Academic literature on the topic 'Injection locking'

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Journal articles on the topic "Injection locking"

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Chih-Hao Chang, L. Chrostowski, and C. J. Chang-Hasnain. "Injection locking of VCSELs." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 9, no. 5 (September 2003): 1386–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstqe.2003.819510.

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Bartuccelli, Michele V., Jonathan H. B. Deane, and Guido Gentile. "Frequency locking in an injection-locked frequency divider equation." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 465, no. 2101 (October 14, 2008): 283–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2008.0307.

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We consider a model for a resonant injection-locked frequency divider, and study analytically the locking onto rational multiples of the driving frequency. We provide explicit formulae for the width of the plateaux appearing in the devil's staircase structure of the lockings, and in particular show that the largest plateaux correspond to even integer values for the ratio of the frequency of the driving signal to the frequency of the output signal. Our results prove the experimental and numerical results available in the literature.
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REDDY, A. R., and S. K. LAHIRI. "SAW injection locking oscillator using built-in injector." International Journal of Electronics 62, no. 2 (February 1987): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207218708920974.

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Zhang, Zihao, Yongjie Zhou, Shimiao Lai, Ge Wang, Huacheng Zhu, and Yang Yang. "Influence of Power Supply Ripple on Injection Locking of Magnetron with Frequency Pushing Effect." Processes 10, no. 10 (October 19, 2022): 2124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10102124.

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The influence of anode voltage ripple on injection locking of a magnetron with frequency pushing effect has been studied systematically. Theoretical analysis shows that, when power supply ripple and injection ratio are constant, frequency pushing effect will increase the magnetron’s locking bandwidth. Meanwhile, the locking bandwidth decreases with the increase of power supply ripple. Thus, to achieve injection locking, both power supply ripple and frequency pushing effect must be considered. The experiment results show that at injection ratio μ of 0.003, frequency pushing effect at 0.5, and power supply ripple increases from 0% to 1% and 2.5%, the locking bandwidth of magnetron decreases by 0.32 MHz, 2.12 MHz. With the amplitude of ripple increasing, the spectrum after injection locking deteriorates, and output amplitude reduces, which verifies the theoretical analysis. Considering anode voltage ripple and frequency pushing effect, the research results contribute to the realization of high-quality output of injection locked magnetrons.
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Geng, Jihong, Yanqing Wu, Guiyan Zhang, Xiudong Song, and Fucheng Lin. "Injection locking of a self‐mode locking CuBr laser." Applied Physics Letters 64, no. 6 (February 7, 1994): 692–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111036.

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Hadley, G. "Injection locking of diode lasers." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 22, no. 3 (March 1986): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jqe.1986.1072979.

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Balachandran, R. M., A. E. Perkins, and N. M. Lawandy. "Injection locking of photonic paint." Optics Letters 21, no. 9 (May 1, 1996): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.21.000650.

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Yang, Weijian, Peng Guo, Devang Parekh, and Connie J. Chang-Hasnain. "Reflection-mode optical injection locking." Optics Express 18, no. 20 (September 17, 2010): 20887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.18.020887.

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Wollitzer, M., J. Buechler, and E. Biebl. "Subharmonic injection locking slot oscillators." Electronics Letters 29, no. 22 (1993): 1958. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19931303.

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Cheong, Chee, Joseph Leong, and Zhongxiang Shen. "Subharmonic injection-locking balanced oscillator." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 41, no. 4 (2004): 306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.20124.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Injection locking"

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Sener, Goker. "Phase Control By Injection Locking." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12605181/index.pdf.

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Phase control in microwave circuits is an impotant process. Especially, in certain applications such as phase array antennas, it is the main principle of opeation. In antenna arrays, each array element is fed by an individual oscillator. By controlling the phase of each oscillator, the radiation pattern and the RF power can be combined in space in certain directions. For such applications, phase shifters have been utilized extensively. However, their high costs, difficulties in design and efficiency are impotant disadvantages. More recently, another technique, "
Injection Locking"
or "
Phase Locking"
suggests to use a single reference signal injected into each oscilator element. Through this signal, the phase of the individual oscillators can be controlled and set to a desired value. Therefore, power combining in space or known as "
Spaial Power Combining"
is possible by using "
Phase Locking"
of individual oscillator elements. In this thesis, this new phase control technique is examined in theory and in application of a 1GHz oscillator system. A reference signal is injected into a voltage controlled oscillator, and the phase progression is obtained by tuning the oscilator'
s free running frequency.
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Prakasha, Prarthana. "A Study of Injection Locking in Optoelectronic Oscillator." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41147.

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The random fluctuations of signal phase of an oscillator limit the precision of time and frequency measurements. The noise and long-term stability of the system’s oscillator or clock is of major importance in applications such as optical and wireless communications, high-speed digital electronics, radar, and astronomy. The Optoelectronic Oscillator (OE Oscillator), a new class of time delay oscillator with promise as a low-phase noise source of microwave carriers, was introduced by Steve Yao and Lute Malek in 1996. The OE Oscillator combines into a closed loop an RF photonic link and an RF chain. The RF photonic link consists of a laser, electro-optic modulator, optical fibre delay line, and a photo-receiver that together provide an RF delay. An RF chain consists of one or more amplifiers and a RF resonator that together provide the sustaining amplification and the frequency selectivity necessary for single mode oscillation of the loop. The low loss of optical fibres enables the attainment of delays that correspond to optical fibre lengths of several kilometers. It is the long delay, unattainable in an all electronic implementations that is responsible for the superior phase noise performance of an OE Oscillator. In this thesis the fundamental principles of operation of an OE Oscillator are described and the principal sources of in-loop phase fluctuations that are responsible for phase-noise identified. This lays the ground for an exposition of the mechanism that describes the perturbation of a time delay oscillator by injection into the loop of a carrier that is detuned in frequency from the natural frequency of the oscillator. For sufficiently small detuning the oscillator can become phase locked to the injected carrier. The model presented in the thesis generalises the traditional Yao-Maleki and Leeson model to include all the important features that describe the injection locking dynamics of an OE Oscillator. In particular the common assumptions of single mode oscillation and weak injection are removed. This is important to correctly predict the effect of injection locking on the spurious peaks in the phase noise spectrum corresponding to the side-modes of a time delay oscillator. Simulation results are presented in order to validate the dynamics of the oscillator under injection and analytic results on the lock-in range and phase noise spectrum. A 10 GHz OE Oscillator with a single 5km delay line is used as an example in the simulation illustration.
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Liptay, Thomas John 1977. "Cavity filtered injection locking for large angle atomic interferometry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86793.

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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; and, (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 54-55).
by Thomas John Liptay.
M.Eng.
S.B.
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Gatare, Gahangara Ignace. "Polarization switching, locking and synchronization in VCSELs with optical injection." Thesis, Metz, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008METZ004S/document.

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Le laser à cavité verticale émettant par la surface (VCSEL ou Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser) comporte des avantages compétitifs par rapport aux lasers émettant par le côté. Le VCSEL présente souvent deux modes de polarisation linéaire orthogonaux avec des fréquences et des gains optiques presque identiques. Dès lors, de faibles perturbations telles que des modifications du courant d injection ou de la température peuvent induire des basculements de polarisation. Toutefois, en utilisant un schéma d injection optique d un faisceau laser externe, il est possible de contrôler ces instabilités de polarisation. Nous nous intéressons au contrôle du basculement de polarisation, à la bistabilité de polarisation ainsi qu à la compétition des modes transverses d un VCSEL soumis à injection optique de polarisation orthogonale. En variant les paramètres d injection¡(puissance injectée et désaccord en fréquence entre le laser maître et le VCSEL), nous montrons que le basculement de polarisation implique des dynamiques non linéaires telles le mélange d ondes, le cycle limite, la résonance subharmonique ainsi qu une route de doublement de période vers le chaos optique. L analyse des bifurcations sous-jacentes permet de dresser une cartographie des dynamiques de basculement de polarisation du VCSEL. orthogonaux affecte la qualité de la synchronisation du chaos. Ces résultats sont intéressants dans le cadre du développement de liaisons de communication sécurisée par chaos optique. Dans notre thèse, nous étudions également la synchronisation du chaos de VCSELs dans un schéma de couplage unidirectionnel. Nous montrons que la compétition des modes de polarisation linéaire
Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have competitive advantages with respect to conventional edge-emitting lasers such as the fabrication of dense two-dimensional VCSEL arrays for optical interconnects. VCSELs exhibit intriguing polarization properties which are critical in polarization-sensitive applications. Polarization switching (PS) between two VCSEL s preferential orthogonal linearly polarized (LP) modes may be induced by changing the bias current, temperature or, externally, through orthogonally polarized optical injection. Depending on optical injection parameters, i.e., the injected power and the frequency detuning, injection-locking of the VCSEL can be achieved. We contribute to the study of polarization bistability, polarization switching (PS), injection-locking and transverse mode competition in a VCSEL subject to orthogonal continuous-wave optical injection. We experimentally show and theoretically demonstrate that PS and locking may involve rich nonlinear dynamics including wave mixing, limit cycle, subharmonic resonances or a period-doubling route to chaos. In particular, we analyze the interplay between PS and the underlying nonlinear dynamics, and unveil its bifurcation mechanisms. Our study brings a new insight into the physics of polarization dynamics in externally-driven VCSELs. Chaos synchronization of coupled VCSELs is also investigated. A feedback-induced chaotic light from the master VCSEL is unidirectionally injected into the slave VCSEL. We show that the synchronization quality can be significantly enhanced when chaos involves both orthogonal LP modes. This result is interesting for chaos communication schemes based on VCSELs
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Memon, Muhammad Irfan. "Optical injection locking and four-wave mixing in semiconductor ring lasers." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535213.

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Shin, Dongseok. "Frequency Locking Techniques Based on Envelope Detection for Injection-Locked Signal Sources." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86673.

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Signal generation at high frequency has become increasingly important in numerous wireline and wireless applications. In many gigahertz and millimeter-wave frequency ranges, conventional frequency generation techniques have encountered several design challenges in terms of frequency tuning range, phase noise, and power consumption. Recently, injection locking has been a popular technique to solve these design challenges for frequency generation. However, the narrow locking range of the injection locking techniques limits their use. Furthermore, they suffer from significant reference spur issues. This dissertation presents novel frequency generation techniques based on envelope detection for low-phase-noise signal generation using injection-locked frequency multipliers (ILFMs). Several calibration techniques using envelope detection are introduced to solve conventional problems in injection locking. The proposed topologies are demonstrated with 0.13um CMOS technology for the following injection-locked frequency generators. First, a mixed-mode injection-frequency locked loop (IFLL) is presented for calibrating locking range and phase noise of an injection-locked oscillator (ILO). The IFLL autonomously tracks the injection frequency by processing the AM modulated envelope signal bearing a frequency difference between injection frequency and ILO free-running frequency in digital feedback. Second, a quadrature injection-locked frequency tripler using third-harmonic phase shifters is proposed. Two capacitively-degenerated differential pairs are utilized for quadrature injection signals, thereby increasing injection-locking range and reducing phase error. Next, an injection-locked clock multiplier using an envelope-based frequency tracking loop is presented for a low phase noise signal and low reference spur. In the proposed technique, an envelope detector constantly monitors the VCO's output waveform distortion caused by frequency difference between the VCO frequency and reference frequency. Therefore, the proposed techniques can compensate for frequency variation of the VCO due to PVT variations. Finally, this dissertation presents a subharmonically injection-locked PLL (SILPLL), which is cascaded with a quadrature ILO. The proposed SILPLL adopts an envelope-detection based injection-timing calibration for synchronous reference pulse injection into a VCO. With one of the largest frequency division ratios (N=80) reported so far, the SILPLL can achieve low RMS jitter and reference spur.
Ph. D.
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Chi, Taiyun. "Silicon-based terahertz signal generation with multi-phase sub-harmonic injection locking technique." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/55058.

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This thesis presents a multi-phase injection locking (IL) technique and its application in the locking range extension in multi-phase injection locking oscillators (ILOs) for Terahertz (THz) signal generation. The proposed technique can significantly increase the frequency locking range of a multi-phase injection locking oscillator compared to the conventional single-phase injection locking scheme. Based on the multi-phase IL technique and sub-harmonic ILOs, an “active frequency multiplier chain” architecture and a multi-ring system layout topology are also proposed to achieve scalable THz signal generation. As proof of concept, a cascaded 3-stage 3-phase 2nd-order sub-harmonic ILO chain is implemented in the IBM 9HP SiGe BiCMOS process. The design achieves a maximum output power of -16.6dBm at 498GHz, a phase noise of -87dBc/ Hz at 1MHz offset, and a total 5.1% frequency tuning range from 485.1GHz to 510.7GHz, which is the largest frequency tuning range among all the reported silicon-based THz oscillator sources in the 0.5THz band.
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Ferreira, Elnatan Chagas 1955. "Projeto de um demodulador sincrono de frequencia utilizando o fenomeno "injection-locking"." [s.n.], 1990. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/260606.

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Orientador: Alberto Martins Jorge
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-13T23:21:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ferreira_ElnatanChagas_D.pdf: 5502481 bytes, checksum: d297267bf1fbbea4e62d61b7a6b44b76 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1990
Resumo: Este trabalho propõe uma nova técnica de demolulação de freqüência utilizando o fenômeno ¿Injection locking¿, para aplicação em sistemas FI/FM broadcast comercials. É bem conhecido que, os sinal externo, quando condições apropriadas de amplitude e freqüência estão presentes. Este ¿locking¿ é conhecido como ¿Injection locking¿ ou ¿Injection syncronization¿ . ¿Injection locking¿ tem sido estudado desdo o trabalho pioneiro feito por Van der Pol na decade de 20. Apesar disso a aplicação deste principio tem sido limitada aos sistemas de microonda, para desempenhar funções tais como; amplificação, limitação e deteção de sinais FM ou PM. Nós acreditamos que este trabalho apresenta a primeira proposta em utilizar o fenômeno ¿Injection locking¿ fora da área de microonda. No capítulo I nós apresentamos de forma sucinta as principais técnicas de demodulação de freqüência. No capítulo II nós fazemos um estudo mais aprofundado numa linguagem familiar aos engenheiros elétricos, do fenômeno ¿Injection locking¿ em osciladores; neste capitulo são deduzidas expressões que fornecem, em conjunto, com os resultados simulados, condições suficientes para a compreensão e projeto do demodulador proposto. No capitulo III e IV são realizadas análises do desempenho do demodulador e projeto do circuito integrado para sua implementação, bem como os principais resultados deste trabalho ... Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: This work proposes a new frequency demodulation technique using the principle of injection locking oscillation, with application to Broadcast FM and TV signals. It is well know that the signal generated by a nonlinear oscillating system can be synchronized to an external source when appropriated frequency and power conditions are present. This ¿Locking¿ is know as ¿Injection locking¿ or ¿Injection synchronization¿ Injection locking has been studied since the pioneering work done by Van der Pol in the twenties. In spite of that, the application of the principles has been limiter to microwave system, to perform tasks like amplifyling limiting and detecting FM or PM signals. We believe that ours is the first proposition using the principle of ¿injection locking¿ outside the microwave field. In chapter I the usual techniques for frequency demodulation are briefly rewied and some relations useful for the evaluation of the circuit are emphazised. In chaper II a detailed presentation of this apllication is developed, using the usual tools of electrical engineering cicuit design, some relations are deduce, which provide, with the results of simulation, conditions for reliable designs. The analysis of the performance for the proposed demodulator, as well the I.C design and evaluation (experimental results) are presented chapters III and IV, respectively ... Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations
Doutorado
Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica
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Marković, Danijela. "Applications of the Josephson mixer : ultrastrong coupling, quantum node and injection locking in conversion." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEE025/document.

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Les circuits supraconducteurs sont parmi les technologies de l'information quantique les plus avancées. Ils ont aujourd'hui atteint la maturité qui offre un grand degré de contrôle et une large gamme d'interactions qui peuvent être précisément réalisées sur mesure. Le mixeur Josephson est un exemple de circuit supraconducteur qui effectue le mixage à trois ondes aux fréquences micro-ondes. Dans cette thèse, trois expériences, où le mixeur Josephson est utilisé pour trois applications différentes sont décrites. D'abord, nous avons réalisé le couplage ultrafort effectif entre deux modes bosoniques afin d'étudier les propriétés de l'état fondamental de ce système, tels que le squeezing à un mode et à deux modes du champ radié. Ensuite, nous avons construit un nœud quantique, capable de créer et distribuer de l'intrication sur un réseau quantique micro-onde, alors que de stocker et relâcher de l'information quantique à demande. Nous avons intégré un qubit de mesure dans ce dispositif pour augmenter le degré de contrôle sur son état quantique. Finalement, nous avons poussé le mixeur Josephson au delà du seuil de l'oscillation paramétrique, où nous avons démontré une technique inhabituelle de verrouillage par injection en conversion de fréquence dans ce dispositif non-dégénéré
Superconducting circuits stand among the most advanced quantum information processing platforms. They have nowadays reached a maturity that offers a high level of controllability and a large variety of interactions that can be precisely designed on demand. The Josephson mixer is one such superconducting device that performs three-wave mixing at microwave frequencies. In this thesis, we describe three experiments in which the Josephson mixer was used for different applications. First, we have realized an effective ultrastrong coupling of two bosonic modes that allowed us to study the ground state properties of this system, such as the single mode and the two mode squeezing of the emitted radiation. Second, we have built a quantum node, able to generate and distribute entanglement over a microwave quantum network, as well as to store and release quantum information on demand. We have integrated an ancilla qubit to this device in order to increase the degree of control over the quantum state of the system. Finally, we have pushed the Josephson mixer beyond the parametric oscillation instability threshold, where we have demonstrated an atypical injection locking technique that relies on coherent frequency conversion in this non-degenerate device
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Finateu, Thomas. "A direct digital retransmitter based on phase-interpolar direct digital synthesizer and injection locking." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13671/document.

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Cette thèse présente un émetteur radio-fréquences, composé d’un synthétiseur numérique de fréquences, lui-même construit autour d’un sigma delta et d’un interpolateur de phase, ainsi que d’un oscillateur verrouillé par injection. Le synthétiseur numérique direct génère des fréquences de 400 à 500 MHz avec une résolution fréquentielle d’au moins 60 Hz. L’oscillateur verrouillé par injection, quand à lui, transpose ces fréquences dans la bande Bluetooth en assurant une multiplication de fréquences par 5. De plus, l’oscillateur verrouillé filtre le bruit de phase du signal d’injection jusqu’à récupérer celui de l’oscillateur libre. La bande passante de l’oscillateur verrouillé par injection peut être programmée numériquement. Cet émetteur a été développée dans une technologie CMOS 65 nm
This Ph.D dissertation presents a radio-frequency transmitter, made of a direct digital frequency synthesizer, built around a sigma delta and a phase interpolator, and an injection locked oscillator. The direct digital synthesizer generates frequencies between 400 and 500 MHz with a frequency resolution better than 60 Hz. On the other hand, the injection locked oscillator up-converts synthesizer output up to the Bluetooth band by multiplying frequencies by 5. Moreover, the locked oscillator filters injected signal phase noise up to recover the one of the free running oscillator. The locked oscillator bandwidth can be tuned digitally. This transmitter has been developed on 65-nm CMOS technology
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Books on the topic "Injection locking"

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Yuan, Fei. Injection-Locking in Mixed-Mode Signal Processing. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17364-7.

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Yuan, Fei. Injection-Locking in Mixed-Mode Signal Processing. Springer, 2019.

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Book chapters on the topic "Injection locking"

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Talbot, Daniel B. "Injection Locking." In Practical Analog and RF Electronics, 167–70. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003088547-14.

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Casaleiro, João Carlos Ferreira de Almeida, Luís Augusto Bica Gomes Oliveira, and Igor M. Filanovsky. "Injection Locking." In Analog Circuits and Signal Processing, 53–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00740-9_4.

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Yuan, Fei. "Injection-Locking of Harmonic Oscillators." In Injection-Locking in Mixed-Mode Signal Processing, 25–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17364-7_2.

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Yuan, Fei. "Injection-Locking of Nonharmonic Oscillators." In Injection-Locking in Mixed-Mode Signal Processing, 135–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17364-7_4.

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Yuan, Fei. "Injection-Locking of Oscillators: An Overview." In Injection-Locking in Mixed-Mode Signal Processing, 1–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17364-7_1.

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Yuan, Fei. "Injection-Locking Techniques for Harmonic Oscillators." In Injection-Locking in Mixed-Mode Signal Processing, 93–133. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17364-7_3.

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Yuan, Fei. "Injection-Locking Techniques for Nonharmonic Oscillators." In Injection-Locking in Mixed-Mode Signal Processing, 179–216. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17364-7_5.

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Elbadry, Mohammad, and Ramesh Harjani. "Quadrature Injection Locking for Channelized Receivers." In Analog Circuits and Signal Processing, 47–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13788-9_5.

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Boulnois, Jean Luc. "Injection Locking of CW Ring Gas Lasers." In Physics of New Laser Sources, 317–30. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6187-0_21.

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Gourary, M. M., S. G. Rusakov, S. L. Ulyanov, and M. M. Zharov. "Mutual Injection Locking of Oscillators under Parasitic Couplings." In Scientific Computing in Electrical Engineering SCEE 2010, 303–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22453-9_32.

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Conference papers on the topic "Injection locking"

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Facklam, Roger L. "Self-injection locking technique." In OE/LASE '92, edited by Robert A. Fisher and John F. Reintjes. SPIE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.58120.

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Harter, D. J., J. J. Yeh, A. J. Heiney, and D. R. Siebert. "Injection-Locking and Self-Injection-Locking of Pulsed Single-Longitudinal Mode Alexandrite Lasers†." In Advanced Solid State Lasers. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/assl.1985.fa2.

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Wu, Cunkai, John G. McInerney, and Bruce W. Liby. "Phase locking of semiconductor diode lasers by phase conjugate injection." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.thw37.

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We describe a phase-locking technique for combining two and three separate commercial laser diodes (Hitachi 1400) by using phase conjugate injections. The injections come from a double phase conjugation mirror (DPCM). The photorefractive crystal is a single crystal of BaTiO3. Two phase-locking schemes were experimentally demonstrated: unidirectional injection and bidirectional mutual injection. Because the phase conjugate wave is backward going, this injection is more effective. Only a fraction of a microwatt injection from the DPCM is sufficient for phase locking. The visibility of the interference fringe between the two locked lasers is about 0.95. For the unidirectional phase conjugate injection, the curve of the dependence of locking bandwidth on the injection power was measured. The intermodal injection locking was studied. In this case the mode-coupling effect was included in the coupled wave equations. Our theoretical curve is in agreement with the experimental results. For the bidirectional phase conjugate mutual injection, the phase locking between two lasers is stable only when the injection level is less than −40 dB. When the injection level is larger than −30 dB, the output spectra of the lasers are broadened and the case is driven into multimode operation.
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Thongsopa, C., and A. Intarapanich. "Double injection locking active antenna." In 2nd European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2007). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2007.1357.

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Jignesh, Jokhakar, Bill Corcoran, and Arthur J. Lowery. "Polarization-Independent Optical Injection Locking." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2017.th4i.4.

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Burmistrov, V. V., Alexander F. Glova, V. V. Dylev, and Fedor V. Lebedev. "High-power waveguide CO2 amplifier with injection locking." In High-Power Multibeam Lasers and Their Phase Locking, edited by Fedor V. Lebedev and Anatoly P. Napartovich. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.160373.

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Goldobin, I. S., Nickolay N. Evtikhiev, Andrei G. Plyavenek, and Sergei D. Yakubovich. "Phase-locked integrated arrays of injection lasers." In High-Power Multibeam Lasers and Their Phase Locking, edited by Fedor V. Lebedev and Anatoly P. Napartovich. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.160393.

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Zhao, Guoheng. "Mode locking by coupled cavity injection." In International Conference on Optoelectronic Science and Engineering '90. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2294796.

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Pengvanich, P., Y. Y. Lau, R. M. Gilgenbach, V. B. Neculaes, M. C. Jones, W. M. White, and R. D. Kowalczyk. "Modeling of magnetron injection locking characteristics." In The 33rd IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science, 2006. ICOPS 2006. IEEE Conference Record - Abstracts. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2006.1707183.

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Gathma, Timothy D., and James F. Buckwalter. "Injection Locking Techniques for Spectrum Analysis." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS IN NONLINEAR DYNAMICS (ICAND 2010). AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3574843.

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