Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Innovation – Applications industrielles'
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Compan, Nathan. "Intérêt de la situation de collaboration capacitante pour une approche ergonomique des situations de travail industrielles intégrant des technologies émergentes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UCFAL019.
Full textThe implementation of the latest emerging technologies, particularly in the industrial environment, is an opportunity to redesign work situations. The "human factor" and its consideration encompass very different aspects in the scientific literature and in the discourse of industrialists. In order to put the deployment of the operator's capacities of action back at the center of the work situation, we defend a theoretical proposal around the Enabling Collaborative Situation (ECS). The ECS is composed of 3 criteria: the learning of a new and more efficient way of doing things and the maintenance of this learning; the increase of the possibilities and ways of doing things; the adjustment of the couple (human-machine attributes) according to the evolution of the situations over time. In order to analyze the potential of an ECS, we set up 3 complementary studies. The first one is a multiple case study whose objective was to situate the consideration of the human in the implementation processes of emerging technological devices (implementation of a collaborative robot on a production line, of an augmented reality device with maintenance technicians and of exoskeletons with foresters). This study shows us that ECS criteria are not always taken into account "spontaneously". Our second study consisted in accompanying, longitudinally, student-designers in order to measure if they are sensitive to the ECS criteria and how this translates into their proposals for improving a workstation assisted by a collaborative robot. This accompaniment shows us that they can take into account the ECS criteria in a satisfactory way to orient their project, although the results are sometimes heterogeneous. Finally, our third study consisted in an experiment simulating the activity of maintenance technicians assisted by augmented reality glasses in a work situation where we varied the intensity of the ECS. We were able to observe that with a "strong" ECS, the participants well perceived the improvements but did not feel the benefits. The last part of this work consists in discussing these different results, in particular around the relationship between ECS, emerging technologies and the forms of interaction between humans and technology, but also around ECS (and the associated change management) as a theoretical proposition. Finally, we address the limits, contributions and perspectives of an ECS and the modalities of its transmission. The three studies that make up this work are a first step towards a better understanding of an ECS. The ECS appears as a credible and useful support alternative for the evaluation of work situations and a demanding benchmark to guide the design of new workstations favorable to human-technology collaboration situations in which the operator can appropriate the emerging technology and deploy his activity
Chrysos, Paris. "Quand les utilisateurs créent l’industrie : le cas des applications Web." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENMP0057/document.
Full textHe current study explores the curiously not much studied in management problem of innovation of contemporary Web-based applications. Starting from the distinction between user (U) and manufacturer/entrepreneur (E) innovation and using a phenomenon-based research approach, it identifies a third actor, the developer (D), whose action is found to lie in-between the two. Three actor figures are proposed for his description: user-developer (UD), user-developer-entrepreneur (UDE) and developer- entrepreneur (DE).This interpretative framework (U, D, E) is tested in the second part on the cases of three industries, where it enables a tracing of their history, from their birth to their maturity: radio industry, PC industry and enterprise computer industry. The important role of D actor is identified in all three settings. Their development phases can be read as a sequence of innovations related to different actors, UDs, UDEs and DEs successively, until the proposition of a rationalisation by enterprises (Es) and leading to the independence of the three actors, U, D, E.During the intermediate maturity phase of the Web, where expert enterprises Es have appeared, yet the de- velopers Ds remain under the forms of DEs or UDEs, the question posed for enterprises is how to harness their activity for innovation. Three management modes are identified in the third part. The first method consists in fostering the self-revelation of these actors. The second consists in harnessing their action using ephemeral settings for the exploration of the potential of a given service. The last consists in animating a community of developers already using the enterprise's technology to encourage them in developing applications on the basis of this technology
Bisiaux, Justine. "La transition vers l'innovation soutenable pour les entreprises industrielles : une approche par les business models : application au domaine du génie industriel." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2216/document.
Full textOver the past decades, a new context in favor of sustainable development emerged. New models of consumption and production are developed. This shift from intensive innovation to sustainable innovation leads some companies to rethink their business model. However, this business model evolution requires strategic and organizational changes that some companies fail to overcome. These companies’ situations reveal a double challenge : the need to characterize sustainable innovation on the one hand and defining a strategy for disseminating sustainable innovation on the other hand.To characterize sustainable innovation, three notions are mobilized : the business model, sustainability and functionality. The results of this exploration suggest the use of the business modelas an intermediary object to promote the co-construction and the evolution of business models. The study of sustainable led us to associate functional economy - servicial business model - to eco-design- environmental design - as a declination of sustainable innovation. Functionality concept analysis revealed the complementarity of functional economy and eco-design approaches. This allows us to define new offers from the use-values point of view. The exploration of these three notions also leads to propose a paradigm shift in favor of sustainable paradigm. This paradigm shift is followed by the development and characterization of business models trajectories. These trajectories guide companies in achieving the highest levels of sustainable innovation on the long term. These theoretical results were used to develop a method called Business Model Explorer for Sustainability (BMES). The BMES method allows companies to develop sustainable business models and to define trajectories toward these business models. The method is based on the upgradability concept as operational application of sustainable innovation. The method was developed and tested with the two industrial partners of IDCyclUM project : Neopost and Rowenta. One of the main proposed research perspectives is to continue defining sustainable innovation. This concept remains indeed ambiguous and there is still no consensus about its definition at present
Gartiser-Schneider, Nathalie. "Analyse contingente du processus d'innovation : application aux établissements industriels de la Région Alsace." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR1EC13.
Full textMaupertuis, Marie-Antoinette. "Information, investissement et innovation : une contribution à l'étude de la coopération industrielle : application au domaine de la biotechnologie nouvelle." Nice, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NICE0039.
Full textIndustrial co-operation observed in biotechnology industry is studied from the theorical point of view at the crossroad between industrial economics and innovation economics. First, the strategic interactions approach, the transactionnal paradigm and the evolutionary theory are in turn examined in order to test their capacity to explain the industrial co-operation phenomena. We conclude that they don't provide a discerning analytical framework in order to understand interfirms co-operation. In a new theorical perspective based on g. B richardson's industrial organization theory we, propose to define co-operation as an organizational mode used by innovative firms to seek information on competitive and complementary investments. Our approach is tested in the case of the new biotechnology in studying cooperative agreements between large chemical and pharceutical firms and new biotechnology firms
Maxant, Olaf. "La collaboration interdisciplinaire et la contextualisation par l'usage dans la création et l'évaluation amont d'offres innovantes : application au domaine de l'énergie domestique." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPL075N.
Full textOur research work was led in the field of industrial engineering and concerns the early stages of the innovation process. This was developped within the frame of a PhD thesis, in association with EDF R&D and INPL. This research was of a key importance for EDF group as the french energy market is massively changing. Ln this context it's highly valuable to find new ways and means to fulfill the real needs and expectations of the customers as fast as possible and at the same time to assess the acceptability of the new provided concepts. Finally, our research work actively participate to the setting of "Createam", an operational innovation system, which is based on an user-centered multidisciplinary team work, using specific tools in the early stages of the design process : Ideefix (a new "use-oriented" concept description form), Ideofil (an internet collaborative concept elicitation tool), Storyofil (a storyboard management tool). .
Naclerio, Alejandro. "La dimension systémique du système national d'innovation : une application au cas de l'Argentine." Paris 13, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA131009.
Full textThe construction of a National Innovation System (NIS) in a developing country is a complex process that demands institutional interventions to reinforce the social knowledge base (KB). This KB is a systemic construction related to the political system and the coordination mechanisms of the production process. Innovation efforts and technological learning make the social nowledge production possible. The incorporation of new techniques goes with an industrial politic able to stimulate strategic sectors. This is why the liberalisation politics applied in Argentina in the 90ies could not generate a NIS. The Washington consensus reforms, the flux of foreign direct investment, the massive importation of technologies and the financial valorisation generated an economic growth but they weakened and destroyed the KB
Davy, Isabelle. "Le rôle de l'organisation de la R&D dans la compétitivité : une application à l'industrie européenne des semi-conducteurs." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX24004.
Full textMarques, Santos Anabela. "Public and private financing of innovation: Assessing constraints, selection process and firm performance." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/277460.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
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Buet, Gaël. "Processus d'atterissage des projets d'innovations dans les projets véhicules : application aux innovations dans les domaines "Energie / Environnements" et "Vie à bord"." Thesis, Compiègne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014COMP2145/document.
Full textThis research studies the integration of innovation projects into vehicle projects. The starting point is the observation of a failure to integrate innovations in the final products, despite the number of innovations originally planned.This research is potentially applicable to the overall automotive industry and, more generally, to large companies (notably industrial ones) that differentiate the preparation of the innovations upstream and the development of products downstream. This distinction leads to organize the convergence of the innovations with the products sold to the customer. The main objective of this project is, by facilitating this convergence, to increase the number and the added value of the innovations which will be integrated into products. This work was prepared by conducting a thorough evaluation of the follow-up of the integration of innovations in five vehicle projects and the analysis of twenty case studies of innovations “touch down”. These stemmed mainly from the fields of "Energy / Environment" and "Life on Board". This “touch down” process was realized through two tools, "Synchronizator" and "Profilor". The analysis of these cases was completed with 155 interviews.This subject lies at the frontier of two worlds: the innovation’s world, its flexibility and its creativity; and the vehicle’s world, its established processes and its huge resources. The concepts that we propose will contribute to improve and inform the academic knowledge, as well as to facilitate the practitioners’work. We propose in our research three main concepts.The first concept, the "touch down process" itself, is presented through the metaphor of the landing of a plane (innovation project) on an aircraft carrier (vehicle project). This “touch down” concept does not correspond to a single moment: it is a complex process starting from the upstream preparation to the downstream development activities and including key stages, as well as the application of the conditions (the "recommendations") to facilitate its implementation.The second concept, called "intrusiveness", consists of qualifying the innovations with regard to the impact (technical, organizational, managerial, financial) that they generate in the targeted vehicle projects. It facilitates the identification of different landing schedules according to this impact.The third concept, called "profiling", consists of identifying, for a given innovation project, all the appropriate vehicle projects as early as possible. Reversely, it also allows, for a given vehicle project, to select all the relevant innovations as early as possible.The implementation of these concepts in the company where we led our research allowed : for the proposal of an adaptive “touch down” process according to the level of intrusiveness of the innovations; for an estimation from the beginning of the innovation projects which are the more interesting for the company in terms of value and contribution to its image; for the spread of innovations in the largest possible number of vehicle projects; and for strengthening the management of the innovation projects downstream to facilitate their integration into the products.These propositions are at once subjects of discussion for the academic world as well as guidelines for practitioners who could potentially implement them in other large industrial groups
Cortes, Robles Guillermo. "Management de l'innovation technologique et des connaissances : synergie entre la théorie TRIZ et le Raisonnement à Partir de Cas. Application en génie des procédés et systèmes industriels." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7523/1/cortesrobles.pdf.
Full textHebiz, Chams Eddoha. "Capacité d'absorption des connaissances et apprentissage organisationnel : "application à cinq entreprises du secteur de biotechnologies de santé"." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAB001.
Full textThis thesis aims at understanding which mechanisms of external knowledge absorption of organizations that is likely to contribute to the development of internal innovations. And concerning the thesis problem, the objective is to consider deeply three main questions :Q1: How do the organizations absorb external knowledge ?Q2: What are the organizational conditions that affect the absorptive capacity of knowledge by companies?Q3: What is the relation that exists between "the exploitation capacity" of external knowledge and "the ability to innovate"?In order to answer these three main questions, a literature synthesis has been conducted. This synthesis implements in particular the emphasis on the work having as problematic the relationship that may exist among the three major points discussed in the thesis namely "The organizational learning", "absorptive capacity" and "the ability to innovate".As a conclusion of this literature review, seven proposals were made. They are focused on two points. The first point targets the question of the influence of "specific organizational factors" on the absorptive capacity. The second is about the relation between "the exploitation capacity" of external knowledge and "the ability to innovate".Following the literature approach, an empirical research has been carried out relying on the methods suggested by Eisenhardt (1989-2007), Yin (2003), Miles and Huberman (2003). This empirical research is structured in two stages. An exploratory case study conducted in an exemplary company in the sector of biotechnology health has allowed us first to analyze the specifics of its "absorption process of knowledge" and the organizational conditions that influence it. Afterward, a cross-sectional study of four companies in the same industry then allowed us to check out how the results of the exploratory analysis can be generalized. It is useful to clarify that the type of innovations considered in this thesis is technological innovation.The results demonstrate several important aspects, which characterize the process of knowledge absorption implemented within companies. On the one hand, they confirm the multidimensional, cumulative and interactive nature of this process. On the other hand, they clarify evidently the uncertain, iterative and nonlinear nature of absorption process. The results reveal that a proper union between the different dimensions of organizational conditions of knowledge absorption which influences positively the four dimensions of the of the absorption process.These results have led us to conclude that the exploitation capacity of knowledge and organizational conditions of their absorption contribute to improving the innovation capacity of companies in the biotechnology health’s sector. Finally, the results obtained allow to develop a conceptual framework of the knowledge absorption and to identify ways of reflections to improve the understanding of the absorption capacity of knowledge
Rouach, Daniel. "Management du transfert de technologie international dans le cadre de joint-ventures : application à l'Europe de l'Est-Pologne." Lyon 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO33006.
Full textConducted during a period of more than five years, and benefiting from an experience starting early 1980's, these research studies stem from reflexions the author started on transfers of technology conducted in eastern europe. The approach has been particularly focused on poland, which, albeit still suffering from deep technological gaps, finds itself now, like its central european neighbours, in a tremendous phase of restructuration of its economy and industry. With our state of the art and our field researches, we tried to define the fundamental elements from which the success of transfers of technology and know how realised in eastern europe depends. Our study lies on two main hypothesis: hypothesis 1: the international joint venture seems still to be the mode of international development the most appropriate for transfer of technology. We will try to show that this hypothesis is right, providing the emitter respects the elementary and essential rules of progressivity of transfers in time, and of control from diffusion/absorption from technologies and know how by the receptor. Hypothesis 2: in eastern european countries, the key success factors for transfers of technologies, within joint ventures with a high technological and know how content, lie on ancient and established relationships becoming tighter and tighter between the partners
Ma, Jianfeng. "Analyse évolutionniste de la globalisation de la R&D des firmes multinationales. Analyse théorique et application au cas de la Chine." Thesis, Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100104.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to analyze the globalization of the R&D of multinational firms within a framework of evolutionary economics. The research tackles theoretical and empirical questions related to the determinants of this new globalization and the correspondences existing between them. The first part is an evolutionary theoretical analysis of firm, of process innovation and of environment of innovation for firms. Theoretically, the analysis gives off two different natures of determinants of overseas R&D activities by multinational firms. The second part is devoted to an empirical study with methods of factor analysis of data. This part aims to highlight the correspondence of the determinants and to identify the influences of determinants associated on the characteristics of multinational firm’s abroad research centers
El, Heit Sonia. "Méthodologie de veille-prospective concertative appliquée aux déchets industriels banals : quelle place pour la demande sociale? : une application aux véhicules hors d'usage." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS006S.
Full textNon hazardous industrial wastes are a difficult reality to manage : they disturb. In order to manage these difficulties, (horizontal and vertical) environmental regulations have gradually been created. The problem is that the actual situation of “waste” regulation cannot be strictly applied. The increasing number of legal rules favoured creation of a nexus which is difficult to understand. Solutions in waste treatment already exist and can offer numerous opportunities of management. Unfortunately, deep disagreements appear between actors, each trying to minimise the cost of treatment, putting the blame on the other. This situation is the consequence of a weakness in the waste definition: according to the considered approach, the definition seems to favour such actor or such factor. Finally, the recurrent element to theses disagreements lies on the conception of waste. In appearance, these definitions have nothing to share. Nevertheless, a deep analysis shows the need for a common denominator: this is the social demand. The former has reached to shape each approach of waste(historic, economic, environmental and legal)
Chrysos, Paris. "Quand les utilisateurs créent l'industrie : le cas des applications Web." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00959272.
Full textLe, Texier Thomas. "Le rôle des innovations ouvertes dans la reconstruction des activités industrielles : les exemples du développement logiciel libre, de l'activité des réseaux d'échanges de fichiers électroniques, et une application au cas du Département de la Défense des Etats Unis." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE0059.
Full textThis research explores how new productive activities driven by external – non-commercial – players may lead to valuable outcomes for traditional – potentially commercial – players. In contrast with what one may call the ‘closed innovation’ idea, we present the ‘open innovation’ model as a new model of both technological production and diffusion according to which organizations use both internal and external assets to develop their own activities. To fully understand to what extent the ‘open innovation’ principles may be profitable to productive entities, we build our analysis on both market-based and organizational approaches. For this purpose, we present the market-based benefits that traditional productive entities may derive from surrounding – alternative – activities and the organizational mechanisms to be set up to reach such profitable outcomes. Our research agenda is twofold. First, we focus on the cases of open source software development and file-sharing, as both of them are activities that are initially likely to be conducted by users who have no commercial interest in innovating. In both cases, our model-based analyses reveal that traditional productive activities may benefit from that of external community-based players, provided that suitable business strategies are set up. Second, we suggest that external-initiated benefits can also be reached by non-commercial organizations from open innovation. Building on the case of the US Department of Defense, we stress that organizations may derive substantial gains from switching from a closed – contractual-based – approach to an open one. However, we once again underline that relevant organizational restructurings need to be carried out for sustainable outcomes to be issued from such a paradigm shift. Our results show that cooperative participation patterns between traditional productive entities and new community-based – user-driven – organizations are likely to deliver valuable outcomes to both of them. The ‘open innovation’ model enables players to mutually benefit from the reshape of the industrial landscape it generates, whether it deals with legal or ‘outlaw’ sources of innovation. Nevertheless, such a model requires the setting up of organizational readjustments for sustainable gains to be derived from the so-called ‘open’ paradigm shift. As a result, this research measures the impact of community-based initiatives led by atypical productive players on the valuation of productive activities at both private and public levels
Moussa, Naoufel. "Aide multicritère à l'évaluation qualitative par inférence de modèles de tri ordonné sur une hiérarchie de critères : Application pour la conception d'un système européen de cotation de PME innovantes." Paris 9, 2001. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2001PA090008.
Full textChryat, Yacine. "Conception et réalisation d’un démonstrateur de séchage de particules à la vapeur d’eau surchauffée." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLA006.
Full textDrying under superheated steam (SHS) is a promising technique for reducing energy consumption and air emissions such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and particulates.Some technological difficulties restrict the development of SHS drying at industrial scale (e.g. air infiltration, higher product temperature, corrosion etc.). Hence, experiments on industrial pilot are essentials for the development of SHS drying.For this reason, a common R&D project is conducted between AgroParisTech (research institution), MAGUIN (equipment-supplier) and three industrials: Luzerne R&D (supplier of raw material for animal feed), UNGDA (French union of alcohol-distillers groups) and Cristal Union Group (French cooperative representing sugar, alcohol and animal feed industry).The objective is to design an experimental dryer pilot operating under pressure (2 atm) and high temperature (up 600°C).Firstly, the mass and energy balances are developed for the pilot design. Then each equipment is selected and sized according to the engineering standards and codes.Given the operating conditions of temperature and pressure, the control and the instrume-ntation of the dryer were the subject of a special study to ensure safe tests and measurements.The pilot was manufactured and the first tests were conducted. The tests validated the pressure resistance of the pilot in order to obtain EC marking.Before starting the drying experiments on the real products, a number of test on the water are conducted in order to check the process sealing and the efficiency and the safety of the control loops
Souquet, Pascal. "Essai d'un modèle d'activité d'un Centre de Compétences Technologiques : application au Cétim pour le secteur de la Mécanique." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30078.
Full textThe Technical Centre of Mechanical Engineering is one of the centres of technological competence in the Mechanical Industry. Its objective is to identify the process of management of the technology needed for its activity in innovation support.After having characterised mechanical industry in a meso economic approach, we propose a model of activity of the technological competence centre, illustrated by the Cetim example. On this basis, innovation management is analysed as a formalised operational process of the innovation support activity in the geographical and technological territory of the technological competence centre, using tools and processes of technology management.The process from idea to finished product is split into 3 steps: idea to object conception, feasibility regarding a first market target and industrialisation. This sequential model was completed by a global model which linked strategy to the implementation of an innovated project.R&D process is composed of 4 steps of a repeated cycle: technological marketing, management of the project portfolio, R&D production and enhanced value. Indicators help in evaluating performance on the 4 axes of the activity model using codification of innovation projects in the information system. This can be also used to follow core competence evolution
Dupont, Benoit. "La gestion de projet pour des produits d'innovation : construction et application d'un modèle normatif." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30214/30214.pdf.
Full textThis thesis presents a prescriptive model for projects that develop innovative products. Its prescriptive character and its universality stem from 11 axioms or axiomatic propositions. It is constructed to find a solution to the general problematic of project management effectiveness (getting results) and efficiency (getting results with less energy). The model is composed of a structure on the operational level and of a design on the managerial level. Two teams, three functions and five roles are the constitutive elements of the model. The construction of the prescriptive model is the result of extensive theoretical and practical research. The study of literature starts with a presentation of classical authors on work organization; it extends into an analysis on the Aston group and the contingency theory and it ends with a study of the matrix structure and the project management concept. This work generates a general conceptual approach on the specificities of project management, its work mode and its work organization. The empirical research uses the action-research methodology and was conducted in EXFO, an innovative company based in Quebec City. Action research implemented the prescriptive model in the company’s R & D and put it into practice on an actual innovative project of the Project Management Office. The research demonstrates that the prescriptive model is simple, practical and reliable. It also makes clear that in-depth assimilation of the model’s concepts, roles and functions is challenging and time-consuming.
Abounaim, Md [Verfasser]. "Process development for the manufacturing of flat knitted innovative 3D spacer fabrics for high performance composite applications / Md. Abounaim." 2010. http://d-nb.info/101339058X/34.
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