Relevant bibliographies by topics / Inspection/repair strategy

Academic literature on the topic 'Inspection/repair strategy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 July 2024

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Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Journal articles on the topic "Inspection/repair strategy":

1

SHEU, SHEY-HUEI, YAN-CHUN CHEN, and LI-HSIU TENG. "OPTIMAL PERIODIC REPLACEMENT POLICY WITH CHECKING TIME." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 12, no. 01 (February 2005): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539305001689.

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This investigation considers a generalized inspection policy for a deteriorating production system with general random minimal repair costs. The inspection times for the inspection strategy are assumed to be non-negligible. Additionally, uncertainty probabilities associated with inspections are introduced. Using a dynamic programming formulation, the optimal inspection time for maximizing profit per unit time for a given overhaul/replacement time is determined. Next, the procedure is extended to determine the optimal periodic overhaul/replacement time, as well as the optimal number of inspections and their schedule.
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Patel, Nirav J., Nikunj J. Dhimar, Pratik D. Solanki, and Jay A. Patel. "Impact of Inspection Strategy on Repairing Cost of Distribution Transformer." Asian Journal of Electrical Sciences 7, no. 1 (May 5, 2018): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajes-2018.7.1.2060.

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The Objective of the paper is to do Proper Inspection procedure of failed distribution transformer will reduce the repairing cost. Methods and Statistical analysis includes steps to do external and Internal Inspection with care so that it will not add any pointless expense. This paper highlights the Life cycle of failed distribution transformer and foremost objectives of Inspection which is directly affecting the procedure of repairing and its overall repairing cost. Findings of the paper convey that Inspection of failed distribution transformer is a planned technical extent which will affect directly to repair cost. The project can be applied for Proper Inspection practice will absolutely reduce the repair cost and over all transformer repairing expense of DISCOM.
3

Yang, Yingnan, and Hongming Xie. "Determination of Optimal MR&R Strategy and Inspection Intervals to Support Infrastructure Maintenance Decision Making." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 2, 2021): 2664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052664.

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In the commonly used approach to maintenance scheduling for infrastructure facilities, maintenance decisions are made under the assumptions that inspection frequency is periodical and fixed, and that the true state of a facility is revealed through inspections. This research addresses these limitations by proposing a decision-making approach for determining optimal maintenance, repair, and rehabilitation (MR&R) strategy and inspection intervals for infrastructure facilities that can explicitly take into account non-periodical inspections as well as previously considered periodical inspections. Four transition probabilities are proposed to represent four different MR&R strategies. Then, an optimization program is suggested to minimize MR&R and inspection costs of a bridge element network over a given time period, while keeping the condition states of the element network above a predetermined level. A case study was applied to illustrate the proposed approach. The results show that the proposal approach can support decision making in situations where non-periodical inspections and MR&R actions are incorporated into the model development. If employed properly, this may allow agencies to maintain their infrastructure more effectively, resulting in cost savings and reducing unnecessary waste of resources.
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Thoft-Christensen, P., and J. D. S⊘rensen. "Optimal strategy for inspection and repair of structural systems." Civil Engineering Systems 4, no. 2 (June 1987): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02630258708970464.

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Yamashina, H., and H. Mizuyama. "An inspection and repair strategy in automated assembly systems." Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering 4, no. 2 (June 1998): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13552519810213590.

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YAMASHINA, Hajime, Hajime MIZUYAMA, Makoto KURIMOTO, and Masahiko SHIBUYA. "An Inspection and Repair Strategy in Automated Assembly Systems." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 61, no. 7 (1995): 949–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.61.949.

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Chung, Hsin-Yang, Lance Manuel, and Karl H. Frank. "Reliability-Based Optimal Inspection for Fracture-Critical Steel Bridge Members." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1845, no. 1 (January 2003): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1845-05.

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To prevent fatigue failure of members in steel bridges, one usually needs to perform frequent periodic bridge inspections and employ detailed inspection methods. This is especially true for fracture-critical members or details. Carrying out these inspections puts a large burden on a transportation agency’s bridge maintenance budget. A systematic reliabilitybased method for inspection scheduling is proposed to yield the most economical inspection strategy for steel bridges that, at the same time, guarantees an acceptable safety level through the planned service life. A methodology is presented for evaluating the fatigue reliability of a specified detail classified according to AASHTO fatigue categories. A Miner’s rule approach is used to evaluate the fatigue reliability. The inspection scheduling problem is modeled as an optimization problem with a welldefined objective function that includes the total expected cost of inspection, repair, and failure formulated on the basis of an event tree framework and appropriate constraints in inspection intervals and minimum (target) structural reliability. An optimal inspection-scheduling plan can thus be obtained for any specified fatigue details (fracture-critical details) in steel bridges. Examples presented demonstrate the advantage of the reliabilitybased optimal inspection scheduling in cost saving and structural reliability control over alternative periodic inspection plans. Two numerical examples for a steel bridge in Texas are presented to demonstrate the proposed reliability-based optimal inspection scheduling.
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Sá, Gonçalo, João Sá, Jorge De Brito, and Bárbara Amaro. "STATISTICAL SURVEY ON INSPECTION, DIAGNOSIS AND REPAIR OF WALL RENDERINGS." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 21, no. 5 (May 6, 2015): 623–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.890666.

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This paper describes a statistical survey on the pathology, diagnosis and rehabilitation of wall renderings. The survey was based on an inspection and diagnosis support system that comprises the classification of anomalies in renderings, their most probable causes, diagnosis methods and repair and maintenance techniques. The on-site work that led to this statistics collection involved standard inspections of 55 buildings, located in Lisbon, and a total of 150 wall renderings (100 external and 50 interior). The results of this survey provide indications on the intervention actions at the design, execution and use/maintenance stages in order to decrease the magnitude of or eradicate anomalies in wall renderings. The implementation of a system of this kind could directly improve the quality of constructions.
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Cesare, M., J. C. Santamarina, C. J. Turkstra, and E. Vanmarcke. "Risk-based bridge management: optimization and inspection scheduling." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 21, no. 6 (December 1, 1994): 897–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-095.

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Bridge management based on reliability methods permits the selection of the set of repair projects that minimizes the total network risk in a planning horizon. This approach, previously proposed by the authors, uses the Markovian model for the decay of structural components, evaluates the overall reliability of the bridge as a system, and computes risk by taking into consideration the consequences of reduced function. This paper presents important additional aspects of risk-based bridge management. First, genetic algorithms are proposed as an alternative optimization strategy; small and large bridge networks are solved, guiding the solution towards minimum risk. Second, Markovian transition matrices for deterioration and post-inspection Bayesian updating are combined to schedule inspections so that the overall reliability of the bridge network is maximized for a given inspection budget. Results from a simulation study using a real bridge network are presented and compared with current inspection practice. Key words: bridge management, reliability, risk assessment, optimization, inspection scheduling.
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Alfon, Patuan, Johny Wahyuadi Soedarsono, Dedi Priadi, and Sulistijono. "Application of Hoop Stress Limit State and Predicted Corrosion Rate in Underground Gas Transmission Pipeline Inspection Plan." Applied Mechanics and Materials 328 (June 2013): 942–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.328.942.

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In the transmission pipeline system, decreasing the integrity of the pipe is generally caused by corrosion. Limit state of hoop stress can be applied to determine whether the pipe material is still safe for utilizing below its yield stress. Defining the corrosion rate allowable will be essential in formulating risk of corrosion in the pipeline system. Using an external corrosion rate model generated by soil, the prediction of corrosion rate in every year service life of material will determine the frequency of inspection by adjusting the threshold category. The predicted corrosion rate in every year is as a function of soil resistivity by a factor of coating breakdown and cathodic protection (CP) remaining life. A modified scheme, so called the Inspection-Maintenance-Repair strategy, is an effective method to increase the effectiveness of inspections. The reduction in risk of corrosion is able to extend the inspection plan for several years.
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Journal articles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Inspection/repair strategy":

1

Kouddane, Bouchra. "Évaluation non destructive optimale des bétons par couplage des méthodes CND." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0084.

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Appréhender les caractéristiques mécaniques du béton in situ est essentiel pour déterminer la capacité structurelle à la fois des structures existantes et des nouvelles constructions. La méthodologie récente d'évaluation de la résistance du béton dans une structure existante consiste à intégrer des techniques de Contrôle Non Destructif (CND) avec des mesures destructives (carottage) pour établir un modèle de conversion qui corrèle la résistance mécanique avec les mesures non destructives. Par la suite, le modèle de conversion est appliqué pour estimer la résistance mécanique locale à chaque emplacement de test en fonction des valeurs CND correspondantes.Le test du rebond (RH) et le test de la vitesse des ondes ultrasonores (UPV) sont largement utilisés pour estimer la résistance à la compression du béton. Cependant, l'exactitude des résultats obtenus par ces méthodes peut être influencée par divers facteurs. Pour atténuer ces effets, la combinaison stratégique de ces deux tests non destructifs offre un moyen efficace d'évaluer la résistance du béton dans les structures existantes. Par conséquent, l'objectif de cette thèse est d'analyser la méthodologie d'évaluation des structures en combinant des techniques non destructives et de fournir des recommandations pratiques qui peuvent améliorer la fiabilité de l'évaluation de la résistance in-situ du béton. À cette fin, un simulateur a été développé pour analyser la méthodologie d'évaluation non destructive en utilisant un vaste ensemble de données provenant de diverses sources, notamment des études in situ, ainsi que des données synthétiques générées.La principale contribution de cette étude est de proposer une nouvelle approche d'identification de modèle basée sur l'optimisation multi-objectifs pour prédire la résistance moyenne du béton et sa variabilité, en se basant sur la combinaison des mesures CND. Des simulations Monte Carlo ont été réalisées pour vérifier les performances en tenant compte de l'incertitude des mesures CND et de la variabilité du béton. Les résultats ont mis en évidence l'efficacité de la méthode multi-objectifs dans la détermination de la résistance moyenne et la variabilité de la résistance, par rapport à d'autres approches. De plus, cette approche innovante permet d'obtenir une précision améliorée dans l'estimation des propriétés du béton avec un nombre réduit de prélèvements par rapport aux méthodes traditionnelles.En outre, l'efficacité de diverses stratégies d'échantillonnage suggérées a été évaluée dans cette étude afin de sélectionner les emplacements optimaux pour les extractions de carottes. Une représentation précise et approfondie de la structure examinée peut être obtenue en choisissant soigneusement les emplacements de carottage. À travers des comparaisons approfondies, l'étude vise à déterminer le plan d'échantillonnage qui correspond le mieux aux objectifs spécifiques de l'évaluation de la résistance du béton. Il est suggéré d'utiliser l'échantillonnage4 par optimisation de la variance, qui semble être une alternative appropriée pour réduire les incertitudes inhérentes au processus d'évaluation non destructive [...]
Understanding the in situ mechanical properties of concrete is essential for determining the structural capacity of both existing structures and new constructions. The recent methodology for assessing concrete strength in an existing structure involves integrating nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques with destructive measurements (coring) to establish a conversion model that correlates mechanical strength with nondestructive measurements. Subsequently, the conversion model is applied to estimate the local mechanical strength at each testing location based on the corresponding NDT values.The Rebound Hammer (RH) test and the Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) test are widely used for estimating the compressive strength of concrete. However, the accuracy of the results obtained from these methods can be influenced by various factors. To mitigate these effects, the strategic combination of these two nondestructive tests provides an effective way to evaluate concrete strength in existing structures. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to analyze the assessment methodology of structures by combining nondestructive techniques and to offer practical recommendations that can enhance the reliability of in-situ concrete strength. For this purpose, a simulator was developed to analyze the methodology of nondestructive assessment using an extensive dataset derived from various sources, including in-situ studies, as well as generated synthetic data.The primary contribution of this study is to propose a new model identification approach based on multi-objective optimization to predict the mean strength of concrete and its variability, based on the combination of NDT measurements. Monte Carlo simulations were carried out to check the performance by considering the uncertainty of NDT measurements and the variability of concrete. The results highlighted the effectiveness of the multi-objective method in determining both the average strength and the variability of strength compared to other approaches. Furthermore, this innovative approach enables enhanced accuracy in estimating concrete properties with a reduced number of cores compared to traditional methods.In addition, a thorough and accurate representation of the structure under examination can be achieved by carefully choosing the core locations. The efficacy of various suggested sample strategies has been evaluated in this study in order to select the optimal locations for the core extractions. Through these thorough comparisons, the study aims to discover the sampling plan that best aligns with the specific objectives of evaluating concrete strength. It is suggested to use variance sampling, which appears to be a suitable alternative for reducing inherent uncertainties in the nondestructive assessment process [...]
2

Ciou, Hong-sheng, and 邱鴻昇. "Inspection strategy for steel bridges with considerations of repairs effect and inspection quality." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25057609011347530374.

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碩士
國立成功大學
土木工程學系碩博士班
95
A probability-based method for selecting an optimal NDI (non-destructive inspection) technique and its associate inspection schedule for fracture-critical members in steel bridges is presented. The probability of detection (POD) function for crack size of an NDI technique is utilized as the measure of inspection quality. Through Monte Carlo simulations for crack growth and repair actions after inspections, n times of inspections could generate 2n kinds of repair scenarios and the corresponding crack growth patterns (curves). Considering all crack growth curves and repair scenarios from Monte Carlo simulations, selecting a suitable NDI technique and its associate inspection schedule for a steel bridge fracture-critical member with the acceptable structural safety requirements becomes a mathematical optimization problem. The solution of the problem can provide an economic and safe inspection strategy for steel bridges against “fatigue” or “corrosion-fatigue” problems.

Books on the topic "Inspection/repair strategy":

1

Ecole nationale des ponts et chaussées (France), ed. Gestion des ouvrages d'art: Quelle stratégie pour maintenir et adapter le patrimoine? = Maintenance of bridges and civil structures : which strategy for maintenance and adaptation of the existing stock? : colloque international, Paris, 18-20 octobre 1994. Paris: Presses de l'École nationale des ponts et chaussées, 1994.

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Office, General Accounting. Financial management: Recommendations on Indian trust fund Strategic Plan proposals : report to the Secretary of the Interior. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Inspection/repair strategy":

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O’Malley, John, Andreas Lervik, Tim Wiley, and Gerhard Ersdal. "Inspection and Maintenance of Ageing Concrete Oil and Gas Structures on the Norwegian Continental Shelf." In Ageing and Life Extension of Offshore Facilities, 296–305. ASME, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.885789_ch25.

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Inspection and maintenance of the concrete Oil and Gas structures on the Norwegian Continental Shelf is a current focus area for owners and regulators. These ageing structures were installed between 1977 and 1995 and have been in operation in harsh environmental conditions throughout, and in some cases exceeding, their design service life. This paper results from work undertaken to describe repair methods and experience of repair works on the Norwegian Continental Shelf on ageing offshore structures. The part of this work related to inspection and maintenance of concrete structures forms the basis of this paper. Current experience shows that several concrete structures have a backlog of anomalies requiring assessment and possible remediation due to an acceleration of degradation over their lifetime. An increased frequency and range of defects means that stakeholders are expanding their capabilities to best manage these developing challenges. Maintenance of concrete structures demands an understanding of the degradation mechanisms, repair history, and original design requirements. A robust remediation management strategy should be followed to ensure a consistent and structured approach to all phases of the process, from inspection to documentation of remedial works. This paper aims to provide an overview of current experience and proposes a suitable remediation management strategy framework for offshore concrete structures.
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Yardım, Yavuz, and Enea Mustafaraj. "Selected Assessment and Retrofitting Application Techniques for Historical Unreinforced Masonry Buildings." In Handbook of Research on Seismic Assessment and Rehabilitation of Historic Structures, 525–45. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8286-3.ch017.

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This chapter includes application of recent research on the repair and strengthening of historical structures and provides a structural assessment of five historical mosques in Albania. Apart from visual inspection, terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) data are used to analyze the historical structures. The FEM analysis conducted in SAP2000 aims to investigate the structural behavior of the undamaged model under static and dynamic loads. Stress concentration and mode period results have a considerable difference, which highlights earthquake vulnerability and changes the strategy of possible retrofitting. As a result, possible practical solutions for the structural problems based on previous research and enhancement of the existing structural resistance are suggested.
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Moridpour, Sara, Ehsan Mazloumi, and Reyhaneh Hesami. "Application of Artificial Neural Networks in Predicting the Degradation of Tram Tracks Using Maintenance Data." In Deep Learning and Neural Networks, 845–64. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0414-7.ch047.

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The increase in number of passengers and tramcars will wear down existing rail structures faster. This is forcing the rail infrastructure asset owners to incorporate asset management strategies to reduce total operating cost of maintenance whilst improving safety and performance. Analysing track geometry defects is critical to plan a proactive maintenance strategy in short and long term. Repairing and maintaining the correctly selected tram tracks can effectively reduce the cost of maintenance operations. The main contribution of this chapter is to explore the factors influencing the degradation of tram tracks (light rail tracks) using existing geometric data, inspection data, load data and repair data. This chapter also presents an Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) model to predict the degradation of tram tracks. Predicting the degradation of tram tracks will assist in understanding the maintenance needs of tram system and reduce the operating costs of the system.

Conference papers on the topic "Inspection/repair strategy":

1

Grimes, Keith, and David G. Jones. "Life After Inspection." In 1996 1st International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc1996-1847.

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To gain a financial benefit, a “smart operator” views inspection as part of an overall strategy to maintain a safe pipeline. This paper shows how periodic internal inspections, followed by defect assessments using fitness-for-purpose criteria and selective repair, is the most cost beneficial way of maintaining the safety of a pipeline. It is highlighted that it is important to use (i) genuine high resolution pigs for the inspection and (ii) expert fitness-for-purpose assessment. The cost savings on the optimized future safe operating strategies for the pipeline offset the costs of the inspection and expert assessment.
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Li, Dianqing, Shengkun Zhang, and Wenyong Tang. "Risk Based Inspection and Repair Optimization of Ship Structures Considering Corrosion Effects." In ASME 2004 23rd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2004-51016.

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A theoretical framework of risk based optimal inspection and repair planning is proposed for the ship structures subjected to corrosion deterioration. The planning problem is formulated as an optimization problem where the expected lifetime costs were minimized with a constraint on the minimum acceptable reliability index. The safety margins are established for the inspection events, the repair events and the failure events for ship structures. Moreover, the formulae are derived to calculate failure probabilities and repair probabilities. Based on them, a component subjected to pitting corrosion is investigated to illustrate the process of selecting the optimal inspection and repair strategy. Furthermore, some sensitivity studies were provided. The results show that the optimal inspection instants should take place before the reliability index reaches the minimum acceptable reliability index. The optimal target failure probability is 10−3. In addition, a balance can be achieved between the risk cost and total expected inspection and repair costs by using the risk based optimal inspection and repair method, which is very effective in selecting the optimal inspection and repair strategy.
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Woodcock, Joel, and Laurent P. Houssay. "Comparing the Benefits of Monitoring Versus Preemptive Replacement or Repair." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71048.

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Today, utilities are faced with many equipment maintenance decisions, including whether to implement periodic replacement or to begin an inspection or condition monitoring program. Determination of an optimum maintenance strategy can be difficult because of the financial implications and the probabilistic aspect of the aging process. The Proactive Aging Management (PAM) Tool is a program that can be implemented by utilities to achieve maintenance optimization. PAM supports the decision making process by providing a financial analysis that assesses the impact of outage, inspection, repair and replacement costs together with the effects of aging on the failure rates of a particular component. PAM evaluates the present value of each maintenance strategy and optimizes maintenance parameters such as replacement date or inspection frequency. Component level models in PAM allow the system engineer to determine the best maintenance strategy for a given component. This paper describes an application of PAM that compares the options of inspection or proactive replacement to a base case run-to-failure strategy. The net present value (NPV) over the life of the plant is the metric by which strategies are compared. The NPV is generated for several combinations of inspection and proactive replacement costs. The results provide insight on the optimum choice based on the respective relative costs of each strategy.
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Florentino, Saul, David De Leon, and Jorge Silva. "Optimal Inspection Methodology for Offshore Structures Based on an Economic Decision Theory." In ASME 2004 23rd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2004-51214.

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About 200 marine platforms are installed in the Mexican sector of the Gulf of Mexico so that maintenance and inspection schedules play an important role to avoid excessive structural deterioration of the oil facilities and at the same time to keep the facilities within acceptable safety margins. Large costs associated with inspection and repair actions moved managers towards the application of an optimal strategy in order to minimize inspection expenses. For these purposes, it is necessary to consider deterioration process such as fatigue crack growth under the influence of uncertain wave loading which is the dominant force while effort is focused on maintaining structural integrity and safe production. This paper presents an optimal inspection methodology for offshore structures based on an economic decision theory, bearing in mind that large costs are associated with structural failure and extensive inspection and repairs. A system failure analysis of a given sub set of the critical structural components is included as well as a mathematical framework for the assessment of failure and repair cost associated.
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El-Reedy, Mohamed A. "Integrity Management System for Fixed Offshore Structures Inspection Strategy." In ASME 2004 23rd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2004-51322.

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The GUPCO offshore structure management system was developed as a part of an integrated infrastructure management system. This paper presents a case study of providing an integrity management system for inspection, evaluation and repair of the fixed offshore platforms in Gulf of Suez. The management system procedure is presented focusing on the first step for defining the highly risky weight to the lower risky weight structure based on API criteria for assessment of the existing structures. The risk analysis methodology for developing design and assessment criteria for fixed offshore structure based on consequence of failure is illustrated. In our case study the assessment method is applied for a number of fixed offshore structures. The above methodology is performed after theoretical assessment and then verifying by using ROV subsea inspection for the fixed offshore structure. Comparison between the actual structure performance and the predicting risk assessment for the structure from the model will be studied. The overall management system will be illustrated in scope of predictive maintenance philosophy and reliability for all offshore structures.
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Suputra, I. Made Bayu Weda, Karyadi Junedi, and Girindra Fajar Satriya Putra. "Preparing for Decommissioning: Development of Inspection, Maintenance, and Repair IMR Strategy for Inactive Offshore Platform." In SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/196349-ms.

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Lim, Tze King, Shreenaath Natarajan, and Pei An. "Mid-Water Flowline Integrity Monitoring Strategy." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20870.

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Mid-water flowlines are a more efficient way of product transfer between floating facilities in deepwater, with flow assurance benefits compared to traditional risers and seabed flowlines. However, the design process for mid-water flowlines is complex as these flowlines are subjected to both environment and vessel loading. During the operational phase, changes in vessel offsets, fluid composition or uncertainties in environmental data and vessel motion characteristics may lead to increased loads and escalated risk of failure. Various mid-water flowline configurations have been considered and the design issues such as strength and fatigue are discussed for each configuration. This paper also outlines an integrity monitoring strategy for mid-water flowlines to track system performance and manage the risk. A case study of such a monitoring system deployed on a mid-water flowline is also presented. This paper also discusses the methodology through which certain Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are obtained to effectively manage the inspection intervals, and enable pre-cognition to trigger repair or remedial measures. The benefits of using a combined approach of monitoring and inspection to ensure integrity, improve operational efficiency, and develop cost-effective inspection regimes for mid-water flowlines are also presented.
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Oza, Shaileshkumar H., and Jorge A. Penso. "Steam Methane Reformer Furnace Outlet Manifold Component Repair Experience." In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-97750.

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The steam methane reformer of RIL SEZ refinery was commissioned in 2009. Cold header replacement was planned in 2012, due to severe hot spots occurrences. While performing field welds at bull tee to cone material transitions, cracking was experienced when welding static cast tees (20Cr-32Ni-1Nb alloy) to hot header and reducers (cone). Cracks were reported in tees’s heat-affected-zones. Specific weld repair procedures were developed. This paper discusses the in-service damaging mechanisms that apply to these headers including creep, thermal fatigue, thermal shock, metal dusting, thermal aging embrittlement and reheat cracking. This paper also discusses fabrication discontinuities such as solidification cracks, reheat cracks and ductility dip cracks. Then, the metallurgical analyses completed on the header components are discussed. Finally, the repairs are described including the learning steps that led to the final successful repair. The following sections of this paper depict how the innovative engineering solution was arrived at, analyzing the risks of continued operation, inspection, monitoring, and finalizing the strategy for on-line repair to sustain operation.
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Graciano, Luis Sanchez, Alasdair Clyne, Pablo Cazenave, Richard Kania, and Susy Willis. "Rehabilitation and Certification of the PGPB Cactus-San Fernando Gas Pipeline System." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0250.

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The Cactus-San Fernando gas pipeline system was constructed between 1977–79 in 42 and 48-inch diameter pipe. The pipeline extends for a total length of 650 km in 10 piggable sections. This paper details the work conducted to allow the pipeline to be re-validated to its original design pressure. The overall aim of the project was to demonstrate the future integrity of the pipeline system. The scope of the study was extensive and required innovative project management techniques. It encompassed caliper inspections and high-resolution magnetic inspection, the provision of global positioning surveys (GPS), Pipeline Integrity Assessment including repair schedules, future corrosion prevention and reinspection strategy and pipeline rehabilitation including non-destructive examination (NDE), material testing and repairs. The whole process was reviewed and ratified by an approved Certifying Company who issued a Certificate of Mechanical Integrity, valid for a fixed period of 2 1/2 years.
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Lockey, Aaron, Roland Palmer-Jones, Neil Jackson, and Roger Ellis. "Shallow Dents: Updates to the UKOPA Dent Management Strategy." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33576.

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Pipelines can be dented, but shallow dents with depths less than 2% of the pipe diameter have only recently begun to be reported reliably by high resolution in-line geometry inspections. Most thin-walled onshore pipelines around the world are found to contain these shallow dents, many on welds of unknown toughness, or subject to severe pressure cycling. Much of the existing guidance for dent management was published before such shallow dents were being reported, and did not necessarily consider them. Furthermore, recent failures in Canada have demonstrated that the existing guidance can be non-conservative when a shallow dent is combined with fatigue loading or other undetected damage. The United Kingdom Onshore Pipeline Operators Association (UKOPA) is developing a strategy for the management of dents to provide guidance to operators based on published best practice. The aim of the work is to ensure that dents now identified but not sized by MFL inspection tools are appropriately inspected, investigated, assessed and repaired. UKOPA’s methodology allows shallow dents to be screened and assessed without the requirement for numerous feature investigations. This management strategy is: Stage 1: Use previously published UKOPA guidance on the prioritization of dents. This involves following a series of flow charts, leading the operator from dent discovery, through decisions affecting assessment and possible repair. Stage 2: This Stage provides a series of criteria to indicate whether a weld is likely to be of sufficient toughness to withstand shallow denting, then gives a method to carry out an engineering assessment of a dent based on finite element analysis. This paper presents the background and justification of ‘Stage 2’, and updates ‘Stage 1’. It includes a review of recent published work covering dents on welds, including analytical studies, finite element analyses, testing and failures. The results of this work by UKOPA will form an input to the planned updates to the Pipeline Defect Assessment Manual (PDAM). The paper then applies the updated guidance to operational dent assessment problems provided by UKOPA members. Finally, an example of a dent assessment under the previous and updated guidance, including a finite element analysis, is given to illustrate how a shallow dent on a weld of unknown toughness may be re-categorized as not requiring repair.

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