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Journal articles on the topic 'Instantaneous Angular Speed'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Li, Yuhua, Fengshou Gu, Georgina Harris, Andrew Ball, Nick Bennett, and Ken Travis. "The measurement of instantaneous angular speed." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 19, no. 4 (July 2005): 786–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2004.04.003.

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2

Rémond, D., J. Antoni, and R. B. Randall. "Instantaneous Angular Speed (IAS) processing and related angular applications." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 45, no. 1 (March 2014): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2013.10.015.

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3

Khadraoui, Souha, Fabrice Bolaers, Olivier Cousinard, and Jean Paul Dron. "Low speed lifting cable diagnosis using instantaneous angular speed." Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 35, no. 5 (April 20, 2021): 1821–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12206-021-0402-x.

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4

Yousef Ben Sasi, Ahmed, Fengshou Gu, Bradley Payne, and Andrew Ball. "Instantaneous angular speed monitoring of electric motors." Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering 10, no. 2 (June 2004): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13552510410539196.

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5

Xie, Jingsong, Jinglong Chen, Yizhen Peng, and Yanyang Zi. "A New Concept of Instantaneous Whirling Speed for Cracked Rotor’s Axis Orbit." Applied Sciences 9, no. 19 (October 2, 2019): 4120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9194120.

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At present, the axis orbit (whirling) and the instantaneous angular speed (spinning) are important symptoms in the condition monitoring of rotor systems. However, because of the lack of research of the transient characteristics of axis orbit within a whirl cycle, the axis orbit cannot reflect the instantaneous characteristics of the rotation during one whirling cycle like the instantaneous angular speed. Therefore, in this paper, a new concept of instantaneous whirling speed of axis orbit within a whirling cycle is proposed and defined. In addition, the transient characteristics of instantaneous whirling speed are studied. Meanwhile, the response mechanisms are qualitative analyzed through the study of the work of the additional stiffness excitation and the conversion relationship between the kinetic energy and the potential energy. Then, the minimum of the relative instantaneous whirling speed (RWS) is proposed as a potential monitoring index for crack severity. The instantaneous whirling speed is a new attribute of axis orbit and a new perspective for the vibration analysis of cracked rotors. The addition of this new attribute significantly increases the effect of axis orbit for distinguishing normal and cracked rotors. The new analysis perspective and the new diagnosis index are potential supplements for crack diagnosis.

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6

Popovic, Slobodan, and Miroljub Tomic. "Possibilities to identify engine combustion model parameters by analysis of the instantaneous crankshaft angular speed." Thermal Science 18, no. 1 (2014): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci120907006p.

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In this paper, novel method for obtaining information about combustion process in individual cylinders of a multi-cylinder Spark Ignition Engine based on instantaneous crankshaft angular velocity is presented. The method is based on robust box constrained Levenberg-Marquardt minimization of nonlinear Least Squares given for measured and simulated instantaneous crankshaft angular speed which is determined from the solution of the engine dynamics torque balance equation. Combination of in-house developed comprehensive Zero-Dimensional Two-Zone SI engine combustion model and analytical friction loss model in angular domain have been applied to provide sensitivity and error analysis regarding Wiebe combustion model parameters, heat transfer coefficient and compression ratio. The analysis is employed to evaluate the basic starting assumption and possibility to provide reliable combustion analysis based on instantaneous engine crankshaft angular speed.

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7

Bonnardot, Frédéric, Khalid Lizoul, Saad Errafik, Hugo André, and François Guillet. "High frequency demodulation technique for instantaneous angular speed estimation." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 159 (October 2021): 107745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2021.107745.

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8

Moustafa, W., O. Cousinard, F. Bolaers, K. Sghir, and JP Dron. "Low speed bearings fault detection and size estimation using instantaneous angular speed." Journal of Vibration and Control 22, no. 15 (November 27, 2014): 3413–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546314560600.

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9

Renaudin, L., F. Bonnardot, O. Musy, J. B. Doray, and D. Rémond. "Natural roller bearing fault detection by angular measurement of true instantaneous angular speed." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 24, no. 7 (October 2010): 1998–2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2010.05.005.

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10

Dereszewski, Mirosław, and Adam Charchalis. "MODEL BASED PREDICTION OF THE CRANKSHAFT INSTANTANEOUS ANGULAR SPEED FLUCTUATIONS." Journal of KONES. Powertrain and Transport 20, no. 1 (January 25, 2013): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/12314005.1135314.

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11

Gubran, Ahmed A., and Jyoti K. Sinha. "Shaft instantaneous angular speed for blade vibration in rotating machine." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 44, no. 1-2 (February 2014): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2013.02.005.

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12

Rémond, D., J. Antoni, and R. B. Randall. "Editorial for the special issue on Instantaneous Angular Speed (IAS) processing and angular applications." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 44, no. 1-2 (February 2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2013.11.006.

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13

Hu, Yi, Rui Ping Zhou, and Jian Guo Yang. "Research on the Fault Diagnosis Technology of Diesel Engine Based on the Instantaneous Speed." Key Engineering Materials 413-414 (June 2009): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.413-414.547.

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The instantaneous speed signals of diesel contain lots of information about machine states, which is useful for fault diagnosis of diesel engine. Mixed fault diagnosis method of diesel engine based on the instantaneous speed has been proposed, which combines with the lower order angular vibration amplitude and SOM neural network to diagnose the cylinder pressure fault, then extracts three feature parameters of instantaneous speed to locate the fault cylinder. The method can detect the cylinder pressure fault accurately in diesel engine and locate the fault cylinder. The experimental confirmation shows that it has good effect on fault diagnosis of diesel engine.

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14

Liu, Jia-Min, Li-Chen Gu, and Bao-Long Geng. "A practical signal processing approach for fault detection of axial piston pumps using instantaneous angular speed." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 234, no. 19 (April 11, 2020): 3935–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406220917704.

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The axial piston pump is a core component for power output conversion in the hydraulic system. Monitoring pump status and diagnosing faults in an optimal way are of profound significance for ensuring system reliability. Currently, considerable studies concentrate primarily on the development of vibration-monitoring technologies. However, due to strong fluid shock and noise, vibration analysis has low signal-to-noise ratio and difficulty in fault location. Therefore, an approach of instantaneous angular speed-based fault detection is introduced in this paper since it has the advantages of short transfer path and non-intrusive measurement. Instantaneous angular speed (IAS) is obtained by cross-period linear interpolation (CLI) algorithm for the voltage square wave induced by a magneto-electric tachometer transducer. Compared with the elapsed time method, CLI has the capacity to precisely capture the speed fluctuation. Weighted angle synchronous averaging (WASA) is then utilized to realize the extraction of abnormal wave components in IAS as a vital signal preprocessing method. Instantaneous angular speed fluctuation (IASF) characteristics of the angular domain are analyzed to study the fault diagnosis under varying working conditions. Moreover, it is proven that after processing, the fault features are extracted in the order spectrum where the deterministic shaft order and its harmonics corresponding to wear characteristics are displayed clearly. Experimental results indicate that IAS has demonstrated more effective and sensitive than vibration signals, thus providing a promising tool for the health monitoring of a pump.

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15

Bi, Xiaobo, Jiansheng Lin, Fengrong Bi, Xiaoyang Bi, Youxi Wu, Xiao Yang, and Teng Ma. "Outliers Identification From Instantaneous Angular Speed Signal Generated by Zebra Tapes." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 157374–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2928598.

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16

Du, Jia Xi, Hong Shen, Su Fang Fu, and Xin Ning. "Control System Modeling for Automotive Brake Test-Bench Based on Discrete Closed-Loop and Phase-Locked Loop." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 2184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.2184.

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According to the law of rigid body around fixed axis rotation, established the mathematical model of motor drive current and instantaneous rotational speed. From the ideal situation of the simulation, according to the same discrete interval of time equal to the same increment of spindle angular velocity conditions, established the discrete closed-loop control system model. In allusion to the disadvantage of calculating corresponding braking current by the instantaneous speed and the instantaneous braking torque measured during the last interval, proposed the control method of calculating braking current by the instantaneous speed and the instantaneous braking torque measured all discrete intervals before current time. Discussed emphatically the computer controlled method based on the discrete closed-loop and phase-locked loop theory which can be used to design the braking current. Evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of the model, and proposed the improved direction.

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17

Cheng, Wei Dong, Robert X. Gao, Jin Jiang Wang, Tian Yang Wang, Wei Gang Wen, and Jian Yong Li. "The Error Caused by Order Analysis for Rolling Bearing Fault Signal." Advanced Materials Research 819 (September 2013): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.819.254.

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Defect diagnosis of rolling element bearings operating under time-varying rotational speeds entails order tracking and analysis techniques that convert a vibration signal from the time domain to the angle domain to eliminate the effect of speed variations. When a signal is resampled at a constant angular increment, the amount of data padded into each data segment will vary, depending on the rate of change in the rotational speeds. This leads to changes in the distance between the adjacent impulse peaks, and consequently, the result of order analysis. This paper presents a quantitative analysis of key factors affecting the accuracy of order analysis on rolling element bearings under variable speeds. An analytical model is established and simulated. The effects of speed variation, instantaneous speed, angular interval between impulses, and the rising time of impulse are specified. It is concluded that the results of order analysis will be smaller as the rotational speed increases, and becomes larger when the speed decreases. Furthermore, the error is larger under low speeds than high speed.

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18

Filipi, Z. S., and D. N. Assanis. "A Nonlinear, Transient, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine Simulation for Predictions of Instantaneous Engine Speed and Torque." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 123, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): 951–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1365122.

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A non-linear, transient, single-cylinder diesel engine simulation has been developed for predictions of instantaneous engine speed and torque. The foundation of our model is a physically based, thermodynamic, steady-state diesel engine simulation (Assanis, D. N., and Heywood, J. B., 1986, “Development and Use of a Computer Simulation of the Turbocompounded Diesel System for Engine Performance and Component Heat Transfer Studies,” SAE Paper 860329), which has been comprehensively validated for various engine designs. The transient extension of the parent model represents the diesel engine as a non-linear, dynamic system. The instantaneous crank-shaft speed is determined from the solution of the engine-external load dynamics equation, where the engine torque is tracked on a crank-angle basis. Validation of the transient model during rapid engine acceleration shows that both the cyclic fluctuations in the instantaneous crank-shaft speed line and the overall engine response are in good agreement with experimental measurements. Predictions of single-cylinder engine starting reveals the importance of selecting the proper value of the engine moment of inertia in order to control the amplitude of angular velocity fluctuations and ensure stable engine operation. It is further shown that the variation in the inertial forces on the reciprocating components with speed has a dramatic impact on the instantaneous torque profile, and consequently on angular velocity fluctuations.

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19

Charchalis, Adam, and Mirosław Dereszewski. "Processing of Instantaneous Angular Speed Signal for Detection of a Diesel Engine Failure." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/659243.

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Continuous monitoring of diesel engine performance under its operating is critical for the prediction of malfunction development and subsequently functional failure detection. Analysis of instantaneous angular speed (IAS) of the crankshaft is considered as one of the nonintrusive and effective methods of the detection of combustion quality deterioration. In this paper results of experimental verification of fuel system's malfunction detecting, using optical encoder for IAS recording are presented. The implemented method relies on the comparison of measurement results, recorded under healthy and faulty conditions of the engine. Elaborated dynamic model of angular speed variations enables us to build templates of engine behavior. Recorded during experiment, values of cylinder pressure were taken for the approximation of pressure basic waveform. The main task of data processing is smoothing the raw angular speed signal. The noise is due to sensor mount vibrations, signal emitter machining, engine body vibrations, and crankshaft torsional vibrations. Smoothing of the measurement data was carried out by the implementation of the Savitzky-Golay filter. Measured signal after smoothing was compared with the model of IAS run.

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20

Dereszewski, Mirosław. "MONITORING OF TORSIONAL VIBRATION OF A CRANKSHAFT BY INSTANTANEOUS ANGULAR SPEED OBSERVATIONS." Journal of KONES. Powertrain and Transport 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/12314005.1213528.

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21

Roy, Sankar K., and Amiya R. Mohanty. "In-cylinder combustion detection based on logarithmic instantaneous angular successive speed ratio." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1240 (July 2019): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1240/1/012047.

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22

Braut, Sanjin, Roberto Žigulić, Ante Skoblar, and Goranka Štimac Rončević. "Fault detection based on instantaneous angular speed measurement and variational mode decomposition." MATEC Web of Conferences 211 (2018): 18006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821118006.

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Rotating machinery encounter throughout their lifetime various problems. Among them, a rotor-stator rubbing problem is one of the most common. This paper proposes a procedure, which applies the instantaneous angular speed (IAS) measurement as a starting step for rotor-stator partial rub detection. There are various approaches regarding counting techniques and processing of signal. In this paper, an application of analog signals from toothed wheel encoder or zebra tape encoder is considered at low to moderate sampling rates. As the rubbing process is nonlinear, this paper is proposing a variational mode decomposition (VMD) as the second step of the detection procedure. The VMD is relatively new method with promising results especially interesting for machinery fault detection. Detection tool is tested on laboratory test rig at two different rotor operating conditions i.e. without rotor-stator rubbing and with light partial rotor-stator rub. Measurements were performed with non-contact eddy current displacement sensors pointed to toothed wheel encoder. Results are presented in the shape of rotor orbits, IAS signals, FFT spectra of IAS signals and VMD spectrograms. Developed fault detection procedure based on IAS measurement and VMD decomposition was successfully tested on laboratory test rig for no rubbing and light rotor to stator partial rub condition.

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23

Li, Bing, Xining Zhang, and Jili Wu. "New procedure for gear fault detection and diagnosis using instantaneous angular speed." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 85 (February 2017): 415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2016.08.036.

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24

Gomez, Jose L., Adeline Bourdon, Hugo André, and Didier Rémond. "Modelling deep groove ball bearing localized defects inducing instantaneous angular speed variations." Tribology International 98 (June 2016): 270–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2016.02.032.

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25

Stander, C. J., and P. S. Heyns. "Instantaneous angular speed monitoring of gearboxes under non-cyclic stationary load conditions." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 19, no. 4 (July 2005): 817–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2004.10.006.

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26

YANG, JIANGUO, LIJUN PU, ZHIHUA WANG, YICHEN ZHOU, and XINPING YAN. "FAULT DETECTION IN A DIESEL ENGINE BY ANALYSING THE INSTANTANEOUS ANGULAR SPEED." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 15, no. 3 (May 2001): 549–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/mssp.2000.1344.

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27

Li, Zhixiong, Xinping Yan, Chengqing Yuan, and Zhongxiao Peng. "Intelligent fault diagnosis method for marine diesel engines using instantaneous angular speed." Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 26, no. 8 (August 2012): 2413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12206-012-0621-2.

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28

Dereszewski, Mirosław, and Grzegorz Sikora. "Diagnostics of the Internal Combustion Engines Operation by Measurement of Crankshaft Instantaneous Angular Speed." Journal of KONBiN 49, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2019-0087.

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Abstract Diagnostics based on measuring of crankshaft instantaneous rotational speed allows precise location of damage to the injection system and detection of external disturbances. Active measurement of instantaneous rotational speed requires use of equipment with high sensitivity, permanent assembly at the ends of the crankshaft and the analysis of a very large amount of data. Presented method can be used for measurement of torsional vibration of crankshaft, indirectly through simultaneous measurement of the width of the pulses generated by the encoder disks. Momentary, relative displacement of both disks determines the angle of temporary crankshaft twisting. This paper presents first results of pulse width measurement, obtained by using described system.

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29

Rivola, Alessandro, and Marco Troncossi. "Zebra tape identification for the instantaneous angular speed computation and angular resampling of motorbike valve train measurements." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 44, no. 1-2 (February 2014): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2012.11.009.

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30

Drewing, Sebastian, Norbert Abramczyk, and Daria Żuk. "Analysis of changes in the angular velocity of the crankshaft of the marine engine for diagnosing the wear and location the failure of the fuel injection system." Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mme-2021-0010.

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Abstract The combustion process can be simply described as periodic explosions in a cylinder with its frequency dependent on the number of cylinders and the rotational speed of the shaft. In practice, uniformity of combustion parameters in every cylinder is almost impossible. Due to this fact, instantaneous angular acceleration does not remain the same at the ends of the crankshaft. These observations formed the basis for the investigation of the instantaneous angular speed of the crankshaft ends. To investigate the influence of the failure behavior of the fuel systems during a shaft's rotational movement, a series of experiments were planned. For the simulations, a medium-speed marine engine driving electro generator was selected. The failure simulation was based on the installation of clogged spray holes, draining of part of fuel dose from high-pressure pump and decreasing of injection pressure by a lower tension of the injector spring. The results of measurement were processed and analyzed through a comparison of the fast Fourier transform spectra. As a general conclusion, a difference between general harmonics order of magnitudes was detected.

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31

Soong, Ren Chung. "The Novel Adjustable Mechanisms for Exact Multi-Path Generation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 983–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.983.

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A design method of the novel adjustable mechanisms is presented for exact multi-path generation. A novel adjustable mechanism with minimal structure error corresponding to required exact paths and with a rotational input link and a linear input link is proposed also. The derivations of instantaneous displacement of the linear input link corresponding to angular displacement of the rotational input link are proposed as well. The required exact paths can be generated by varying the instantaneous displacement of linear input link while rotational input link rotates with a constant angular speed in a cycle. The design procedure of this proposed method is presented either. The examples are provided to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of this proposed method.

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32

Cheng, Jia-Hong, Cheng-Rung Li, and Ching-Yao Chen. "Motion synchronicity of a micro-magnetic-particle chain in a rotating field." AIP Advances 12, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 035222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/9.0000292.

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A magnetic chain consisted of micro-sized beads in a rotating magnetic field is experimented to observe its motion synchronicity with the external field. If the field frequency is sufficiently high, reverse motion occurs to slow down the average angular speed, so that the chain rotates much slower than the external field. A square field configuration, in which the instantaneous strength and angular speed vary with time within every rotating period, is proposed to improve the chaining stability and the motion synchronicity while a same overall frequency with the conventionally used circular field configuration is preserved.

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33

Peeters, Cédric, Jérôme Antoni, Quentin Leclère, Timothy Verstraeten, and Jan Helsen. "Multi-harmonic phase demodulation method for instantaneous angular speed estimation using harmonic weighting." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 167 (March 2022): 108533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2021.108533.

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34

Wang, Yi, Baoping Tang, Lihua Meng, and Bingchang Hou. "Adaptive Estimation of Instantaneous Angular Speed for Wind Turbine Planetary Gearbox Fault Detection." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 49974–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2908192.

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35

Lin, Tian R., Andy CC Tan, Lin Ma, and Joseph Mathew. "Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of diesel engines using instantaneous angular speed analysis." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 229, no. 2 (April 29, 2014): 304–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406214533253.

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Continuous monitoring of diesel engine performance is critical for early detection of fault developments in an engine before they materialize into a functional failure. Instantaneous crank angular speed (IAS) analysis is one of a few non-intrusive condition monitoring techniques that can be utilized for such a task. Furthermore, the technique is more suitable for mass industry deployments than other non-intrusive methods such as vibration and acoustic emission techniques due to the low instrumentation cost, smaller data size and robust signal clarity since IAS is not affected by the engine operation noise and noise from the surrounding environment. A combination of IAS and order analysis was employed in this experimental study and the major order component of the IAS spectrum was used for engine loading estimation and fault diagnosis of a four-stroke four-cylinder diesel engine. It was shown that IAS analysis can provide useful information about engine speed variation caused by changing piston momentum and crankshaft acceleration during the engine combustion process. It was also found that the major order component of the IAS spectra directly associated with the engine firing frequency (at twice the mean shaft rotating speed) can be utilized to estimate engine loading condition regardless of whether the engine is operating at healthy condition or with faults. The amplitude of this order component follows a distinctive exponential curve as the loading condition changes. A mathematical relationship was then established in the paper to estimate the engine power output based on the amplitude of this order component of the IAS spectrum. It was further illustrated that IAS technique can be employed for the detection of a simulated exhaust valve fault in this study.

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36

Zeng, Qiang, Guojin Feng, Yimin Shao, James Devitt, Fengshou Gu, and Andrew Ball. "An accurate instantaneous angular speed estimation method based on a dual detector setup." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 140 (June 2020): 106674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2020.106674.

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37

Braut, Sanjin, Roberto Žigulić, Ante Skoblar, and Goranka Štimac Rončević. "Partial Rub Detection Based on Instantaneous Angular Speed Measurement and Variational Mode Decomposition." Journal of Vibration Engineering & Technologies 8, no. 2 (September 27, 2019): 351–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42417-019-00177-2.

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38

Farina, Dario, Andrea Macaluso, Richard A. Ferguson, and Giuseppe De Vito. "Effect of power, pedal rate, and force on average muscle fiber conduction velocity during cycling." Journal of Applied Physiology 97, no. 6 (December 2004): 2035–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00606.2004.

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Muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) provides indications on motor unit recruitment strategies due to the relation between conduction velocity and fiber diameter. The aim of this study was to investigate MFCV of thigh muscles during cycling at varying power outputs, pedal rates, and external forces. Twelve healthy male participants aged between 19 and 30 yr cycled on an electronically braked ergometer at 45, 60, 90, and 120 rpm. For each pedal rate, subjects performed two exercise intensities, one at an external power output corresponding to the previously determined lactate threshold (100% LT) and the other at half of this power output (50% LT). Surface electromyogram signals were detected during cycling from vastus lateralis and medialis muscles with linear adhesive arrays of eight electrodes. In both muscles, MFCV was higher at 100% LT compared with 50% LT for all average pedal rates except 120 rpm (mean ± SE, 4.98 ± 0.19 vs. 4.49 ± 0.18 m/s; P < 0.001). In all conditions, MFVC increased with increasing instantaneous knee angular speed (from 4.14 ± 0.16 to 5.08 ± 0.13 m/s in the range of instantaneous angular speeds investigated; P < 0.001). When MFCV was compared at the same external force production (i.e., 90 rpm/100% LT vs. 45 rpm/50% LT, and 120 rpm/100% LT vs. 60 rpm/50% LT), MFCV was higher at the faster pedal rate (5.02 ± 0.17 vs. 4.64 ± 0.12 m/s, and 4.92 ± 0.19 vs. 4.49 ± 0.11 m/s, respectively; P < 0.05) due to the increase in inertial power required to accelerate the limbs. It was concluded that, during repetitive dynamic movements, MFCV increases with the external force developed, instantaneous knee angular speed, and average pedal rate, indicating progressive recruitment of large, high conduction velocity motor units with increasing muscle force.

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39

Leong, Chee-Hoi, Steven J. Elmer, and James C. Martin. "Noncircular Chainrings Do Not Influence Physiological Responses During Submaximal Cycling." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 17, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2019-0778.

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Pedal speed and mechanical power output account for 99% of metabolic cost during submaximal cycling. Noncircular chainrings can alter instantaneous crank angular velocity and thereby pedal speed. Reducing pedal speed during the portion of the cycle in which most power is produced could reduce metabolic cost and increase metabolic efficiency. Purpose: To determine the separate contributions of pedal speed and chainring shape/eccentricity to the metabolic cost of producing power and evaluate joint-specific kinematics and kinetics during submaximal cycling across 3 chainring eccentricities (CON = 1.0; LOW = 1.13; HIGH = 1.24). Methods: Eight cyclists performed submaximal cycling at power outputs eliciting 30%, 60%, and 90% of their individual lactate threshold at pedaling rates of 80 rpm under each chainring condition (CON80rpm; LOW80rpm; HIGH80rpm) and at pedaling rates for the CON chainring chosen to match pedal speeds of the noncircular chainrings (CON78rpm to LOW80rpm; CON75rpm to HIGH80rpm). Physiological measures, metabolic cost, and gross efficiency were determined by indirect calorimetry. Pedal and joint-specific powers were determined using pedal forces and limb kinematics. Results: Physiological and metabolic measures were not influenced by eccentricity and pedal speed (all Ps > .05). Angular velocities produced during knee and hip extension were lower with the HIGH80rpm condition compared with the CON80rpm condition (all Ps < .05), while angular velocity produced during ankle plantar flexion remained unchanged. Conclusions: Despite the noncircular chainrings imposing their eccentricity on joint angular kinematics, they did not reduce metabolic cost or increase gross efficiency. Our results suggest that noncircular chainrings neither improve nor compromise submaximal cycling performance in trained cyclists.

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40

Liu, Siyuan, Wanyou Li, Zhijun Shuai, and Meilong Chen. "Vibration Analysis of a Single-Cylinder Reciprocating Compressor considering the Coupling Effects of Torsional Vibration." Shock and Vibration 2019 (April 1, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3904595.

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A piston slap is one of the main vibration sources of the reciprocating machinery. Much work has been done in this field, most of which was based on a constant rotating speed. However, in practice, the speed of a crankshaft may always fluctuate due to the uneven load or excitation. The inertia forces of moving components are much different at the fluctuating rotating speed comparing with that at a constant speed. In this paper, the piston slap and the induced vibration are analyzed based on the instantaneous angular speed measured on a single-cylinder reciprocating compressor. Firstly, the dynamics of a crank-connecting rod mechanism is analyzed based on the measured instantaneous angular speed which contains the torsional vibration of the air compressor. The time histories of piston slap impact forces considering and without considering torsional vibration are compared. Then, in order to correlate the piston slap impact with the slap-induced vibration, the corresponding transfer functions between the middle stroke of the outer surface of the cylinder liner and the excitation points are measured. And the excitation force on the main bearing is also taken into account to bring the simulation closer to the experimental results. The effects of a torsional vibration on the vibration of the cylinder liner are analyzed, and the simulation results show that the torsional vibration is a factor that must be taken into account in the vibration analysis of the single-cylinder reciprocating compressor.

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41

Dereszewski, Mirosław. "IMPACT OF SEA WAVING AT FLUCTUATION OF INSTANTANEOUS ANGULAR SPEED OF SHIP’S PROPULSION SHAFT." Journal of KONES. Powertrain and Transport 21, no. 1 (December 28, 2014): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/12314005.1134055.

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Sarma, S., V. K. Agrawal, S. Udupa, and K. Parameswaran. "Instantaneous angular position and speed measurement using a DSP based resolver-to-digital converter." Measurement 41, no. 7 (August 2008): 788–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2007.11.010.

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43

Horodinca, Mihaita, Neculai-Eduard Bumbu, Dragos-Florin Chitariu, Adriana Munteanu, Catalin-Gabriel Dumitras, Florin Negoescu, and Constantin-Gheorghe Mihai. "On the Behaviour of an AC Induction Motor as Sensor for Condition Monitoring of Driven Rotary Machines." Sensors 23, no. 1 (January 2, 2023): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010488.

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This paper presents some advances in condition monitoring for rotary machines (particularly for a lathe headstock gearbox) running idle with a constant speed, based on the behaviour of a driving three-phase AC asynchronous induction motor used as a sensor of the mechanical power via the absorbed electrical power. The majority of the variable phenomena involved in this condition monitoring are periodical (machines having rotary parts) and should be mechanically supplied through a variable electrical power absorbed by a motor with periodical components (having frequencies equal to the rotational frequency of the machine parts). The paper proposes some signal processing and analysis methods for the variable part of the absorbed electrical power (or its constituents: active and instantaneous power, instantaneous current, power factor, etc.) in order to achieve a description of these periodical constituents, each one often described as a sum of sinusoidal components with a fundamental and some harmonics. In testing these methods, the paper confirms the hypothesis that the evolution of the electrical power (instantaneous and active) has a predominantly deterministic character. Two main signal analysis methods were used, with good, comparable results: the fast Fourier transform of short and long signal sequences (for the frequency domain) and the curve fitting estimation (in the time domain). The determination of the amplitude, frequency and phase at origin of time for each of these components helps to describe the condition (normal or abnormal) of the machine parts. Several achievements confirm the viability of this study: a characterization of a flat driving belt condition and a beating power phenomenon generated by two rotary shafts inside the gearbox. For comparison purposes, the same signal analysis methods were applied to describe the evolution of the vibration signal and the instantaneous angular speed signal at the gearbox output spindle. Many similarities in behaviour among certain mechanical parts (including their electrical power, vibration and instantaneous angular speed) were highlighted.

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Lus, Tomasz, Marek Łutowicz, and Dominika Cuper. "APPLICABILITY STUDY OF THE FIBER-OPTIC GYRO IN PISTON ENGINES DIAGNOSING PROCESS." Agricultural Engineering 46, no. 1 (September 10, 2014): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/ageng.2014.004.

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The Polish Naval Academy has been involved in marine reciprocating combustion engines indication tests for many years. Results of researches aiming to diagnostic using of measurement of engine crankshaft unsteady angular speed are presented in the paper. Up to now, adequate accuracy of angular speed measurement had not been achieved to make proper diagnostic decision. Commercially, measurement of unsteady rotation speed has been used only in MAPEX –TV system (Torsional Vibration detector) dedicated to SULZER engines, which can detect only the one engine cylinder switch out of work without any mistakes. For several years, mostly in navigation, more often are used optic gyroscopes which work on the base of Sagnac effect, assuring angular speed measurements with resolution of 0.001o/h. Such resolution is too high than needed in piston engines diagnostic, but range of measured rotation speed is much much lower than rpm of medium-or low-speed marine diesel engines. In scope of conducted research it was decided to build a model of Sagnac interferometer prepared to measure of instantaneous angular speed in range adequate to medium speed marine diesel engines. At rotational crankshaft speed equal 750 rpm 1mV change in output voltage had been achieved for the difference of 0,4 o/sec of rotational speed. Time of measurement is equal the time which need light ray to go through distance of 100 m fibber-optic line. In practice this method do not introduce any significant phase shifts and does not limit the number of samples per revolution.

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Krishna, V., N. G. Naganathan, R. Phadnis, and R. V. Dukkipati. "Analysis of driveline loads in an automotive powertrain with multiple Cardan joints." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 214, no. 5 (May 1, 2000): 509–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954407001527808.

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A general equilibrium analysis of automotive drivelines with multiple universal joints and numerous supporting conditions is presented. For the analysis, components of the driveline in terms of their angular rotation, angular velocity and acceleration are defined. Using kinematic conditions and a known torque and speed, the angular speed of the axle output shaft and all intermediate shafts and forces at contact points are computed using software developed to perform the analysis. To perform a time domain analysis, the quasi-static equilibrium conditions are imposed on the system at an instant. The instantaneous behaviour of the system is determined as a function of the transmission output shaft rotation. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the analysis. The results of the numerical example are plotted with respect to time. The general behaviour of the forces is found to be oscillatory and harmonic in nature.

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Jing, Chenchen, Yan Yan, Shiyu Lin, Le Gao, Zhixin Wang, and Tingna Shi. "A Novel Moment of Inertia Identification Strategy for Permanent Magnet Motor System Based on Integral Chain Differentiator and Kalman Filter." Energies 14, no. 1 (December 30, 2020): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14010166.

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In a motor control system, the parameters tuning of speed and position controller depend on the value of the moment of inertia. A new moment of inertia identification scheme for permanent magnet motor system was proposed in this paper. This is an extension of the existing acceleration deceleration methods, which solves the large moment of inertia identification error caused by variable angular acceleration, large calculation error of inertia torque, and large measurement noise in the acceleration process. Based on the fact that the angular acceleration is not constant and the sampling signal is noisy, the integral chain differentiator was used to calculate the instantaneous angular acceleration at any time and suppress the sampling signal noise at the same time. The error function with instantaneous angular acceleration and inertia torque as parameters was designed to estimate the moment of inertia. In order to calculate the inertia torque accurately, viscous friction torque was considered in the calculation of inertia torque, and Kalman filter was used to estimate the total load torque to solve the problem of under rank of motor motion equation. Simulation and experimental results showed that the proposed method could effectively identify the moment of inertia in both noisy and noiseless environments.

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Al-Qattan, M., F. Al-Juwayhel, A. Ball, M. Elhaj, and F. Gu. "Instantaneous angular speed and power for the diagnosis of single-stage, double-acting reciprocating compressor." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 223, no. 1 (January 2009): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/13506501jet434.

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48

Łutowicz, Marek, and Dominika Cuper-Przybylska. "Influence of the Instantaneous Angular Speed (IAS) of Marine Diesel Engine on its Indication Results." Solid State Phenomena 236 (July 2015): 204–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.236.204.

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The paper presents a method of transforming the time axis to the axis of the crank angle rotation based on the pressure measured in time domain and simplified model of the engine dynamics. Indicating is to register the pressure in synchronism with the engine crank angle rotation. Usually in the ad hoc measurements the crankshaft rotation angle transducer is avoided, and the measurements are performed in time domain. For further analysis time axis is transformed for crank angle axis on the base of linear transform. Pressure waveforms obtained during the research were subject of the described transform. During the research instantaneous angular speed (IAS) of the engine crankshaft has been changed by reducing fuel dosage to selected cylinders. Mean indicated pressure (MIP) was calculated. Values o pressure on the begging and the end of compression, opening and closing angles of valves were also determined.

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Roy, Sankar K., Amiya R. Mohanty, and Cheruvu S. Kumar. "Fault detection in a multistage gearbox by time synchronous averaging of the instantaneous angular speed." Journal of Vibration and Control 22, no. 2 (May 14, 2014): 468–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546314533582.

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Gonçalves e Silva, Régis Henrique, Luiz Eduardo dos Santos Paes, Gustavo Luis de Sousa, Cleber Marques, Alberto Bonamigo Viviani, Mateus Barancelli Schwedersky, and Tiago Loureiro Fígaro da Costa Pinto. "Design of a wire measurement system for dynamic feeding TIG welding using instantaneous angular speed." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 101, no. 5-8 (November 23, 2018): 1651–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-018-3026-2.

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