Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Insectivorous bat'
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Hourigan, Clare. "Insectivorous Bat Diversity and Habitat Use in a Subtropical Mosaic Urban Landscape." Thesis, Griffith University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366401.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
Grobler, Colyn Stefan. "Surveillance for rabies-related lyssaviruses in South African insectivorous bat species." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/78261.
Full textDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2021.
CDC- 5 NU2GGH001874-02-00 NRF-78566
Medical Virology
MSc
Restricted
Fan, Xiaozhou. "Canonical Decomposition of Wing Kinematics for a Straight Flying Insectivorous Bat." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91469.
Full textMS
Thomas, Alicia Jessica. "Factors affecting the emergence times of seven sympatric insectivorous bat species." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12672.
Full textThe onset of activity in animals restricted to being active for only part of the day, is one of the most fundamental aspects of their biology. Onset of activity is likely subject to several factors including presence/absence of predators and the vagaries of environmental conditions at the time of emergence. The aim of my study was to test several hypotheses accounting for differing emergence times amongst sympatric insectivorous bat species.
Cravens, Zachary. "ILLUMINATING DIETARY AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGE IN AN INSECTIVOROUS BAT COMMUNITY EXPOSED TO ARTIFICIAL LIGHT AT NIGHT." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2347.
Full textRhodes, Monika, and n/a. "The Ecology and Conservation of the White-Striped Freetail Bat (Tadarida australis) in Urban Environments." Griffith University. Australian School of Environmental Studies, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070314.114451.
Full textRhodes, Monika. "The Ecology and Conservation of the White-Striped Freetail Bat (Tadarida australis) in Urban Environments." Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367292.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Australian School of Environmental Studies
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Wood, Simon. "Geographic distribution and composition of the parasite assemblage of the insectivorous bat, Miniopterus natalensis (Chiroptera: Miniopteridae), in South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11224.
Full textAll free-living animal species have their own unique parasite assemblages. These parasites can have a significant impact on the fitness and ecology of their hosts, and through them the ecological systems in which they occur. Gaining knowledge about these parasites offers important information on the biology, systematics and phylogenies of their hosts. During this study the following were collected: flea, fly, mite, tick and helminth species from 96 Natal Long-Fingered bat (Miniopterus natalensis Smith, 1834) individuals sampled from seven localities across South Africa. This study aimed to both identify the species forming part of this parasite assemblage, and attempted to explain the distribution of the parasites and the factors influencing it.
Shiflet, Lindsey Ann. "Trophic patterns of an insectivorous bat community foraging over urban and pristine streams as revealed by stable isotope and fecal analyses." Greensboro, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007. http://libres.uncg.edu/edocs/etd/1503Shiflet/umi-uncg-1503.pdf.
Full textTitle from PDF t.p. (viewed Mar. 10, 2008). Directed by Matina C. Kalcounis-Rüppell; submitted to the Dept. of Biology. Includes bibliographical references (p. 24-29).
Maine, Josiah J. "TROPHIC ECOLOGY OF INSECTIVOROUS BATS IN AGROECOSYSTEMS." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1599.
Full textLumsden, L. F. "The ecology and conservation of insectivorous bats in rural landscapes." Click here to access, 2004. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au/adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050825.143504.
Full textGonsalves, Leroy. "Saltmarsh, mosquitoes and insectivorous bats: Seeking a balance." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2012. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/f5003bcf6a9de158d56fd2d2c6990af12cd28e5c9dd04058be552ea89bd266f4/3702292/64882_downloaded_stream_107.pdf.
Full textLumsden, Linda F., and mikewood@deakin edu au. "The ecology and conservation of insectivorous bats in rural landscapes." Deakin University. School of Ecology and Environment, 2004. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050825.143504.
Full textLim, Lee Sim. "Assemblage and genetic structure of insectivorous bats in Peninsular Malaysia." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8544.
Full textAssis, Cecília Kruszynski de. "Diet and ecosystem services of insectivorous bats assessed with stable isotopes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64135/tde-07032019-103440/.
Full textServiços ecossistêmicos são funções dos ambientes naturais e dos processos ecológicos dos quais humanos se beneficiam. Esses benefícios podem ser acessados por uma perspectiva econômica e ecológica. No presente estudo, nós destacamos um dos serviços ambientais fornecidos por morcegos: controle de pragas agrícolas. No Brasil, os estudos com morcegos insetívoros como potenciais supressores de pragas ainda são escassos, apesar de o país ser um dos maiores produtores agrícolas do mundo e abrigar uma alta diversidade desses animais. O uso de paisagens heterogêneas, formadas por vegetação nativa e lavouras agrícolas, otimiza o investimento aplicado nessa busca. Para tanto, descrevemos, pela primeira vez, a assembleia de morcegos em um ambiente heterogêneo de Piracicaba, o campus \"Luiz de Queiroz\", que possui desde áreas urbanizadas a agrícolas, disponibilizando diversos recursos alimentares para os morcegos. Ademais, testamos se há diferenças nos valores isotópicos (?13C e ?15N) entre as espécies de morcegos em relação à dieta, comportamento espacial de forrageamento, sexo ou classificação taxonômica para identificar quais grupos são os melhores supressores de pragas agrícolas. Utilizamos redes de neblina para a captura dos morcegos e análises de isótopos estáveis de carbono e nitrogênio (?13C e ?15N, respectivamente) para acessar sua fonte de dieta. Por meio das análises, determinamos a proporção de plantas com ciclos fotossintéticos do tipo C3 e C4 na dieta dos morcegos, bem como seu nível trófico. Capturamos 90 morcegos de 11 espécies, três famílias e quatro classes de dieta, correspondendo a 66% da riqueza estimada para o local. Destas, cinco são espécies classificadas insetívoras. Molossus molossus foi a espécie mais abundante, seguida por Artibeus lituratus e Glossophaga soricina. Valores de ?13C mostraram que insetívoros, frugívoros e nectarívoros consomem insetos, inclusive pragas, em diferentes proporções por espécie e grupo de dieta. O grupo mais efetivo no controle de pragas agrícolas foi M. molossus, seguido por A. planirostris. Os valores de ?15N mostraram que o nível trófico dos diferentes grupos alimentares de morcegos foi similar, de modo que eles são mais generalistas que previsto na literatura. Nosso estudo aponta a necessidade de quantificação desse importante serviço ecossistêmico promovido por morcegos, que podem reduzir doenças e prejuízos nas lavouras, além de combater vetores de doenças
Estrada, Villegas Sergio. "Controlling factors of community structure: The case of neotropical aerial insectivorous bats." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95176.
Full textPour comprendre la façon dont les communautés sont structurées, nous devons déterminer l'effet des différents facteurs contrôlant les propriétés de communauté. Dans cette étude portant sur des ensembles néotropicaux de chauve-souris insectivores au Panama, nous avons mesuré les effets du climat, de la structure de l'habitat et des interactions entre espèces sur trois propriétés de communauté: la richesse, l'abondance et la biomasse des espèces. Puis, avons évalué comment ces facteurs affectent les mesures d'équitabilité. Nous avons trouvés que la variation dans la composition et la richesse en espèces est reliée au climat à grande échelle et à la structure de l'habitat à petite échelle, mais que l'abondance totale n'est pas reliée au climat. L'équitabilité corrèle de façon négative et directe avec la richesse et la biomasse en espèce et de façon négative et indirecte avec l'abondance. Nous concluons qu'il est important de déterminer l'échelle à laquelle les facteurs contrôlant opèrent et la façon dont les propriétés de communauté sont interreliées pour bien comprendre la structure des communautés.
Roche, Niamh. "Aspects of the ecology of insectivorous bats (Chiroptera) in temperate deciduous woodlands." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1997. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36308/.
Full textAdes, Gary William John. "A comparative ecological study of insectivorous bats (Hipposideridae, Vespertilionidae and Rhinolophidae) in Hong Kong, with special reference to dietary seasonality /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B16121247.
Full textAndersson, Skog Nils. "Bats in Urban Sweden : A multiple regression analysis of bats’ relationship to urbanization." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Miljövetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45771.
Full textAdes, Gary William John. "A comparative ecological study of insectivorous bats (Hipposideridae, Vespertilionidae and Rhinolophidae) in Hong Kong, with specialreference to dietary seasonality." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31234033.
Full textBarreiro, Sílvia Pereira. "Saving trees for saving bats: tree-like features as key foraging habitats for insectivorous bats in intensively farmed agricultural lands." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18418.
Full textSchoeman, M. Corrie. "The relative influence of competition and coevolution on the community structure of insectivorous bats in Southern Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6184.
Full textBiotic filters rather than abiotic filters should influence the community structure of animals such as insectivorous bats with life histories characterized by low fecundity. low predation risk. long life expectancy, and stable populations. I investigated the relative influence of biotic filters on various parameters that define bat community structure, based on predictions from competition and coevolution hypotheses. Each of the competing hypotheses was considered from a number of different perspectives to provide multiple opportunities from which to uncover the mechanism that could result in non-random patterns of community structure. I used a battery of null model and multivariate analyses to test the deterministic or nondeterministic nature of phenotypic, trophic, and species composition patterns of insectivorous bat communities - which I called ensembles. I obtained data for these analyses by sampling the local and regional species richness of insecti vorous bats of southern Africa between 2001 and 2004. Rarefaction and species richness estimators indicated that species inventories of the fynbos, forest, and savanna ensembles, and the Cape Floristic Kingdom regional pool, were complete. As hypothesised, competition and coevolution filters strongly influenced parameters that define bat community structure. My results show that the phenotypic and trophic community structure of insectivorous bats at a local scale exhibit non-random patterns consistent with competition and coevolution hypotheses. Except for an even body size distribution, non-random patterns are not ubiquitous across ensembles. This is linked to multiple causations of competition and coevolution filters operating at a local scale. There was evidence that competition influenced body size distribution across ensembles, and echolocation and dietary patterns in ensembles with high species richness or abundance. At the same time, coevolution filters - mediated by prey defence - strongly influence dietary niche patterns. and to a lesser degree, echolocation patterns. Thus, the non-random phenotypic and trophic patterns of ensembles across southern Africa reflect competition and coevolution filters operating in tandem, or separately, at a local scale. Moreover, abiotic filters such as geographic distribution ranges of small and large-bodied species, extinction risk, and the physics offlight and sound probably also interacted at local and/or regional scales to influence the structure of coexisting bats at a local scale.
Chaves, Luciana Botelho. "Produção de anticorpos monoclonais para caracterização de variantes antigênicas brasileiras de vírus da raiva." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-19082010-165840/.
Full textMonoclonal antibodies (MAb) against the rabies virus (RABV) proteins were produced to improve the antigenic characterization of the isolates in Brazil. Two isolates from insectivorous bats were selected; one was from the species Nyctinomops laticaudatus and the other from Eptesicus furinalis, which showed non-compatible (NC) profiles from pre-established ones. The viral suspensions were adapted for growth in N2A cells. Ribonucleoproteins from selected isolates were used as antigen for the preparation of Mab. We obtained two Mab, the 3A7 and the 4E10. Of the 57 RABV isolates analyzed with these MAb, the 3A7 reacted with 21 (36.84%) and 4E10 with 25 (43.85%). Of the 13 isolates characterized as antigenic variant 3 (Desmodus rotundus), the 3A7 MAb reacted with 8 (61.53%) and 4E10 with 11 (84.61%). Of the nine isolates with the profile NC of bats the 3A7 reacted with 5 (55.55%) and the 4E10 with 4 (44.44%). The antibodies produced may help to complement the existing panel to antigenic characterization which could improve the disease epidemiological surveillance.
Alem, Sylvain. "Du jeu des sélections chez une pyrale musicienne : étude de l'origine, de l'évolution et du maintien sélectif des comportements sexuels." Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR4042.
Full textIn order to achieve a better understanding of how natural selection shapes sexual traits it is essential to consider the interplay of the various selective processes at work. For my thesis I investigated the simultaneous influences of viability and sexual selections on the origin, the evolution and the maintenance of sexual traits in the lesser waxmoth Achroia grisella. Females of this pyralid moth choose their mate based on acoustic characters of the ultrasonic calling song broadcasted by males while competing at lek. However male ultrasonic displays are very conspicuous and may attract specific predators: insectivorous bats. Therefore at leks sexual and viability selection pressures act simultaneously and can shape (1) the evolution of female mate choice, (2) the maintenance and evolution of lekking, (3) the origin of sexual acoustic communication. Taken as a whole this work emphasises the relevance of the study of selective interplays between viability and sexual selections in order to improve our understanding of how natural selection may shape the origin, evolution and maintenance of sexual traits. In particular results indicate the crucial role played by predation pressure within these evolutionary processes
"Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Insectivorous Bat Activity in River-Riparian Landscapes." Doctoral diss., 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.8668.
Full textDissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Biology 2010
Grant, John D. A. "Aspects of the foraging strategy of an insectivorous bat, Nyctophilus gouldi Tomes, 1858 (Microchiroptera: Vespertilionidae)." Phd thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/142327.
Full textMoonsamy, Shivani. "The relative influence of local and landscape processes on the structure of insectivorous bat ensembles in urban nature reserves." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/9796.
Full textThesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2012.
Lai, Ching-Chang, and 賴慶昌. "Wing morphology of insectivorous bats in Taiwan." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73140689774663279296.
Full text東海大學
生物學系
88
The wing morphology of bats is related to flying speed and habitat utilization. The purpose of this research was to study the relationships between wing morphology and flying speed of Taiwan''s insectivorous bats. In this study, by measuring the morphological characters to estimate wing loading and aspect ratio and to track 18 species of bat flights in the laboratory by videorecorder to calculate initial and free flying speed. The values of aspect ratio and wing loading were related to initial speed (r2=0.27, P<0.05; r2=0.85, P<0.01, respectively). When wing loading greater than 11N/m2, the mean value of free flying speeds will great than 5m/s. Of the 18 species of bats whose flying speed have been measured in this study: the free-tail bat, Tadarida sp. is the fastest one (7.06 m/s) and the slowest is the Formosan tailless leaf-nose bat, Coelops frithi formonsanus (2.98 m/s). Based on principle component analysis on 15 factors of bat wing morphology, and showed seven different wing forms in a digram of first and second principal components of wing morphology (identified as measures of wing loading and aspect ratio). By analysis wing loading and aspect ratio, the 22 species of bats showed four types of flight pattern. Bats will display faster flying speed when wing loading, and aspect ratio are large, as in free-tail bat, Formosan leaf-nose bat, Hipposideros terasensis; Bats will display migration when wing loading is smalll and aspect ratio is large, such as Japanese long-winged bat, Miniopterus schreibersii. From field observations, these fast flying species also appeared in open spaces. Bats have small wing loading and aspect ratio, will display slower flying speed, such as the Formosan lesser horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus monoceros, and Formosan tailless leaf-nose bat, Coelops frithi formonsanus will fly in cluttered habitats such as forests. Bats will display faster flying speed in cluttered habitats when wing loading is large and aspect ratio is small, such as Rhinolophus formosae.
Marais, Werner Christiaan. "The potential of using insectivorous bats (Microchiroptera) as a means of insect pest control in agricultural areas." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3294.
Full textMembers of the Suborder Microchiroptera consume large numbers of insects. When large enough numbers of these bats are present in agricultural areas, the need for insecticides can be reduced significantly. The ZZ2 Tomato Farms in Mooketsi and the Secrabje Farm in Waterpoort, in the Limpopo Province were chosen as study sites. Although ZZ2 focuses on the production of tomatoes, both farms produce a variety of vegetables and fruit. These farms were chosen because the management of both have shown a commitment to conservation and attempt to minimise their impact on the environment. Bat species indigenous to the study areas were captured by means of mist nets for identification purposes. Basic morphological data of captured specimens were collected and recorded. Their roosting behaviour and preferences were studied by visiting diurnal roosts in the two study sites. Microclimatic measurements were taken in roosts occupied by Chaerephon pumilus, Mops condylurus and Taedarida aegyptiaca. Microclimatic measurements were also done in bat houses designed for the housing of bats in agricultural areas. Results suggest that other factors, additional to temperature and relative humidity, contribute to the success and probability of bat house occupancy by bats. Existing roosts in man-made structures such as roofs, can successfully be enhanced to stimulate increase in colony size. Bat activities were determined in agricultural areas and adjacent natural habitats by means of recordings of the echolocation calls of the different bat Families. These were compared to the occurrence of nocturnal flying insect orders that were captured in light traps at the same localities. Of the bat species studied, a positive correlation between increased bat activity and higher number of insects, including pest species, was found. It seems as if the Molossidae has the greatest potential to be utilised in the control of insect pests of agricultural areas in the Limpopo of the bat species studied. A holistic approach favouring insectivorous bats on farms is recommended. This can be done i.a. through the conservation of abundant areas of natural vegetation adjacent to the agricultural areas which would provide foraging for bats during winter, periods of drought or when the lands lie fallow. The excessive and injudicious use of insecticides, which has a negative effect on bats, counteracts the beneficial and cheap alternative of natural insect pest control provided by insectivorous bats.
Turmelle, Amy S. "Ecological and Evolutionary Factors Affecting Rabies Virus Infection in Colonial Insectivorous Bats." 2009. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/65.
Full textDavidai, Noa. "Variation in the abundance of foraging insectivorous bats across an agricultural landscape." 2009. http://etd.utk.edu/2009/May2009Theses/DavidaiNoa.pdf.
Full textJia-HueiChen and 陳佳惠. "Comparative food habits of two closely-related insectivorous bats and their eco-morphological correlates." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67575391702948899310.
Full text國立成功大學
生命科學系
102
Ecological morphology presents constraints and opportunities to how animals explore resources by different mechanisms, and in turn may affect the resource use patterns of animals. Closely-related species with similar eco-morphological traits are presumably subjected to similar limitations, and thus are expected to explore similar resources. On the other hand, closely-related species may still display substantially different resource use, because slight differences in key eco-morphological traits may influence their performance and efficiency in exploring environments and resources. For microchiropterans, wing-shape parameters and echolocation structure often limit the type of habitats they are capable of exploring, which will affect the type of prey encountered. Body size, skull size, and tooth structure may further constrain size or hardness of prey consumed by bats. This study tested the hypothesis that small differences in crucial eco-morphological traits between congeneric species may contribute to different food habits. I conducted dietary analyses on fecal samples of two closely-related insectivorous bats, Hipposideros terasensis Kishida, 1924 and H. turpis Bangs, 1901, which were collected in their summer habitats. These two species differ in body size, skull size, and echolocation call frequency. I also measured related wing parameters, including span, area, and loading of wing, aspect ratio, tip length and area ratios of wing, and wingtip shape index, for these two species to compare their wing morphology. The diet of H. terasensis comprised of 9 insect orders, and that of H. turpis additionally included Araneae, Odonata, and Trichoptera and contained a total of 12 orders of arthropods. Both species fed primarily on Coleoptera that accounted for more than 20% in frequency of occurrence and about 40% in volume percentage, while the rest prey orders accounted for different proportions in their respective diets. Hemiptera and Hymenoptera accounted for 53.8% of the total frequency of occurrence and contributed to 50.8% of the volume in the diets of H. terasensis. In contrast, Orthoptera, Hemiptera, and Blattodea were more prevalent in the diet of H. turpis, but Orthoptera and Lepidoptera were more abundant in volumes. Below the level of order, I found 21 and 13 prey taxon, mostly families, in the diets of H. terasensis and H. turpis, respectively. Within hemipterans, H. terasensis consumed higher proportions of cicadas than H. turpis. Overall, H. terasensis displayed a more even and thus a more heterogeneous diet than that of H. turpis, with a medium dietary overlap between the two species at 0.67, based on Horn’s index of similarity. Most wing parameters measured were higher in H. terasensis than those of H. turpis. A higher wing loading and aspect ratio indicate a faster but less maneuverable flight for H. terasensis. In contrast, the flight of H. turpis is expected to be more maneuverable and adapted to near vegetation and the ground. In addition, H. turpis with higher call frequency would be more tolerant to cluttered environments. Incorporating the general flight potentials of insects, dietary results showed that H. terasensis, with higher wing loading and aspect ratio, consumed a higher proportion of faster-flying insects, such as Hymenoptera. The larger body and skull size of H. terasensis suggest a more powerful bite force, and the estimated hardness index of prey eaten by H. terasensis (3.75) was slightly higher than that of H. turpis (3.67). The food habits differed between H. terasensis and H. turpis in several aspects, and various factors might have contributed to these differences. The dietary results were consistent with the predictions from eco-morphological traits, including body size, wing parameters, and echolocation. Since H. terasensis ate more evenly among each insect order, it ate less number of insect orders but had a more heterogeneity diet. This study did not measure food availability on site, thus can’t rule out the possibility of dietary differences affected by prey availability. The dietary compositions of H. terasensis among sites across Taiwan, however, indicate little dietary variation in space and substantiate our conclusions. Eco-morphological traits constrain animals to explore resources and to a certain extent that have contributed to the different patterns of resource use, thus eco-morphological traits can be a good indicator for resource use patterns of animals with caution.
Braun, de Torrez Elizabeth Claire. "Bats, insects and pecans: habitat use and ecosystem services of insectivorous bats in a pecan agroecosystem in central Texas." Thesis, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/15143.
Full textLópez-Baucells, Adrià. "Assessment of the effects of forest fragmentation on aerial insectivorous bats in the Amazonian rainforest." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/42288.
Full textFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas [FAPEAM 062.01173 / 2015] (Paulo ED Bobrowiec)
Bolsa de estudos do CNPq [160049 / 2013-0] (Paulo ED Bobrowiec)
Pavón, Ana Daniela Sansur. "Exposure Assessment of Metals in Cave Dwelling Bats." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/86210.
Full textPopulações de morcegos estão em declínio pelo mundo. As principais razões desse declínio foram atribuídas à influência antrópica, incluindo alterações climáticas, urbanização, atividades agrícolas e industriais. As atividades humanas causam o deslocamento das colónias de morcegos de cavernas e outras de outros abrigos naturais para minas abandonadas. Devido a isso, as minas tornaram-se áreas de interesse para a conservação de morcegos cavernícolas em todo o mundo. As bem documentadas propriedades persistentes dos metais em todos os compartimentos ambientais (bióticos e abióticos) podem comprometer as espécies que vivem nas minas, mesmo após o término das operações de extração. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é entender se morcegos que habitam em minas abandonadas estão expostos a metais. Amostras não invasivas de pelo, membrana alar e guano de 140 indivíduos de quatro espécies de morcegos insetívoros e cavernícolas (R. ferrumequinum, R. euryale, R. hipposideros e M. schreibersii) foram coletadas em quatro minas abandonadas de extração de metais na região Norte e Centro de Portugal. Estas minas são utilizadas como locais de hibernação para as espécies de morcegos estudadas. Adicionalmente, amostras de solo, rocha e água foram também coletadas de cada mina para avaliar as possíveis vias de exposição. As amostras foram avaliadas em termos das concentrações de 13 metais essenciais e não essenciais (As, Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Zn, Sn e W) usando ICP-MS. Elevadas concentrações de metais foram encontradas nas quatro espécies de morcegos, tanto na membrana alar como no pelo, confirmando sua exposição aos metais. Concentrações mais altas foram encontradas na membrana alar do que no pelo. Foram encontradas diferenças entre M. schreibersii e as restantes espécies estudadas, com esta espécie a apresentar as maiores concentrações de metais. As diferenças entre as espécies podem ser explicadas pelas diferenças no comportamento de alimentar e no uso do habitat, ligadas às áreas urbanas e ao conteúdo de metais encontrados no solo. No entanto, os resultados não permitiram identificar as vias de exposições de forma conclusiva. Em comparação com outros estudos, as concentrações encontradas em morcegos cavernícolas foram maiores do que nas espécies de morcegos com outras preferências em termos de locais de hibernação e reprodução. Os resultados reforçam a importância da monitorização de metais em espécies cavernícolas que utilizam minas como abrigo, uma vez que exposição a metais constitui um risco potencial para estas espécies de morcegos.
Bat populations seem to be decreasing all over the world. The main reasons for the decline have been attributed to anthropogenic influence, including climate change, urbanization, agricultural and industrial activities. Human activities cause the displacement of colonies from caves and other natural roosting areas into abandoned mines. Due to this, mines have become areas of interest for the conservation of cave-dwelling bats worldwide. The well documented persistent properties of metals in all environmental compartments (both biotic and abiotic), might compromise the biota living in mines even after operations have ceased. Thus, the aim of this study is to understand if cave-dwelling bats roosting in abandoned mines are being expose to metals. Non-invasive samples of fur, wing, and guano, of 140 individuals of four species of insectivorous cave-dwelling bats (R. ferrumequinum, R. euryale, R. hipposideros, and M. schreibersii) were collected on four abandoned metal mines in the north and center of Portugal, used as hibernation roosting sites for the species. Samples of soil, rock, and water were also collected from each mine to understand the origin of the exposure. The samples were evaluated in terms of the concentration of 13 essential and non-essential metals (As, Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Zn, Sn and W) using ICP-MS spectrophotometer. Metal concentrations were found in the four bat species in both wing and fur, confirming their exposure to the metals, with general higher concentrations found in wing membrane. Differences were found between M. schreibersii and the other bat species studied, with this species presenting the biggest metal concentrations. The differences between species might be explained by differences in foraging behavior and habitat use, linked to anthropogenic activities and metal content found in the environmental compartments. However, was not possible to identify clearly the routes of exposures present. In comparison with other studies, the concentrations found in cave-dwelling bats were higher than in bat species that have other behaviors and preference in terms of roosting sites. The results reinforce the importance of monitoring metals in species roosting in mines, since exposure to metals might constitute a potential risk for cave-dwelling bats.
Outro - O projecto de mestrado foi financiado pela Comissão Europeia através do programa Erasmus Mundus, referente ao curso "Mestrado Internacional de Ecologia Aplicada" (EMMC‐IMAE) (FPA 2023‐0224 / 532524-1-FR-2012-1-ERA MUNDUS-EMMC).
Milne, Damian John. "Habitat relationships, activity patterns and feeding ecology of insectivorous bats of the Top End of Australia." Thesis, 2006. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/2019/1/01front.pdf.
Full textLin, Yu-Shyang, and 林渝翔. "Survey of Cryptosporidium oocysts in insectivorous bats in Taiwan and the influence of compost heaps treatment on Cryptosporidium oocysts." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62804515977886088606.
Full text國立中興大學
獸醫學系
91
Cryptosporidium spp., the zoonotic infective parasitic protozoa in the digestive dust of vertebrates, is responsible for the clinical symptom of diarrhea. This study aims at a series of examination of parasites in insectivorous bats and Cryptosporidium oocysts were examined in the fecal samples from 24 bat habitats. After long observation of daily feces of the wild caged bats, discovered the existence of Cryptosporidium spp, which indicates these bats were infected. During the survey, the oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp observeed in the feces of 3 deer farms near a nocturnal bat habitat in Taichung county were presented positive for Cryptosporidium infection. The sample from a traditional compost heap in the deer farm was also examined as positive. Compared with the result of those from 12 modem compost heaps, the temperature of traditional compost heap is too low to destroy the Cryptosporidium oocysts. To survey for infection of deer by Cryptosporidium, the feces of deer from 17 daily farms was examined in central Taiwan. Among the 76 deer examined, 66 (86.8%) are observed to be positive for Cryptosporidium infection respectly. The cause may be mixture of fodder with feces. Since the feces of farm animals in central Taiwan have been stocked confidentially, those compost heap containing cryptosporidium oocysts may be carried by the wild filth flies, dung beetles and other insects which will be eaten by insectivorous animals and digested. Therefore, Cryptosporidium oocysts may in this way spread infection.
Maas, Bea. "Birds, bats and arthropods in tropical agroforestry landscapes: Functional diversity, multitrophic interactions and crop yield." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5E77-5.
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