Books: 'Injury incidence'

1

R, Miller Ted, ed. Databook on nonfatal injury: Incidence, costs, and consequences. Washington, D.C: Urban Institute Press, 1995.

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2

Schuster, Maxine. Traumatic brain injury in Massachusetts: Incidence and prevention. Boston, MA: Injury Prevention and Control Program, Massachusetts Dept. of Public Health, 1994.

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3

Firkosch, Joel Anton. The incidence of traumatic brain injury in the United States. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Education, 1996.

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4

Bowden, John D. Incidence of traumatic brain injury in Washington State, 1985-1986. Olympia, Wash: Office of Research and Data Analysis, Dept. of Social and Health Services, 1987.

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5

Fortune, Nicola. The definition, incidence and prevalence of acquired brain injury in Australia. Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 1999.

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6

Kadman, Noga. Incidents of death and injury resulting from exploding munitions' remnants. Jerusalem: B'Tselem, 1995.

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7

Refinery fire incident (4 dead, 1 critically injured): Tosco Avon Refinery, Martinez, California, February 23, 1999. Washington, D.C: The Board, 2001.

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8

First responder: Skills in action. Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2008.

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9

United States. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board. Steel manufacturing incident (2 killed, 4 injured): Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Burns Harbor Division, chesterton, Indiana, February 2, 2001. Washington, D.C: U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board, Office of Investigations and Safety Programs, 2002.

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10

Board, United States Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation. Chemical waste-mixing incident (36 injured): Kaltech Inudstries Group, Inc., Borough of Manhattan, New York, New York, April 25, 2002. Washington, D.C: U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board, 2003.

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11

International Association of Fire Chiefs., ed. Exam prep: Fire department safety officer. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett, 2006.

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12

Hirst, Ben A. Exam prep: Fire officer III & IV. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2007.

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13

Hirst, Ben A. Exam prep: Building construction for the fire service. Boston: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2008.

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14

International Association of Fire Chiefs., ed. Exam prep: Technical rescue : high angle. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett, 2008.

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15

Exam prep: Fire officer I and II. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett, 2004.

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16

Hirst, Ben A. Exam prep: Technical rescue : swift water. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett, 2008.

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17

Hirst, Ben A. Exam prep: Technical rescue : ropes and rigging. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett, 2006.

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18

Hirst, Ben A. Exam prep: Industrial fire fighter - incipient level. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2007.

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19

Hirst, Ben A. Exam prep: Fire inspector I & II. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2005.

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20

Hirst, Ben A. Exam prep: Hazardous materials technician. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2005.

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21

International Association of Fire Chiefs., ed. Exam prep: Wildland fire fighter I & II. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett, 2005.

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22

Ted R. Pindus, Nancy M. Douglass, John B. Rossman, Shelli B. Miller. Databook on Nonfatal Injury: Incidence, Costs, and Consequences. University Press of America, 1995.

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23

Stephen, Kaye H., LaPlante Mitchell P, and Educational Resources Information Center (U.S.), eds. The incidence of traumatic brain injury in the United States. [Washington, DC]: U.S. Dept. of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement, Educational Resources Information Center, 1996.

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24

Sharples, Edward. Acute kidney injury. Edited by Rutger Ploeg. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0127.

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common, major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients, and contributes significantly to length of stay and hence costs. Large epidemiological studies consistently demonstrate an incidence of AKI of 5–18% depending on the definition of AKI utilized. Even relatively small changes in renal function are associated with increased mortality, and this has led to strict definition and staging of AKI. Early recognition with good clinical assessment, diagnosis, and management are critical to prevent progression of AKI and reduce the potential complications, including long-term risk of end-stage renal failure. In this chapter, the pathophysiology, causes, and early management of AKI are discussed. Hypovolaemia and sepsis are the most common causes in hospitalized patients, across medical and surgical specialities. Other common causes are discussed, as well as diagnostic criteria.

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25

Sivan, Shobana, and Sankar D. Navaneethan. Acute Kidney Injury after Bariatric Surgery. Edited by Tomasz Rogula, Philip Schauer, and Tammy Fouse. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190608347.003.0020.

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Bariatric surgery is an effective and durable treatment option for weight loss and remission of diabetes in obesity. Incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) after bariatric surgery has ranged between 2.8% and 8.5%, depending on the definition used in the studies. Published reports have used serum creatinine alone in determining the incidence of AKI and thereby have underestimated AKI prevalence. AKI has prognostic significance among bariatric surgery patients and is associated with increased healthcare utilization and increased mortality in patients with AKI when compared to patients who do not sustain AKI after bariatric surgery. AKI management in bariatric surgical patients is often similar to management in other postoperative patients, involving optimal volume management, avoidance of nephrotoxic agents, including contrast, and supportive care. Early involvement of nephrologists is helpful in instituting appropriate care for these patients.

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26

Dragun, Duska, and Björn Hegner. Acute kidney injury in pregnancy. Edited by Norbert Lameire. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0250_update_001.

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Any kind of acute renal deterioration that occurs in young women may, besides typical pregnancy-related disorders, account for pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (PR-AKI). Incidence of PR-AKI is continuously decreasing, yet still represents a significant cause of fetomaternal morbidity and mortality. Hyperemesis gravidarum causing volume depletion and septic shock with renal cortical necrosis upon septic abortion are major causes of PR-AKI during early pregnancy. Pre-eclampsia and bleeding complications associated with placental abruption or other causes of obstetric haemorrhage are responsible for the majority of cases during late pregnancy (after week 35) and puerperium. Haemolytic uraemic syndrome and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura disorders are less common than pre-eclampsia, yet represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to similar features to severe pre-eclampsia cases.

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27

Waddingham, Suzanne M. Psychosocial Issues Related to Genitourinary Injury. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190461508.003.0006.

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Given the incidence of genitourinary trauma in service members surviving severe injury in Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom, all health care and mental health providers attending this population need to have an awareness of the extent of injury, the physical and psychosocial impacts, and the resulting approaches to care. It is also important that clinicians are comfortable with assessment for issues relating to sexual health and intimacy, capable adequately addressing these issues, familiar with military culture as a component to these issues, and familiar with treatment, intervention, and resources available to this population for these very specific and critical needs.

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28

Farmer, Rainier H. The impact of external factors on occupational injury/illness and lost workday incidence rates. 1991.

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29

East Sussex, Brighton and Hove Health Authority. and Headway (Organisation), eds. Acquired brain injury in East Sussex: Incidence, services & recommendations for change : report by the Acquired Brain Injury Co-ordinator (East Sussex), 1999-2001. [Nottingham?]: Headway, 2001.

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30

Fichtner, Alexander, and Franz Schaefer. Acute kidney injury in children. Edited by Norbert Lameire. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0239.

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In the past few decades, the overall incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in paediatric patients has increased and the aetiological spectrum has shifted from infection-related and intrinsic renal causes towards secondary forms of AKI related to exposure to nephrotoxic drugs and complex surgical, oncological, and intensive care manoeuvres. In addition, neonatal kidney impairment and haemolytic uraemic syndrome continue to be important specific paediatric causes of AKI raising unique challenges regarding prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The search for new biomarkers is a current focus of research in paediatric as in adult AKI research.Pharmacological intervention studies to prevent or attenuate AKI have provided positive evidence only for the prophylactic use of theophylline in severely depressed neonates, whereas dopamine and loop diuretics did not demonstrate any efficacy. Preliminary findings support a dose-dependent renoprotective action of fenoldopam in infants undergoing cardiac surgery.Critical issues in the management of AKI in children include fluid handling, maintenance of adequate nutrition, and the choice of renal replacement therapy modality. Observational studies have suggested an adverse impact of fluid overload and late start of renal replacement therapy, and a randomized clinical trial revealed detrimental effects of aggressive fluid bolus therapy in volume-depleted children.Technological advances have made it possible to apply continuous replacement therapies in children of all ages, including preterm neonates, using appropriately sized catheters, filters, tubing, and flow settings adapted to paediatric needs. However, the majority of children with AKI worldwide are still treated with peritoneal dialysis, and comparative studies demonstrating superiority of extracorporeal techniques over peritoneal dialysis are lacking.The outcomes of paediatric AKI are comparable to adult patients. In critically ill children, mortality risk increases with each stage of AKI; mortality rates typically range between 15% and 30% for all AKI stages and 30% to 60% in children requiring renal replacement therapy. Chronic kidney disease develops in approximately 10% of children surviving AKI.

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31

Kerr, Gretchen Allison *. A longitudinal study examining the effects of a stress management program on athletic performance and injury incidence. 1989.

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32

Hoste, Eric A. J., John A. Kellum, and Norbert Lameire. Definitions, classification, epidemiology, and risk factors of acute kidney injury. Edited by Norbert Lameire. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0220_update_001.

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The lack of a precise biochemical definition of acute kidney injury (AKI) resulted in at least 35 definitions in the medical literature, which gave rise to a wide variation in reported incidence and clinical significance of AKI, impeded a meaningful comparison of studies.The first part of this chapter describes and discusses different definitions and classification systems of AKI. Patient outcome and the need for renal replacement therapy are directly related to the severity of AKI, an observation that supports the use of a categorical staging system rather than a simple binary descriptor. The severity of AKI is commonly characterized using the relative changes in serum creatinine and urine output. Recently introduced staging systems including the RIFLE classification and the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) use these relatively simple and readily available parameters allowing the assignment of individual patients to different AKI stages. More recently, a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) workgroup developed a consensus-based AKI staging system drawing elements of both RIFLE and AKIN. The potential pitfalls and limitations of the proposed definitions and classifications are briefly described.The second part of the chapter describes the epidemiology of AKI in different clinical settings; the intensive care unit (ICU), the hospitalized population, and the community. The different spectrum of AKI in the emerging countries is discussed and the most important causes and aetiologies of the major clinical types of AKI, prerenal, renal, and post-renal are summarized in table form. Finally the patient survival and renal functional outcome of AKI are briefly discussed

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33

Christopher J. L. Murray (Editor) and Alan D. Lopez (Editor), eds. Global Health Statistics: A Compendium of Incidence, Prevalence and Mortality Estimates for Over 200 Conditions (The Global Burden of Disease and Injury). Harvard School of Public Health, 1996.

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34

Nauta, Joske, Willem van Mechelen, and Evert ALM Verhagen. Epidemiology and prevention of sports injuries. Edited by Neil Armstrong and Willem van Mechelen. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757672.003.0040.

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Although sports injuries in children are common, prevention of these injuries is paramount. In order to set out effective prevention programmes, epidemiological studies need to be conducted on incidence, severity, and aetiology of sports injuries. Furthermore, the effectiveness of a preventive measure must be assessed, and the eventual implementation of a programme closely evaluated. When conducting epidemiological studies in sports injuries the injury definition used can have a large impact on the outcome, especially as the aetiology of sports injuries is highly multi-causal and recursive. In addition to distinguishing between ‘sports injury’, ‘sports injury incidence’ and ‘sports participation’, the severity of the injury must be defined by taking six indices into consideration: nature of sports injuries, duration and nature of treatment, sports time loss, working/school time loss, permanent damage, and costs of sports injuries.

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35

Mullins, Gerard, and Julian Ray. Neurophysiological investigation of injuries sustained in sport. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199533909.003.0013.

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The continued growth of recreational and competitive sports has been accompanied by an increased incidence of nerve injuries that have been traditionally associated with other types of occupational injury (Krivickas and Wilbourn 1998). Peripheral nerves are susceptible to injury in the athlete because of excessive physiological demands (...

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36

Gupta, Rajnish K., and Alexandria N. Nickless. Nerve Injuries from Positioning and Regional Blocks. Edited by Matthew D. McEvoy and Cory M. Furse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190226459.003.0074.

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Peripheral nerve injury in the perioperative period can have a variety of etiologies, including preexisting patient factors and by surgical and anesthetic complications such as intraoperative positioning and nerve blockade. The actual incidence may be difficult to assess, because most nerve injuries resolve with time and frequently require minimal to no intervention. Injuries often manifest more than 48 hours after surgery and have even been noted in patients who undergo awake procedures and in hospitalized patients who never undergo surgery. This should not negate the fact that close attention to detail when positioning patients and performing regional anesthesia may help decrease the overall incidence of nerve injury and should be considered in every anesthesiologist’s perioperative plan. This chapter reviews proper assessment, treatment, and follow-up for peripheral nerve injuries.

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37

Mundy, Anthony R., and Daniela E. Andrich. Lower urinary tract trauma. Edited by Anthony R. Mundy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0052.

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Lower urinary tract trauma is common. Indeed, iatrogenic lower urinary tract trauma is the commonest type of urological injury. External trauma is much less common but potentially life-threatening, if only because of the force needed to cause it. This chapter describes the incidence, aetiology, pathology, clinical features, and management of both types of injury and draws attention to the controversies in management of the most serious of these injuries which remain controversial after nearly 100 years of debate. Despite the controversies, the three fundamental principles of treatment remain unchallenged: to provide urinary drainage to prevent or relieve urinary retention; to prevent or treat urinary extravasation; and to provide the best possible conditions for recovery of the injury.

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38

Ltd, Spudtc Publishing Pte. Incident and Injury Log Book. Independently Published, 2019.

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39

Collard, Dorine CM, Joske Nauta, and Frank JG Backx. Epidemiology and prevention of injuries in physical education. Edited by Neil Armstrong and Willem van Mechelen. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757672.003.0041.

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Since physical education (PE) classes are often obligatory, the number of injuries sustained during physical education classes is high. The most frequently reported type of injury in PE classes changes as children grow older. Young children (under 12 years of age) most often injure their wrist and elbow, while the incidence of injuries in older children (over 12 years of age) is highest in the hand and ankle. PE classes containing activities like gymnastics and ball games result in the most damage, and PE teachers must play a key role in the prevention of PE-related injuries. PE teachers are responsible for creating a safe environment for sports and play, not only by ensuring that protective devices are used properly, but that equipment is in good order. They should also modify rules as well as screen their pupils for any physical limitations.

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40

Kostka, Tomasz, and Joanna Kostka. Injuries in sports activities in elderly people. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198701590.003.0077.

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Regular physical activity in old age is widely recommended as an effective way to prevent chronic diseases and maintain well-being. Nevertheless, sports participation carries the risk of injury. In elderly people, the risk of injury is greater due to age-related pathophysiological changes and concomitant chronic conditions. Available data indicate an increasing number of injuries among older people, which is associated with there being more older people and an increasing number of these people are participating in sports and physical exercise. An appropriate identification of risk factors for injury and education of older people can reduce the incidence of injuries. Methods of preventing injuries include protective equipment such as helmets, warming up, and properly designed training programmes. Health benefits of participation in regular physical activity adjusted to health status and physical functioning outweigh hazards of sport-related injuries, even in advanced age.

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41

An epidemiological study of the incidence and duration of compensated lost time occupational injury for construction workmen, 1989: An assessment and application of Workers' Compensation Board and Labour Force data. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1992.

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42

Wilson-MacDonald, James, and Colin Nnadi. Fractures of the spine in children. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.014003.

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♦ Spinal injuries in children are rare♦ Pseudosubluxation above C4 is common in healthy children so the sign needs careful interpretation♦ Epiphyseal plates and a high incidence of skeletal variability make the interpretation of spinal x-rays in children difficult. Anterior wedging is also normal as is interpedicular widening♦ Spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA) may occur for up to one-third of spinal injuries in children♦ Deformity secondary to trauma tends to deteriorate with growth.

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43

Saxon, Leanne. Bone. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199533909.003.0006.

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Sports participation has numerous positive health benefits; however, it is also associated with an increased risk of injury. While bone injuries in sport are less frequent than ligament tears, contusions, or surface wounds, they can be debilitating for an athlete because of the time needed for recovery. In this chapter I describe the incidence and cost of bone injuries in sport, fundamentals of bone biology and repair, risk factors associated with fractures, stress fractures, and periostitis, and review both current and possible future recommendations for the treatment of bone-related injuries....

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44

Speed, Cathy. Injuries to the elbow and forearm. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199533909.003.0025.

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Elbow injuries in sport can affect any athlete in relation to trauma, but overuse injuries are seen most frequently in overhead/throwing athletes and gymnasts across a wide age spectrum. The consequences of such injuries can be serious and result in loss of time in training and competition. The close interplay between the shoulder and elbow as part of the kinetic chain is well illustrated by the fact that, in those recreational tennis players with a history of lateral epicondylitis, there is a 63% greater incidence of shoulder injury (...

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45

Jain, Shilpa, and Mark T. Gladwin. Sickle crisis in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0275.

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Sickle cell disease crises are precipitated by an acute occlusion of microvessels, which can lead to end organ ischaemia reperfusion injury and acute haemolysis. Acute fat emboli syndrome, acute lung injury (the acute chest syndrome), acute pulmonary hypertension, and cor pulmonale, haemorrhagic and occlusive stroke, and systemic infection represent the most common life-threatening complications observed in current ICU practice. General principles of management in all patients admitted to the critical care unit are hydration, antibiotics, pain control, and maintenance of oxygenation and ventilation. Red blood cell transfusion therapy is the treatment of choice for most complications of sickle cell disease requiring intensive care management. Transfusion of sickle negative, leukoreduced red blood cells, phenotypically matched for Rhesus and Kell antigens is the minimum standard of care in sickle cell disease patients as they have a high incidence of red blood cell alloimmunization.

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46

Staff, Journals for All. Workplace Injury and Investigation Register: Incident Log. Independently Published, 2017.

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47

Sirota, Jeffrey C., and Isaac Teitelbaum. Peritoneal dialysis in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0216.

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Peritoneal dialysis, the first modality of renal replacement therapy used in patients with acute kidney injury, has now largely been supplanted by haemofiltration and haemodialysis. However, as acute kidney injury becomes more common and the need for renal replacement therapy increases, the technical advantages of peritoneal dialysis have made it an increasingly attractive option in acute settings, particularly in resource-deprived areas where haemodialysis is not available. Peritoneal modality can offer distinct advantages over haemodialytic techniques in patients with certain concomitant conditions. A variety of infectious, mechanical, pulmonary, and metabolic complications are possible with peritoneal dialysis, but the incidence of these is low in the acute setting. While not yet studied in robust comparative trials against the various haemodialytic modalities, there is some emerging evidence that peritoneal dialysis can provide adequate renal replacement therapy in acute settings, and acute peritoneal dialysis should be considered when haemodialysis is not available or its attendant complications are undesired.

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48

Reffelmann, Thorsten, and Robert Kloner. Adjunctive Reperfusion Therapy Post-AMI. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199544769.003.0009.

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• Reperfusion of the occluded coronary artery in an ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction is the most effective approach for reducing infarct size, preserving left ventricular ejection fraction, lowering the incidence and severity of congestive heart failure and improving prognosis• Hence, several pharmacologic agents intended to improve target vessel patency as an adjunct to thrombolysis or primary percutaneous coronary intervention have been shown to be beneficial in patients with reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction, namely antiplatelet and anticoagulation agents• Animal investigations have suggested that coronary reperfusion may also result in undesirable cardiac alterations, termed ‘reperfusion injury’, such as reversible contractile dysfunction (‘stunning’), microvascular obstruction (‘no-reflow’), and in several studies the progression of myocardial necrosis (‘lethal reperfusion injury’)• Clinical investigations of various pharmacologic interventions as an adjunctive therapy to reperfusion to reduce final infarct size, the amount of contractile dysfunction and to improve prognosis have been mostly inconsistent; only a few interventions, e.g. adenosine and atrial natriuretic peptide seem to show promise at least in certain subgroups.

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49

Hardacker, Doris M. Hypoglycemia. Edited by Matthew D. McEvoy and Cory M. Furse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190226459.003.0032.

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The detrimental effects of hyperglycemia have been enumerated in critically ill patients, and more rigid control of glucose during the perioperative period has been advocated. The more liberal use of intraoperative continuous insulin infusions, however, has unfortunately led to an increased incidence of hypoglycemia. Anesthetized patients exhibit few, if any, signs of severe hypoglycemia. Because the brain is dependent on glucose as a primary energy source, the most devastating result of unrecognized hypoglycemia may be permanent neurologic injury or death. Therefore, it is imperative that the anesthesiologist recognize patients who are at risk for this complication and frequently measure glucose levels to avoid inadvertent hypoglycemia.

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50

Kinsella, Sinead, and John Holian. The effect of chronic renal failure on critical illness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0218.

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The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is increasing, reflecting an increase in the incidence and prevalence of hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Patients with CKD and ESKD frequently experience episodes of critical illness and require treatment in an intensive care unit (ICU)setting. Management requires specific consideration of their renal disease status together with their acute illness. Mortality in critically-ill patients with ESKD is frequently related to their co-morbid conditions, rather than their ESKD status. Illness severity scoring systems allocate high points for renal variables and tend to overestimate actual mortality. Patients with ESKD and CKD requiring ICU admission have better ICU and in-hospital survival than patients with denovo acute kidney injury requiring renal replacement therapy. Appropriately selected patients benefit from ICU admission and full consideration for ICU care should be given to these patients if required, despite their renal disease status. Cardiovascular disease and sepsis account for the majority of ICU admissions in this population and the aetiology of these conditions differs from that in patients without kidney disease. Optimal critical care management of patients with ESKD and CKD requires that these differences are recognized.

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Books on the topic 'Injury incidence'

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