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Journal articles on the topic 'Inner city problems'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Holloway, Frank. "Day Care in an Inner City." British Journal of Psychiatry 158, no. 6 (June 1991): 810–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.158.6.810.

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Seven units providing psychiatric day care to residents of an inner-city area were surveyed. The extent to which the clinical and special problems of attenders were adequately managed by the services was measured using a ‘needs-assessment’ technique. Units differed in the proportion of clinical and social problems that were rated as ‘unmet needs', although the extent of ‘unmet need’ was not clearly related to the morbidity of attenders at a unit or the available staffing.

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2

Fafard, Mary-Beth. "Preventing Discipline Problems in Inner-City Special Education Programs." TEACHING Exceptional Children 19, no. 4 (July 1987): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004005998701900408.

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3

Lavin, Marilyn. "Problems and opportunities of retailing in the US “Inner City”." Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 7, no. 1 (January 2000): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-6989(99)00017-x.

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4

Clapp, John D. "Organizing Inner City Neighborhoods to Reduce Alcohol and Drug Problems." Journal of Community Practice 2, no. 1 (July 11, 1995): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j125v02n01_03.

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5

Burnette, Denise. "Grandparents Raising Grandchildren in the Inner City." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 78, no. 5 (October 1997): 489–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.818.

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Increasingly, middle-aged and older adults are parenting grandchildren and other young kin in ‘skipped generation’ families. Changes in the multigenerational family structure, devastating social problems in our inner cities, notably the substance-abuse and HIV/AIDS epidemics of the 1980s, and public policy and ethnocultural norms that govern kin care are discussed as contributing factors to this phenomenon. Recent studies focusing on grandparent caregivers of color, as well as policy and programmatic responses to the rapid growth of this family configuration, are discussed. The author offers recommendations for assessing and building on existing strengths and addressing the service needs of grandparent caregivers and their families through direct practice and public policy.

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6

Vaillant, George E., and Robin J. Western. "Healthy Aging Among Inner-City Men." International Psychogeriatrics 13, no. 4 (December 2001): 425–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610201007840.

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Objective: Until now, prospective studies of aging have begun with 50- to 60-year olds, not adolescents. Premature deaths, childhood variables, and alcohol abuse have been often ignored. So has positive aging. As people live longer, gerontology needs to understand the determinants of health as well as illness in the later years. Method: The present study follows a cohort of adolescent boys (332 inner-city youths) for 60 years or until death. Complete physical exams were obtained every 5 years and psychosocial data every 2 years. Predictor variables assessed prior to age 50 include six variables reflecting uncontrollable factors—parental social class, environmental strengths, number of family problems, major depression, ancestral longevity, and premorbid physical health at age 50—and six variables reflecting (at least some) personal control: alcohol abuse, smoking, marital stability, body mass index, coping mechanisms, and education. The four outcome variables chosen to assess healthy aging at 70 reflected both “mind” and “body”. They included objectively assessed variables (death and/or disability prior to 70, and objectives mental health) and two subjectively assessed variables (perceived instrumental activities of daily living and life enjoyment). Results: Multivariate analysis suggested that positive aging at 70 could be predicted by variables assessed prior to age 50. More hopeful still, if the six variables under some personal control were controlled, depression was the only uncontrollable variable that affected the quality of subjective and objective aging. Conclusions: First, we may have greater personal control over our biopsychosocial health after retirement than previously recognized. Second, in this cohort, psychiatric rather than sociological predictors appeared more important.

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7

Apter, Andrea J. "Problems encountered in improving care for inner-city children with asthma." Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 86, no. 2 (February 2001): 147–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1081-1206(10)62682-8.

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8

Hirst, J. F., M. R. Baggaley, and J. P. Watson. "A four-year survey of an inner-city psychosexual problems clinic." Sexual and Marital Therapy 11, no. 1 (February 1996): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02674659608404281.

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9

Miniutti, Ann M. "Language Deficiencies in Inner-City Children With Learning and Behavioral Problems." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 22, no. 2 (April 1991): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461.2202.31.

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The language skills of 27 learning disabled (LD), 27 behaviorally disordered (BD), and 26 normal achieving (NA) 6- to 9-year-old children were compared on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-Revised (CELF-R). A series of ANOVA procedures for the CELF-R standard scores revealed significant differences between the NA group and both special education groups on all subtests, clusters, and the total language score, but no significant differences were found between the LD and BD groups. The behavioral deviancy of a language-deficient special education subgroup, a language-competent special education subgroup, and the NA group was compared on the Behavioral Evaluation Scale (BES). Analysis of variance for the BES total standard scores showed significantly higher behavioral deviancy for the language-deficient subgroup than the NA group, but no significant difference between the language-competent subgroup and the NA group.

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10

Gerdes, Karen E., and Rose Ann Benson. "Problems of Inner-City Schoolchildren: Needs Assessment by Nominal Group Process." Children & Schools 17, no. 3 (July 1995): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cs/17.3.139.

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11

Mack, Elizabeth A., and Kevin Credit. "New Business Activity and Employment Dynamics in the Inner City: The Case of Phoenix, Arizona." Urban Affairs Review 55, no. 2 (May 25, 2017): 530–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078087417709600.

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Inner city revitalization efforts centered on fostering new business activity are controversial because they assume that the job creating capacity of new businesses is capable of impacting aggregate employment levels in inner city neighborhoods. Given this controversy, this article examines the link between new business activity and inner city employment growth in Phoenix, Arizona. Analytical results highlight job creation from new business activity but a net negative association between new business activity and employment growth stemming from the loss of jobs from large employers in inner city neighborhoods. This relationship highlights that encouraging new business activity is not necessarily a bad idea for local residents and customers, but should not be viewed as a panacea for all inner city problems. Instead, new business activity should be viewed as one component of multifaceted initiatives to revitalize inner city neighborhoods.

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12

Legg, Katherine, and Lana Grigoriev. "Health Education In An Inner-City Catholic Grade School." Journal of School Nursing 19, no. 4 (August 2003): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10598405030190040701.

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The purpose of this article is to outline the process, content, and evaluation of a 14-week health education program for 6th, 7th, and 8th grade students in an inner city Catholic grade school who are at risk for multiple health problems. The process includes a needs assessment with findings, followed by construction of an age-appropriate program. A content outline displays the topics and information presented to the students. In conclusion, an evaluation presents the results and effectiveness of the program.

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13

Crowley, Vicki. "Teaching Aboriginal Studies: Some Problems of Culturalism in an Inner City School#." Aboriginal Child at School 21, no. 1 (March 1993): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0310582200005563.

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Aboriginal Studies has now been a part of the South Australian curriculum for many years and most of the writing about teaching Aboriginal Studies has focused on appropriate content and pedagogues with little critical appraisal of the actual implementation of Aboriginal Studies curricula. A research project carried out in an inner city Adelaide secondary school suggests that it is crucial for those of us engaged in the teaching of Aboriginal Studies and Aboriginal students, to turn attention to the taken-for-granted presuppositions and ideologies that inform teacher understandings and practices in Aboriginal Studies.

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14

Smith, Peggy B., Susan W. Nenney, and Laurilynn McGill. "Health Problems and Sexual Activity of Selected Inner City, Middle School Students." Journal of School Health 56, no. 7 (September 1986): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.1986.tb05747.x.

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15

Reingold*, David A. "Does Inner City Public Housing Exacerbate the Employment Problems of Its Tenants?" Journal of Urban Affairs 19, no. 4 (December 1, 1997): 469–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9906.1997.tb00507.x.

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16

Pan, Li, Sydney C. K. Chu, Guangyue Han, and Joshua Zhexue Huang. "A Heuristic Algorithm for the Inner-City Multi-Drop." International Journal of Operations Research and Information Systems 2, no. 3 (July 2011): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/joris.2011070101.

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Economic globalization, increasing fuel cost, and environmental problems provide a strong stimulation for inner-city container carriers to utilize container space more efficiently in transporting goods for multiple clients during a single round trip. A wall-building heuristic algorithm based on the binary tree data structure is proposed to solve the container loading problem with multi-drop constraints. A dynamic space decomposition approach, together with a repacking and space amalgamation strategy, permits an efficient and effective loading plan to pack containers, illustrated by numerical experiments.

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17

Cassar, S., A. Hodgkiss, A. Ramirez, and D. Williams. "Mental health presentations to an inner-city accident and emergency department." Psychiatric Bulletin 26, no. 4 (April 2002): 134–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.26.4.134.

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AIMS AND METHODTo study the presentation, assessment and management of all patients attending St Thomas' accident and emergency (A&E) department with overt mental health problems. The method included a pragmatic definition of ‘overt mental health problems' and a range of strategies to maximise case ascertainment.RESULTSThe department saw 565 presentations in a 3-month period. Patients were predominantly young, male, single, unemployed, housed outside the area served by the local primary care group and presented outside normal working hours.CLINICAL IMPLICATIONSThis study confirms that A&E departments may be the most frequently used setting for urgent mental health assessments in central London. The patients attending differ from those using community mental health teams. It is argued that mental health liaison services based in inner-city A&E departments should be developed.

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18

Baron, J. H., and A. Bush. "An Inner-City General Medical Ward Round in the Mid-1980s." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 80, no. 9 (September 1987): 547–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107688708000905.

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Few patients seen in 1983 on a general medical ward round in an inner-city hospital presented difficulty in diagnosis or management. Most had major social problems, especially from alcohol, self-neglect and dementia.

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19

Timms, P. "A "critical time" intervention reduced homelessness in inner city men with psychiatric problems." Evidence-Based Mental Health 1, no. 1 (February 1, 1998): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ebmh.1.1.10.

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20

Abas, Melanie, and Marisa Silverman. "Community care of the elderly: some problems viewed from one inner city area." Psychiatric Bulletin 20, no. 3 (March 1996): 169–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.20.3.169.

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21

Youngstrom, Eric, Mark D. Weist, and Kathleen E. Albus. "Exploring Violence Exposure, Stress, Protective Factors and Behavioral Problems Among Inner-City Youth." American Journal of Community Psychology 32, no. 1-2 (September 2003): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1025607226122.

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22

MacLaran, Andrew, and Laurence Murphy. "The Problems of Taxation-Induced Inner-City Housing Development - Dublin's Recipe for Success?" Irish Geography 30, no. 1 (January 1997): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00750779709478646.

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23

Cohen, Carl I., Jeanne Teresi, and Douglas Holmes. "Social Networks and Mortality in an Inner-City Elderly Population." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 24, no. 4 (June 1987): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/98ka-rcql-8e8e-htp8.

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The authors address some of the methodological problems found in earlier investigations of the relationship between social networks and mortality. Of particular concern was the use of rudimentary measures of social interaction in previous work. Utilizing nineteen social network variables, the authors examined 155 elderly residents of midtown Manhattan single-room occupancy hotels. On three-year follow-up, twenty-eight persons had died. Discriminant function analysis indicated that ten of nineteen network variables were relatively strong discriminators between survivors and non-survivors (i.e., standardized coefficient of .20 or greater). The network variables cut across all categories of social interaction, thereby revealing why, despite the few network variables used in previous studies, nearly all had been significant.

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24

Sen, Arup K. "Micro Enterprises In Inner-City Communities: Current Challenges And Viability." Journal of Business Case Studies (JBCS) 7, no. 3 (April 28, 2011): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jbcs.v7i3.4264.

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Supporting micro enterprises within inner-city communities is a viable strategy to promote economic development, combat poverty, and alleviate social costs. Some authors suggest that micro entrepreneurship is essential to maintain a healthy economy within low-income communities. This paper is aimed at highlighting the profile and functioning of micro enterprises in inner-city Buffalo, New York with regards to aspects such as size, financial and non-financial assistance, goals and barriers experienced by micro entrepreneurs. Data from an exploratory survey of 100 micro enterprises suggest that micro entrepreneurs encounter several problems that impact negatively on their profitability and viability. The data also suggests that these entrepreneurs are constrained not only by financial factors but also non-controllable factors such as the economy of the city, availability of reliable labor, and insurance requirements. This paper concludes with a brief discussion of the implications of the survey findings for developing strategies to address issues facing micro enterprises in inner-city communities

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25

Halterman, J. S. "Behavior Problems Among Inner-City Children With Asthma: Findings From a Community-Based Sample." PEDIATRICS 117, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): e192-e199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2005-1140.

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26

GORMAN–SMITH, DEBORAH, and PATRICK TOLAN. "The role of exposure to community violence and developmental problems among inner-city youth." Development and Psychopathology 10, no. 1 (March 1998): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579498001539.

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While research has well documented that urban youth are exposed to increasing rates of community violence, little is known about what increases risk for violence exposure, what protects children from exposure to violence, and what factors reduce the most negative outcomes associated with witnessing violence. This study expands on current research by evaluating the relations between exposure to violence, family relationship characteristics and parenting practices, and aggression and depression symptoms. Data were drawn from a sample of 245 African-American and Latino boys and their caregivers from economically disadvantaged inner-city neighborhoods in Chicago. Rates of exposure could not be predicted from family relationship and parenting characteristics, although there was a trend for discipline to be related. Exposure to community violence was related to increases in aggressive behavior and depression over a 1-year period even after controlling for previous status. Future studies should continue to evaluate the role of exposure to violence on the development of youth among different neighborhoods and communities. Implications for intervention and policy are discussed.

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27

Kliewer, Wendy, and Eva Kung. "Family moderators of the relation between hassles and behavior problems in inner-city youth." Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 27, no. 3 (September 1998): 278–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp2703_5.

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28

Herd, Denise. "Voices from the Field: The Social Construction of Alcohol Problems in Inner-City Communities." Contemporary Drug Problems 38, no. 1 (March 2011): 7–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009145091103800102.

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29

Hamm, Cepta, and Julie Glyn-Jones. "Implementing an adapted Buurtzorg model in an inner city NHS trust." British Journal of Community Nursing 24, no. 11 (November 2, 2019): 534–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2019.24.11.534.

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District nursing in inner city areas faces many challenges, particularly with regard to sustaining the nursing workforce, and ensuring nurses gain satisfaction and enjoyment from their work. The Dutch Buurtzorg model of self-managing teams offers a potential solution to address these problems. In this article, the authors, as nurse leaders, reflect on their experience of implementing a ‘test and learn’ pilot of such a model in the NHS in London, and then on a further scaling up of the model. This paper offers insights related to such issues as governance and assurance as well pragmatism in supporting a process of change. It is hoped that these reflections will guide other nurse leaders in setting up and sustaining this excellent model of team management and care.

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Punukollu, Bhaskar, and Michael Phelan. "Visual acuity and reported eye problems among psychiatric in-patients." Psychiatric Bulletin 30, no. 8 (August 2006): 297–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.30.8.297.

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Aims and MethodThe aim of this study was to examine visual problems among patients admitted to an inner city acute mental health unit. We measured visual acuity using a Snellen chart. Patients were also asked about perceived eye problems and access to services.ResultsOf 55 in-patients on five acute general adult wards at an inner city mental health unit over a 3-day period, 31 agreed to participate in the study. Twenty (65%) had impaired visual acuity and 19 (61%) had not been to an optician for 5 or more years. Seventeen patients (55%) reported experiencing difficulty with their eyesight. The main problems reported were blurring of vision and periorbital pain. Of these 17 patients, 15 (88%) had impaired visual acuity on Snellen testing. Half of those who had previously been prescribed glasses or contact lenses reported that they had been lost.Clinical ImplicationsVisual impairment appears to be another area of physical health which is underrecognised and undertreated in people with severe mental health problems. Although there are numerous issues that must be addressed by mental health staff, patients should be asked about eye problems and supported in accessing opticians.

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Wooster, Leah, Jane McCarthy, and Eddie Chaplin. "Outcomes of an inner city forensic intellectual disability service." Journal of Intellectual Disabilities and Offending Behaviour 9, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jidob-08-2017-0016.

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Purpose National policy in England is now directed towards keeping patients with intellectual disability (ID) presenting with forensic problems for time-limited treatment. The result is that secure hospital services are expected to work much more proactively to discharge patients to community-based services. However, there is little evidence in recent years on the outcome of discharged patients with ID from secure hospitals. The purpose of this paper is to describe the outcomes of a patient group discharged from a specialist forensic ID service in London, England. Design/methodology/approach This is a descriptive retrospective case note study of patients with ID admitted to and discharged from a secure service with both low and medium secure wards, over a six-year period from 2009 to 2016. The study examined patient demographic, clinical and outcome variables, including length of stay, pharmacological treatment on admission and discharge, offending history and readmissions to hospital and reoffending following discharge. Findings The study identified 40 male patients, 29 of which were admitted to the medium secure ward. In all, 27 patients (67.5 per cent) were discharged into the community with 14 patients having sole support from the community ID services and 4 from the community forensic services. In total, 20 per cent of patients were readmitted within the study period and 22.2 per cent of patients received further convictions via the Criminal Justice System following discharge. Originality/value This was a complex group of patients with ID discharged into the community with a number at risk of requiring readmission and of reoffending. Community-based services providing for offenders with ID must have sufficient expertise and resourcing to manage the needs of such a patient group including the ongoing management of risks. The national drive is significantly to reduce the availability of specialist inpatient services for this group of patients but this must occur alongside an increase in both resources and expertise within community services.

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32

McLaren, Duncan. "“Action for cities” and the urban environment." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 4, no. 2 (August 1989): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690948908725981.

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Government inner city policy has failed to solve problems of unemployment, dereliction, homelessness and social stress. The problems and their possible solutions are linked to environmental problems and the need for environmentally sustainable development in urban areas. Government policy on these issues is incoherent, and existing policies under ‘Action for Cities’ will not reverse current trends of environmental degradation.

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33

Kononowicz, Wanda, and Joanna Sukienniczak. "Revalorization Problems of the Down-Town Areas on the Example of Zielona Góra." Civil And Environmental Engineering Reports 23, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ceer-2016-0053.

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Abstract The aim of the considerations presented in the article is to determine the developmental directions of the inner urban areas respecting and honouring the cultural heritage of Zielona Gora city. The formation of useful physical form of the urban lifestyle environment is particularly important in the process of urban regeneration. The article presents polemics with the planning documents and raises the issues related to urban green areas and street furniture. The design proposal shows one of the possibilities to bring the improperly developed areas back to the city. Every city is made of people and, therefore, it is essential for these people to have social awareness of individual influence on the shape of urban areas.

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34

Graham, H. L., J. Maslin, A. Copello, M. Birchwood, K. Mueser, D. McGovern, and G. Georgiou. "Drug and alcohol problems amongst individuals with severe mental health problems in an inner city area of the UK." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 36, no. 9 (September 1, 2001): 448–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001270170023.

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35

Bi, Xiao Li, and Ben Teng Liu. "A Preliminary Research on the Urban Renewal of Xi’an Inner City in 1990s." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.457.

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The background of urban renewal in Xi’an inner city in 1990s is introduced by 4 parts, and the drive force is demonstrated in the first instance. Based on the above, the entire process is compartmentalize three phases to be described. Finally, based on the shortage of the urban renewal, new strategic thinking was put forward to resolve the current problems.

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36

Roderick, P. J., and J. B. Connelly. "The problems of monitoring tuberculosis in an inner-city health district: Integrated information is required." Public Health 106, no. 3 (May 1992): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3506(05)80536-0.

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37

Binsacca, D. B., J. Ellis, D. G. Martin, and D. B. Petitti. "Factors associated with low birthweight in an inner-city population: the role of financial problems." American Journal of Public Health 77, no. 4 (April 1987): 505–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.77.4.505.

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38

Drabble, Laurie, and Denise Herd. "Strategies Employed by Inner-City Activists to Reduce Alcohol-Related Problems and Advance Social Justice." Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse 13, no. 4 (October 2, 2014): 362–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15332640.2014.958637.

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39

Ferenchick, Gary Stephen. "Medical Problems of Homeless and Nonhomeless Persons Attending an Inner-City Clinic: A Comparative Study." American Journal of the Medical Sciences 301, no. 6 (June 1991): 379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000441-199106000-00004.

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40

Odell, S. M., P. G. Surtees, N. W. J. Wainwright, M. J. Commander, and S. P. Sashidharan. "Determinants of general practitioner recognition of psychological problems in a multi-ethnic inner-city health district." British Journal of Psychiatry 171, no. 6 (December 1997): 537–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.171.6.537.

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BackgroundWith few exceptions, evaluation of the capacity of general practitioners (GPs) to recognise psychiatric disorder in their patients has failed to consider the role of ethnic diversity in the consultation process and whether such knowledge can improve understanding of the degree to which psychiatric morbidity is recognised within GP settings.MethodsThis research was completed in five general practices representative of all those within an inner-city health district. Psychiatric morbidity in patients consecutively attending the practices was then assessed using the General Health Questionnaire; in addition, GPs were asked to complete a checklist of current problems identified during each consultation.ResultsAnalysis suggested that Asian and Black patients were less likely than White patients to have psychological problems identified; that social problems and a psychiatric history facilitated recognition; and that current physical illness hindered recognition.ConclusionsGP recognition of psychological problems varies according to patient ethnicity but can be substantially masked by both the physical and social circumstances of patients at consultation.

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41

ROZhDESTVENSKAYa, E. S. "LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGIC PROBLEMS OF A CITY ON THE EXAMPLE OF INNER AREAS OF RECREATIONAL WATERS OF SAMARA." Urban construction and architecture 3, no. 1 (March 15, 2013): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2013.01.5.

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The article considers the problem of inner city areas of recreational waters of Samara. Their typological relation to town planning grounds, recreational use, sanitary and hygienic condition, landscape and environmental conditions, visual aesthetic and compositional characteristics are viewed.

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42

Heinemann, Philipp, Michael Schmidt, Felix Will, Sascha Kaiser, Christoph Jeßberger, and Mirko Hornung. "Sizing implications of a regional aircraft for inner-city operations." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 89, no. 4 (July 3, 2017): 520–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-11-2016-0196.

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Purpose The paper aims to assess the potential of aircraft operation from city centres to achieve shortened travel times and the involved aircraft design process. Design/methodology/approach The paper describes the methodical approach and iterative procedure of the design process. An assessment of potential technologies is conducted to provide the required enhancements to fulfil the constraints following an inner-city operation. Operational procedures were analysed to reduce the noise propagation through flight path optimization. Furthermore, a ground-based assisted take-off system was conceived to lower required take-off field length and to prevent engine sizing just for the take-off case. Cabin design optimization for a fast turnaround has been conducted to ensure a wide utilization spectrum. The results prove the feasibility of an aircraft developed for inner city operation. Findings A detailed concept for a 60-passenger single aisle aircraft is proposed for an Entry-Into-Service year 2040 with a design range of 1,500 nautical miles for a load factor of 90 per cent. Although the design for Short Take-off and Landing and low noise operation had to be traded partly with cruise efficiency, a noteworthy reduction in fuel burn per passenger and nautical mile could be achieved against current aircraft. Practical implications The findings will contribute to the evaluation of the feasibility and impact of the Flightpath 2050 goal of a 4-h door-to-door by providing a feasible but ambitious example. Furthermore, it highlights possible bottlenecks and problems faced when realizing this goal. Originality/value The paper draws its value from the consideration of the overall sizing effects at aircraft level and from a holistic view on an inner-city airport/aircraft concept design for a 4-h door-to-door goal.

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Weeramanthri, Tara, and Francis Keaney. "What do inner city general practitioners want from a child and adolescent mental health service?" Psychiatric Bulletin 24, no. 7 (July 2000): 258–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.24.7.258.

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Aims and MethodWe surveyed 25 general practitioners (GPs) on their needs from their local child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to improve liaison and inform service development.ResultsMost GPs refer to specialist services. Only a quarter deal with problems themselves. The top priority was easy and quick access to services. The most popular topics for GP training were interactions between teenagers and their parents, child abuse and eating disorders. No GP had formal training in child and adolescent psychiatry and further training was a low priority.Clinical ImplicationsSuch a survey has helped to develop a closer partnership between GPs and their local CAMHS using a service–response model. It has raised concerns about the under-identification of child mental health problems. It has informed CAMHS of the service and training needs of local GPs.

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Knowles, Gemma, Charlotte Gayer-Anderson, Stephanie Beards, Rachel Blakey, Samantha Davis, Katie Lowis, Daniel Stanyon, et al. "Mental distress among young people in inner cities: the Resilience, Ethnicity and AdolesCent Mental Health (REACH) study." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 75, no. 6 (February 8, 2021): 515–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2020-214315.

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Background Recent estimates suggest around 14% of 11–16 years in England have a mental health problem. However, we know very little about the extent and nature of mental health problems among diverse groups in densely populated inner cities, where contexts and experiences may differ from the national average. Aims To estimate the extent and nature of mental health problems in inner city London, overall and by social group, using data from our school-based accelerated cohort study of adolescent mental health, Resilience, Ethnicity and AdolesCent Mental Health. Methods Self-report data on mental health (general mental health, depression, anxiety, self-harm) were analysed (n, 4353; 11–14 years, 85% minority ethnic groups). Mixed models were used to estimate weighted prevalences and adjusted risks of each type of problem, overall and by gender, cohort, ethnic group and free school meals (FSM) status. Results The weighted prevalence of mental health problems was 18.6% (95% CI 16.4% to 20.8%). Each type of mental health problem was more common among girls compared with boys (adjusted risk ratios: mental health problems, 1.33, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.48; depression, 1.52, 1.30 to 1.73; anxiety, 2.09, 1.58 to 2.59, self-harm, 1.40, 1.06 to 1.75). Gender differences were more pronounced in older cohorts compared with the youngest. Mental health problems (1.28, 1.05 to 1.51) and self-harm (1.29, 1.02 to 1.56)—but not depression or anxiety—were more common among those receiving (vs not receiving) FSM. There were many similarities, with some variations, by ethnic group. Conclusions Adolescent mental health problems and self-harm are common in inner city London. Gender differences in mental health problems may emerge during early adolescence.

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Huff, Jonathan, Victor R. Wilburn, and Getinet Belay. "Educator Perceptions of Conflict Interactions Among Young Children in Inner-city Elementary and Middle Schools." Journal of Youth Development 4, no. 3 (September 1, 2009): 84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2009.254.

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A study that investigated the perceptions of educational professionals regarding the rising issue of aggressive and disruptive behaviors among young children in inner-city schools is discussed in this article. A convenient sample of 14 professionals were selected and interviewed from educators in an inner-city located in the northeast region of Ohio. Evidence of this investigation suggests that young children’s aggressive behaviors are increasing in both occurrence and complexity. While these behaviors are perceived to be a function of certain environmental exposures, a case can be made for the effectiveness in conflict management and life skill application in young children as many children seem to display more problems in collective and social settings.

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Risch, Samuel Craig. "Book ReviewHealth in the Inner City Multiple Problem Youth: Delinquency, substance use, and mental health problems." New England Journal of Medicine 322, no. 11 (March 15, 1990): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm199003153221129.

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Roen, Emily L., Ya Wang, Antonia M. Calafat, Shuang Wang, Amy Margolis, Julie Herbstman, Lori A. Hoepner, Virginia Rauh, and Frederica P. Perera. "Bisphenol A exposure and behavioral problems among inner city children at 7–9 years of age." Environmental Research 142 (October 2015): 739–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2015.01.014.

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Bowman, Joseph, Alan Shaw, Allen Hammond, and Bruce Lincoln. "Urban Cyberspace Initiatives: Design Technology in Urban Centers." Journal of Educational Technology Systems 26, no. 4 (June 1998): 353–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/70fl-gydu-99r5-hfn5.

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This article presents the evolution of the Urban CyberSpace Initiative (UCSI) as the result of the convergence of work carried out in parallel by the four authors over the years 1992–1997. This article will look at the work as it developed and evolved from the early formation of public access technology centers in urban inner-city communities to the design and deployment of advanced high speed multimedia Internet projects. The Urban CyberSpace Initiative will analyze the reasons for its formation as it has been applied to the problems and needs expressed in the geographic locations of New York City, New York; Albany, New York; Boston, Massachusetts; and Newark, New Jersey. UCSI will present a set of findings in the form of a procedural methodology designed to lead us to an attainable end-in-view: the economically sustainable urban, inner city technological oasis.

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Crump, Jeff. "Deconcentration by Demolition: Public Housing, Poverty, and Urban Policy." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 20, no. 5 (October 2002): 581–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d306.

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During the 1990s, local and federal urban policymakers, neoliberal politicians, and advocates for the poor came to a broad consensus: the geographic concentration of low-income, minority residents in public housing projects located in the inner city constitutes the fundamental problem facing US cities. Accordingly, to solve the problems allegedly associated with the spatial concentration of poverty, public housing, which concentrates low-income people in the inner city, must be demolished and the residents relocated. In this paper I argue that such federal public housing policies are based on a conceptually inadequate understanding of the role of space and of spatial influences on poverty and on the behavior of poor people. The use of spatial metaphors such as the ‘concentration of poverty’ or the ‘deconcentration of the poor’ disguises the social and political processes behind poverty and helps to provide the justification for simplistic spatial solutions to complex social, economic, and political problems.

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Ślebocka, Magdalena. "The Social Aspect of Revitalization – The Lodz City Case Study." Finanse i Prawo Finansowe 2, no. 30 (June 30, 2021): 161–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2391-6478.2.30.10.

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The purpose of the article is to present the essence and significance of social participation in the revitalization process as well as the implementation of its objectives by territorial self-government units. A hypothesis was advanced for the purpose of the article that without social engagement the achievement of the desired goal which consists in restoring the area subjected to regeneration will be very difficult. Methodology – The study was based on the survey of the literature on the subject, legal acts as well the information obtained by the author of the article on the activities with regard to social participation carried out in territorial self-government units. Results of the research – The concentration of social problems in the inner city of Łódź is of a multifaceted character (it refers to various aspects of life concerning inter alia education, financial stabilisation, the level of affluence, the occurrence of pathological phenomena) and at the same time progressive (the social problems which emerged were not systematically solved and thus there was an escalation of negative phenomena over the course of time). The conducted study indicates that the current level of involvement of the inhabitants of Łodź in the affairs connected with revitalization is relatively low. From year to year the awareness regarding the important role of society in the revitalization process is rising. It is reflected in the increasing number of inhabitants who participate in the social activities offered by the self-government. The City inter alia organises meetings, workshops, and consultations. The global Covid-19 pandemic has not resulted in giving up the said activities.

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