à l’Académie royale des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres (1663-1742)." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0030.
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En 1663, Jean-Baptiste Colbert, surintendant des bâtiments du roi, réunit une petite équipe composée de membres de l’Académie française : la Petite Académie est née. Chargée de rédiger l’histoire du Roi-Soleil par les devises, les inscriptions et les médailles, elle va rapidement devenir un acteur incontournable de la politique publicitaire royale. En 1701, elle reçoit un règlement qui l’institutionnalise et devient Académie royale des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. Dès le début du XVIIIe siècle, l’institution va diversifier ses activités, passant de tâches panégyriques à des études historiques plus fines. L’Académie, institution royale, devient alors le reflet de la figure du prince lettré. Elle est un maillon essentiel de la République des Lettres. Le fonctionnement de cette Académie sur une période de cent ans est le reflet d’un monde qui change, coincé entre les valeurs du Grand Siècle et les innovations du Siècle des LumièresIn 1663, Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Superintendant of the King’s Buildings, gathered a small team composed of members of the Académie Française: the petite Académie was born. Entrusted with the responsibility of writing the history of the Roi Soleil (Louis xiv) in tokens, inscriptions and medals, it soon became an essential actor of royal propaganda. In 1701, it was institutionalised and became the Académie Royale des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres (Royal Academy of Inscriptions and Letters). In the early 18th century, the institution started to add some finer historical studies to its panegyric task. The Académie, a royal institution, then became a reflection of the figure of the Lettered Prince. It thus became an essential link in the Republic of Letters. The way this academy functioned during a century reflects a changing world, between the values of the Grand Siècle (17th century) and the innovations of the period of Enlightment in the 18th century
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Flandrois, Isabelle. "L'institution du prince au début du XVIIème siècle." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040071.
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A partir d'un corpus de textes reste inexploité, on tente de donner une définition de l'idée d'institution du prince, au tout début du dix-septième siècle. Il s'agit tout d'abord d'identifier les auteurs et de les replacer dans la tradition, en mettant en évidence ce qu'ils doivent au Moyen Age, mais également à l'humanisme de la Renaissance ainsi qu'à Machiavel. Le corpus théorique, limité aux textes qui ont une intention éducative manifeste, est confronté à un autre document, très révélateur des conditions mentales dans lesquelles s'effectue l'éducation du Prince: le journal de Jean Héroard, premier médecin du dauphin fils d'Henri IV. Ainsi peut-on mettre en évidence les rapports entre morale et politique, tels qu'ils sont conçus par les auteurs de l'institution du prince, et le rôle réel que joue cette littérature spécialeEssay on political and educational unknown literature at the beginning of the seventeenth century, in France. By confrontation of theoretical treatises and the diary of Jean Héroard, physician of the young son of Henri the fourth, we can see what is the thought of the education of the prince. Influenced by middle ages treatises, and also by Erasmus and Machiavelli, the authors of the beginning of the seventeenth century try to define relations between politics and moralities
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MacDonald, Heidi. "The Sisters of St. Martha and Prince Edward Island social institutions, 1916-1982." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ68169.pdf.
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Nieżychowski, Maciej. "The institution of bridewealth and making of Tswana marriage." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.
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Ben, slimane Mehdi. "Investissements directs étrangers et sécurité alimentaire dans les pays en développement." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NSARE042/document.
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Les pays en développement (PED) enregistrent un taux de croissance démographique particulièrement élevé et une forte demande alimentaire. Par ailleurs, l’investissement direct étranger (IDE) est au centre des politiques d’investissement de ces pays. Les PED attirent l’IDE pour améliorer la croissance économique. Cette vision optimiste est contredite par des effets négatifs sur leur économies. En se basant sur trois facteurs que nous jugeons très importants pour la sécurité alimentaire (SA) : la production agricole, la qualité institutionnelle et la dépendance en importation alimentaires, nous investiguons les effets de l’IDE sur la SA.Les résultats montrent que l’IDE agricole améliore la SA et l’IDE secondaire améliore la production agricole grâce au transfert technologique et du savoir-faire avec des effets nuisibles qui peuvent apparaitre comme la pollution de l’environnement. L’IDE tertiaire a tendance à baisser la main d’œuvre dans l’agriculture et à augmenter la demande alimentaire dans les zones urbaines. En ajoutant l’institution locales à l’analyse, les résultats montrent qu’à partir de certains seuils de qualité institutionnelle, l’IDE primaire et secondaire améliorent la SA. L’intérêt des PED est d’améliorer leur qualité institutionnelle et de cibler l’attraction de l’IDEDeveloping countries (DCs) have a high population growth and food demand. Moreover, foreign direct investment (FDI) is in the heart of investment policy. DCs attract FDI to improve their economic growth. This optimistic view is contradicted by negative effects on their economies. We based our analysis on three important factors: agricultural production, institutional quality and the food import dependency, we investigate the effects of desegregated and aggregated FDI on the food security. The results show that agricultural FDI improves food security and secondary FDI improves agricultural production through technology transfer and know-how with harmful effects that may occur as the environmental pollution.The tertiary IDE tends to decrease labor in agriculture and increasing food demand in urban areas. By adding the local institution to the analysis, the results show that from certain institutional quality thresholds, primary and secondary IDE improves food security. Our recommendation is that DCs has the interest to improve their institutional quality and targeting the attraction of FDI. Finally, aggregated FDI tends to deteriorate the ability to import food in countries with low and lower middle income. These countries have an interest to attract export-oriented FDI
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Ding, Lei. "Financial institutions and asset prices." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/27230.
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This thesis analyses the role of financial institutions in determining asset prices both theoretically and empirically, and consists of three papers. Chapter 1 provides the motivation and a detailed summary of the three papers. Chapter 2 focuses on the hedge fund industry that has come to play a prominent role in today's financial markets due to its explosive growth. Fierce competition for funds generates relative performance objectives for managers. This paper studies how a hedge-fund manager's investment decision is affected by her tournament concern, incentive contract and liquidation threat. Chapter 3 examines the impact of both managerial capital and delegated capital on asset-market equilibrium by generalising the marginal investor to be a portfolio manager who is paid a relative performance fee. This chapter studies whether it is possible to stabilise financial markets by adopting a less centralized approach based on the idea of altering institutional incentives before a crisis rather than remedial actions after a crisis. Given that the model in Chapter 3 is an example of equity risk-capital models that fit the facts surrounding bank-based intermediaries, Chapter 4 investigates the characteristics of banks' balance sheets and also suggest that banks' balance sheets convey information on predicting subsequent asset-market variations. Chapter 5 concludes.
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James, Duncan Ross. "Institutions, contracts, and asset market prices." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288814.
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Tournament incentives have been extensively analyzed, and recommended as policy, by economists and compensation consultants alike. Analysis of tournaments typically looks at the effect of tournament contracts for individuals on individual behavior in non-market settings (public good provision, team tasks, etc.). In contrast, this work investigates the effect of tournament contracts for individual agents on market performance. In particular, this work investigates the effect on asset market performance of individual contracts that reward "beating the market". To this end, both theory and laboratory experiments are employed. The theoretical prediction that the rational expectations equilibrium is destroyed by the introduction of "beat the market" contracts is overwhelmingly supported by the experimental data.
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Côté, Sophie. "DE L'HOSPICE SAINT-THOMAS DE MONTMAGNY AU FOYER D'YOUVILLE, 1885-1971. Évolution de la charité comme principe moteur du fonctionnement d'une institution pour personnes âgées au Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24933/24933.pdf.
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Ce mémoire étudie l’évolution de la charité comme principe moteur du fonctionnement d’une institution hébergeant des personnes âgées entre 1885 et 1971 à Montmagny, soit l’Hospice Saint-Thomas/Foyer d’Youville. Cette évolution est analysée à travers le rôle joué par les principaux acteurs que sont les résidants, le personnel, la communauté magnymontoise, l’État et le Service social de l’Enfance et de la Famille. Il montre que des phénomènes tels que l’affaiblissement de l’influence de l’Église catholique allant de pair avec l’intensification des interventions de l’État dans le champ du social, l’accélération de la laïcisation du personnel, la syndicalisation des employés et la disparition des interactions entre des membres de la communauté locale et les résidants des institutions affaiblissent progressivement le caractère charitable de l’institution magnymontoise de telle sorte que, en 1971, son fonctionnement ne se définit plus par son caractère charitable et ce, bien que certaines traces en subsistent encore.
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Côte, Sophie. "De l'Hospice Saint-Thomas de Montmagny au Foyer d'Youville, 1885-1971 : évolution de la charité comme principe moteur du fonctionnement d'une institution pour personnes âgées au Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19719.
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Ce mémoire étudie l'évolution de la charité comme principe moteur du fonctionnement d'une institution hébergeant des personnes âgées entre 1885 et 1971 à Montmagny, soit l'Hospice Saint-Thomas/Foyer d'Youville. Cette évolution est analysée à travers le rôle joué par les principaux acteurs que sont les résidants, le personnel, la communauté magnymontoise, l'État et le Service social de l'Enfance et de la Famille. Il montre que des phénomènes tels que l'affaiblissement de l'influence de l'Église catholique allant de pair avec l'intensification des interventions de l'État dans le champ du social, l'accélération de la laïcisation du personnel, la syndicalisation des employés et la disparition des interactions entre des membres de la communauté locale et les résidants des institutions affaiblissent progressivement le caractère charitable de l'institution magnymontoise de telle sorte que, en 1971, son fonctionnement ne se définit plus par son caractère charitable et ce, bien que certaines traces en subsistent encore.
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Dejan, Austin J. "Credit Supply, Price and Financial Stability in Markets and Institutions." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2018. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2453.
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In Chapter 1, the staggered nature of the adoption of interstate bank branching deregulation in the United States is utilized as an exogeneous shock to investigate the managerial incentives involved in corporate socially responsible (CSR) activities. Using Kinder, Lydenberg, and Domini Research & Analytics, Inc. for our CSR measures, we find a significant negative relation between the extent of deregulation and CSR practices, which implies that deregulation-led rising competition in product market makes the non-financial firms more concerned about protecting interests of shareholders than other stakeholders. Specifically, firms with low pricing power tend to significantly reduce their CSR activities. Our results are robust using alternative empirical specifications and CSR measures.
Chapter 2 investigates the interaction between price stability and financial stability for “Fragile Five” countries. In the first step, we investigate the causation linkage between price stability and financial stability indicators. In the second step, we analyze the effect of financial stability instruments, lending rate and required reserve ratio, on price stability. We then test the price stability instrument policy rate on financial stability. Empirical findings, in the first step, indicate that there is no meaningful relationship between policy objectives in the short run, while the relation between financial stability and price stability occurs in the longer time frequencies. However, the situation is not valid for all economies. In the second step, we measure the effects of monetary policy tools employed by the central bank of each of the Fragile Five countries. The findings from the analysis that investigates the effects of each policy instrument imply that the policy rate instrument implemented to achieve the inflation target does not affect the financial stability goal. Similarly, the reserve requirement ratio instrument to achieve the financial stability goal does not affect the price stability goal. On the other hand, results give some implication about the negative effects of the lending rate instrument on the inflation targeting objective.
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Artaud-Vignollet, Stéphanie. "Le principe de l'équilibre institutionnel dans l'Union européenne." Toulouse 1, 2003. http://publications.univ-tlse1.fr/707/.
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Le principe de l'équilibre institutionnel est la clé de voûte d'un système en constante évolution. Inspiré de la théorie de la séparation des pouvoirs, il s'en distingue du fait que son objet n'est pas de garantir une répartition stricte des pouvoirs entre institutions, mais de protéger un équilibre entre logiques supranationale et intergouvernementale. Il en résulte une répartition atypique des compétences que symbolise ce principe, qui a pour but de régler les relations entre les institutions dans l'exercice de leurs pouvoirs respectifs. Très vite cet équilibre se développe au profit d'un processus intergouvernemental, et ce n'est qu'avec le traité de Maastricht qu'un rééquilibrage des relations interinstitutionnelles s'opère. L'équilibre institutionnel s'inverse donc et montre qu'il est soumis à l'importance donnée à tel ou tel intérêt politique et que, s'il a vocation à régir l'organisation institutionnelle communautaire, il est fortement conditionné par son évolutionThe principle of the institutional balance is the keystone of a system in constant evolution. Inspired from the theory of the separation of powers, it distinguishes owing to the fact that its function is not to guarantee a strict distribution of powers between institutions, but to protect a balance between supranational and intergovernmental logics. It results an atypical distribution of competences, which this principle symbolizes, the purpose of which is to regulate the relationship between the institutions in the exercice of their respective powers. Very quickly this balance develops in favor of an intergovernmental process, and it is only with the treaty of Maastricht that a rebalancing of the inter-institutional relations occurs. The institutional balance reverses thus, and shows that it is subjected to the importance given to such or such political interest and that, if it has vocation to govern the Community institutional organization, it is strongly conditioned by its evolution
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Vincent, Schneider Robert J. "Vincenti Belvacensis De morali principis institutione." Turnholti : Brepols, 1995. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/32647198.html.
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Kinsch, Patrick. "Le fait du prince étranger." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR30005.
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Même lorsqu'elles ne sont pas désignées comme applicables à la situation litigieuse par les règles de conflits de lois du for ou reconnues conformément à ses règles de conflits de juridictions, des normes étrangères - considérées comme immédiatement applicables par les autorités de l'état étranger dont elles émanent peuvent produire certains effets de fait que les tribunaux du for doivent prendre en considération dans l'appréciation du comportement des parties. La pratique judiciaire accepte, ainsi, de considérer comme cas de force majeure libératoires des interventions étatiques, à condition qu'elles rendent effectivement impossible l'exécution d'une obligation - qui peut être de nature contractuelle ou extra contractuelle. -- Du point de vue méthodologique, cette technique de prise en considération des normes étrangères se distingue nettement des techniques de conflits de lois et de juridictions; sa raison d'être peut être expliquée à travers la "théorie des data" (B. Currie, A. Ehrenzweig). En pratique, la prise en considération des lois de police étrangères ayant le caractère de "règles de conduite" - qui constitue l'approche traditionnellement suivie par les tribunaux dans ce domaine particulier - est une approche adéquate, dont les résultats peuvent être comparés favorablement à ceux des techniques alternatives que sont la théorie de l'Act of state et la théorie du rattachement spécial des lois de police étrangères (ou Sonderanknupfung)Even though they may not be selected as applicable law by the forum's rules relating to choice of law or recognized under its rules relating to the recognition of foreign decisions, certain foreign norms can - by virtue of their being treated as mandatorily applicable by the public authorities of the foreign state from which they emanate - have factual effects which the forum will have to take into consideration in evaluating the parties' conduct. The practice of the courts is to consider, where appropriate, the intervention of foreign public authorities in the performance of a - contractual or extracontractual - obligation as giving rise to an impossibility fo performance (or force majeure). -- from a methodological viewpoint, that method of taking foreign norms into consideration is clearly distinct from the application of choice-of-law or recognition-of-decisions rules. The reason behind it can be explained through the datum theory (b. Currie, a. Ehrenzweig). As a practical matter, the approach which consists in thus taking account of foreign mandatory rules of conduct - the courts' traditional approach in this specific field - may be deemed adequate, and its results can be compared favourably to those of two alternative methods: the act of state doctrine and the theory of unilateralist application of foreign mandatory laws (or sonderanknupfung)
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Hahn, Nancy A. "Machiavelli's Prince: A renaissance pasquinade." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1264.
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Martin, Neill. "A reading of 'Prince Hohenstiel-Schwangau" /." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61328.
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Browning's long dramatic monologue Prince Hohenstiel-Schwangau was published in 1871. No second edition was required. General critical opinion judges the poem a failure both in conception and execution. It has not been anthologised since the beginning of the century and survives only as academic property.After a summary of existing criticism, the historical and biographical background is examined and a possible motivation for the poem's appearance is suggested. This is followed by what is certainly the first in-depth study of the manuscript. Close examination contributes to our understanding of the mechanics of Browning's poetry.
The bulk of the thesis is devoted to a close reading of the poem, a disentangling of the syntax which, apart from the poem's length, seems to be the main reason for its unpopularity.
A short conclusion argues for the poem's restoration to the canon.
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Witt, Laëtitia de. "Le Prince Victor Napoléon : (1862-1926)." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040099.
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Le 4 septembre 1870, le Second Empire s'écroule à la suite de la défaite de Sedan. Le parti bonapartiste est anéanti. Quelques fiefs subsistent malgré tout, qui permettent la constitution du parti de " l'Appel au peuple " (1872). Après la mort de Napoléon III (1873), l'avènement de son fils, le prince impérial, confirme la remontée du parti bonapartiste. L'espoir est de courte durée ; il est tué au Zoulouland en juin 1879. Dans l'ordre de succession, le nouveau prétendant devrait être le prince Napoléon, unique cousin germain de l'empereur. Or, le fils de Napoléon III laisse des dispositions testamentaires contraires à la législation impériale, par lesquelles il choisit comme successeur politique le prince Victor, fils aîné du prince Napoléon. Cette décision déclenche une rupture irrémédiable entre le père et le fils et place le prince Victor à la tête du parti bonapartiste pendant une quarantaine d'années. Or, son règne politique marque le déclin définitif de la cause bonapartiste. Aussi, il apparaît comme le fossoyeur du bonapartisme en tant que force politique. En réalité, face à l'impuissance électorale du bonapartisme, le prince Victor s'impose un devoir de mémoire qui devient désormais son seul moyen de faire rayonner la gloire impériale. Avec le prince Victor, on pénètre dans l'intimité d'un héritier d'une ancienne famille régnante, condamné à l'exil. On découvre la spécificité de cette vie à part, dans laquelle se côtoient les obligations d'ordre politique et celles liées au train de vie d'usage d'un prétendant en exilOn September 4, 1870, the Second Empire collapsed following the defeat at Sedan. The Bonapartist Party was annihilated. Despite this, several bases of popular support subsisted, resulting in the creation of the party “l'Appel au people” (1872). After Napoleon III's death (1873) the advent of his son, the Prince Imperial, confirmed the resurrection of the Bonapartist Party. But their hopes were short lived; he was killed in Zululand in June, 1879. According to the order of succession, the new pretender should have been Prince Napoleon, the Emperor's only first cousin. However, Napoleon III's son defied imperial legislation in his will by selecting Prince Victor, Prince Napoleon's eldest son, as his political successor. This decision created an irreparable rupture between father and son and placed Prince Victor at the head of the Bonapartist Party for four decades. However, his political reign marked the definitive decline of the Bonapartist cause. Furthermore, in terms of Bonapartism as a political force, he seemed to many to personify the last nail in its coffin. In reality, faced with the Bonapartist movement's lack of electoral power, Prince Victor took upon himself the duty of remembrance, which soon became the sole medium through which he could revive the cult of imperial glory. By studying Prince Victor we delve into the intimate world of the heir of an old reigning family condemned to exile. We discover the peculiarities of this singular life in which he was torn between the duty of reviving his political cause, and the lifestyle of a pretender in exile
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Yuksel, Hasan Zafer. "Does Investment Horizon Matter? Disentangling the Effect of Institutional Herding on Stock Prices." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/232474.
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Existing studies document that institutional herding has a stabilizing effect on stock prices, as stock returns are positively correlated with herding over one- to three-quarter horizons. The literature also shows that short-term institutions are better informed than long-term institutions. Motivated by heterogeneity in the level of informed trading between short-term and long-term institutions, this study disentangles the herding effect of short-term and long-term institutions on stock prices. Our results show that herding by short-term institutions promotes price discovery. In contrast, herding by long-term institutions drives stock prices away from fundamentals. Taken together, our findings suggest that the stabilizing effect documented in the existing literature is mainly driven by short-term institutions, and herding by long-term institutions has a destabilizing effect on stock prices.
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Thompson, Eva M. "Mary Prince, and contexts for the History of Mary Prince, A West Indian slave, related by herself /." Connect to resource, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1260901805.
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Hauswald, Rico. "Institution Types and Institution Tokens: An Unproblematic Distinction?" Sage, 2018. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35367.
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The distinction between institution types and institution tokens plays an important role in Francesco Guala’s philosophy of institutions. In this commentary, I argue that this distinction faces a number of difficulties that are not sufficiently addressed in Understanding Institutions. In particular, I critically discuss Guala’s comparison between the taxonomy of organisms and the taxonomy of institutions, consider the semantics of institution terms on different levels in this taxonomy, and argue for an alternative solution to the problem of how to reconcile reformism and realism about institutions like marriage.
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Polito, Gabriele Maria. "Le principe de solidarité et la gestion des crises dans le secteur bancaire." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAA006/document.
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Cette thèse est destinée à démontrer l’existence d’un principe de solidarité dans le cadre de l’Union bancaire européenne (UBE). Ce travail est divisé en trois chapitres. Le premier chapitre vise à retracer les différentes nuances qui caractérisent la sémantique du mot ‘solidarité’. Le deuxième chapitre est consacré à l’évaluation des dispositions des traités qui se réfèrent à la notion de solidarité. Le troisième chapitre analyse la façon dont le principe de solidarité est développé dans l’UBE. En conclusion, la thèse tente de prouver que dans ce nouveau cadre juridique européen, la « règle » continue d’être la non-solidarité; en revanche, l’ « exception » continue d’être la solidarité, comme cela a été confirmé par les nouveaux outils, qui pourraient être déclenchées par l’autorité compétente uniquement en présence de difficultés sérieuses dans le secteur bancaireThe thesis is intended to demonstrate the existence of a principle of solidarity in the European Banking Union (EBU). This work is divided into three chapters. The first chapter aims to retraces which are the various nuances that characterize the semantics of the word ‘solidarity’. The second chapter is devoted to the assessment of the provisions of the Treaties which refer to the concept of solidarity. The third chapter analyses how it is declined the principle of solidarity in the EBU, which has introduced innovative methods to manage the resolution of the banks in distress. In conclusion, the thesis tries to prove that also in this renewed EU legal framework, the ‘rule’ continues to be the non-solidarity; by contrast, the ‘exception’ continues to be the solidarity as confirmed by the new tools, which could be activated by the competent authority only in presence of serious difficulties in the banking sector
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Guitard-Morel, Josiane. "La relation éducative au cours du XVIIIème siècle." Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOL017/document.
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Du collège d'Ancien Régime tel qu'il est reconsidéré dans le Traité des études de Charles Rollin en 1726 à l'éducation familiale consentie aux enfants d'Almane dans Adèle et Théodore (1782) de Stéphanie de Genlis en passant par l'anthropologie éducative, Émile ou de l’Éducation (1762) de Rousseau et l'institution princière du Cours d'étude (1776) selon Condillac, les écrits d'éducation du XVIIIe siècle semblent avoir réservé une part importante à la relation éducative. De fait, le rapport établi entre maître et disciple pose question dans un monde en pleine effervescence intellectuelle où l'idée de perfectibilité humaine s'empare des esprits. Le corpus établi forme un ensemble de modalités éducatives variées, oscillant entre éducation domestique et éducation publique puis entre vision idéale et représentation d’une certaine réalité dans une société qui manifeste un intérêt renouvelé pour le monde de l'enfance et de la famille. Ainsi, on cherche à comprendre la qualité et la nature du lien établi entre maître et disciple et à inscrire sa conception dans les champs des savoirs et de leur transmission. On tente avant tout d'examiner comment s'édifie la pensée pédagogique au cours du XVIIIe siècle. La réflexion, souvent conduite par des lettrés extérieurs au monde éducatif, se fonde sur des aspirations et valeurs généralement controversées, tantôt nouvelles tantôt tirant leur légitimité d'un héritage ancien christianisé. Puis est abordé le contrat éducatif du collège noué dans la relation éducative selon Charles Rollin. Le discours pédagogique du Traité des études évoque les idées de reconnaissance et d’élévation du maître dans le respect du caractère et de l'authenticité de l'élève. Se dévoile alors un lien d’âme nourri de pouvoir et d'affection, proche du concept de filiation. Suit une étude de la relation éducative dans les variables du préceptorat. Si Rousseau entend conduire Émile à l'état d'homme dans une rêverie prométhéenne où dominent l'être et la reconnaissance de l'altérité, Condillac rejette toute immédiateté éducative pour Ferdinand de Parme. Cette relation éducative, conçue au nom de l'idéal pédagogique des Lumières, pour former un prince éclairé, interdit la rencontre humaine du gouverneur et de son disciple. Enfin, follement éprise de l'idée d'éducation, Genlis met en lumière toute l'ambivalence du lien éducatif confiné au microcosme familial. Là rien n'est jamais laissé au hasard et la passion d'éduquer consume l'individu en devenir. Les différentes formes de relations éducatives qui apparaissent dans les écrits de Rollin, Rousseau, Condillac et Genlis font poindre l'idée neuve, dès le XVIIIe siècle, qu'est nécessaire une liaison particulière entre maître et élève pour que s'épanouisse toute situation d’éducation18th century writing on education seems to give an important place to the relationship between master and pupil.This is first seen in the way the Ancien Regime school is discussed in 1726 in Charles Rollin’s Traité des études, also in the educational anthropology in Rousseau’s Émile ou de l’Éducation (1762) and the royal institution in Condillac’s Cours d’étude (1776) ; and finally in the upbringing, home education Alman’s children receive in Stéphanie de Genlis’ Adèle et Théodore (1782). Indeed, the relationship between master and pupil raises several questions at this time of intellectual ferment, when minds were filled with ideas of man’s perfectibility. Our corpus brings together various educational modalities, shifting between home education and public education, and between an idealized vision and the representation of a social reality with people taking a new interest in childhood and the family. So we have striven to grasp the quality and the nature of the bond between master and pupil, and to see how knowledge is gained and transmitted in this relationship. First, we attempt to examine how educational thinking develops in the 18th century. It is often scholars who do not belong to the world of education who are involved in this thinking, which is based on generally controversial aspirations and values, some of which are new, and some of which stem from an old Christian heritage. The next aspect tackled is the way Charles Rollin sees the educational relationship in the school educational contract. The approach to education discussed in Traité des études puts forward the idea that a master gains recognition and grandeur in respecting his pupil’s authentic character. In this instance, a spiritual bond is apparent, which is nurtured by affection and power and is thus close to the concept of filiation. Then we study the educational relationship in the light of the variable forms of tutorship. Rousseau intends to lead Emile to manhood in a Promethean daydream in which the human being and the recognition of otherness are dominant. On the other hand, Condillac rejects any idea of educational immediacy for Ferdinand de Parme. For him, if a prince is to be well-educated in accordance with the educational ideal of the Enlightenment, there should be no human dimension in the encounter between master and pupil. Finally, Genlis, who is so passionate about education, brings out the ambivalence present when the educational relationship is confined within the family unit. Here, nothing happens by chance, and the passion to educate prevents the pupil from growing and becoming an individual in his own right. In the 18th century, the different forms of educational relationship found in the writings of Rollin, Rousseau, Condillac and Genlis lead to a new idea emerging : a special bond is necessary between master and pupil for an educational situation to bear fruit
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陳月玲 and Yuet-ling Eunice Chan. "Prince Zhu Su and his Jiuhuang bencao." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31207182.
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Zammit-Popescu, Cécile. "Le prince prêtre sous le Haut-Empire." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040184.
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D'Octave-Auguste à Sévère Alexandre, tous les empereurs romains assument des prêtrises de la religion nationale, avant ou après leur avènement. Ils sont membres des quatre collèges majeurs (pontificat, augurat, quindecemvirat sacris faciundis et septemvirat epulonum) et de plusieurs sodalités (culte archaïque ou impérial). Leur participation à des rites étrangers demeure exceptionnelle. Le titre de pontifex maximus, unique, est réservé au chef de l'état, premier législateur et premier sacrificateur. Il lui assure un contrôle absolu sur la vie religieuse. Ces réalités sont attestées dans les sources littéraires, épigraphiques, numismatiques et iconographiques. Ecrits, inscriptions, monnaies, statues et reliefs favorisent d'une part la diffusion du message de l'autorité et reflètent d'autre part l'opinion d'une Elite ou la pensée de dédicants. Outre la restitution de la carrière sacerdotale des personnages, leur étude permet de confirmer certains aspects fondamentaux de l'idéologie impériale, comme le cumul des pouvoirs ou l'établissement de la succession dynastique. Enfin, les prêtrises, outils politiques, constituent aussi des instruments de propagande : leur exercice est la manifestation de la piété de l'empereur, interlocuteur privilégié des dieux et garant de la sérénité de l'empire et de ses habitants.
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Zhang, Jihong, and 張繼紅. "Land prices in transitional economies." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3016865X.
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Dickson. "Institutions affecting integration between Chinese and international steel prices 1992-1996 /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ECM/09ecmd554.pdf.
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Debbasch, Roland. "Le Principe révolutionnaire d'unité et d'indivisibilité de la République essai d'histoire politique /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37604304j.
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Banning, Margaret. "Institution focused study." Thesis, Brunel University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402475.
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Wangai, Frederick Kimani. "The marriage institution." Berlin Viademica-Verl, 2009. http://d-nb.info/99421345X/04.
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Récappé, Bénédicte Seiler Daniel-Louis. "Raison, émotion, institution." S. l. : Bordeaux 4, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00344672/fr.
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Andreasson, Martina. "Le Symbolisme du Serpent dans Le Petit Prince." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för humaniora (HUM), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-17012.
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I have examined the symbolism of the snake in the popular french book The Little Prince (Le Petit Prince), written by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. The purpose with this study was to get a deeper understanding of the book by finding out what the snake represents. I have used a number of websites and several books to be able to cover the subject, which turned out to be immense. I started by finding out what kind of snake it corresponds to in reality, based on the images and informations given in the novel. I investigated the symbolism of the colour of the snake as well as the symbolism of snakes in different cultures, religions and civilizations. I also examined the fable genre, and the role of snakes in fables, since the novel belongs to this genre. The last part of my essay consists of an analysis of the author to find out why he chose a snake. My conclusion is that he chose the snake (a cobra) for its symbolic meaning of "renaissance" and that the colour is also important for the symbolism of this character.
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Leard, Jeffrey H. "Economic development in Prince Edward Island, 1969-1997." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ36490.pdf.
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Nagle, Heather Kristen. "Folic debris slides near Prince Rupert, British Columbia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ59856.pdf.
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Soheil, Kian. "Browning's player-prince : Hohenstiel-Schwangau, saviour of society." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1999. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/brownings-playerprince--hohenstielschwangau-saviour-of-society(56bb90b3-a8da-4129-8be3-51ecc5a76256).html.
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MATOS, MAURICIO GOMES DE. "THE PRINCE OF THE POETS OF HIS AGE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5428@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIORDesde 1572, com a publicação dos Lusíadas, a obra e a vida de Luís Vaz de Camões tornaram-se objeto das mais variadas formas de apropriação, como, por exemplo, a presente tese, sobretudo em sua terceira parte A Ética nos Lusíadas. Sem o propósito de verificar qualitativamente a pertinência do trabalho dos pesquisadores que, durante os últimos cinco séculos, se vêm debruçando sobre O príncipe dos poetas de seu tempo, esta tese pretende traçar a trajetória histórico- literária da presença de Camões na Literatura Portuguesa, desde o século XVI até ao XX, e, a partir do conceito de Ética enunciado pelo pensador Eduardo Lourenço, investigá- la interna e externamente.
Since 1572, after the release of Os Lusíadas, the life and work of Luís Vaz de Camões became object of many forms of appropriation; for an example the present thesis, especially in the second part A Ética nos Lusíadas. The purpose here isn t verify qualitatively the hard work of many thinkers and researchers which, throughout the last five centuries, have deeply worked over The prince of the poets of his age. This thesis wants to trace the historical and literary trajectory of the Camões presence in Portuguese Literature, from the 16th century to 20th. Based on the concept of ethics from Eduardo Lourenço, this thesis will investigate it intern and externally.
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Bolvanský, Dávid. "Lámání hesel pomocí algoritmu PRINCE v systému Fitcrack." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-433602.
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The PRINCE algorithm is a faster and more advanced version of a combination attack. Non-distributed password breaking often encounters its limits, and its applicability to real tasks decreases due to the increasing demand for computing resources of the device. The aim of this work is to design a distributed version of the the PRINCE attack as an extension of Fitcrack system, which focuses on distributed password cracking. The proposed design is implemented and integrated into the Fitcrack system. The work examines the PRINCE attack on a set of experiments, which examines the impact of various configuration options. Part of the experimental part is a comparison of the PRINCE attack with the dictionary and combination attack. The purpose of the comparison is to find cases where the PRINCE attack is better than other attacks. Finally, the integrated PRINCE attack solution in the Fitcrack system is compared with the solution implemented in the Hashtopolis system.
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Shaper, Hal. "The prince and the pauper : a musical play." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7914.
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Kowalski, Kelly Maxine. "Decriminalization of cannabis - high time to revisit Prince." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20868.
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Šíma, Petr. "Aplikace Best Practices agilních metodik do PRINCE 2." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-203875.
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This thesis is focused on Best Practices of agile methodologies, their application to the most common problems of project management and their integration into PRINCE2. The thesis will be focused mainly on the application of individual agile practices, not on the whole methodologies. This thesis will be divided into two main parts. In the first part PRINCE2 methodology basics, chosen agile methodology practices and Best Practices itself will be introduced. In the second part the most common problems of project management will be defined. Then every Best Practice will be applied to the defined problems and various aspects of PRINCE2. In the end the most usable Best Practices based on the results of research will be evaluated.
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Carter, Brett Logan. "Inside Autocracy: Political Survival and the Modern Prince." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13065026.
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Virtually all African autocrats now govern with parliaments and organize regular, multiparty elections. They have little choice. Since the end of the Cold War, Western governments have required nominally democratic institutions in exchange for aid, investment, and debt relief. With violent repression impossible to conceal from the international community, life as an autocrat has grown more difficult. Since 1989, autocrats forced to govern with nominally democratic institutions have been 80% more likely to lose power than their counterparts. Between 1986 and 2000, the number of autocracies in Africa fell from 45 to 30.
The rate of democratization has slowed, for Africa's autocrats learned to survive democratic institutions. To understand how, this dissertation focuses on the Republic of Congo, ruled by Denis Sassou Nguesso for all but five years since 1979. Using original data on the Congolese elite, their political parties, elections, and the security apparatus, this dissertation finds that Africa's autocrats confront challenges old and new with different constraints. Accordingly, they find different solutions.
Whereas autocrats once relied on single parties to prevent elite coups, they now secure compliance with social tools. By redefining the pool of candidates for the regime's critical positions, Africa's autocrats employ a "politics of hope," which induces loyalty when elites are excluded from the regime. To monitor appointees, Africa's contemporary autocrats create social institutions, in which new recruits interact with trusted aides. Autocrats supplement these with parallel governments, which force elites separated by cleavages to compete against each other. When Africa's autocrats deploy these monitoring devices effectively, they forgo arbitrary purges in favor of tenure policies that reward competence.
The international community's insistence on elections creates "focal moments," when citizens sense their shared discontent. Since they believe international attention will shield them from repression, opposition leaders mobilize unrest. This institutional landscape compels autocrats to fashion electoral alliances with opposition leaders. By joining the regime they once impugned, opposition leaders sacrifice public credibility for ministerial perquisites. Popular goodwill constitutes an insurance policy, and so Africa's autocrats commission surrogates to generate it. With repression less credible, autocrats construct their security apparatuses to threaten violence without provoking it.Government
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Hurlet, Frédéric. "Le proconsul et le prince d'Auguste à Dioclétien /." Bordeaux ; Pessac : Paris : Ausonius ; diff. de Boccard, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40943902r.
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Maxson, Brian Jeffrey. "Book Review of The Black Prince of Florence." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2679.
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Allan, Elizabeth Louise. "Trophodynamics of the benthic and hyperbenthic communities inhabiting the Sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Islands : stable isotope and fatty acid signatures." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006350.
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The aim of this study was to investigate spatial changes in the trophic and energy pathways of the benthic community in the shallow shelf waters of the sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Islands (PEI). A combination of stable isotope and fatty acid analyses were used to provide a time-integrated view of the assimilated feeding history of selected components of the PEI benthic community. This study forms part of the larger project entitled “Variability in the Southern Ocean ecosystems” and is a contribution to the South African National Antarctic Programme (SANAP). During austral autumn 2009, benthic specimens were collected from 10 stations (from depths of 70 to 295 m) in different regions around the PEI: inter-island shelf (upstream, between and downstream of the islands) and nearshore. Historical data were combined with new data collected during 2009 to assess the long-term trends in the feeding ecology of the benthos in the region of the islands. The stable isotope and fatty acid signatures of the benthic suspension- and deposit-feeding organisms generated during this study suggested that these two communities incorporated both phytoplankton and kelp in their diets. Stable isotope, and to a lesser extent fatty acid signatures, indicated that kelp contributed more to the diets of those organisms in close proximity to the kelp beds (nearshore stations) than those from the inter-island region. Overall, however, pelagic phytoplankton was the dominant food source in the diets of all organisms, even for those living near the kelp beds. Notable exceptions were the sponges and bryozoans, in which kelp and phytoplankton contributed similar proportions to their diets, most likely resulting from a size restricted feeding mode. There were, therefore, no distinct spatial differences in the importance of the various food sources. However, fatty acid compositional data indicated increased food quality between and within the lee of the islands compared to upstream. The organisms collected upstream of the PEI had substantially lower quantities of total fatty acids (TFAs) than organisms of the same species collected from nearshore, open shelf or downstream stations. The increased food quality between and within the lee of the islands was likely a result of the “island mass effect”, which reflects increased phytoplankton concentrations at the PEI. The fatty acid profiles of hyperbenthic shrimp Nauticaris marionis, a key species in the PEI ecosystem, revealed no distinct ontogenetic or spatial patterns. This result is in contrast to the stable isotope analyses, which detected both spatial and ontogenetic differences in the diet of the shrimp. Nearshore shrimp were more ₁₃C-enriched than those from the inter-island region, suggesting increased kelp entering the food web within these regions. In addition, the shrimps demonstrated enrichment in δ₁₃C and δ₁₅N signatures with an increase in size, resulting in a relatively distinct separation of size classes, thus reflecting niche separation through their diets. The fatty acid profiles revealed that the shrimp all contained large proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and essential fatty acids (EFAs), indicating that the quality of food consumed was similar among size class and region despite the niche separation and variation in carbon sources utilised. In addition, diatom and dinoflagellate fatty acids (20:5ω3 and 22:6ω3, respectively) occurred in the highest proportions in N. marionis, highlighting the importance of phytoplankton (indirectly) in their diet. These results represent strong evidence that phytoplankton is an importance food source in the PEI ecosystem. The temporal investigation of isotope signatures in the benthos at the PEI indicated that N. marionis demonstrated an overall depletion in δ₁₃C signatures over the period of 1984 to 2009 (nearshore: -2.55 ‰, inter-island: -2.32 ‰). Overall, the benthic community showed similar depletions in δ13C signatures (from -1.96 to -4.70 ‰), suggesting that shifts have occurred in the carbon signatures at the base of the food web. The depletion in δ₁₃C signatures of the benthos at the PEI most likely reflects increased contributions of smaller slow growing phytoplankton cells (more depleted signatures than large fast growing cells) in the diets of these organisms over time. These diet shifts, in turn, suggest a decrease in productivity has occurred at the islands, likely due to a decreased frequency and intensity of the “island mass effect”. Decreased phytoplankton productivity at the PEI likely results from the southward shift in the average position of the sub-Antarctic Front (SAF), most likely in response to climate change, which in turn promotes flow-through conditions rather than retention at the PEI.
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Mallory, Trista Elizabeth. "Parsing the practice critique of the institution, or institution as critique? /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
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Wu, Zheng. "Price discovery, ownership structure and portfolio diversification by investor categories." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/21008.
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This thesis contains three stand-alone studies that relate to price discovery, ownership structure and portfolio diversification by investor categories. The first study uses a data set of 77 million trades from Finland to provide new market-wide evidence on which of the two dominant investor categories, foreign institutional or domestic retail investors, contributes most to price discovery. The study finds that foreign institutional investors dominate price discovery, and that the key factor that explains foreign institutions’ information contribution is buy and sell initiated trading volume. The second study offers a global view of what attracts international institutions to invest in corporations around the world. The study finds that institutional investors have a strong preference for stocks in larger firms with higher levels of foreign business operations with greater revenue and higher leverage. Institutions invest in firms in countries with a more volatile macroeconomic environment that operate under a common law system and have tax benefits on dividends. The presence of foreign institutions enhances shareholder value, and firms have better profitability and future growth opportunities. The third study shows that Finnish individual investors hold under-diversified portfolios. In particular, female investors are less diversified than male investors. The average diversification level improves over 20 years of data. The level of under-diversification is greater among younger, low income, less educated and less sophisticated investors. The level of under-diversification is correlated with investment choices that are consistent with overconfidence. As the level of diversification increases, both male and female investors’ performance measures increase.
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Frosteby, Martin, and Silviu Iliesiu. "Does herding among Swedish institutional investors stabilize or destabilize stock prices?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-298134.
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Empirical findings on herding behavior among institutional investors suggest that those market participants speed up the price adjustment to new information and as such stabilize stock prices. Other findings indicate the opposite, that institutional herds drive stock prices away from fundamental values, and thus destabilize stock prices. This study examines the effect that Swedish institutional investors have on the stock prices on the Stockholm Stock Exchange. More precisely, we analyze the relationship of institutional herding with future excess stock returns. Major findings from this paper suggest that persistent herding among Swedish institutional investors leads to future long-term return reversals, which to some extent indicates a destabilizing influence at long horizons.
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Ruano, Lorena. "Institutions, the Common Agricultural Policy, and the European Community's enlargement to Spain, 1977-1986." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:373a1b83-4ec7-4e81-b270-898729a5bafc.
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Why did EC enlargement negotiations with Spain take so long? This thesis argues that agricultural issues dominated negotiations despite the political and strategic aims of stabilizing Western Europe's southern flank that underpinned the raison d'être of this enlargement. The framework of Historical New Institutionalism is used to argue that several 'biases' operating at three levels account for the length and nature of these negotiations. At the first level, the 'bilateral' format of the negotiation procedure between Spain and the EC favoured existing EC members and protected the acquis communautaire. The Community's negotiating positions, as bargains in themselves, tended to be inflexible, and reduced Spain's input in the discussions and in the agenda-setting process. At the EC level, the CAP exhibited an unusual capacity to withstand the changes required by enlargement. This was because the EC's decisionmaking structure was fragmented into sectors and levels which allowed a closely knit 'policy community' to run the CAP in a way that was relatively insulated from other issue-areas. Change in the CAP occurred to cope with enlargement, but in a path-dependent way, passing the cost of adaptation on to Spain. At the national level, member states' so-called national interests with regard to enlargement were mixed, with no clear priority, and conflicting sectoral views. This resulted from the mechanisms of interest intermediation and inter-departmental co-ordination, which shaped the formulation and representation of national views in Brussels. Spain's accession was finally made possible when new redistributive policies for the Mediterranean and fresh budgetary resources were agreed. These were approved as part the wider package-deals surrounding the Single Market project and the Single European Act. HNI provides a new and persuasive framework with which to understand the difficulties of institutional change associated with enlargement negotiations.
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Luo, Yan, and 罗妍. "Three essays on noise and institutional trading." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44549246.
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Wenlan, Zhang. "Essays on overlapping institutional investors along a supplier: customer relationship." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2014. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/80.
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This study consists of two essays. In the first essay, I examine whether the overlap in institutional investors between the supplier and its customer can be an efficient monitoring mechanism in the product market. Using a large sample of supplier–customer relationships for the period 1980–2011, I provide the following evidence. First, a high level of overlapping institutional ownership mitigates the adverse effect of asymmetric interdependence between supplier and customer on their firm performance. Second, relationship-specific investments and partnership duration are identified as underlying channels through which overlapping institutional ownership mitigates the adverse effect of asymmetric interdependence on partners’ performance. Third, overlapping institutional ownership is negatively associated with accounts receivable when the supplier is more financially constrained than the customer, suggesting that overlapping institutional ownership improves the efficiency of trade credit allocation. These findings survive out of a series of robustness checks. The findings of this study highlight that the overlap in institutional investors between supplier and customer plays as an efficient monitoring mechanism in the product market. In the second essay, I examine the informational role of overlapping transient institutional investors who hold stocks of both the firm and its customers in disseminating customer information to the firm’s bond market and document four findings. First, I find that overlapping transient institutional ownership significantly alleviates the prediction of lagged customer-portfolio bond returns to supplier bond returns even after controlling for the interaction effect between stock market and bond market. This finding survives out of a series of robustness checks. The alleviation effect is more pronounced for firms with high customer concentration and low customer industry competition, or with non-investment grade. Second, I find that overlapping transient institutional ownership represents more than a mere proxy for investor attention and leads to information advantage over overlapping institutional bondholders. Third, I find that current customer-portfolio return is significantly associated with the trading volume of overlapping transient institutional investors in the bond market, suggesting that overlapping transient institutional investors indeed take customer information into account when they trade bonds of suppliers. Fourth, I examine the real effect of customer information on bondholders and find that customer bond return is significantly related to the supplier’s future operating performance, which is an important predictor of credit risk. Overall, my results show that overlapping transient institutional shareholders take economically linked information into account when they trade in the bond market and improve the informativeness of bond price. Keywords: supplier–customer relationships, overlapping institutional investors, monitoring mechanism, bond price informativeness