Relevant bibliographies by topics / Insect reproductive behaviour

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
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  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Insect reproductive behaviour'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Insect reproductive behaviour"

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Blacher, Pierre, Boris Yagound, Emmanuel Lecoutey, Paul Devienne, Stéphane Chameron, and Nicolas Châline. "Drifting behaviour as an alternative reproductive strategy for social insect workers." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 280, no. 1771 (November 22, 2013): 20131888. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.1888.

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Restricted reproduction is traditionally posited as the defining feature of eusocial insect workers. The discovery of worker reproduction in foreign colonies challenges this view and suggests that workers’ potential to pursue selfish interests may be higher than previously believed. However, whether such reproductive behaviour truly relies on a reproductive decision is still unknown. Workers’ reproductive decisions thus need to be investigated to assess the extent of workers’ reproductive options. Here, we show in the bumblebee Bombus terrestris that drifting is a distinct strategy by which fertile workers circumvent competition in their nest and reproduce in foreign colonies. By monitoring workers’ movements between colonies, we show that drifting is a remarkably dynamic behaviour, widely expressed by both fertile and infertile workers. We demonstrate that a high fertility is, however, central in determining the propensity of workers to enter foreign colonies as well as their subsequent reproduction in host colonies. Moreover, our study shows that the drifting of fertile workers reflects complex decision-making processes associated with in-nest reproductive competition. This novel finding therefore adds to our modern conception of cooperation by showing the previously overlooked importance of alternative strategies which enable workers to assert their reproductive interests.
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Sun, Qian, Jordan D. Hampton, Austin Merchant, Kenneth F. Haynes, and Xuguo Zhou. "Cooperative policing behaviour regulates reproductive division of labour in a termite." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1928 (June 10, 2020): 20200780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0780.

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Reproductive conflicts are common in insect societies where helping castes retain reproductive potential. One of the mechanisms regulating these conflicts is policing, a coercive behaviour that reduces direct reproduction by other individuals. In eusocial Hymenoptera (ants, bees and wasps), workers or the queen act aggressively towards fertile workers, or destroy their eggs. In many termite species (order Blattodea), upon the death of the primary queen and king, workers and nymphs can differentiate into neotenic reproductives and inherit the breeding position. During this process, competition among neotenics is inevitable, but how this conflict is resolved remains unclear. Here, we report a policing behaviour that regulates reproductive division of labour in the eastern subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes . Our results demonstrate that the policing behaviour is a cooperative effort performed sequentially by successful neotenics and workers. A neotenic reproductive initiates the attack of the fellow neotenic by biting and displays alarm behaviour. Workers are then recruited to cannibalize the injured neotenic. Furthermore, the initiation of policing is age-dependent, with older reproductives attacking younger ones, thereby inheriting the reproductive position. This study provides empirical evidence of policing behaviour in termites, which represents a convergent trait shared between eusocial Hymenoptera and Blattodea.
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Arya, Homica, Regan Toltesi, Michelle Eng, Divita Garg, Thomas J. S. Merritt, and Subhash Rajpurohit. "No water, no mating: Connecting dots from behaviour to pathways." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 10, 2021): e0252920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252920.

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Insects hold considerable ecological and agricultural importance making it vital to understand the factors impacting their reproductive output. Environmental stressors are examples of such factors which have a substantial and significant influence on insect reproductive fitness. Insects are also ectothermic and small in size which makes them even more susceptible to environmental stresses. The present study assesses the consequence of desiccation on the mating latency and copulations duration in tropical Drosophila melanogaster. We tested flies for these reproductive behavioral parameters at varying body water levels and with whole metabolome analysis in order to gain a further understanding of the physiological response to desiccation. Our results showed that the duration of desiccation is positively correlated with mating latency and mating failure, while having no influence on the copulation duration. The metabolomic analysis revealed three biological pathways highly affected by desiccation: starch and sucrose metabolism, galactose metabolism, and phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis. These results are consistent with carbohydrate metabolism providing an energy source in desiccated flies and also suggests that the phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway plays a role in the reproductive fitness of the flies. Desiccation is a common issue with smaller insects, like Drosophila and other tropical insects, and our findings indicate that this lack of ambient water can immediately and drastically affect the insect reproductive behaviour, which becomes more crucial because of unpredictable and dynamic weather conditions.
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Amarasinghe, Harindra E., Crisenthiya I. Clayton, and Eamonn B. Mallon. "Methylation and worker reproduction in the bumble-bee ( Bombus terrestris )." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1780 (April 7, 2014): 20132502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2502.

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Insects are at the dawn of an epigenetics era. Numerous social insect species have been found to possess a functioning methylation system, previously not thought to exist in insects. Methylation, an epigenetic tag, may be vital for the sociality and division of labour for which social insects are renowned. In the bumble-bee Bombus terrestris , we found methylation differences between the genomes of queenless reproductive workers and queenless non-reproductive workers. In a follow up experiment, queenless workers whose genomes had experimentally altered methylation were more aggressive and more likely to develop ovaries compared with control queenless workers. This shows methylation is important in this highly plastic reproductive division of labour. Methylation is an epigenetic tag for genomic imprinting (GI). It is intriguing that the main theory to explain the evolution of GI predicts that GI should be important in this worker reproduction behaviour.
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Pamminger, Tobias, David Treanor, and William O. H. Hughes. "Pleiotropic effects of juvenile hormone in ant queens and the escape from the reproduction–immunocompetence trade-off." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1822 (January 13, 2016): 20152409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2409.

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The ubiquitous trade-off between survival and costly reproduction is one of the most fundamental constraints governing life-history evolution. In numerous animals, gonadotropic hormones antagonistically suppressing immunocompetence cause this trade-off. The queens of many social insects defy the reproduction–survival trade-off, achieving both an extraordinarily long life and high reproductive output, but how they achieve this is unknown. Here we show experimentally, by integrating quantification of gene expression, physiology and behaviour, that the long-lived queens of the ant Lasius niger have escaped the reproduction–immunocompetence trade-off by decoupling the effects of a key endocrine regulator of fertility and immunocompetence in solitary insects, juvenile hormone (JH). This modification of the regulatory architecture enables queens to sustain a high reproductive output without elevated JH titres and suppressed immunocompetence, providing an escape from the reproduction–immunocompetence trade-off that may contribute to the extraordinary lifespan of many social insect queens.
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Kight, S. L., G. L. Coffey, A. W. Tanner, M. P. Dmytriw, S. L. Tedesco, J. Hoang, and A. K. Aboagye. "Recent changes in reproductive phenology of a K-selected aquatic insect predator, Belostoma flumineum Say (Heteroptera, Belostomatidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 109, no. 1 (April 18, 2018): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485318000202.

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AbstractThe timing of critical events like mating, migration, and development has noticeably and recently shifted in many populations of diverse organisms. Here, we report a change in the breeding phenology of giant waterbugs, Belostoma flumineum Say (Heteroptera, Belostomatidae), in the northeastern United States. Waterbugs collected in 2005 and 2006 exhibited previously typical patterns of mating and reproduction: two annual reproductive peaks in which overwintered adults mated in the spring and young adults from a new generation mated in the fall. In 2012 and 2015, despite similar sampling effort, we detected no fall breeding activity in the study area. Reproductive behaviour under controlled laboratory conditions was also different between the earlier (2005 and 2006) and recent (2012 and 2015) years: waterbugs collected in recent years exhibited significant delays in reproduction (>30 days) under similar photoperiod and thermal conditions. We discuss potential causes of this dramatic change in reproductive behaviour, such as climate change, as well as possible negative impacts of the absence of fall reproduction on populations of B. flumineum in the study region.
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Chakraborty, Pushan, Poulami Adhikary Mukherjee, Supratim Laha, and Salil Kumar Gupta. "The influence of floral traits on insect foraging behaviour on medicinal plants in an urban garden of eastern India." Journal of Tropical Ecology 37, no. 4 (July 2021): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467421000341.

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Abstract Understanding the pollination biology of medicinal plants and their important insect pollinators is necessary for their conservation. The present study explored the complex interactions between pollinator visitation and effect of floral traits on pollinator behaviour on seven medicinal plant species grown in an urban garden in West Bengal, an eastern Indian state. The observations revealed 30 morphospecies of insect flower visitors (Diptera, Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera) that touched floral reproductive parts on the selected plants during visitation. Additionally, it was observed that floral traits (e.g., corolla length and corolla opening diameter) were important predictors of the behaviour of insects when visiting the flowers. Plant–pollinator interactions were analysed using a bipartite network approach which explored the important links between insect and plants in the network revealing the key interactions, and species which are crucial to system maintenance. This piece of work contributes to our ability to understand and maintain a stable medicinal plant–pollinator network which will support efforts to conserve native flora and insects.
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Wirmer, Andrea, Melanie Faustmann, and Ralf Heinrich. "Reproductive behaviour of female Chorthippus biguttulus grasshoppers." Journal of Insect Physiology 56, no. 7 (July 2010): 745–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2010.01.006.

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Roy-Zokan, Eileen M., Christopher B. Cunningham, Lauren E. Hebb, Elizabeth C. McKinney, and Allen J. Moore. "Vitellogenin and vitellogenin receptor gene expression is associated with male and female parenting in a subsocial insect." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1809 (June 22, 2015): 20150787. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0787.

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Complex social behaviour in Hymenoptera has been hypothesized to evolve by co-opting reproductive pathways (the ovarian ground plan hypothesis, OGPH) and gene networks (the reproductive ground plan hypothesis, RGPH). In support of these hypotheses, in eusocial Hymenoptera where there is reproductive division of labour, the yolk precursor protein vitellogenin (Vg) influences the expression of worker social behaviour. We suggest that co-opting genes involved in reproduction may occur more generally than just in the evolution of eusociality; i.e. underlie earlier stages of social evolution such as the evolution of parental care, given that reproduction and parental care rarely overlap. We therefore examined vitellogenin ( vg ) gene expression associated with parental care in the subsocial beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides . We found a significant reduction in the expression of vg and its receptor, vgr , in head tissue during active parental care, and confirmed that the receptor is expressed in the brains of both sexes. Ours is the first study to show that vgr is expressed in the brain of a non-eusocial insect. Given the association between behaviour and gene expression in both sexes, and the presence of vitellogenin receptors in the brain, we suggest that Vg was co-opted early in the evolution of sociality to have a regulatory function. This extends the association of Vg in parenting to subsocial species and outside of the Hymenoptera, and supports the hypothesis that the OGPH is general and that heterochrony in gene expression is important in the evolution of social behaviour and precedes subsequent evolutionary specialization of social roles.
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Ayre, Bronwyn M., David G. Roberts, Ryan D. Phillips, Stephen D. Hopper, and Siegfried L. Krauss. "Effectiveness of native nectar-feeding birds and the introduced Apis mellifera as pollinators of the kangaroo paw, Anigozanthos manglesii (Haemodoraceae)." Australian Journal of Botany 68, no. 1 (2020): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt19097.

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Plants pollinated by vertebrates are often visited by native and exotic insects foraging for pollen and nectar. We compared flower visitation rates, foraging behaviour, and the contribution to reproduction of nectar-feeding birds and the introduced honeybee Apis mellifera in four populations of the bird-pollinated Anigozanthos manglesii (Haemodoraceae). The behaviour of floral visitors was quantified with direct observations and motion-triggered and hand-held cameras. Pollinator access to flowers was manipulated by enclosure in netting to either exclude all visitors or to exclude vertebrate visitors only. Apis mellifera was the only insect observed visiting flowers, and the most frequent flower visitor, but primarily acted as a pollen thief. Although birds visited A. manglesii plants only once per week on average, they were 3.5 times more likely to contact the anther or stigma as foraging honeybees. Exclusion of birds resulted in 67% fewer fruits and 81% fewer seeds than flowers left open and unmanipulated. Unnetted flowers that were open to bird and insect pollinators showed pollen-limitation and a large variation in reproductive output within and between sites. Although honeybees have been shown to pollinate other Australian plants, compared to birds, they are highly inefficient pollinators of A. manglesii.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Insect reproductive behaviour"

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Mayhew, Peter J. "Ecological studies of insect reproductive behaviour." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244513.

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Otronen, M. "Studies of reproductive behaviour in some carrion insects." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233544.

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Pereira, Kleber de Sousa. "Competição larval em parasitoide gregário de pupas em broca das cucurbitáceas." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2014. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3994.

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Insect hosts that have been already parasitized are considered a low quality resource, which may affect the number of ovipositions made by other parasitoids. Since the amount of eggs laid affects the host immune response, the offspring survivorship may also be affected. For this reason, it is necessary to understand to what point the energy spent in superparasitizing is an advantage that allows supression of host immune response and provides adequate resources for the imatures to develop within their host. This study had the objective of finding the number of ovipositions from Palmistichus elaeisis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) allowing optimal offspring fitness and to analyze if immune response the melonworm Diaphania hyalinata L. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is correlated with the density of posture by the parasitoid. Pupae of D. hyalinata received from one to five parasitoid ovipositions. The total number of offspring produced, the number of males and females emerging from the host, sex ratio, life cycle, average body mass and biomass produced per parasitized pupae were recorded for the different oviposition densities. Digital x-ray imaging of parasitized hosts were recorded to assessing the immature parasitoid developmental until adult emergence. Incidence of unviable parasitoid larvae was also recorded. The survivorship of P. elaeisis was daily assessed. Hemocyte dynamics and encapsulation capacity of D. hyalinata against P. elaeisis was evaluated for each number of ovipositions, from one to five. The Parasitoid developmental time decreased with increased oviposition density and three ovipositions provided higher offspring and particularly female production, and optimal larval fitness. Progeny body mass and sex ration were not affected by oviposition density. Female and male survived longer with one oviposition of the female parasitoid. Parasitoid emergence increased with the number of parasitoid ovipositions and 100% parasitism and corresponding 100% host pupa mortality were achieved with all oviposition densities. Increased number of ovipositions decreased the number of total hemocytes, and also of granulocytes, plasmatocytes and prohemocytes in the circulating host hemolymph. Oenocytes and espherulocytes were not affect by the number of parasitoid ovipositions in the host. The melanization and encapsulation rates decreased with the number of ovipositions by P. elaeisis. Three ovipositions by the parasitoid female allowed optimal progeny production and parasitoid performance. Superparasitism is a strategy of P. elaeisis for optimal progeny fitness balancing optimal progeny performance with amelioration of host immune response.
Hospedeiros parasitados são considerados de baixa qualidade e podem influenciar no número de oviposições de parasitoides, influenciando na sobrevivência da progênie, pois, a quantidade de ovos depositados afeta a resposta imune do hospedeiro. Por isso, torna-se necessário saber até quando o investimento de superparasitar é vantajoso ao ponto de suprimir a resposta imune do hospedeiro e favorecer uma ótima competição de imaturos dentro do hospedeiro. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi reconhecer a densidade ótima de posturas de Palmistichus elaeisis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) para produção de progênie, e saber se a resposta imune do hospedeiro Diaphania hyalinata L. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) ao parasitismo se relaciona a esta densidade ótima. Pupas de D. hyalinata foram expostas a uma, duas, três, quatro e cinco posturas por uma mesma fêmea do parasitoide. O número total de progênies, de machos e fêmeas emergidos, razão sexual, ciclo de vida, peso médio e biomassa produzida foram analisados. A velocidade de pupação, tempo entre pupa e emergência de P. elaeisis e a porcentagem de pupas com imaturos inviáveis deste parasitoide foram observados em pupa de D. hyalinata em sistema de radiografia digital. A sobrevivência de adultos de P. elaeisis foi avaliada diariamente. A porcentagem de emergência da progênie foi avaliada. A dinâmica hemocitária e a capacidade de encapsulação por pupas de D. hyalinata contra P. elaeisis foi avaliada mediante o número de posturas. Larvas de P. elaeisis empuparam mais rápido e o tempo entre o período de pupa e a emergência foi praticamente constante com três oviposições, variando para os demais tratamentos. Três oviposições proporcionou o maior número de fêmeas, total de emergidos e desempenho e, menor tempo de desenvolvimento dos parasitoides. O peso da progênie e a razão sexual foram semelhantes entre os indivíduos. Fêmeas e machos de pupas com uma oviposição sobreviveram mais que os demais tratamentos. A porcentagem de emergência de parasitoides aumentou com o número de posturas. O parasitismo foi de 100% em todos os tratamentos. Pupas com quatro e cinco oviposições não tiveram larvas inviáveis. O aumento do número de posturas reduziu o número de hemócitos totais e de granulócitos, plasmatócitos e prohemócitos circulantes na hemolinfa de pupas de D. hyalinata. Oenocitóides e esferulócitos circulantes mostraram padrão aleatório entre os tratamentos. A taxa de encapsulamento e de melanização decresceram com o aumento de oviposições de P. elaeisis. A oviposição por três vezes maximizou a progênie, reduziu o tempo de desenvolvimento e aumentou o desempenho de P. elaeisis. O superparasitismo é uma estratatégia em P. elaeisis para o aumento de sobrevivência e desempenho da prole.
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Vantorre, Thomas. "Communication chimique et compétition lors de la reproduction chez Gastrophysa viridula, Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209328.

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Parmi les modes de communication les plus exploités chez les insectes, la communication chimique figure en bonne place. D’ailleurs, la recherche moderne consacrée aux signaux chimiques émis et perçus par les individus d’une même espèce n’a de cesse de se développer depuis plus de 50 ans. A travers ce travail de thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés à ces phéromones associées au comportement sexuel de Gastrophysa viridula (Coleoptera :Chrysomelidae). Nous avons menés, dans ce cadre, plusieurs bioessais comportementaux liés pour la plupart à des analyses chimiques par chromatographie gazeuse couplée à une spectrométrie de masse (GC-MS).

La fonction la plus évidente de la phéromone sexuelle de G. viridula est l’induction du comportement sexuel mâle. Cet « aphrodisiaque », probablement constitué de plusieurs composés cuticulaires (des alcanes méthylés lourds), est émis par la femelle et déclenche par contact la sortie de l’édéage des mâles. Etonnamment, ces composés se retrouvent aussi chez les mâles de G. viridula dont le comportement sexuel est alors induit au contact de composés cuticulaires mâles. Ceci constituerait la cause proximale des comportements homosexuels observés chez les mâles de G. viridula. Nous avons ensuite étudié le rôle des composés cuticulaires dans l’isolement sexuel entre G. viridula et G. cyanea. Le comportement sexuel des mâles des deux espèces est en effet induit préférentiellement par les femelles conspécifiques. Pour G. viridula, cette préférence est visiblement attribuable aux composés cuticulaires. Enfin, les signaux chimiques sont parfois indicateurs du degré de compétition spermatique rencontré par un mâle et permettent à celui-ci d’ajuster la quantité de spermatozoïdes transmis à une femelle. Avant d’étudier l’implication de tels signaux chez G. viridula, nous avons souhaité mettre en évidence un ajustement de la quantité de spermatozoïdes transmis par des mâles soumis à divers degrés de compétition spermatique. Nos résultats ne nous permettent malheureusement pas de signaler un tel effet.


Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Jackson, Alison. "The reproductive biology and behaviour of #Leptomastidea abnormis', a hymenopterous parasitoid of the citrus mealybug #Planococcus citri'." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306967.

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De, Luca Paul Anthony. "Age effects on reproductive behavior in the treehopper umbonia crassiscornis (Hemipera: membracidae)." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4867.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on January 31, 2008) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Yan, Jwo-Yee. "Studies on the behaviour of males of California red scale Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell)." Title page, contents and summary only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09ay21.pdf.

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Muller, Karen. "Influence de la plante hôte sur les performances sexuelles des mâles et conséquences sur le potentiel reproductif des femelles phytophages." Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOS021/document.

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L’abondance des insectes phytophages est déterminée par l’influence de facteurs biotiques et abiotiques qui affectent leurs traits d’histoire de vie. Chez les espèces phytophages à reproduction sur capital, la qualité de la plante hôte sur laquelle les individus effectuent leur développement larvaire est un facteur critique affectant le succès reproducteur des adultes. Curieusement, si l’effet de la plante hôte sur le potentiel reproductif des femelles a été largement décrit, il n’a été que peu étudié sur celui des mâles. Par ailleurs, chez les lépidoptères, lors de l’accouplement, la femelle reçoit du mâle un cadeau nuptial sous la forme d’un spermatophore contenant des spermatozoïdes ainsi que des sécrétions produites par les glandes accessoires. Ces sécrétions constituent des bénéfices directs pour la femelle qui pourra les remobiliser pour augmenter sa fécondité. Mon projet de thèse vise à déterminer l’influence de la plante hôte sur les performances reproductives des mâles et d’en évaluer les conséquences sur le potentiel reproductif des femelles et sur l’évolution des stratégies de choix de partenaire chez un papillon ravageur de la vigne, l’Eudémis (Lobesia botrana). Les expériences menées au cours de ces trois années de thèse révèlent que la nutrition larvaire sur différents cépages de vigne module fortement les réserves énergétiques des mâles, affectant leur potentiel reproductif à travers la taille et le contenu des spermatophores qu’ils transfèrent aux femelles pendant l’accouplement. De plus, l’investissement du mâle dans la production de spermatophores décline au cours d’accouplements successifs, les mâles n’étant capables de produire qu’un seul spermatophore riche en nutriments au cours de leur vie. Ces deux facteurs (nutrition larvaire et expérience sexuelle), qui affectent fortement la qualité reproductive des mâles, ont d’importantes conséquences sur le potentiel reproductif de leur partenaire. En effet, les femelles recevant des spermatophores riches en nutriments et en spermatozoïdes ont plus de descendants que celles recevant des spermatophores de moins bonne qualité. Enfin, les femelles semblent capables de discriminer parmi les mâles en se basant sur des critères reflétant leur qualité reproductive, s’accouplant préférentiellement avec ceux leur procurant le plus de bénéfices directs. Ainsi, les résultats de cette thèse confirment l’importance d’intégrer l’effet mâle quand on s’intéresse à l’évolution des populations de phytophages. De plus, identifier les facteurs écologiques modulant les interactions entre les partenaires sexuels chez les espèces menaçant les cultures est crucial pour pouvoir optimiser les programmes de gestion de ces ravageurs
The abundance of phytophagous insects is determined by numerous interacting biotic and abiotic factors. In capital-breeding phytophagous insects, larval host plant quality is a key determinant of the adult phenotype and the performance of both males and females. Curiously, if the effect of host plant quality on female reproductive success is well-established, little effort has been conducted to determine this effect on male reproductive success. Moreover, in Lepidoptera, males transfer to females a spermatophore containing sperm and accessory gland products rich in nutrients that could be reinvested into female reproduction. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate how male larval nutrition on different host cultivars affects male reproductive traits which could, in turn, influence female reproductive output and mate choice strategies in an important grapevine pest, the European grapevine moth (Lobesia botrana). During these three years, we found that the host cultivar for the larvae strongly influences the energy reserves of male adult moths, affecting ultimately their reproductive potential through the size and content of spermatophores they transfer to females at mating. Moreover, male investment in the spermatophore declines over consecutives matings, suggesting that spermatophores are energetically expensive to produce in this monandrous capital breeding species. Thus ‘male quality’ depends on both the male larval origin and mating history, and females receiving protein-rich spermatophores at mating have an overall greater reproductive output than females mated with poor quality males producing less nutritionally rich spermatophores. Finally, females are able to discriminate among males and mate more with males having high sperm quality (virgin males or males from certain cultivars or geographical origins) to obtain substantial direct benefits.The results of this thesis confirm the importance of considering the “male effect” when trying to understand the evolution of phytophagous populations. Moreover, identifying the ecological conditions that influence the mating success of male and female in crop-pest species may lead to a better management of these crop pests
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Poidatz, Juliette. "De la biologie des reproducteurs au comportement d’approvisionnement du nid, vers des pistes de biocontrôle du frelon asiatique Vespa velutina en France." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0778/document.

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Cette thèse CIFRE porte sur la biologie, le comportement et le biocontrôle du frelonasiatique Vespa velutina, un prédateur invasif d’abeilles. Depuis son introduction en France, ce frelonétend maintenant son aire de répartition en Europe, impactant à la fois l’environnement etl’apiculture. L’objectif de ces travaux sera d’enrichir le savoir sur cette espèce pour perturber ledéveloppement des colonies de V. velutina à différents niveaux afin d’en limiter la prolifération. Lepremier axe porte sur la biologie des reproducteurs de V. velutina, afin d’empêcher la fondation decolonies en amont. Ce travail précise les données concernant la maturation sexuelle des mâles de V.velutina, compare certains traits liés à la fertilité des fondatrices avec celles du frelon européen, etmet en évidence une plus grande précocité et fertilité de V. velutina. Le deuxième axe porte sur labiologie des colonies, de la collecte à la distribution des ressources dans le nid. A l’aide de pucesélectroniques marquant des ouvrières (technique RFID), nous avons mesuré le rayon d’action et seslimites chez les ouvrières V. velutina. En marquant de la nourriture avec des métaux lourds, nousavons pu suivre l’évolution de sa distribution dans les colonies suivant leur structure. Le troisièmeaxe porte sur le biocontrôle de V. velutina avec des champignons entomopathogènes. Nous avonsévalué l’efficacité de différents isolats et de leur mode d’application contre V. velutina, puis décrit unchampignon naturellement parasitant V. velutina. Ces travaux ont permis de faire avancer lesconnaissances sur la biologie et la physiologie des frelons, mais également de proposer des pistes decontrôle durable de l’invasion européenne de V. velutina
This CIFRE thesis deals with the biology, the behavior and the biological control of aninvasive predator of bees, the hornet Vespa velutina. Since its introduction in France, this hornet isnow invading most countries in occidental Europe, dealing damages both to the environment and thebeekeeping activity. In order to limit its proliferation, a good strategy could consist in disrupting itscolony development at different levels, explored in this work. The first axis deals with V. velutinareproductive biology, exploring the different paths to prevent colonies creation. First we describedthe sexual maturation of males in V. velutina, and second we compared different traits linked tofertility between foundresses of V. velutina and the European hornet, thus highlighting V. velutinahigher precocity and fertility potential. The second axis explored the biology of colonies, fromresource collection to resource distribution in the nest. Using RFID technic, we assessed the actionrange and its boundaries in V. velutina workers. We also labelled food and observed its distribution inV. velutina colonies in function of the colony size and structure. The third axis deals with V. velutinabiocontrol, using entomopathogenic fungi. We evaluated the efficiency of different isolates anddifferent application methods on V. velutina, and described a wild fungus found naturally parasitizingV. velutina. This work brought knowledge on biology behavior and physiology of this invasive hornet,and also proposed options that could be assayed for a durable control of V. velutina
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Cournault, Laurent. "Regulation of reproduction in polygynous ants (Dolichoderinae): queen fertility signal and adult polyploidy." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210332.

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Regulation of reproduction is one central feature of social life. In particular, only a few individuals are in charge of producing offspring in eusocial species. This division of the reproductive labour is mainly mediated by pheromones emitted by the queens in social insects. These queen pheromones may signal the presence of a fertile queen so that workers react accordingly by taking care of her and not reproducing.

Here I investigated two aspects of the reproduction of two polygynous ant species. The first one, Linepithema humile, is a unicolonial, highly polygynous and invasive species. It has been the focus of numerous studies about queen pheromones; in particular, it has been reported that queen cuticular hydrocarbons (CHC) profile is related to queen fertility. The other one, Tapinoma erraticum, is a multi-colonial, weakly polygynous and native species. Workers can lay haploid eggs in the absence of the queens which is impossible for Linepithema workers.

The major part of my thesis dealt with the queen fertility signalling issue. In the first two chapters I demonstrate the link between queen fertility and queen pheromone output. I first study a queen releaser pheromone, the queen retrieval behaviour. This behaviour is performed by the workers who lay a chemical trail toward a queen located outside the nest. I successfully show this behaviour to be related to queen fertility, and not mating status, in L. humile and T. erraticum since only fertile queens (mated or not) induce such recruitment. I then highlight the role of queen fertility in the prevention of worker reproduction in T. erraticum. Again, mated fertile queens and unmated fertile queens are both able to induce such primer effect. In a third chapter I report that CHC profiles may discriminate female castes (workers, queens, virgin queens, and virgin egg-laying queens) in T. erraticum. Finally, chapter 4 summarizes my attempts to prove that CHC may be involved in queen retrieval or queen attraction. None of the various bioassays tested allows me to demonstrate the putative role of CHC as queen pheromone.

In a second part, I was interested in the consequences of sex determination in T. erraticum. Chapter 5 presents the flow cytometry methodology (FC) which allowed me to score the number of sperm cells from spermathecae of several ant species, and to demonstrate that polygynous species (such as L. humile and T. erraticum) store less sperm than monogynous ones. FCM also allows determining the ploidy of sperm and adult somatic cells and chapter 6 which presents a large survey on the ploidy level within the species T. erraticum. This species displays diploid males that may produce diploid sperm which in turn can father a viable triploid female progeny. I report differences in the frequency of triploidy among female castes, the proportion of triploid workers being more important than triploid virgin queens whereas I never observed triploid mated fertile queens. Such results greatly suggest a putative regulatory mechanism involved in the rearing of triploid females. In the last chapter I investigated two populations that differ in the occurrence of triploid workers. I report these populations to vary in the number of queens and workers per nest.

/La régulation de la reproduction est un aspect essentiel de la vie sociale. En particulier, chez les espèces eusociales, seuls quelques individus sont impliqués dans la production de la descendance. Dans les sociétés d’insectes, une telle division du travail reproducteur est principalement assurée par l’émission de phéromones par les reines. Ces phéromones royales renseignent les membres de la colonie sur la présence d’une reine fertile, de telle sorte que les ouvrières réagissent en s’occupant d’elle et en s’abstenant de se reproduire.

Au cours de ce travail, je me suis intéressé à deux aspects de la reproduction au sein de deux espèces de fourmis polygynes. La première espèce, Linepithema humile, est invasive, unicoloniale et hautement polygyne dans les régions à climat méditerranéen. Elle a fait l’objet de nombreuses études portant notamment sur les phéromones royales. En particulier, il a été montré que le profil d’hydrocarbures cuticulaires (HCC) des reines est corrélé à leur fertilité. La seconde espèce, Tapinoma erraticum, est une espèce indigène, multi-coloniale et faiblement polygyne. Ses ouvrières sont capables de pondre des œufs mâles en absence de reines, ce dont sont incapables les ouvrières de Linepithema.

Je me suis principalement intéressé à la question de la signalisation de la fertilité des reines. Dans les deux premiers chapitres, je démontre le lien existant entre la fertilité des reines et la production de phéromone royale. J’ai d’abord étudié une phéromone incitatrice (releaser) qui provoque un recrutement royal. Ce comportement collectif très caractéristique correspond à la mise en place d’une piste chimique en direction d’une reine découverte par les ouvrières en dehors du nid. Je montre que ce comportement est lié à la fertilité de la reine chez les espèces L. humile et T. erraticum car seules les reines fertiles (fécondées ou non) sont capables de d’induire le recrutement royal. Je mets ensuite en évidence le rôle de la fertilité des reines dans la régulation de la reproduction des ouvrières de T. erraticum. A nouveau, les reines fécondées fertiles et les reines vierges fertiles sont toutes deux capables d’induire un même effet déclencheur (primer), en l’occurrence, l’inhibition de la reproduction des ouvrières. Dans un troisième chapitre, je montre que les profils d’hydrocarbures (HCC) permettent de distinguer sans ambiguïté les différentes castes femelles (ouvrières, reines fertiles, reines vierges et reines vierges pondeuses) chez T. erraticum. Enfin, le chapitre 4 résume mes tentatives pour démontrer le rôle des HCC dans les phénomènes de recrutement royal ou d’attractivité des reines. Aucun des bio-essais réalisés ne me permet de démontrer l’implication des HCC dans la phéromone royale.

Dans une seconde partie, je me suis intéressé aux conséquences du déterminisme du sexe chez T. erraticum. Le chapitre 5 présente cytométrie de flux (CF), une méthode qui me permet de compter les spermatozoïdes stockés dans les spermathèques de quelques espèces de fourmis et de montrer que les reines des espèces polygynes (telles que L. humile et T. erraticum) stockent moins de sperme que les espèces monogynes. La CF permet aussi de déterminer le niveau de ploïdie des cellules spermatiques ou somatiques chez l’adulte. Je me sers de cette application dans le chapitre 6 afin d’étudier le niveau de ploïdie au sein de l’espèce T. erraticum. Je montre que, dans les populations étudiées, il existe des mâles diploïdes et que ces mâles peuvent produire du sperme diploïde fertile, capable d’engendrer une descendance femelle triploïde. Je note des différences dans la fréquence des femelles triploïdes :la proportion d’ouvrières triploïdes est significativement plus importante que celle des reines vierges triploïdes. De plus, je n’ai jamais observé la présence de reines fécondées fertiles triploïdes. De tels résultats suggèrent fortement la présence d’un phénomène de régulation au cours de l’élevage du couvain triploïde. Dans le dernier chapitre, j’ai étudié deux populations de T. erraticum qui diffèrent au niveau de la proportion d’ouvrières triploïdes. Ces populations présentent des différences significatives dans le nombre de reines et d’ouvrières par nid.


Doctorat en Sciences
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Books on the topic "Insect reproductive behaviour"

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Gadagkar, Raghavendra. Reproductive competition and behavioural caste differentiation in the neotropical wasp Polistes Versicolor (Hymenoptera, Vespidae). Bangalore, India: Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, 1986.

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Olzer, Rachel, Rebecca L. Ehrlich, Justa L. Heinen-Kay, Jessie Tanner, and Marlene Zuk. Reproductive behavior. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797500.003.0013.

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Sex and reproduction lie at the heart of studies of insect behavior. We begin by providing a brief overview of insect anatomy and physiology, followed by an introduction to the overarching themes of parental investment, sexual selection, and mating systems. We then take a sequential approach to illustrate the diversity of phenomena and concepts behind insect reproductive behavior from pre-copulatory mate signalling through copulatory sperm transfer, mating positions, and sexual conflict, to post-copulatory sperm competition, and cryptic female choice. We provide an overview of the evolutionary mechanisms driving reproductive behavior. These events are linked by the economic defendability of mates or resources, and how these are allocated in each sex. Under the framework of economic defendability, the reader can better understand how sexual antagonistic behaviors arise as the result of competing optimal fitness strategies between males and females.
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Hunt, John, James Rapkin, and Clarissa House. The genetics of reproductive behavior. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797500.003.0002.

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Genes play a fundamental role in the regulation and evolution of most phenotypic traits, including behavior. This chapter focuses on the genetics of reproductive behavior in insects.More specifically, the distribution of genetic effects for reproductive behavior in insects (many genes of small effect or few genes of large effect) is examined, as well as how these genes interact with each other, with genes for other important traits, and with the abiotic and social environments. The chapter concludes by discussing the wider implications of this complex genetic architecture to the evolution of reproductive behaviors in insects and outline some key directions for future research on this topic.
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Reproductive Behaviour of Insects: Individuals and populations. Springer, 1991.

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J, Bailey Winston, and Ridsdill-Smith J. 1942-, eds. Reproductive behaviour of insects: Individuals and populations. London: Chapman & Hall, 1991.

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Nijhout, H. Frederik, and Emily Laub. The role of hormones. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797500.003.0004.

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Many behaviors of insects are stimulated, modified, or modulated by hormones. The principal hormones involved are the same as the ones that control moulting, metamorphosis, and other aspects of development, principally ecdysone and juvenile hormone. In addition, a small handful of neurosecretory hormones are involved in the control of specific behaviors. Because behavior is a plastic trait, this chapter begins by outlining the biology and hormonal control of phenotypic plasticity in insects, and how the hormonal control of behavior fits in with other aspects of the control of phenotypic plasticity. The rest of the chapter is organized around the diversity of behaviors that are known to be controlled by or affected by hormones. These include eclosion and moulting behavior, the synthesis and release of pheromones, migration, parental care, dominance, reproductive behavior, and social behavior.
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Jermy, T. The Host-Plant in Relation to Insect Behaviour and Reproduction. Springer, 2011.

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The Host-Plant in Relation to Insect Behaviour and Reproduction. Springer, 2011.

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Engels, W., Bernhard Rensch, F. Ruttner, Wolf Engels, A. Buschinger, R. M. Crewe, K. Hartfelder, et al. Social Insects: An Evolutionary Approach to Castes and Reproduction. Springer, 2011.

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Evolution of Insect Mating Systems. Oxford University Press, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Insect reproductive behaviour"

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Matthews, Robert W., and Janice R. Matthews. "Reproductive Behavior." In Insect Behavior, 341–88. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2389-6_9.

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Vilela, Diogo Silva, and Iago Sanmartín-Villar. "Reproductive Behavior and Sexual Selection." In Aquatic Insects, 263–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16327-3_10.

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Ehrman, Lee, Norman L. Somerson, and Frederick J. Gottlieb. "Reproductive Isolation in a Neotropical Insect: Behavior and Microbiology." In Evolutionary Genetics of Invertebrate Behavior, 97–108. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3487-1_10.

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Velthuis, Hayo H. W., Friedrich Ruttner, and Robin M. Crewe. "Differentiation in Reproductive Physiology and Behaviour During the Development of Laying Worker Honey Bees." In Social Insects, 231–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74490-7_10.

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Cardé, Ring T. "The Role of Pheromones in Reproductive Isolation and Speciation of Insects." In Evolutionary Genetics of Invertebrate Behavior, 303–17. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3487-1_29.

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Lingren, P. D., J. R. Raulston, T. J. Henneberry, and A. N. Sparks. "Night-Vision Equipment, Reproductive Biology, and Nocturnal Behavior: Importance to Studies of Insect Flight, Dispersal, and Migration." In Proceedings in Life Sciences, 253–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71155-8_19.

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Moore, Patricia J. "Reproductive physiology and behaviour." In The Evolution of Insect Mating Systems, 78–91. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199678020.003.0005.

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Smith, Robert L. "Reproductive Behavior of Giant Water Bugs: I. Male Brooding." In Insect Behavior, 145–49. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429049262-21.

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Smith, Robert L. "Reproductive Behavior of Giant Water Bugs: II. Courtship, Role Reversal, and Paternity Assurance." In Insect Behavior, 150–53. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429049262-22.

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Heinze, Jürgen. "Reproductive Conflict in Insect Societies." In Advances in the Study of Behavior, 1–57. Elsevier, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0065-3454(04)34001-5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Insect reproductive behaviour"

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Binyameen, Muhammad. "Linking ecological adaptations in olfaction based reproductive behaviors in a phytophagous and a bloodsucking insect species." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.115682.

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