Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Injections'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Injections.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Injections.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Blackwelder, Reid B. "Joint Injections." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6993.
Full text
2
Gallo, Federico. "Dynamics of sand injections." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613651.
Full text
3
Talacek, Philip. "Valuation of harmonic current injections." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical & Computer Engineering, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4508.
Full textAbstract:
The number of power electronic and distorting loads, continue to grow at a rapid pace. Accompanying this growth in distortion sources is an increased sensitivity of certain types of loads to harmonic distortion, and poor power quality in general. The result is greater variance in the value loads place on a harmonic free supply, and therefore what they are prepared to pay to mitigate the potential consequences of harmonic distortion.
Harmonic distortion imposes costs worth considering, if not, no action would be taken by networks to mitigate the effects of harmonic injections. This thesis develops tools that allow the valuation of the harmonic injections made by loads throughout a network. The ability to accurately value harmonic distortion is critical if an optimal allocation of resources committed to the problem is to be achieved. Also this work develops methods by which an optimal allocation of resources can be brought about, and ways the costs of any action taken, can be distributed in a manner deemed fair.
Marginal pricing is the technique used to achieve an efficient allocation of resources. In a decentralised framework, marginal pricing will encourage efficient behaviour from each network participant. This is achieved by making the cost of each load's actions transparent, and borne by that load. Also marginal pricing fully utilises all the available knowledge throughout the system. The utilisation of knowledge is the key to solving all economic problems, and the difficulty associated with gathering knowledge makes centralised decision making inherently inefficient.
This thesis develops marginal prices for harmonic injections, and these prices are demonstrated to encourage efficient behaviour from each load with respect to reducing the injection they make into the system. It is also shown marginal pricing has the ability to encourage efficient allocation of filter resources. By determining exactly how much the distortion is worth, it is possible establish exactly how much the network is willing to pay, to reduce that distortion. There are multiple ways marginal pricing can be implemented, depending on whether charges are based on the Norton injections of each load or the total harmonic injection. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed.
4
Lefèvre, Antoine Fisch Alain. "Vaccination intradermique historique, présent et avenir /." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2007. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0252424.pdf.
Full text
5
Yelland, Michael John. "Randomised controlled trial of prolotherapy injections, saline injections and exercises in the treatment of chronic low back pain /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18660.pdf.
Full text
6
Song, Amos. "Ultrasound guided glenohumeral injections in adhesive capsulitis." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12228.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.A.)--Boston UniversityObjective: The objective of this thesis was to assess outcomes of glenohumeral corticosteroid injections for adhesive capsulitis. Design: The thesis was composed of two parts. First, a systematic literature review was conducted on glenohumeral corticosteroid injections on shoulder outcomes for adhesive capsulitis. Second, an original prospective study was conducted to measure the effect of ultrasound-guided injections on pain and function for adhesive capsulitis patients. Setting: All injections for the prospective injection study were conducted at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, MA. Patients: Inclusion criteria were patients receiving an ultrasound guided injection for adhesive capsulitis. 67 patients were included, 59 patients were available at first follow up, and 40 patients were available at final follow up. Methods: The literature review was conducted using the online databases PubMed (1966-present), Embase (1947-present), Web of Science (1900– present), and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Study criteria were limited to clinical trials that evaluated the application of corticosteroid injections, both alone and in combination with other treatment modalities, specifically for the condition of adhesive capsulitis in the shoulder. Studies involving non-corticosteroid injections or injections for conditions not specific to adhesive capsulitis were excluded. Results were limited to papers in the English language. A data table summarizing pain, function, and range of motion outcomes of each treatment was produced. A percent change from baseline was calculated to facilitate comparisons. For the injection study, the first follow-up took place after an average of 2.0 months and patients' improvement in pain and range of motion were assessed. During a final follow-up after an average of 10.4 months, patients’ pain and shoulder function scores were assessed over telephone. [TRUNCATED]
7
Lee, Siew-Wei. "The effects of compensation injections on tunnels." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272065.
Full text
8
Vielcazals, Stéphanie. "Réacteur d'oxydation hydrothermale à multi-injections d'oxydant." Pau, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PAUU3038.
Full textAbstract:
L'oxydation hydrothermale est une méthode de traitement des effluents industriels aqueux. Elle consiste en une minéralisation totale de la matière organique en présence d'un oxydant dans de l'eau sous pression et sous haute température. Ce procédé représente une alternative technique et économique intéressante pour le traitement des effluents moyennement concentrés. Le premier chapitre de ce mémoire expose les propriétés physicochimiques de l'eau supercritique ainsi que le principe, les avantages et les limitations des différents procédés d'oxydation hydrothermale. Des solutions à ces limitations sont détaillées et un état des lieux des pilotes existants est dressé. Le second chapitre consiste en un bilan des travaux réalisés sur la simulation des réacteurs d'oxydation hydrothermale. Il est suivi par l'écriture des équations générales caractérisant ce procédé (équation de conservation de la masse, de la quantité de mouvement, des espèces et de l'énergie) qui sont ensuite simplifiées dans le cas d'un écoulement monodimensionnel en régime stationnaire. Le troisième chapitre est consacré à la modélisation et au dimensionnement d'un dispositif expérimental permettant une régulation de la pression à l'aide d'un capillaire. Grâce à cette détente contrôlée, les sels ayant précipités dans l'eau supercritique sont alors à même d'être récupérés. Enfin, le dernier chapitre est dédié à la modélisation d'un réacteur tubulaire d'oxydation hydrothermale ainsi qu'à la validation de ce modèle grâce aux résultats expérimentaux obtenus sur un réacteur pilote. L'originalité de ce pilote réside en la multi-injections de l'oxydantHydrothermal oxidation is a method of treatment for aqueous industrial liquid waste. It consists in a total mineralization of the organic matter in the presence of an oxidant dissolved into water under pressure and high temperature. This process represents a technical and economic alternative interesting for the treatment of liquid waste fairly concentrated. The first chapter of this memory exposes the physico-chemical properties of supercritical water as well as the principle, the advantages and the limitations of the various processes of hydrothermal oxidation. An inventory of the existing pilots is drawn up. The second chapter presents an assessment of the simulation of hydrothermal oxidation reactors. It is followed by the writing of the general equations characterizing this process (conservation equation of mass, momentum, species and energy) which are then simplified in the case of a one-dimensional flow in stationary mode. The third chapter is devoted to the modelling and the design of an experimental device allowing for the regulation of the back pressure of the process. Indeed inside a capillary device, the controlled expansion of fluid allows for the recovery of the salts precipitated in supercritical water. Lastly, the final chapter is devoted to the modelling of a tubular reactor of hydrothermal oxidation and to the validation of this model thanks to the experimental results obtained on a pilot reactor. The main originality of this pilot comes from its multi-injections points of oxidant
9
Mårtensson, Lena. "Sterile water injections and acupuncture as treatment for labour pain /." Göteborg : Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/703.
Full text
10
Stafford, M. A. "Epidural steroid injections for the treatment of sciatica." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411804.
Full text
11
Hall, Adrian Mark. "Composition and morphology of substorm-associated ion injections." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30662.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis describes an investigation into the composition and morphology of substorm ion injections at magnetic latitudes and L-shells away from geostationary orbit. Furthermore, the work investigates the Dst-dependent conditions that affect these compositional and spatial characteristics. Count rate and composition measurements in the energy range 80 - 400 keV/q form the basis of the analysis. Near-equatorial observations by the CRRES spacecraft during 1991 have been used to study substorm and near-Earth magnetosphere composition, injection event distribution, and the injection region morphology. Measurements made by the Polar satellite during 1996 extend the study to high magnetic latitudes (50 - 60 °) and high L-shells (7 ≤ L ≤ 22), and are used to investigate the radial morphology of the injection region. For the first time, substorm injection rate as a function of composition, Dst, and injection type has been quantified. In storm time the rate more than doubles. This appears to result from the observed increase in the azimuthal extent of the average injection region. Analysis has shown however, that substorm onset and type (single or multiple injection events) are (for the most part) not significantly composition dependent. The threefold increase in ionospheric-rich event frequency during storm time is principally a result of the increase seen in the equatorial, dusk flank event occurrence. Ion injections have been observed over a large radial extent. Furthermore, ions drift coherently over a large range of L-shells, spanning, at times, from geostationary orbit to L ≈ 18. The inward transport of these ions is not composition dependent. The injected plasma depends on the magnetospheric composition tailward of the spacecraft. This is highly spatially variable and dependent on the past, and prevailing Dst conditions with large (fourfold) enhancements in ionospheric origin material observed inside of L ≈ 7 ( i.e. below the altitude of most substorm onsets) during storm time. The storm time nightside ring current is observed to expand both earthward and tail ward. Out of the equatorial plane, the injection rate is hypothesised to artificially decrease as a result of the tapered, crescent shaped form of the injection region.
12
Duboeuf, Laure. "Injections de fluide dans une zone de faille (LSBB, Rustrel) : sismicité induite et déformation asismique." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4002/document.
Full textAbstract:
Mieux appréhender la relation entre fluides, sismicité et déformation asismique est crucial en terme de risques et de ressources. Dans les zones d'injections de fluide une augmentation du taux de sismicité est observée, certains événements dépassant Mw=5. Quel est alors le rôle des fluides dans le déclenchement et le contrôle de la sismicité ? Une série d'injections de fluide à haute-pression a été réalisée dans les séries carbonatées du LSBB (Rustrel), dans la zone endommagée d'une faille inactive à 280 m de profondeur. Ces expériences in-situ ont permis l'étude des réponses sismiques et hydromécaniques (enregistrées par un large réseau de capteurs) de différentes structures géologiques à une stimulation hydraulique. Seuls certains tests ont été impactés par des séismes bien qu'une rupture ait été mesurée au point d'injection par un extensomètre. 215 séismes ont été détectés et se caractérisent par un contenu haute-fréquence (0.6 à 3 kHz) et de faible magnitude (-4.1 à -3.1). Leur localisation absolue et relative (précision de 1.5 m) a mis en évidence un manque de séismes à proximité du puits d'injection. En comparant le moment sismique cumulé et un moment équivalent de déformation, plus de 96 % de la déformation est asismique. Deux comportements sismiques distincts ont montré qu'au moins une partie de la sismicité était contrôlée par un transfert de contraintes. L'interprétation jointe des données géologiques, mécaniques, hydrogéologiques et sismiques a permis de reconstruire le mouvement des blocs de roches au point d'injection. Ainsi, la stimulation hydraulique de faille génèrerait un mouvement asismique, qui par transfert de contrainte, déclencherait la sismicitéBetter understanding how fluids pressure produce seismic or aseismic motion along faults is an important goal for seismic hazard assessment and for geological reservoir monitoring. Seismicity rate increase in fluid injection areas where some events may reach magnitude greater than 5. How fluids may induce and control seismicity? High-pressure fluid injections were performed in limestones, in the damaged zone of an inactive fault at 280m depth. These in-situ experiments allow to study the seismological and hydromechanical responses (recorded by 31 sensors) of different fracture types to a fluid perturbation. Only a few tests have generated seismicity even if ruptures are observed with a displacement sensor at the injection point. 215 earthquakes were detected and are characterized by high frequency content (0.6 to 3 KHz) and weak magnitude (-4.1 to -3.1). The relative and absolute locations (1.5m accuracy) indicate a lack of events in the vicinity of injection borehole. Comparing cumulated seismic moment with an equivalent deformation moment, more than 96% of the deformation is aseismic. Two distinct seismic behavior show that at least one part of the seismicity might be controlled by a stress transfer in the medium. Moreover, the joined interpretation geological, mechanical, hydrogeological and seismic data allow to build bloc motions at the injection point. Finally, our experiments showed that fluid injection mainly drives aseismic motion and the seismicity might be only an indirect effect related to stress transferred from the volume deformed by fluid pressurization
13
Pappas, Eleni Elias. "A new efficient model to investigate propofol injection pain." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1196275397.
Full text
14
Glémarec, Joëlle. "Corticothérapie intra-articulaire atloido-axoidiennne par voie postérieure sous radioscopie : étude rétrospective et comparative dans les pathologies mécaniques et inflammatoires." Nantes, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NANT233M.
Full text
15
Lokby, Patrik, and Manfred Jönsson. "Preventing SQL Injections by Hashing the Query Parameter Data." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för datalogi och datorsystemteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-14922.
Full textAbstract:
Context. Many applications today use databases to store user informationor other data for their applications. This information can beaccessed through various different languages depending on what typeof database it is. Databases that use SQL can maliciously be exploitedwith SQL injection attacks. This type of attack involves inserting SQLcode in the query parameter. The injected code sent from the clientwill then be executed on the database. This can lead to unauthorizedaccess to data or other modifications within the database. Objectives. In this study we investigate if a system can be builtwhich prevents SQL injection attacks from succeeding on web applicationsthat is connected with a MySQL database. In the intendedmodel, a proxy is placed between the web server and the database.The purpose of the proxy is to hash the SQL query parameter dataand remove any characters that the database will interpret as commentsyntax. By processing each query before it reaches its destination webelieve we can prevent vulnerable SQL injection points from being exploited. Methods. A literary study is conducted the gain the knowledgeneeded to accomplish the objectives for this thesis. A proxy is developedand tested within a system containing a web server and database.The tests are analyzed to arrive at a conclusion that answers ours researchquestions. Results. Six tests are conducted which includes detection of vulnerableSQL injection points and the delay difference on the system withand without the proxy. The result is presented and analyzed in thethesis. Conclusions. We conclude that the proxy prevents SQL injectionpoints to be vulnerable on the web application. Vulnerable SQL injectionpoints is still reported even with the proxy deployed in thesystem. The web server is able to process more http requests that requiresa database query when the proxy is not used within the system.More studies are required since there is still vulnerable SQL injectionspoints.
16
Abramson, Alex Gilbert. "Ingestible capsules for therapeutic injections in the gastrointestinal tract." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122845.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, 2019Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 189-201).
Macromolecule drugs such as insulin have transformed our capacity to effectively treat diseases; however, their rapid degradation and poor absorption in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract generally limits their administration to parenteral routes. An oral biologic delivery system must aid in both localization and permeation to achieve systemic drug uptake. In this thesis I will describe two oral capsules designed to systemically deliver macromolecules by inserting the drugs directly into the walls of the gastrointestinal tract. One device is designed to deliver to the stomach wall, while the other device is designed to deliver to the wall of the small intestine. Ex vivo studies on human GI tissue and in vivo studies in rats and swine support the devices' safety and high delivery efficiency. I perform a cost effectiveness analysis using a first and second order Monte Carlo simulation to show that these new methods of oral macromolecule delivery should increase the quality-adjusted life expectancies of patients suffering from diabetes. Moreover, I demonstrate that electronic systems can be incorporated into these devices for communication and additional therapeutic applications. With the ability to load a multitude of drug formulations, the devices can serve as platform technologies to orally deliver therapeutic doses of macromolecule drugs.
"NSF for providing me with a fellowship towards pursuing my graduate degree, and I want to acknowledge a grant from the National Institutes of Health for funding part of the research as well (EB-000244)"
by Alex Gilbert Abramson.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering
17
Trabelsi, Oualid. "Méthodes pour la modélisation des injections de fautes électromagnétiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021IPPAT021.
Full textAbstract:
Les attaques par injection de faute représentent une menace considérable pour les systèmes cyber-physiques. Dès lors, la protection contre ces attaques est une nécessité pour assurer un haut niveau de sécurité dans les applications sensibles comme l'internet des objets, les téléphones mobiles ou encore les voitures connectées. Élaborer des protections demande au préalable de bien comprendre les mécanismes d'attaque afin de proposer des contre-mesures efficaces. En matière de méthodes d'injection de faute, celle par interférence électromagnétique s'est vu être une source de perturbation efficace, en étant moins intrusive et avec une configuration à faible coût. Outre l'ajustement des paramètres d'injection, l’efficacité de cette méthode réside dans le choix de la sonde qui génère le rayonnement électromagnétique. L'état de l'art propose déjà des travaux par rapport à la conception et la caractérisation de ce type d'injecteur. Cependant, les résultats correspondant rapportent une différence entre ceux issus de la simulation et ceux à partir des tests expérimentaux.La première partie de la thèse aborde la question de l'efficacité des sondes magnétiques, en mettant l'accent sur l'implication de leurs propriétés. Afin de comparer les sondes, nous proposons d'observer l'impact des impulsions électromagnétiques au niveau logique, sur des cibles particulières de type FPGA.La caractérisation est aussi établie suivant la variation des paramètres d'injection comme l'amplitude et la polarité de l'impulsion, le nombre d'impulsions ou encore l'instant de l'injection. Ces résultats ont permis de converger sur les paramètres optimaux qui maximisent l'effet des sondes magnétiques. La caractérisation est par la suite étendue au niveau architecture sur des cibles de type microcontrôleur. L'objet de la seconde contribution consiste à présenter une démarche d'analyse, basée sur trois méthodes génériques, qui servent à déterminer les vulnérabilités des microcontrôleurs sur les instructions ou les données. Ces méthodes portent sur l'identification des éléments vulnérables au niveau architecture, l'analyse des modèles de faute au niveau bit, et enfin la définition de l'état des fautes, à savoir transitoire ou semi-persistent.Le travail de dresser les modèles de faute, ainsi que le nombre d'instructions ou données impactées, est un jalon important pour la conception de contre-mesures plus robustes. Concernant ce dernier point, des contre-mesures au niveau instruction ont été proposées contre les modèles de faute logiciels. Actuellement, le mécanisme le plus répandu se résume à appliquer une redondance dans l'exécution du programme à protéger. Toutefois, ce type de contre-mesure est formulé sur l'hypothèse qu'une injection de faute équivaut un seul saut d'instruction. Vis-à-vis de nos observations, ces contre-mesures basées sur de la duplication au niveau instructions présentent des vulnérabilités, que nous identifions, puis corrigeonsFault injection attacks represent a considerable threat to cyber-physical systems.Therefore, protection against these attacks is required to ensure a high level of security in sensitive applications such as the Internet of Things, smart devices or connected cars.Developing protection requires a good understanding of the attack mechanisms in order to propose effective countermeasures.In terms of fault injection methods, electromagnetic interference has proven to be an effective source of disruption, being less intrusive and with a low cost setup.Besides the adjustment of the injection parameters, the effectiveness of this attack mean lies in the choice of the probe that generates the electromagnetic radiation.The state of the art already proposes many works related to the design and characterization of this type of injector.However, the corresponding results point out to some difference between those from simulation and those from experimental tests.The first part of the thesis addresses the question of the efficiency of magnetic probes, with a focus on their properties.In order to compare the probes, we propose to observe the impact of electromagnetic pulses at the logic level, on particular targets such as FPGA.The characterization is also established according to the variation of the injection parameters such as the amplitude and the polarity of the pulse, the number of pulses or the injection time.These results allowed to converge on the optimal parameters that maximize the effect of the magnetic probes.The characterization is then extended to the architecture level on microcontroller targets.The purpose of the second contribution is to present an analysis approach, based on three generic methods, which are used to determine the vulnerabilities of microcontrollers with respect to instructions or data.These methods concern the identification of vulnerable elements at the architecture level, the analysis of fault models at the bit level, and finally the definition of the temporal fault status, i.e. transient or semi-persistent.Establishing the fault patterns, as well as the number of the impacted instructions or data, is an important milestone for the design of more robust countermeasures.Regarding the latter, instruction-level countermeasures have been proposed against software fault models.Currently, the most common mechanism is to apply a redundant execution of the program to be protected.However, this type of countermeasure is based on the assumption that a fault injection imply a single instruction jump.With respect to our observations, these countermeasures based on instruction-level duplication present vulnerabilities, which we identify and then correct
18
Norström, Alexander. "Measuring Accurancy of Vulnerability Scanners : An Evaluation with SQL Injections." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Informationskodning, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-106628.
Full textAbstract:
Web application vulnerabilities of critical are commonly found in web applications. The arguably most problematic class of web application vulnerabilities is SQL injections. SQL injection vulnerabilities can be used to execute commands on the database coupled to the web application, e.g., to extract the web application’s user and passwords data. Black box testing tools are often used (both by system owners and their adversaries) to discover vul- nerabilities in a running web application. Hence, how well they perform at discovering SQL injection vulnerabilities is of importance. This thesis describes an experiment assessing de- tection capability for different SQL injection vulnerabilities under different conditions. In the experiment the following is varied: SQL injection vulnerability (17 instances allowing tautologies, piggy-backed queries, and logically incorrect queries), scanners (four products), exploitability (three levels), input vector (POST/GET), and time investment (three levels). The number of vulnerabilities detected is largely determined by the choice of scanner (30% to 77%) and the input vector (71% or 38%). The interaction between the scanner and input vector is substantial since two scanners cannot handle the POST-vector at all. Substantial differences are also found between how well different SQL injection vulnerabilities are de- tected and the more exploitable variants are detected more often, as expected. The impact of time spent with the scan interacts with the scanner - some scanners required considerable time to configure and other did not – and as a consequence the relationship between time investments to detection capabilities is non-trivial.
19
Di, Silvestro Matthew D. "Hyaluronic acid injections in the treatment of the osteoarthritic knee." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0002/MQ42061.pdf.
Full text
20
Pine, R. J. "Rock joint and rock mass behaviour during pressurised hydraulic injections." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374872.
Full textAbstract:
The hydro-mechanical effects of high pressure fluid injections into jointed rock are considered mostly in the context of Hot Dry Rock (HDR) geothermal energy systems. In Part I, the mai n aspects ari sing from the HDR research at the "Camborne School of Mines (CSM) and Los Alamos Nat iana 1 Laboratory (LANL) projects are reviewed. Previous approaches to fluid-rock interacti ons at these projects and important observed phenomena are highlighted. Fundamental aspects of rock joint geometry, mechanical behaviour and flow regimes within jointed rock are also reviewed. These aspects are then related to possible conditions in HDR systems. The role of in situ stress conditions is of great significance in this study and is reviewed theoretically and in detail for both the CSM and LANL project sites. The revi ew incl udes a comprehensi ve seri es of measurements, by different techniques, organised and interpreted by the author at the CSM project. In Part II, model development, the emphasis is on intermediate fluid pressures which are too high for simple diffusion alone and too low for tensile hydraulic fracturing. The dominant mechanical activity is one of joint shear. Strike-slip shearing due to fluid injection is examined in two dimensions with the numerical model FRIP, which has been extended by the author. Similar behaviour is examined in three dimensions with an analytical model which is linked to microseismic observations. This model explains the observed phenomenon of downward shear growth. Joint distribution and mechanical properties, and their effect on fluid diffusivity, are examined and used in analytical models of fluid pressure pulse propagation, tracer transport, and rock stress increment transfer. All models are used to help interpret field data, mainly from the CSM project. The models are also of potential application to hydrocarbon reservoir stimulation, liquid waste disposal and leakage from high pressure water tunnels.
21
Rytlewski, Francesca Elizabeth. "In vitro investigations into needleless injections and transdermal drug delivery." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401874.
Full text
22
Gosselin, Valérie. "Injections systémiques de phencyclidine et inhibition latente chez le rat." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/42952.
Full textAbstract:
L'inhibition latente (IL) correspond au retard d'acquisition d'une réponse conditionnelle (RC) suite à l'exposition répétée et non renforcée à un stimulus conditionnel (SC). Chez les patients schizophrènes et les modèles animaux de la pathologie, l'IL est abolie. La présente étude examine, chez le rat, l'effet de l'injection systémique de phencyclidine (PCP) sur l'IL dans une tâche de lapement conditionné. Des rats traités au PCP sont d'abord préexposés et conditionnés à un SC auditif après 5 jours sans traitement, ils sont préexposés et conditionnés à un SC visuel. Au premier conditionnement, huit groupes (n = 8) sont injectés avec du PCP ou une solution saline (SAL), sont préexposés (P) ou non (NP) au SC et sont traités avant et durant la préexposition (1) ou également lors du conditionnement (2). Les résultats montrent que l'IL est accentuée chez les rats PCP2-P lors du conditionnement auditif. Cet effet n'est pas persistant puisque les résultats ne sont pas reproduits lors du conditionnement visuel.
23
BESCHET, ALBERT. "Traitement des dystonies cervicales par injections locales de toxine botulinique." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1M198.
Full text
24
Crowley, John J. "Enabling carers to administer depot injections : an action research study." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2014. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/11617/.
Full textAbstract:
This study has its origins in a question posed by a patient diagnosed with a psychotic illness, as to why her husband could not administer depot injection. Following local and national discussion the study aims were; - to explore the elements of risk management involved in enabling carers (supportive persons) to give depot injections - to develop a training package that may be useful for others to use should such a request be made - to establish whether enabling supportive persons to give depot injections would have an effect on the relationship between the user (recipient of the medication) and the supportive person (giver of medication) - to ascertain the views, concerns and attitudes of medical staff (prescribers) and mental health nurses (administrators of depot injections) about enabling carers/relatives (supportive persons) to give depot intramuscular injection medication. An action research study informed by empowerment theoretical perspectives and influenced by recovery philosophies was used to explore the issues about ‘supportive person’ depot administration. Methods used to collect data included case studies, interviews, observation, reflection and three validated evaluation tools. Data were analysed through thematic analysis, and alongside establishing data, relating to the study aims, additional themes i.e. stigma, disclosure, concealment and trust evolved from the data. The study has relevance for clinical practice, policy and service provision. Current government policies promote choice and collaborative working and health and social care staff are encouraged to be responsive to the views of mental health service users and carers in relation to their experiences and expectations of care. Mental health services are being asked to deliver and translate these policies into practice alongside expectations of gainful employment for service users.
25
Panayiotides-Djaferis, Hercules Theodore. "Decrease in selected temperature after intracranial dopamine injections in goldfish." PDXScholar, 1987. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3733.
Full textAbstract:
Goldfish (Carassius auratus) (40-80g) were injected with dopamine into the forebrain to study the possible involvement of this amine in central temperature regulation in these fish. Dopamine caused a decrease in selected temperature after injection into the rostral nucleus preopticus periventricularis (NPP). This effect was dependent on the dose of dopamine administered. Doses of 25, 50, 100 and 250 ng were used, injected in a volume of 0.2μ1. Injections in regions adjacent to the NPP elicited hypothermic effects only at the higher dosages. These effects were not consistent. Injections in caudal regions of the NPP elicited no effect. The effects of dopamine were blocked by haloperidol, a selective antagonist of dopamine. It is suggested that dopamine acts on central thermoregulatory neurons, present in the rostral NPP, in the mediation of thermoregulatory behavior. Further, it is suggested that this action is mediated via dopaminergic receptors.
26
Chan, Harriet S. C. "Duration of subcutaneous heparin injections : effect on bruising and pain." Thesis, Curtin University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/460.
Full textAbstract:
Injection site-pain and bruising are common side effects of subcutaneous heparin injections. These adverse outcomes are problematic for both the patient and the nurse. Specifically, site-pain causes the patient discomfort and bruising limits possible sites for subsequent injections. It is important that nurses use an injection technique that minimises the incidence of adverse outcomes when administering subcutaneous heparin injections. This study examines the effect of duration of subcutaneous heparin injection on site-pain intensity and bruise size experienced by a group of patients being treated with heparin for ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attacks.A quasiexperimental design with subjects serving as their own control was used to address the study objectives. The independent variable was the duration of the injection and the dependent variables were site-pain and bruise size. A convenience sample of 34 subjects receiving 5000 units of a subcutaneous Fragmin injection twice a day were recruited from a large teaching hospital. Subjects rated the level of perceived site-pain intensity during injection using the vertical Visual Analogue Scale. Injection-site bruising was measured at 48 and 60 hours after injection. Data were analysed using the Wilcoxon Sign-Rank test. Results indicated that injection technique B (30-second injection duration) resulted in significantly less intense site-pain during administering the injection and fewer and smaller bruises.The findings of this study indicate that injecting subcutaneous heparin over a longer duration may reduce injection site-pain and bruising.
27
Chan, Harriet S. C. "Duration of subcutaneous heparin injections : effect on bruising and pain." Curtin University of Technology, School of Nursing, 2000. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=9868.
Full textAbstract:
Injection site-pain and bruising are common side effects of subcutaneous heparin injections. These adverse outcomes are problematic for both the patient and the nurse. Specifically, site-pain causes the patient discomfort and bruising limits possible sites for subsequent injections. It is important that nurses use an injection technique that minimises the incidence of adverse outcomes when administering subcutaneous heparin injections. This study examines the effect of duration of subcutaneous heparin injection on site-pain intensity and bruise size experienced by a group of patients being treated with heparin for ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attacks.A quasiexperimental design with subjects serving as their own control was used to address the study objectives. The independent variable was the duration of the injection and the dependent variables were site-pain and bruise size. A convenience sample of 34 subjects receiving 5000 units of a subcutaneous Fragmin injection twice a day were recruited from a large teaching hospital. Subjects rated the level of perceived site-pain intensity during injection using the vertical Visual Analogue Scale. Injection-site bruising was measured at 48 and 60 hours after injection. Data were analysed using the Wilcoxon Sign-Rank test. Results indicated that injection technique B (30-second injection duration) resulted in significantly less intense site-pain during administering the injection and fewer and smaller bruises.The findings of this study indicate that injecting subcutaneous heparin over a longer duration may reduce injection site-pain and bruising.
28
Morgan, Tanya G. "Biochemical and mobility markers in osteoarthritis of the knee." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269194.
Full text
29
Earhart, Zachary. "Stability of Midazolam Intravenous Injection Solutions Under Varying Conditions and in Different Intravenous Bags." The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623978.
Full textAbstract:
Class of 2009 AbstractOBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine solutions of midazolam at a concentration of 1 mg/ml in 2 different types of IV bags while being stored under different conditions to see if they maintain stability over a one month period. METHODS: Triplicate solutions of midazolam 1 mg/ml were made in polyolefin and polyvinyl chloride IV bags and stored under refrigeration, exposed to light at room temperature, and protected from light in amber bags at room temperature. High performance liquid chromatography was used to evaluate solution stability over a 4 week period. RESULTS: All solutions remained stable with no statistically significant (p = 0.164) change in concentration from initial over the four week period. Storage condition also did not have an impact on stability and neither did type of plasticizer used. CONCLUSIONS: Solutions remain stable for longer than the manufacturer stated 24 hours and may be made in advance and stored for future use.
30
Corr, Stephen Patrick. "Development of a novel approach for the study of jet injection mechanics with a view to determining the cause of wet injections." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501867.
Full text
31
André, Mathieu. "Potentiel de la combustion HCCI et injection précoce." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00597281.
Full textAbstract:
Depuis plusieurs années, l'une des problématiques sociétales est de diminuer les émissions de polluants et de gaz à effet de serre dans l'atmosphère. Le secteur du transport terrestre est directement concerné par ces considérations. Le moteur Diesel semble promis à un bel avenir grâce à son rendement supérieur à celui du moteur à allumage commandé, conduisant à de plus faibles rejets de CO2. Cependant, sa combustion génère des émissions d'oxyde d'azote (NOx) et de particules dans l'atmosphère. Les normes anti-pollution étant de plus en plus sévères et les incitations à diminuer les consommations de carburant de plus en plus fortes, le moteur Diesel est confronté à une problématique NOx/particules/consommation toujours plus difficile à résoudre. Une des voies envisagées consiste à modifier le mode de combustion afin de limiter les émissions polluantes à la source tout en conservant de faibles consommations. La voie la plus prometteuse est la combustion HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) obtenue par injections directes précoces. Plusieurs limitations critiques doivent cependant être revues et améliorées : le mouillage des parois par le carburant liquide et le contrôle de la combustion à forte charge. Le but de cette thèse est ainsi de mieux comprendre les phénomènes mis en jeu lors de la combustion HCCI à forte charge obtenue par des multi-injections directes précoces. Une méthodologie a été mise au point afin de détecter le mouillage des parois du cylindre, ce qui a permis de comprendre l'effet du phasage et de la pression d'injection sur cette problématique. Une stratégie optimale de multi-injections permettant d'atteindre une charge élevée sans mouiller les parois a ainsi été développée et choisie. Nous avons ensuite pu mettre en évidence le potentiel de la stratification par la dilution en tant que moyen de contrôle de la combustion en admettant le diluant dans un seul des 2 conduits d'admission. Des mesures réalisées en complémentarité sur le même moteur mais en version 'optique', ont permis, à partir de la technique de Fluorescence Induite par Laser, de montrer que concentrer le diluant dans les zones réactives où se situe le carburant permet un meilleur contrôle de la combustion, ce qui permet d'amener le taux de dilution a des niveaux faisables technologiquement.
32
Chambon, Florence. "Diabète insulino-dépendant de l'enfant et de l'adolescent : comparaison de l'insulinothérapie par deux injections conventionnelles et par trois au quatre injections au stylo chez seize enfants." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11089.
Full text
33
Willberg, Lotta. "Patellar and Achilles tendinopathy : sclerosing injections and ultrasound guided arthroscopic shaving." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Idrottsmedicin, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-80194.
Full textAbstract:
Chronic painful tendinopathy is a common cause for elite- and recreational athletes to stop or decrease the level of their sports activity. Recent research on innervation patterns, histopathology and possible pain mechanisms in tendons has led to an increased knowledge about the chronic painful tendon. Ultrasound (US) and colourDoppler (CD) examination showing localized high blood flow, inside and outside regions with structural tendon abnormalities, has been shown to be of importance for tendon pain. Immuno-histochemical analyses of biopsies have shown sensory and sympathetic nerves in close relation to the high blood flow outside the tendon. These findings have led to new ideas about development of new treatment methods for chronic painful tendinopathy. In study I, we evaluated the already in use, US-guided sclerosing polidocanol injection treatment of midportion Achilles tendinopathy, using two different concentrations of the substance. This study aimed to find out if there was a faster return to pain-free activity by using the concentration 10 mg/ml compared to the formerly used 5 mg/ml. There were no significant differences in the clinical results between the groups. In study II - Technical note, we aimed to develop a new one-stage surgical treatment method for patellar tendinopathy. This method was based on research concerning the innervation patterns and US and CD findings in patellar tendinopathy/ “jumper’s knee”. Technically we added ultrasound guidance to knee arthroscopy to identify and visualize the region of interest during a surgical shaving procedure. In study III, we tested the newly invented US and CD-guided arthroscopic shaving technique in a pilot study. The short-term clinical results were promising and the majority of the patients returned to pain-free activity after a short rehabilitation period. In study IV, we compared the US and CD-guided artrhroscopic shaving method with the already in use sclerosing polidocanol injection treatment in a randomized study. At short-term follow-up, the patients treated with US and CD-guided arthroscopic shaving had significantly less pain during rest and activity, were significantly more satisfied with the treatment, and had a faster return to sports, compared to the patients in the sclerosing injection group. There were no complications. In study V, at longer-term followup (endpoint 46 months) there was a significant decrease in pain during activity in both groups. There were no remaining significant differences in the pain levels during activity between the groups. The tendon structure had improved significantly in both groups. There was a significant decrease in the antero-posterior thickness of the proximal patellar tendon in patients treated with US and CD-guided arthroscopic shaving, but not in the sclerosing injection group. The CD flow had diminished significantly in both groups, and there was a correlation between low CD flow and high patient satisfaction in both groups, The CD flow decreased faster in the surgical group than in the injection group. In conclusion, this newly invented US and CD-guided arthroscopic shaving treatment, focusing on treatment outside the tendon, has shown good clinical results with pain relief and a fast return to sports activity, in patients with patellar tendinopathy.
34
Grewal, Rajdeep S. "Efficacy of epidural steroid injections in treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33404.
Full textAbstract:
Epidural steroid injections (ESI) are used as a conservative therapy for treating lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), yet there is no concrete justification for them. Data from a randomized control trial evaluating the effectiveness of ESI in LSS patients was analyzed. Main outcomes were measured by French-translated LSS symptom severity, physical function, and satisfaction scales over 3 months. The first stage of the analyses evaluated psychometric properties of the scales and showed high internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The main analyses addressed ESI efficacy. Repeated measures analysis of variance over the first 3 months showed a marginally statistically significant improvement in symptom severity, physical function, and satisfaction in the ESI group, compared to placebo. Treatment effectiveness tended to decrease over time. Differences between groups were not significant at 6 and 12 months. All scales had a significant interaction between treatment and high blood pressure (HBP): subjects without HBP responded substantially better.
35
Shillington, Jon Mark. "Injections of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate as Treatment for Discogenic Pain." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606247.
Full textAbstract:
A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal pain complaints, affecting up to 84% of the U.S. adult population. In the United States, the highest rate of incidence is between the ages of 45 and 64 years. The causes for LBP are complex and of multiple origins, but one of the primary causes is mechanical low back pain that is discogenic in etiology. This can be secondary to either internal disc disruption (IDD) and/or degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD), also known as degenerative disc disease (DDD) [10,11]. Combined physical and medical therapies are successful in relieving pain in approximately 90% of cases of low back pain. However, the remaining 10% become chronic and generate a serious public health problem, known as chronic low--‐back pain (CLBP). CLBP decreases both the quality of life and the labor capacity of the patient. As specific diagnostic procedures for LBP have improved, discogenic pain has been identified as the primary cause of CLBP amongst adults. Within the classification of discogenic pain, the most common specific cause of pain – up to 42% of LBP complaints – is internal disc disruption (IDD), with other distinguishable causes including disc herniation, degenerative disc disease (DDD), and instability of the lumbar segment [10]. Effective treatment for discogenic LBP – and therefore for CLBP – would provide significant relief for individuals as well as for the overall health care system and the employers affected by the patients’ condition. One promising treatment option involves the use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC), which may allow for regeneration of the disc itself. Treatment with MSCs via injections derived from autologous concentrated Bone Marrow Aspirate (cBMA) would capitalize on the regenerative potential of MSCs while reducing the risk of infection or rejection, both significant risks of treatment from a heterologous source. This project analyzed data collected from 33 patients with confirmed discogenic LBP, who were treated with intradiscal injections of autologous concentrated Bone Marrow Aspirate. After initial treatment, patients were monitored through follow up visits and questionnaires (VAS, Oswestry, SF--‐36) to determine the efficacy of treatment. The areas of interest for this study were intentionally narrow. This study sought to identify specifically the patients’ self--‐reported pain and functioning levels from 2 weeks post--‐treatment to 12 months post--‐treatment. Those reports were gathered using the aforementioned instruments and synthesized to show overall trends and statistically significant changes in the patients’ self--‐ assessment. The patients were also asked to give an overall impression of whether or not their back pain had improved post treatment. While admittedly limited in authority compared to a double--‐blind, randomized, controlled trial, the information was gathered from the patients with the hopes of augmenting ongoing research related to innovative treatments for discogenic LBP and of identifying new areas for further, future research.
36
Wang, Pengyun. "A Statistical Approach for Assessing Seismic Transitions Associated with Fluid Injections." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2016. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/730.
Full textAbstract:
The wide application of fluid injection has caused a concern of the potential critical risk associated with induced seismicity. To help clarify the concern, this dissertation proposes a statistical approach for assessing seismic transitions associated with fluid injections by scientifically analyzing instrumental measures of seismic events. The assessment problem is challenging due to the uncertain effects of wastewater injections on regional seismicity, along with the limited availability of seismic and injection data. To overcome the challenge, three statistical methods are developed, with each being focused on a different aspect of the problem. Specifically, a statistical method is developed for early detection of induced seismicity, with the potential of allowing for site managers and regulators to act promptly and preparing communities for the increased seismic risk; the second method aims for addressing the further need of quantitatively assessing the transition of induced seismicity, which can reveal the underlying process of induced seismicity and provide data to support probabilistic seismic hazard analysis; and finally, the third method steps further to characterize the process of spatial distribution of induced seismicity, which accounts for spatial evolution of induced seismicity. All the proposed methods are built on the principles of Bayesian technique, which provides a flexible inference framework to incorporate domain expertise and data uncertainty. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is demonstrated using the earthquake dataset for the state of Oklahoma, which shows a promising result: the detection method is able to issue warning of induced seismicity well before the occurrence of severe consequences; the transition model provides a significantly better fit to the dataset than the classical model and sheds light on the underlying transition of induced seismicity in Oklahoma; and the spatio-temporal model provides a most comprehensive characterization of the dataset in terms of its spatial and temporal properties and is shown to have a much better short-term forecasting performance than the “naïve methods”. The proposed methods can be used in combination as a decision-making support tool to identify areas with increasing levels of seismic risk in a quantitative manner, supporting a comprehensive assessment to decide which risk-mitigation strategy should be recommended.
37
AZZAR, GHASSAN. "Modelisation des injections de coulis de bentonite-ciment dans les sols." Paris, ENSAM, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENAM0013.
Full textAbstract:
L'injection de coulis de bentonite-ciment dans les sols est un procede tres utilise pour restaurer ou augmenter les caracteristiques mecaniques d'un terrain ayant subi des dommages, ou pour etancher des ouvrages souterrains. La volonte de maitriser cette injection s'est traduite par un projet visant a sa comprehension et son controle en s'appuyant sur la modelisation numerique de l'ecoulement d'un coulis, considere comme un fluide non newtonien, dans un sol permeable. Le premier objectif de cette these etait de trouver experimentalement les coefficients necessaires a la modelisation du phenomene de l'injection. Ensuite, il s'agissait de construire un modele numerique tenant compte de tous ces parametres afin de trouver, pour des cas simples mais neanmoins representatifs, la forme et la position du domaine injecte ainsi que la courbe d'evolution de la pression dans le sol. Ces coefficients sont : * la porosite du milieu et le taux de remplissage des pores par le coulis, qui ont ete mesures a l'aide des rayons gamma. Ces deux coefficients nous donnent une porosite effective du milieu injecte par le coulis, * la loi rheologique du coulis, considere comme un fluide non newtonien de type bingham comprenant les deux parametres essentiels : sa viscosite et le seuil d'arret de l'injection lie a la nature binghamienne, * le coefficient de dispersion du coulis dans l'eau residant dans le milieu poreux (suivant sa valeur, on peut a priori envisager deux modeles d'ecoulement, miscible et non-miscible pour decrire le deplacement du coulis dans le mieux poreux), enfin la modelisation par elements finis nous a aide a trouver le profile des courbes de pression dans les cas non accessibles analytiquement comme pour les sols compressibles.
38
Palma, Nuno Pedro G. "Harbingers of modernity : monetary injections and European economic growth, 1492-1790." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2015. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3283/.
Full textAbstract:
In this dissertation I assess some of the effects for the early modern European economy which resulted from the large-scale discovery and exploitation of precious metals in the New World. I argue that the monetary injections which were a direct result of the increased precious metals availability were an important cause of stimulus for several early modern European economies. The thesis mainly consists of three papers. In the first paper I argue variation in production of precious metals in America can be helpful to identifying the causal effects of money in a macroeconomic setting. Using a panel of six European countries for the period 1531-1790, I find strong reduced-form evidence in favor of non-neutrality of money for changes in real economic activity. The magnitudes are substantial and persist for a long time: an exogenous 10% increase in production of precious metals in America leads to a hump-shaped positive response of real GDP, peaking at an average increase of 1.3% four years later. The evidence suggests this is because prices responded to monetary injections only with considerable lags. The following two chapters are focused on different aspects of the measurement and analysis of the causal effects of the monetary injections for the English economy. In the second paper, I put forward new data on annual coin supply for England over the long run. This is offered not only as a data construction exercise within the specific context of England, but also as a methodological contribution which in principle can be reproduced for some other countries. Finally, in the third paper, I present a historical discussion of the long-term effects of the early modern monetary injections in the context of the English economy. I show the increased availability of precious metals led to liquidity injections which matter for our understanding of the English industrious, industrial, and financial revolutions during early modern period.
39
Alsup, Jeremy S. "Mimicking the Mechanical Behavior of Advancing Disc Degeneration Through Needle Injections." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3569.
Full textAbstract:
Objective - To investigate the effects of injected protease solution on the mechanical advancement of disc degeneration, and to establish test protocol for future pre-clinical validation of spinal arthroplasty devices. The hypothesis that injection of a protease into a cadaveric lumbar disc will mimic advanced degeneration mechanics was the subject of this study. Summary of Background Information - Spinal disc degeneration is a universal condition that progresses in adults due to aging, disease, or injury. Stages of disc degeneration have been categorized in cadaver specimens, with each degeneration level exhibiting characteristic changes in flexibility parameters. Spinal disc tissue can be compromised through introduction of proteolytic enzymes into the collagenous fibers of the annulus fibrosus. Methods - 18 motion segments from 8 human lumbar spines were subjected to flexibility testing. Each specimen was either injected with 0.600 mL of trypsin solution in the annulus fibrosus, 0.600 mL of phosphate-buffed saline, or a fluid-less needle-stick. Motion testing followed with rotations applied in all three major spinal motions. Test sections were transected mid-disc after testing to characterize initial degeneration severity, and acquired motion data was analyzed to show flexibility traits over time. Results - Trypsin, saline, and control injections all caused changes in motion from pre-injection baselines. Saline injections were slightly more effective at mimicking the mechanics of higher grades of degeneration with more fidelity than trypsin injections. All motion parameters were altered by the study treatments, with hysteresis and neutral zone parameters experiencing changes similar to that seen in natural degeneration with greater fidelity. Lateral Bending motion showed the greatest magnitude response to injections, with Flexion-Extension tests showing the smallest change. Discussion - Unexpectedly, fluid-less control injections caused changes to hysteresis and neutral zone parameters, suggesting an alteration to viscoelastic properties due to simple needle puncture. Fluid injections (Trypsin and Saline) caused an immediate transient post-injection change to biomechanics that dissipated over time, except in Axial Rotation. Saline injections provided the highest fidelity in mimicking the motion of more advanced stages of degeneration.
40
Poucheret, François. "Injections électromagnétiques : développement d’outils et méthodes pour la réalisation d’attaques matérielles." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20255/document.
Full textAbstract:
Les attaques en fautes consistent à perturber le fonctionnement d'un circuit intégré afin d'accéder à des informations confidentielles. Ce type d'attaque est critique pour la sécurité d'une application, en raison de la vaste gamme d'effets possibles : saut d'instructions, modifications de valeurs de registres … Les moyens mis en œuvre pour corrompre le fonctionnement d'un dispositif électronique sont divers et variés. Un circuit peut ainsi être utilisé en dehors de ses limites opérationnelles (en T°, V ou fréquence d'horloge), être soumis à de brusques variations de tension ou voir son signal d'horloge altéré. Ces attaques restent néanmoins globales, car elles perturbent le circuit dans son intégralité. De fait, elles sont facilement détectables par les nombreuses contremesures et capteurs intégrés de nos jours dans les circuits sécurisés. Des techniques plus élaborées ont ainsi vu le jour, notamment attaques dites LASER. Elles permettent de cibler une zone définie du circuit avec un effet très local, diminuant les risques d'être détectées par les capteurs ainsi que l'apparition de dysfonctionnements complets du système. Toutefois, ces attaques nécessitent une préparation physico-chimique du circuit, à la fois coûteuse et potentiellement destructrice pour l'échantillon ciblé. En raison de leur propriété de pénétration dans les matériaux, les injections électromagnétiques (Electromagnetic Injections) permettent, en théorie, de s'affranchir de toute étape de préparation. Leur capacité à transmettre de l'énergie sans contact direct, ainsi que la possibilité de les produire en possédant un matériel peu onéreux en font une technique de perturbation à fort potentiel. C'est dans ce contexte que cette thèse, intitulée « Injections électromagnétiques : développement d'outils et méthodes pour la réalisation d'attaques matérielles. » a été menée avec comme principaux objectifs la recherche de moyens de perturbation sans contact ne nécessitant pas d'étapes de préparation des échantillons, et produisant des effets localisés. Plus particulièrement, ces travaux de recherche ont donc d'abord été axés sur la réalisation d'une plateforme d'attaques basées sur la génération d'ondes EM harmoniques, en se focalisant sur les éléments clés que sont les sondes d'injection. Diverses expérimentations sur circuits intégrés en technologie récente, notamment sur une structure de générateur d‘horloge interne, ont permis de valider son efficacité. Enfin, des attaques sur générateurs de nombres aléatoires ont également été réalisées et ont démontré la possibilité de réduire l'aléa produit en sortie, en utilisant soit le phénomène de ‘locking' ou de manière plus surprenante, en provocant des fautes lors de l'échantillonnage des données par les éléments mémoiresAttacks based on fault injection consist in disturbing a cryptographic computation in order to extract critical information on the manipulated data. Fault attacks constitute a serious threat against applications, due to the expected effects: bypassing control and protection, granting access to some restricted operations… Nevertheless, almost of classical ways (T°,V,F) and optical attacks are limited on the newest integrated circuits, which embed several countermeasures as active shield, glitch detectors, sensors… In this context, potentials of Electromagnetic active attacks must undoubtedly be taken into account, because of their benefits (penetrating characteristics, contactless energy transmission, low cost power production…). In this work, EM active attacks based on continuous mode are presented, with a particular attention to the development and optimization of injection probes, with a complete characterization of EM fields provided by each probe at the IC surface. Finally, some experiments are realized on internal clock generator or on true random numbers generators, then evaluated to prove the efficiency of these techniques. Keywords. Hardware Attacks, Faults Attacks, EM induced faults, CMOS Integrated Circuits
41
Smith, Lisa K. "Professional boundaries: Sharp objects and other injections of memoir and comedy." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/98527/3/Lisa_Smith_Exegesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This research and the theatrical performance, THE PERFORMING NURSE, represent the two vocations of the researcher- the artist and the nurse. It addresses the question: How can the Nurse Artist emerge to express the self, and to gain a voice for nurses in a system that often demands compliance and silence?
The research contributes to the field of Performing Medicine and points to potential applications within drama and theatre, the arts health sector and the nursing community that increase self- esteem and general well- being, thereby helping to create healthy and fulfilling workplaces.
42
Trinh, Xuan Thao. "Etude de l'influence de l'injection sur l'aérothermique de jets en impact." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ESMA0016/document.
Full textAbstract:
Dans le cadre des jets en impact, les géométries d'injecteur ont une influence importante sur les transferts de chaleur, en affectant le profil de vitesse du jet, ce qui peut modifier le comportement des structures tourbillonnaires. De plus, même si le nombre de Reynolds d'injection est le critère principal d'influence d'un jet, la taille de l'injection peut jouer sur les transferts au travers d'effets de compressibilité. Nos travaux ont donc porté sur l'étude expérimentale aérodynamique et thermique de l'impact de jets d'air.Vélocimétrie par images de particules (PIV) a été utilisée pour des mesures de vitesse.Pour des mesures thermiques, une méthode basée sur l'emploi simultané d'un film chauffant et de la thermographie infrarouge a été utilisée. Les résultats aérodynamiques sont utilisés pour expliquer les phénomènes thermiques observés. La première partie a permis d'étudier et de comparer six différentes géométries d'injecteur : injection ronde, en «croix» et en « pétales », perforées sur une surface plate et hémisphérique avec une même section de passage libre. Les résultats montrent que la surface hémisphérique amène à de meilleurs transferts de chaleur que la surface plate mais l'effet diminue progressivement avec l'augmentation de la distance d'impact. L'injection ronde sur hémisphère apporte le meilleur transfert de chaleur par rapport aux autres injections. La deuxième partie a permis d'examiner l'effet de la compressibilité des jets d'air en impact (pour des nombres de Mach allant jusqu'à 0.9). Les résultats montrent que l'effet de la compressibilité sur le nombre de Nusselt se limite à la région d'impact.ABSTRACTIn the context of an impinging jet, nozzle geometry markedly impacts heat transfer between jet and plate by affecting the velocity profile at the jet exit and thereby potentially modifying the behavior of the jet's vortex structures. Moreover, even if Reynolds number is the main influence criterion of a jet, the injection diameter can play on heat transfer through compressibility effects. Our work bas therefore focused on aerodynamic and thermal experimental study of impinging air jets. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used for velocity measurements. For thermal measurements, a method based on the simultaneous use of a heating film and the infrared thermography was used. Aerodynamic results are used to explain the observed thermal phenomena. The first part allowed us to study and compare six different injection geometries : round orifice, cross-shaped orifice and daisy orifice, perforated on fiat and hemispherical surface with the same free area. The results show that the hemispherical surface leads to better heat transfer than the flat surface, but the effect decreases progressively with jet-to-plate distance increasing.The round injection on hemisphere brings the best heat transfer in comparison with the other injections. The second part allowed us to examine the compressibility effect of impinging air jets (for Mach numbers up to 0.9). The results show that the effect of the compressibility on Nusselt number is limited to the stagnation region
43
Žukas, Mantas. "Interaktyvios saugos sistemos prototipas apsaugai nuo injekcinių atakų." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20131105_103242-40797.
Full textAbstract:
Darbas apie apsisaugojimo metodiką nuo injekcinių atakų naudojant Bekaus ir Nauro formą. Pasirinkta įvesties patikros strategija (blacklist), realizuotas reguliarių išraiškų transformacijos algoritmas. Sukurtas pradinis injekcinių atakų aprašas. Transformuojant aprašo sematiką į reguliarių išraiškų masyvus yra suformuojamos tikrinimo taisyklės. Pagal suformuotas taisyklės yra nustatoma, ar sistemos įvesties parametrai atitinka injekcinių atakų aprašą. Sukurtas saugos sistemos prototipas apsaugai nuo injekcinių atakų.In this research the injection attack prevention method is introduced. Also the interactive security system prototype to protect against injections attacks is proposed. Security system prototype is using blacklist input validation strategy for checking input parameters. Each list item consists of a single type of injection attack description. Descriptions are written in Backus–Naur form.
44
Chuc, Alan, and Regina Miller. "A 12-Month Retrospective Analysis of Three Long-Acting Antipsychotic Injections in Patients with Schizophrenia: Comparison of Medication Adherence with Psychiatric Hospitalization Rates, Cost of Services, and Concomitant Medications." The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624325.
Full text
45
Beier, Anne Mette. "Chitosan microparticles as a drug delivery system for protein vaccines /." [Cph.] : Pharmexa A/S : Department of Pharmaceutics, The Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, 2002. http://www.dfh.dk/phd/defences/annemettebeier.htm.
Full text
46
Scott, Anna Basich. "Initiation of intravenous heroin use : symbolic meaning of the first time /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7232.
Full text
47
Rocca, Valérie. "Les microémulsions injectables." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P149.
Full text
48
Gorgoraptis, Eleftherios. "Simulation numérique directe pour la modélisation de la combustion Diesel dans des configurations d’injections multiples." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC111/document.
Full textAbstract:
Le moteur à allumage par compression est incontestablement une des solutions pour réduire les émissions de CO2. L’utilisation de forts rapports de compression permet d’atteindre des rendements plus élevés que les moteurs à allumage commandé. Cependant, cette motorisation possède un certain nombre de défauts liés à l’inflammation du carburant et au contrôle du dégagement de chaleur. Ainsi, lorsque le moteur à allumage par compression est associé à un carburant Diesel et utilisant les systèmes d’injection traditionnels, les niveaux des émissions polluantes et du bruit de combustion peuvent devenir critiques. Une solution consiste à décomposer l’injection du carburant en plusieurs pulses (injections multiples) afin d’obtenir un contrôle optimal de la stratification du mélange air-carburant et du taux de dégagement de chaleur. Cette approche, rendue possible par le rail haute pression, est en train de devenir la règle dans les moteurs Diesel. Devant la complexité des phénomènes physico-chimiques rencontrés lors de de la combustion Diesel avec des injections multiples, la modélisation de celle-ci par des outils industriels telle que la modélisation 3D RANS (résolution des équations moyennes) reste un challenge. L’amélioration des modèles est donc essentielle afin de prédire le dégagement de chaleur et les émissions polluantes. Etant donné le manque de résultats expérimentaux précis, suffisamment détaillés et complets, l’amélioration substantielle des modèles reste problématique. La simulation numérique directe (DNS) est donc un outil permettant de générer des résultats détaillés et ainsi de développer et évaluer des modèles pour la simulation RANS. Dans cette thèse, différents modèles de combustion reposant sur une approche tabulée de la chimie ont été évalués afin de dégager leurs voies d’amélioration dans des configurations d’injections multiples, en ayant recours à des DNS de configurations représentatives d’injections multiples. Une base de données DNS représentative du problème a été construite, analysée et a servi ensuite de support à l’analyse approfondie des modèles étudiés. A la suite de cette analyse, certaines hypothèses sous-jacentes aux modèles ont été revisitéesCompression-ignition engines are widelyused, mainly due to their high thermal efficiency andconsequent low CO2 emissions compared to sparkignitionengines. However, this technology has somedisadvantages related to the limited control over autoignitionof the air-fuel mixtures and heat release rate.Hence, in compression-ignition engines at their mostbasic form, the level of combustion noise and emissionsof nitrogen oxides and particulate matter canbecome critical. An effective strategy to tackle theseproblems is to decompose fuel injection into multipleinjection pulses permitting an optimal control of theair-fuel mixture formation and, thus, of the autoignitiondelay and the heat release rate. Multiple injectionstrategies become more and more popular dueto their advantages over conventional single injectioncycles. The physical phenomena involved in suchconfigurations, however, are complex and their modellingremains challenging, especially in the context ofindustrial 3D simulation using the Reynolds-averagedNavier-Stokes (RANS) formalism. The progress ofcompression-ignition applications depends to a greatextent on the capacity of the physical models to predictheat release rate and pollutant emissions. Thelack ofa experimental results at the scale of interestorientated this study towards the use of Direct NumericalSimulation (DNS) providing a model-free insightinto the interaction between turbulent mixing and combustionchemistry. In the framework of this Ph.D. thesis,a DNS database was generated and analysed,covering a range of single and split Diesel injectionrelevantconditions. Then, different turbulent combustionmodels based on tabulated chemistry were evaluatedby comparison with the DNS results. Followingthis analysis, a new modelling approach adapted tomultiple injection configurations was elaborated. Finally,a strategy for the application of the new modellingapproach in 3D RANS was proposed for prospectivemulti-injection compression-ignition engine simulationswith an improved accuracy
49
Lodén, Henrik. "Separation of Pharmaceuticals by Capillary Electrophoresis using Partial Filling and Multiple-injections." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för analytisk farmaceutisk kemi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8841.
Full textAbstract:
Different multiple-injection methodologies and the partial filling technique (PFT) have been utilized for separation of pharmaceuticals by capillary elec-trophoresis. In multiple-injection capillary zone electrophoresis (MICZE), the samples and all standards, used for construction of the calibration curve, are analyzed within a single run. Four different modes of MICZE have been described by means of equations, which were experimentally verified. The developed equations facilitate the transfer from conventional single-injection CZE to one or more of these MICZE-modes, depending on the selectivity between the analyte and the injection marker. The applicability of two of these modes was then demonstrated by quantification of buserelin and salbutamol, re-spectively in commercially available pharmaceutical products. The content of buserelin in an injection solution was determined to 0.94 mg/ml, which only deviated slightly from the declared concentration (1 mg/ml). An alter-native mode of MICZE, offering a higher number of sequential sample injec-tions, was then utilized for single-run determination of salbutamol in 15 tab-lets, with a labelled content of 8 mg. The average content of the tablets was determined to 7.8 mg, with an intra-tablet variation of 3 % or less. Moreover, UV- and mass-spectrometric detection of enantiomeric amines, resolved by non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE), was demon-strated. Separation of enantiomeric amines was achieved using the chiral selector (-)-2,3:4,6-di-O-isopropylidene-2-keto-L-gulonic acid, (-)-DIKGA. Introduction of the non-volatile (-)-DIKGA into the mass-spectrometer was avoided by using the PFT, where the capillary is only partially filled with electrolyte containing the chiral selector.
50
Pan, Li. "Central injections of prostaglandin activate the hypothalamus and suppress splenic cytokine production." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq23448.pdf.
Full text