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Journal articles on the topic 'Injection locking'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 March 2023

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1

Chih-Hao Chang, L. Chrostowski, and C. J. Chang-Hasnain. "Injection locking of VCSELs." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 9, no. 5 (September 2003): 1386–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstqe.2003.819510.

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2

Bartuccelli, Michele V., Jonathan H. B. Deane, and Guido Gentile. "Frequency locking in an injection-locked frequency divider equation." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 465, no. 2101 (October 14, 2008): 283–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2008.0307.

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We consider a model for a resonant injection-locked frequency divider, and study analytically the locking onto rational multiples of the driving frequency. We provide explicit formulae for the width of the plateaux appearing in the devil's staircase structure of the lockings, and in particular show that the largest plateaux correspond to even integer values for the ratio of the frequency of the driving signal to the frequency of the output signal. Our results prove the experimental and numerical results available in the literature.

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3

REDDY, A. R., and S. K. LAHIRI. "SAW injection locking oscillator using built-in injector." International Journal of Electronics 62, no. 2 (February 1987): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207218708920974.

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4

Zhang, Zihao, Yongjie Zhou, Shimiao Lai, Ge Wang, Huacheng Zhu, and Yang Yang. "Influence of Power Supply Ripple on Injection Locking of Magnetron with Frequency Pushing Effect." Processes 10, no. 10 (October 19, 2022): 2124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10102124.

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The influence of anode voltage ripple on injection locking of a magnetron with frequency pushing effect has been studied systematically. Theoretical analysis shows that, when power supply ripple and injection ratio are constant, frequency pushing effect will increase the magnetron’s locking bandwidth. Meanwhile, the locking bandwidth decreases with the increase of power supply ripple. Thus, to achieve injection locking, both power supply ripple and frequency pushing effect must be considered. The experiment results show that at injection ratio μ of 0.003, frequency pushing effect at 0.5, and power supply ripple increases from 0% to 1% and 2.5%, the locking bandwidth of magnetron decreases by 0.32 MHz, 2.12 MHz. With the amplitude of ripple increasing, the spectrum after injection locking deteriorates, and output amplitude reduces, which verifies the theoretical analysis. Considering anode voltage ripple and frequency pushing effect, the research results contribute to the realization of high-quality output of injection locked magnetrons.

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5

Geng, Jihong, Yanqing Wu, Guiyan Zhang, Xiudong Song, and Fucheng Lin. "Injection locking of a self‐mode locking CuBr laser." Applied Physics Letters 64, no. 6 (February 7, 1994): 692–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111036.

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6

Hadley, G. "Injection locking of diode lasers." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 22, no. 3 (March 1986): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jqe.1986.1072979.

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7

Balachandran, R. M., A. E. Perkins, and N. M. Lawandy. "Injection locking of photonic paint." Optics Letters 21, no. 9 (May 1, 1996): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.21.000650.

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8

Yang, Weijian, Peng Guo, Devang Parekh, and Connie J. Chang-Hasnain. "Reflection-mode optical injection locking." Optics Express 18, no. 20 (September 17, 2010): 20887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.18.020887.

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9

Wollitzer, M., J. Buechler, and E. Biebl. "Subharmonic injection locking slot oscillators." Electronics Letters 29, no. 22 (1993): 1958. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19931303.

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10

Cheong, Chee, Joseph Leong, and Zhongxiang Shen. "Subharmonic injection-locking balanced oscillator." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 41, no. 4 (2004): 306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.20124.

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11

Lakshmi Bhai, Gopika, Hiroto Mukai, and Jaw-Shen Tsai. "Mitigation of noise in Josephson parametric oscillator by injection locking." Applied Physics Letters 122, no. 5 (January 30, 2023): 054002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0134702.

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Injection locking is a well-established technique widely used in optics as well as solid-state devices for efficient suppression of noise. We present the spectroscopic characterization of the effect of the injection-locking signal (ILS) in mitigating the phase noise of a Josephson parametric oscillator, whose output oscillating phase undergoes indeterministic switching between the bistable states with symmetry [Formula: see text]. With the injection of a weak locking signal, we measure the phase noise power spectral density of the self-sustained oscillator output state for different locking signal strengths. We observed suppression of phase noise by injection locking. As the ILS strength surpasses more than a few photons, the output state stays completely pinned to the locking phase of the ILS, and the random telegraphic noise due to switching of the states is significantly suppressed.

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12

Iida, Yukio, Takeshi Miyajima, and Masanobu Morita. "Locking Characteristics of Intermodal Injection locking for a Semiconductor Laser." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part II: Electronics) 76, no. 4 (1993): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecjb.4420760403.

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13

Hao, Yuan, Li Cai Wang, Qing Lei Du, and Fei Cheng Wang. "Theory and Experiments of Injection-Locked Oscillator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 2522–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.2522.

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Injection-locking technique is receiving increasing interest in industrial applications, which is especially suitable for smart antenna array, but relative experiments are complicated. The article focuses on the theory and experiment of the technique. Firstly, section 2 reviews the theory of injection-locking technique, and summarizes two useful conclusions on injection-locking bandwidth and phase difference adjusting bound of the phenomena. Secondly, section 3 describes experiments using commercial microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), which is reduces the experimental conditions. Experiments results perform very well.

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14

Liang Zhou, Liang Zhou, Kailiang Duan Kailiang Duan, and Wei Zhao Wei Zhao. "Theoretic analysis on mutual injection phase-locking fiber laser array." Chinese Optics Letters 9, s1 (2011): s10305–310304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201109.s10305.

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15

Perrott, Alison, Ludovic Caro, Mohamad Dernaika, and Frank Peters. "A Comparison between off and On-Chip Injection Locking in a Photonic Integrated Circuit." Photonics 6, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics6040103.

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The mutual and injection locking characteristics of two integrated lasers are compared, both on and off-chip. In this study, two integrated single facet slotted Fabry–Pérot lasers are utilised to develop the measurement technique used to examine the different operational regimes arising from optically locking a semiconductor diode laser. The technique employed used an optical spectrum analyser (OSA), an electrical spectrum analyser (ESA) and a high speed oscilloscope (HSO). The wavelengths of the lasers are measured on the OSA and the selected optical mode for locking is identified. The region of injection locking and various other regions of dynamical behaviour between the lasers are observed on the ESA. The time trace information of the system is obtained from the HSO and performing the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) of the time traces returns the power spectra. Using these tools, the similarities and differences between off-chip injection locking with an isolator, and on-chip mutual locking are examined.

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16

Shortiss, Kevin, Maryam Shayesteh, William Cotter, Alison Perrott, Mohamad Dernaika, and Frank Peters. "Mode Suppression in Injection Locked Multi-Mode and Single-Mode Lasers for Optical Demultiplexing." Photonics 6, no. 1 (March 8, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics6010027.

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Optical injection locking has been demonstrated as an effective filter for optical communications. These optical filters have advantages over conventional passive filters, as they can be used on active material, allowing them to be monolithically integrated onto an optical circuit. We present an experimental and theoretical study of the optical suppression in injection locked Fabry–Pérot and slotted Fabry–Pérot lasers. We consider both single frequency and optical comb injection. Our model is then used to demonstrate that improving the Q factor of devices increases the suppression obtained when injecting optical combs. We show that increasing the Q factor while fixing the device pump rate relative to threshold causes the locking range of these demultiplexers to asymptotically approach a constant value.

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17

Mishra, Amit Kumar, Sankaran Aniruddhan, and Sudip Shekhar. "Injection Locking in Switching Power Amplifiers." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 167555–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3023098.

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18

Jahanpanah, J., and R. Loudon. "Theory of laser-amplifier injection locking." Physical Review A 54, no. 6 (December 1, 1996): 5210–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.54.5210.

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19

Nikitin, Alexander P., and Nigel G. Stocks. "Injection locking in self-oscillating magnetometers." IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine 23, no. 1 (February 2020): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mim.2020.8979518.

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20

Gordon, R. "Fabry–Perot Semiconductor Laser Injection Locking." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 42, no. 4 (April 2006): 353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jqe.2006.870227.

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21

Ponton, Mabel, and Almudena Suarez. "Wireless Injection Locking of Oscillator Circuits." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 64, no. 12 (December 2016): 4646–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2016.2623622.

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22

Biswas, B. N., D. Mondal, P. Pal, and P. Lahiri. "Injection Locking Technique of Chirp Measurement." IETE Technical Review 9, no. 4 (July 1992): 309–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02564602.1992.11438902.

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23

Cefalas, A. C., and T. A. King. "Injection locking of ArF excimer lasers." Applied Physics B Photophysics and Laser Chemistry 37, no. 3 (July 1985): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00692079.

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24

Hao, Yuan, Li Cai Wang, Qing Lei Du, and Dan Chen. "Phased Array Based on Injection-Locking Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 3060–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.3060.

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The paper studies a beamforming technology based on injection-locking technique, which is suitable for phased array. In the second section, the article designs a novel beamformer based on injection-locking, which can realize arbitrary phase weighting vector without phase shifters. The third section, the feasibility of the technique is verified by experiments.

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25

Ma, Weichao, Bing Xiong, Changzheng Sun, Xu Ke, Jian Wang, Zhibiao Hao, Lai Wang, et al. "Linewidth Narrowing of Mutually Injection Locked Semiconductor Lasers with Short and Long Delay." Applied Sciences 9, no. 7 (April 5, 2019): 1436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9071436.

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A simple and effective approach to semiconductor laser linewidth narrowing via mutual injection locking is proposed and demonstrated in both short and long delay regimes. A theoretical analysis is presented to investigate the linewidth behavior of semiconductor lasers under mutual injection locking. Experimental demonstrations in short and long delay regimes are implemented by integrated devices and a fiber link system, respectively. Locking condition and dependence of laser linewidth on coupling parameters in both regimes are studied, confirming mutual injection locking as a practical method for linewidth narrowing. For the short-delayed integrated lasers, a linewidth narrowing factor of 13 is demonstrated and sub-MHz linewidth is achieved, while for the long-delayed lasers coupled by fiber link, the intrinsic linewidth is reduced to sub-100 Hz.

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26

Kühn, M. R., and E. M. Biebl. "First harmonic injection locking of 24-GHz-oscillators." Advances in Radio Science 1 (May 5, 2003): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-1-197-2003.

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Abstract. An increasing number of applications is proposed for the 24 GHz ISM-band, like automotive radar systems and short-range communication links. These applications demand for oscillators providing moderate output power of a few mW and moderate frequency stability of about 0.5%. The maximum oscillation frequency of low-cost off-theshelf transistors is too low for stable operation of a fundamental 24GHz oscillator. Thus, we designed a 24 GHz first harmonic oscillator, where the power generated at the fundamental frequency (12 GHz) is reflected resulting in effective generation of output power at the first harmonic. We measured a radiated power from an integrated planar antenna of more than 1mW. Though this oscillator provides superior frequency stability compared to fundamental oscillators, for some applications additional stabilization is required. As a low-cost measure, injection locking can be used to phase lock oscillators that provide sufficient stability in free running mode. Due to our harmonic oscillator concept injection locking has to be achieved at the first harmonic, since only the antenna is accessible for signal injection. We designed, fabricated and characterized a harmonic oscillator using the antenna as a port for injection locking. The locking range was measured versus various parameters. In addition, phase-noise improvement was investigated. A theoretical approach for the mechanism of first harmonic injection locking is presented.

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27

Buonomo, Antonio, and Alessandro Lo Schiavo. "Investigation on Locking and Pulling Modes in Analog Frequency Dividers." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/246742.

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We compare the main analytical results available to estimate the locking range, which is the key figure-of-merit ofLCfrequency dividers based on the injection locking phenomenon. Starting from the classical result by Adler concerning injection-locked oscillators, we elucidate the merits and the shortcomings of the different approaches to study injection-locked frequency dividers, with particular emphasis on divider-by-2. In particular, we show the potential of a perturbation approach which enables a more complete analysis of frequency dividers, making it possible to calculate not only the amplitude and the phase of the locked oscillation, but also the region where it exists and is stable, which defines the locking region. Finally, we analyze the dynamical behaviour of the dividers in the vicinity of the boundary of the locking region, showing that there exists a border region where the occurrence of the locking or the pulling operation mode is possible, depending on the initial conditions of the system.

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28

Lee, Sang-yeop, Hiroyuki Ito, Shuhei Amakawa, Noboru Ishihara, and Kazuya Masu. "An Inductorless Cascaded Phase-Locked Loop with Pulse Injection Locking Technique in 90 nm CMOS." International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology 2013 (March 4, 2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/584341.

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An inductorless phase-locked loop with subharmonic pulse injection locking was realized (PLL area: 0.11 mm2) by adopting 90 nm Si CMOS technology. The proposed circuit is configured with two cascaded PLLs; one of them is a reference PLL that generates reference signals to the other one from low-frequency external reference signals. The other is a main PLL that generates high-frequency output signals. A high-frequency half-integral subharmonic locking technique was used to decrease the phase noise characteristics. For a 50 MHz input reference signal, without injection locking, the 1 MHz offset phase noise was −88 dBc/Hz at a PLL output frequency of 7.2 GHz (= 144 × 50 MHz); with injection locking, the noise was −101 dBc/Hz (spur level: −31 dBc; power consumption from a 1.0 V power supply: 25 mW).

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29

Cassard, P., and J. M. Lourtioz. "Injection locking of high-power pulsed lasers. I. Monochromatic injection." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 24, no. 11 (1988): 2321–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3.8576.

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30

Oh, Kwang-Il, Goo-Han Ko, Gwang-Sub Kim, Jeong-Geun Kim, and Donghyun Baek. "A 17.8–34.8 GHz (64.6%) Locking Range Current-Reuse Injection-Locked Frequency Multiplier with Dual Injection Technique." Electronics 10, no. 9 (May 10, 2021): 1122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10091122.

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A 17.8–34.8 GHz (64.6%) locking range current-reuse injection-locked frequency multiplier (CR-ILFM) with dual injection technique is presented in this paper. A dual injection technique is applied to generate differential signal and increase the power of the second-order harmonic component. The CR core is proposed to reduce the power consumption and compatibility with NMOS and PMOS injectors. The inductor-capacitor (LC) tank of the proposed CR-ILFM is designed with a fourth-order resonator using a transformer with distributed inductor to extend the locking range. The self-oscillated frequency of the proposed CR-ILFM is 23.82 GHz. The output frequency locking range is 17.8–34.8 GHz (64.6%) at a 0-dBm injection power without any additional control including supply voltage, varactor, and capacitor bank. The power consumption of the proposed CR-ILFM is 7.48 mW from a 1-V supply voltage and the die size is 0.75 mm × 0.45 mm. The CR-ILFM is implemented in a 65-nm CMOS technology.

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31

Wang, Ju, Ting Jia, Shuaishuai Wang, Tianyu Li, Chuang Ma, Tianyuan Xie, Yang Yu, and Jinlong Yu. "Wavelength synchronization technology for UDWDM-PON transmitter based on injection locking." Chinese Optics Letters 19, no. 1 (2021): 010602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col202119.010602.

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32

Snadden, Michael J., Roger B. M. Clarke, and Erling Riis. "Injection-locking technique for heterodyne optical phase locking of a diode laser." Optics Letters 22, no. 12 (June 15, 1997): 892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.22.000892.

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33

Khan, Md Rezaul Hoque, and Md Ashraful Hoque. "Optical Sideband Injection Locking Using Waveguide Based External Cavity Semiconductor Lasers for Narrow-Line, Tunable Microwave Generation." Photonics 6, no. 3 (July 20, 2019): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics6030081.

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The generation by optical injection locking of spectrally unadulterated microwave signals using waveguide based external cavity semiconductor lasers (WECSL) is demonstrated. A tunable frequency of 2–11 GHz, limited by the modulator’s bandwidth and the photodetector (PD), was created as proof-of-experiment by the injection locking of the two WESCLs. A single sideband (SSB) phase noise of −75 dBc/Hz from the generated carrier at 10 kHz offset and a phase noise variance at an optimum injection ratio region was 0.03 rad2, corresponding to 1.7°, were observed. The main feature of this approach is the consolidation of the upsides of microwave generation at low phase noise with a broad tuning range and the capacity of hybrid photonic integration. In addition, the injection locking characteristics were used to determine the Q factor of the complicated optical cavities with unknown inner losses.

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34

Yue Song, Zhang Zhao-Chuan, and Gao Dong-Ping. "Injection-locking of magnetrons with matched impedance." Acta Physica Sinica 62, no. 17 (2013): 178401. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.62.178401.

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35

Goel, A., and H. Hashemi. "Injection Locking in Concurrent Dual-Frequency Oscillators." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 56, no. 8 (August 2008): 1834–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2008.926547.

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36

Troger, J., P. A. Nicati, L. Thevenaz, and P. A. Robert. "Novel measurement scheme for injection-locking experiments." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 35, no. 1 (1999): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3.737616.

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37

Hui, R., A. D'Ottavi, A. Mecozzi, and P. Spano. "Injection locking in distributed feedback semiconductor lasers." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 27, no. 6 (June 1991): 1688–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3.89994.

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38

Longhi, Stefano. "Nonlinear travelling pulses in laser injection locking." Quantum and Semiclassical Optics: Journal of the European Optical Society Part B 10, no. 4 (August 1998): 617–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1355-5111/10/4/005.

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39

Luo, Jhy-Ming, Marek Osiński, John G. Mclnerney, and Marek Osiński. "Side-mode injection locking of semiconductor lasers." IEE Proceedings J Optoelectronics 136, no. 1 (1989): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-j.1989.0008.

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40

Cao, Chong Long, Yan Zhou, Lijun Jiang, and Philip W. T. Pong. "Injection Locking of Spin-Torque Nano-Oscillators." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 50, no. 7 (July 2014): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2013.2295411.

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41

Ariga, Tatsuya, and Kazuaki Hotta. "Line Narrowing and Injection Locking of F2Lasers." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 43, no. 8A (August 10, 2004): 5279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.43.5279.

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42

Bouyer, P., T. L. Gustavson, K. G. Haritos, and M. A. Kasevich. "Microwave signal generation with optical injection locking." Optics Letters 21, no. 18 (September 15, 1996): 1502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.21.001502.

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43

Poole, C. R. "Subharmonic injection locking phenomena in synchronous oscillators." Electronics Letters 26, no. 21 (1990): 1748. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19901123.

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44

Elmala, Mostafa A. I., and Heba A. Shawkey. "Injection locking phase rotator for Outphasing transmitter." Microelectronics Journal 46, no. 6 (June 2015): 447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2015.03.006.

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45

Liu, Zhixin, and Radan Slavik. "Optical Injection Locking: From Principle to Applications." Journal of Lightwave Technology 38, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2019.2945718.

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46

Lariontsev, E. G., I. Zolotoverkh, P. Besnard, and G. M. Stéphan. "Injection locking properties of a microchip laser." European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 5, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100530050235.

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47

Amir, Avner, R. James Hu, Fritz Kielmann, Jerome Mertz, and Luis R. Elias. "Injection locking experiment at the UCSB FEL." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 272, no. 1-2 (October 1988): 174–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(88)90218-5.

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48

Savchenkov, Anatoliy, Skip Williams, and Andrey Matsko. "On Stiffness of Optical Self-Injection Locking." Photonics 5, no. 4 (October 30, 2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics5040043.

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Spectrally pure semiconductor lasers produced via self-injection locking to high quality factor monolithic optical resonators demonstrate sub-kHz instantaneous linewidth. The lasers are used in photonic sensor systems and microwave photonic oscillators benefitting from the improved spectral purity, the stability and the reduced environmental sensitivity of the lasers. The laser frequency stability is defined by both the optical resonator and the optical path of the entire system comprising the laser, the resonator, and the miscellaneous optical components. The impacts of the various destabilization factors are usually convoluted, and it is hardly possible to separate them. In this paper, we report on an experimental study of an influence of the variations of the optical path on the laser frequency stability. We have created a whispering gallery mode optical resonator having the record small thermal sensitivity, on the order of 0.1 ppm/ ∘ C, and demonstrated a self-injection locked laser based on this resonator. The measured laser stability is characterized with 1 s Allan deviation of 10 − 12 , limited by the thermal sensitivity of the optical path between the laser and the resonator. The thermal stabilization on the order of 10 μ K at 1 s is achieved using a standard thermo-electric element. The long term drift of the laser frequency is determined by both the fluctuations of the atmospheric pressure in the laboratory impacting the monolithic resonator and by the optical path instability.

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49

Seeds, A. J., and J. R. Forrest. "Optical Injection Locking of BARITT Oscillators (Comments)." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 33, no. 4 (April 1985): 343–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.1985.1133089.

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50

Burmistrov, V. V., A. F. Glova, V. V. Dylev, and F. V. Lebedev. "High-power waveguide CO2amplifier with injection locking." Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics 21, no. 1 (January 31, 1991): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qe1991v021n01abeh003699.

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