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Journal articles on the topic 'Institution du prince'
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1
Городилин, С. В. "Ivan Repnya Obolensky: “Our Prince” or a Foreign Viceroy? To the Status of Pskov Princes in the 15 - early 16 c." Археология и история Пскова и Псковской земли, no. 33 (December 25, 2018): 65–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.25681/iaras.2018.978-5-94375-278-0.65-89.
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В статье на основании летописных и просопографических данных уточняется контекст последнего псковского князя Ивана Репни Оболенского в Пскове. Обстоятельства его княжества дали основание для аннексии Пскова Московским государством и ликвидации его республиканских органов. Кроме того, рассматриваются некоторые детали, касающиеся статуса псковских князей и роли института князя в политической системе Псковской республики. The article clarifies the context of the last Pskov prince Ivan Repnya Obolensky’s princedom in Pskov basing on annalystic and prosopographic data. Circumstances of his princedom afforded ground for annexation of Pskov by Muscovite state and deconstruction of its republican bodies. Besides that, several details concerning Pskov princes’ status and role of the institution of the prince in political system of Pskov republic are considered.
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Ahmed, Ehsan. "Wisdom and Absolute Power in Guillaume Budé’s Institution du prince." Romanic Review 96, no. 2 (March 1, 2005): 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/26885220-96.2.173.
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Litvintsev, Denis B., and Galina P. Litvintseva. "Institutional Gaslighting: How Institutions Distort our Reality." Journal of Institutional Studies 16, no. 1 (March 25, 2024): 074–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17835/2076-6297.2024.16.1.074-084.
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Prince Charles' allegations of institutional gaslighting against Buckingham Palace in 2022 sparked an extensive discussion around a phenomenon that, until this event, was considered predominantly psychological in academia. The authors of this article, relying mostly on socio-cultural and institutional approaches, also abandon the strictly psychological interpretation of gaslighting as a form of violence in favor of an interdisciplinary approach. This made it possible to identify the foundations and features of institutional gaslighting, studied by scientists in economics and management, healthcare, science and education, politics, etc. The article also reveals the tools for implementing institutional gaslighting in various spheres of social life. As a result, the authors conclude that the key feature of institutional gaslighting is the ability of the institutions themselves to change the mental environment and influence the perception of reality. This was actually ruled out, for example, by D. North, who denied institutions independent existence. In addition, the authors consider gaslighting not just as an institutional betrayal, but as a dysfunction of any institution, one of the most important functions of which is to limit and control violence in society.
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Cooper, Maxwell J., Hilary Morris, and Benjamin Whiston. "Sir Matthew Tierney and the foundation of the 1804 Sussex Vaccine Institution." Journal of Medical Biography 28, no. 2 (September 29, 2019): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967772019870443.
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Irish physician Sir Matthew John Tierney (1776–1845) was a vaccine pioneer who learnt the procedure directly from Edward Jenner in Gloucestershire. In 1802 Tierney completed an MD at Glasgow on vaccination and moved to Brighton, where he was appointed physician to the Prince of Wales (the future King George IV). This paper considers Tierney’s role in the foundation of the 1804 Sussex Vaccine Institution. Tierney was the first president of the Institution’s Medical Council. His leadership lay in his knowledge of vaccination (including transporting cowpox material) and his close relationship with the Prince of Wales. The Institution’s official name was the Royal Sussex Jennerian Society for the Extermination of the Small-pox and offered vaccination at 16 stations across the county and one in Kent. Vaccination was undertaken by local surgeons at their houses at set hours. In its first year, the Institution vaccinated 946 individuals, of whom 509 for free. Despite this, concerns were raised over uptake by poorer members of society. The Institution’s Brighton station was probably absorbed into the new 1809 dispensary. Tierney’s promotion of vaccination and instructions for new practitioners represent the embryonic beginnings of evidence-based medicine and modern medical education in Brighton.
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Grittner, Colin. "Working at the crossroads: Statute Labour, Manliness, and the Electoral Franchise on Victorian Prince Edward Island1." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 23, no. 1 (May 22, 2013): 101–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1015729ar.
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This essay considers how conceptions of manliness shaped the electoral franchise on Victorian Prince Edward Island. Soon after its institution of responsible government, Prince Edward Island shifted away from a property-based franchise to one grounded in the performance of statute labour. Instead of heralding the male property owner, this new law championed the man who used his labour to faithfully serve and improve his community. Because of limited land distribution, bourgeois ideals of manliness based upon property ownership fit the conditions of the colony poorly. A statute labour franchise better reflected the gender ideals upheld by the Island’s unpropertied majority. Like all gender ideals, these standards were not accepted across Prince Edward Island unopposed.
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Blagojevic, Milos. "Veliki knez i zemaljski knez." Zbornik radova Vizantoloskog instituta, no. 41 (2004): 293–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zrvi0441293b.
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(francuski) Depuis longtemps l'historiographie a ?tabli la pr?sence de princes (knez, pi. knezov?) sur les terres serbes m?di?vales, de sorte que les porteurs de ce titre ont fait l'objet de d?bat dans divers ouvrages. II y a d?j? un si?cle K. Jirecek a proc?d? ? une classification des princes en trois grands groupes. Celle-ci distingue : a) les princes, chefs de communaut?s valaques s'adonnant ? l'?levage; b) les princes, chefs d'agglom?rations urbaines ? de villes, voisines de lieux de march? (trg) ou de sites miniers; et c) les princes, chefs de certaines r?gions ou contr?es historiques, c.-?-d. les grands princes et les princes territorial. Ce travail s'int?resse exclusivement ? ce dernier groupe. En vertu des sources disponibles il a ?t? possible de constater que les porteurs de cette dignit? apparaissent sur les terres serbes durant la seconde moiti? du XII?me si?cle, soit qu'il s'agit des souverains de petits ?tats serbes vassaux, soit qu'il s'agit de princes territorial (princeps terrae, udeoni knez) des Etats de Serbie (Rascie) et de Bosnie. Au cours de la seconde moiti? du XIIeme si?cle les petits ?tats serbes s'?chelonnant le long du littoral adriatique tels que la Diocl?e avec Trebinje et la Terre de Hum (Humska zemlja) furent englob?s dans le cadre de la Serbie mais ne perdirent pas totalement, pour autant, leur autonomie politique en obtenant le statut de principaut? territorial (udeona knezevina). A leur t?te se trouvait un prince territorial ou un grand prince de la famille r?gnante des Nemanjic. Finalement, ce sont les ann?es cinquante du XIII?me si?cle qui firent la suppression des principaut?s territorial et de la dignit? de grand prince par le roi de Serbie Uros. Les principaut?s territorial existaient ?galement dans l'Etat bosniaque m?di?val, mais leurs caract?ristiques restent inconnues, tant en raison du manque de sources qu'en raison du d?veloppement plus faible de cette institution. Les seigneurs de principaut?s territorial jouissaient d'une autonomie politique relativement large, de sorte qu'au niveau de l'Etat ils partageaient effectivement le pouvoir avec le roi de Serbie. Ils reconnaissaient n?anmoins le pouvoir supr?me du roi, et leurs principaut?s ?taient consid?r?es comme faisant partie int?grante de l'Etat serbe. Suite ? l'extinction des principaut?s territorial en Serbie, le titre de prince (knez) n'est pas tomb? dans l'oubli pour autant. Dans les trois premi?res d?cennies du XIV?rne si?cle les rois de Serbie l'attribuaient parfois aux gouverneurs de certaines r?gions, en revanche la dignit? de prince territorial ?tait alors de plus en plus supplant?e par le titre de k?phal? g?n?ral d?j? fortement ancr? dans le pays. Apr?s le couronnement imp?rial de Stefan Dusan et l'introduction des principaux titres byzantins, de despote, s?bastocrator et c?sar, qui ?taient attribu?s aux parents de l'empereur, mais aussi ? ses gouverneurs en terres grecs, les anciens titres serbes ont retrouv? un regain de popularit? avec notamment l'attribution plus fr?quente des dignit?s de grand prince et grand joupan aux gouverneurs de l'empereur ? la t?te de terres serbes. Apr?s la mort de l'empereur Stefan Uros (1371) et la d?composition de l'Empire serbe il n'y avait plus personne pour d?cerner les titres serbes les plus ?lev?s, de sorte que ceux-ci ont rapidement disparu. Ils se sont transform?s en dignit?s port?es par certains seigneurs locaux ayant retrouv? leur ind?pendance comme cela ?tait le cas pour le prince serbe ou le grand prince Lazar. Le d?veloppement ult?rieur du titre de prince en Bosnie fut tout autre. Apr?s la suppression des princes territorial le titre de prince, mais non celui de grand prince, a ?t? attribu? ? tous les fils et descendants des princes territorial. Un tel processus contribua a cr?? une nette distinction entre le titre et la fonction, et le nombre de princes ne fit que cro?tre. Avec l'apparition de seigneurs locaux ind?pendants ce processus ne fit que gagner en intensit?, principalement en raison du lien ?troit rattachant les seigneurs locaux aux milieux dont ils ?taient issus, qu'il s'agissent de leur tribu que de leur fraternit?, de sorte que tout parent m?le d'un seigneur local recevait le titre de prince. Ce titre ?tait ?galement obtenu lors de l'anoblissement de serviteurs en raison de leurs m?rites. Malgr? cela la dignit? de prince territorial fut pr?cis?ment r?tablie par ces m?me seigneurs locaux qui l'introduisirent dans leur titulature. Ainsi l'herceg Hrvoje Vukcic s'enorgueillit jusqu'? la fin de sa vie du titre de prince des Donji Kraj(ev)i (des Contr?es Basses), et l'herceg Stefan Vukcic Kosaca de celui de prince drinski (de la Drina). Au d?but du XV?me si?cle le roi de Bosnie introduisit la dignit? de prince de Bosnie ou grand prince de Bosnie qu'il d?cerne au seigneur le plus fid?le et le plus m?ritant de Bosnie. Il s'agissait l? d'un l'?quivalent du cornes palatinus. De fait, par sa position le porteur de ce titre diff?rait nettement du prince drinski ou de celui de Donji Kraj(ev)i. .
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Arwani, Arwani. "MODEL KEPEMIMPINAN PENDIDIKAN MASA DEPAN TINJAUAN DIMENSI AGAMA, FILSAFAT, PSIKOLOGI DAN SOSIOLOGI (Studi di Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Pangeran Dharma Kusuma Segeran Indramayu)." Khulasah : Islamic Studies Journal 3, no. 1 (January 9, 2022): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.55656/kisj.v3i1.60.
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This study aims to examine the future educational leadership model with a review of the foundations of religion, philosophy, psychology and sociology. The locus of this research is the Prince Dharma Kusuma Segeran Indramayu Islamic High School. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis method. Interviews were conducted directly with informants, consisting of the Dean, Deputy Dean, Heads of the Program Study and Educational Staff and Non-Educational Personnel involved in the educational institution. The results of observations and documentation were obtained from various studies of documents, manuscripts, and archives related to the implementation of educational leadership at the Prince Dharma Kusuma Segeran Indramayu Islamic High School. The results of the study indicate that the educational leadership model for the future in the Segeran Indramayu Islamic High School after direct interviews with all parties involved in educational institutions can be explained in the discussion of this study.
Keywords: Leadership and Future Leadership Model
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Knysh, Vitalii. "GENESIS OF THE INSTITUTE OF CONSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE LEGAL SYSTEM OF KYIV RUS." Scientific and Informational Bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk University of Law Named after King Danylo Halytskyi, no. 8 (December 26, 2019): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33098/2078-6670.2019.8.20.22-29.
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Purpose. The aim of the article is to study the genesis and development of constitutional responsibility in Kyiv Rus. Methodology The methodology provides for a comprehensive study of historical and theoretical material on this issue, as well as the formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. In the course of the study, the following methods of scientific knowledge were used: historical, historical-legal, terminological, formal-logical, system-functional. Results. In the course of the study it was established that during the period of Kyiv Rus constitutional legal responsibility had the following types: 1) individual constitutional and legal responsibility, which was manifested in the responsibility of the Kyiv prince and princes for their social and political activities; 2) collegial constitutional and legal responsibility, the subjects of which were the council, the council of boyars, as well as other state bodies that existed under the Kyiv prince and princes. Scientific novelty. According to the results of the study, it was established that the institution of constitutional legal responsibility of the period of Kyiv Rus was at the stage of formation and provided for a combination of positive and negative, individual and collegial aspects of constitutional legal responsibility. Practical significance. The results of the study and historical experience of legal regulation can be used to improve the current legislation of Ukraine on constitutional responsibility.
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Koswara, Nandang, Wiwik Dyah Aryani, Lia Yulianti, Armiyanti Armiyanti, and Nova Rati Lova. "Kepemimpinan Pendidikan Masa Depan dan Kekinian Berbasis Agama, Filsafat, Psikologi dan Sosiologi;Implementasinya dalam Lembaga Pendidikan." Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kewirausahaan 11, no. 1 (January 5, 2023): 170–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.47668/pkwu.v11i1.686.
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This study aims to examine the future educational leadership model based on the perspectives of religion, philosophy, psychology, and sociology, as well as their implications in educational institutions. The locus of this research is the Prince SMPN 1 Purwakarta Jawa Barat. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis method. Interviews were conducted directly with informants, consisting of the school principal, the vice principal, and educational staffs in the educational institution. The results of observations and documentation were obtained from various studies of documents, manuscripts, and archives related to the implementation of educational leadership at SMPN 1 Purwakarta Jawa Barat. The results of the study indicate that the educational leadership model for the future in SMPN 1 Purwakarta after direct interviews with all parties involved in educational institutions can be explained in the discussion of this study
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Stelmashchuk, Halyna. "Prince Vsevolod Karmazyn-Kakovsky scientist, teacher, artist." Vìsnik Harkìvsʹkoi deržavnoi akademìi dizajnu ì mistectv 2022, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 137–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33625/visnik2022.01.137.
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The article is devoted to the creative work of the Ukrainian Diaspora scientist, teacher, historian of art, architect and graphic artist, Prince Vsevolod Karmazyn-Kakovsky (1898–1988), about whom there is very little information in Ukraine. The study emphasizes his Ukrainian roots. The publication is based on materials from the home archive of Ph.D., sculptor and artist Kristina Kishakevich-Kachaluba from Switzerland. Prince Vsevolod Karmazyn-Kakovsky studied and lived in Ukraine until 1944. In 1944 he left Ukraine for permanent residence in Romania. As a teacher he organized faculties of landscape architecture in universities in Ukraine (Odessa, Kharkiv) and Romania (Iasi). From 1978, professor lived and worked in Italy, then in France, Germany, lectured on the history of Ukrainian art, cooperated with Ukrainian research institutions in Western countries. As an artist he created and implemented the projects of health and recreational complexes on the Black Sea coast in Ukraine and Romania, which combined architecture with natural landscape, contributing to human health and longevity, and embodied the principles he established for enriching the expressiveness of landscapes. The Prince founded the Research Institute of Landscape Architecture (1921–1981), which worked in Ukraine, and then in Romania. This institution was focused on combining and harmonizing endogenous (internal) factors of human longevity with exogenous (external) factors — the synthesis of nature with art. The scientist argued that the tree crown shapes (triangular, ellipse-like, round) differently influence the mood and psychological state of a person, therefore, developed special health boxets in sanatorium complexes. This method of healing people, proposed by V. Karmazyn-Kakovsky in 1971–1981, was adopted in Czechoslovakia, Poland, France, Italy, Germany, and the United States of America. As a scientist he published more than 200 scientific works, including Monographs devoted to Ukrainian art, Lemkivska and Boykovska churches, art of Ukrainian houses, Ukrainian books. He designed his own works and covers for his books. He was skilled in the technique of pencil, sepia, watercolor, skillfully conveyed the space in the landscape, was perfect in the technique of pen and ink. The artist’s graphics is dominated by subjects closely related to his scientific works in the field of art history. Karmazyn-Kakovsky supplements almost all of his works with illustrations, headpieces, stylized folk motifs, architectural historical monuments of Romanian and Ukrainian cultures, valuable for the history of Ukrainian art, and landscape projects. V. Karmazyn-Kakovsky made more than 1200 drawings of wooden Ukrainian churches. He had personal exhibitions in Warsaw, Rome, Paris, Munich.
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Donik, Ksenia V. "Reorganization of the central maritime administration in 1827: some new aspects of the history of the reform." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 3 (2022): 754–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2022-27-3-754-767.
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The problem of reforms of the state administrative apparatus in the second half of the 1820s is studied on the example of the introduction of the ministerial system in the fleet. In Russian historiography, the transformation of the structure of the maritime administration was viewed as having occurred in their plans and projects from the Committee for the Formation of the Fleet, a special institution created by Emperor Nicholas I to solve the most critical problems of the mari-time department on December 31, 1825. However, the appointment in 1826 of General-Adjutant Prince A.S. Menshikov, who previously had no relation to the fleet in the service, “to help” the Minister of the Sea, Vice Admiral A.V. Moller nevertheless forces him to raise the question of the actual course of transformations and possible explanations for such a decision by the emperor. The purpose of the research is to study the work of Prince Menshikov on the project of the Naval Ministry. Its achievement is impossible without referring to the documents of his personal archival fund (Russian State Archive of the Fleet, f. 19), which have never been introduced into the re-search field before. At the same time, the archival collections of the funds of maritime institutions do not reflect the course of transformations that took place in the central maritime administration in 1825–1827. The conclusion is made about the actual leadership of Prince Menshikov in the re-form of naval administration. In this phenomenon, features characteristic of the bureaucratizing state apparatus of the era of Nicholas I appeared: the appointment of a representative of the mili-tary generals, as well as retinue adjutant generals to resolve the most serious issues that were under the personal control of the monarch.
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Leiberov, O. "The Collection of Y. F. Payevsky at the Münzkabinett of Prince Bezborodko Law Lyceum in Nizhyn." Literature and Culture of Polissya 106, no. 20f (December 12, 2022): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31654/2520-6966-2022-20f-106-145-160.
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The paper deals with the problems related to the processes of functioning of the Münzkabinett in Nizhyn Higher School. The focus is on the problem of filling the numismatic collection funds with new collections and individual exhibits. The object of the study is a collection of coins and medals, collected by Law Lyceum Professor J.F. Payevsky and "donated" by him to the lyceum, at the request of the management. Throughout its existence, the Münzkabinett was in the status of a non-independent institution. It had not any permanent special room, a separate staff, no funds were allocated for its maintenance. During the entire period, only one fact of allocation of funds for the purchase of new exhibits is recorded. The author concludes that during the specified period, a collection of coins and medals stored in the Münzkabinett did not play any role in the educational, educational and scientific process. However, the existence of the numismatic cabinet contributed to the prestige of the educational institution. In trying to avoid criticism from numerous officials, the Lyceum Board was to buy a private collection in order to increase numismatic exposure. The purchased collection did not solve the task and did not turn the Münzkabinett into a separate, independent research institution. The collection, which J. Payevsky collected for many years was eventually partially lost. The items of the collection were not rare, although it included a number of interesting and valuable exhibits. The existence of a separate description of this collection allows the researchers to partially reproduce its contents, to find out the time of its purchase and its fate. Payevsky himself, who did not want to donate his collection without any payment to the Lyceum Münzkabinett, was very quickly retired.
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Saint-Guillain, Guillaume, and Chris Schabel. "Discovering a Hospitaller Order in Frankish Greece: The Order of St James in the Principality of Achaia." Frankokratia 2, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 63–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25895931-12340008.
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Abstract The Hospital of St James in Andravida, a mixed house of male and female religious in the capital of the Principality of Achaia, has long been known to historians of Frankish Greece, but recent publications allow us to identify the institution as the head of an entire hospitaller order, founded by Prince Geoffrey I of Villehardouin. This helps explain Geoffrey II’s desire to incorporate St James into the military-hospitaller Teutonic Order, initiating a long struggle within and over St James that involved the papacy and that, understandably, has not been examined closely until now. The saga ended under Prince William II with the incorporation of St James into the Templar Order instead, although with the dissolution of the latter St James came into the hands of the Hospitallers. This paper tells the history of this newly discovered Order of St James from 1209/1210 until its absorption into the Templars in 1246.
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COHEN, BENJAMIN B. "The Court of Wards in a Princely State: Bank Robber or Babysitter?" Modern Asian Studies 41, no. 2 (January 18, 2007): 395–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x05002246.
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Scholarship on institutional history rarely brings the academe to a heightened state of excitement. However, when institutions cross spans of time and place while intersecting with multiple cultural identities and levels of power, things can become more captivating. An ideal institution for examination of this very process is the Court of Wards. Originally devised in Tudor England, the Court was later brought to India by members of the East India Company and put into wide use throughout the subcontinent. In India, its purpose was to shelter child heirs and their estates, eventually returning heir and estate to autonomy when ruling age was reached. However, while the Court in England and in India has received some critical review, we can extend its investigation one step further by examining its use in the ‘other India’, that of the princely states. How did this administrative unit become adopted and adapted to some of India's 560 princely states? To what degree were the Court and its administrators able to rectify an inherent tension within the Court's purpose? It was largely designed to protect child heirs and their estates, and return them in due time. But, in a princely state, in some circumstances, the ultimate ‘owner’ of any land was the chief prince. Did the Court mediate between the wishes of the ruling prince and his (or her) smaller ‘little kings?’ In short, to what extent was the Court of Wards at times a babysitter, and at other times a bank robber?
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Chalieopanyarwong, Virote, Worapat Attawettayanon, Watid Kanchanawanichkul, and Choosak Pripatnanont. "Radical Prostatectomy in High-Risk Prostate Cancer Patients: Results of a Single- Institution Study." Songklanagarind Medical Journal 36, no. 1 (March 27, 2018): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31584/smj.2018.36.1.766.
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Objective: To evaluate long-term outcomes of radical prostatectomy and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection (RP) for high-risk prostate cancer (PC).Material and Method: A retrospective review of high-risk PC patients who received RP, identified from medical records. We collected data from Songklanagarind Hospital, Prince of Songkla University from 2007 to 2015. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional regression models were used to analyze clinical recurrence (CR) and biochemical recurrence (BCR).Results: In 79 patients, the median follow-up was 27.2 months. The 3-year and 5-year biochemical free survival in men with high-risk PC were 67.7% and 62.9% respectively. Multivariate analysis shows that pathologic stage 3a (hazard ratio=4.87; 95% confidence interval=1.01-23.38) was independently associated with cancer control.Conclusion: Data support the belief that RP has a place in the treatment of high-risk PC. RP was a long-term cancer control in patients with high-risk PC. Only pathologic staging was independently associated with cancer control outcome.
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Skandera-Trombley, Laura E. "Northeast Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 110, no. 4 (September 1995): 881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900173195.
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The twenty-seventh annual NEMLA convention will be held in Montreal from 19 to 20 April 1996 at the Hotel du Parc. In the heart of vibrant Montreal, Hotel du Parc is located at the foot of Mount Royal, within walking distance of world-class galleries, museums, and concert halls, exuberant nightlife and gourmet dining on trendy Saint-Laurent and Saint-Denis Streets, and relaxed sidewalk cafes on Prince Arthur's bustling pedestrian mall. McGill University will be the host institution, and Nicole Brossard will be the Friday night keynote speaker.
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S. H., Kovalova. "LEGAL INHERITANCE IN UKRAINIAN SOCIETY IN X–XVII CENTURY." Actual problems of native jurisprudence 1, no. 1 (March 4, 2021): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/392101.
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In this article the essence of the institution of legal inheritance in the Ukrainian society of the X–XVII centuries is established. It is proposed to distinguish three stages of the development of this institution. In the X–XII centuries legal inheritance was regulated by barbaric consuetudinary law, since the XI century it was fixed in Russka Pravda. The heirs were the sons of the deceased; daughters got a share of parental property in the form of a dowry. The widow had the right to dispose of the property, but until she remarried. The property of persons who did not have sons was considered to be extortionate and was passed to the prince. Inheritance by will actually coincided with legal inheritance in terms of the circle of heirs. In the XIII – early XVI century hereditary relations were regulated by the rules of feudal law, fixed both in written law and in legal customs. The circle of legal heirs was expanded, daughters were allowed to inherit as well as sons, but all landowners were obliged to ensure military service from the estates. If there were no children, other relatives and a widow could inherit. The property of persons who had no relatives was considered extortionate and was passed to the prince. In the late XVI and XVII century the feudal law, including hereditary, was transformed into early modern. The institution of legal inheritance became more complicated and consisted of the rules of written and consuetudinary law, its formation was also influenced by legal practice. As a result, there was a certain dualism of inheritance by law: the practice was not the same for the privileged classes and the common population. Among the social elite, along with the recognition of women's inheritance rights, the restrictions on the inheritance of parental property by married women were deleted, and the inheritance rights of other relatives were expanded. The unprivileged urban and rural population in the practice of legal inheritance used archaic norms of consuetudinary law, which were formed in previous periods.
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Mykolenko, Dmytro. "How did Ferdinand I of Saxe-Coburg‑Gotha become Frenchman?" Universum Historiae et Archeologiae 2, no. 2 (October 14, 2020): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/26190217.
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The aim of the article is to reveal the image of the Prince/Tsar Ferdinand in the historiography of the Russian Empire and to identify the factors that influenced the interpretation of the activities of the Bulgarian monarch. Research methodology. The concept of “image”, which is considered as a form of representations of various aspects of life and work of the Bulgarian Prince/King Ferdinand in the works of Russian historians of the late XIX – early XX centuries, was important for achieving the goal set in the work. We can consider individual images created by different researchers as well as general one which was formed under the influence of all the above-mentioned researchers. It should be noted that the representations are subjective and do not correspond to the realities of the domestic and foreign policy of the Bulgarian monarch or partially coincide with them. Main results. The author outlined the circumstances of international situation in Europe and in the Balkans in particular, which in the last quarter of the XIX and in the first twenty years of the last century determined the assessments of the domestic and foreign policy initiatives of the Bulgarian monarch Ferdinand I Coburg made by Russian historians. Other factors that influenced the interpretations of researchers, including their political views and the affiliation to a particular state institution, are also revealed in the work. The author notes the desire of the university professorship to create more neutral images of the Bulgarian prince, in contrast to the scientists involved in political battles in the interests of certain parties. Scientific novelty. The author for the first time described the image of Ferdinand I in the historiography of the Russian Empire, and also clarified the factors that determined the assessments of the Bulgarian prince activities. The type of the article: empirical.
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Gorzelany-Nowak, Dorota. "Przypadkowa kolekcja starożytności. Muzeum Narodowew Krakowie i jego darczyńcy." Opuscula Musealia 29 (2023): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20843852.om.22.003.18097.
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The information on collectors responsible for the museum collections is dominated by those who have donated the largest number of or the most spectacular works of art. The collection of ancient art in the National Museum in Krakow (MNK) is mostly known for the museum pieces from the Princes Czartoryski Museum, which had been established by Prince Władysław Czartoryski in 1876, three years before the National Museum in Krakow was opened. It overshadows the collections of the National Museum in Krakow, which were created accidentally thanks to numerous people who, for personal reasons, often wished to donate or sell sometimes just one or several ancient items to this institution. The article aims at commemorating several people and discussing modest gifts, ones that were the basis for creating the collection of the MNK ancient art after having been collected for several dozen years. These museum pieces, although they are not the most representative ones of a given culture, are a significant testament to the development of craft that completes Władysław Czartoryski’s collection and the permanent exhibition in the MNK’s Arsenal.
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Walsby, Malcolm. "Les privilèges de l’ Institution du Prince de Guillaume Budé et l’économie du livre à Paris en 1547." Bulletin du bibliophile N° 366, no. 2 (January 2, 2017): 327–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/bubib.366.0125.
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Barakate, M., E. Maver, G. Wotherspoon, and T. Havas. "Anaesthesia for microlaryngeal and laser laryngeal surgery: impact of subglottic jet ventilation." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 124, no. 6 (January 6, 2010): 641–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215109992532.
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AbstractObjective:Over the past 20 years, jet ventilation techniques have been developed to enable safe and controlled microlaryngoscopy and the accurate treatment of laryngeal pathology. This study examined how advances in jet ventilation tube design have facilitated safe endolaryngeal surgery.Study design:The study documented the development and use of the Jockjet subglottic jet ventilation tube system at the Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney. The new system consisted of two components: a Teflon tube with an outer diameter of 4 mm at the larynx, and a companion ventilator. The facility for end-tidal carbon dioxide and distal airways pressure monitoring was incorporated via dedicated channels. The Venturi jet was produced via a covered tip to prevent trauma to the tracheal mucosa.Setting:The Prince of Wales and Sydney Children's Hospitals, incorporated with The University of New South Wales.Patients:From June 2002 to March 2008 inclusive, 1000 consecutive patients underwent microlaryngeal surgery at this institution. Subglottic jet ventilation, via the Jockjet tube, was employed for 332 patients.Main outcome measures:Anaesthetic safety and intra-operative surgical access.Results:In all the 332 patients observed, surgical access was optimised and no adverse anaesthetic outcomes were encountered.Conclusion:Subglottic jet ventilation facilitates safe airway management during microlaryngeal and laser laryngeal surgery.
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Glennon, Michael J. "Protecting the Court’s Institutional Interests: Why Not the Marbury Approach?" American Journal of International Law 81, no. 1 (January 1987): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2202140.
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A wise prince must rely on what is in his power and not on what is in the power of others.MachiavelliThe International Court of Justice in Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua confronted a dilemma that paralleled in many ways the one confronted by the United States Supreme Court in the famous 1803 case of Marbury v. Madison. Each dispute confronted a young court that had not yet established its legitimacy; each court faced a powerful, recalcitrant defendant that challenged its right to decide the case; and each therefore seemed to face two equally unpalatable choices: avoiding the case and seeming to admit defeat, or resolving it only to have the judgment ignored. Either choice seemed to entail profound damage not only for the court as an institution but also for the legal system in which it operated.
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Belyakov, A. V. "The Organization of Embassy Service in the Russian Lands in the Thirteenth through Sixteenth Centuries." Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences 92, S5 (September 2022): S419—S427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1019331622110053.
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Abstract The features in the development of embassy service in the Russian lands of the thirteenth through sixteenth centuries are analyzed. In particular, the circle of people such as the baksheis, begouls, kilicheis, tolmaches, and grand-prince service Tatars (Horde, delyuis, chislyaks) involved at various times in the organization and maintenance of contacts with the Golden Horde and the states that became its heirs is considered. It is concluded that many well-known components of diplomatic service have risen from the need to maintain constant contacts between the Russian principalities and the Horde khans. The terminology denoting the circle of persons involved in this service is borrowed from the official practice of the Horde. However, on Russian soil, their duties underwent evolution over time. The appearance of yams was also considered as a necessary element to ensure uninterrupted contacts between the khan and the Russian princes. Originally created to serve ambassadors and to transport tribute to the Horde, this institution has been modified with time. Observations of the distribution geography of yams in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries make it possible to determine the earliest embassy roads to the Horde.
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Задорнов, А. "Boundaries of Ecclesiastical Jurisdi ction in the Canonical Theory of Pope Innocent IV." Праксис, no. 2(7) (December 27, 2021): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31802/praxis.2021.7.2.007.
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В статье анализируется каноническая теория римского понтифика XIII столетия Иннокентия IV, автора посланий св. кн. Александру Невскому. Один из теоретиков общего права, активный участник конкурентной борьбы средневековых понтификов с претензиями светской власти на лишение Церкви института sui iuris и её подчинения императору папа Иннокентий IV в своих посланиях и трактатах определял те пределы цер- ковной юрисдикции, вынужденный отказ от которых на средневековом Западе привел к упадку института папства в Новое время. The article analyzes the canonical theory of the 13th century Roman pontiff Innocent IV, the author of the epistles of St. Prince Alexander Nevsky. One of the theorists of common law, an active participant in the competition of medieval pontiffs with claims of secular power to deprive the Church of the institution of sui iuris and its subordination to the emperor, Pope Innocent IV in his messages and treatises determined those limits of church jurisdiction, the forced rejection of which in the medieval West led to the decline of the institution of the papacy in modern times.
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Pesic, Andrei. "The Flighty Coquette Sings on Easter Sunday." French Historical Studies 42, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 563–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00161071-7689170.
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Abstract French colonists in Saint-Domingue brought a variety of entertainments from the metropole to the island's theaters during the later eighteenth century. This included the Parisian Concert Spirituel, which replaced theatrical entertainments with performances of religious and instrumental music during religious holidays. Yet these concerts never caught on in earnest and began to diverge significantly from the metropolitan institution: the Easter concert in Port-au-Prince entirely composed of opera arias would have been unthinkable in the metropole. Linking developments in the colony's entertainments with the understudied subject of religious practices among France's Caribbean colonists, this article argues that strong market pressures overrode weaker religious constraints in Saint-Domingue, making opera arias acceptable for Eastertide. It presents a new fine-grained approach for studying how cultural practices are transformed when traveling within an empire, with implications beyond the history of the arts. Les colons français ont importé une grande variété de divertissements de la métropole à Saint-Domingue durant la deuxième moitié du dix-huitième siècle. Le Concert spirituel de Paris, qui remplaçait les spectacles profanes pendant les fêtes religieuses, a été l'une de ces institutions. Néanmoins ces concerts n'ont jamais entièrement pris dans le contexte colonial et ont peu à peu divergé de leurs homologues métropolitains : un concert de Pâques à Port-au-Prince entièrement constitué d'airs d'opéra aurait été inimaginable dans l'Hexagone à cette époque. Liant l'histoire des divertissements coloniaux et le sujet peu étudié des pratiques religieuses des colons, cet article développe l'idée que de fortes pressions commerciales ont primé sur de faibles contraintes religieuses à Saint-Domingue, rendant des airs d'opéra acceptables au moment des fêtes de Pâques. L'analyse souligne la façon dont les pratiques culturelles évoluent lorsqu'elles voyagent au sein d'un empire colonial, tirant des implications qui vont au-delà de l'histoire des arts.
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PELEGGI, MAURIZIO. "From Buddhist Icons to National Antiquities: Cultural Nationalism and Colonial Knowledge in the Making of Thailand's History of Art." Modern Asian Studies 47, no. 5 (February 1, 2013): 1520–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x12000224.
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AbstractIn the mid 1920s Prince Damrong Rajanubhab and George Coedès jointly formulated the stylistic classification of Thailand's antiquities that was employed to reorganize the collection of the Bangkok Museum and has since acquired canonical status. The reorganization of the Bangkok Museum as a ‘national’ institution in the final years of royal absolutism responded to increasing international interest in the history and ancient art of Southeast Asia, but represented also the culmination of several decades of local antiquarian pursuits. This paper traces the origins of the art history of Thailand to the intellectual and ideological context of the turn of the twentieth century and examines its parallelism to colonial projects of knowledge that postulated a close linkage between race, ancestral territory and nationhood.
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Bloem, C., R. Gore, B. Arquilla, T. Naik, and J. Schechter. "(A96) Process Improvement in Disaster Relief: Improvement of Disaster Resource Utilization through Systematic Organization." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11000987.
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IntroductionUpon arrival of the SUNY Downstate Medical Center team for their disaster relief mission in Port au Prince, Haiti, it was observed that obstacles to patient care were directly related to difficulty in locating supplies and medications in a timely manner. In addition, staffing schedules had not been correlated to patient flow patterns.MethodsA survey was conducted at L'Hôpital de l'Université d'Etat d'Haïti (HUEH) in Port au Prince, Haiti by Emergency physicians and nurses from SUNY Downstate Medical Center. The following variables were obtained to assess existing resources: number and types of providers available, provider staffing schedules, medication/supply inventories and management systems. Basic ED operation and supply system flow maps were created.ResultsThe assessment revealed a large volume of patients presenting in the early morning. Night shifts were inconsistently staffed with ED physicians. Although medications and supplies were reported to be available on-site, they were not tracked, inventoried, or centrally managed. As a result, this increased time to treatment and practitioner fatigue. Process improvements included: (1) Institution of swing and night shifts accommodated peak patient volumes, decreased waiting times, provided care for critical patients during off-peak hours, and decreased physician fatigue. (2) Identification and labeling of existing medications/supplies facilitated more accurate management of inventories and decreased time to treatment and disposition.ConclusionProcess improvement through systematic analysis led to better disaster resource utilization in this tent hospital.
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White, Charles E. "Scharnhorst’s Mentor: Count Wilhelm zu Schaumburg-Lippe and the Origins of the Modern National Army." War in History 24, no. 3 (March 20, 2017): 258–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0968344515625372.
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Imperial count of the Holy Roman Empire and sovereign ruler Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst zu Schaumburg-Lippe (1724–1777) established in his small state of Schaumburg-Lippe the prototype of the nation in arms decades before the French levée en masse. Count Wilhelm also founded an educational institution designed to educate and train both civilian and military leaders in homeland defence. He was also the first German prince to condemn aggressive, offensive war. His most famous student was Gerhard von Scharnhorst. After Prussia’s catastrophic defeat in 1806, Scharnhorst was able to lay the foundations of a modern Prussian military along the lines of Count Wilhelm’s national army. Using primary and secondary source material, this article analyses the tremendous contribution of Count Wilhelm zu Schaumburg-Lippe to modern military history.
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Al-Hammouri, Firas, Awad B. Alkaabneh, Adnan A. Abu Qamar, Abdelhakeem S. Naemat, Ashraf S. Almajali, Ali S. Zraigat, and Muhammed A. Abdeldaem. "Iatrogenic vesicovaginal fistula repair-experience at Prince Hussein Urology and Organ Transplant Center." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 3 (February 27, 2019): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20190920.
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Background: Despite the advances in technology in urology practice, and the surgical approach in dealing with iatrogenic vesicovaginal fistula repair, the most important is to achieve continent rate with minimum morbidity.Methods: From January 2006 to December 2017, the medical records and operative notes of 52 female (mean age 37 year) who had undergone transabdominal transvesical operative repair of their vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) at this institution were reviewed retrospectively. CT urography and diagnostic cystourethroscopy were the modalities of diagnostic tools. Trans-abdominal, transvesical repair with omental flap interposition were performed within 4-6 months in all cases. Patients were evaluated at two to three weeks initially, then at three months interval and later annually.Results: In present study, the most common presentation of VVF was urine leakage through vagina. In two third of the patients the etiology was due to hysterectomy procedure, regarding the location of the fistula, 94.2% of the fistulas located high in the posterior wall of the urinary bladder (supratrigonal), with the mean size of 2.2cm (range 5-25mm). 49 patients had single fistula (94.2%). The mean operative time was 110 minutes (range 60-130 minutes) and the mean post-operative urethral catheterization was 21 days (range 17-24 days). Almost all patients were continent after a mean of five months.Conclusions: Iatrogenic VVF is one of the distressing complications of gynecological procedure; delayed transabdominal transvesical approach with omental flap interposition is associated with excellent and durable results with minor morbidity. Standardization of the technique is a key success in the outcome of the repair.
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Gołubców, Patryk. "Political realism in the thought of Niccolò Macchiavelli. Outline of the problems." Zeszyty Naukowe Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Zawodowej im. Witelona w Legnicy 3, no. 40 (September 30, 2021): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.4463.
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Political realism constitutes one of the key issues raised in the intellectual reflection of Niccolò Macchiavelli, the thinker considered to be a pioneer of political science. In one of his flagship works, The Prince, he provides guidelines in the context of effective governance, according to which the basic premise in this regard should be not “as it should be”, but “as it is”. The consequence of the aforementioned assumption is the primacy of efficiency over morality in exercising power. He considers the republic to be the optimal state system. However, in order to be able to introduce and maintain it, as well as to fulfil the most important function of the state institution, which is to ensure the internal and external security of citizens, one should follow the principle that “the end justifies the means”, as proclaimed by Macchiavelli.
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Páll-Szabo, Ferenc Daniel. "The re-establishment of the Jesuit school in Cluj in 1615." Journal of Church History 2022, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/jch.2022.1.1.
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Abstract: The Jesuits opened in 1580 their first school in Cluj and in May 1581 they received from Stephen Báthory the famous diploma in which he asserted his support for this institution and expressed a desire for it to become a university. In 1603 the Jesuits were banished from Transylvania and their return was possible only after the assassination of the unstable prince Gabriel Báthory (1613). An important role in their return to Cluj and also in the re-establishment of the Jesuit school here was played by Stephen Színi, one of the most active Hungarian Jesuits of the time. He managed to recover the village of Cluj-Mănăștur and after creating the necessary material base, the Jesuit school was reopened here in 1618. In the middle of the 17th century, 130-140 students attended this school.
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Birmingham, Peg. "Can Political Authority be Founded on a Ruse? Derrida and Lefort on Machiavelli’s Use of Political Deception." Law, Culture and the Humanities 13, no. 2 (August 1, 2016): 226–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1743872113506162.
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The institution of Hobbes’ Leviathan is marked by the transformation of cunning, equally shared by all in the state of nature, into a rational, sovereign politics. The question I take up here by way of Machiavelli and two of his contemporary readers, Derrida and Lefort, what if cunning was politicized rather than replaced by sovereign reason? In other words, what if cunning, a complex political deception, was not abandoned or given over to the sovereign? I argue that Lefort’s reading of Machiavelli, embracing as it does the central role of a shared cunning or ruse between the people and the prince, offers valuable resources for thinking the foundation of political authority for a secular democratic politics, while in contrast, Derrida’s critique of Machiavelli’s cunning illuminates why he is not able to escape a sovereign, theological foundation for political authority and the law.
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Jouanna, Jacques. "Le réseau des Asclépiéia dans la Grèce classique : médecine d’Asclépios et médecine des Asclépiades." Revue des Études Grecques 133, no. 2 (2020): 283–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/reg.2020.8654.
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Within the framework of the modern institution «International Network of the ancient Asclepieia » (ΔΙΕΘΝΕΣ ΔΙΚΤϒΟ ΑΡΧΑΙΩΝ ΑΣΚΛΗ-ΠΙΕΙΩΝ), this communication gives a global vision on what corresponds in Antiquity to the modern conception of network of the ancient sanctuaries of Asclepius, always starting from the primary literary or epigraphic documents, some of which are little known. The first part shows what is typical of the destiny of Asclepios, a prince of Tricca who became finally a healing deity and had many descendants, called the Asclepiads. The central part strives to establish genealogical stemmas between the main Asclepieia in classical Greece. The third part tries to pose the problems on the complex relations, having evolved in time, between religious medicine of the sanctuaries of Asclepius and rational medicine of the great families of physicians resulting from his two sons, Machaon and Podaleiros.
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Haidenko, O. "Research of students of the Nizhyn Historical and Philological Institute named after Prince Bezborodko (late 19th – early 20th centuries)." Literature and Culture of Polissya 105, no. 15i (December 2, 2021): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31654/2520-6966-2021-15i-105-95-103.
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The article provides an overview of the prospects for further research of students of the Nizhyn Historical and Philological Institute named after Prince Bezborodko in the late 19th – early 20th century. Nizhyn students are considered through the prism of the general imperial, which is why the main achievements of Soviet and post-Soviet historiography on this issue are highlighted. It is emphasized that so far there is no work in which attention is paid to the students of the Bezborodko Institute, their daily lives and not to teachers, the internal regulations of the institution or socio-political metamorphoses. Also today there are not many scientific works that would reveal the problems of provincial students of the Russian Empire. Taking into account these aspects, this article identifies ways of further research: social and ideal images of students, their everyday life, the specifics of studying at the Institute of History and Philology.
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Cogswell, Cindy, Scott Pauls, Adrienne Gauthier, and Erin DeSilva. "Agile and Active." Journal of Effective Teaching in Higher Education 2, no. 2 (November 25, 2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36021/jethe.v2i2.32.
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It is well documented that the use of active learning strategies increases student learning (Freeman et al., 2014; Prince, 2004; Springer, Stanne, & Donovan, 1999). A key difficulty in innovating college mathematics is identifying and sustaining what works for both students and the faculty. This study discusses efforts to innovate and sustain curricular change in introductory calculus at a private, elite institution. To examine if incorporating active learning strategies made a difference in student performance, student grades in the redesigned course and performance in subsequent courses were analyzed. Using Austin’s 2011 framework to understand the context in which the course redesign took place, individual faculty and contextual barriers and “levers” to sustain change are discussed. Findings are applicable to other STEM disciplines and to colleges and universities in general. Next steps in this research include identifying how to scale change, including, perhaps, networks of faculty to implement and spread the reform on campus.
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Karlina, Oksana. "VOLYN GYMNASIUM (KREMENETS LYCEUM) OF THE FIRST THIRD OF THE XIX CENTURY AS THE DAWN OF THE FUTURE UNIVERSITY." Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series: History, no. 1 (44) (June 27, 2021): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2523-4498.1(44).2021.232402.
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The article substantiates the opinion that Tadeusz Czacki and Hugo Kolontai, with the support of Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski, followed the policy of accomplished facts in the organization of the gymnasium in Kremenets. Since the opening of the gymnasium, they and their followers had focused their activities on establishing a future university in Volyn. The author focuses on the special status of the Volyn Gymnasium, forming its image as the most essential, well-organized institution of the region, which combined education and science. The characteristic of the teaching staff was given. It was emphasized that the teachers of Volyn Gymnasium showed interesting in creative work, had pedagogical achievements and considerable scientific works. It was underlined that the educational goal realization, which was determined when the gymnasium was founded, was provided by an excellent material base. The transformation of the gymnasium into a lyceum as an educational institution close to Vilnius University in terms of its curriculum was followed. The aristocrats’ and gentry’s perception of Volyn Lyceum as a source of knowledge and culture necessary both in everyday life and to preserve their identity was shown. The ambition of descendants of landless gentry to study in Kremenets was explained by the desire to increase their social status through education. It was noted that the Gymnasium (Lyceum) influenced the lives of Kremenets and its inhabitants, showing them specific preferences and cultural levels. It was concluded that the Russian government (realizing its political goals in the south-western provinces after the November Uprising of 1830) took advantage of the achievements of Volyn Gymnasium (Lyceum) such as good organization and high level of education provided by qualified teachers, properly equipped classrooms, a wonderful botanical garden and a rich library that corresponded to the level of the higher educational institution when opened the University of St. Volodymyr in Kyiv.
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Knysh, V. V. "Formation And Development Of Constitutional And Legal Responsibility In The Ukrainian Lands In The Lithuanian-Polish Period." Actual problems of improving of current legislation of Ukraine, no. 54 (November 30, 2020): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/apiclu.54.169-180.
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The article examines the peculiarities of the genesis and further development of constitutional and legal responsibility in the Ukrainian lands in the Lithuanian- Polish era. The author’s conviction that during the Lithuanian-Polish period in the Ukrainian lands the main administrative tendencies and sources of law of this period influenced the formation and development of the institution of constitutional and legal responsibility in the Ukrainian lands. To such features of the investigated type of responsibility, it is necessary to carry a number of features. The first of them was a combination of centralization and decentralization in the field of positive constitutional and legal responsibility and the implementation of state policy between the Grand Duke of Lithuania and local princes in the fourteenth century. In this case, the relationship between the Grand Duke and local princes were vassal. Local princes had broad autonomy in internal affairs, but, at the request of the Grand Duke, had to participate in military campaigns with his army and pay tribute. Thus, the centralizing tendencies of responsibility concerned the Grand Duke of Lithuania and were reduced to positive responsibility for the military-defence sphere and national taxes. As for the decentralization principles of responsibility, it was the sphere of local princes, which was reduced to broad internal powers in the lands under their control.
The second significant feature was the centralization of power and the growing role of constitutional and legal responsibility of the Grand Duke during the fifteenth century with a simultaneous narrowing of the powers and responsibilities of local princes. In particular, the Privilege of 1434 finally consolidated the loss of state rights of local princes and turned them into subjects of the Grand Duke.
The third feature was the redistribution of the principles of positive constitutional and legal responsibility based on caste-representative principles, the priority of collegial (collective) responsibility over individual. This was manifested in the fact that at the end of the fifteenth century. Century expanded the competence of the lords of the council, which was formed of the most influential vassals of the Grand Duke (princes, magnates, boyars, lords, including Ukrainian, church hierarchs) and acted initially as an advisory body. In particular, under the privilege of 1492, the prince decided the most important state affairs together with the gentlemen-advisers. This included issues of foreign policy, the issuance and repeal of laws, the appointment and dismissal of senior government officials, the implementation of expenditures from the state treasury, court decisions. The privilege of 1506 further strengthened the legal position of the council. Now, if the opinions of the gentlemen-advisers did not coincide with the views of the prince, the latter had to obey the council. In the absence of the Grand Duke, the council was to govern all domestic and foreign policy - with the right to declare war, inclusive. The Lithuanian Statute of 1529 recognized the Great Free Seimas as a state body. The formation of the Seimas, as a representative parliamentary body, lasted until the middle of the sixteenth century. If at first local administrators-govemors with several nobles came to the Diet, then from 1564 the nobility began to elect two representatives from the county to the Diet. The fourth feature of the period under study was the expansion of powers and constitutional liability of the Seim of the Commonwealth for legislative activities and international relations, while reducing the scope of such responsibility for the King of the Commonwealth under the Union of Lublin in 1569.
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Skomoroh, Oleg Aleksandrovich. "THE CHURCH OF THE HOLY PRINCE ALEXANDER NEVSKY IN THE ST. PETERSBURG KRESTY PRISON: 130 YEARS OF HISTORY." Penal law 17, no. 4 (December 15, 2022): 437–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33463/2687-122x.2022.17(1-4).4.437-446.
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The study is devoted to the phenomenon of prison temples in Russia on the example of the construction of a church at the St. Petersburg central solitary prison “Crosses”. The article reveals the reasons for the construction of the new prison, traces the main stages of the temple, which was not originally included in the prison project, was built on private donations and subsequently became the architectural dominant of the prison complex. A significant place in the activities of the institution was occupied by clergymen who were engaged on a regular basis in the spiritual and moral education of prisoners. Special attention is paid to the activities of prison clergy and issues of religious life of prisoners. After the Revolution of 1917, the clergy were kept in the “Crosses” as prisoners, showing an example of a Christian attitude to the events taking place in the country. Examples of historical personalities contained in the “Crosses» in the 20s - 80s of the XX century are given. The modern history of the interaction of the Church with the penal system on the example of the Pre-trial Detention Center No. 1. St. Petersburg “Crosses”, shows the variety of forms and methods of spiritual and moral work of the clergy with those under investigation and convicted, the main of which are not only religious activities, but also social, educational, sports and cultural projects.
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Păunoiu, Diana Mihaela. "ŞEZĂTOAREA CULTURALĂ, UN INSTRUMENT DE EDUCAŢIE POPULARĂ ÎN OLTENIA INTERBELICĂ." Arhivele Olteniei 37 (December 21, 2023): 171–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.59277/ao.37.12.
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The cultural gathering represented in Oltenia (and also at national level) a mean of extracurricular education, frequently used by cultural societies, associations and institutions, supported by state’s authorities, with the purpose of transmitting the complete general culture or, by case, to form a minimal culture within the ranks of the population. Starting from the idea that popular education was a concept and a pre-war solution, which in the interwar period knew qualitative changes we propose to approach the subject from two perspectives. The first treats the resurrection of the cultural movement in the first part of the Romanian interwar period and highlights the continuation of the pre-war tradition of transmitting the culture within the ranks of the population thru cultural societies and institutions. In this phase, the cultural gatherings have, in general, a similar typology in the urban or rural environment. The second perspective is focused on the analysis of village cultural gatherings in the peak period of movement of cultural houses (the 30s of the XXth century), because, in the urban area, the typology of the gatherings did not change very much compare with the previous period. On the other hand, in the rural area, the implementations of the complex strategy of modernisation of the villages thru the institution of the cultural house, conceived by Dimitrie Gusti and the Sociologic School from Bucharest and enforced into practice by the “Prince Carol” Royal Cultural Foundation, determined a typological diversity of the cultural gatherings, corresponding the specific realities and necessities of rural population. The subject is constructed through the analysis, mainly, of documentary materials from primary sources like documents from local archives and secondary source like scientific and cultural journals of the time, reports of some cultural associations etc., aiming the realisation of an overview of the cultural gathering in Oltenia.
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Morrison, A. W. "‘Otology at the crossroads’." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 102, no. 9 (September 1988): 751–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100106371.
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It is an honour for an otological surgeon to be asked to deliver the second Sir Morell MacKenzie address. Thank you for the invitation and for that honour. Exactly 100 years ago MacKenzie, with Norris Wolfenden, founded ‘The Journal of Laryngology and Rhinology’. ‘Otology’ was not added to the title until 1892, the year MacKenzie died. I shall return to this theme later. It is also exactly 100 years since, in 1887, MacKenzie was asked by Queen Victoria to examine her son-in-law, Frederick, Crown Prince of Germany. The controversy and subsequent recrimination which flowed from the management of Frederick's laryngeal lesion I shall leave to future lecturers to assess. It is as the founder of British laryngology that he should be remembered. As early as 1863 he had started the Metropolitan Free Dispensary for Diseases of the Throat and Loss of Voice, the first institution of its kind in the world. He wrote authoritatively on diseases of the throat and invented many instruments for the difficult art of indirect laryngeal and pharyngeal surgery. He received his Knighthood, also in 1887.
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Espín-Sánchez, José-Antonio. "Institutional Inertia: Persistent Inefficient Institutions in Spain." Journal of Economic History 77, no. 3 (August 21, 2017): 692–723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050717000705.
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In 1966, after more than 700 years, the irrigation community in Mula (Spain) switched from auctions to quotas to allocate water from its river. This change happened in the absence of either political or technological change. Quotas were more efficient, but required that farmers own water property rights. I develop a model in which poor farmers cannot credibly commit to purchase water rights. I show that empirical evidence on savings and prices is consistent with this interpretation. A temporary increase in output prices in the 1950s and better financial institutions allowed farmers to accumulate savings and solve the commitment problem.“There is nothing more difficult to arrange, more doubtful of success, and more dangerous to carry through, than to initiate a new order of things.”Niccolò Machiavelli,The Prince
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Sa'di, Rami, Talha Sharadgah, Ahmad Abdelraziq, and Maha Yaseen. "Future Proposals for E-Learning at Conventional Tertiary Institutions as they Move on Past the COVID Experience." Electronic Journal of e-Learning 20, no. 5 (December 2, 2022): 523–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/ejel.20.5.2565.
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As the COVID-19 pandemic was spreading rapidly throughout the world, the most widespread reaction in many countries to curtail the disease was lockdown. As a result, educational institutions had to find an alternative to face-to-face learning. The most obvious solution was e-learning. Conventional tertiary institutions with little virtual learning experience had to deal with an unprecedented challenge. This study delineates practices that can be suggested for conventional institutions of tertiary education that may be planning to acquire more e-learning experience in the post-COVID era so that they may be better prepared to move on beyond traditional classroom teaching. The qualitative research method was utilized to carry out this study. The data collected for the study comprised mainly two sources: the existing literature that tackles the issue of how tertiary institutions around the world shifted to e-learning during the pandemic, and an analysis by the researchers of COVID-related circulars that were issued by the Saudi Ministry of Education and by Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University. The review of related literature and the analysis of the circulars enabled the researchers to produce a number of suggestions aimed at improving the e-learning experience of conventional tertiary institutions. The researchers followed five steps in their literature review: (1) pinpointing search terms and then creating a search strategy and implementing it, (2) sorting the studies gathered, excluding duplicates and studies deemed irrelevant, and decreeing standards for deciding what to keep and what to rule out, (3) evaluating the studies in the light of those standards, (4) obtaining data, and (5) analysing data. This study does not recommend that conventional tertiary institutions become 100% online, but it does suggest that those institutions should make some learning content digitally accessible, build community partnerships, encourage self-study skills among students, help students change their learning style from passive to active, and revisit their e-assessment practices. This paper also stresses the importance of giving further support to teaching staff, sheds light on how institution buildings can reopen smoothly as the restrictions ease, discusses what factors influence the outcomes of e-learning, and tackles the issue of student dropouts during the pandemic. This study concludes by outlining the important notion of adopting blended learning and developing e-learning programs on an international scale.
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Yasa, I. Made Ardika, and Ida Bagus Alit Arta Wiguna. "Implementasi Merdeka Belajar Dalam Pembelajaran Anak Usia Dini Berlandaskan Tri Kaya Parisudha." Dharma Sevanam : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 1, no. 01 (June 15, 2022): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.53977/sjpkm.v1i01.556.
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Community service is one part of the tri dharma of higher education that must be carried out by a lecturer, community service this time has the theme of Development of Independent Learning as a Media for Realizing Early Childhood Learning Based on Tri Kaya Parisudha which is carried out by the Study Program Community Service Team S1 PG-PAUD at Teratai PAUD, Prince Sangupati Foundation, Leneng Village, Praya District, Central Lombok Regency with an implementation time of 5 (five) days from 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22 September 2021, through sradha bhakti coaching activities with Dharmagita, coaching Traditional Balinese dances, coaching learning strategies, coaching yoga, coaching spiritual songs with Hindu nuances, coaching memorizing mantra verse, coaching creative/modern dances, coaching health protocols and a clean and healthy lifestyle. All of the activities carried out involve the community, especially early childhood students, parents, adn young Hindus who live in the Leneng village area so later it can be expected that a synergistic relationship will occur between the community and the Gde Pudja Mataram State Hindu Institute for the realization of the Vision and Mission of the institution in general.
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Gayda, Fyodor A. "Conservatives and the Parliament: State Duma Reform Projects of 1907–1917." Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 42 (December 3, 2018): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2018-0-4-195-200.
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The article is devoted to conservative projects of reforming the State Duma, which was established in Russia in 1906. Those projects can be divided into two groups. Some projects were proposed by Russian nationalists (M.O. Menshikov, I.P. Balashov), who supported Stolypin and claimed to be one of the two main forces of the parliamentary majority. Nationalists sought to preserve the legislative powers of the Duma and stressed that the reform was supposed to strengthen parliamentarism. The projects of the nationalists proposed only partial adjustments to the parliamentary system, but still changing the Basic State Laws (in other words the coup d’état). The government did not support this path. The other projects were initiated by right-wing conservatives (L.A. Tikhomirov, K.N. Paskhalov, prince V.P. Meshchersky). Right-wing conservatives proposed turning the Duma into a legislative institution. This completely changed the political configuration and eliminated the “The Third of June” system. Both nationalist and right-wing projects were rejected by the government, albeit for different reasons: either due to their indeterminate character (nationalist projects) or due to their radicalism (right-wing projects). The ministers invariably considered the reorganization of the Duma more difficult than finding ways to cooperate with it.
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Torres del Moral, Antonio. "Cuarenta años de Monarquía parlamentaria (Balance) // Forty years of Parliamentary Monarchy." Revista de Derecho Político 1, no. 101 (April 28, 2018): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/rdp.101.2018.21950.
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Resumen:En este artículo se ofrece una balance de la monarquía española durante 40 años, desde la sucesión de Franco Bahamonde por Juan Carlos I hasta la abdicación y la sucesión de Felipe VI. Por último se hace una propuesta dereforma constitucional en doce puntos.Abstract:In this article we offer a balance of the monarchy Spanish for 40 years, since the succession of Franco Bahamonde until the abdication of Juan Carlos I and the succession of Felipe VI. Finally, a proposal for a constitutional amendement is made in twelve points.Summary:1. Introduction. 2. From the Francoist Dictatorship to the establishment of the monarchy. 3. Monarchy and demolition of the Franco regime. 4. Monarchy and Constitution: 4.1. The Monarchy after the promulgation of the Constitution. 4.2. Succession system. Oath. 4.3. Monarchy and Armed Forces. 4.4. Inviolability and International Criminal Court. 5. Monarchy and public opinion. 6. Abdication of Juan Carlos I. 7. From Crown Prince to Felipe VI: 7.1. Apprenticeship. 7.2. A monarchy renewed for a new time. 8. Catalan crisis and message right. 8. Twelve touches to the Institution: 8.1. Approach. 8.2. No need for constitutional reform. 8.3. With mandatory constitutional reform.
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Schaepelynck, Valentin. "Institutional Psychotherapy and the Institution as Strategy." Deleuze and Guattari Studies 17, no. 2 (May 2023): 183–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/dlgs.2023.0511.
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‘Institution’ as a concept has a particular resonance in the collaborative work of Deleuze and Guattari. Looking at institutional psychotherapy and the way in which it traverses the works of Deleuze and Guattari, this article will attempt to offer some ways that the concept of institution can be put to work. To do so, it will begin with two statements about institutional psychotherapy made by the psychiatrist Jean Oury: ‘Institutional psychotherapy is perhaps the putting in place of all kinds of means to struggle, each day, against all that might make the whole of the “collective” topple over towards a segregative or concentrationary structure’, and ‘The establishment is a building and a contract agreed with the State, a price per day. The institution, when it exists, is a labour, a strategy to avoid a whole load of people fermenting, like a jar of jam with a poorly closed lid.’ These statements will open the door to a deeper exploration of what an institution can do and how it was activated in Guattari’s clinical practice and in the collaborative philosophy developed with Deleuze.
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Kulkanjanapiban, Pachisa, and Tipawan Silwattananusarn. "Comparative analysis of Dimensions and Scopus bibliographic data sources: an approach to university research productivity." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 706. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i1.pp706-720.
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<p>This paper shows a significant comparison of two primary bibliographic data sources at the document level of Scopus and Dimensions. The emphasis is on the differences in their document coverage by institution level of aggregation. The main objective is to assess whether Dimensions offers at the institutional level good new possibilities for bibliometric analysis as at the global level. The results of a comparative study of the citation count profiles of articles published by faculty members of Prince of Songkla University (PSU) in Dimensions and Scopus from the year the databases first included PSU-authored papers (1970 and 1978, respectively) through the end of June 2020. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis of 19,846 articles indexed in Dimensions and 13,577 indexed in Scopus. The main finding was that the number of citations received by Dimensions was highly correlated with citation counts in Scopus. Spearman’s correlation between citation counts in Dimensions and Scopus was a high and mighty relationship. The findings mainly affect Dimensions’ possibilities as instruments for carrying out bibliometric analysis of university members’ research productivity. University researchers can use Dimensions to retrieve information, and the design policies can be used to evaluate research using <br />scientific databases.</p>
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Marinelli-König, Gertraud. "Franz Sartori: Scholar, Journalist, and Censor." Central-European Studies 2020, no. 3 (12) (2021): 269–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2619-0877.2020.3.12.
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The subject of the paper in question is Franz Sartori (1782–1832), born in Styria. His career was spectacular inasmuch as he became the head of the Censorship Police Department in Vienna. After Napoleon had retreated from Vienna, Emperor Francis II (I) and Chancellor Prince Clemens Metternich launched a revision of the institution in 1811. Sartori excelled as author of travel books and treatises with a scholarly orientation in fields such as zoology and botany as well as speleology. He was soon invited to join the editorial boards of important periodicals in Vienna. Despite his duty as censor, he continued his career as a prolific writer and researcher. This paper dwells on his last publication, a history of all the literary cultures of the Habsburg monarchy. Sartoris intention was to show that Austria had a rich multilingual literary tradition. The second volume was to cover the history of literature in German in the Habsburg lands but was not finished owing to the author’s death. For the survey of Slavic literature, Sartori borrowed from P. J. Šaf.rik’s “History of the Slavic language and literature by all vernaculars” (1826). He was accused of plagiarism; this verdict undermined the importance of the book and damaged his reputation until today.
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Norton, Lord Kings. "Extract from A Wrack Behind: Myself, when old." Aeronautical Journal 103, no. 1022 (April 1999): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000096573.
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I am not quite sure when I became old, but I think I must date it in my seventies when I retired from a variety of activities and settled into a more sedentary style of life. I retired from Dowty Rotol and Bergers (and so Hoechst UK) in 1975, from the Royal Institution in 1976, from Ricardo’s and British Printing Corporation in 1977 and sold Withers Estates, very profitably for the Withers family, in 1981. I was left with the chairmanships of two tiny companies, Land-speed and Cotswold Research. While Landspeed has not served its purpose, Cotswold Research has its place in history. Both companies are concerned with the inventions of Professor Eric Laithwaite, who demonstrated in model and prototype form tracked hovercraft powered by the linear motor. Landspeed failed to develop this, through lack of funds, to a commercially viable transport system, though the Japanese appear to have done so. Cotswold Research, however, made a success of an adaptation of the linear motors to the separation of aluminium from scrap material and for their work, which ended in profitable industrial apparatus and a big saving in manpower, Mr A.P. Bird and I received the Prince of Wales Award in 1986.
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Sereda, Olha. "THE EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF TAXATION IN THE LEGAL TRADITION OF THE PEOPLES OF EASTERN EUROPE." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 4, no. 4 (September 2018): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2018-4-4-301-305.
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The purpose of the article is to determine patterns of the creation of taxation given the centuries-long history of state-building of the peoples of Eastern Europe; to reveal the interaction of public and state elements as factors in creating a tax system. The use of dialectical, historical and legal, comparative methods allowed analysing standards, specifications and guidelines and solve a number of objectives: to find out the origin of taxes in the history of state creation; determine the laws of the origin and development of taxation in accordance with the nature of social relations; identify the factors that influenced the formation of taxation of the peoples of Eastern Europe. In the course of the study, it is found that taxation arises on the principles of self-government, social contract, and collective responsibility. Before the state creation, compulsory payments were collected from the population at the level of the communities and their associations in the form of “gifts” and “poliudie”; payment for the rituals; as well as tribute-farming. Objects of taxation were “dym” – a household with a house and a fire; “plough” – a plough or a plot of land that could be cultivated with one plough. Generally recognized for peoples and states of the early Middle Ages was the payment of tribute-indemnity. Polans, Severians, Vyatichi paid tribute to the Khazars, and in the northwest of Rus – to the Varangians, the Drevlians – to the Kievan land. The process of forming the state (princely) tax system began by Prince Oleg from the abolition of tribute-farming in favour of other peoples and the establishment of an internal single tribute in favour of the Kievan land. Depending on the relations between the lands of Rus and the prince, this tribute acquired either the form of “gift” or farming. In 947, Princess Olga conducted a tax reform and used it for the affirmation of princely possessions. Places, norms, and sizes of tribute in favour of the princely treasury are determined. The results of the study will enable the tax institution to be recognized as a dynamic, historical phenomenon, formed on the basis of a social contract and a consolidating function.