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1

Doan, Duong Van, and n/a. "Teaching advanced reading in the Institute of International Relations in Hanoi." University of Canberra. Education, 1988. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060705.101658.

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This study deals with reading problems faced by the advanced level students in the Institute of International Relations (I.I.R.) in Hanoi. It seeks to identify ways in which the teachers there can help their students to read authentic texts in English with a high level of comprehension. The study begins with a description of the training of the young diplomats and researchers. It considers the problems faced by the teachers and students, and looks into the role of English in general and English reading comprehension in particular in the I.I.R. Bearing in mind the objectives of the training, the study discusses the goals for teaching reading comprehension at an advanced level and lays emphasis on the importance of using appropriate techniques for teaching reading skills at this level. The writer of the study also looks at the relevant issues in theories of reading comprehension which are discussed in current literature. These theoretical issues are then related to the reality of teaching in the I.I.R. Finally, to illustrate all the techniques and skills for teaching reading comprehension which have been dealt with earlier in the study, the writer presents a sample reading lesson. It is his hope that the presentation, and indeed the whole study, will be of value to his colleagues at the I.I.R., and to others who teach reading in similar situations.
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2

Li, Siyuan. "China's Confucius Institute in the discourse of power in international relations : a case study of the Confucius Institute in Africa." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17728/.

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More than 30 countries in the world sponsor a Language and Culture Promotion Organisation (LCPO), disseminating their own languages, cultures and other knowledge to people of different nationalities. The Confucius Institute (CI), as one such organisation, was set up by the Chinese government in 2004. This thesis uses the example of the CIs in Africa to examine the role of the CI in a two-dimensional power analytical framework. This framework was built on the key elements of both traditional understanding of power in international relations and Foucault’s conception of power. In the first dimensional analysis, the CI is seen as a concrete entity. The material and strategic support for the construction and operation of this organistion is elaborated. The second dimensional analysis adopts a Foucauldian perspective where the CI is deconstructed. It demonstrates the CI’s power technology, including its power structure, power techniques and power instruments. By examining the power effects produced by the CI’s power technology, the thesis argues that the CI plays a positive role in promoting China’s national interest in Africa and China-Africa relations.
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3

Dolezal, Ashley Gayle. "International public relations : perceptions of the effects of language usage and culture on codes of professional standards." Scholarly Commons, 2009. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/722.

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This -study identifies how language usage and culture affect international PR practitioners in three Western cultures-- America, England and Australia. Likewise, this study examined how language usage and culture affect three major PR organizations-- PRSA in America, CIPR in England and PRIA in Australia. Content analysis and in-depth interviews were conducted with PR practitioners and members of all three PR organizations to address the following three research questions: (1) What is the impact of language usage on the ethics and professional practice of professional public relations? (2) What is the impact of culture on the ethics and professional practice of professional public relations? and (3) How does language usage and culture effect the professional practice of international organizations?
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4

Dumont, Juliette. "De la coopération intellectuelle à la diplomatie culturelle : les voies/x de l'Argentine, du Brésil et du Chili (1919-1946)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030077.

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S’inscrivant dans le champ de l’histoire des relations culturelles internationales, cette thèse analyse de manière comparatiste l’élaboration d’une diplomatie culturelle par l’Argentine, le Brésil et le Chili dans la période de l’entre-deux-guerres, en s’appuyant sur des organismes de coopération intellectuelle à vocation internationale ou régionale. Notre but est de montrer comment, à partir des toiles tissées par les différentes structures et dynamiques de la coopération intellectuelle, internationale, continentale ou latino-américaine, l’Argentine, le Brésil et le Chili ont forgé les instruments d’une diplomatie culturelle et ont bâti une certaine image d’eux-mêmes sur la scène internationale. Cette thèse vise à montrer que les initiatives argentine, brésilienne et chilienne sur le terrain de la diplomatie culturelle ne prennent corps et sens que dans la mesure où elles s’insèrent dans des dynamiques qui dépassent leurs frontières.Dans le cadre d’une étude sur la diplomatie culturelle, qui implique que le pays qui en fait usage ait une image à proposer sur la scène internationale, la question de l’identité nationale est au cœur de la réflexion. Nous nous inscrivons donc dans une perspective qui relève tout autant de l’histoire des relations internationales que de l’histoire culturelle, aux confins des débats sur l’identité nationale et sur la définition de la politique étrangère
Contributing to the field of history of international cultural relations, this thesis proposes a comparative analysis of the engagement in cultural diplomacy by Argentina, Brazil and Chile in the period between the two World Wars. This surge in cultural diplomacy relied upon organizations for intellectual cooperation, both on an international and regional level. The goal of this work is to show how, from various networks embedded in the structures and dynamics of international, continental and Latin American intellectual cooperation, Argentina, Brazil and Chile forged deliberate instruments of cultural diplomacy and constructed a certain image of themselves on the international scene. This thesis aims to show that these initiatives in cultural diplomacy could neither have happened nor acquired their importance without being part of larger dynamics transcending their own national borders. At the heart of any reflection on cultural diplomacy and its concern with projections of national images into international settings is the question of national identity. Therefore, the work takes a perspective that is as much part of history of international relations as it is cultural history, retracing the frontier of debates on national identity and the definition of foreign policy
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5

Mercedat, Ralph. "Légitimité et autonomie des principes d'UNIDROIT relatifs aux contrats du commerce international." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80942.

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This thesis analyses three issues raised by the application of the general principles of law to commercial arbitration. First, it is essential to assess the core and the substance of the general principles of law. Our first hypothesis purports that the UPICC reduces considerably the uncertainty of the general principles of law in international trade. Secondly, an analysis of the nature of the UPICC is needed, in order to determine whether they have the essential features of a transnational norm and can thus escape the application of national legal norms. We will thus analyse the existing mechanisms to assure the autonomy, of PUCCI, from national law. Thirdly, we will analyse the legitimacy of the UPICC. In doing so, we shall refer to the concept of reflexive legimitacy, a legitimacy obtained through the consensus of the merchant community. This reflexive legitimacy over the UPICC is generally admitted. Two rules within the UPICC, however, raise doubts and concerns over their acceptability in the merchants' community: the hardship and the gross disparity provisions. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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6

Thao, Nguyen Dinh, and n/a. "News broadcasts and problems for EFL learners." University of Canberra. Education, 1991. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061109.125724.

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English is the language studied by the majority of students at the Institute of International Relations in Vietnam. News broadcasts are used as teaching material since, for instance, graduates will need to monitor news broadcasts as part of their work. Students constantly encounter difficulties in listening to the news broadcasts on English-speaking radio. The purpose of this Study is therefore to identify factors which may cause problems for Vietnamese listeners to English news broadcasts. This Study presents the findings from questionnaires related to radio listening and the findings from an analysis of news extracts in English and Vietnamese. In the conclusion to the study implications for the teaching of radio broadcast listening in Vietnam are discussed.
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7

Slattery, Thomas Eamon. "Intellectual and historical roots of the Anglo-American "special relationship." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2534.

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This dissertation examines the intellectual and historical roots of the Anglo-American “Special Relationship,” most notably Anglo-Saxonism and social Darwinism, and their effect on the noted policy organs of the Royal Institute of International Affairs (or Chatham House) and the Council on Foreign Relations (or the Council). It first traces the origins of Anglo-Saxonism and considers its effect on important historical events such as the Spanish-American War and the Second Boer War. This thesis also presents a definition of Anglo-Saxonism which appreciates the complexity of the term and allows a better understanding of its effects. It then shows the memberships of both groups were strongly affected by these Victorian and Edwardian phenomena, a fact which augments our understanding of them. Furthermore, this relationship between Anglo-Saxonism and Chatham House and the Council is not fully appreciated by many modern academics. Ultimately, the language of Anglo-Saxonism developed during the Victorian and Edwardian eras became institutionalised during the formative years of these groups’ memberships, predisposing both to the importance of permanent Anglo-American cooperation.
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8

Venosa, Robert Donato. ""Freedom Will Win—If Free Men Act!": Liberal Internationalism in an Illiberal Age, 1936-1956." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1588271691660565.

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9

Moutier-Lopet, Anaïs. "Les relations entre l’Organisation Mondiale du Commerce et les autres organisations internationales." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100140/document.

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Si les fonctions principales de l’OMC sont de servir de cadre aux négociations commerciales et de faire respecter les règles commerciales multilatérales qui ont été négociées, figure parmi les nouvelles missions de l’OMC l’obligation de coopérer « (e)n vue de rendre plus cohérente l'élaboration des politiques économiques au niveau mondial ». En réalité, l’interdépendance du mandat de l’OMC avec d’autres organisations internationales est beaucoup plus large et imprègne une grande partie des accords négociés lors de l’Uruguay Round. La mondialisation a rendu encore plus nécessaire une coopération étroite entre les institutions multilatérales. Pour mettre en œuvre ce mandat sur la cohérence, l’OMC a établi un nouveau cadre général de coopération interinstitutionnelle. Et si l’OMC n’a pas vocation à devenir l’organisation internationale de la gouvernance, elle a réussi à trouver sa place dans l’archipel de la gouvernance internationale en contribuant à l’améliorer
If the main functions of the WTO are to serve as a forum for trade negotiations and enforce multilateral trade rules that have been negotiated, an important aspect of the WTO’s mandate is to cooperate with the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and other multilateral institutions to achieve greater coherence in global economic policy-making. The interconnectedness of the mandate of the WTO with other international organizations is much broader and permeates much of the agreements negotiated during the Uruguay Round. Globalization has made it even more necessary close cooperation between multilateral institutions. To implement this mandate on Coherence, the WTO has established a new framework for interinstitutional cooperation. And if the WTO is not intended to become the international organization of governance, it has managed to find its place in the archipelago of international governance in contributing to the improvement
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10

Iraci, Sandrine. "Au pied du Vésuve. Les premières années de l' Institut Français de Naples, 1919-1940." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030006.

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La présence culturelle française en Italie du sud s'est développée durant l'entre-deux guerre, sous l'ère délicate du fascisme, à travers la création et le développement de l'Institut Français de Naples. La première partie dresse le portrait de Naples : malgré sa déchéance politique, cette ville reste attractive culturellement et économiquement. Sa tradition cosmopolite est envisagée à travers les récits de voyageurs depuis le Grand Tour. Elle est dotée d'institutions locales capables de répondre aux défis lancés par un institut étranger. La description des principales communautés étrangères montre par contraste la faiblesse de l'enracinement français. La deuxième partie s'attache à décrire la création puis l'évolution de l'Institut entre 1914 et 1925. Les pouvoirs publics français considèrent sa création comme le moyen de s'assurer une zone d'influence sur les régions méridionales italiennes et en Méditerranée. Son développement est considérable, surtout en considérant l'ascension du fascisme et la menace de la "dictature légale". Le charisme des professeurs, l'intérêt croissant des services officiels français et les motivations inhérentes à la nature même du fascisme méridional sont des facteurs favorables à ce succès. La troisième partie se penche sur le développement paradoxal de l'Institut, menacé par un fascisme triomphant et radicalisé. Il apparaît comme une institution inadaptée face aux exigences d'un nouvel équilibre mondial et à la précarité des relations politiques franco-italiennes. Malgré la réorganisation des Instituts d'Italie en 1938, l'établissement,démuni, subit une lente agonie avant d'être séquestré par les autorités en 1940
French cultural presence in Southern Italy grew during the in-between wars period, against the tricky backdrop of fascism, through the birth and development of the French Cultural Institute in Naples. The Opening part of this work is about Naples, a city which, in spite of political decline, remained culturally and economically attractive, while its ever cosmopolitan tradition is best depicted borrowing the words of travelers who visited the region, starting with the Great Tour. Local institutions live up to challenges set by the foreign institute. Closer scrutiny of the main foreign communities however, reveals how shallow-rooted France is, over there. The second part focuses on the creation and evolution of the Institute between 1914 and 1925. The French government sees it as way of starting an area of influence in the Southern Italian regions and across the Mediterranean. The Institute develops at quite an impressive pace, especially considering the contemporaneous rise of fascism and the threat of a "legal dictatorship". Charismatic professors, a increasing interest of the French officials and the very motivations of fascism in the South contributed to its success. In the third part, we shall see how paradoxical the development of the Institute is. An institution faced with an all conquering radicalized Fascism, unfit to meet the needs of a new world order and the poor relation between France and Italy. Despite the 1983 reshaping of all Institutes in Italy, the one in Naples is literally slowly dying ans will end up hostage of the Italian government in 1940
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11

Voelkner, Nadine Miriam Tita. "Human security assemblages in global politics : the materiality and instability of biopolitical governmentality in Thailand and Vietnam." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/39585/.

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This thesis investigates the implications of human security on global politics. While it adopts a Foucauldian analytics of governmentality and biopolitics, the thesis differs from biopolitical accounts of human security. These accounts tend to reduce human security to a coherent, totalizing, and inadvertently successful mode of governance, deemphasizing its situatedness and instability. In contrast, by complementing the Foucauldian approach to the study of human security with a Deleuzian lens of machinic assemblage in which materiality is particularly emphasized, the thesis argues that the governmental logic of human security gives rise to a multiplicity of open-ended vernacular assemblages and associated orders of governance. Though these assemblages are particular, messy, contingent systems which vacillate, undermine themselves, clash and hybridize with surrounding assemblages, this does not render them ineffective. When the object of analysis is the global, a focus on the materiality of events helps to explore how the global is localized. A focus on materiality opens up the opportunity to explore how the local materializes. This interplay between localizations and materializations disrupts the logics that underlie governmental processes. In this way, the thesis demonstrates how the intransigence of life constantly escapes and readjusts the biopolitical imperative. Empirically, the thesis traces the way human security materializes as a situated governmental strategy in emerging assemblages for managing pathogenic and illicit circulations relating to global migrant communities in Thailand and Vietnam. It shows the way the intricate and productive as well as destructive interplay of human and nonhuman elements inherent to the assemblages helped to constitute two vernacular orders of human security and associated political subjectivities.
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12

Åström, Angie. "Svensk offentlig diplomati i förändring : En fallstudie om Svenska institutet." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-17315.

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The Swedish Institute is a public agency promoting Swedish interest, national image and confidence around the world. This work attempts to investigate how communication and a process over time influences and effects public diplomacy. The analytic discussion is based on a single case study research of this Institute representing ideas in the international science field of public diplomacy. The theoretical ideas of public diplomacy are placed in a theoretical perspective of social constructivism. The method is qualitative, with excerpts taken from interviews, literature, newspapers, articles, state public reports and social media. The work adopts a discourse analytic approach, aiming to uncover the structure of public diplomacy by using three analytic tools: soft power, nation branding and cultural diplomacy. The presented analysis and examples suggest a close collaboration between researchers and practitioners can lead to a coherent theory of public diplomacy. The result identifies promising directions as well as weakness and gaps in existing knowledge. The work promotes an analytic tool “korstryck” for theorize and conceptualize the discussion of public diplomacy. A strategy of today requires three fundamental components: power, diplomacy and communication. The challenge in public diplomacy is the balance between public opinion, public foreign policy and global networks of communication. The paper aims to open doors for further scientific works are needed in the searching for a theory of public diplomacy.
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13

Jain, Romi. "China's Soft Power Aims in South Asia: Experiences of Nepalese Students in China's Internationalization of Higher Education." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1523103230854755.

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14

Nguyen, Anh Thu. "La diplomatie culturelle du Vietnam : instrument au service de l'intégration internationale." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE3015.

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Comblant un fossé dans les études relatives à la diplomatie culturelle des pays émergents, cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une analyse quantitative et qualitative de la diplomatie culturelle vietnamienne. Celle-ci est une partie intégrante de la politique étrangère en vue d’assurer une intégration internationale du pays et ce, au service du développement socio-économique. L’objectif primordial de cette stratégie, reconnue comme l’un des trois piliers de la diplomatie vietnamienne avec l’économie et le politique, est de présenter le Vietnam dans le monde entier afin d’attirer les investissements. Dans ce sens, elle constitue un outil de « marketing » pour le pays. L’histoire séculaire contre les invasions étrangères, une détermination de préservation de l’identité culturelle ainsi que la nature du régime politique sont à l’origine des particularités de cette stratégie qui articule diplomatie du parti communiste, du gouvernement et du peuple. L’élément étatique est indispensable dans la formulation de cette politique. L’observation des pratiques ainsi que le résultat de notre évaluation montre que cette diplomatie se concentre sur les activités évènementielles au détriment des projets structurels (éducation et information). Sa mise en œuvre constitue un défi pour le gouvernement, en raison d’une absence de véritable mécanisme de coordination d’une part, mais aussi d’une conception de la « culture » attachée à l’idéologie d’autre part. L’UNESCO est le partenaire principal du Vietnam car l’inscription au patrimoine mondial de sites ou de pratiques nationaux demeure l’un des sujets phare de cette diplomatie, contribuant à l’essor du tourisme. La Francophonie, elle, a des compétences spécifiques en particulier dans la diversité culturelle mais le Vietnam n’en a pas encore bénéficié. Si l’UNESCO est un forum où le Vietnam pourrait se présenter dans la communauté internationale, l’OIF, avec le dossier économique et la promotion du français, servirait de lieu pour promouvoir une recherche d’influence dans la région d’Asie du Sud-Est
Filling a gap in studies on cultural diplomacy of the emerging countries, this thesis constitutes of a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the Vietnamese cultural diplomacy. This is an integral part of foreign policy in order to ensure international integration of the country and also for socio-economic development. The primary objective of this strategy, recognized as one of the three pillars of Vietnamese diplomacy with economy and politics, is to present Vietnam to the worldwide in order to attract investment. Thus, it is a “marketing” tool for the country. The secular history against foreign invasions, a determination to preserve the cultural identity and the nature of the political regime are the specific features of this strategy, articulating diplomacies of the Communist party, the government and the Vietnamese people. The element “state” is essential in the formulation of this policy. The observation of practices and the results of our evaluation show that this diplomacy focuses on event activities while seconding structural project (education and information). Its implementation is a challenge for the government, due to a lack of effective coordination on the one hand, but also a concept of “culture” attached to the ideology on the other. UNESCO is the main partner of Vietnam because inclusion in the World Heritage sites remains one of the major subjects of the Vietnamese cultural diplomacy, contributing to the development of tourism. La Francophonie has its specific expertise especially in cultural diversity but Vietnam has not benefited from that yet. If UNESCO is a forum where Vietnam could arise in the international community, OIF, with the economic issue and the promotion of French, would serve as a place to promote influence of Vietnam in the South-East Asia
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Botsch, Gideon Steinbach Peter. ""Politische Wissenschaft" im Zweiten Weltkrieg : die "Deutschen Auslandswissenschaften" im Einsatz 1940 - 1945 /." Paderborn [u.a.] : Schöningh, 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/479241074.pdf.

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Smith, Thomas W. "History and international relations /." London : Routledge, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37737463v.

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Almekrad, Fahed Hamad. "Islam and International Relations." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504404.

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This thesis deals mainly with the role of Islam in international relations, which is based on the Qur'an (the revealed book) and the Sunnah (prophetic tradition). The study has used the analytical approach and the interdisciplinary approach to examine and investigate Islamic international relations theories in an attempt to demonstrate that they offer a practical alternative to resolve crises in international relations. This thesis highlights the Islamic alternative in dealing with the major issues in the world today, namely peace, security, balance of power, and co-operation among nations. The thesis, therefore, outlines certain concepts and themes which examine and explore the actual and potential relevance of Islamic law (Shariah) in relation to these issues. The main findings of the thesis include that Islam can indeed play a positive role in the field of international relations and that peace is the role and war the exception in most of the theories of Islamic international relations based on the Qur'an and the Sunnah. Also, the Islamic theory of international relations provides a valuable framework of general application for international order. The concept of community (Ummah( is the most important factor which defines the function of the Islamic state.
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Edelman, Ross David. "Cyberattacks in international relations." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e1d71a7a-7680-4f97-b98d-a41a4b484fda.

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New methods of conflict and coercion can prompt tectonic shifts in the international system, reconfiguring power, institutions, and norms of state behavior. Cyberattacks, coercive acts that disrupt or destroy the digital infrastructure on which states increasingly rely, have the potential to be such a tool — but only if put into practice. This study examines which forces in the international system might restrain state use of cyberattacks, even when they are militarily advantageous. To do so I place this novel technology in the context of existing international regimes, employing an analogical approach that identifies the salient aspects of cyberattacks, and compares them to prior weapons and tactics that share those attributes. Specifically, this study considers three possible restraints on state behavior: rationalist deterrence, the jus ad bellum regime governing the resort to force, and incompatibility with the jus in bello canon of law defining just conduct in war. First, I demonstrate that cyberattacks frustrate conventional deterrence models, and invite, instead, a novel form of proto-competition I call ‘structural deterrence.’ Recognizing that states have not yet grounded their sweeping claims about the acceptability of cyberattacks in any formal analysis, I consider evidence from other prohibited uses of force or types of weaponry to defining whether cyberattacks are ‘legal’ in peacetime or ‘usable’ in wartime. Whereas previous studies of cyberattacks have focused primarily on policy guidance for a single state or limited analysis of the letter of international law, this study explicitly relates international law to state decision-making and precedent. It draws together previously disparate literature across strategic studies, international law, and diplomatic history to offer conclusions applicable beyond any single technology, and of increasing importance as states’ dependence on technology grows.
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Kottová, Kristýna. "Výtvarné umění jako nástroj české kulturní diplomacie." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201961.

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For centuries, art has played an important role as a tool of cultural diplomacy and even now represents an integral part of foreign cultural policy of different countries. Modern and contemporary fine art often reflects the current social and political issues, at both national and international levels. This thesis aims to prove that art, as a means of expression, has its place in international relations, in the context of cultural diplomacy. The intention of this thesis is to explore the many ways that fine art is applied as an instrument of cultural diplomacy and how the use of visual arts contributes to positive relations between nations and to the process of building a positive image of the state abroad. In the context of Czech cultural-diplomatic practice, the art and its employment is analysed on two levels - historical, that examines the use of art in the process of building the Czechoslovak state, and institutional, that introduces both state and private actors, who contribute greatly to the cultural diplomacy of the Czech Republic via the promotion of Czech fine arts. The final chapter focuses on the environment of New York as a world cultural and art center, and engages in representative Czech projects, activities, organizations and individuals who are successful advocates of Czech visual arts in the international context. The main contribution of this thesis is its aim to address an uncommonly debated topic - a specific area of artistic creation, its role and position in international relations and cultural diplomacy of the Czech Republic.
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Kinnwall, Adam. "The Differentiation of a Nation : The Swedish Nation Brand Management." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-339554.

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This paper aims to highlight how the recent developments in international relations has created a environment with increased competition between countries for attention and assets and how these changes has promoted the increased use of public diplomacy  to reach out to new actors. The study will focus on the public diplomacy sub-discipline of nation branding.  The paper will analyze reputation management in international relations through the lens of corporate branding. This approach will help bridge the gap between marketing and international relations and expand the analytical toolkit for public diplomacy. While many studies have focused on branding campaigns this study will focus on the brand management to see whether it is capable of creating distinction and relevance for a nation brand or national reputation.     The paper aims to give an descriptive analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats the Swedish reputation management faces in order to assess how the management can improve but also provide an analytical framework for researchers interested in studying reputation management. The paper will employ a qualitative method consisting of text analysis and interviews to connect the theoretical models with business practice to then present the results using a SWOT-analysis. The data gathered from the Swedish Institute serves to provide empirical data on the business conduct in relation to brand management and several indexes will be used to assess the Swedish brand. Results show that the Swedish nation brand management have adopted a wide range of methods to strengthen the distinctiveness and relevance for the Swedish brand and that the weaknesses are mostly connected to communication failures. The brand management has also good opportunities to further project a strong image of Sweden and the threats towards it are only marginal. The brand management should continue its current work while developing new methods and solutions to overcome the communication problems towards certain target groups. While the study have made contributions to understand how reputation management could be analyzed through corporate brand management, further research should look into whether a nation brand or reputation has been used as a power asset that is capable of actually acquiring global assets.
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Dhillon, Nancy. "Morgenthauian realism and international relations." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ59715.pdf.

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Bacon, Paul. "Liberalism, community and international relations." Thesis, University of Kent, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298098.

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Dedrick, John Robert. "Gramsci and International Relations Theory." W&M ScholarWorks, 1988. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625465.

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Savage, Michael. "Sovereignty and international relations theory." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14460.

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Čepilová, Barbora. "Failed States in International Relations." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-18244.

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The aim of the work Failed States in International Relations is the examination of this phenomenon regarding the terminological discrepancy, causes of the state fragility, security and social aspects and the various attitudes from the side of the international communities. A special part is dealing with so called "successfully failed states" where despite the obvious non-functioning the state is able to survive due to the revenues from the natural resources. The ?ndings are represented on the case study of the Democratic Republic of the Congo - a country with huge potential but miserable performance by now.
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Hameed, Imran Boonyong Keiwkarnka. "Human relations among nurses at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad /." Abstract, 2004. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2547/cd363/4637984.pdf.

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27

Bhagat, Rahul N. "Indo-U.S Relations." W&M ScholarWorks, 1988. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625468.

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28

Dumitrascu, Radu. "Corporate-adaptation in international public relations." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3156.

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Thesis (M.A.)--George Mason University, 2008.
Vita: p. 72. Thesis director: Tim Gibson. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Communication. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 18, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-71). Also issued in print.
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29

Stumpf, Christoph Martin Adam. "Hugo Grotius' theology of international relations." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423338.

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30

Heath, Amelia. "Reconsidering E.H.Carr and International Relations Theory." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.519464.

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31

Wheatley, Ricardo. "African international relations: A metafunctional approach." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2011. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/254.

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This study examines the descriptive utility of a meta-theoretical approach over the traditionally applied general theory approach to African International Relations. It argues in favor of the meta-theoretical approach commonly employed in US foreign policy studies as yielding greater explanatory capacity to describing the behavior and relations of the African state than traditional approaches based on a single primary determinant. It suggests that a multiple primary determinant approach to assessing African state behavior and relations grants greater theoretical and empirical parallels to state and system structure and behavior than analysis based on a single determinant. This study builds a meta-theory of International Relations (metafunctionalism) by which to assess African state behavior and relations utilizing the most commonly applied and descriptive conventional and non-conventional theories within the discipline. Metafunctionalism combines multiple theoretical approaches while negating the contradictions between them that would limit their relative explanatory capacity. It employs the theories of functionalism, evolution, realism, liberalism, neomarxism(international class theory). The presentation of a metafunctional model of African International Relations will provide an alternative lens by which to view African state behavior and relations and address the fundamental problems of “description” and “consensus” within African political discourse.
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Jaggard, Lyn Denise. "Germany's international relations of climate change." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420403.

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33

Fekete, Florian. "Civil-military relations : enhancing international security." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Mar%5FFekete.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in International Security and Civil-Military Relations)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2003.
Thesis advisor(s): Donald Abenheim, Karen Guttieri. Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-70). Also available online.
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34

Maslo, Ron. "The Armenian Diaspora Influencing International Relations." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43342.

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This thesis explores the Armenian diaspora’s behavior concerning the issue of recognition of the Armenian genocide through lobbying within the US and EU. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to grasp a deepened understanding of diasporic lobbying, while focusing on the Armenian case, as a case enabling further scholarly deepening for the field of IR. In order to achieve an understanding of the Armenian diaspora, the appropriated behavior through lobbying and the trajectorial changes concerning the recognition of the Armenian genocide, the paper puts forward historical process tracing, comparative research and qualitative content analysis. These methods are utilized as a means for tracing the events contributing to the construction of the diaspora. They also establish the lobby’s influence on ‘host-states’ and the understanding of internalized norms granting policy changes for the cause of recognizing the Armenian genocide, this is done through the concepts of identity, norms and recognition.
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35

Kvašňák, Daniel. "Reflection of "otherness" in international relations." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264255.

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The current migration crisis has put significant strain on the European Union and its member states. Immigration has always been a contentious issue in societies, most often facing significant opposition. By drawing on postmodern theories of international relations and Discourse Theory, this paper analyses how immigration is being increasingly securitized by the European Union and its member states along with what makes securitization the hegemonic discourse. This is done primarily with reference to identity construction through the framing of the Other, in this case the migrant, as an unwanted and externalized element. Furthermore, the paper details how the framing of the migrant as a threat to the internal security of a country strenghtend identity politics across Europe. Finally, using the Brexit campaign in the UK, the paper analyzes how the rise in identity politics in turn raises the possibility of a successful fusion of the anti-immigration discourse with the anti-EU discourse through the exploiting of societal unease.
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36

Renard, Isabelle. "Présence culturelle de la France en Italie : l'Institut français de Florence, 1900-1920." Grenoble 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE29012.

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Isabelle renard affronte l'histoire des relations culturelles internationales. Sa recherche concerne, en effet, la presence culturelle de la france en italie durant les vingt premieres annees de ce siecle, etudiee a travers la naissance et le developpement de l'institut francais de florence, annexe de l'universite de grenoble. Une premiere partie est consacree a la tradition cosmopolite et culturelle de florence au tournant du siecle. Elle met en perspective les enjeux que represente la ville italienne pour la communaute d'immigrants aises qui y est installee. La comparaison avec les deux principales "colonies", anglaise et allemande, permet de mieux souligner la faiblesse de l'enracinement francais. On comprend des lors l'opportunite de l'action stimulante promue par l'institut et par son fondateur, julien luchaire, a florence. Cette institution va ainsi prendre sa part dans le jeu des influences culturelles etrangeres qui rivalisent sur la scene florentine. La seconde partie analyse la fondation et le developpement initial de l'institut et met en lumiere l'interet croissant des pouvoirs publics francais pour cette initiative. Apres avoir identifie les acteurs de cette experience pionniere, l'auteur decele l'emergence d'une strategie culturelle de l'institut orientee vers l'intensification des rapports culturels et diplomatiques entre la france et l'italie. Dans cette ample perspective la these met en relief la naissance de reseaux de relations europeennes autour de l'institut, envisage ainsi dans son role de mediateur. Enfin la troisieme partie reconstruit le changement intervenu dans les orientations de l'institut face a la premiere guerre mondiale. Est alors posee la question du glissement de l'action culturelle vers la propagande politique. Le bilan semble donc positif puisque le prototype est erige en modele. L'iff, premier du genre, sert de paradigme aux futurs instituts culturels crees non seulement en italie mais egalement dans le monde entier
Isabelle renard examines an aspect of the history of international cultural relations, specifically the french cultural presence in italy, during the first twenty years of the twentieth century, by studying the creation and development of the french institute of florence, a branch of the university of grenoble. Renard devotes the first part of her thesis to florentine culture, in its cosmopolitan context, at the turn of the century. She puts into perspective the importance the italian city had for a well-to-do community of foreigners who had settled there. She shows that the french community and its influence was not as well rooted there as that of the english and german "colonies. " to counteract this weakness, julien luchaire, the founder of the french institute, seized the opportunity to use the institute to play an important role among the foreign cultural influences competing on the florentine stage. In the second part of the thesis, renard describes the establishment of the institute, the people most responsible for its creation, and its initial development. She particularly emphasizes the growing interest of the french government in the enterprise and shows how the institute's cultural strategy became directed toward strengthening cultural and diplomatic relations between france and italy. In a wider context, she brings to life an entire panorama of european relations operating around the institute, in which the institute assumed the role of a mediator. The final part of the thesis shows how the first world war altered the mission of the institute by gradually substituting political propaganda for purely cultural activities. Overall, renard's assessment of the french institute of florence is positive. It became a prototype, a model for other cultural institutes, established not only in italy but throughout the entire world
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37

Almeida, Fernando Manuel Simoes de. "Formacao : vector estrategico para o desenvolvimento economico de um pais ou territorio." Thesis, University of Macau, 1996. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636851.

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38

Tekelioglu, Ahmet Selim. "International Relations Theory And The International Relations Of The Middle East: A State Of The Field Study." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610244/index.pdf.

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ABSTRACT INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THEORY AND THE INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAST: A STATE OF THE FIELD STUDY Tekelioglu, Ahmet Selim M.Sc., Department of International Relations Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Meliha AltuniSik January 2009, 82 pages This thesis analyzes the level of interaction between International Relations theories and the literature on the international relations of the Middle East. The disciplines- area studies controversy is analyzed in a way to account for the low level of cooperation between International Relations as an academic discipline and Middle East studies. The thesis looks into the literature in order to demonstrate to what extent developments in International Relations theories informed the study of the international relations of the Middle East. The thesis emphasizes the need for a normative/ critical aprroach in order to overcome the bridge beween these fields caused by epistemological and methodological as well as by the political economy of scholarship informed by ideological rivalries.
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39

Ehata, Rebecca. "Migrant belonging in international relations : tracing the reflection of international relations' autochthonous foundations in British housing discourse." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/migrant-belonging-in-international-relations-tracing-the-reflection-of-international-relations-autochthonous-foundations-in-british-housing-discourse(5b2a1e18-2aca-4135-a4aa-9c17455489c5).html.

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Why is International Relations (IR) silent on the issue of belonging? Conventional IR appears to be prevented from engaging with the concept of belonging by the inside-outside ontology on which it draws and its assumption of a foundational difference between inside and outside, which are understood to be neatly separated and mutually exclusive. Since belonging describes the relationship between individuals and the community and community is restricted to the inside sphere, it is beyond conventional IR’s remit. In its silence and relegation of belonging to the inside, however, we see the traces of what amounts to an implicit discourse of belonging. The concept of autochthony appears to offer a mirror-image reflection of conventional IR’s assumptions about belonging. Autochthony discourse also sees belonging as strictly limited to the community located on the inside of the binary, and here too the demarcation of inside from outside is considered to be foundational. As such, autochthony seems to provide a credible approximation of what IR’s implicit discourse of belonging might look like, if made explicit. The migrant represents a dislocatory figure for both of these accounts of belonging and the inside-outside ontology on which they are grounded. Where does she belong in an inside-outside configuration of the social? Moreover, as a marker of the outside but located on the inside, she contradicts the idea that the two spheres are separate and exclusive. Using British housing discourse as an example of an active discourse of autochthony, this thesis explores the puzzle of how migrants and the questions which they raise about the location of belonging are dealt with in an inside-outside discourse. The thesis generates three key findings which have relevance for conventional IR theorising. Firstly, the account of belonging which autochthony discourse produces is partial, impoverished and highly exclusionary. In this account, migrants represent the ultimate outsider. Secondly, the analysis demonstrates the impossibility of finalising the separation of inside from outside. Attempts to differentiate between the two require ongoing political interventions, which refutes the notion of foundational difference. Finally, in the absence of a foundational difference between inside and outside, IR needs to engage with the concept of belonging, since its continued silence seems to endorse an autochthonous discourse and the exclusionary politics of belonging which that entails.
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40

Chen, Lih-torng. "Taiwan's international status." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319663.

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41

Ikosa, Morna Magnaem. "The selected perceptions of public relations practitioners about the Public Relations Institute of Southern Africa (PRISA) Namibia." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1429.

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Dissertation Submitted in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the M-tech in Public Relations Management Department of Public Relations Management Faculty of Informatics and Design 2013
This study aims to investigate the selected perceptions of Public Relations Practitioners about the Public Relations Institute of Southern Africa (PRISA) Namibia, in order to recommend to PRISA Namibia ways they can attract membership and gain support and recognition from PR practitioners. This research was conducted through in-depth interviews. The participants in this study were divided into three groups, namely, the members, nonmembers and the Chairperson (current and previous) of PRISA Namibia. A total of 10 participants were interviewed. The results of the study indicate that PR practitioners in Namibia know relatively little about PRISA Namibia activities in Namibia. Most of the Participants are frustrated with PRISA Namibia’s lack of visibility and accessibility. However, most members acknowledged that PRISA Namibia had, in the past, added immense value to their Public Relations (PR) careers. The recommendations of the study include: PRISA Namibia organising conferences or workshops on ethics; PRISA Namibia publishing an ethics booklet that can be used by PR students and professionals to illustrate how practitioners can practically adhere to PRISA code of ethics on a day to day basis; and PRISA Namibia creating social media pages on platforms such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube.
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42

Potter, Philip Barton Key. "Soft interdependence and international conflict." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1970606971&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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43

Thiuri, Phillippa. "International Student Satisfaction with Student Services at the Rochester Institute of Technology." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2369.

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Thesis advisor: Philip Altbach
While there is a significant body of literature concerned with the experience of international student acclimatization to life and study on campuses all over the United States, very little of this research examines their self-reported satisfaction with student services. This study examines what services are important to international students and what is their experience? This is a study of international students at the Rochester Institute of Technology in Western New York and their satisfaction with programs and activities provided to welcome, serve, retain and involve international students in mutual intercultural learning with Americans. The study results reveal that services related to academics provide the most satisfaction and meet the expectations of the international students surveyed. The study further revealed that the services registering the lowest satisfaction were: (1) Student Financial Services; (2) Housing Operations; (3) Co-operative Education Placement; (4) Dining Services; and (5) Transportation Services. The findings also reveal that female international students reported the highest satisfaction and the lowest dissatisfaction
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Educational Administration and Higher Education
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44

Klykova, Ekaterina. "Security in International Relations: International cooperation to prevent non-states threats." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-197216.

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Thesis is focusing on the analysis of the situation in Syria in the period since 2011 till present times. First part will present main theoretical thoughts on the international security such as Realist school, Liberalist school, Human and Collective security concepts and the most modern theoretical school of security- Copenhagen school. That was done in case to have a clear notion of the international security development and to chose the one theory which will reflect the best the situation in Syria. In the practical part I analyzing the actions and inter actions of the main international security actors, such as United Nations plus important actors in the region of the Middle East -- Arab League, and of course Syrian government and opposition. Also I will try to apply Copenhagen school of Security on the Syrian situation and to find out if that theory is good or not for that kind of analysis. After browsing actions taken by actors and opposition in the conclusion I found out that nowadays international security system cannot be called very successful and that Copenhagen school of Security its good explanatory theory but it pretty useless in case of conflict resolution.
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45

Lee, Jyung-yi. "Self and other relations in international relations : the case of Taiwan." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.502168.

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This thesis aims to bring poststructuralist discourse theory to both International Relations (lR) and the study of national identity in Taiwan. The unification/independence problematique in Taiwan is conceptualised as two responses to the ordering of the modern political world. As such, while identity formation and contestation take place mostly at the domestic level, they nevertheless involve an international dimension, as the sense of Self that any political community assumes only has its meaning in the presence of the Other. To study the dynamics of identity construction, this thesis takes Laclau and Mouffe's discourse theory (1985) as the framework, as it provides strong explanatory powers and valuable implications to the worldwide problem of identity and difference, of which the Taiwan case is one example. This thesis takes 'democracy', 'history- culture', and 'economic development' as three case studies. The exercise of democracy has generated a sense of Self amongst Taiwan people, but it also makes possible social relations to be reorganised in a dichotomised way, rendering the relationship between unification and independence one of enmity. In the cultural domain, the belief of China as an ancient, continuous and homogeneous cultural entity, a view first generated in China's encounter with the West in the modem era and then promoted by the nationalist government (the KMT), constitutes 'Chinese/ness' as a major source of cultural representation, and hinders alternative discourse(s). In the economic domain, Taiwan's economic achievements have made 'development' a way of self-labelling and an incontestable quest. This provides the unification discourse an external reason for integrating with China, and constraints the independence one to argue otherwise but to resort to ideas of security and autonomy. Finally, it is argued that the binary logic of unification and independence is an instance of undecidability, which calls for making ethico-political judgements that are always provisional.
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46

Fang, Yuanyuan. "Balance of Power in Regional Institutional Framework: Reassessment of the China-U.S.-Japan Trilateral Relationship." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3386.

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Relations among China, the United States, and Japan constitute some of the most complicated and dynamic relations in the contemporary era. Since the end of the second half of the twentieth century, all three nations, which were not in favor of regional multilateralism, have changed their strategy and have actively engaged in regional Asia-Pacific institutions. This research attempts to integrate realist discourse on the balance of power and liberal analysis of institutions to look at the China–U.S.–Japan interactions within regional institutions. This study explores why China, the United States, and Japan have increased their cooperative interaction in regional institutions in the Asia-Pacific region, despite having divergent interests and different visions of the future regional power structure. By searching and analyzing archives documenting China–U.S.–Japan regional policies and policies directed at regional institutions and observing in detail China– U.S.–Japan interactions within Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), this dissertation argues that institutional balancing provides a framework that helps identify countries’ overlooked intention to check and balance targeted powers in regional institutions. Regional institutions not only provide an opportunity for participant countries to discover and address common interests but also provide an opportunity for participant countries to lobby for their own interests and to balance the gains and influences of the other powers. This dissertation explores conditions under which institutional balancing is an optimal choice for countries and notes key methods: controlling membership; shaping institutional norms, rules, and mechanisms; and pursuing balanced alliances that have been practiced by China, the United States, and Japan in regional institutions in the Asia-Pacific region.
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47

Roldao, Teresa Estrela. "A intervencao do estado na economia." Thesis, University of Macau, 1996. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636860.

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48

Junström, Simon. "Boendemiljö i nationens skyltfönster : Internationell orientering i Svenska institutets material om stadsbyggnad 1945-1976." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-102049.

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This thesis scrutinises the material on post World War II Swedish architecture produced by the Swedish Public diplomacy organisation "Svenska institutet" ("The Swedish Institute") during the period of 1945 through 1976. The outset is the dilemma encountered by every such organisation: how can the projected narrative of the own nation relate to as many countries as possible, without becoming too general? And how can the organisation address specific countries, without excluding others? By employing a two-sided model of interpreting the material, where it on the one hand is interpreted from the universal properties projected on the narrated architecture, and on the other hand from the particular ideological notions related to the same, the thesis suggests that the Swedish Institute continously relates the architecture to a West-European and American context by consistently connecting its universal properties to particular ideological notions orientated towards the West. The results underline the malleability in regard to ideological notions connected to modernist architecture. Earlier research in the Swedish context has focussed on how modernist architecture in Sweden, under the local tag "funktionalism", was established in regard to a Swedish audience as a particular Swedish architecture by relating it to a alleged continuos Swedish tradition, as well as to notions of a a progressive welfare state. By studying a similar material, though aimed towards a foreign audience, the thesis suggests that these allegations constitue an elucidatory example of how national and ideological narratives can form within the framework of technological-ideological dynamics of modernist architecture. Furthermore, it argues that the potential of this form of ideological particularisation can be regarded a universal charactersistic inherent in modernistic architecture.
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49

Sezenler, Olcay. "Religion In International Relations And Interfaith Dialogue." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611683/index.pdf.

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Religion was regarded as a marginal factor by scholars of International Relations for a long time. The main reason for this ignorance is that the discipline of International Relations has followed the major paradigm - secularization thesis - in social sciences until recently. This resulted in ignorance of religion as an explanatory factor in International Relations. However, this situation has recently started to change. Beginning from 1990s, the role of religion in international relations has started to be reexamined
and secularization theory has started to be criticized. On the other hand, religion has started to be regarded as a tool for peacebuilding, at the same time. In addition to its contribution to conflicts and wars, religion is increasingly seen as a potential tool for peaceful cooperation
and inter-religious dialogue is becoming a part of diplomacy and conflict resolution policies. Within this context, interfaith dialogue is a case which shows the extent of the change in the discipline of IR regarding the role of religion. This thesis aims to make a comprehensive discussion on the historical and contemporary relation between religion and international relations by focusing on the role of interfaith dialogue, specifically dialogue initiatives within the EU and the UN. The dialogue projects of these institutions and their relation with security-driven policies are examined. Thus, the main concern of this study is to raise a question about the role of interfaith dialogue, especially the one proposed by the institutions above, in transforming the role of religion in international relations.
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50

Gokmen, Semra Rana. "Geopolitics And The Study Of International Relations." Phd thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612289/index.pdf.

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This study seeks to examine the main theories and theorists of geopolitical imagining and argue for an intrinsic relation between traditional geopolitics and the development of international relations both in theory and practice. By doing so the study aims to pursue an assessment of the insights of critical geopolitics, as reflected in the works of John Agnew, Geraró
id Ó
Tuathail (Gerard Toal), Simon Dalby, Klaus Dodds and others, for the theory of IR, more specifically its dominant paradigm realism. The aim of this study, in other words, is to identify and describe the geopolitical assumptions that have led IR theory to turn out to be &bdquo
realist
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