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Academic literature on the topic 'Insertion elements'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Insertion elements"

1

Olmeda-López, Héctor, Andrés Corral-Lugo, and Michael J. McConnell. "Effect of Subinhibitory Concentrations of Antibiotics and Disinfectants on ISAba-Mediated Inactivation of Lipooligosaccharide Biosynthesis Genes in Acinetobacter baumannii." Antibiotics 10, no. 10 (October 16, 2021): 1259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10101259.

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Inactivation of the lipooligosaccharide (LOS) biosynthesis genes lpxA, lpxC and lpxD by ISAba insertion elements results in high-level resistance to colistin in A. baumannii. In the present study, we quantify the rate of spontaneous insertional inactivation of LOS biosynthesis genes by ISAba elements in the ATCC 19606-type strain and two multidrug clinical isolates. Using insertional inactivation of lpxC by ISAba11 in the ATCC 19606 strain as a model, we determine the effect of several subinhibitory concentrations of the antibiotics, namely tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, kanamycin and rifampicin, as well as the disinfectants ethanol and chlorhexidine on ISAba11 insertion frequencies. Notably, subinhibitory concentrations of tetracycline significantly increased ISAba11 insertion, and rifampicin completely inhibited the emergence of colistin resistance due to ISAba11 inactivation of lpxC. Sequencing of ISAba11 insertion sites within the lpxC gene demonstrated that insertions clustered between nucleotides 382 and 618 (58.3% of unique insertions detected), indicating that this may be a hotspot for ISAba11 insertion. The alignment of insertion sites revealed a semi-conserved AT-rich consensus sequence upstream of the ISAba11 insertion site, suggesting that ISAba11 insertion sites may be sequence-dependent. This study explores previously uncharacterized aspects regarding the acquisition of colistin resistance through insertional activation in LOS biosynthesis genes in A. baumannii.

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Vieira, C., and C. Biémont. "Selection against transposable elements in D. simulans and D. melanogaster." Genetical Research 68, no. 1 (August 1996): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300033838.

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SummaryThe insertion site numbers of the transposable elements (TEs) copia, mdgl, 412 and gypsy were determined in various natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans by in situ hybridization. We showed that, while all elements except gypsy had many insertion sites scattered over the chromosomes in D. melanogaster, only the 412 element in D. simulans presented a high number of insertions, and this number was lower than in D. melanogaster. This low 412 site number per genome in D. simulans was associated with a lower proportion of insertions on the X chromosome in comparison with D. melanogaster, as determined in diploid genomes (0·090 for D. simulans against 0·137 for D. melanogaster) and in haploid genomes (0·102 against 0·146), each value being, moreover, lower than the value of 0·20 expected on the hypothesis of no selection against insertional mutations. These results suggest that selection is a major mechanism explaining 412 copy number regulation in Drosophila, and is stronger in D. simulans than in D. melanogaster.

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Hoogland, Christine, and Christian Biémont. "Chromosomal Distribution of Transposable Elements in Drosophila melanogaster Test of the Ectopic Recombination Model for Maintenance of Insertion Site Number." Genetics 144, no. 1 (September 1, 1996): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/144.1.197.

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Abstract Data of insertion site localization and site occupancy frequency of P, hobo, I, copia, mdg1, mdg3, 412, 297, and roo transposable elements (TEs) on the polytene chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster were extracted from the literature. We show that TE insertion site number per chromosomal division was significantly correlated with the amount of DNA. The insertion site number weighted by DNA content was not correlated with recombination rate for all TEs except hobo, for which a positive correlation was detected. No global tendency emerged in the relationship between TE site occupancy frequency, weighted by DNA content, and recombination rate; a strong negative correlation was, however, found for the 3L arm. A possible dominant deleterious effect of chromosomal rearrangements due to recombination between TE insertions is thus not the main factor explaining the dynamics of TEs, since this hypothesis implies a negative relationship between recombination rate and both TE insertion site number and site occupancy frequency. The alternative hypothesis of selection against deleterious effects of insertional mutations is discussed.

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Carlson, Corey M., Adam J. Dupuy, Sabine Fritz, Kevin J. Roberg-Perez, Colin F. Fletcher, and David A. Largaespada. "Transposon Mutagenesis of the Mouse Germline." Genetics 165, no. 1 (September 1, 2003): 243–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/165.1.243.

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Abstract Sleeping Beauty is a synthetic “cut-and-paste” transposon of the Tc1/mariner class. The Sleeping Beauty transposase (SB) was constructed on the basis of a consensus sequence obtained from an alignment of 12 remnant elements cloned from the genomes of eight different fish species. Transposition of Sleeping Beauty elements has been observed in cultured cells, hepatocytes of adult mice, one-cell mouse embryos, and the germline of mice. SB has potential as a random germline insertional mutagen useful for in vivo gene trapping in mice. Previous work in our lab has demonstrated transposition in the male germline of mice and transmission of novel inserted transposons in offspring. To determine sequence preferences and mutagenicity of SB-mediated transposition, we cloned and analyzed 44 gene-trap transposon insertion sites from a panel of 30 mice. The distribution and sequence content flanking these cloned insertion sites was compared to 44 mock insertion sites randomly selected from the genome. We find that germline SB transposon insertion sites are AT-rich and the sequence ANNTANNT is favored compared to other TA dinucleotides. Local transposition occurs with insertions closely linked to the donor site roughly one-third of the time. We find that ∼27% of the transposon insertions are in transcription units. Finally, we characterize an embryonic lethal mutation caused by endogenous splicing disruption in mice carrying a particular intron-inserted gene-trap transposon.

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Hesselbarth, Judith, Christiane Werckenthin, Babett Liebisch, and S. Schwarz. "Insertion elements in Staphylococcus intermedius." Letters in Applied Microbiology 20, no. 3 (March 1995): 180–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765x.1995.tb00421.x.

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LADEVEZE, VERONIQUE, IBO GALINDO, NICOLE CHAMINADE, LUIS PASCUAL, GEORGES PERIQUET, and FRANCOISE LEMEUNIER. "Transmission pattern of hobo transposable element in transgenic lines of Drosophila melanogaster." Genetical Research 71, no. 2 (April 1998): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672398003127.

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This study is an attempt to trace the fate of hobo elements in the genomes of E strains of Drosophila melanogaster that have been transfected with pHFL1, a plasmid containing an autonomous hobo. Such long-term population studies (over 105 generations) could be very useful for better understanding the population and genomic dynamics of transposable elements and their pattern of insertions. Molecular analyses of hobo elements in the transfected lines were performed using Southern blots of XhoI-digested genomic DNAs. The complete element was observed in all six injected lines. In two lines we observed, at generation 100, two deleted elements, which did not correspond to Th1 and Th2. The results obtained by the in situ method show that the number of hybridization sites increases in each line and prove that the hobo element may be amplified in an RM genome. The hobo activity does not seem to be systematically correlated with the number of hobo elements. After generation 85, the evolution of the hobo element's insertion site number depends on the injected line. In all lines, the total number of insertions remains quite small, between 0 and 11. Hobo elements are located on each of the chromosomal arms. We describe ‘hotspots’ – insertion sites present in all lines and in all generations. On the 3R arm, a short inversion appeared once at generation 85.

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Appelt, Jens U., Frank A. Giordano, Marcel Zimmermann, Stephan Weinhard, Nadja Grund, Agnes Hotz-Wagenblatt, W. Jens Zeller, Heike Allgayer, Stefan Fruehauf, and Stephanie Laufs. "Genes Involved in Acute Leukemias Are Favored Targets of HIV Vector Integration." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 3738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3738.3738.

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Abstract Insertional mutagenesis and development of leukemia following retroviral gene therapy has created intense interest in assessing the safety of viral vectors for further gene therapy trials. Using the gtsg.org database we analyzed more than 14,900 different viral integration sites of ASLV, FIV, FV, HIV, MLV and SIV based vectors in terms of insertions into fragile sites, cancer genes, transcription factor binding sites, CpG islands, and repetitive elements (SINE, LINE, LTR elements). When we compared these data with our newly generated random set, containing 1,000,000 random integrations, we discovered that the gene density on fragile sites strongly correlates to the HIV vector insertion frequency. Furthermore, we report a up to a five fold increased frequency of HIV, MLV and SIV insertions in cancer genes. The majority of cancer genes preferentially hit by HIV viruses were found associated to acute leukemias, while MLV and SIV vector insertion sites are seen more evenly spread over the cancer gene repertoire. When analyzing different cell entities, it turned out that CD34+ hematopoetic stem cells had highest rates of intragenic insertions and hosted significantly more HIV and FV insertions in cancer genes than other cell types, such as HeLa, T cells, 293T cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, or SupT1 cells.

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Vincent, A., and T. D. Petes. "Mitotic and meiotic gene conversion of Ty elements and other insertions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 122, no. 4 (August 1, 1989): 759–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/122.4.759.

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Abstract We examined meiotic and mitotic gene conversion events involved in deletion of Ty elements and other insertions from the genome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that Ty elements and one other insertion were deleted by mitotic gene conversion less frequently than point mutations at the same loci. One non-Ty insertion similar in size to Ty, however, did not show this bias. Mitotic conversion events deleting insertions were more frequently associated with crossing over than those deleting point mutations. In meiosis, conversion events duplicating the element were more common than those that deleted the element for one of the loci (HIS4) examined.

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Haandrikman, A. J., C. van Leeuwen, J. Kok, P. Vos, W. M. de Vos, and G. Venema. "Insertion elements on lactococcal proteinase plasmids." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 56, no. 6 (1990): 1890–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.56.6.1890-1896.1990.

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Aigner, Martin, and Douglas B. West. "Sorting by insertion of leading elements." Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A 45, no. 2 (July 1987): 306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0097-3165(87)90022-7.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Insertion elements"

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Lyons, Richard. "Building elements of low sound insertion loss." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240349.

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Jeong, Eun-Lee. "Insertion sequence elements in Ralstonia solanacearum : roles in genomic heterogeneity /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phj548.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Molecular Biosciences, 2001?
Copy of author's previously published article inserted. Errata sheet attached to front cover. Includes bibliographical references (14 p.).

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Linheiro, Raquel. "Computational analysis of transposable element target site preferences in Drosophila melanogaster." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/computational-analysis-of-transposable-element-target-site-preferences-in-drosophila-melanogaster(33ac0a41-2fbd-4974-b6b6-db4e1e48a7b0).html.

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Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile DNA sequences that are a source of mutations and can target specific sites in host genome. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of TE target site preferences is a fundamental challenge in functional and evolutionary genomics. Here we used accurately mapped TE insertions in the Drosophila melanogaster genome, from large-scale gene disruption and resequencing projects, to better understand TE insertion site mechanisms. First we test predictions of the palindromic target site model for DNA transposon insertion using artificially generated P-element insertions. We provide evidence that the P-element targets a 14 bp palindromic motif that can be identified at the primary sequence level that differs significantly from random base composition in the D. melanogaster genome. This sequence also predicts local spacing, hotspots and strand orientation of P-element insertions. Next, we combine artificial P-element insertions with data from genome- wide studies on sequence properties of promoter regions, in an attempt to decode the genomic factors associated with P-element promoter targeting. Our results indicate that the P-element insertions are affected by nucleosome positioning and the presence of chromatin marks made by the Polycomb and trithorax protein groups. We provide the first genome-wide study which shows that core promoter architecture and chromatin structure impact P-element target preferences shedding light on the nuclear processes that influence its pattern of TE insertions across the D. melanogaster genome. In an effort to understand the natural insertion preferences of a wide range of TEs, we then used genome resequencing data to identify insertions sites not present in the reference strain. We found that both Illumina and 454 sequencing platforms showed consistent results in terms of target site duplication (TSD) and target site motif (TSM) discovery. We found that TSMs typically extend the TSD and are palindromic for both DNA and LTR elements with a variable center that depends on the length of the TSD. Additionally, we found that TEs from the same subclass present similar TSDs and TSMs. Finally, by correlating results on P-element insertion sites from natural strains with gene disruption experiments, we show that there is an overlap in target site preferences between artificial and natural insertion events and that P-element targeting of promoter regions of genes is a natural characteristic of this element that is influenced by the same features has the artificially generated insertions. Together, the results presented in this thesis provide important new findings about the target preferences of TEs in one of the best-studied and most important model organisms, and provide a platform for understanding target site preferences of TEs in other species using genomic data.

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Raghavan, Rahul. "Mobile genetic elements in coxiella burnetii friends, foes or just indifferent? /." [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-12092008-141715/unrestricted/umi-umt-1105.pdf.

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Zampicinini, GianPaolo. "Insertional polymorphism of four transposable elements in European populations of chironomus riparius (Diptera Chironomidae) as detected by transposon insertion Display." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10014.

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Le moustique Chironomus riparius est présent dans toute la région Paléarctique, et il est bien caracterisé au niveau morphologique et cytogénétique. Les connaissances sur la variabilité génétique de cette éspèce sont cependant très reduites. Ici nous décrivons le polymorphisme, chez six populations naturelles, des sites d'insertion de quatre éléments transposables (CTRT, MEC, NLRCth1, TFB1) au moyen d'une technique TID (Transposon Insertion Display) derivée de la technique S-SAP (Sequence -Specific Amplification Polymorphism) et aussi de l'AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism). La seule étude sur le polymorphisme alloenzymatique faite sur cette espèce a decelé une differenciation très rèduite entre des populations de Russie. Nos resultats indiquent que tous les amplicons identifiés sont polymorphes. Le degré de différenciation entre individus au sein de chaque population est d'un ordre de grandeur plus élevé que la différenciation parmi les populations. Néanmoins, la valeur de st est significative (P< 0. 001): cela suggère que les populations sont génétiquement plus differenciées entre-elles qu'un échantillon aléatoire d'individus

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Shor, Ofir. "Adaptive insertion of cohesive elements for simulation of delamination in laminated composite materials." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/59338.

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Composite materials are increasingly being used in advanced structural ap- plications. Debonding of adjacent laminate layers, also known as delamination, is considered to be one of the most dominant damage mechanisms affecting the behavior of composite laminates. Various numerical methods for simulating delamination in composite materials do exist, but they are generally limited to small-scale structures due to their complexity and high numerical cost. In this thesis, a novel technique aimed to allow efficient simulation of delamination in large-scale laminated composite structures is presented. During the transient analysis, continuum elements within regions where delamination has the potential to initiate are adaptively split through their thickness into two shell elements sandwiching a cohesive element. By elimi- nating the a priori requirement to implant cohesive elements at all possible spatial locations, the computational efforts are reduced, thus lending the method suitable for treatment of practical size structures. The methodol- ogy, called the local cohesive zone method (LCZ), is verified here through its application to Mode-I, Mode-II and Mixed-Mode loading conditions, and is validated using a dynamic tube-crushing loading case and plate impact events. Good agreement between the numerical results and the available experimental data is obtained. The results obtained using the LCZ method are compared favourably with the numerical results obtained using the con- ventional cohesive zone method (CZM). The numerical performance of the method and its efficiency is investi- gated. The efficiency of the method was found to be superior compared to that of the conventional CZM, and was found to increase with increasing model size. The LCZ method is shown to have a lower effect on reducing the structural stiffness of the structure, compared to the conventional CZM. The results obtained from the application of the LCZ method to the various cases tested are encouraging, and prove that the local and adaptive insertion of cohesive zones into a finite element mesh can effectively capture the delamination crack propagation in laminated composite structures. It is expected that further improvements in speed and accuracy will be attained once the algorithm is embedded within commercial finite element solvers as a built-in feature.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Graduate

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Harris, Linda Janice. "Characterization of the Caenorhabditis elegans var. Bristol (strain N2) Tc1 elements and related transposable elements in Caenorhabditis briggsae." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28838.

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The regulation and evolution of the inverted repeat transposable element Tel, found in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, was studied. The stability of Tel elements in the N2 strain genome was investigated by cloning seventeen N2 Tel elements. To examine their structural integrity, sixteen cloned N2 Tel elements were restriction mapped and, in the case of some variants, their DNA was partially sequenced. Two restriction site variants, Tcl(Eco).12 and Tcl(Hpa-).9, were found. Tel(1.5).10b had lost 89 bp from one end, while Tcl(1.7).28 contained a 55 bp insertion. Two additional elements, Tcl(0.9).2 and Tcl(0.9).14, had different internal deletions. Each element was about 900 bp in length. The majority of Tel elements cloned from the N2 strain were found to have identical restriction maps. Somatic excision of Tel elements in the N2 genome was demonstrated. Tel elements in N2 are apparently both structurally and functionally intact. Nevertheless, mobilization of Tel elements in the N2 germline is restricted. Two new transposable element families, Barney (also known as TCbl) and TCb2, were discovered in a closely related nematode, Caenorhabditis briggsae due to Tel identity. These two families, distinguished through differential inter-element hybridization, showed multiple banding differences between strains. The open reading frames (ORFs) of Tel and Barney share 71% DNA sequence and 74% amino acid sequence identity. The putative terminus of Barney exhibits 68% identity with the 54 bp terminal repeat of Tel. Partial sequencing of TCb2 revealed that its ORF is equally diverged from Barney and Tel. The basis of the sequence heterogeneity observed in the C. briggsae transposons and not in the C. elegans transposons could be due to either horizontal transfer or alternate paths of divergence. Significant sequence identity was found between Tel, Barney, and HB1 (a transposable element from Drosophila melanogaster) within their coding regions and terminal repeats. These sequence similarities define a subclass of inverted repeat transposable elements inhabiting two different phylla, Arthropoda and Nematoda.
Medicine, Faculty of
Medical Genetics, Department of
Graduate

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Edwards, Richard John. "The role of transient insertion mutations in the evolution and maintenance of bacterial transposable elements." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394867.

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Fobert, Pierre R. (Pierre Rheal) Carleton University Dissertation Biology. "Characterization of chromosomal sites of T-DNA integration by activation of a promoterless B-glucuronidase (GUS) gene linked to the T-DNA right border repeat." Ottawa, 1992.

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Bhangale, Tushar. "Small insertion-deletion polymorphisms in the human genome : characterization and automation of detection by resequencing /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8044.

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Books on the topic "Insertion elements"

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Barbara, McClintock. The discovery and characterization of transposable elements: The collected papers of Barbara McClintock. New York: Garland Pub., 1987.

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Wisconsin-Madison), International Symposium on Plant Transposable Elements (1987 University of. Plant transposable elements. New York: Plenum Press, 1988.

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Mobile DNA: Finding treasure in junk. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: FT Press, 2011.

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Richter, Grace Yukiko. Molecular characterization of specificity and activity of the transposable element IS801. 1995.

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H, Saedler, and Gierl A, eds. Transposable elements. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1996.

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E, Lambert Michael, McDonald John F. 1947-, Weinstein I. Bernard, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, and Abbott Laboratories, eds. Eukaryotic transposable elements as mutagenic agents. Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1988.

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Sniegowski, Paul D. Transposable elements and polymorphic inversions in Drosophila melanogaster. 1993.

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Lambert, Michael E., and John F. McDonald. Eukaryotic Transposable Elements As Mutagenic Agents (Banbury Report) (Banbury Report). Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Pr, 1988.

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Capy, Pierre, Thierry Langin, Dominique Anxolabehere, and Claude Bazin. Dynamics and Evolution of Transposable Elements. International Thomson Publishing Services, 1998.

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Plant Transposable Elements Topics in Current Genetics. Springer, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Insertion elements"

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Galun, Esra. "Bacterial Insertion Sequences." In Transposable Elements, 25–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3582-7_3.

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Ohtsubo, E., and Y. Sekine. "Bacterial Insertion Sequences." In Transposable Elements, 1–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79795-8_1.

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Groza, Cristian, Guillaume Bourque, and Clément Goubert. "A Pangenome Approach to Detect and Genotype TE Insertion Polymorphisms." In Transposable Elements, 85–94. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2883-6_5.

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Jiang, Ning, Sofia Visa, Shan Wu, and Esther van der Knaap. "Rider Transposon Insertion and Phenotypic Change in Tomato." In Plant Transposable Elements, 297–312. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31842-9_15.

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Weber, Vivien Marie, Aurélien J. Doucet, and Gael Cristofari. "Precise and Scarless Insertion of Transposable Elements by Cas9-Mediated Genome Engineering." In Transposable Elements, 329–53. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2883-6_15.

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Pfeifer, Felicitas, Mary Horne, Christoph Englert, and Ulrike Blaseio. "Insertion Elements Affecting Gas Vacuole Gene Expression in Halobacterium Halobium." In General and Applied Aspects of Halophilic Microorganisms, 285–93. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3730-4_35.

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Iida, Shigeru. "Insertion Elements which can Generate Target Duplications of Variable Length." In Plant Molecular Biology, 648. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7598-6_82.

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Suoniemi, Annu, Dagmar Schmidt, and Alan H. Schulman. "BARE-1 insertion site preferences and evolutionary conservation of RNA and cDNA processing sites." In Evolution and Impact of Transposable Elements, 219–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4898-6_22.

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Solomin, Leonid Nikolaevich, Maxim Vasil’evich Andrianov, Roman Nikolaevich Inyushin, Dmitry Alexandrovich Mykalo, and Pavel Nikolaevich Kulesh. "Method for the Definition of “Reference Positions” for the Insertion of Transosseous Elements." In The Basic Principles of External Skeletal Fixation Using the Ilizarov and Other Devices, 1519–30. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2619-3_35.

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Bujard, Hermann, Dietrich Stueber, Reiner Gentz, Ulrich Deuschle, and Ursula Peschke. "Insertion of Transcriptional Elements Outside the Replication Region can Interfere with Replication, Maintenance, and Stability of ColE1-Derived Plasmids." In Plasmids in Bacteria, 45–52. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2447-8_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Insertion elements"

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Kuzay, Tuncer M., and Gordon S. Knapp. "Exploratory Heat Transfer Studies On Critical Elements Of A Proposed 6 GeV Synchrotron." In International Conference on Insertion Devices for Synchrotron Sources, edited by Ingolf E. Lindau and Roman O. Tatchyn. SPIE, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.950934.

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Babaei, Ebrahim, Smko Golabi, Jafar Jafarzadeh, and Zaniyar Golabi. "Comprehensive analysis of insertion elements in circuit breaker to reduce switching overvoltages." In 2011 24th IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccece.2011.6030446.

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BUENO, CRISTIANE, and MÁRCIO MINTO FABRICIO. "METHODOLOGICAL DISCUSSION OF INSERTION AND EXPORTATION OF LCA DATA EMBEDDED IN BIM ELEMENTS." In BIM 2017. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/bim170101.

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Luscher, Anthony F. "An Investigation Into the Performance of Cantilever Hook Type Integral Attachment Features." In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/dac-1127.

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Abstract Cantilever hook features are commonly molded into plastic parts as a inexpensive method of assembling several parts without separate fasteners. Insertion force, insertion dynamic strain, and retention force represent the critical performance data needed to design a cantilever hook for given loading conditions. This paper explores the performance of this feature under both insertion and retention using numerical and experimental methods. A finite element model using contact and friction surface elements was used to simulate the actual insertion and retention processes of hooks. The design space for a hook was explored by using a design of experiments approach. Sensitivity information was obtained by tabulating main effects and interactions. For the goal of minimizing insertion force and maximizing retention strength, a balanced design was found which was sensitive to differing factors. Based on this data, generalized design rules for designing hooks were formulated.

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Sujan, Vivek A. "Visually Guided Object Insertion by Cooperative Robots in Unstructured Environments." In ASME 2004 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2004-57035.

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In field environments it is not usually possible to provide robots in advance with valid geometric models of its environment and task element locations. The robot or robot teams need to create and use these models to locate critical task elements by performing appropriate sensor based actions. Here, an information-based iterative algorithm to intelligently plan the robot’s visual exploration strategy is proposed to enable it to efficiently build 3D models of its environment and task elements. The method assumes mobile robot or vehicle with cameras carried by articulated mounts. The algorithm uses the measured scene information to find the next camera position based on expected new information content of that pose. This is achieved by utilizing a metric derived from Shannon’s information theory to determine optimal sensing poses for the agent(s) mapping a highly unstructured environment. Once an appropriate environment model has been built, the quality of the information content in the model is used to determine the constraint-based optimum view for task execution. Experimental demonstrations on a cooperative robot platform performing an assembly task in the field show the effectiveness of this algorithm for single and multiple cooperating robotic systems.

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Gervasio, Daniel Teixeira, Erlon Castro Rodrigues, and Carlos Eduardo Celia de Lima. "Cylinder head valve seats insertion simulation using finite elements non linear dynamic explicit method." In SAE Brasil 2010 Congress and Exhibit. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2010-36-0095.

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Zhong, Ailing, Daniel Dousek, Dmytro Suslov, Stanislav Zvánovec, Eric Numkam Fokoua, Francesco Poletti, David J. Richardson, Radan Slavík, and Matěj Komanec. "Hollow-core to standard fiber interconnection with customized air-gap distance." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2022.jth3a.16.

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By modifying the design of the interconnection between standard and hollow-core fibers, we achieved low insertion loss while creating a gap in between. This will allow for insertion of thin optical elements such as filters.

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Yates, Don, and Alley Butler. "Estimating Technology Insertion Risk Using Fuzzy Logic." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/cie-21249.

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Abstract Technology insertion into an existing system or subsystem requires careful planning and evaluation. Because the technology is new, there is often limited information upon which to base decisions. Further, decisions about technology insertion are typically made in the very early stages of a project when detailed information is sparse. Under these circumstances, the available information is typically linguistic, and fuzzy methods can be used to significant advantage in this environment. The implementation discussed in this paper employs an Excel spread sheet for user interface, and it employs COTS (Commercial Off the Shelf Technology) software for an inference engine. Heuristic based models are developed to evaluate risk in technology insertion. Risk elements include: budget risk, schedule risk, and performance risk. Results with an example problem are described to illustrate the fuzzy logic method, and conclusions are drawn regarding the advantages of this technique.

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Furcas, Paola, Rosanna Pastorelli, Giulia Salmini, and Massimo Vanzi. "High Power Testing of Optical Connectors." In ISTFA 2002. ASM International, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2002p0439.

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Abstract High optical power is considered as the source of failures in passive optical elements. Optical connectors, in particular, have been studied because of the unavoidable exposure of their optical interfaces to environmental issues during insertion and extraction. Cleaning and insertion/extraction procedures are investigated. Evidence for burn-out, depending on the different procedures, calls for new suitable rules for handling during equipment operation and testing.

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Byam, Brooks P., and Clark J. Radcliffe. "Direct-Insertion Realization of Linear Modular Models of Engineering Systems Using Fixed Input-Output Structure." In ASME 2000 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2000/dac-14236.

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Abstract Computer modeling of engineering systems with a large number of interconnected multi degree of freedom (DOF) subsystems requires flexible modeling tools. Flexible modeling tools with arbitrary input-output structure formulate equations to fit the input-output structure of specific engineering systems at the cost of globally reformulating equations with every model change. Each equation formulation requires experimental performance verification. This can be particularly cumbersome in the design, development, and refinement of large models. In previous work Byam and Radcliffe designed modular modeling, a flexible modeling method that eliminates equation reformulation and enhances model experimental performance verification in large models. A fixed input-output structure for all multi DOF modular modeling elements eliminates equation reformulation. The cost is a connector constraint to assemble elements, thereby adding complexity to the global model. Solving linear modular models is a systematic realization of compatible standardized modular elements and connectors. In this work, a modular solution to linear models of engineering systems is defined. Structural and automotive examples are given.

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Reports on the topic "Insertion elements"

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Hackett, Kevin, Shlomo Rottem, David L. Williamson, and Meir Klein. Spiroplasmas as Biological Control Agents of Insect Pests. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613017.bard.

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Toward development of spiroplasmas as novel toxin-delivery systems for biocontrol of beetle pests in the United States (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) and Israel (Maladera matrida), media for cultivating beetle-associated spiroplasmas were improved and surveys of these spiroplasmas were conducted to provide transformable strains. Extensive surveys of spiroplasmas yielded promising extrachromosomal elements for vector constructs. One, plasmid pCT-1, was cloned, characterized, and used as a source of spiroplasma origin of replication in our shuttle vectors. The fibrillin gene was isolated and sequenced and its strong promoter was also used in the constructs. Means for transforming these vectors into spiroplasmas were developed and optimized, with electroporation found to be suitable for most applications. Development and optimization of means for using large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) in spiroplasma transformation represents a breakthrough that should facilitate insertion of large clusters of virulence genes. With completion of the vector, we should thus be poised to genetically engineer spiroplasmas with genes that will express toxins lethal to our target beetles, thus providing an effective and inexpensive alternative to conventional means of beetle control.

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Author, Not Given. Lattice Element Error Solver for Modeling of Accelerators, Storage Ring, Transport Systems, and Insertion Devices. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1484272.

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Cortiñas-Rovira, S., and B. Salvador-Mata. Pseudociencia y sociedad en España. Sociedad Latina de Comunicación Social, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/cac179.

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Pseudociencia y sociedad en España. Estado de la cuestión e investigaciones recientes analyses the communicative strategies that pseudoscience uses for its social ex-pansion. This work begins with the definition of an epistemological framework that allows us to understand the phenomenon of pseudoscience and its rela-tionship with the main factors of contemporary society, such as relativism and liquidity. As a consequence of the postmodern condition, absolute certainties vanish and the possibility of not only ignoring science but even denying it be-comes real. In this sense, one of the main theses of this work is that the over-informed, postmodern and liquid society favours the expansion of pseudo-scientific discourses. Spain, like most countries, is no stranger to this expan-sion. To confirm this hypothesis, different social groups have been analysed to a) identify the degree of insertion of pseudoscience in these contexts; b) describe and categorise the communicative elements present in pseudoscien-tific discourses; and c) propose lines of action to limit the rise of these dis-courses. The present research has covered science journalists, literature, libraries, universities and different representatives of the biomedical field, such as pharmacists and healthcare professionals. Mixed methodologies have been applied: in-depth interviews to identify discursive patterns, content analysis, data analysis, and focus groups. Among the main conclusions, the followings stand out: 1) Pseudoscience uses fallacy, relativism, emotional reinforcement, opposition to a supposed dogmatic concept of science, antiquity, holistic or naturalistic arguments, among others to expand. 2) Pseudoscience normalizes its social discourse through its appearance in different contexts, in some cases openly, and in others in a discourse of risk minimization that favours its nor-malization as something innocuous. As a whole, the pseudoscientific discourse represents a challenge for scientific communication that must be addressed using all the communicative tools available.

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Assoufid, L., W. K. Lee, and D. M. Mills. A finite element analysis of room temperature silicon crystals for the Advanced Photon Source bending-magnet and insertion-device beams. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10105457.

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Xu, Jin-Rong, and Amir Sharon. Comparative studies of fungal pathogeneses in two hemibiotrophs: Magnaporthe grisea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. United States Department of Agriculture, May 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7695585.bard.

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Plant pathogenic fungi have various life styles and different plant infection strategies. Hemibiotrophs like Magnaporthe grisea and Colletotrichum species develop specialized structures during plant infection. The goal of this study was to identify, characterize, and compare genes required for plant infection in M. grisea and C. gloeosporioides. Specific objectives are to: 1) further characterize genes identified in the preliminary studies of C. gloeosporioides and M. grisea;2) identify and characterize additional fungal genes tagged by GFP; and 3) identify in planta growth and appressorium-specific genes by subtractive hybridization and transcript profiling by the LongSAGE method. In this study, the PI and Co-PI collaborated closely on studies in M. grisea and C. gloeosporioides. In M. grisea, REMI and ATMT were used to transform the wildtype with promoter-less EGFP constructs. A total of 28 mutants defective in different plant infection processes or expressing EGFP during plant infection were identified. Genes disrupted in five selected mutants have been identified, including MG03295 that encodes a putative Rho GTPase. In transformant L1320, the transforming vector was inserted in the MIRI gene that encodes a nuclear protein. The expression of MIRI was highly induced during infection. Deletion and site-directed mutagenesis analyses were used to identify the promoter regions and elements that were essential for induced in planta expression of MIRI. This was the first detailed characterization of the promoter of an in planta gene in M. grisea and the MIRI promoter can be used to monitor infectious growth. In addition, the Agilent whole-genome array of M. grisea was used for microarray analyses with RNA samples from appressoria formed by the wild-type shain and the pmkl and mstl2 mutants. Over 200 genes were downregulated in the mst I 2 and pmkl mutants. Some of them are putative transcription factors that may regulate appressorium formation and infectious hyphal growth. In C. gloeosporioides, various REMI mutants showing different pathogenic behavior were identified and characterized. Mutants N3736 had a single insertion and was hyper-virulent. The gene disrupted in mutant3736 (named CgFMOI) encodes a FAD-dependent monooxygenase. Expression analyses linked the expression of the CgFMOI gene with the necrotrophic phase of fungal infection, and also suggest that expression of CgFMOl is unnecessary for the first stages of infection and for biotrophy establishment. All CgFMOl-silenced mutants had reduced virulence. In REMI mutant N159, the tagged gene encodes a putative copper transporter that is homologue of S. cerevisiae CTR2. In yeast, Ctr2 is a vacuolar transporter for moving copper from the vacuole to the cytoplasm. The gene was therefore termed CgCTR2. In addition to characterization of CgCTR2, we also conducted comparative analyses in M. grisea. The M. grisea CgCTR-2 homolog was isolated, knockout strains were generated and characterized and the M. grisea was used to complement the Nl 59 C. gloeosporioides mutant. Overall, we have accomplished most of proposed experiments and are in the process of organizing and publishing other data generated in this project. For objective 3, we used the microarray analysis approach. Several genes identified in this study are novel fungal virulence factors. They have the potential to be used as targets for developing more specific or effective fungicides. In the long run, comparative studies of fungal genes, such as our CgCTR2 work, may lead to better disease control strategies.

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Lindow, Steven, Yedidya Gafni, Shulamit Manulis, and Isaac Barash. Role and In situ Regulation of Growth Regulators Produced in Plant-Microbe Interactions by Erwinia herbicola. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1992.7561059.bard.

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The main objective of this work was to gain a better understanding of how some strains of Erwinia herbicola have evolved into serious plant pathogens while also commonly existing as epiphytes on the surface of healthy plants. The focus of our studies was to determine the nature of, and regulation, of virulence factors, including the phytohormones IAA and cytokinins, which are encoded on a large plasmid (pPATH) found in gall-forming strains of this species. In addition, the in situ regulation and contribution to epiphytic fitness of a second, chromosomal, IAA biosynthetic locus (ipdC) was determined to ascertain the relative contribution of the two redundant IAA-biosynthetic pathways to the biology of E. herbicola. Genes (pre-etz and etz) conferring production of cytokinins were clustered immediately 3' of the iaaM and iaaH genes conferring IAA boisynthesis on pPATH. A new insertion-like element, IS1327, was also found immediately 3' of etz on pPATH, suggesting that these virulence factors were all introduced onto pPATH from another pathogenic bacterium. Mutants of E. herbicola in which etz, iaaH, and iaaM, but not ipdC, were disrupted caused smaller galls to form on gypsophila plants. In contrast, ipdC but not iaaH or iaaM mutants of E. herbicola exhibited reduced ability to grow and survive on plant surfaces. Transcription of ipdC was induced when cells were on plants compared to in culture, suggesting that idpC may play a selective role in fitness on leaves.

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Epel, Bernard, and Roger Beachy. Mechanisms of intra- and intercellular targeting and movement of tobacco mosaic virus. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7695874.bard.

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To cause disease, plant viruses must replicate and spread locally and systemically within the host. Cell-to-cell virus spread is mediated by virus-encoded movement proteins (MPs), which modify the structure and function of plasmodesmata (Pd), trans-wall co-axial membranous tunnels that interconnect the cytoplasm of neighboring cells. Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) employ a single MP for cell- cell spread and for which CP is not required. The PIs, Beachy (USA) and Epel (Israel) and co-workers, developed new tools and approaches for study of the mechanism of spread of TMV that lead to a partial identification and molecular characterization of the cellular machinery involved in the trafficking process. Original research objectives: Based on our data and those of others, we proposed a working model of plant viral spread. Our model stated that MPᵀᴹⱽ, an integral ER membrane protein with its C-terminus exposed to the cytoplasm (Reichel and Beachy, 1998), alters the Pd SEL, causes the Pd cytoplasmic annulus to dilate (Wolf et al., 1989), allowing ER to glide through Pd and that this gliding is cytoskeleton mediated. The model claimed that in absence of MP, the ER in Pd (the desmotubule) is stationary, i.e. does not move through the Pd. Based on this model we designed a series of experiments to test the following questions: -Does MP potentiate ER movement through the Pd? - In the presence of MP, is there communication between adjacent cells via ER lumen? -Does MP potentiate the movement of cytoskeletal elements cell to cell? -Is MP required for cell-to-cell movement of ER membranes between cells in sink tissue? -Is the binding in situ of MP to RNA specific to vRNA sequences or is it nonspecific as measured in vitro? And if specific: -What sequences of RNA are involved in binding to MP? And finally, what host proteins are associated with MP during intracellular targeting to various subcellular targets and what if any post-translational modifications occur to MP, other than phosphorylation (Kawakami et al., 1999)? Major conclusions, solutions and achievements. A new quantitative tool was developed to measure the "coefficient of conductivity" of Pd to cytoplasmic soluble proteins. Employing this tool, we measured changes in Pd conductivity in epidermal cells of sink and source leaves of wild-type and transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana) plants expressing MPᵀᴹⱽ incubated both in dark and light and at 16 and 25 ᵒC (Liarzi and Epel, 2005 (appendix 1). To test our model we measured the effect of the presence of MP on cell-to-cell spread of a cytoplasmic fluorescent probe, of two ER intrinsic membrane protein-probes and two ER lumen protein-probes fused to GFP. The effect of a mutant virus that is incapable of cell-to-cell spread on the spread of these probes was also determined. Our data shows that MP reduces SEL for cytoplasmic molecules, dilates the desmotubule allowing cell-cell diffusion of proteins via the desmotubule lumen and reduces the rate of spread of the ER membrane probes. Replicase was shown to enhance cell-cell spread. The data are not in support of the proposed model and have led us to propose a new model for virus cell-cell spread: this model proposes that MP, an integral ER membrane protein, forms a MP:vRNAER complex and that this ER-membrane complex diffuses in the lipid milieu of the ER into the desmotubule (the ER within the Pd), and spreads cell to cell by simple diffusion in the ER/desmotubule membrane; the driving force for spread is the chemical potential gradient between an infected cell and contingent non-infected neighbors. Our data also suggests that the virus replicase has a function in altering the Pd conductivity. Transgenic plant lines that express the MP gene of the Cg tobamovirus fused to YFP under the control the ecdysone receptor and methoxyfenocide ligand were generated by the Beachy group and the expression pattern and the timing and targeting patterns were determined. A vector expressing this MPs was also developed for use by the Epel lab . The transgenic lines are being used to identify and isolate host genes that are required for cell-to-cell movement of TMV/tobamoviruses. This line is now being grown and to be employed in proteomic studies which will commence November 2005. T-DNA insertion mutagenesis is being developed to identify and isolate host genes required for cell-to-cell movement of TMV.

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BUCKLING BEHAVIOR OF A WHEEL COUPLER HIGH-FORMWORK SUPPORT SYSTEM BASED ON SEMI-RIGID CONNECTION JOINTS. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2022.18.1.1.

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To clarify the buckling behavior of a wheel coupler high-formwork support system with a diagonal bracing, the positive and negative bending behaviors of the connection joints of the support were systematically studied through experiments. Through a parametric analysis and a finite element analysis, a precise numerical model of the connection joints of the wheel coupler was established and verified. Based on the characteristics of the semi-rigid connections, the buckling behavior of the overall structure was analyzed. The results showed that the failure modes in the positive direction were correlated with the insertion depth of the socket into the template; the greater the depth, the more likely the socket was to fracture. The failure modes in the negative direction were closely related to the insertion depth and the bending of the vertical post. An appropriate joint density was conducive to the overall stability. In the presence of a lateral constraint at the top, the greater the angle between the diagonal bracing and the horizontal plane, the better the overall stability under the same joint density. The optimal layout of the vertical diagonal bracing was a 2-span, 4-step arrangement, and the optimal angle was in the range of 30–70°. In the absence of a lateral constraint at the top, the smaller the angle between the diagonal bracing and the horizontal plane, the better the overall stability under the same joint density. The optimal angle was approximately 30° when the lift height was moderate.

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