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1
BABA, Hiromu, and Kimio KANAYAMA. "Investigation of Horizontal Direct Insolation and Normal Direct Insolation : Effect of Calculation of Tilt Insolation." Proceedings of the Symposium on Environmental Engineering 2004.14 (2004): 368–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeenv.2004.14.368.
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Mitsui, Takahito, Polychronis C. Tzedakis, and Eric W. Wolff. "Insolation evolution and ice volume legacies determine interglacial and glacial intensity." Climate of the Past 18, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): 1983–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1983-2022.
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Abstract. Interglacials and glacials represent low and high ice volume end-members of ice age cycles. While progress has been made in our understanding of how and when transitions between these states occur, their relative intensity has been lacking an explanatory framework. With a simple quantitative model, we show that over the last 800 000 years interglacial intensity can be described as a function of the strength of the previous glacial and the summer insolation at high latitudes in both hemispheres during the deglaciation. Since the precession components in the boreal and austral insolations counteract each other, the amplitude increase in obliquity cycles after 430 000 years ago is imprinted in interglacial intensities, contributing to the manifestation of the so-called Mid-Brunhes Event. Glacial intensity is also linked to the strength of the previous interglacial, the time elapsed from it, and the evolution of boreal summer insolation. Our results suggest that the memory of previous climate states and the time course of the insolation are crucial for understanding interglacial and glacial intensities.
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KUKLA, GEORGE JIR̊I. "Insolation and glacials." Boreas 1, no. 1 (January 16, 2008): 63–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.1972.tb00145.x.
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Reid-Green, Keith S. "INSOLATION AND SHADOW." ETS Research Report Series 1996, no. 1 (June 1996): i—28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2333-8504.1996.tb01696.x.
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Kaczmarzyk, Marcin, Marcin Gawronski, and Grzegorz Piatkowski. "Global database of direct solar radiation at the Moon’s surface for lunar engineering purposes." E3S Web of Conferences 49 (2018): 00053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184900053.
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The purpose of this paper was to provide preliminary data concerning global availability of solar energy at the surface of the Moon. Lack of gaseous atmosphere and accompanying phenomena such as precipitations or cloud cover makes the Moon’s surface an extraordinarily advantageous place for solar energy harvesting. On the other hand, excessive exposure to undamped sunlight may cause problems with buildings’ interior overheating or increase decay rate of photovoltaic cells. Thus, basic information concerning solar irradiance and diurnal insolation at specified selenographic latitudes are indispensable for location selection for future lunar facilities and their design process. In order to approximate Sun’s position at lunar sky, simple analytical astrometric model of lunar rotation was developed. Basing on that model, direct diurnal irradiances and insolations were calculated for various flat surface orientations, and selenographic latitudes. Computed data were presented in charts and tables.This lunar insolation database may serve as guideline for location of future lunar settlements and research stations, and to estimate their diurnal energy demands.
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Lora, Juan M., Paul J. Goodman, Joellen L. Russell, and Jonathan I. Lunine. "Insolation in Titan’s troposphere." Icarus 216, no. 1 (November 2011): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2011.08.017.
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Kasiyanchuk, D., E. Kuzmenko, M. Tymkiv, and A. Vitiuk. "Geo-information modelling of the insolation level within Ivano-Frankivsk region." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 27, no. 2 (November 4, 2018): 222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/111847.
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Use of alternative energy sources is one of the promising directions in economic and environmental development of any territory. The purpose of this article is to conduct geo-information analysis of the insolation level within Ivano-Frankivsk region located in the western part of Ukraine. When considering any research territory, it is worth conducting a factorial analysis, which gives the possibility to characterize any advantages and disadvantages of the use of alternative energy. Justification of approaches to the study of territories where alternative energy sources are located or generated is needed to create a unified system for assessment of the potential of the renewable energy sources. Ac- cording to data of the European Space Agency, the insolation level on the research territory varies from 1175 to 1425 kW/hour* sq. m/per day. The method of our research involves the statistical analysis of the insolation level and the factor approach to determining the existing level of insolation Insolation values, meteorological and geomorphological factor characteristics are used to substantiate the new methodology for calculating the existing insolation level. According to the statistical analysis and geo-information analysis, this reasonably permits us to structure months by the level of insolation as well as to calculate the insolation level at a specific point for a certain time of year. Taking into account the angle of inclination above the horizon – the Sun’s declination, the slope exposure – the Sun’s azimuth gives us the possibility to reduce the value of the relief point with its selected factor characteristics and the insolation value to the single coefficients, which permits us to clarify the information as to the insolation level of the selected region. Finally, this is resulted in creation of a map with the isolation levels for Ivano-Frankivsk region taking into account the factor characteristics. The map represents the changing of the insolation level for seven grouped months. It should be noted that insolation level is uneven and it is characterized by the widest gradation within the territories with complex relief. In that event, the optimal angle of solar photovoltaic module inclination equals 49° within Ivano-Frankivsk region. Such structuring clearly reflects the dynamics of changes in the insolation level for an individually selected zone. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is assessment of distribution of the solar energy potential required for further selection of areas to design and locate the solar power stations. The practical significance lies in obtaining the digital cartographic materials which allow assessment of the insolation value at a specific point in the studied region. Structuring of the insolation maps gives the possibility for further development of a unified insolation assessment scheme that is convenient for any user.
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Kaufmann, R. K., and K. Juselius. "Glacial cycles and solar insolation: the role of orbital, seasonal, and spatial variations." Climate of the Past Discussions 6, no. 6 (November 16, 2010): 2557–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-6-2557-2010.
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Abstract. We use a statistical model, the cointegrated vector autoregressive model, to evaluate the relative roles that orbital, seasonal, and spatial variations in solar insolation play in glacial cycles during the late Quaternary (390kyr – present). To do so, we estimate models of varying complexity and compare the accuracy of their in-sample simulations. Results indicate that variations in solar insolation associated with changes in Earth's orbit have the greatest explanatory power and that obliquity, precession, and eccentricity are needed to generate an accurate simulation of glacial cycles. Seasonal variations in insolation play a lesser role, while cumulative summer-time insolation has little explanatory power. Finally, solar insolation in the Northern Hemisphere generates the more accurate in-sample simulation of surface temperature while ice volume is simulated most accurately by solar insolation in the Southern Hemisphere.
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Giyasov, Adham I. "Lightplanograph Simulating Insolation Of Buildings and Developments Of The Arctic Zone Of Russia." Light & Engineering, no. 01-2021 (February 2021): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2020-054.
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The article is devoted to the actual problem of assessing the insolation of modern architectural construction and urban development objects, especially, the development of the “tablet type lightplanograph” insolation device. The device is intended for wide application in the Arctic zone during solving of problems relied on assessing the insolation and light conditions of buildings and urban areas and allows for light-climate certification for other geographical latitudes. It is difficult to assess and analyse the insolation of a number of urban development sites using existing design methods and tools. To solve these problems, it is preferable to use an insolation device “tablet type lightplanograph”, which is based on the method of modelling graphically the conditions of insolation in a clear sky on a horizontal plane. This method makes it possible to comprehensively assess the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of insolation, illumination, and UV radiation. The aim of the research was to develop theoretical and methodological provisions for the development of a lightplanograph and to issue recommendations for its use in architectural – construction and urban planning design.
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Cronin, Timothy W. "Reply to “Comments on ‘On the Choice of Average Solar Zenith Angle’’’." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 74, no. 5 (May 1, 2017): 1677–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-16-0335.1.
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Abstract The solar zenith angle controls local insolation and also affects the partitioning of insolation into planetary reflection, atmospheric absorption, and surface absorption. Because of this role of the solar zenith angle in modulating albedo, Cronin and others have proposed that insolation weighting should be used to determine the solar zenith angle when a single-angle calculation is used to represent a spatial or temporal average of solar fluxes. A comment by Li claims instead that daytime weighting is optimal, and that insolation weighting leads to serious errors, but this claim is based on a severe misinterpretation of the method proposed by Cronin. With any method of zenith angle averaging, both the solar constant and the zenith angle are free parameters, but their product—the mean insolation—must be held constant. Li fails to hold insolation constant when comparing different methods of zenith angle averaging and, thus, obtains large but spurious “errors.” This paper attempts to clarify the method proposed by Cronin and tabulates the insolation-weighted solar zenith angle and solar constant that should be used as a function of latitude for annual-average radiative transfer on a planet with Earth’s obliquity and a circular orbit.
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Cheng, Peiyang, Arastoo Pour-Biazar, Richard T. McNider, and John R. Mecikalski. "Validation of GOES-Based Surface Insolation Retrievals and Its Utility for Model Evaluation." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 37, no. 4 (April 2020): 553–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-19-0058.1.
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AbstractIncident solar radiation at Earth’s surface, also called surface insolation, plays an important role in the Earth system as it affects surface energy balance, weather, climate, water supply, biochemical emissions, photochemical reactions, etc. The University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) and the NASA Short-term Prediction Research and Transition Center (SPoRT) have been generating and archiving several products, including insolation, from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) Imager for over a decade. The NASA/UAH insolation product has been used in studies to improve air quality simulations, biogenic emission estimates, correcting surface energy balance, and for cloud assimilation, but has not been thoroughly evaluated. In this study, the NASA/UAH insolation product is compared to surface pyranometer measurements from the Surface Radiation Budget Network (SURFRAD) and the U.S. Climate Reference Network (USCRN) for a 12-month period from March 2013 to February 2014. The insolation product has normalized bias values within 6% of the mean observation, a root-mean-square error between 6% and 16%, and correlation coefficients greater than 0.96 for hourly insolation estimates. It also shows better performance without the presence of clouds. However, erroneous estimates may be produced for persistent snow-covered surfaces. Further, this study attempts to demonstrate the use of such a satellite-based insolation product for model evaluation. The NASA/UAH insolation product is compared to the downward shortwave radiation from the Rapid Refresh, version 1 (RAPv1), and successfully captures the overestimation tendency in surface energy input as mentioned in previous studies. Finally, future plans for improving the retrieval algorithm and developing a GOES-16 insolation product are discussed.
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Lee, S. Y., and C. J. Poulsen. "Amplification of obliquity forcing through mean-annual and seasonal atmospheric feedbacks." Climate of the Past Discussions 4, no. 2 (April 25, 2008): 515–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-4-515-2008.
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Abstract. Pleistocene benthic δ18O records exhibit strong spectral power at ~41 kyr, indicating that global ice volume has been modulated by Earth's axial tilt. This feature, and weak spectral power in the precessional band, has been attributed to the influence of obliquity on mean-annual and seasonal insolation gradients at high latitudes. In this study, we use a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model to quantify changes in continental snowfall associated with mean-annual and seasonal insolation forcing due to a change in obliquity. Our model results indicate that insolation changes associated with a decrease in obliquity amplify continental snowfall in two ways: (1) An increase in high-latitude winter insolation is enhanced through a low-cloud feedback, resulting in colder air temperatures and increased snow precipitation. (2) An increase in the summer insolation gradient enhances summer eddy activity, increasing vapor transport to high-latitude regions. In our experiments, a decrease in obliquity leads to an annual snowfall increase of 25.0 cm; just over one-half of this response (14.1 cm) is attributed to seasonal changes in insolation. Our results indicate that the role of insolation gradients is important in amplifying the relatively weak insolation forcing due to a change in obliquity. Nonetheless, the total snowfall response to obliquity is similar to that due to a shift in Earth's precession, suggesting that obliquity forcing alone can not account for the spectral characteristics of the ice-volume record.
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Liu, Xiaodong, Zhengyu Liu, John E. Kutzbach, Steven C. Clemens, and Warren L. Prell. "Hemispheric Insolation Forcing of the Indian Ocean and Asian Monsoon: Local versus Remote Impacts*." Journal of Climate 19, no. 23 (December 1, 2006): 6195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3965.1.
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Abstract Insolation forcing related to the earth’s orbital parameters is known to play an important role in regulating variations of the South Asian monsoon on geological time scales. The influence of insolation forcing on the Indian Ocean and Asian monsoon is studied in this paper by isolating the Northern and Southern Hemispheric insolation changes in several numerical experiments with a coupled ocean–atmosphere model. The focus is on the response of South Asian summer rainfall (monsoon strength) with emphasis on impacts of the local versus remote forcing and possible mechanisms. The model results show that both Northern Hemisphere (NH) and Southern Hemisphere (SH) summer insolation changes affect the Indian Ocean and Asian monsoon as a local forcing (in the same hemisphere), but only the SH changes result in remote (in the other hemisphere) forcing. The NH insolation change has a local and immediate impact on NH summer monsoons from North Africa to South and East Asia, while the SH insolation change has a remote and seasonal-scale delayed effect on the South Asian summer monsoon rainfall. When the SH insolation is increased from December to April, the sea surface temperature (SST) in the southern tropical Indian Ocean remains high from January to July. The increased SST produces more atmospheric precipitable water over the southern tropical Indian Ocean by promoting evaporation from the ocean. The enhanced precipitable water over the southern Indian Ocean is transported northward to the South Asian monsoon region by the lower-tropospheric mean cross-equatorial flows with the onset of the Asian monsoon increasing precipitable water over South Asia, eventually leading to the increase of Indian summer monsoon precipitation. Thus, these model experiments, while idealized and not fully representing actual orbitally forced insolation changes, confirm the broadscale response of northern monsoons to NH summer insolation increases and also illustrate how SH summer insolation increases can have a delayed influence on the Indian summer monsoon.
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Schevchuk, Myroslava, Svitlana Verkalets, Serhiy Schevchuk, and Mykola Danylyshyn. "Violation of the conditions of the insolution regime in trends of modern construction." Scientific and informational bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk University of Law named after King Danylo Halytskyi, no. 9(21) (October 2, 2020): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33098/2078-6670.2020.9.21.80-85.
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Purpose. The purpose of the work is analysis of violations of natural lighting conditions (insolation) in residential buildings, because in the modern conditions of construction the role of direct sunlight as a natural health factor has increased significantly, multi-storied buildings in cities are becoming increasingly detached from natural conditions. Method. The methodology is based on a comprehensive and objective analysis of the SSTC-R B normative document R.2.2-27: 2010 “Guidance on the Calculation of Civilian Object Insolation”. Results. It has been investigated during the process of analysis that the regulation and calculation of insolation is the most acute economic and social-legal problem. With the transition of land usage and construction to the market basis, building insulation rates have become a major factor in holding back investors, landlords and tenants from seeking to redevelop urban development in order to maximize profits. Scientific novelty. Imperfect normalization was found under the current conditions in the course of the research, which can lead to serious errors in the design and evaluation of the insulation regime of the apartment and the house as a whole. The maximum shade mask of a new home shall correspond to the maximum possible height of the projected house or to the combination of the maximum heights of each individual section at which the insolation regime in the premises of the existing house or in the surrounding area shall meet the regulatory requirements or shall not deteriorate during the normalized period of insolation. If the insolation is interrupted more than once, then for the estimated duration of the insolation, the sum of the duration of the two largest insolation periods should be taken. Practical meaning. The results of the study may be useful in further studies of violation of natural light conditions, as well as the impact of residential development on insolation processes.
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Richardson, Jeffrey J., Christian E. Torgersen, and L. Monika Moskal. "Lidar-based approaches for estimating solar insolation in heavily forested streams." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 23, no. 7 (July 5, 2019): 2813–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2813-2019.
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Abstract. Methods to quantify solar insolation in riparian landscapes are needed due to the importance of stream temperature to aquatic biota. We have tested three lidar predictors using two approaches developed for other applications of estimating solar insolation from airborne lidar using field data collected in a heavily forested narrow stream in western Oregon, USA. We show that a raster methodology based on the light penetration index (LPI) and a synthetic hemispherical photograph approach both accurately predict solar insolation, explaining more than 73 % of the variability observed in pyranometers placed in the stream channel. We apply the LPI-based model to predict solar insolation for an entire riparian system and demonstrate that no field-based calibration is necessary to produce an unbiased prediction of solar insolation using airborne lidar alone.
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Lee, S. Y., and C. J. Poulsen. "Amplification of obliquity forcing through mean annual and seasonal atmospheric feedbacks." Climate of the Past 4, no. 4 (October 15, 2008): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-4-205-2008.
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Abstract. Pleistocene benthic δ18O records exhibit strong spectral power at ~41 kyr, indicating that global ice volume has been modulated by Earth's axial tilt. This feature, and weak spectral power in the precessional band, has been attributed to the influence of obliquity on mean annual and seasonal insolation gradients at high latitudes. In this study, we use a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model to quantify changes in continental snowfall associated with mean annual and seasonal insolation forcing due to a change in obliquity. Our model results indicate that insolation changes associated with a decrease in obliquity amplify continental snowfall in three ways: (1) Local reductions in air temperature enhance precipitation as snowfall. (2) An intensification of the winter meridional insolation gradient strengthens zonal circulation (e.g. the Aleutian low), promoting greater vapor transport from ocean to land and snow precipitation. (3) An increase in the summer meridional insolation gradient enhances summer eddy activity, increasing vapor transport to high-latitude regions. In our experiments, a decrease in obliquity leads to an annual snowfall increase of 25.0 cm; just over one-half of this response (14.1 cm) is attributed to seasonal changes in insolation. Our results indicate that the role of insolation gradients is important in amplifying the relatively weak insolation forcing due to a change in obliquity. Nonetheless, the total snowfall response to obliquity is similar to that due to a shift in Earth's precession, suggesting that obliquity forcing alone can not account for the spectral characteristics of the ice-volume record.
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FEDOROV, Valeriy, and Pavel GREBENNIKOV. "MEDIEVAL WARM PERIOD OF THE HOLOCENE AND ITS POSSIBLE CAUSES." LIFE OF THE EARTH 42, no. 4 (November 25, 2020): 395–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1768.0514-7468.2020_42_4/395-405.
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A brief overview of reliably established global climate events in the Holocene is provided. On the basis of high-precision astronomical ephemeris with high spatial and temporal resolution, the annual and seasonal insolation of the Earth and hemispheres was calculated for the period 3000 BC-AD 2999. According to the results of calculations, the values of insolation contrast were obtained in a generalized manner (for the regions of the heat source and sink), reflecting the changes in the meridional insolation gradient that controls the meridional heat transfer in the hemispheres. The character of long-term variations of both the annual and seasonal arrival, and the annual and seasonal meridional transport of radiation heat in the hemispheres was obtained. The long-term distribution of insolation characteristics of the Earth and hemispheres (annual and seasonal insolation and insolation contrast in the hemispheres) is analyzed. The synchronicity of the extrema of the irradiation characteristics with the global climatic event in the history of the Earth (the Medieval Warm Period of the Holocene) was revealed. On the basis of the revealed synchronicity, the maximum insolation contrast in the winter half of the year in the Northern Hemisphere (the maximum of meridional heat transfer in the winter half of the year), as well as the maximum of interhemispheric heat transfer may be determined to be the reasons for the Medieval Warm Period.
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Robinson, A., and H. Goelzer. "The importance of insolation changes for paleo ice sheet modeling." Cryosphere 8, no. 4 (August 5, 2014): 1419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-1419-2014.
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Abstract. The growth and retreat of continental ice sheets in the past has largely been a response to changing climatic forcing. Since ablation is the principal component of mass loss for land-based ice sheets, the calculation of surface melt is an important aspect of paleo ice sheet modeling. Changes in insolation are often not accounted for in calculations of surface melt, under the assumption that the near-surface temperature transmits the majority of the climatic forcing to the ice sheet. To assess how this could affect paleo simulations, here we investigate the importance of different orbital configurations for estimating melt on the Greenland ice sheet. We find that during peak Eemian conditions, increased insolation contributes 20–50% to the surface melt anomaly. However, this percentage depends strongly on the temperature anomaly at the time. For higher temperature anomalies, the role of insolation changes is less important. This relationship is not homogenous over the ice sheet, since the contribution of insolation to melt is modulated by the local surface albedo. In coupled simulations, the additional insolation-induced melt translates into up to threefold more ice volume loss, compared to output using a model that does not account for insolation changes. We also introduce a simple correction factor that allows reduced-complexity melt models to account for changes in insolation.
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Weiss, Stuart B. "Vertical and temporal distribution of insolation in gaps in an old-growth coniferous forest." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30, no. 12 (December 1, 2000): 1953–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x00-108.
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The combination of canopy access at the Wind River Canopy Crane Research Facility, hemispherical photography, and long-term insolation data provided estimates of vertical and temporal distributions of insolation in nine canopy gaps in a 65 m tall Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) - western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) forest. Yearly insolation (long-term data from Portland, Oreg.) exhibited a sigmoidal pattern with height, with a bright zone (>4200 MJ/m2) above 50 m, a transition zone from 45 to 30 m (2000 MJ/m2), and less rapid decrease from 30 to below 10 m (600 MJ/m2). Intergap variation peaked between 20 and 40 m. Interannual variation of yearly insolation (CV = SD/mean) was about 5% throughout the canopy. Seasonality of insolation was driven by solar angle and cloudiness. Diffuse insolation was 50% of annual above-canopy flux, increasing to nearly 70% at 1.5 m, and diffuse proportion was greater in winter and spring. Hourly simulations under clear and cloudy conditions provided an appropriate time scale for modeling photosynthesis. Estimated leaf area index peaked at 30-35 and 5-10 m but was underestimated (3.7 vs. 9.1 m2/m2 from direct measurements) because of foliage clumping. The methods documented highly variable distributions of insolation driven by forest structure, cloudiness, and seasonal changes in solar angle.
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Jones, Tyler R., Kurt M. Cuffey, William H. G. Roberts, Bradley R. Markle, Eric J. Steig, C. Max Stevens, Paul J. Valdes, et al. "Seasonal temperatures in West Antarctica during the Holocene." Nature 613, no. 7943 (January 11, 2023): 292–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05411-8.
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AbstractThe recovery of long-term climate proxy records with seasonal resolution is rare because of natural smoothing processes, discontinuities and limitations in measurement resolution. Yet insolation forcing, a primary driver of multimillennial-scale climate change, acts through seasonal variations with direct impacts on seasonal climate1. Whether the sensitivity of seasonal climate to insolation matches theoretical predictions has not been assessed over long timescales. Here, we analyse a continuous record of water-isotope ratios from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide ice core to reveal summer and winter temperature changes through the last 11,000 years. Summer temperatures in West Antarctica increased through the early-to-mid-Holocene, reached a peak 4,100 years ago and then decreased to the present. Climate model simulations show that these variations primarily reflect changes in maximum summer insolation, confirming the general connection between seasonal insolation and warming and demonstrating the importance of insolation intensity rather than seasonally integrated insolation or season duration2,3. Winter temperatures varied less overall, consistent with predictions from insolation forcing, but also fluctuated in the early Holocene, probably owing to changes in meridional heat transport. The magnitudes of summer and winter temperature changes constrain the lowering of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet surface since the early Holocene to less than 162 m and probably less than 58 m, consistent with geological constraints elsewhere in West Antarctica4–7.
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Berger, André, Marie-France Loutre, and Christian Tricot. "Insolation and Earth's orbital periods." Journal of Geophysical Research 98, no. D6 (1993): 10341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/93jd00222.
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Dobrovolskis, Anthony R. "Insolation patterns on eccentric exoplanets." Icarus 250 (April 2015): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2014.12.017.
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Lin, Z. S., and S. G. Wang. "EMD analysis of solar insolation." Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics 93, no. 1-2 (May 2, 2006): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00703-005-0138-7.
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Robinson, A., and H. Goelzer. "The importance of insolation changes for paleo ice sheet modeling." Cryosphere Discussions 8, no. 1 (January 14, 2014): 337–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-8-337-2014.
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Abstract. The growth and retreat of continental ice sheets in the past has largely been a response to changing climatic forcing. Thus, the calculation of surface melt is an important aspect of paleo ice sheet modeling. Changes in insolation are often not accounted for in calculations of surface melt, under the assumption that the near-surface temperature transmits the majority of the climatic forcing to the ice sheet. To assess how this could affect paleo simulations, here we investigate the importance of different orbital configurations for estimating melt on the Greenland ice sheet. We find that during peak Eemian conditions, increased insolation contributes 20–50% to the surface melt anomaly. However, this percentage depends strongly on the temperature anomaly at the time. Furthermore, the spatial pattern of surface conditions in terms of temperature and albedo exert a strong influence on the relative importance of insolation in the melt calculations. In coupled simulations, the additional insolation-induced melt translates into up to threefold more ice volume loss, compared to output using a model that does not account for insolation changes. We also introduce a simple correction factor that allows reduced complexity melt models to account for changes in insolation.
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Kim, Jinwon, Yu Gu, and K. N. Liou. "The Impact of Direct Aerosol Radiative Forcing on Surface Insolation and Spring Snowmelt in the Southern Sierra Nevada." Journal of Hydrometeorology 7, no. 5 (October 1, 2006): 976–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm541.1.
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Abstract To understand the regional impact of the atmospheric aerosols on the surface energy and water cycle in the southern Sierra Nevada characterized by extreme variations in terrain elevation, the authors examine the aerosol radiative forcing on surface insolation and snowmelt for the spring of 1998 in a regional climate model experiment. With a prescribed aerosol optical thickness of 0.2, it is found that direct aerosol radiative forcing influences spring snowmelt primarily by reducing surface insolation and that these forcings on surface insolation and snowmelt vary strongly following terrain elevation. The direct aerosol radiative forcing on surface insolation is negative in all elevations. It is nearly uniform in the regions below 2000 m and decreases with increasing elevation in the region above 2000 m. This elevation dependency in the direct aerosol radiative forcing on surface insolation is related to the fact that the amount of cloud water and the frequency of cloud formation are nearly uniform in the lower elevation region, but increase with increasing elevation in the higher elevation region. This also suggests that clouds can effectively mask the direct aerosol radiative forcing on surface insolation. The direct aerosol radiative forcing on snowmelt is notable only in the regions above 2000 m and is primarily via the reduction in the surface insolation by aerosols. The effect of this forcing on low-level air temperature is as large as −0.3°C, but its impact on snowmelt is small because the sensible heat flux change is much smaller than the insolation change. The direct aerosol radiative forcing on snowmelt is significant only when low-level temperature is near the freezing point, between −3° and 5°C. When low-level temperature is outside this range, the direct aerosol radiative forcing on surface insolation has only a weak influence on snowmelt. The elevation dependency of the direct aerosol radiative forcing on snowmelt is related with this low-level temperature effect as the occurrence of the favored temperature range is most frequent in high elevation regions.
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Kuechler, Rony R., Lydie M. Dupont, and Enno Schefuß. "Hybrid insolation forcing of Pliocene monsoon dynamics in West Africa." Climate of the Past 14, no. 1 (January 16, 2018): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-73-2018.
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Abstract. The Pliocene is regarded as a potential analogue for future climate with conditions generally warmer-than-today and higher-than-preindustrial atmospheric CO2 levels. Here we present the first orbitally resolved records of continental hydrology and vegetation changes from West Africa for two Pliocene time intervals (5.0–4.6 Ma, 3.6–3.0 Ma), which we compare with records from the last glacial cycle (Kuechler et al., 2013). Our results indicate that changes in local insolation alone are insufficient to explain the full degree of hydrologic variations. Generally two modes of interacting insolation forcings are observed: during eccentricity maxima, when precession was strong, the West African monsoon was driven by summer insolation; during eccentricity minima, when precession-driven variations in local insolation were minimal, obliquity-driven changes in the summer latitudinal insolation gradient became dominant. This hybrid monsoonal forcing concept explains orbitally controlled tropical climate changes, incorporating the forcing mechanism of latitudinal gradients for the Pliocene, which probably increased in importance during subsequent Northern Hemisphere glaciations.
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Pilakkat, Deepthi, and S. Kanthalakshmi. "Drift Free Variable Step Size Perturb and Observe MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic Systems Under Rapidly Increasing Insolation." Electronics ETF 22, no. 1 (August 27, 2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/els1822019p.
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The characteristic of a Photovoltaic (PV) panel is most affected by the incident solar insolation temperature, shading, and array configuration. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms have an important role in harvesting maximum power from the solar PV arrays. Among the various MPPT methods Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm is the simple and efficient one. However, there will be a drift problem in case of increase in insolation. This drift will be more under rapid increase in insolation. To improve the speed of tracking the Maximum Power Point (MPP), a variable step size P&O (VSSPO) is developed. The drift problem will be more in the case of VSSPO as it will have a larger step size for an increase in insolation. In this paper, the maximum output power extraction from Solar PV under rapidly increasing insolation conditions by a drift free P&O (DFP&O) as well as drift free VSSPO (DFVSSPO) method is presented.
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Nurlygayanov, R. Z., E. R. Syrtlanov, T. B. Minasov, and I. V. Borisov. "THE LEVEL OF VITAMIN D IN PEOPLE OLDER THAN 50 YEARS RESIDING IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN IN THE PERIOD OF MAXIMUM INSOLATION." Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases 18, no. 1 (December 15, 2015): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/osteo201517-9.
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Aim. To study the vitamin D levels in the period of maximal sun exposure in individuals older than 50 years residing in the Republic of Bashkortostan, to compare them with the levels during the period of the minimum insolation. Materials and methods. In the period of high insolation in 175 people aged over 50 years residing in the city (Ufa) and rural areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan, we investigated the levels of 25 (OH) D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) by the indirect ELISA. Results. We show that the senior age groups of the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan even in the period of the maximum insolation are characterized by the high frequency of hypovitaminosis and deficiency of vitamin D. The level of vitamin D is higher in the period of the maximum insolation, and in rural areas, this increase is more prominent. Levels of vitamin D and PTH in the period of the maximum insolation do not depend on male or female sex, and do not differ in rural and urban population. Conclusions. In general, our results show that the problem of deficiency of vitamin D for senior citizens remains of high relevance even in the period of the maximum insolation.
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Park, Jiwon, Sung Hyup Hong, Sang Hun Yeon, Byeong Mo Seo, and Kwang Ho Lee. "Predictive Model for Solar Insolation Using the Deep Learning Technique." International Journal of Energy Research 2023 (February 3, 2023): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/3525651.
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In this study, prediction performances of a regression model and deep learning-based predictive models were comparatively analyzed for the prediction of hourly insolation in regions located at the temperate climate and microthermal climate with high precipitation. Unlike linear regression models, artificial neural networks (ANN) and long short-term memory- (LSTM-) based models achieved reliable predictive performances with CV(RMSE) of 14.0% and 15.8%, respectively. This study proposed the direction of future research by improving the performance of predicting insolation at 1 hour after the current time-step, which has time-dependent characteristics, by utilizing insolation at 24 hours before the current time-step and insolation at the current time-step in addition to the forecasted weather data. In the proposed models, a large error occurred at sunrise and sunset times, suggesting the possibility of improving predictive performance by utilizing variables related to sunrise and sunset in the future. Along with Cheongju, the proposed model could properly predict the hourly insolation in other regions around the world. The results of predicting other regions derived slightly higher prediction errors than Cheongju. However, it is expected that it will be possible to predict the hourly insolation in other regions with better prediction performance if variables related to geographical location are additionally considered in the future.
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Liu, Xiaojuan, and David S. Battisti. "The Influence of Orbital Forcing of Tropical Insolation on the Climate and Isotopic Composition of Precipitation in South America." Journal of Climate 28, no. 12 (June 11, 2015): 4841–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00639.1.
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Abstract The δ18O of calcite (δ18Oc) in speleothems from South America is fairly well correlated with austral summer [December–February (DJF)] insolation, indicating the role of orbitally paced changes in insolation in changing the climate of South America. Using an isotope-enabled atmospheric general circulation model (ECHAM4.6) coupled to a slab ocean model, the authors study how orbitally paced variations in insolation change climate and the isotopic composition of precipitation (δ18Op) of South America. Compared with times of high summertime insolation, times of low insolation feature (i) a decrease in precipitation inland of tropical South America as a result of an anomalous cooling of the South American continent and hence a weakening of the South American summer monsoon and (ii) an increase in precipitation in eastern Brazil that is associated with the intensification and southward movement of the Atlantic intertropical convergence zone, which is caused by the strengthening of African winter monsoon that is induced by the anomalous cooling of northern Africa. Finally, reduced DJF insolation over southern Africa causes cooling and the generation of a tropically trapped Rossby wave that intensifies and shifts the South Atlantic convergence zone northward. In times of low insolation, δ18Op increases in the northern Andes and decreases in northeastern Brazil, consistent with the pattern of δ18Oc changes seen in speleothems. Further analysis shows that the decrease in δ18Op in northeastern Brazil is due to change in the intensity of precipitation, while the increase in the northern Andes reflects a change in the seasonality of precipitation and in the isotopic composition of vapor that forms the condensates.
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Kim, Ha-Yang, and Jeongbae Kim. "Prediction Correlation of Solar Insolation using Relationships between Meteorological Data and Solar Insolation in 2012." Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society 36, no. 1 (February 28, 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7836/kses.2016.36.1.001.
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Anderson, Martha, George Diak, Feng Gao, Kyle Knipper, Christopher Hain, Elke Eichelmann, Kyle Hemes, Dennis Baldocchi, William Kustas, and Yun Yang. "Impact of Insolation Data Source on Remote Sensing Retrievals of Evapotranspiration over the California Delta." Remote Sensing 11, no. 3 (January 22, 2019): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11030216.
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The energy delivered to the land surface via insolation is a primary driver of evapotranspiration (ET)—the exchange of water vapor between the land and atmosphere. Spatially distributed ET products are in great demand in the water resource management community for real-time operations and sustainable water use planning. The accuracy and deliverability of these products are determined in part by the characteristics and quality of the insolation data sources used as input to the ET models. This paper investigates the practical utility of three different insolation datasets within the context of a satellite-based remote sensing framework for mapping ET at high spatiotemporal resolution, in an application over the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta region in California. The datasets tested included one reanalysis product: The Climate System Forecast Reanalysis (CFSR) at 0.25° spatial resolution, and two remote sensing insolation products generated with geostationary satellite imagery: a product for the continental United States at 0.2°, developed by the University of Wisconsin Space Sciences and Engineering Center (SSEC) and a coarser resolution (1°) global Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) product. The three insolation data sources were compared to pyranometer data collected at flux towers within the Delta region to establish relative accuracy. The satellite products significantly outperformed CFSR, with root-mean square errors (RMSE) of 2.7, 1.5, and 1.4 MJ·m−2·d−1 for CFSR, CERES, and SSEC, respectively, at daily timesteps. The satellite-based products provided more accurate estimates of cloud occurrence and radiation transmission, while the reanalysis tended to underestimate solar radiation under cloudy-sky conditions. However, this difference in insolation performance did not translate into comparable improvement in the ET retrieval accuracy, where the RMSE in daily ET was 0.98 and 0.94 mm d−1 using the CFSR and SSEC insolation data sources, respectively, for all the flux sites combined. The lack of a notable impact on the aggregate ET performance may be due in part to the predominantly clear-sky conditions prevalent in central California, under which the reanalysis and satellite-based insolation data sources have comparable accuracy. While satellite-based insolation data could improve ET retrieval in more humid regions with greater cloud-cover frequency, over the California Delta and climatologically similar regions in the western U.S., the CFSR data may suffice for real-time ET modeling efforts.
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Li, Jiangnan. "Comments on “On the Choice of Average Solar Zenith Angle”." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 74, no. 5 (May 1, 2017): 1669–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-16-0185.1.
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Abstract The daytime-mean solar zenith angle (SZA) and the solar insolation–weighted-mean SZA are discussed from a global scale and from a latitude-dependent local-scale perspective. It is found that the choosing of daytime-mean SZA or insolation-weighted-mean SZA depends on whether the averaging process is zero-moment or single-moment weighted. It is a misleading to state that the solar insolation–weighted-mean SZA is more accurate than the daytime-mean SZA when averaging a radiation variable, as claimed by Cronin.
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Pedersen, Rasmus A., Peter L. Langen, and Bo M. Vinther. "Greenland during the last interglacial: the relative importance of insolation and oceanic changes." Climate of the Past 12, no. 9 (September 26, 2016): 1907–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1907-2016.
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Abstract. Insolation changes during the Eemian (the last interglacial period, 129 000–116 000 years before present) resulted in warmer than present conditions in the Arctic region. The NEEM ice core record suggests warming of 8 ± 4 K in northwestern Greenland based on stable water isotopes. Here we use general circulation model experiments to investigate the causes of the Eemian warming in Greenland. Simulations of the atmospheric response to combinations of Eemian insolation and preindustrial oceanic conditions and vice versa are used to disentangle the impacts of the insolation change and the related changes in sea surface temperatures and sea ice conditions. The changed oceanic conditions cause warming throughout the year, prolonging the impact of the summertime insolation increase. Consequently, the oceanic conditions cause an annual mean warming of 2 K at the NEEM site, whereas the insolation alone causes an insignificant change. Taking the precipitation changes into account, however, the insolation and oceanic changes cause more comparable increases in the precipitation-weighted temperature, implying that both contributions are important for the ice core record at the NEEM site. The simulated Eemian precipitation-weighted warming of 2.4 K at the NEEM site is low compared to the ice core reconstruction, partially due to missing feedbacks related to ice sheet changes and an extensive sea ice cover. Surface mass balance calculations with an energy balance model further indicate that the combination of temperature and precipitation anomalies leads to potential mass loss in the north and southwestern parts of the ice sheet. The oceanic conditions favor increased accumulation in the southeast, while the insolation appears to be the dominant cause of the expected ice sheet reduction. Consequently, the Eemian is not a suitable analogue for future ice sheet changes.
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Konovalov, Yu V., and A. N. Khaziev. "Insolation calculations of a photovoltaic power plant taking into account location-based and weather parameters." iPolytech Journal 26, no. 3 (October 8, 2022): 439–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/1814-3520-2022-3-439-450.
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In this study, we set out to develop a methodology for calculating insolation of a photovoltaic power plant taking into account the maximum number of significant input parameters and its territorial adaptation. To this end, simulation modelling implemented in the MATLAB environment was used. Functional possibilities for the synthesis of models using existing elements with the integration of algorithms and modelling results between the blocks of the Simulink sub-system were used. In terms of significant input parameters, geographical coordinates, local time, tilt of the receiving solar panel, modelled day, atmospheric transparency coefficient, albedo and azimuthal angle were considered. A computer model of a photovoltaic power plant was developed for investigating the operation of photovoltaic cells depending on the coordinates of their installation, geometric parameters of solar panels, as well as the temperature and reflectivity of the environment. The performed modelling of the photovoltaic power plant operation visualised graphic dependences of insolation on the tilt of the solar panel, atmospheric transparency coefficient, geographical coordinates of the object and the current month or day. According to the analysis, 15 variations in the solar panel tilt modifies insolation by 10–15%, while variations in the atmospheric transparency coefficient result in 30–50% variations of insolation. As a result, the daily insolation values for the city of Angarsk throughout a year can be modified by 1000–6500 W/m2. The presented results of investigating a regionally adapted photovoltaic power plant demonstrated the need for accounting for location-based and weather parameters during the calculation of insolation for determining the applicability of a plant. The proposed mathematical model for calculating insolation of a photovoltaic power plant can be used for the design and optimization of power supply systems in combination with the specified photovoltaic solar power plants.
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Kostadinov, T. S., and R. Gilb. "Earth Orbit v2.1: a 3-D visualization and analysis model of Earth's orbit, Milankovitch cycles and insolation." Geoscientific Model Development 7, no. 3 (June 3, 2014): 1051–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-1051-2014.
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Abstract. Milankovitch theory postulates that periodic variability of Earth's orbital elements is a major climate forcing mechanism, causing, for example, the contemporary glacial–interglacial cycles. There are three Milankovitch orbital parameters: orbital eccentricity, precession and obliquity. The interaction of the amplitudes, periods and phases of these parameters controls the spatio-temporal patterns of incoming solar radiation (insolation) and the timing and duration of the seasons. This complexity makes Earth–Sun geometry and Milankovitch theory difficult to teach effectively. Here, we present "Earth Orbit v2.1": an astronomically precise and accurate model that offers 3-D visualizations of Earth's orbital geometry, Milankovitch parameters and the ensuing insolation forcing. The model is developed in MATLAB® as a user-friendly graphical user interface. Users are presented with a choice between the Berger (1978a) and Laskar et al. (2004) astronomical solutions for eccentricity, obliquity and precession. A "demo" mode is also available, which allows the Milankovitch parameters to be varied independently of each other, so that users can isolate the effects of each parameter on orbital geometry, the seasons, and insolation. A 3-D orbital configuration plot, as well as various surface and line plots of insolation and insolation anomalies on various time and space scales are produced. Insolation computations use the model's own orbital geometry with no additional a priori input other than the Milankovitch parameter solutions. Insolation output and the underlying solar declination computation are successfully validated against the results of Laskar et al. (2004) and Meeus (1998), respectively. The model outputs some ancillary parameters as well, e.g., Earth's radius-vector length, solar declination and day length for the chosen date and latitude. Time-series plots of the Milankovitch parameters and several relevant paleoclimatological data sets can be produced. Both research and pedagogical applications are envisioned for the model.
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Kostadinov, T. S., and R. Gilb. "Earth Orbit v2.1: a 3-D visualization and analysis model of Earth's orbit, Milankovitch cycles and insolation." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 6, no. 4 (November 28, 2013): 5947–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-6-5947-2013.
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Abstract. Milankovitch theory postulates that periodic variability of Earth's orbital elements is a major climate forcing mechanism, causing, for example, the contemporary glacial-interglacial cycles. There are three Milankovitch orbital parameters: orbital eccentricity, precession and obliquity. The interaction of the amplitudes, periods and phases of these parameters controls the spatio-temporal patterns of incoming solar radiation (insolation) and the timing of the seasons with respect to perihelion. This complexity makes Earth–Sun geometry and Milankovitch theory difficult to teach effectively. Here, we present "Earth Orbit v2.1": an astronomically precise and accurate model that offers 3-D visualizations of Earth's orbital geometry, Milankovitch parameters and the ensuing insolation forcing. The model is developed in MATLAB® as a user-friendly graphical user interface. Users are presented with a choice between the Berger (1978a) and Laskar et al. (2004) astronomical solutions for eccentricity, obliquity and precession. A "demo" mode is also available, which allows the Milankovitch parameters to be varied independently of each other, so that users can isolate the effects of each parameter on orbital geometry, the seasons, and insolation. A 3-D orbital configuration plot, as well as various surface and line plots of insolation and insolation anomalies on various time and space scales are produced. Insolation computations use the model's own orbital geometry with no additional a priori input other than the Milankovitch parameter solutions. Insolation output and the underlying solar declination computation are successfully validated against the results of Laskar et al. (2004) and Meeus (1998), respectively. The model outputs some ancillary parameters as well, e.g. Earth's radius-vector length, solar declination and day length for the chosen date and latitude. Time-series plots of the Milankovitch parameters and EPICA ice core CO2 and temperature data can be produced. Both research and pedagogical applications are envisioned for the model.
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Iizumi, Toshichika, Motoki Nishimori, and Masayuki Yokozawa. "Diagnostics of Climate Model Biases in Summer Temperature and Warm-Season Insolation for the Simulation of Regional Paddy Rice Yield in Japan." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 49, no. 4 (April 1, 2010): 574–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jamc2225.1.
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Abstract This study quantifies the ranges of climate model biases in surface air temperature for July and August (summer temperature) and daily total insolation for May–October (warm-season insolation) that can give simulated regional paddy rice yields with a bias within ±2.5% of the 20-yr mean observed regional yield. The following four sets of three meteorological elements (daily maximum and minimum temperatures and daily total insolation) from daily climate model outputs were used as meteorological inputs for a large-scale crop model for irrigated paddy rice: 1) raw climate model outputs of all meteorological elements, 2) bias-corrected temperatures and raw climate model outputs of insolation, 3) bias-corrected insolation and raw climate model outputs of temperatures, and 4) bias-corrected climate model outputs of all meteorological elements. These meteorological inputs were sourced from seven coupled general circulation models, one regional climate model, and one reanalysis dataset. Crop model simulations with artificially biased meteorological inputs were also used. By using the approximation formula derived from these crop model simulation results and the Monte Carlo simulation technique, it was found that climate model outputs with biases within ±0.6°C and ±3% for summer temperature and warm-season insolation, respectively, could result in a simulated regional paddy rice yield with a bias within ±2.5% of the 20-yr mean observed regional yield. The simulated regional yield was less biased not only when the biases of two meteorological inputs were small but also when the cold or warm bias of summer temperature and the overestimation of warm-season insolation were balanced through the crop model processes. The methodology presented here will lead to a better and more comprehensive understanding of the nature of error propagation from a climate model to an application model and will facilitate the selection of climate models suitable for specific applications.
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Fedorov, Valerii Mikhailovich, Pavel Borisovich Grebennikov, and Denis Maksimovich Frolov. "Analysis of satellite data on dynamics of the extent of sea ice due to insolation contrast." Арктика и Антарктика, no. 1 (January 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2453-8922.2020.1.31784.
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On the basis of theoretical calculations of insolation and Earth remote sensing data on the dynamics of the sea ice area in the Arctic Ocean, a close relationship between long-term changes in the sea ice area and annual insolation contrast in the Northern hemisphere was determined. The change in insolation contrast was generalized (in terms of the source and sink of heat) reflects the change in the meridional insolation gradient that regulates the meridional heat transfer in the ocean - atmosphere system. The regression model was used to make an estimated forecast of changes in the area of sea ice in the Arctic Ocean. According to our estimates, the reduction of the average annual sea ice extent in the Arctic Ocean in 2050 will be 18.3% relative to 2018. The Maximum area (March) will be reduced by 10.1%, and the Minimum area (September) by 60.3%. The decrease in the area of sea ice is associated with an increase in the meridional gradient of insolation and meridional heat transfer resulting from a decrease in the inclination of the Earth's rotation axis in the present epoch.
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Kozmhinsky, Marcelo, Raimundo Mainar De Medeiros, Romildo Morant De Holanda, and Vicente De Paulo Silva. "AVERAGE INSOLATION INTERPOLATED BY THE KRIGAGEM METHOD FOR THE STATE OF PERNAMBUCO – BRAZIL." Journal of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing 8, no. 2 (October 3, 2018): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.29150/jhrs.v8.2.p78-84.
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The objective of this study was to characterize the climatic conditions of insolation in the State of Pernambuco through interpolation, elaborating maps representative of the monthly and annual distribution, besides the low variability and high insolation by the kriging method for the period 1962 to 2016. The data of insolation used Were provided by the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET), comprising the same period of study. The development of this paper was based on simplified statistical data for eight municipalities that compose the INMET meteorological network. The records indicate the incidence of sunshine above normal patterns in the hinterland and high sertão, conditioned by low cloud cover, temperature fluctuations above normal and occurrences of fires. The method of interpolation of the insolation data by the kriging model indicated optimal levels of significance when extended to the other regions of Pernambuco showing similar climatic conditions to the values used of the stations worked. The kriging of monthly and annual insolation data and the low and high sunshine months served to compose the spatial distribution maps being an alternative to generate reliable estimates with maps of greater representativity.
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Marra, F. "Cumulated insolation: a simple explanation of Milankovitch's forcing on climate changes." Climate of the Past Discussions 9, no. 5 (October 2, 2013): 5553–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-9-5553-2013.
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Abstract. The occurrence of the sudden melting of the ice sheets during the glacial terminations is explained in this paper as the consequence of the combined role of the minima and the maxima of mean summer insolation on the Northern Hemisphere, providing a new contribution to understand the mechanisms ruling glacial forcing. Indeed, no satisfactory answer has been provided so far to the question why one specific maximum, after a series of consecutive maxima of insolation, has the potentiality to trigger a deglaciation. The explanation proposed in this paper accounts for a pre-conditioning factor, represented by "mild" (warmer) minimum, followed by a sufficiently warm maximum as the conditions that cause the end of a glacial cycle. These conditions are realized whenever the sum of the values of each consecutive minima and maxima ("cumulated insolation") on the curve of mean summer insolation at 65° N exceeds 742 Watt m−2. The comparison of the succession of these cumulated insolation values with the astronomically tuned Oxygen isotopes record provides a satisfactory match with the occurrence of all the glacial terminations in the last 800 ka.
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Adhikari, Krishna R., Shekhar Gurung, and Binod K. Bhattarai. "Solar Energy Potential in Nepal and Global Context." Journal of the Institute of Engineering 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2014): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v9i1.10675.
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Solar radiation is the best option and cost effective energy resources of this world from 21st century onwards. In this study monthly, seasonal and annual variation of global solar insolation at Biratnagar, Lukla, Kathmandu, Pokhara, of the year 2007 to 2012, Jumla of the year 2011 to 2012 and Simikot 2011/2012 were carried out. The study has shown the variation of global solar insolation with month, season, year, atmospheric condition, and altitude of the site concerned. The maximum value of monthly, seasonal, and yearly global solar insolation was reported at Jumla whereas the minimum monthly, seasonal, and yearly global solar insolation were observed at Kathmandu. From the observation the abundant solar irradiation in Nepal shows encouraging atmosphere for solar farming venture in near future relating to energy management for Nepal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v9i1.10675Journal of the Institute of Engineering, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 95–106
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Dvoretsky, Alexander T., Alexei A. Zavaliy, Alexander V. Spiridonov, and Igor L. Shubin. "Estimation of Insolation of the Mirror Hall of a Unique Building." Light & Engineering, no. 04-2022 (August 2022): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2021-112.
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For studying of insolation of architectural objects with mirror walls, reflected solar radiation shall be accounted for. Most ways of insolation duration estimation are based on geometry of visible solar path, namely the geometrical model of the process of insolation of a point of Earth surface. This model is the daily cone of sunrays. At the same time, there is a daily cone of reflected sunrays in a point of a reflective surface. Using this model, insolation of a mirror reception hall in a unique building in the Russian South was studied. Geometric modelling has shown that on the floor of the hall of mirrors in some areas there is an addition of three reflected from the faces and the corresponding direct beams of solar radiation. The shots made by means of the thermal camera testo 882 have confirmed reliability of the proposed geometrical model.
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Hsu, Yang-Hui, Chia Chou, and Kuo-Yen Wei. "Land–Ocean Asymmetry of Tropical Precipitation Changes in the Mid-Holocene." Journal of Climate 23, no. 15 (August 1, 2010): 4133–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jcli3392.1.
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Abstract A series of model experiments were conducted using an intermediate ocean–atmosphere–land model for a better understanding of a distinct land–sea asymmetry in tropical precipitation differences between the mid-Holocene and preindustrial climates. In austral (boreal) summer, most reduced (enhanced) precipitation occurs over continental convective regions, while most enhanced (reduced) precipitation occurs over oceanic convection zones. This land–sea asymmetry of tropical precipitation is particularly clear in austral summer. During the mid-Holocene, the solar forcing presents both spatial and seasonal asymmetric patterns. While the boreal summer insolation is stronger at high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere in the mid-Holocene than at present, the austral summer insolation is weaker with a more spatially symmetric distribution about the equator. Because of the slow response time of the ocean to forcing, the direct insolation forcing of the current season is cancelled by the ocean memory of an earlier insolation forcing, which in the case of the mid-Holocene is opposite to the current season insolation forcing. As a result, tropical sea surface temperature variation, as well as the tropical atmospheric temperature and moisture changes, is small, which gives rise to a different precipitation response from under the condition of stronger atmospheric temperature and moisture changes, such as in the case of postindustrial global warming induced by an increased concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases. Thus, the cancellation between the direct and memory effects of the seasonally asymmetric insolation forcing leaves the net energy into the atmosphere to be responsible for the land–sea asymmetry of tropical precipitation changes.
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Dobrovolskis, Anthony R. "On a planet's annual mean insolation." Icarus 363 (July 2021): 114297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114297.
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Zhang, Peng, Hirotaka Takano, and Junichi Murata. "Error Estimation of Solar Insolation Forecasts." IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy 134, no. 4 (2014): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejpes.134.367.
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Hamilton, Bryan T., and Erika M. Nowak. "Relationships between Insolation and Rattlesnake Hibernacula." Western North American Naturalist 69, no. 3 (September 2009): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3398/064.069.0305.
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Germanova, Tatiana, Natalya Bessonova, and Irina Davydova. "Assessment of insolation at a playground." MATEC Web of Conferences 106 (2017): 01029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201710601029.
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TOKUDA, Shinobu, Harsono Hadi, and Slamet Rahardjo. "259 Insolation Fluctuation on Photovoltaic System." Proceedings of Yamanashi District Conference 2004 (2004): 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeyamanashi.2004.51.
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Raja, I. A., and J. W. Twidell. "Distribution of global insolation over Pakistan." Solar Energy 43, no. 6 (1989): 355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-092x(89)90106-0.
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