Academic literature on the topic 'Injection grouting'

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Journal articles on the topic "Injection grouting"

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Liu, Jun, Qingsong Zhang, Lianzhen Zhang, Fang Peng, Zhipeng Li, and Xianjie Weng. "Model Test on Segmental Grouting Diffusion Process in Muddy Fault of Tunnel Engineering." Geofluids 2020 (December 19, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6698011.

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In order to realize the diffusion law of segmental grouting in muddy fault of tunnel engineering, a three-dimensional grouting diffusion simulation test has been done. Three times of grouting operation have been done for three adjacent sections in grouting pipe. Grouting pressure, injection rate, soil pressure field, and seepage pressure field have been real-time monitored in three grouting stages. The effect of segmental grouting operation on soil pressure field and effective stress field has been analyzed. Results show that previous grouting operation can affect later grouting operation. Due to previous grouting operation, the grouted stratum can be compacted and grouting diffusion will conquer greater resistance in later grouting stages. Correspondingly, grouting pressure increases and injection rate decreases in the later grouting stage. There exists a limited influence range for a single grouting operation. For every grouting stage, soil pressure and effective stress in the section which the injection hole locates in are affected effectively by grouting operation. By contrast, soil pressure and effective stress in section away from injection hole are affected relatively weakly by grouting operation. With distance to injection hole increasing, compaction degree and reinforcement effect of grouted muddy fault decay in space. Multisegmental grouting method has significant advantages over single grouting method. Ineffectively compacted area by previous grouting operation can be effectively compacted by later grouting operation from adjacent injection hole. As a result, uniformity of grouting reinforcement effect can be improved, and weakly reinforcement area can be reduced.
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Lyapidevskaya, Olga. "Grouting mortar for annular injection." MATEC Web of Conferences 251 (2018): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201825101004.

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In conditions of cramped urban development, trenchless methods of laying engineering communications are used for environmental protection. Currently, the most widespread is shield driving with tunneling complexes. However, during construction work voids and crevices may form between the shell of the shield and the tunnel lining. In order to fill these voids and create a durable waterproof screen around the lining, the technology of injecting grouting mortars in the annular space is applied. The article shows the results of laboratory tests and gives a comparative analysis of applied grouting mortars based on mineral binders. A new composition of a grouting mortar with improved characteristics including Portland cement and bentonite clays is proposed. The results of laboratory tests of a new material are presented. Data are given that indicate the advantages of using bentonite powders for the preparation of grouting compositions over other materials used as protective injection mortars. The article contains information about field tests of the developed material, which show that the proposed grouting mortar is characterized by high rheological properties and allows obtaining a high-quality waterproof shell in the annulus.
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Sumirin, Sumirin, and Rifqi Brilyanto Arief. "Analisis Efektivitas Model Perkuatan dengan Injeksi Semen untuk Peningkatan Angka Keamanan Lereng." MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL 23, no. 1 (July 28, 2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/mkts.v23i1.14738.

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The problem of slope stability can be overcome by grouting of cement paste. But, the question often arises as to the extent of grouting of cement paste can increase the factor of safety. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the effect of grouting on increasing safety factor on the slope of embankment. Experiments have been conducted in the laboratory using 6 types of mixed samples of sand and coarse aggregate. Field testing was conducted on 1 model to determine the effectiveness of grouting. The results of the experiments show that the injection of cement paste in this study proved to be effective in strengthening the embankment with the content of coarse aggregate 60%. The increase factor of safety (FS) using grouting is from FS= 1.9 (33.3%) to FS = 2.80 (90.0%). Factors determining the effectiveness of injection are: (a) injection method with drilling technique before injection to form cement column; (b) the optimum of water-cement ratio w/c = 1.5; (c) the ratio of spacing and injection diameter Lg / Dg = 8, the depth of injection 0.75 from the height of the embankment.
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Lai, Jinxing, Zhihua Feng, Junling Qiu, Jianxun Chen, and Haobo Fan. "In Situ Test of Grouting Reinforcement for Water-Enriched Sandy Gravel Ground in River Floodplain." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2129659.

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The performance of the ground treatment is always critical for a tunnel excavated in unstable stratum. Laodongnanlu Xiangjiang Tunnel (Changsha, China) across the Xiangjiang River will be constructed in a sandy gravel ground which is characterized by loose structure, extensive porosity, elevated sensitivity, poor stability, and a high groundwater table. Permeation grouting will be employed to improve the bearing capacity and mitigate groundwater movement into the excavation. In order to seek suitable injection parameters and grouting method, a field trial of vertical grouting was conducted in the sandy gravel stratum in river floodplain. A series of tests focusing on grout material, grouting sequence of boreholes, injection pressure, and grouting volume were performed to improve the sandy gravel mass strength and reduce water permeability. The examination of the results obtained during water pressure testing and core drilling on completion of the grouting trial successfully demonstrated that the specified injection criteria had led to an expected effect. Grouting control method of this saturated sandy gravel stratum was concluded after the test, which would contribute to the future pregrouting work during the tunnelling.
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Guo, Zhi Dong, Li Jing Yi, Jing Yi Liu, and Dong Qiang Xu. "The Cause of Cracks in the Cement Concrete Pavement of County-Highway and Precautionary Measures." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 909–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.909.

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This article has analyzed the main cause of cracks in the cement concrete pavement of county-highway and proposed some precautionary measures and disposition measures.The measures of cracks in cement concrete pavement mainly have pressure injection and grouting,expansion seam grouting,directly grouting,striped overlay and nozzle grouting.
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Bzówka, Joanna, Anna Juzwa, Konrad Wanik, Lidia Wanik, and Tomasz Żyrek. "Discussion on the Influence of Various Technological Parameters on Jet Grouting Columns Geometry." Transactions of the VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava, Civil Engineering Series. 15, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tvsb-2015-0002.

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Abstract One of the most popular elements created by using jet grouting technology are columns. During designing such columns, it is a problem of estimating their shape and dimensions. The main factors that influence on columns geometry are soil characteristic and technological parameters. At the frame of Authors scientific research, following technological factors were taken into account: system of jet grouting, injection pressure, dimension of nozzles and rotation speed during injection. In the paper some results of the field tests of jet grouting columns are presented
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Al-Saidi, Aamal A., Khawla Ahmed Khalil Al-Juari, and Mohammed Y. Fattah. "Reducing settlement of soft clay using different grouting materials." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 240–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmbm-2022-0033.

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Abstract Different injection material types were tried in the injection of soft clay, such as lime (L), silica fume (SF), and leycobond-h (LH). In this study, experiments were made to study the effect of injection on soft clay consolidation settlement. A sample of natural soft clayey soil was investigated in the laboratory and the sample was injected with each of the grout materials used, L, SF, L + SF, and L + SF + LH. A 20 cm3 of each slurry grout was conducted into the soil, which was compacted in California Bearing Ratio (CBR) mold and cured for 7 days, and then the sample was loaded to 80 N load by a circular steel footing 60 mm in diameter. The settlement was recorded. The sample of each slurry grout, which provided minimum settlement, was chosen (L + SF + LH). To reduce soft clay settlement before and after footing construction, four cases were investigated. The impact of injection hole spacing and grout depth was studied. It was discovered that injecting a slurry of (L + SF + LH) into the soft clay beneath or surrounding the footing increased bearing capacity by 5–88%. Due to the shape of shear failure of the soft clay around the footing, grouting near the footing at a distance of 0.5 diameter of the footing is more effective than grouting at a distance of 1.0 diameter of the footing, and grouting near the footing at a distance of 0.5 diameter of the footing is more effective than grouting at a distance of 1.0 diameter of the footing.
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Ananthan, Prakash, and Leong Sing Wong. "Field Investigation on Limestone Treatment using Fissure Grouting Method." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.35 (November 30, 2018): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.35.22757.

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This paper documents a field study on fissure grouting for limestone with a specific aim to investigate grout injection into the rock in order to reduce its permeability. The study focused on grouting in advance of excavation and it is applicable to grouting carried out to seal exposed rock surfaces. Investigation concentrated on the need to carry out fissure grouting to seal off excessive water entering the excavation through fractured rocks. In this case, the grout mixtures involved a combination of Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and bentonite with appropriate amount of water. The grouting was performed at each stage until the grout flow rate and pressure reached a constant level for the last five minutes. If the stage of grouting in a borehole required more grout, this implies that there exist more fissure and cracks in the rock. The ultimate outcome of the rock fissure grouting was to obtain a good feed into limestone rock fissures, and thus, the process involved high injection pressure. The minimum grouting pressure was indicated as the hydrostatic pressure plus line loss pressure. To ensure that the outcome was achieved, it was recommended for an additional two bar pressure to be maintained as hydrostatic pressure.
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Xuan, Dayang, Jian Li, Kaidan Zheng, and Jialin Xu. "Experimental Study of Slurry Flow in Mining-Induced Fractures during Longwall Overburden Grout Injection." Geofluids 2020 (September 4, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8877616.

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Slurry flow in mining-induced overburden fractures is an important theoretical concept for the grouting design of longwall overburden grout injection engineering. In this study, a visual experimental simulation system of longwall overburden grouting was designed to study the flow, pressure distribution, consolidation, and fill thickness of fly ash slurry in overburden bedding separation. Experiments showed that the slurry generates a radial and bidirectional flow during nonpressure grouting and presents itself as an approximately elliptical dominant flow channel under pressure injection. This channel expanded horizontally along the strike direction and gradually became tabular. The slurry pressure increased as the grouting time increased. Although the pressure curves at different locations exhibited similar trends, their values did not decrease as the distance from the borehole center decreased during observations. Bleeding and consolidation occurred in the slurry as soon as it flowed out of the borehole to the fracture, and the degree of consolidation increased as a function of the distance from the injection borehole. The bleeding water gathered continually to the boundary of the bedding separation fracture and was then seeped to and stored by the underlying strata based on the injection pressure. The final injection fill is manifested as a half pace with a large thickness at the center. This research provides a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of overburden grout injection in underground longwall mining.
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Zahidul I. Bhuiyan, Mohammad, Shanyong Wang, Scott W. Sloan, John Carter, and Tabassum Mahzabeen Raka. "Effects of grout injection techniques in pressure grouted soil nail system." E3S Web of Conferences 92 (2019): 17010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199217010.

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The use of pressure grouting techniques in the soil reinforcement system is frequent as it has many advantages over gravity grouting. Pressure grouting can be injected by pressure and volume (flow) controlled techniques. A preliminary study was conducted for a newly developed pressure grouted soil-nail system, where a latex membrane was used as a liner around the grouting outlet to form a Tube a Manchette (TAM) for direct injection of grout into sand. In addition, a grout bag was formed with the membrane to prevent the grout injection into the sand for simulating a compaction grouting. In the investigation, a newly developed volume controlled injection system was used to inject the cement grout into the sand or grout bag for a specified flow rate and the interaction of injected grouted with the soil mass (i.e., soil stress state) was monitored by the installed total earth pressure cell around the grout outlets. From the investigation, it was found that the injected grout volume was much less for the soil-nail (TAM) than that with a grout bag around for a certain flow rate. In addition, the preliminary results indicated that the pullout capacity of the pressure grouted soil-nail controlled by the injected grout volume (grout bulb).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Injection grouting"

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Lagerlund, Johan. "Remedial Injection Grouting of Embankment Dams with Non-Hardening Grouts." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Civil and Architectural Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-9991.

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The focus of this thesis is to study the possibility of injection grouting of embankment dams affected by internal erosion. Internal erosion is a process where certain soil material from an embankment dam is removed. This phenomenon occurs in the central core of the embankment dam. If the internal erosion is allowed to continue over a longer period of time, the dam might face a fatal situation. Since the dam core is washed out, larger voids are created, thus lowering the geotechnical stability of the dam. If the voids become larger, more seepage is allowed to pass and if more seepage passes, the internal erosion process is accelerated. The central core in an embankment dam is preferably constructed with till. Till is a natural soil that origins from the ice age. The till contains a wide range of grain sizes, basically anything from clay to blocs. The mixture of grain sizes does however give the till characteristics that are highly desirable for a water retaining construction. It is cohesive, has a low permeability, a high angle of internal friction and can be found practically anywhere in Sweden. In an embankment dam the core is the water barrier. The core alone is however weak and cannot withstand the large external forces put on a dam construction. Because of this, several zones are constructed on both sides of the core. The first zone outside the core is the filter. The filter has no cohesion and is constructed with a coarser material than the core. Outside the filter, the shell is found. The shell is constructed with even coarser material than the filter and supports the entire dam structure. Outside the shell the riprap is found. The riprap protects the dam from erosive forces such as wave erosion, ice loads and heavy rainfalls. The filters main task is to protect the core from being washed out. Since the till in the core has a wide range of grain sizes, a constant rate of seepage may start to move its finer particles (clay, silt). If the filter doesn’t catch these moving particles, a loss of material will occur. This is the basis for internal erosion. If the till has a smooth particle size distribution curve it is less prone to internal erosion. The smoothness of the curve ensures that the different grain sizes involved are evenly distributed. The finer particles are mechanically locked in place by coarser particles, which in turn are mechanically locked by even coarser grains. Finally, the soil structure is more able to withstand the erosive forces provided by the seepage. If the finer particles aren’t mechanically locked and eroded by the seepage, the filter must be designed to catch them. Therefore, internal erosion occurs only if both the till and the filter flaws. If the internal erosion is continuous, the loss of material must be replaced. By doing so without dismantling the dam, injection grouting can be performed. The grout will replace the lost core material and restore the dam. The type of grout can basically be divided into two sub groups: 1. Hardening grouts; 2. Flexible grouts.

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Fox, Gordon B. "Use of injection grouting/grouted metal ties to improve seismic retrofitting of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26320.

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Kobielusz, Petr. "Městský okruh Blanka, tunel Královská obora - ražená část, stavebně technologická příprava stavby." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226100.

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My thesis is focused on process preparation and building construction technology of primary lining road tunnel, implemented in city part of Troja in the capital city Prague. Specifically it is a part of tunnel complex Blanka. The name of this part is Kralovská obora. If the all tunnel parts are built this tunnel complex Blanka can be complemented to already opened tunnels Zlíchovský, Mrázovka and Strahovský which are the part of city traffic circle. This technology preparation includes schedules and financial plans of the building, technological prescription for the primary tunnel lining, safety plan, control and trial/test plans, environmental plan, project of construction site, design of the main working machines, items budget of the north tunnel tube, coordination situation plan with wider relationships transport routes and technical report of building technological project.
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陳弘益. "The study of injection grouting to avoid liquefaction." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52079245951129413920.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
土木與防災技術研究所
89
Many soil improvement methods are studied to evaluate the most suitable way to treat the potentially liquefiable soil deposit under existing structures. After detailed evaluation, permeation grouting is the most promising one. Therefore permeation grouting is the main subject for this research. The grouts are mixtures of tap water and bentonite with various mix ratios. This grouts are Non-Newtonian fluid, its relationships between viscosity, spindle (rotor) and rotational speed are evaluated by three types of viscometers. A calibration chamber is designed and manufactured along with four pressurized tanks, namely water pressure tank, overburden pressure tank, sodium silicate tank and reactant tank. A sand raining device is used to prepare the loose saturated sand deposit in the chamber filled with water. The water and overburden pressure tanks are used to simulate in situ groundwater pressure and overburden pressure, the grout is pressurized through the open end of rig to the sand deposit. The pressure and discharge are recorded. This procedure simulates the grouting process which is in the potentially liquefiable soil. From the result of this model experiment, the relations between grouting pressure, discharge and grouting extent is obtained, this way be used to evaluate the result of soil improvement. A layer of grout is found at the level of grouting point, and is not like a radial formation in a uniform, isotropic granular soil. This discrepancy is caused by the layered deposit due to the sedimentation process of soil grains in the water.
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Sze, Kuo-Lang, and 施國琅. "A Study on Permeation Grouting and Quantity of Injection with Microfine Cement Grout." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28412842436968539815.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
生物環境系統工程學研究所
96
In this study, microfine cement grout with different water-to-cement (w/c) ratios was injected using a low-pressure permeation grouting technique into sand columns composed of sands having two different grain-size distributions (namely, a medium grain-size sand and a fine sand, or more specifically, Ottawa sands Nos.250 and 403) to determine grout injection amounts needed to reach a predetermined height of the sand columns and study the fluidity of grout in the columns. The grout was prepared and injected with a high speed vortex colloidal mixer and pneumatic grouting equipment designed and fabricated for the study. The experiment results show that the necessary injection amounts of grout having different w/c ratios for reaching the predetermined height were 1.16 to 1.63 times the volume of pores in the sand columns, wherein the necessary injection amounts became smaller and grout fluidity became lower as the w/c ratio decreased. It is also found that, whatever the w/c ratio, the injection amounts for the sand columns having the two grain-size distributions were similar times the volume of pores. Moreover, since the sand columns of the medium grain-size sand had larger pores, grout fluidity was higher in such columns. In order to evaluate the improvement of grouted samples, porosity and compressive strength were tested at different grouting distances within the samples on the seventh and 28th day after grouting. It is found that samples having a lower porosity and injected with a grout having a lower w/c ratio had higher compressive strength. Furthermore, regardless of the w/c ratio of the microfine cement grout, the sand columns composed of the medium grain-size sand showed relatively low compressive strength. This is probably because the particle and pore sizes in such columns were larger and therefore resulted in a relatively smaller cementing area between the particles and grout in a unit volume, and relatively poor grain-size distributions. This phenomenon became more apparent in sand columns injected with a high w/c ratio grout, probably because, as the w/c ratio of the grout rose, segregation increased and stability deteriorated, so that larger pores were left in the sand columns composed of the medium grain-size sand after cementing, which lowered the compressive strength still further. In addition, grout having a lower w/c ratio showed more significant filtration during grouting. As a result, the first sections of the samples which were closer to the injection point had higher uniaxial compressive strength on the seventh day. However, due to the pozzolanic reaction and hydration, the second sections of the samples exhibited higher uniaxial compressive strength on the 28th day. Besides, porosity lowered as the distance to the injection point decreased. This study also examined the effects of different slag contents (i.e., 50% and 70%) on grouting when the w/c ratio was 2. The experiment results show that, while the necessary injection amounts for reaching the predetermined height were similar for sand columns having the same grouting condition, grout fluidity was improved and the injection time shortened as the slag content increased.
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Juge, Benjamin. "Elastic Properties of Jet-Grouted Ground and Applications." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10909.

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With the development of urban areas and the constant need to change or improve the existing structures, a need for creative and less destructive soil reinforcement processes has occurred. Jet-grouting is one possible ground improvement technique. The behavior of the soil improved by jet-grouting is still not well understood. In this thesis, the mechanical behavior of the injected soil is modeled in order to determine the different parameters needed for the engineering design of a soil reinforcement based on jet-grouting. At first several models are presented in order to determine the extent of the injected zone within the soil mass, based on engineering parameters (cement poroelastic properties, injection rate). A model based on an energetic balance is proposed to compute the lower bound of the injection radius. The second part of the thesis focuses on the characterization of the uniaxial compressive strength of the soilcrete created in the injected area determined in the first part. Three different methods have been adapted to the problem. A hollow sphere model has been calibrated against published data. After calibration, both Eshelby's and averaging methods proved to provide results close to the reference data. The last part of this report presents numerical studies of the pile and of a group of piles. The study of the group of piles focuses on the effect of arching between soilcrete columns to reduce the vertical settlements due to urban tunneling at the surface. It appears that the values obtained for settlements in the presence of jet-grouted columns are much less important than in usual tunneling problems (with no reinforcement).
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Liu, Wen-Yao, and 劉文堯. "The Study of Applying Permeation Grouting Technology for Substrates Injection of In-situ Groundwater Bioremediation." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/my8527.

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博士
國立臺灣大學
生物環境系統工程學研究所
106
This study design the sand column tests in the laboratory to evaluate permeability and efficiency of substrates by using permeation grouting technology. The results show, the coarser the test sand and the lower the substrates viscosity, the better the grouting effect. If more than 5% fines added will affect the grouting results significantly. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and stepwise regression method were applied to analysis 36 sets of sand columns testing results. The relationships among the effective size of test sand (D10), the viscosity of substrates (μ)and grouting height, grouting time, grouting rate and outflow rate were obtained. The results of this study might be helpful for applying the permeation grouting technology to remedy the contaminated groundwater in the field.
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Yeh, Chuan-Yi, and 葉權逸. "Improvements on Bearing Capacity of 2D Model Piles by Injection Pressure and Volume through Tip Grouting." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37562368587762911355.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
營建工程系碩士班
101
The purpose of this study is to examine the improvement of bearing capacity of tip grouted piles through physical models. Numerical simulations by PFC2D are also conducted to verify the observations during the model testing. Base on pile load test results, the injected grouts at the pile tip would increase the pile capacity. For no surcharge case, the pile load capacity would be increased with the increasing volume of grout injection. For the case with a surcharge of 400kPa, the pile load capacity appeared minor changed for a grout volume of 250ml or less. For the grout volume greater than 250ml, the improvement on pile load capacity would be obvious. Compared with grout volume, the improvement on pile load capacity by the injection pressure would be relatively insignificant. This study also conducted numerical simulations of the tip grouting and pile load test by using a particle flow code, PFC2D. Similar to model testing, results indicated the enhancements on pile load capacity due to grout volume would be greater than that by the injection pressure, although the degree of improvements in numerical simulations was lower than that for the model testing. In addition, the enhancement on pile load capacity due to an increase in the grout volume from 500ml to 750ml appeared to be insignificant in the numerical simulations. By using the least square method, this study established relationships among pile load capacity, injection pressure, and grout volume for the prediction of improvement in pile load capacity due to tip grouting, based upon results of the model testing. The regression curves were under assumptions of quadratic and linear relationships between pile load capacity and grout volume, and between pile load capacity and injection pressure, respectively. These relationships would be useful for prediction on the improvement of bearing capacity of model piles subjected to tip grouting.
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Bhuiyan, Mohammad Zahidul Islam. "Experimental study of pressure grouted soil nail system." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1415529.

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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Soil nailing is a reinforcement technique, used to reinforce in situ ground to stabilize it more effectively and economically, in which the reinforcing slender elements (typically steel bars), called soil nails, are inserted into a soil mass by different installation methods such as driving, jacking or pre-drilling. The nailing technique is extensively applied for slopes, excavations and retaining walls. Conventionally, frictional soil nails (e.g., driven, drilled and grouted nails) are commonly used in practice, based on the soil conditions, project cost and construction flexibility, and the pullout resistance of the frictional nails primarily comes from the frictional resistance developed at the nail/soil (driven nail) or grout/soil interface (drilled and grouted nail). The frictional soil nails do not show any end bearing resistance and, thus, soil-nailed structures have the potential to undergo a relatively large lateral deflection after construction. Therefore, the frictional resistance is considered an important parameter for the design and safety assessment of conventional soil-nailed structures. In soil nailing practice, primarily, this parameter is still evaluated using field-based experience rather than a detailed scientific knowledge of nail-soil interactions. Nowadays, pressure grouting is being progressively used for soil nailed structures as an alternative to the frequently used conventional gravity/low pressure grouting, since this grouting technique has the ability to increase the bond strength significantly, which in turn increases the pullout resistance of a grouted soil nail. The objective of this research is to develop a reliable and efficient method for enhancing the pullout resistance of soil nails through experimental research. This thesis concentrates on the experimental study of pressure-grouted anchor-type nail systems, which are being developed in the Priority Research Centre for Geotechnical Science and Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Australia. To conduct the fully instrumented experimental study, a new volume-controlled injection system was developed and the existing apparatus was redesigned and modified for pullout testing of the pressure-grouted nail system. The physical model study was comprised of three test groups. The underlying objective of Group 1 was to evaluate the effects of grout injection rates on the pressure-grouted soil nail system. To assess the grouting rate effects on the grout injectability and the pullout resistance of the pressure-grouted soil nail, pressurized grout (w/c = 0.50) was injected through the pre-buried soil nail by the newly developed volume-controlled injection pump at different injection rates, viz. 4.0 L/min, 5.0 L/min, and 6.5 L/min. Note that a latex membrane was used as a liner around the grouting outlets of the pre-buried hollow nail to form a Tube-a-Manchette (TAM) for direct injection of grout into the surrounding soil, simulating compaction grouting, which resulted in the formation of a grout bulk around the outlets (injection points). The results obtained from this experimental study (Group 1) revealed that the volume of injected grout (i.e., grout penetration) increased as the injection rates increased, and thus the pullout resistance of the pressure-grouted soil nail also increased with the injection rate. It was found that the pullout resistance of the nail was governed by the injected grout volume rather than the injection pressure and the grouted nail acted as an anchor, showing a significant strain-hardening behaviour in pullout resistance. In addition, the results indicated that the expulsion (seepage) of water from the pressurized neat cement grout was directly and proportionally related to the injection rate, i.e., the higher the injection rate, the higher the seepage of water. In the case of Group 2, a series of fully instrumented physical model tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of the grout, including its bleeding resistance, propagation and pressure transfer mechanism into the surrounding soil under pressurized injection conditions. Like Group 1, a pre-buried soil nail with a Tube-a-Manchette (TAM) facility was used for direct injection of the pressurized additive-mixed grout into the soil surrounding the nail to evaluate the grout-soil interaction in sand. As a grouting fluid, three different grout compositions with water/solid (cement + additive) ratio (w/s) varying from 0.30 to 0.50 were used and the performances of these grouts were compared with a traditionally used neat cement grout (w/c = 0.50). The results of Group 2 indicated that addition of an additive (a blend of superplasticizers and suspension agents) in a neat grout mix decreased the viscosity of the grout significantly by reducing the agglomeration tendency of the cement particles in suspension. The viscosity of the cementitious grout increased exponentially as the water solid (w/s) ratio decreased, whereas fluidity increased by increasing the w/s ratio. Consequently, the injectability (penetration) of the grout into a soil mass increased with decreases in viscosity of the injecting grouts. Furthermore, it was found that the volume of grout injected not only influenced the pullout capacity of pressure-grouted nails but the shape of the bulb formed inside the compacted fill also affected this type of nail performance, since highly fluid grouts (e.g., w/s = 0.40 and 0.50) formed irregular grout bulbs (deformed bulbs) that failed easily due to the stress concentration at a very small pullout displacement without mobilizing its maximum pullout capacity for a specified grout volume. Therefore, an additive-mixed cementitious grout of w/s ratio 0.30 was suggested as an effective and alternative grouting fluid compared with the conventional neat grout (w/c = 0.50) for the pressure grouted nail system because of its high bleed resistance, high compressive strength, high bond strength, low shrinkage and high fluidity. Based on the performance of the pressure-grouted (pre-buried) soil nail with and without an additive-mixed grout (Test groups 1 and 2), an innovative driven and grouted soil nail (termed here the x-Nail) was designed and developed. The innovative x-Nail is a hybrid soil nail that introduces compaction grouting in a purely frictional driven nail. The innovative design makes it possible to drive the x-Nail into in situ ground, together with a latex balloon that is used for compaction grouting in order to form a grout bulb at the driven end of the nail to improve its pullout resistance. The ultimate objective of Group 3 was to investigate the performance of a newly developed driven and grouted soil (termed here the x-Nail) compared to a conventional driven soil nail (purely frictional nail). For compaction grouting, a special type of additive-mixed cement grout (w/s = 0.30) was used because of its zero bleeding and high bond strength, which was injected by the developed volume-controlled injection system to control injection volume. The pullout testing results of the innovative x-Nail showed that the pullout capacity of the grouted x-Nail was much higher compared with the conventional driven (purely frictional) soil nail. The pullout force of the grouted driven nail increased almost linearly with increases in diameter of the grout bulb (i.e., the larger the bulb diameter, the higher the pullout force), since the grout bulb provided a significant amount of end-bearing resistance that resulted from the passive resistance of the soil situated in front of the bulb. Almost 90% of pullout force was resisted by the expanded grout bulb. Consequently, the grouted x-Nail worked as an anchor instead of a frictional nail and showed a displacement-hardening behaviour in pullout force. Overall, it could be said that the x-Nail is a promising alternative means of soil reinforcement, which might be capable of withstanding a relatively large deformation before failure.
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ZHANG, HONG-YUE, and 張宏岳. "Study on using injection grouting of fly ash and cement for closing and remedying open dump sites." Thesis, 1988. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77638102633421244393.

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Books on the topic "Injection grouting"

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Fox, Gordon B. Use of injection grouting/grouted metal ties to improve seismic retrofitting of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings. Springfield, Va: Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Injection grouting"

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Nichols, S. C., and D. J. Goodings. "Investigation of Injection pressure during compaction grouting." In Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, 961–65. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203743362-174.

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Atkinson, R. H., M. P. Schuller, and P. B. Shing. "Injection Grouting for Repair of Masonry: Research to Practice." In Research Transformed into Practice, 349–59. New York, NY: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784400944.ch30.

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Shimada, Hideki, Yasuhiro Yoshida, Yasutaka Maeda, Takashi Sasaoka, Shuichi Fujita, Akihiro Hamanaka, and Kikuo Matsui. "Development of Grouting Material for Fly Ash Backfilling by Application of Chemical Injection." In Mine Planning and Equipment Selection, 403–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02678-7_39.

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"injection (grouting)." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 731. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_90989.

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"injection (grouting) …" In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 731. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_90990.

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"cement injection (grouting)." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 207. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_31155.

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"compaction injection grouting." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 260. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_33477.

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"Grout Injection Pressure." In Dam Foundation Grouting, 185–92. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784407646.ch06.

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"Drilling and Injection Plant and Equipment." In Grouting Theory and Practice, 105–19. Elsevier, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-87400-9.50009-9.

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Chen, Weichong, Gongbin Yan, Hao Wang, Liyan Shan, Deji Wang, Haiming Qin, Peng Xie, and Huizhou Li. "Study on Segmented Grouting and Consolidation Technology of Borehole Orifice Pipe for Water Exploration and Drainage." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde221000.

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The quality of grouting and consolidation of orifice pipe in water exploration and drainage drilling is directly related to whether a large amount of water from drilling holes can be successfully controlled. For drilling holes with fissure water within 3 m of drilling holes, grouting and consolidation of orifice pipe is a difficult point in water exploration and drainage. By studying the principle of segmented grouting technology, casing installation construction technology and technical parameters of segmented grouting consolidation and water plugging, we have solved the problem of grouting consolidation of orifice pipe under the condition of fissure water. In the field, the segmented grouting technology is adopted, which is divided into two sections. The first section grouting solves the problem of hole fixing in the first half of orifice pipe, and the second section grouting solves the problem of plugging orifice fissure water and hole fixing. After hole fixing by the above method, the water injection pressure test is successfully passed. The results show that the segmented grouting method can effectively solve the problem of orifice pipe fixation with fissure water.
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Conference papers on the topic "Injection grouting"

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Babcock, Britt N. "Injection Grouting Preserves Foundation Integrity of Multi-Story Buildings." In Grouting 2017. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480786.018.

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Bonin, Grant R., Vafa T. Rombough, Trevor G. Carter, and Michael G. Jefferies. "Towards Better Injection Control and Verification of Rock Grouting." In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Grouting and Deep Mixing. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412350.0122.

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Soga, K., S. K. A. Au, and M. D. Bolton. "Effect of Injection Rate on Clay-Grout Behavior for Compensation Grouting." In Third International Conference on Grouting and Ground Treatment. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40663(2003)19.

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Kharchenko, I. Ya, and A. I. Kharchenko. "Technologies for the formation of soil-cement massifs when developing underground space in reclaimed lands and artificial islands." In General question of world science. Наука России, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/gq-15-10-2021-13.

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In order to harden or increase the soil impermeability formed when constructing hydraulic territories, injection cement-grouting technology can be effectively applied. Its obvious advantages include environmental safety, manufacturability, durability, and economic attractiveness. The soil conditions of artificial territories are characterized by extreme uniformity, which necessitates the use of various technical solutions for their hardening. The experience of applying various soil injection cement-grouting technologies that provide the specified efficiency of the design decisions made has been analyzed in the report.
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Nichols, Silas C., and Deborah J. Goodings. "Effects of Grout Composition, Depth and Injection Rate on Compaction Grouting." In Geo-Denver 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40516(292)2.

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Palardy, Danielle, Gérard Ballivy, Jean-Philippe Vrignaud, and Caroline Ballivy. "Injection of a Ventilation Tower of an Underwater Road Tunnel Using Cement and Chemical Grouts." In Third International Conference on Grouting and Ground Treatment. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40663(2003)96.

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Bolisetti, T., R. Balachandar, and S. Reitsma. "Simulation of Colloidal Silica Grout Injection Using Shear Effects." In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Grouting and Deep Mixing. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412350.0085.

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Zhang, Xiao, Haiyang Yu, Peng Li, Wensheng Yu, and Jianguo Liu. "Simulated Grouting Diffusion Test in a Fault Medium by Single Injection Pipe." In Fourth Geo-China International Conference. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480083.017.

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Elledge, Bryan S., Michael Dubeau, and Douglas M. Heenan. "Modeling Grout Injection Volume in Fractured Rock Using Borehole Imagery." In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Grouting and Deep Mixing. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412350.0086.

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Geißler, Peter, Pablo Cuéllar, Götz Hüsken, Hans-Carsten Kühne, and Matthias Baeßler. "Insights Into Compaction Grouting for Offshore Pile Foundations." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-77277.

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The authors are currently investigating the possibility to apply compaction grouting for offshore pile foundations (Jacket piles as well as monopiles) as a possible retrofitting technique for an optimised foundation concept. In this research project, we are developing a design approach aiming to predict the ideal amount and properties of a grout for a specific soil situation and desired improvement of pile bearing capacity after installation and during service time. Both numerical and experimental tests have been carried out to investigate the injection process during which a highly viscous grout is injected into the soil under high pressure to displace and compact the surrounding soil without fracturing it. The implicit Material Point Method (MPM) based on a mixed formulation is the numerical technique chosen to deal with the expected large deformations and the arbitrary shape of the developing grout bulb. The usage of MPM prevents both the need of remeshing and the numerical instability induced by extensive mesh distortion. For validation with experimental results, we have constructed a testing chamber with one transparent sidewall. This chamber enables us to observe the injection process directly at the transparent vertical window and to measure the in-plane soil displacements and strains by means of the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique. The results already reveal the interrelation of soil and grout properties for a successful usage of this common ground improvement technique.
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