Relevant bibliographies by topics / Insects molecular taxonomy

Academic literature on the topic 'Insects molecular taxonomy'

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Published: 9 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Insects molecular taxonomy"

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Petitpierre, Eduard. "Molecular cytogenetics and taxonomy of insects, with particular reference to the coleoptera." International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 25, no. 1-2 (January 1996): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7322(95)00024-0.

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Kostygov, Alexei Y., Marina N. Malysheva, Anna I. Ganyukova, Alexey V. Razygraev, Daria O. Drachko, Vyacheslav Yurchenko, Vera V. Agasoi, and Alexander O. Frolov. "The Roles of Mosquitoes in the Circulation of Monoxenous Trypanosomatids in Temperate Climates." Pathogens 11, no. 11 (November 11, 2022): 1326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111326.

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Monoxenous (insect-restricted) trypanosomatids are highly diverse and abundant in nature. While many papers focus on the taxonomy and distribution of these parasites, studies on their biology are still scarce. In particular, this concerns trypanosomatids inhabiting the ubiquitous mosquitoes. To shed light on the circulation of monoxenous trypanosomatids with the participation of mosquitoes, we performed a multifaceted study combining the examination of naturally- and experimentally-infected insects using light and electron microscopy and molecular identification of parasites. Our examination of overwintering mosquitoes (genera Culex and Culiseta) revealed that their guts contained living trypanosomatids, which can be spread during the next season. Experimental infections with Crithidia spp. demonstrated that imagines represent permissive hosts, while larvae are resistant to these parasites. We argue that for the parasites with wide specificity, mosquitoes act as facultative hosts. Other trypanosomatids may have specific adaptations for vertical transmission in these insects at the expense of their potential to infect a wider range of hosts and, consequently, abundance in nature.
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Ramos, Márcio V., Larissa B. N. Freitas, Emanuel A. Bezerra, Francimauro Sousa Morais, João P. M. S. Lima, Pedro F. N. Souza, Cristina P. S. Carvalho, and Cleverson D. T. Freitas. "Structural Analysis Revealed the Interaction of Cardenolides from Calotropis procera with Na+/K+ ATPases from Herbivores." Protein & Peptide Letters 29, no. 1 (January 2022): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929866528666211207111011.

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Background: The herbivores Danaus plexippus (Lepidoptera), Oncopeltus fasciatus, and Aphis nerii (Hemiptera) are special insects that feed on Calotropis procera (Apocynaceae) (Sodom Apple). At least 35 chemically distinct cardenolides have been reported in C. procera. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the interaction between cardenolides and Na+/K+ ATPases from herbivores. Methods: The Na+/K+ ATPases from these insects were modeled, and docking studies were performed involving cardenolides from C. procera. Results: The replacement of serine in sensitive Na+/K+ ATPase by histidine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine in the structures examined suggested spatial impairment caused by interaction, probably making the herbivorous insects resistant against the cardenolides of C. procera. In addition, the ability of the insects to avoid cardenolide toxicity was not correlated with cardenolide polarity. Therefore, the plant fights predation through molecular diversity, and the insects, regardless of their taxonomy, face this molecular diversity through amino acid replacements at key positions of the enzyme targeted by the cardenolides. Conclusions: The results show the arsenal of chemically distinct cardenolides synthesized by the C. procera.
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RASOOL, Ajaz, Tariq AHMAD, Bashir Ahmad GANAI, and Shaziya GULL. "An overview of molecular identification of insect fauna with special emphasis on chalcid wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of India." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 111, no. 1 (April 8, 2018): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2018.111.1.22.

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Identifying organisms has grown in importance as we monitor the biological effects of global climate change and attempt to preserve species diversity in the face of accelerating habitat destruction. Classical taxonomy falls short in this race to catalogue biological diversity before it disappears. Differentiating subtle anatomical differences between closely related species requires the subjective judgment of highly trained specialists – and few are being trained in institutes today. DNA barcodes allow non-experts to objectively identify species – from small, damaged, or even industrially processed material. The aim of DNA barcoding is to establish a shared community resource of DNA sequences commonly used for identification, discrimination or taxonomic classification of organisms. It is a method that uses a short genetic marker in an organism's DNA to identify and distinguish its belonging from particular species, varieties or inter varieties. This simple technique has attracted attention from taxonomists, ecologists, conservation biologists, agriculturists, plant-quarantine officers and studies using the DNA barcode has rapidly increased. The extreme diversity of insects and their economical, epidemiological and agricultural importance have made them a major target of DNA barcoding. In this review, we present an overview of DNA barcoding of insects with emphasis on Chalcid wasps of India.
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Langor, David W., H. E. James Hammond, John R. Spence, Joshua Jacobs, and Tyler P. Cobb. "Saproxylic insect assemblages in Canadian forests: diversity, ecology, and conservation." Canadian Entomologist 140, no. 4 (August 2008): 453–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n07-ls02.

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AbstractSaproxylic insect assemblages inhabiting dead wood in Canadian forests are highly diverse and variable but quite poorly understood. Adequate assessment of these assemblages poses significant challenges with respect to sampling, taxonomy, and analysis. Their assessment is nonetheless critical to attaining the broad goals of sustainable forest management because such species are disproportionately threatened elsewhere by the reductions in dead wood generally associated with commercial exploitation of northern forests. The composition of the saproxylic fauna is influenced by many factors, including tree species, degree of decay, stand age, and cause of tree death. Wildfire and forest harvesting have differential impacts on saproxylic insect assemblages and on their recovery in postdisturbance stands. Exploration of saproxylic insect responses to variable retention harvesting and experimental burns is contributing to the development of prescriptions for conserving saproxylic insects in boreal forests. Understanding of processes that determine diversity patterns and responses of saproxylic insects would benefit from increased attention to natural history. Such work should aim to provide a habitat-classification system for dead wood to better identify habitats (and associated species) at risk as a result of forest management. This tool could also be used to improve strategies to better maintain saproxylic organisms and their central nutrient-cycling functions in managed forests.
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Kim, Hajin, Sang Eon Shin, Kwang Soo Ko, Seong Hwan Park, and Kexuan Tang. "The Application of Mitochondrial COI Gene-Based Molecular Identification of Forensically Important Scuttle Flies (Diptera: Phoridae) in Korea." BioMed Research International 2020 (September 28, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6235848.

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Phoridae are a family of necrophagous flies commonly found in indoor death scene. They account for approximately 19.7% of the entomofauna in human cadavers in Korea. Additionally, this taxon is an indicator of indoor hygiene, and these flies appear in environments where access by other necrophagous insects is difficult, such as enclosed rooms. Thus, they are likely to be used as forensic evidence. Despite their importance in forensic investigations and environmental hygiene, detailed studies on the taxonomy and molecular barcoding for this family are scarce, including in Korea. Because accurate taxonomic information regarding necrophagous insects collected from a death-related scene is essential during medicolegal investigations, molecular barcoding data could be useful as well as reliable. In this paper, full-length nucleotide sequences of genes coding for the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) in 79 Phoridae larvae collected from 20 medicolegal autopsy cases in Korea were phylogenetically analyzed by comparing their sequences to the foreign barcoding data of Phoridae. Six mitochondrial haplogroups were identified, which two of them matched to foreign Phoridae fly species haplotypes, Megaselia scalaris (Loew, 1866) and M. spiracularis Schmitz 1938. Taxonomies of five other haplogroups, with nucleotide distances ranging from 1.68% to 2.26% from the M. scalaris group, could not be confirmed solely based on the molecular barcoding data. Further research should be performed to determine whether these five haplogroups are diverged conspecifics of M. scalaris or a closely related sister cryptic species of M. scalaris.
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MARDEN, JAMES H. "Maximum Lift Production During Takeoff in Flying Animals." Journal of Experimental Biology 130, no. 1 (July 1, 1987): 235–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.130.1.235.

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Maximum lift production during takeoff in still air was determined for a wide variety of insects and a small sample of birds and bats, and was compared with variation in morphology, taxonomy and wingbeat type. Maximum lift per unit flight muscle mass was remarkably similar between taxonomic groups (54–63 N kg−1), except for animals using clap-and-fling wingbeats, where muscle mass-specific lift increased by about 25 % (72–86 N kg−1). Muscle mass-specific lift was independent of body mass, wing loading, disk loading and aspect ratio. Birds and bats yielded results indistinguishable from insects using conventional wingbeats. Interspecific differences in short-duration powered flight and takeoff ability are shown to be caused primarily by differences in flight muscle ratio, which ranges from 0.115 to 0.560 among species studied to date. These results contradict theoretical predictions that maximum mass-specific power output and lift production should decrease with increasing body mass and wing disk loading.
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Vilas-Bôas, G. T., A. P. S. Peruca, and O. M. N. Arantes. "Biology and taxonomy ofBacillus cereus,Bacillus anthracis, andBacillus thuringiensis." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 53, no. 6 (June 2007): 673–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w07-029.

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Three species of the Bacillus cereus group (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus anthracis , and Bacillus thuringiensis ) have a marked impact on human activity. Bacillus cereus and B. anthracis are important pathogens of mammals, including humans, and B. thuringiensis is extensively used in the biological control of insects. The microbiological, biochemical, and genetic characteristics of these three species are reviewed, together with a discussion of several genomic studies conducted on strains of B. cereus group. Using bacterial systematic concepts, we speculate that to understand the taxonomic relationship within this group of bacteria, special attention should be devoted also to the ecology and the population genetics of these species.
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DOBRAJC, Maja, Sebastjan RADIŠEK, Jernej JAKŠE, and Stanislav TRDAN. "Tradicionalne in molekularne metode za determinacijo ščitkarjev (Aleyrodidae)." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 116, no. 2 (December 23, 2020): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2020.116.2.1949.

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<p>Whiteflies (Aleyrodidae) is small group of insects (Insecta) that comprises around 1500 species from 160 genera. Whiteflies damage important cultivated and ornamental plants by sucking plants juice. Most of the species are from tropical area, in our region they are the most common in greenhouses. Because worldwide transport, whiteflies become invasive all around the world. The identification of whiteflies species in adult stage is problematic. Morphological differentiation of pupae is one of the better methods for determining identity of species, but it may vary depending on the host plant on which they develop which can lead to misidentifications and erroneous naming of new species. The application of genetic diagnostics under the umbrella of classical taxonomy was imperative for successful development and delivery of the biological control program, phylogenetics and plans for biological control. The most common modern techniques for whiteflies determination are computer programs for photography analysis, molecular methods with DNA isolation and sequencing.</p>
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Manfrino, Romina, Alejandra Gutierrez, Flavia Diez del Valle, Christina Schuster, Haifa Ben Gharsa, Claudia López Lastra, and Andreas Leclerque. "First Description of Akanthomyces uredinophilus comb. nov. from Hemipteran Insects in America." Diversity 14, no. 12 (December 15, 2022): 1118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14121118.

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Filamentous fungi of the genera Lecanicillium and Akanthomyces (Ascomycota: Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) have been isolated from a variety of insect orders and are of particular interest as biological control agents for phloem-sucking plant pests. Three aphid- and whitefly-pathogenic fungal strains that had been isolated from naturally infected Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Myzus persicae in Argentina were assigned to the species Lecanicillium uredinophilum by combined analyses of morphology and ITS, LSU, EF1A, RPB1 and RPB2-based molecular taxonomy, giving rise to both the first description of this fungus from hemipteran insects and its first report from outside South-East Asia, especially from the American continent. A combination of phylogenetic reconstruction and analysis of pair-wise sequence similarities demonstrated that—reflecting recent changes in the systematics of Cordycipitaceae—the entire species L. uredinophilum should be transferred to the genus Akanthomyces. Consequently, the introduction of a new taxon, Akanthomaces uredinophilus comb. nov., was proposed. Moreover, extensive data mining for cryptic A. uredinophilus sequences revealed that (i) the fungus is geographically widely distributed, including earlier unrecognized isolations from further American countries such as the USA, Mexico, and Colombia, and (ii) entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic lifestyles are predominant in this species.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Insects molecular taxonomy"

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Imada, Yume. "Diversity and evolution of the bryophyte-feeding insects in two early-diverging clades of Lepidoptera and Diptera." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225683.

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Silva, Fabio Laurindo da. "Sistemática e biogeografia de Labrundinia Fittkau, 1962 (Diptera: Chironomidae : Tanypodinae): uma abordagem morfológica e molecular." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1795.

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Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos
This doctoral research focused on the systematics and biogeography of the Labrundinia species (Insecta: Diptera: Chironomidae: Tanypodinae). The basis of this study rested on the examination of the type material of all previously described Labrundinia species, including species deposited in national and foreign museums. Field work were carried out to collect more specimens and to secure associations between larvae, pupae and adults. In this study 14 known species of Labrundinia were redescribed and 25 new species were described from the Neotropical region. Morphological and molecular analyses were conducted to infer phylogenetic relationships among all species of the genus and identification keys were developed for all life stages. Based on the results of the phylogeny and distribution of the species, a biogeographic analysis was performed to provide the most probable biogeographic history for the group. The interpretations of the phylogenetic results indicate Labrundinia as a monophyletic group. The group is shown in all resulting trees. Based on these phylogenetic reconstructions, biogeographical analyses were run and indicated Labrundinia ancestor as having its initial diversification in the Neotropical region.
Esta pesquisa de doutorado enfocou a sistemática e a biogeografia das espécies de Labrundinia (Diptera: Chironomidae: Tanypodinae), sendo que a base deste estudo incidiu no exame do material-tipo de todas as espécies descritas para o gênero, incluindo espécies depositadas em coleções nacionais e estrangeiras. Adicionalmente, trabalho de campo foi realizado com objetivo de coletar novas espécies e garantir associações seguras entre larvas, pupas e adultos. Neste estudo, foram redescritas 14 espécies conhecidas de Labrundinia e 25 espécies novas para a ciência foram descritas para região Neotropical. Dados morfológicos e moleculares foram utilizados para inferir relações filogenéticas entre espécies do gênero e chaves de identificação foram preparadas para os adultos machos, pupas e larvas. Com base nos resultados da filogenia e distribuição das espécies, análises biogeográficas foram conduzidas na tentativa de determinar a mais provável história biogeográfica para o grupo. As interpretações das análises filogenéticas indicam o gênero Labrundinia como um grupo monofilético, com presença em todas as árvores resultantes. Com base nestas reconstruções filogenéticas, análises biogeográficas foram processadas e indicam que o ancestral de Labrundinia teve diversificação inicial na Região Neotropical.
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MAGOGA, GIULIA. "MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION AND DELIMITATION OF INSECT TAXA: DEVELOPMENT OF NEW DATA, APPROACHES AND EVALUATION OF TOOLS EFFICIENCY." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/702867.

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Molecular taxonomy is the science that classifies and identifies organism basing on molecular information. Its application to species-rich groups of organisms, as insects, could improve and accelerate taxa identification and delimitation. The efficiency and the limits of the methods for molecular taxonomy have to be properly evaluated for achieving unbiased results with this taxonomic approach. The main aims of this thesis are: i) to develop COI barcode libraries for Euro-Mediterranean Chrysomelidae identification and test DNA-barcoding efficiency in the identification of the species of the family; ii) to estimate group-specific nucleotide distance thresholds for the molecular identification of Chrysomelidae taxa and compare the error related to their use with the error related to the use of a general threshold value estimated for the whole family; iii) to apply molecular species delimitation methods to other insects taxa with the aim of resolving their taxonomic status in an integrative taxonomy framework; vi) to test the influence of factors intrinsic to the analysed data on molecular species delimitation efficiency. The results obtained confirmed the high efficiency of DNA-Barcoding as tool for Chrysomelidae molecular identification (94-99% efficiency) and the usefulness of molecular delimitation methods in integrative taxonomy for resolving taxonomic debated issues. The use of groups specific thresholds resulted to be related to a significantly lower identification error than the use of a general threshold for the whole Chrysomelidae, suggesting how the use of fixed thresholds for taxa identification is unwise. Finally, some factors, i.e. the species delimitation methods used, the geographic intraspecific distance among individuals collection localities and the difficulties in morphological identification of species, resulted to affect the efficiency of molecular species delimitation.
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Mengual, Sanchis Ximo. "Molecular phylogeny and evolution of predatory Syrphidae (Insecta: Diptera)." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/14536.

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Rocha, Luciano Palmieri. "Sistemática e biogeografia de besouros curculionídeos (Curculionoidea; Coleoptera) associados a figueiras (Ficus; Moracae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59131/tde-21062017-174238/.

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Among the number of examples of broad radiations of insects on plants, the fig fig wasp system is one of the most remarkable. Although this interaction has frequently been used as a model for studies of mutualism and coevolution, other groups of insects associated with fig trees have received less attention. The weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) associated with figs are one notable example. Being the largest family of animals, weevils achieved great evolutionary success due to their early association with their host plants. Despite few reports in literature, there is strong evidence of the specialization of weevils on figs. The main objective of this thesis was to understand how diversification of Curculionidae took place in fig trees. Previous studies have never addressed the systematics and biogeography of fig weevils under a phylogenetic framework. Therefore, we analyzed the tempo of diversification of Curculionidae lineages that use fig trees as host in order to reconstruct their historical biogeography. To gather information on fig weevils, we collected 325 fruit sets from more than 12% of the total Ficus species, from the Neotropical, Afrotropical and Oriental regions. We also examined seven entomological collections (AMNH, BMNH, INBIO, MNHN, MZUSP, NMNH, SAMC) searching for weevil specimens collected on figs. At least 80 weevil species from five genera (Cetatopus, Omophorus, Carponinus, Curculio, and Indocurculio) were found to be associated with figs. The radiation of curculionids on figs occurred at least three times independently. The tempo of diversification of the crown fig weevils is congruent with the diversification of figs during the Upper-Cretaceous/Lower-Eocene period. We hypothesize that the variation of the sea level and warmer climate in the past had great influence on the evolution of the species. Our results encourage future research on the biology and ecology of these species and will help us to understand the role weevils may have played in the evolution of the fig- fig wasp mutualism.
Um dos mais notáveis exemplos de radiação adaptativa de insetos em classes de plantas é o sistema figueiras - vespas de figo. Embora essa interação tenha sido frequentemente usada como modelo nos estudos de mutualismo e coevolução, outros grupos de insetos relacionados às figueiras têm sido negligenciados. Besouros curculionídeos (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) associados a figueiras representam um desses grupos pouco estudados. Apesar dos relatos escassos na literatura, existem fortes evidências do alto grau de especialização destes besouros às suas plantas hospedeiras. O objetivo geral desta tese foi entender como se deu a diversificação dos curculionídeos sobre as figueiras. Trabalhos anteriores nunca utilizaram uma abordagem filogenética para estudar a sistemática e biogeografia dos curculionídeos de figo e, por isso, este estudo analisa o tempo de diversificação das linhagenes destes besouros para reconstruir sua biogeografia histórica. De modo a obter informações das espécies estudadas, foram coletadas 325 amostras de frutos de cerca de 12% do total de espécies de figueiras das regiões Neotropical, Afrotropical e Oriental. Sete coleções entomológicas (AMNH, BMNH, INBIO, MNHN, MZUSP, NMNH, SAMC) foram vistadas em busca de espécimes de curculionídeos coletados em figo. Pelo menos 80 espécies de cinco gêneros (Cetatopus, Omophorus, Carponinus, Curculio e Indocurculio) foram encontradas. A radiação dos curculionídeos de figo ocorreu independentemente pelo menos três vezes ao longo da história dos Curculionidae. O período de diversificação das linhagenes de curculionídeos de figo é fortemente congruente com o período de diversificação das linhagenes de figueiras durante o fim do Cretáceo/Paleoceno. Acredita-se que fatores como a forte variação no nível dos oceanos e o clima mais quente no passado tiveram grande influência na evolução das espécies. Espera-se que os resultados deste trabalho encorajem estudos futuros sobre a biologia e ecologia dos curculionídeos associados às figueiras e auxilie no entendimento do papel que os curculionídeos possam ter desempenhado na evolução do sistema Ficus - vespas de figo.
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Almeida, Lucas Henrique de. "Perlidae (Plecoptera) da Serra de Paranapiacaba, Estado de São Paulo : integrando informações morfológicas e moleculares na identificação de espécies /." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152932.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Plecoptera compreende uma ordem de insetos aquáticos com aproximadamente 3500 espécies conhecidas, sendo distribuídas em 16 famílias. No Brasil são registradas apenas duas famílias, sendo Gripopterygidae e Perlidae. Neste trabalho foram estudadas as espécies de Perlidae da Serra de Paranapiacaba, incluindo os Parques Estaduais Carlos Botelho (PECB), Intervales (PEI) e Turístico do Alto Ribeira (PETAR), Estado de São Paulo. Com o objetivo de integrar o conhecimento taxonômico ao molecular, obtendo identificações de adultos e a associação adulto-ninfa utilizando DNA Barcode. Foram registradas 14 espécies, sendo Anacroneuria representado por nove espécies: A. boraceiensis, A. debilis, A. fiorentini, A. flintorum, A. iporanga, A. itajaimirim, A. polita, A. subcostalis e A. tupi. Kempnyia por quatro espécies: K. auberti, K. colossica, K. flava e K. neotropica. Macrogynoplax por apenas uma espécie: M. veneranda. Foram realizados dois novos registros (Anacroneuria debilis e A. fiorentini), duas descrições de imaturos (A. flintorum e A. tupi) e uma sinonimização (Kempnyia petersorum). Adicionalmente, é fornecida uma chave de identificação de adultos da região.
Plecoptera comprises an order of aquatic insects with aproximately 3500 species, distributed in 16 families. In Brazil, only two families are recorded, being Gripopterygidae and Perlidae. In this work, were studied the species of Perlidae from Paranapiacaba mountains, including the Carlos Botelho State Park (PECB), Intervales State Park (PEI), and Alto Ribeira Tourist State Park (PETAR), São Paulo State. With the objective of integrating the taxonomic knowledge to the molecular, obtaining identifications of adults and the adult-nymph association using the DNA Barcode. Were recorded fourteen species, being Anacroneuria represented by nine species: A. boraceiensis, A. debilis, A. fiorentini, A. flintorum, A. iporanga, A. itajaimirim, A. polita, A. subcostalis and A. tupi. Kempnyia by four species: K. auberti, K. colossica, K. flava and K. neotropica. Macrogynoplax by only one species: M. veneranda. Were made two new records (Anacroneuria debilis and A. fiorentini), two descriptions of nymphs (A. flintorum and A. tupi), and one synonymization (Kempnyia petersorum). In addition, a key is provided for the identification of adults from the region
FAPESP: 2015/22008-9
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Kaji, Denise Akiko. "Taxonomia molecular de Bacillus entomopatogenicos." [s.n.], 1993. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/255729.

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Orientador : Vanderlei Perez Canhos
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: Foi efetuado um estudo taxômico de 15 isolados entomopatogênicos de mostras de solos e insetos do Brasil com características de bactérias aeróbias, formadoras de endosporos e presença de cristal. Treze isolados acarretaram 100 % de mortalidade a larvas de Aedes fluviatilis em leituras observadas a 24 h. Os resultados dos testes de caracterização morfológica, bioquímica e fisiológica indicaram que 14 isolados pertencem a espécie Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) enquanto que o 15° foi determinado como Bacillus sphaericus (B.s.). Através dos perfis eletroforéticos de proteínas totais 11 B.t. isolados foram identificados como subespécie israelensis (sorotipo H-14, incluindo duas linhagens não sorotipadas), 1 como kurstaki (soro tipo H3a, 3b) e 1 como morT!isoni (sorotipo H8a, 8b). As linhagens de B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (B.t.i.) formaram um grupo homogêneo distinto das linhagens de referências tóxicas. a lepidópteros e coleópteros. O isolado identificado como B. sphaericus demonstrou alta similaridade com a linhagem 2362 através de testes de atividade larVicida; fagotipagem (fagotipo 3) e sorologia (H5). Os 11 isolados identificados como B.t.i. pela sorologia e/ou perfIS eletroforéticos de proteínas totais não apresentaram polimorflsmo quanto aos fragmentos de restrição, quando foram utilizadas sondas do gene 16S rRNA e do cristal de B.t.i.. A sonda do gene toxigêniro de B.t.i. demonstrou ser bastante específica para a subespécie israelensis, não apresentando hibridizaçóes Com outras subespécies. O gene do cristal de B.t.i. de referência IPS82 e isolados identificados como B.t.i. foram amplificados através da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), digeridos com Sau3AI e separados por eletroforese. Os perfis de restrição destes fragmentos foram idênticos. Esses resultados indicam que os B.t.i. isolados no Brasil formam uni grupo. homogêneo e de organização genética bastante conservada. Outras 28 linhagens de referência representando 12 subespécies de B.t. com 9 sorotipos diferentes, 4 B. cereus e 4 B. anthracis foram incluídas na análise do perfil de hibridização com o gene 16S rRNA Os dados obtidos mostraram correspondência com os testes de sorologia (DE BARJAC & FRACHON, 1990) e a taxonomia numérica (PRIEST et ai., 1988)
Abstract: Fifteen bacterial isolates from Brazilian soil and insects with aerobic, endospores and crystal characteristics were taxonomically analysed. Thirteen strains were shown to be pathogenic to Aedes fluviatilis larvae causing 100 % mortality in 24 hours and two strains were non-pathogenic. The results of morphological, biochemical and physiological tests indicated that 14 strains belong B. thuringiensis (8.t.) while the remaining strain was identified as B. sphaericus. Electrophoresis ofwhole celI protein patterns helped in the identification of eleven isolates as israelensis (serotype H-14, including two non-serotypable strains), 1 as kurstaki (serotype H3a, 3b) and 1 as morrisoni (serotype H8a, 8b). Moreover, it was shown that alI B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (8.t.i.) strains. formed a homogenous group distinct from reference strains toxic for Lepidoptera or Coleoptera. The isolate identified as B. sphaericus presented high similarity with strain 2362 by larvicidal tests, phagotyping (group 3) and serotyping (H5). The is.olates identified as subspecies israelensis by serology and/or electrophoresis of whole cell proteins patterns showed the same patterns using restriction fragments length polymorphisms (RFLPs) analysis with the 16S rRNA and the crystal gene of B.t.i. as probes. The crystal gene of B.t.i. used as the probe was specific only to the subspecies israelensis. The crystal gene of B.t.i. reference (IPS82) and isolated strains of B.t.i. were amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), digested with Sau3AI and electrophoresed in agarose gel. The restriction fragment patterns obtained were identical. It confirmed as stated above that the B.t.i. isolates used in this study are a highly homogenous group with a conserva tive. genetic organization. Furthermore, 28B.t. reference strains representing 12 subspecies (with 9 different serotypes), 4 B. cereus and 4. B. anthracis were compared with regard to their ribosomal RNA gene restriction patterns. The results obtained match the serological tests (DEBARJAC & FRACHON, 1990) and numerical taxonomy studies (PRIEST et al., 1988). The results in this study suggest that the techniques could be an altemative to serological tests
Doutorado
Doutor em Ciência de Alimentos
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Hovmöller, Rasmus. "Molecular phylogenetics and taxonomic issues in dragonfly systematics (Insecta: Odonata)." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Zoology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1065.

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Dragonflies (Odonata) are one of the ancestral groups of extant insects. They represent one of the three most basal branches in the phylogeny of winged insects. The other two groups are the Ephemeroptera, mayflies, and Neoptera, the latter which covers the remaining winged insects. The first paper is about the phylogenetic position of Odonata in relation to the other basal insect clades using 18S and 28S rDNA sequences. It was demonstrated that there are under certain parameters a strong statistical support for a sister-group relationship between Odonata and Neoptera forming the group Palaeoptera. The second paper is about the phylogeny of the Holarctic dragonfly Leucorrhinia. Dragonfly larvae are frequently equipped with spines on the abdomen, with great variation in spinyness between species. From an analysis of sequences of ITS and 5.8S rDNA it was found that spines have been lost at least twice in Leucorrhinia, in the European L. rubicunda and again in a clade of North American species. The third paper is on the subfamily Ischnurinae (Odonata: Coenagrionidae), a group dominated by the two larger genera Ischnura and Enallagma along with several mono- or oligotypic genera. From the presented molecular study, using mitochondrial 16S rDNA and COII sequences, it is demonstrated that Ischnurinae, and Ischnura are monophyletic. Enallagma is not monophyletic, and the genus name Enallagma should be restricted to the E. cyathigerum clade. he fourth paper is a catalog of the genus Coenagrion, with full information on synonymy, type material and bibliographical data. The fifth paper is an appeal to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature to suppress the genus group name Agrion. The letter of appeal elucidates the priority of Agrion, and demonstrates why it has fallen out of use. A case if made for why Agrion should be placed on the list of unavailable names, and Calopteryx given full validity.

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Hovmöller, Rasmus. "Molecular phylogenetics and taxonomic issues in dragonfly systematics (Insecta: Odonata) /." Stockholm : Department of Zoology, Stockholm university, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1065.

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Chintauan-Marquier, Ioana. "Phylogénie moléculaire des melanoplinae (Insecta : Orthoptera : Caelifera : Acrididae)." Grenoble, 2010. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00580813.

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La phylogénie moléculaire reconstruit des relations de parenté entre unités évolutives, en se basant sur des changements structurels au niveau moléculaire (ADN, protéines). Elle constitue donc un outil précieux pour déchiffrer l'évolution spatio-temporelle de la biodiversité. Le présent travail examine l'histoire évolutive d'un groupe de criquets (Insecta: Orthoptera: Caelifera), par le biais de méthodes phylogénétiques (parcimonie, maximum de vraisemblance et bayésienne) et de datation, appliquées à l'étude de séquences d'ADN nucléaire et mitochondrial combinées. Dans un premier temps, nous étudions la sous-famille Melanoplinae (Orthoptera: Acrididae) et l'une de ses tribus, Podismini, pour éclaircir leur histoire évolutive, la resituer dans un contexte paléobiogéographique, et la mettre en relation avec la taxonomie existante. Dans un deuxième temps, les méthodes de reconstruction phylogénétiques et de datation sont appliquées à l'étude de la dynamique de l'évolution concertée au sein de l'espèce Podisma pedestris, en analysant le polymorphisme intra- et interindividuels de l'ADN ribosomal, i. E. Gènes et pseudogènes d'ITS1
Molecular phylogenies aim to build affiliations between evolutionary units by using their changes at the molecular level (DNA, proteins). Thus, they are a precious tool to understand the evolution biodiversity in space and time of. The present work analyses the evolutionary history of a grasshopper group (Insecta: Orthoptera: Caelifera), using phylogenetic (parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesien) and dating methods on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA combined sequences. First, we study the subfamily Melanoplinae (Orthoptera: Acrididae) and one of its tribe (Podismini) in order to clarify their evolutionary history and taxonomy in a paleobiogeographic context. Then, we use the phylogenetic and dating methods in order to study the dynamics of the concerted evolution of rDNA (i. E. ITS1 genes and pseudogenes) inside the Podisma pedestris species
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Books on the topic "Insects molecular taxonomy"

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Ōsawa, Syōzō. Molecular phylogeny and evolution of carabid ground beetles. New York: Springer, 2003.

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Osawa, S., Z. H. Su, and Y. Imura. Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Carabid Ground Beetles. Springer, 2004.

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Osawa, S., Y. Imura, and Z. H. Su. Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Carabid Ground Beetles. Springer London, Limited, 2011.

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Osawa, S. Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Carabid Ground Beetles. Springer, 2012.

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Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Carabid Ground Beetles. Springer, 2011.

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The Macaronesian Laparocerus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae): Taxonomy, phylogeny, and natural history. Santa Cruz de Tenerife: Publicaciones Turquesa, 2022.

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Book chapters on the topic "Insects molecular taxonomy"

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Murthy, K. Srinivasa, S. K. Jalali, and R. Stouthamer. "Molecular Taxonomy of Trichogrammatids." In Biological Control of Insect Pests Using Egg Parasitoids, 39–65. New Delhi: Springer India, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1181-5_3.

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Roe, Amanda, Julian Dupuis, and Felix Sperling. "Molecular Dimensions of Insect Taxonomy in the Genomics Era." In Insect Biodiversity, 547–73. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118945568.ch16.

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Ab Hamid, Suhaila. "Morphometric Analysis in Stingless Bee (Apidae meliponini) Diversity." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 153–58. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6265-2.ch009.

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Insects occur in large numbers. Therefore, it is important to have a system to identify the different species of insects. Traditional morphological identification of insects requires an experienced entomologist while molecular techniques require laboratory expertise and involve substantial costs. Due to that, there has been a dramatic increase of studies using morphometric analysis in understanding the systematics, taxonomy, and diversity of stingless bees. Morphometric analysis is a powerful tool as it is effective with minimum technical experience. It is a simple technique because of the current availability of cheap computer technology equipped with software, and at the same time, this method preserves the physical integrity of the shape measured. Morphometric analysis makes it credible to recognise morphological disparity and lead ways to explore the causes, both within and between, the stingless bee populations.
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Kumar Jain, Subodh, Shweta Yadav, and Sapna Sedha. "Genetic Polymorphism in Animals." In Genetic Polymorphisms - New Insights. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99423.

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Biological diversity is the variability among living organisms from all sources of nature. Genetic polymorphism study support a lot when any economically important particular species is taken into consideration. The knowledge of genetic background of a species and its population structure is very essential for their successful conservation and management. Molecular techniques have been supporting in the determination of population diversity and also to determine the genetic architecture of a wide variety of closely related individuals. Molecular techniques based on DNA polymorphism are now used in population genetic studies, systematic and molecular taxonomy. This chapter will provide information on genetic diversity of various economically important species such as protozoa, worms, insects, pearl oyster, fishes and birds. The study of genetic variations in economically important species has practical significance for developing strategies to control the disease, to improve reproductive traits, yield more beneficiary products like honey, silk, pearl, manure, etc. Since there are some data gaps, most suitable and promising technology must be used to elucidate the role of every single gene involved in the pathways to be studied in order to apply for more benefit to the society.
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Ros, Vera I. D., Delphine Panziera, Remziye Nalcacioglu, Jirka Manuel Petersen, Eugene Ryabov, and Monique M. van Oers. "Viral diseases of insects." In Invertebrate Pathology, 249–85. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198853756.003.0010.

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This chapter focuses on key virus families that affect wild and cultured insect species and describes current knowledge on the molecular and ecological aspects of these viruses. Insects can be infected by a variety of viruses each with distinct properties and pathologies. Depending on the taxonomic order to which the insects belong, infections with viruses of certain families are more prominent and strong co-evolutionary relationships between insects and particular virus types are often observed. Viral infections may cause diseases that are often lethal, but viruses can also remain in a persistent or latent stage and only cause a disease outbreak under certain circumstances. We illustrate the impact viruses have on particular groups of insects by providing examples of viral infections in insects in their natural environments, the application of insect viruses in biocontrol programmes, and the effect these viruses have on pollinators. Apart from viruses affecting free-living insects, we also include what is known about virus outbreaks in insects reared on an industrial scale. Furthermore, we include a brief viral disease management section for apiculture and mass rearing of other insects. We conclude this chapter with suggestions on how to obtain the necessary knowledge and tools to better control viral diseases in insects in the future.
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von Reumont, Björn M., and Gregory D. Edgecombe. "Crustaceans and Insect Origins." In Evolution and Biogeography, 105–20. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190637842.003.0005.

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Although Crustacea has a long history of being recognized as a formal taxonomic group in arthropod classification, the past 30 years have witnessed repeated challenges to crustacean monophyly. Few unambiguous autapomorphic characters for crustaceans have been proposed by morphologists, and many diagnostic characters can be interpreted as symplesiomorphies of Mandibulata. More serious challenges arise from molecular phylogenetics: irrespective of the scope of taxonomic and/or character sampling or analytical methods, a pancrustacean clade in which “Crustacea” is paraphyletic with respect to Hexapoda is retrieved. However, most traditional single to multigene studies infer phylogenies that display considerable mutual conflict. Although hexapod monophyly is robust and its deep branchings have recently been recovered using large-scale transcriptomic datasets, its crustacean sister group has been contentious. To some extent, a conclusive result is still hindered by uneven taxonomic coverage, with some key groups still being undersampled in phylogenomic studies. Nonetheless, phylogenomic analyses provide some robust results: notably, Hexapoda is part of a pancrustacean clade named Allotriocarida, which includes Cephalocarida and Branchiopoda as a grade or each other’s sister group, and Remipedia as the closest relatives to Hexapoda. Neuroanatomical support for a rival malacostracan-remipede-hexapod clade is incongruent with molecular datasets, which instead group Malacostraca, Copepoda, and Cirripedia as a clade. However, cirripedes resolve either as a sister group to copepods or to malacostracans, and this instability casts doubt on the typical pattern in molecular analyses that position malacostracans unexpectedly deep within the crustacean lineage. Pancrustacean phylogeny requires critical interpretation of phylogenomic data to reveal conflict in the data and ambiguous signals within the selected set of orthologous genes.
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Conference papers on the topic "Insects molecular taxonomy"

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Montero-Astúa, Mauricio. "Molecular taxonomy: A not so straightforward path to insect species identification." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.112913.

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