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Journal articles on the topic 'Input sampling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 23 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Fitzmaurice, George W., Ravin Balakrisnan, and Gordon Kurtenbach. "Sampling, synthesis, and input devices." Communications of the ACM 42, no. 8 (August 1999): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/310930.310973.

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2

Fadavi, R., A. Keyhani, and S. S. Mohtasebi. "An analysis of energy use, input costs and relation between energy inputs and yield of apple orchard." Research in Agricultural Engineering 57, No. 3 (September 22, 2011): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/0/2010-rae.

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This study examines the energy balance between the input and the output per hectare for an apple orchard in the West Azarbaijan province in Iran (2008–2009). Data were collected by using random sampling method for 80 “face to face” questioners. Results showed that the highest share of energy consumption belongs to packaging (57%) and irrigation (16%). The highest share of expenses was found to be 34% and 30% for labor and packaging, respectively. The total energy input for apple production, energy productivity, net energy and output-input energy value were estimated as 101,505 MJ/ha, 0.23 kg/MJ, –56,320 MJ/ha and 0.44, respectively. Results indicated that 71% and 96.7% of total energy input were in indirect and non-renewable form, respectively. The benefit-cost ratio was estimated as 1.77. The regression results revealed that all exogenous variables (for machinery, fertilizers, farmyard manure and packaging energies) were found statistically significant. The packaging had the highest impact (3.23). According to the benefit-cost ratio, large farms were more successful in economic performance.

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3

Ataya, Aya, Won Kim, Ahmed Elsharkawy, and SeungJun Kim. "Gaze-Head Input: Examining Potential Interaction with Immediate Experience Sampling in an Autonomous Vehicle." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (December 17, 2020): 9011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10249011.

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Autonomous vehicles (AV) increasingly allow drivers to engage in secondary tasks such as eating or working on a laptop and thus require easy and reliable interaction inputs to facilitate communication between the driver and the vehicle. However, drivers report feeling less in control when driving is no longer the primary task, which suggests that novel approaches for assessing satisfaction regarding AV decision-making are needed. Therefore, we propose an immediate experience sampling method (IESM) that learns driver preferences for AV actions. We also suggest gaze-head input (G-HI) as a novel input in an AV. G-HI provides a hands-free, remote, and intuitive input modality that allows drivers to interact with the AV while continuing to engage in non-driving related tasks. We compare G-HI with voice and touch inputs via IESM for two simulated driving scenarios. Our results report the differences among the three inputs in terms of system usability, reaction time, and perceived workload. It also reveals that G-HI is a promising candidate for AV input interaction, which could replace voice or touch inputs where those inputs could not be utilized. Variation in driver satisfaction and expectations for AV actions confirms the effectiveness of using IESM to increase drivers’ sense of control.

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4

Berger, C. S., and D. Peduto. "Robust digital control using multi-rate input sampling." International Journal of Control 67, no. 5 (January 1997): 813–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/002071797224018.

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5

Venkataramani, R., and Y. Bresler. "Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Sampling: Necessary Density Conditions." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 50, no. 8 (August 2004): 1754–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tit.2004.831755.

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6

Chang, D., and U. Moon. "1 V input sampling circuit with improved linearity." Electronics Letters 37, no. 8 (2001): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20010333.

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7

Beringer, Dennis B. "Touch Panel Sampling Strategies and Keypad Performance Comparisons." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 33, no. 2 (October 1989): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128903300215.

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A study was conducted to improve accuracy of touch input devices to be used in helicopter evnironments through serial sampling and minima selection algorithms. Neither first nor last contact point was congruent with point of minimum error and sampling techniques were derived to reduce error without using “touch-mouse” strategies, being most effective for the infrared panel. Wearing flight gloves and using the nonpreferred hand had no practical detrimental effects on performance for a high-resolution touch input task. In a second study several types of mechanical keypads were compared with the two types of touch-input devices. Results obtained with this menu-selection task suggested no practical degradation in performance when substituting the touch input devices for bezel-mounted hardware keys. This was true of both error rate (in a qualified sense) and response time. It was concluded that the touch-input devices could provide flexibility for high-resolution input using maps and other spatial forms of data while allowing effective use of previously developed menus and menu-selection routines without the need for auxiliary bezel-mounted mechanical keys.

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8

Sahlberg, A., C. Hellesen, J. Eriksson, S. Conroy, G. Ericsson, and D. King. "Propagating transport-code input parameter uncertainties with deterministic sampling." Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 60, no. 12 (November 6, 2018): 125010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aae80b.

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9

Hartley, Tom T., Guy O. Beale, and Gerald Cook. "Multirate Input Sampling for Real-Time Runge-Kutta Simulation." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics IE-34, no. 3 (August 1987): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.1987.350989.

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10

Lee, Dae Gwan, Gotz E. Pfander, and Volker Pohl. "Sampling and Reconstruction of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Channels." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 67, no. 4 (February 15, 2019): 961–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2018.2886150.

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Liu, Dan, Li Fu Zhang, and Bao Bin Xie. "Robust Stability of Sampling System with Input Time-Delay." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 1239–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.1239.

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This paper studies the problem of robust stability of sampling system with long time-delay. In such system, time-delay and norm-bounded variation has been considered, and then, a sufficient condition of robust stability is derived Lyapunov-based method. Finally, feasibility and effectiveness has been shown by a numerical example.

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12

Yoo, Tae-Sic, Brian R. Westphal, and Kevin P. Carney. "Nuclear material input accountancy with a representative sampling method." Annals of Nuclear Energy 135 (January 2020): 106970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2019.106970.

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13

Zhen, Xiao Qiong, and Zhen Dong Yao. "Vertical Sampling Based on Testing Time via ADC." Applied Mechanics and Materials 20-23 (January 2010): 618–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.20-23.618.

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An unavoidable disadvantage of most traditional sampling methods is the large amount of samples data preservation during sampling process. Equivalent Time Sampling is a popular sampling method which usually used in oscilloscope technology. When input signals have the similar features as the jump signal, whose information focus in a very short period of time, the Equivalent Time Sampling’s disadvantage will become more obvious. This paper proposed a new sampling method named Vertical Sampling based on testing time via ADC. High-speed voltage comparator, ADC, and mathematical model between phase and time are used in this method. The whole system obtains unknown input signal’s tendency information and the time difference information to accomplish the sampling process. Experimental results proved this new method’s effectiveness on reducing the samples for three kinds of signals especially for the jump signals.

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14

Tsimbinos, J., and K. V. Lever. "Input Nyquist sampling suffices to identify and compensate nonlinear systems." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 46, no. 10 (1998): 2833–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/78.720389.

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15

Carta, Giorgio, Valeria Onnis, Andrew J. S. Knox, Darren Fayne, and David G. Lloyd. "Permuting input for more effective sampling of 3D conformer space." Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design 20, no. 3 (March 2006): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10822-006-9044-4.

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16

Zhao, Ping, Ben Niu, Wei Feng, and Zhiguo Yan. "Input-to-State Stability and Stabilization of Sampled-Data Systems Under Aperiodic Sampling and Random Sampling." IEEE Access 9 (2021): 47657–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3058153.

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17

Huang, Guo Bing, Hua Li Li, and Rui Ling Li. "Implementation of Alternating Analog Input Board on ARM7." Advanced Materials Research 823 (October 2013): 532–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.823.532.

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AC signal sampling technology is the basis of measure and control for electric power system and motor. A hardware synchronous AC signal sampling board is designed for an embedded SCADA system based on LPC2138 and ADS8365. The design principle and implementation methods of the hardware and software of the board are introduced in this paper. As parts of an eSCADA system, the modules have been brought into use at power plants and power control centers since 2012. The result of experiment and industry application shows that the sampling accuracy and real-time performance meet the requirements of relevant standards, and these boards work stably and reliably.

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Metzer, Gal, Rana Hanocka, Raja Giryes, and Daniel Cohen-Or. "Self-Sampling for Neural Point Cloud Consolidation." ACM Transactions on Graphics 40, no. 5 (October 31, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3470645.

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We introduce a novel technique for neural point cloud consolidation which learns from only the input point cloud. Unlike other point up-sampling methods which analyze shapes via local patches, in this work, we learn from global subsets. We repeatedly self-sample the input point cloud with global subsets that are used to train a deep neural network. Specifically, we define source and target subsets according to the desired consolidation criteria (e.g., generating sharp points or points in sparse regions). The network learns a mapping from source to target subsets, and implicitly learns to consolidate the point cloud. During inference, the network is fed with random subsets of points from the input, which it displaces to synthesize a consolidated point set. We leverage the inductive bias of neural networks to eliminate noise and outliers, a notoriously difficult problem in point cloud consolidation. The shared weights of the network are optimized over the entire shape, learning non-local statistics and exploiting the recurrence of local-scale geometries. Specifically, the network encodes the distribution of the underlying shape surface within a fixed set of local kernels, which results in the best explanation of the underlying shape surface. We demonstrate the ability to consolidate point sets from a variety of shapes, while eliminating outliers and noise.

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19

Wang, Zhi wen, and Ge Guo. "On model-based networked control system with multi-rate input sampling." International Journal of Modelling, Identification and Control 10, no. 1/2 (2010): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmic.2010.033860.

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20

Bogus, E. G., M. J. Hoskins, and B. J. Hunsinger. "Input I-V and sampling time characteristics of the ACT device." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 38, no. 4 (April 1991): 831–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/16.75213.

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21

Blanchet, Jose, Yanan Pei, and Karl Sigman. "Exact sampling for some multi-dimensional queueing models with renewal input." Advances in Applied Probability 51, no. 4 (November 15, 2019): 1179–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/apr.2019.45.

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AbstractUsing a result of Blanchet and Wallwater (2015) for exactly simulating the maximum of a negative drift random walk queue endowed with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) increments, we extend it to a multi-dimensional setting and then we give a new algorithm for simulating exactly the stationary distribution of a first-in–first-out (FIFO) multi-server queue in which the arrival process is a general renewal process and the service times are i.i.d.: the FIFO GI/GI/c queue with $ 2 \leq c \lt \infty$ . Our method utilizes dominated coupling from the past (DCFP) as well as the random assignment (RA) discipline, and complements the earlier work in which Poisson arrivals were assumed, such as the recent work of Connor and Kendall (2015). We also consider the models in continuous time, and show that with mild further assumptions, the exact simulation of those stationary distributions can also be achieved. We also give, using our FIFO algorithm, a new exact simulation algorithm for the stationary distribution of the infinite server case, the GI/GI/ $\infty$ model. Finally, we even show how to handle fork–join queues, in which each arriving customer brings c jobs, one for each server.

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22

Luo, Dong Song, and Li Zhou. "Switched Control Strategy for Networked System with Multi-Rate Input Sampling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 128-129 (October 2011): 1070–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.128-129.1070.

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In this paper, control problem of networked control system with multi-rate input sampling is considered. By lifting technique, the system is transformed into a single-rate sampling system. Channel transmission strategies for both output and input channel are presented in view of the limited communication capacity. Such strategies lead to a switched system configuration. Then, switched control strategy is implemented and control algorithm that guarantees the stability of the systems is presented.

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23

Manian, Dinesh, James M. Kaihatu, and Emily M. Zechman. "Using Genetic Algorithms to Optimize Bathymetric Sampling for Predictive Model Input." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 29, no. 3 (March 1, 2012): 464–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-11-00051.1.

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Abstract This paper describes the use of an optimization method to effectively reduce the required bathymetric sampling for forcing a numerical forecast model by using the model’s sensitivity to this input. A genetic algorithm is developed to gradually evolve the survey path for a ship, autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), or other measurement platform to an optimum, with the resulting effect of the corresponding measured bathymetry on the model used as a metric. Starting from an initial simulated set of possible random or heuristic sampling paths over the given bathymetry using certain constraints like limited length of track, the algorithm can be used to arrive at the path that would provide the best possible input to the model under those constraints. This suitability is tested by a comparison of the model results obtained by using these new simulated observations, with the results obtained using the most recent and complete bathymetric data available. Two test study areas were considered, and the algorithm was found to consistently converge to a sampling pattern that best captured the bathymetric variability critical to the model prediction.

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24

Kersey, A. D., and M. J. Marrone. "Quadrature phase sampling of a fibre interferometer by input-polarisation switching." Electronics Letters 26, no. 11 (May 24, 1990): 686–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19900448.

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25

Maharaj, Sridevi, Brennan Tracy, and Wayne B. Hayes. "BLANT—fast graphlet sampling tool." Bioinformatics 35, no. 24 (August 2, 2019): 5363–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz603.

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Abstract Summary BLAST creates local sequence alignments by first building a database of small k-letter sub-sequences called k-mers. Identical k-mers from different regions provide ‘seeds’ for longer local alignments. This seed-and-extend heuristic makes BLAST extremely fast and has led to its almost exclusive use despite the existence of more accurate, but slower, algorithms. In this paper, we introduce the Basic Local Alignment for Networks Tool (BLANT). BLANT is the analog of BLAST, but for networks: given an input graph, it samples small, induced, k-node sub-graphs called k-graphlets. Graphlets have been used to classify networks, quantify structure, align networks both locally and globally, identify topology-function relationships and build taxonomic trees without the use of sequences. Given an input network, BLANT produces millions of graphlet samples in seconds—orders of magnitude faster than existing methods. BLANT offers sampled graphlets in various forms: distributions of graphlets or their orbits; graphlet degree or graphlet orbit degree vectors, the latter being compatible with ORCA; or an index to be used as the basis for seed-and-extend local alignments. We demonstrate BLANT’s usefelness by using its indexing mode to find functional similarity between yeast and human PPI networks. Availability and implementation BLANT is written in C and is available at https://github.com/waynebhayes/BLANT/releases. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

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Markovic, Bogdan, and Jelena Certic. "FPGA realization of Farrow structure for sampling rate change." Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering 13, no. 1 (2016): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sjee1601083m.

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In numerous implementations of modern telecommunications and digital audio systems there is a need for sampling rate change of the system input signal. When the relation between signal input and output sampling frequencies is a fraction of two large integer numbers, Lagrange interpolation based on Farrow structure can be used for the efficient realization of the resample block. This paper highlights efficient realization and estimation of necessary resources for polynomial cubic Lagrange interpolation in the case of the demand for the signal sampling rate change with the factor 160/147 on Field-Programmable Gate Array architecture (FPGA).

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27

Sapsis, Themistoklis P. "Output-weighted optimal sampling for Bayesian regression and rare event statistics using few samples." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 476, no. 2234 (February 2020): 20190834. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2019.0834.

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For many important problems the quantity of interest is an unknown function of the parameters, which is a random vector with known statistics. Since the dependence of the output on this random vector is unknown, the challenge is to identify its statistics, using the minimum number of function evaluations. This problem can be seen in the context of active learning or optimal experimental design. We employ Bayesian regression to represent the derived model uncertainty due to finite and small number of input–output pairs. In this context we evaluate existing methods for optimal sample selection, such as model error minimization and mutual information maximization. We show that for the case of known output variance, the commonly employed criteria in the literature do not take into account the output values of the existing input–output pairs, while for the case of unknown output variance this dependence can be very weak. We introduce a criterion that takes into account the values of the output for the existing samples and adaptively selects inputs from regions of the parameter space which have an important contribution to the output. The new method allows for application to high-dimensional inputs, paving the way for optimal experimental design in high dimensions.

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Hinich, Melvin J. "SAMPLING DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS." Macroeconomic Dynamics 3, no. 4 (December 1999): 602–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100599013073.

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Linear dynamical systems are widely used in many different fields from engineering to economics. One simple but important class of such systems is called the single-input transfer function model. Suppose that all variables of the system are sampled for a period using a fixed sample rate. The central issue of this paper is the determination of the smallest sampling rate that will yield a sample that will allow the investigator to identify the discrete-time representation of the system. A critical sampling rate exists that will identify the model. This rate, called the Nyquist rate, is twice the highest frequency component of the system. Sampling at a lower rate will result in an identification problem that is serious. The standard assumptions made about the model and the unobserved innovation errors in the model protect the investigators from the identification problem and resulting biases of undersampling. The critical assumption that is needed to identify an undersampled system is that at least one of the exogenous time series be white noise.

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Gao, Wei Qi, Hui Wan, Jin Zhang, Pin Yang, Yan Lin Zhang, and Yi Tao. "A Multi-Channel, 16-Bit, 250[kHz], Simultaneous Sampling ADC." Applied Mechanics and Materials 446-447 (November 2013): 901–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.446-447.901.

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A 16-bit multi-channel simultaneous sampling ADC of wide analog input was designed. This ADC had a maximum conversion rate of 250[kSPS]. The ADC was implemented in 0.6[um] 2P3M standard CMOS process+high voltage CMOS process. For ±10 [V]/10[kHz] sine analog input and 250[kSPS] sampling rate, the testing result of the ADC at room temperature is that INL is 1.7[LSB], SINAD is 85.3[dB], EFS-is 0.055[%FS], EFS+ is 0.039[%FS].

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30

Petrellis, Nikos. "Sub-Sampling in OFDM with Constant Time Signal Recovery." Image Processing & Communications 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ipc-2016-0008.

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Abstract The sub-sampling method for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing proposed recently, has been extended in this paper allowing the Analog-to-Digital Converter on the receiver side to operate in low power mode, up to 3/4 of the time. The predictability of the parity patterns generated by the Forward Error Correction encoder of the transmitter, when sparse data are exchanged, is exploited in order to define appropriate Inverse Fast Fourier Transform input symbol arrangements. These symbol arrangements allow the substitution of a number of samples by others that have already been received. Moreover, several operations of the Fast Fourier Transform can be omitted because their result is zero when identical values appear at its input. The advantages of the proposed method are: low power, higher speed and fewer memory resources. Despite other iterative sub-sampling approaches like Compressive Sampling, the proposed method is not iterative and thus it can be implemented with very low complexity hardware. The simulation results show that full input signal recovery or at least a very low Bit Error Rate is achieved in most of the cases that have been tested.

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von Oettingen, G., B. Bergholt, M. Rasmussen, L. Østergaard, and J. Astrup. "End-tidal vs arterial input sampling error analysis in an animal model." Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases 6, no. 6 (October 1997): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1052-3057(97)80099-7.

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von Oettingen, G., B. Bergholt, L. Østergaard, C. Gyldensted, and J. Astrup. "End-tidal vs arterial input sampling in patients with severe head injury." Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases 6, no. 6 (October 1997): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1052-3057(97)80101-2.

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33

Pun, K. P., W. T. Cheng, C. S. Choy, and C. F. Chan. "A 75-dB Image Rejection IF-Input Quadrature-Sampling SC$SigmaDelta$Modulator." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 41, no. 6 (June 2006): 1353–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2006.874252.

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Weiss, G. "Preservation of controllability of single-input time-varying linear systems under sampling." IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 50, no. 12 (December 2005): 2094–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tac.2005.860276.

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35

Li, Xianjin, and Dagan Feng. "Optimal Sampling Schedule for Both the Input and Output Functions Sampled Simultaneously." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 30, no. 2 (March 1997): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)44585-x.

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Chen, Wei, and Mark Fuge. "Active expansion sampling for learning feasible domains in an unbounded input space." Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 57, no. 3 (January 19, 2018): 925–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00158-017-1894-y.

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37

Cai, Defu, Dongyuan Shi, and Jinfu Chen. "Probabilistic load flow with correlated input random variables using uniform design sampling." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 63 (December 2014): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2014.05.027.

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38

Surikno, Okik, and Tole Sutikno. "Improved Sampling in Carrier-Based Discountinuous SVPWM Simulation." Buletin Ilmiah Sarjana Teknik Elektro 2, no. 3 (December 5, 2020): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/biste.v2i3.1753.

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In this study, a circuit was designed to improve sampling in discontinuous SVPWM simulations using Quartus II software. The v_beta_sin unit was successfully simulated using the waveform editor. The results displayed are in accordance with previous calculations, if the input is 000000001 then the output is 100000011 and so on. The v_alfa_cos unit is also successfully simulated using the waveform editor. The simulation results if the input is 000000001 then the output is 111111111 and so on, according to the previous calculation. The unit counter was successfully simulated using the block diagram in Quartus II. The output of this unit counter is in the form of 9 bits to retrieve v_beta_sin and v_alfa_cos data. The v_beta_sin, v_alfa_cos and counter units used as reference signals are successfully simulated and can be used as a supporting circuit in the simulation of the discontinuous SVPWM method. The results of the simulation show an increase in sampling or sampling by 512.

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Surikno, Okik, and Tole Sutikno. "Improved Sampling in Carrier-Based Discountinuous SVPWM Simulation." Buletin Ilmiah Sarjana Teknik Elektro 2, no. 3 (December 5, 2020): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/biste.v2i3.1753.

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In this study, a circuit was designed to improve sampling in discontinuous SVPWM simulations using Quartus II software. The v_beta_sin unit was successfully simulated using the waveform editor. The results displayed are in accordance with previous calculations, if the input is 000000001 then the output is 100000011 and so on. The v_alfa_cos unit is also successfully simulated using the waveform editor. The simulation results if the input is 000000001 then the output is 111111111 and so on, according to the previous calculation. The unit counter was successfully simulated using the block diagram in Quartus II. The output of this unit counter is in the form of 9 bits to retrieve v_beta_sin and v_alfa_cos data. The v_beta_sin, v_alfa_cos and counter units used as reference signals are successfully simulated and can be used as a supporting circuit in the simulation of the discontinuous SVPWM method. The results of the simulation show an increase in sampling or sampling by 512.

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40

Bentivegna, Marco, Nicolò Spagnolo, Chiara Vitelli, Fulvio Flamini, Niko Viggianiello, Ludovico Latmiral, Paolo Mataloni, et al. "Experimental scattershot boson sampling." Science Advances 1, no. 3 (April 2015): e1400255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1400255.

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Boson sampling is a computational task strongly believed to be hard for classical computers, but efficiently solvable by orchestrated bosonic interference in a specialized quantum computer. Current experimental schemes, however, are still insufficient for a convincing demonstration of the advantage of quantum over classical computation. A new variation of this task, scattershot boson sampling, leads to an exponential increase in speed of the quantum device, using a larger number of photon sources based on parametric down-conversion. This is achieved by having multiple heralded single photons being sent, shot by shot, into different random input ports of the interferometer. We report the first scattershot boson sampling experiments, where six different photon-pair sources are coupled to integrated photonic circuits. We use recently proposed statistical tools to analyze our experimental data, providing strong evidence that our photonic quantum simulator works as expected. This approach represents an important leap toward a convincing experimental demonstration of the quantum computational supremacy.

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41

Chung, Tagyoung, Licheng Fang, Daniel Gildea, and Daniel Štefankovič. "Sampling Tree Fragments from Forests." Computational Linguistics 40, no. 1 (March 2014): 203–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00170.

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We study the problem of sampling trees from forests, in the setting where probabilities for each tree may be a function of arbitrarily large tree fragments. This setting extends recent work for sampling to learn Tree Substitution Grammars to the case where the tree structure (TSG derived tree) is not fixed. We develop a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm which corrects for the bias introduced by unbalanced forests, and we present experiments using the algorithm to learn Synchronous Context-Free Grammar rules for machine translation. In this application, the forests being sampled represent the set of Hiero-style rules that are consistent with fixed input word-level alignments. We demonstrate equivalent machine translation performance to standard techniques but with much smaller grammars.

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Huang, Xing Fa, Rong Bin Hu, and Liang Li. "A CMOS Input Buffer for High-Resolution A/D Converters with High Sampling Rates." Applied Mechanics and Materials 678 (October 2014): 497–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.678.497.

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With respect to the application of high-speed, high-resolution A/D converter, the design and implementation of a CMOS input buffer is introduced. The buffer features high-speed and high-linearity. Its performances have been verified in a 14-bit 250MSPS pipelined A/D converter which is developed in 0.18um CMOS-based process technology. The simulation shows that the SFDR of the buffer is up to 104dB at an input clock of 250MHz with an input signal of 25MHz.

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Piedad, Eduardo Jr, Yu-Tung Chen, Hong-Chan Chang, and Cheng-Chien Kuo. "Frequency Occurrence Plot-Based Convolutional Neural Network for Motor Fault Diagnosis." Electronics 9, no. 10 (October 18, 2020): 1711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9101711.

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A novel motor fault diagnosis using only motor current signature is developed using a frequency occurrence plot-based convolutional neural network (FOP-CNN). In this study, a healthy motor and four identical motors with synthetically applied fault conditions—bearing axis deviation, stator coil inter-turn short circuiting, a broken rotor strip, and outer bearing ring damage—are tested. A set of 150 three-second sampling stator current signals from each motor fault condition are taken under five artificial coupling loads (0, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). The sampling signals are collected and processed into frequency occurrence plots (FOPs) which later serve as CNN inputs. This is done first by transforming the time series signals into its frequency spectra then convert these into two-dimensional FOPs. Fivefold stratified sampling cross-validation is performed. When motor load variations are considered as input labels, FOP-CNN predicts motor fault conditions with a 92.37% classification accuracy. It precisely classifies and recalls bearing axis deviation fault and healthy conditions with 99.92% and 96.13% f-scores, respectively. When motor loading variations are not used as input data labels, FOP-CNN still satisfactorily predicts motor condition with an 80.25% overall accuracy. FOP-CNN serves as a new feature extraction technique for time series input signals such as vibration sensors, thermocouples, and acoustics.

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Anglart, Dorota, Charlotte Hallén-Sandgren, Patrik Waldmann, Martin Wiedemann, and Ulf Emanuelson. "Modeling cow somatic cell count using sensor data as input to generalized additive models." Journal of Dairy Research 87, no. 3 (August 2020): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029920000692.

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AbstractThis research paper presents a study investigating if sensor data from an automatic milking rotary could be used to model cow somatic cell count (composite milk SCC: CMSCC). CMSCC is valuable for udder health monitoring and individual cow udder health surveillance could be improved by predicting CMSCC between routine samplings. Data regularly recorded in the automatic milking rotary, in one German dairy herd, were collected for analysis. The cows (Holstein-Friesian, n = 372) were milked twice daily and sampled once weekly in afternoon milkings for 8 weeks for CMSCC. From the potential independent variables, including quarter conductivity, milk flow, blood in milk, kick-offs, not milked quarters and incomplete milkings, new variables that combined quarter data were created. Past period records, i.e. lags, of up to seven days before the actual CMSCC sampling event were added in the dataset to investigate if they were of use in modeling the cell count. Univariable generalized additive models (GAM) were used to screen the data to select potential independent variables. Furthermore, several multivariable GAM were fitted in order to compare the importance of the potential independent variables and to explore how the model performance would be affected by using data from various number of days before the CMSCC sampling event. The result of the model selection showed that the best explanation of CMSCC was provided by the model incorporating all significant variables from the variable screening for the seven preceding days, including the day of the CMSCC sampling event. However, using data from only three days before the CMSCC sampling event is suggested to be sufficient to model CMSCC. Variables combining conductivity quarter data, together with quarter conductivity, are suggested to be important in describing CMSCC. We conclude that CMSCC can be modeled with a high degree of explanation using the information routinely recorded by the milking robot.

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Oubennaceur, Khalid, Karem Chokmani, Miroslav Nastev, Yves Gauthier, Jimmy Poulin, Marion Tanguy, Sebastien Raymond, and Rachid Lhissou. "New Sensitivity Indices of a 2D Flood Inundation Model Using Gauss Quadrature Sampling." Geosciences 9, no. 5 (May 14, 2019): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9050220.

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A new method for sensitivity analysis of water depths is presented based on a two-dimensional hydraulic model as a convenient and cost-effective alternative to Monte Carlo simulations. The method involves perturbation of the probability distribution of input variables. A relative sensitivity index is calculated for each variable, using the Gauss quadrature sampling, thus limiting the number of runs of the hydraulic model. The variable-related highest variation of the expected water depths is considered to be the most influential. The proposed method proved particularly efficient, requiring less information to describe model inputs and fewer model executions to calculate the sensitivity index. It was tested over a 45 km long reach of the Richelieu River, Canada. A 2D hydraulic model was used to solve the shallow water equations (SWE). Three input variables were considered: Flow rate, Manning’s coefficient, and topography of a shoal within the considered reach. Four flow scenarios were simulated with discharge rates of 759, 824, 936, and 1113 m 3 / s . The results show that the predicted water depths were most sensitive to the topography of the shoal, whereas the sensitivity indices of Manning’s coefficient and the flow rate were comparatively lower. These results are important for making better hydraulic models, taking into account the sensitivity analysis.

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Rothstein, Stuart M. "A survey on pure sampling in quantum Monte Carlo methods." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 91, no. 7 (July 2013): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2012-0539.

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The most commonly employed diffusion Monte Carlo algorithm and some of its variants afford a way to sample configuration space from a so-called “mixed distribution”, the product of an input trial solution to the Schrödinger equation for the ground state and its unknown exact solution. This mixed distribution is sufficient to compute the ground state energy and other properties represented by operators that commute with the Hamiltonian. These energy-related properties are exact, save for a small bias introduced by the input trial function’s incorrect exchange nodes, the so-called “fixed-node error”. However, properties represented by operators that commute with the position operator are also of interest. When calculated by sampling from the mixed distribution, these properties are much more strongly biased by the input trial function. Our objective is to review methods that allow sampling from the desired “pure” distribution, one that is unbiased except for the exchange node error. Thereby, one accurately calculates physical properties such as the dipole and other electrical moments, electrical response properties of molecules, and particle distribution functions for clusters. We survey the results of calculations that employ pure-sampling methods through what has been published in year 2012. Our review also touches on truly exact sampling methods.

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VanRullen, Rufin, Benedikt Zoefel, and Barkin Ilhan. "On the cyclic nature of perception in vision versus audition." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 369, no. 1641 (May 5, 2014): 20130214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0214.

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Does our perceptual awareness consist of a continuous stream, or a discrete sequence of perceptual cycles, possibly associated with the rhythmic structure of brain activity? This has been a long-standing question in neuroscience. We review recent psychophysical and electrophysiological studies indicating that part of our visual awareness proceeds in approximately 7–13 Hz cycles rather than continuously. On the other hand, experimental attempts at applying similar tools to demonstrate the discreteness of auditory awareness have been largely unsuccessful. We argue and demonstrate experimentally that visual and auditory perception are not equally affected by temporal subsampling of their respective input streams: video sequences remain intelligible at sampling rates of two to three frames per second, whereas audio inputs lose their fine temporal structure, and thus all significance, below 20–30 samples per second. This does not mean, however, that our auditory perception must proceed continuously. Instead, we propose that audition could still involve perceptual cycles, but the periodic sampling should happen only after the stage of auditory feature extraction. In addition, although visual perceptual cycles can follow one another at a spontaneous pace largely independent of the visual input, auditory cycles may need to sample the input stream more flexibly, by adapting to the temporal structure of the auditory inputs.

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Prasetyowati, Tri Ari, Ari Yuniastuti, and Oktia Woro Kasmini Handayani. "ANALISIS ASPEK INPUT PADA UPAYA PROMOSI PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF." Jurnal Litbang: Media Informasi Penelitian, Pengembangan dan IPTEK 15, no. 1 (July 22, 2019): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33658/jl.v15i1.128.

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ENGLISHThe benefits of exclusive breastfeeding are in accordance with one of the goals of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), namely reducing child mortality and improving maternal health. The research objective is to analyze the implementation of input aspects of promotional efforts for exclusive breastfeeding including: 1) human resources (HR), 2) funding resources, 3) infrastructure, and 4) availability of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). This research uses qualitative approach which is focused on efforts to promote exclusive breastfeeding. The informants of the study were determined by purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques. Data collection technique uses in-depth interview. The results of the study are: 1) midwives become official workers to promote exclusive breastfeeding, 2) the funding for exclusive breastfeeding promotion comes from the government, 3) the infrastructures to support exclusive breastfeeding are available sufficiently, and 4) standard operating procedures to support exclusive breastfeeding are not available yet. Finally, The Government is recommended to strengthen exclusive breastfeeding promotions by allocating special promotion workers in sufficient number, providing SOPs to promote exclusive breastfeeding. INDONESIAManfaat pemberian air susu ibu (ASI) eksklusif sesuai dengan salah satu tujuan dari Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) yaitu mengurangi tingkat kematian anak dan meningkatkan kesehatan ibu. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis implementasi aspek input upaya promosi pemberian ASI eksklusif yang meliputi: Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM), sumber dana, sarana prasarana, dan ketersediaan SOP. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang difokuskan pada upaya-upaya promosi pemberian ASI eksklusif. Informan penelitian ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling dan snowball sampling. Teknik pengambilan data dengan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) sumber daya manusia yang melakukan promosi ASI eksklusif adalah bidan, 2) sumber dana promosi ASI eksklusif dari pemerintah berupa dana Bantuan Operasional Kesehatan (BOK), 3) ketersediaan sarana prasarana promosi ASI eksklusif sudah memadai, dan 4) belum tersedianya SOP promosi pemberian ASI eksklusif. Oleh karena itu Dinas Kesehatan perlu membuat SOP yang jelas untuk promosi pemberian ASI eksklusif bagi petugas promosi kesehatan. Puskesmas perlu melakukan upaya perekrutan tenaga khusus untuk promosi kesehatan.

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Muzamil, Muzamil. "01 ANALISIS EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN INPUT PRODUKSI PADA USAHATANI JAGUNG DI KEC. GERUNG KAB. LOMBOK BARAT." AGROTEKSOS: Agronomi Teknologi dan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian 29, no. 1 (March 3, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/agroteksos.v29i1.174.

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ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) Mengetahui biaya dan pendapatan usahatani jagung di Kecamatan Gerung Kabupaten Lombok Barat; (2) Menganalisis tingkat Efisiensi penggunaan input produksi pada usahatani jagung di Kecamatan Gerung Kabupaten Lombok Barat; (3) Mengetahui kendala-kendala yang dihadapi oleh petani dalam proses produksi usahatani jagung di Kecamatan Gerung Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Penentuan daerah sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan dipilih 2 Kelurahan yaitu Kelurahan Gerung Utara dan Dasan Geres dengan pertimbangan masyarakat kedua kelurahan tersebut adalah yang paling aktif kelompok taninya. Penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan quota sampling sehingga dipilih 30 petani sebagai responden. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) Pendapatan usahatani jagung di Kecamatan Gerung Kabupaten Lombok Barat per LLG (0,80 Ha) sebesar Rp. 7.652.663,94 atau Rp. 10.295.008,60 per Ha; (2) Penggunaan input produksi X1 (Luas Lahan), X2 (Benih), X3 (Pupuk Urea), X4 (Pupuk NPK), X5 (Pestisida) dan X6 (Tenaga Kerja) secara serempak berpengaruh nyata terhadap hasil produksi jagung di Kecamatan Gerung. Namun, secara parsial hanya variabel X1 (Luas Lahan) dan X2 (Benih), yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap hasil produksi jagung. Tingkat efisiensi penggunaan input produksi X2 (Benih), X3 (Pupuk Urea) dan X6 (Tenga Kerja) tidak efisien sehingga perlu adanya pengurangan jumlah penggunaan masing-masing input produksi tersebut, sedangkan tingkat efisiensi penggunaan input produksi X1 (Luas Lahan), X4 (Pupuk NPK) dan X5 (Pestisida) belum efisien sehingga perlu adanya penambahan jumlah penggunaan input produksi lahan. Kendala terbesar yang dialami oleh petani jagung di Kecamatan Gerung adalah ketersediaan air dan penyakit tanaman. Kendala yang lain adalah ketersediaan pupuk, perubahan cuaca, hama, modal dan tenaga kerja. ABSTRACT The purposes of the study were: (1) Knowing the costs and income of corn farming in Gerung District, West Lombok Regency; (2) Analyzing the level of efficiency of the use of production inputs in corn farming in Gerung District, West Lombok Regency; (3) Knowing the constraints faced by farmers in the production process of corn farming in Gerung District, West Lombok Regency.This research uses a descriptive method. Determination of the sample area using purposive sampling and selected 2 Kelurahan, namely Gerung Utara and Dasan Geres villages with community considerations, both villages are the most active of their farmer groups. Determination of the number of samples using quota sampling so that 30 farmers were selected as respondents.The results of this study were (1) income of corn farming in Gerung District, West Lombok Regency per LLG (0.80 Ha) of Rp. 7,652,663.94 or Rp. 10,295,008,60 per Ha; (2) The use of production inputs X1 (Land Area), X2 (Seed), X3 (Urea Fertilizer), X4 (NPK Fertilizer), X5 (Pesticide) and X6 (Labor) simultaneously have a significant effect on the yield of corn in Gerung District. However, partially only variables X1 (Land Area) and X2 (Seed), which significantly affect the yield of corn. The level of efficiency in the use of production inputs X2 (Seed), X3 (Urea Fertilizer) and X6 (Work Tenga) is not efficient so there needs to be a reduction in the number of uses of each production input, while the level of efficiency in the use of production inputs X1 (Land Area), X4 (NPK Fertilizer and X5 (Pesticide) have not been efficient so there is a need to increase the amount of land use input. The biggest obstacle experienced by corn farmers in Gerung District is the availability of water and plant diseases. Another obstacle is the availability of fertilizer, weather changes, pests, capital and labor. Keywords: Farming, Production, Corn, Cost, Income and Efficiency.

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Jiang, Wenjuan, and Alexandre Seuret. "Improved stability analysis of networked control systems under asynchronous sampling and input delay." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 43, no. 19 (2010): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20100913-2-fr-4014.00073.

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