Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ingénierie didactique de développement'
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Tempier, Frédérick. "La numération décimale de position à l'école primaire : une ingénierie didactique pour le développement d'une ressource." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00921691.
Full textBelhaj, Amor Fatma. "Enseignement et apprentissage des approximations locales des fonctions au début du cursus dans le Supérieur - Cas des classes préparatoires aux études d'ingénieurs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2022. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04051033.
Full textAt the beginning of the preparatory classes for engineering studies, the concepts of the comparison relation of functions, the Taylor-Young formula and limited developments have as a fundamental characteristic that of solving problems of local approximations of functions and of physical, mechanical, optical modelling, etc. A review of works related to the didactical field of Analysis led us to the hypothesis that the identification and the characterization of the obstacles related to the appropriation and the reasoned use of the notions of local approximation of a function, contribute significantly to the study of the nature and the origin of the difficulties encountered by the students concerning the conceptualization of these objects in the first year of the Physics-Chemistry section (PC). These obstacles result a priori in large part from the absence of mathematical situations devolved to the students requiring the use of graphical representations. In order to overcome these epistemological, didactical and cultural obstacles and to allow the students to give meaning to the concept of local approximation of a function, we have elaborated and implemented, in collaboration with the teacher of the first year class (PC), a didactical engineering of development by the integration of two situations with an adidactical dimension in the teaching of the chapter "Asymptotic analysis". This engineering, built within the framework of the theory of didactical situations, aims at introducing this concept by the articulation of the semantic and syntactic dimensions and the mobilization of its various representations by using a dynamic software of geometry Geogebra for graphic constructions. The didactical analysis of the reasoning, which underlie the resolution procedures of the students, informs us very precisely on the knowledge and the knowledges mobilized by confrontation with the various situations, on the nature and the type of reasonings as well as on the semantic and/or syntactic dimensions inherent to its various stages. In our work, the experimentation combining the visualization of "dynamic" graphical representations and the mathematical reasoning, produced by the students by mobilizing their previous knowledge on the study of a function, contributed to an analytical approach allowing the introduction of the formal definition of the limited development with all the complexity of the work in the paradigm [Infinitesimal Analysis] which couples topology and Functional Analysis. Engineering also allowed, within the groups and in the whole class, to generate discussions, to bring exchanges and to make the students perceive the richness of the articulation of the various representations of the concept of local approximation of a function to pose reasoning articulating the semantic and syntactic dimensions. Thus, instead of focusing initially on the formal process of conceptualizing the limited development of order n of a function in the neighborhood of a real, it becomes possible to precisely target the graphical representations of a function and its successive polynomial approximations (of order 1, 2, 3 and 4) as an object to visualize the improvement of the polynomial approximation when the order increases; thus the approximation error decreases and it will be "better" in the neighborhood of this real. The engineering allowed the adaptation of the situations produced to the ordinary conditions of teaching and to the needs of the teachers. This study will thus be able to play a role in the training of teachers from the point of view of the construction of knowledge, the importance of didactical contract and the opening on their training by the use of the graphic framework by a work in the environment of technology at the time of the teaching of the new concepts at the Higher level
El, Mansouri Mériem. "Le jeu vidéo didactique ou serious game : processus de conception, ingénierie didactique et game design." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR2028.
Full textThis research is part of an interdisciplinary reflection on the game design of didactic video games often called serious games. Everything started with an observation : video games dedicated to the learning activity which are currently on the market suffer from many weaknesses regarding both their funny and didactic characteristics. The analysis of these games and their conception highlighted that even if the will of the designers was to combine those two aspects in the same object, the dichotomy between the “clichés” conveyed by the game and the work (serious) persisted in the minds subsequently conditioning their design. We therefore suggested a new approach to the game design of these video games, with theoretical modeling that covers the entire design process and whose implementation took the form of a mixed project management based on research and professional practices in the field of video games and information and communication sciences on the one hand, and in the field of education and the sciences of education on the other hand. We developed an "inclusive" design engineering that requires the skills of teacher-didactics specialist and game designer, in which the experience offered by the video game comes from the merging of funny and didactic aspects in a unique game scenario. Finally, we are testing such engineering proposal by making and testing a prototype video game focused on the nutrition field called "A table!", in order to figure out if it is able to remedy the weaknesses of serious games currently available
Moutet, Laurent. "Diagrammes et théorie de la relativité restreinte : une ingénierie didactique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC275/document.
Full textWe tried to develop and test several activities using a register based on diagrams for teaching the special theory of relativity to S class of twelfth graders. The graphic approach may result it complications in learning. However, its educational potential can turn out to be more beneficial. An epistemological study on diagrams used in special relativity allowed us to report important links between mathematics and the genesis of the special theory of relativity. This is the case of the Minkowski diagram. We were also interested in two other diagrams, Brehme and Loedel, which were developed much more later for teaching purposes. Following experimental sessions, we developed a new theoretical frame to comprehensively analyse the interactions developed by students to solve a problem using diagrams in special relativity. We modified the mathematical working spaces (MWS) by adding a new frame of rationality to the existing mathematic workspace to physics. The extended frame of the MWS allowed us to plan several versions of sequences proposed to the students and realize a priori analysis of their difficulty level and a posteriori study by analysing pupils' works. We have considered several works of student groups during a sequence using the Minkowski diagram with GeoGebra, a graphic simulation software. It allowed us to estimate the degree of control of the Minkowski diagram for every student, both from the frame of rationality of the mathematics and the physical sciences’ point of view. The results are promising and they tend to show a real appropriation of the concepts of the special theory of relativity with an approach using diagrams
Laguerre, Eric Gérard Simon. "Une ingénierie didactique pour l'apprentissage du théorème de Thalès au collège." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070062.
Full textThe basic aim of this research is - firstly - to define the external and internai functionalities to Mathematics of Thales theorem in order to know -secondly - if they are conveyed through History in present teaching and if they are transmittable within an engineering at a secondary school level. After an epistemological research aiming at studying the evolution of the bearing on the statement and after connected prouves in History since Greek Antiquity, we have defined difficulties met by pupils in the recognition of geometrical configurations linked to this theorem and ils application. This has more particularly permitted to show the part played by the archetypal and prototypical figures linked to the Thales theorem and the mistakes occuring as soon as the figures proposed to pupils stray from them. These mistakes have particularly allowed to define pathogen figures, the figures which have been - wrongly - admitted unable to form the subject of an application of the theorem being qualifed of pathological ones. The actual teaching of this theorem has been analysed too and a certain numer of déficiences have been shown such as the weak level of problematicalisation of th activities supposed to induce the theorem and the open approach characterizing them. From these whole researches a didactic engineering has been formed. It aims at justifying the introduction of this theorem by means of calculation problems - calculation of inaccessible distance measures in the meso-space on thé one hand at organizing thé needed relations between the meso-space and the micro-space on the other hand
Gandit, Michèle. "Étude épistémologique et didactique de la preuve en mathématiques et de son enseignement : une ingénierie en formation." Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10167.
Full textThe study shows that mathematical proof does not live in the classroom as it does in mathematics especially in the secondary school. The gap is wide. The didactical transposition distorts the meaning of mathematical proof today, learning proof is reduced to learning how to succeed in doing exercises about formal writing. Thus it is necessary to change teaching practices, so that the proof is taught more satisfactorily on epistemological and educational plans. We point out that it is relevant and possible to initiate this change by working on teachers'conceptions about the proof, teaching and learning. For this purpose we propose a teacher education engineering grounded on three problems : at first it aims students' existing relation with mathematical proof, then we make the teachers search problems and produce proofs. Then we may specify the teachers'relation with proof and begin make them reflect on their teaching practices at the same time
Rouffiac-Missonnier, Marie-France. "Mise en évidence de chemins d'apprentissage des élèves lors d'une ingénierie didactique d'électrocinétique." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070048.
Full textThe study is concerned with a process of didactic in connection with the teaching of electricity in a grade 10 class - seconde in France - of a french secondary school. Previous analysis has led us to put to the test four hypotheses respectively founded on a grasp of the prerequisites, on a previous energetic approach of the electric circuit as well on a qualitative approach and on a separate presentation of the concepts. Putting these hypotheses into practice in the researcher's class first, then in other classes and eventually in other academies has resulted in the discovery of : learning helps such as a command of the prerequisites, or of a qualitative approach which is facilitated in homogeneous groups and also made easier by remedial work ; the exitence of learning paths in the concept of intensity ; unsolved difficulties or problems such as the transition towards formalism ; the elaboration of a knowledge of a different nature by the students themselves
Gopalan-Ranganathan, Malini. "La danse indienne Kathak en France : essai de transposition et conception d'une ingénierie didactique." Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20056.
Full textKathak, an Indian dance, comprises specific body technics and narrative significances. The democratisation of this art has lead to the deformation of its teaching and its presentation. Hence, we would like to rehabilitate its fundamental corpus in order to formalize and institutionalize its instruction. The study consists in elaborating teaching contents for a keen but uninitated French public for whom no teaching strategy has been defined as yet. Our general hypothesis is that the transmission of knowledge intended for lay French pubic requires transposition. Our principal question is the balanced mix of body techniques and narrative significances in the teachable kathak On the theoritical level, we will comply with the principles of didactic transposition which supervises the passage of an objet of reference into a teaching objet and on the operational level, we will follow the methodology of didactic engineering which controls the conception and the effects of teaching contents
Coulombe, Sandra. "Développement et consolidation des stratégies métacognitives chez des étudiants en formation à l'enseignement dans une situation "investigative"." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ61996.pdf.
Full textChartier, Jacky. "Développement de pratiques collaboratives à distance en ingénierie de produit." Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0003.
Full textOur contribution positions remotely within the framework of the study of collaborative desig synchronous activities. With the aim of analysing and modelling the activity structure of the desing process, we used two design situations : experimental and industrial within VOLVO Group. According to various scientific fields, from activity theory to communication model, we model the design process like a course of a whole set of activities thus allow the description of the dynamics of a given design process. These activities represent a kind of elementary components of the design process that are rearranged in any single design situation. Then, we draw attention the emergence of the concept of aside and we are interested in an asynchronous activity carried out into synchronous : the realization of the minute of the meeting containing the main conclusions. Would the objective be then, as prospects, to determine which activities the collaborative working tools must support remotely ?
Pierre, Sylviane. "Le développement du vocabulaire actif dans des textes d'écoliers : éléments d'ordre didactique." Lyon 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO20032.
Full textThe study of the vocabulary development dictates a necessary distinction between passive and active vocabulary. Concerning the signification of words, this difference joins contextualised understanding with attribution of an independent generic meaning. This development is a complex phenomenon : - it depends on didactics and thematic register induced by the text subject; - it is related with the parallel syntactic maturity; - and it is also marked by a sexual differentiation of the production. The written sentence grows in adjectival and adverbial specification and also shows an increase of nominalisation with a proportional decrease of the use of verbs. Owing to a better mastering of syntax, the density and the variety of the lexic decrease where as the lexical volume increases
Cherkaoui, Chihab. "La planification didactique : une contribution au développement d'un planificateur didactique dynamique dans un environnement informatique d'aide à l'apprentissage de la lecture." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CLF21784.
Full textGuillaume, Clémence. "Ingénierie catalytique de polymérisation pour le développement de nouveaux polyesters fonctionnalisés." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S190.
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Ouellet, Sébastien. "Le sujet lecteur et scripteur : développement d'un dispositif didactique en classe de littérature." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00695950.
Full textBrunel, Stéphane. "Étude des activités collaboratives de conception en tant que situation d'apprentissage : application à l'ingénierie des produits et à l'ingénierie didactique." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00429635.
Full textGandit, Michèle. "Etude épistémologique et didactique de la preuve en mathématiques et de son enseignement : une ingénierie en formation." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00398847.
Full textBen, Jemaa Ahmed. "Une ingénierie didactique fondée sur une démarche d'investigation avec simulation pour enseigner les ondes mécaniques au lycée." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0100/document.
Full textThe thesis begin with a report, Based on a review of the literature, about the difficulties of the pupils and the students in relation to the concept wave. This report is strengthened by our empirical study in master's degree. The objective of our work is to build, and to make out to test, a didactic engineering based on an investigation so proposing an education differ from the custom resting on an IT simulation. After an introduction of the principles and the interest of the didactic engineering, our work is organized in four parts.The first one contains an epistemological analysis and a historic of the concept of wave, where our results show the emergence and the perseverance of the obstacle substantialist. Then, an analysis of the sessions of ordinary education of the concept of wave is realized within the framework of the theory of the joint action in didactics. This analysis highlights the nature of the practices in this Tunisian terminal classes of high school and shows the limits of such an teaching, as we consider transmissif. The cognitive analysis of the key concepts (vibration velocity and wave front) allows to support our report on the difficulties met by pupils. An analysis of the field of constraints closes this first part. The second part consists in justifying choices made to develop an educational scenario based on a situation of type PCDR's inquiry, constituted of four moments: forecast, Confrontation, Resolution and discussion. The third part is reserved on one hand, in the detailed description of the methodology of search and its various levels of analysis and, on the other hand, in an analysis a priori of the practical session of teaching of type PCDR. To finish, the fourth part proposes an analysis of the activities led during the session on the waves in a suburban high school of Tunis and an evaluation of the educational scenario. The obtained results are satisfactory with regard to compared with our waits. Indeed, the discussions of the pupils translate a real interest to solve certain situations of proposed inquiry. Furthermore, the analysis of the results of the post-test shows that the session of teaching with approch by PCDR contributed to the improvement of the number of the correct answers of the pupils and their ways of reasoning
Gerin, Murielle. "Co-écriture fille-garçon en symétrie : une ingénierie didactique coopérative pour concrétiser l’égalité des sexes au CP." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN20016.
Full textWhilst the equality of rights between women and men seems to be on the way to being achieved, equality in practice does necessarily follow course. Based on sociological work in gender studies, this didactic research is based on the following premise : equality between men and women emerges from a mutual recognition between men and women of their equal power to act. Moreover, a mutual recognition between boys and girls in knowledge, in other words an epistemic boy-girl recognition from an early age and thereafter, favours a mutual recognition between men and women at later ages. The study explores the following question : what didactic conditions are conducive to an epistemic boy-girl recognition in reading and writing? The case studied concerns the writing of a story invented in mixed pairs in first grade. It is analysed from the framework of the theory of joint action in didactics, and is based on work in the philosophy of equality from Fraisse. To understand and improve the practice, this research implemented a methodology of cooperative didactic engineering. The thesis is composed of two parts. The first part presents the epistemological background to the study where the concretisation of gender equality is considered in didactic situations, starting with the epistemic boy-girl recognition. The second part shows the development of the study’s didactic engineering : Boy-girl co-writing, in symmetry, in first grade. Through an internal validation of engineering variables, the study reveals how the professors-searcher group manages to invent a device, the draft-band, which is conducive to the emergence of signs of epistemic recognition of boy-girl writing in first grade
Boissiere, Alix. "Jeux et apprentissages mathématiques : de la conception d’un jeu de société à un ingénierie didactique et ludique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UMONS075.
Full textThis Ph.D. thesis focuses on the use of board games in the teaching of mathematics in ordinary classrooms. Its aim is to formalize the experience gained within the Plaisir Maths collective, where we have developed skills and tools for creating didactic and play-based animations and for training teachers in using games in the classroom.Our thesis builds upon the research work of Pelay* (2011) in didactics of mathematics by placing the dialectic of play and learning at the heart of the research subject. In fact, our research questions revolve around:- Identifying characteristics of games that can be used both in purely playful contexts (in socio-cultural events or at home) and integrated into didactic engineering in a school context.- Exploring the conditions and constraints for developing didactic engineering that allows the coexistence of didactic and play-based objectives.The thesis is divided into five chapters:- The first chapter addresses the research problem, examines the state of research in didactics of mathematics related to the play-learning dialectic, specifies the research questions, and introduces the concepts and methodological tools used in the study.- The second chapter revisits the concept of didactic and play-based contracts developed by Pelay (2011) and presents the characterization of different contracts along with examples of their usage.- The third chapter describes the development of the board game "l’Atelier des potion" centered around the concept of fractions, highlighting the didactic considerations integrated into the game.- The fourth chapter presents a didactic and play-based engineering approach for the additive decomposition of fractions, designed around "l’Atelier des potion", explaining how the choices of values for the didactic variables were influenced by both didactic and play-based considerations.- The fifth and final chapter is devoted to the presentation of the laboratory experimentation and its subsequent analysis.We conclude with the results obtained and the perspectives opened up by this work
Tiako, Pierre Fernand. "Modélisation de la fédération des environnements sensibles aux procédés de développement de logiciels." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPLA52N.
Full textTo face globalization, the companies which develop software need (1) to increase their production while reducing the development costs and (2) to be able to realize large software development projects even if it is necessary to involve the skills of other companies. In this thesis, we studied the problem of the federation that results from these items for the software developing companies in process sensitive environments. We proposed a solution on three levels : (1) process component modeling, (2) federation modeling by proposing primitives that can allow the environments to delegate the components in order to benefit from skills that they do not have, and (3) development of an architecture around prototype PARTNET in which the environments have a virtual existence, allowing them to demonstrate the skills that they can exert in the federation
Clouard, Régis. "Pour une ingénierie des connaissances pour le développement d'applications de traitement d'images." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Caen, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01071910.
Full textOlry, Paul. "Apprendre au travail. Inscription sociale de la didactique professionnelle." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00725325.
Full textRouillé, Emmanuelle. "Gestion de la variabilité et automatisation des processus de développement logiciel." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01061129.
Full textPrudhomme, Guy. "Le processus de conception de systèmes mécaniques et son enseignement : la transposition didactique comme outil d'une analyse epistemologique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10268.
Full textEmprin, Fabien. "Formation initiale et continue pour l'enseignement des mathématiques avec les TICE : cadre d'analyse des formations et ingénierie didactique." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00199005.
Full textMasclet, Eddy Michel Maurice. "L'explication du phénomène des saisons chez les élèves du cycle III : test d'une séquence d'enseignement et ingénierie didactique." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070012.
Full textThe work consists of a method of didactic engineering relative to the education of the astronomy to children from 8 to 11 years old, the shape of the Earth until the phenomenon of the seasons, in France. We have tested three hypotheses based on the effect of cognitive development, the effect of taking into account initial conceptual understanding and the effect of manipulation during phases of modelling and experimentation based on the comprehension of the sequence. Their test in twenty one experimental classes close to the socio-constructivism by the researcher and by ten primary teachers, then in four classes (two reference classes close to the transmissive approach and the two classes intermediate) allowed to discover the importance of the cognitive development of the pupil on the understanding of the sequence, notably as regards the projective space, the link between the cognitive development and the conception, the link between the initial conception and the understanding of the sequence, the efficiency of a sequence being inspired by the socio-constructivism through the taking into account of the initial conceptions and the manipulations, the importance of the argumentation oral and written
Niel, Olivier. "Développement vasculaire rénal in vivo et ex vivo : vers la bio-ingénierie rénale." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4023.
Full textIn mice, nephrogenesis starts with the formation of the metanephric mesenchyme, at e9.5 dpc. A mesenchymal epithelial transition, consisting of 5 steps, starts at e11.5 dpc, and leads to a mature kidney, composed of 3 main structures: glomeruli, tubules, and capillaries. The initial steps of renal development can be recapitulated ex vivo; however, terminal organogenesis and maturation are impaired, and the explants are not functional. A study of vascular development in vivo during renal development shows that angiogenesis (Pecam-1 positive cells) and vasculogenesis (VEGF-R1 positive cells) occur early, at e10.5 dpc. A quantitative analysis, by qRT-PCR, shows that Hif1α and VEGF play a major role in renal vasculogenesis. Moreover, the PGC1α signaling pathway, a HIF independent VEGF inductor, is activated under hypoxic conditions. To improve ex vivo vascular development, we propose a novel culture technique, with micro-perfusion of the explant. A morphologic analysis of the kidneys obtained by micro-perfused cultures shows no apoptosis (TUNEL), a conserved parenchymal structure (Nephrin, Cytokeratin, WT1), and a proper vascular development (Pecam-1). A micro-perfusion of WT1 vivo-morpholinos leads to a decrease in WT1 expression, thus validating our model. In conclusion, we showed the early role of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in renal development, we analyzed PGC1α role in hypoxic kidney cultures, and we proposed a novel kidney culture model
Marsaut, David. "Ingénierie optique et microsystèmes silicium : développement d'une instrumentation dédiée à la biologie cutanée." Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESA2052.
Full textVelez, Moreno Juan Fernando. "Proposition d'un environnement logiciel centré processus pour l'ingénierie des systèmes d'information." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010016.
Full textCoasne, Joelle. "Pour une approche artistique du cirque au collège : élaboration d'une ingénierie didactique collaborative en EPS en classe de 5ème." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00816470.
Full textCoasne, Joëlle. "Pour une approche artistique du cirque au collège : élaboration d’une ingénierie didactique collaborative en EPS en classe de 5ème." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN20018/document.
Full textOur research is a didactic engineering of cooperative type (Sensevy and Haberdasher, 2007) which attempts to make live in a 2nd year of middle school, the complexity of the circus, work (Chevallard, on 1995,) at the "risk of the art" (Wallon, on 2002), between "games of Ilinx and games of Mimicry" (Caillois, on 1958). By the analysis of the verbal and physical interactions, we analyze the impact of serious games that attempt to make come the class to the circassian epistemic games. The Joint Action Theory in Didactics (TACD) establishes the theoretical foundations of the construction of our research tools and our methodology that pursues the "knowledges circulation between professor and pupils". (Loquet, Roncin and Roesslé, on 2007)
Merzouk, Safae. "Développement d'un dispositif microfluidique intégrant des microcapteurs pour des applications biomédicales." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10329.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis is to develop analytical microsystems which are composed of an assembly of microfluidic devices and microsensors for biomedical applications. the work done in this thesis is one of the solutions of biomedical problematic in terms of improving of portable instrumentations based on new technologies to help the medicine in town home care that could have very beneficial consequences in public health. one of the objectives of this work is, to develop a lithium sensitive microsensor for a better control of the concentration of lithium in a patient with manic-depressive treatment by respecting the normal therapeutic range desired to improve medical diagnosis and especially a very good selectivity with the sodium ion. the second objective is to develop a novel microsensor for improving the time to antituberculosis treatment (Isoniazid), respecting the therapeutic ranges and also, to help the clinical medicine to decrease the mortal level of tuberculosis in the world. the final point is the subject of the main objective of this thesis, it’s the development of microfluidic devices and their validation tests applied to the micromixers and microfilters developped by using the manufacturing technology based on silicon/glass. The assembly of the objectives is the concept of developing a lab-on-chip for medical analysis devices to encourage mobile medicine in order to ensure the main points of biomedical research in terms of reducing the gain cost and a rapid response time for medical diagnostic
Polit, Olivier. "Développement d'éléments finis de plaque semi-épaisse et de coque semi-épaisse à double courbure." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066584.
Full textMathieu, Sophie. "Ingénierie de lectines d'invertébrés par le développement de nouveaux outils de diagnostic en cancérologie." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00568846.
Full textLevy, Philippe. "Développement de produits en ingénierie concourante : système d'information pour la gestion des problèmes d'interfaces." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX30057.
Full textThe development of complex products in a concurrent engineering approach implies the decompsition of the products in subsets then their integration and the coordination of the teams responsible for the subsests. However, many imperfections in the coordination of these teams come out during the advanced phases of development onto tecnical problems called interfaces problems, penalizing in term of cost and times. We could define the origin of the coordination problems and we noted the current lack of approach to contribute to the management of the interfaces. It then appeared significant to be interested in the analysis of the information requirements, the transactions and the communication necessary so that the teams can make the good decisions. .
Ducret, Maxime. "Ingénierie tissulaire de la pulpe dentaire : vers le développement d’un médicament de thérapie innovante." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10335/document.
Full textDental research currently explores the potential of cell-based products and tissue engineering protocols to be used as alternatives to usual pulp/dentin and bone therapies. In this context, stem/progenitor cells appear to be particularly appropriate because of their high expansion ability and differentiation potential both in vitro and in vivo. If bone marrow and adipose tissue are considered potential sources of stem/progenitor cells, painful collection protocols, the decline of the amount of stem/ progenitor cells with age, the necessity of general anesthesia, reduced proliferation capacity, and risk of morbidity at the collection site encourage the search for alternative candidates. Human impacted third molars are frequently removed for therapeutic reasons and the loose connective tissue they contain, the dental pulp, appears to be a valuable source of stem/progenitor cells for pulp/dentin and bone engineering. Indeed, it contains various cell populations that exhibit osteo/odontoblastic differentiation capabilities and that can be cryopreserved for periods of time greater than 6 months. Interestingly, human dental pulp cell (HDPC) populations were recently successfully used for regenerating human pulp/dentin and bone. Cell-based products for tissue engineering are now referred to as human cellular tissue-based products or advanced therapy medicinal products, and guidelines from the American Code of Federal Regulation of the Food and Drug Administration (21 CFR Part 1271) and the European Medicines Agency (European Directive 1394/2007) define requirements for appropriate cell production. These ‘‘good manufacturing practices’’ include recommendations regarding laboratory cell culture procedures to ensure optimal reproducibility, efficacy, and safety of the final medicinal product
Toure, Amadou. "Contribution au développement de substituts osseux auto-réticulants en ingénierie tissulaire osseuse maxillo-faciale." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT1044/document.
Full textCranio-maxillofacial bone loss requires rehabilitation of the manducatory functions and aesthetics. Autologous bone graft (ABG) remains the gold standard but may be associated with donor site morbidity; hence the need for an alternative. The use of bone tissue engineering (BTE) products remains a challenge for clinicians and researchers.Their success depends essentially on the interaction between the biomaterial and the morphogens used. BTE strategies, mediated by BMP2, have limitations. To remedy this, different protein delivery systems are studied or tested. This work contributes to the development of a self-crosslinking bone substitute (SCBS), improving the local efficiency of BMP2 and the regeneration of bone loss. Therefor, we develop a composite biomaterial consisting of two phases, calcium phosphate granules (BCP) and a silanized hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose hydrogel (Si-HPMC). The hypothesis is that the gradual release of BMP2 induces bone regeneration without causing any undesirable effects. The results obtained make it possible to consider this composite biomaterial as a promising alternative to grafting. Additional investigations, for better efficiency and safety, are needed for a transfer to human clinic
Flégeau, Killian. "Développement et caractérisation d'hydrogels d'acide hyaluronique auto-réticulants injectables en ingénierie tissulaire du squelette." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT1003.
Full textIn many situations, graft transplantation is the only solution to treat damaged skeletal tissues resulting from injuries or degenerative diseases. Yet, these grafts are associ ated with severe limitations, thus representing a huge hurdle for public health. In this context, regenerative medicine, aiming at restoring damaged tissues through the use of cells or biologics, offer a promising alternative. However, these promises are l ate being translated to successful clinical applications as cell death during injection and improver delivery of therapeutic agents affect their efficacy. To overcome these limitations, injectable hydrogels have been proposed as an emerging alternative , ab le to encapsulate and protect cells or biologics from the environment. In this context, this thesis aims at developing injectable hydrogels as scaffolds able to favor tissue regeneration. These hydrogels are formed through a self - setting covalent network o f silanized hyaluronic acid macromolecules. These scaffolds are injectable and can protect cells against shear stresses during injection. By controlling the network density, it was shown that hydrogels properties and in vivo behavior could be adapted to ma tch those of native tissues. In addition, their association with calcium phosphate granules was proved to be very effective in triggering bone regeneration. All in all, these hydrogels offer promising outcomes to regenerate damaged tissues in tissue engine ering or 3D printing applications
Sarrant-Foresti, Maud. "Étude et développement de systèmes nanostructures pour des verres optiquement fonctionnels." Saint-Etienne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STET4009.
Full textThe thesis reports on the results obtained in the frame of a PhD (Collaboration between Saint-Gobain Recherche, joint laboratory CNRS / Saint-Gobain and laboratory Hubert Curien) aiming at modelling and fabricating nanostructures for glass functionalization. The work focuses more especially on the modelling and fabrication of wire-grid broadband reflective polarizer for the visible spectrum. Modelling of deep metal diffraction gratings with any profile surface is exposed in the first part. Numerical calculation of such gratings is indeed a delicate issue, especially in the case of TM polarization : the thesis presents the electromagnetic model called «True-Mode Method» (TMM) adjusted for solving the problem. It is demonstrated that the TMM is robust and reliable enough for calculating gratings with any shape, including profiles with real fabrication defects. This demonstrates that the TMM can be used as an efficient and reliable grating design tool. Hot nanoimprint is studied in the second part as a large surface and low cost nanopatterning process. The nano-impression set-up is presented. The principle and first tests of a scatterometry set-up for measuring rheological properties of films to be nanoimpressed are presented. Finally we give the properties of a fabricated subwavelength wiregrid polarizer designed for the visible spectrum. Optical properties of the polarizer have been measured and compared to the TMM simulated ones
Bonneau, Gomes Lucie. "Le développement des compétences critiques des élèves : une étude didactique sur l'enseignement de l'histoire au lycée." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT2048.
Full textThe study of documents occupies an important place in the teaching of history.However, in the light of historical epistemology, the usual classroom practices do not allow students to approach them historically. With a corpus of five sequences, we wanted toexperiment the development of the critical study skills of documents in « Seconde » in highschool. Indeed, the identification of contextual data and the collection of information are often treated in a ritualized way and do not allow to develop this critical sense devolved to the history lesson. In reference to what historians do, we postulate that we must ensure that questionsabout the past and its traces be held together as part of a problematizedhistorian inquiry to produce knowledge. But this corpus is experimental. The results we reach show obstacles to this development, such as the questioning of the objectivity or not of a document in history, but also the posture of the teacher who seeks to produce tearable. This prevents students from recognizing situations in which to mobilize this skill, yet they have learned to master the procedures. With our results wepropose a possible curriculum to allow the development of the competence of critical studyof the document in history class
Redondo, Cecile. "Etude didactique des praxéologies de l'éducation au développement durable : des fondements épistémologiques des pédagogies de l’EDD." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0472.
Full textEducation for sustainable development (ESD) is developing in a multiplicity of contexts and configurations and calls for a pedagogical renewal through the development of innovative, participative, alternative (with classical forms) educational forms. These didactic and pedagogical methods are often used spontaneously by the actors, for whom it appears difficult to implement and justify them. We hypothesize that a fragility of knowledge at the didactic and pedagogical levels influences the quality of diffusion and that of the praxeologies involved. What are the epistemological foundations of these pedagogical techniques? We question the choice and dissemination of pedagogical praxeologies of ESD and their instrumentation by the actors in the field in the didactic and methodological perspective proposed by the anthropological theory of didactics (TAD). The results highlight the importance of building a praxeological model of reference for a better knowledge of the phenomenon of sustainable development (SD) and its implementation in an educational setting
Yaïche, Alain. "Des élèves en situation d'échec électif en mathémathiques dans le contexte d'une ingénierie didactique collaborative au cycle 2 ? : pourquoi ? comment ?" Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0067.
Full textMany elementary school teachers are engaged, for teaching of mathematics at Cycle2, in an Collaborative type Engineerie named "ACE", whose design is inspired by the TACD, Theory of Joint Action in didactic. This thesis seeks to answer the question of why some pupils are considered as failing or struggling , while their teachers work in this engineering, ACE, designed precisely by researchers to promote pupil's success. The corpus of the data, constituted with reports of lessons observed in classrooms, by shared observations, conversations with teachers, or with pupils indicated as meeting difficulties, serves an clinical type analysis which focuses on the nature of the knowledge really learnt within the framework of the relation teaching / learning. This analysis highlights a certain number of phenomena that, when they occur, unbalance the relationship between the didactic contract and the environment, and are thus likely to induce educational inequalities and hinder the progression of learning. The presence of errors then appears as a strong indicator of the situation in which the pupil "failling", "held in check".By identifying the source of these errors, analyzing them and treating them, the teacher places the student at the origin of his action, and can intervene very quickly in order to relaunch the didactic contract.By thus ensuring the peculiar progress of each student on the path of knowledge, he optimizes the advance of didactic time, and also preserves the plural progress of all students in the class
Le, Hénaff Carole. "L'anglais à l'école élémentaire : analyse didactique de l'articulation entre la langue et la culture." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00871763.
Full textChevallereau, Benjamin. "Contribution des nouvelles approches de modélisation à la durabilité des applications." Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00578443.
Full textKunegel, Patrick. "Tutorat et développement de compétences en situation de travail : essai de caractérisation des logiques tutorales." Paris, CNAM, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CNAM0529.
Full textThe development of training in alternation (sandwich courses between school and workplace) has reactivated the age-old function of tutoring. But these practices, often qualified as "spontaneous", are difficult to understand in their modes of implemted reasoning. The purpose of this research is to answer the following question : is tutoring, in work situation, an organized activity ? The interactions filmed between tutors and their apprentice, in real situation, offer protocols for a research situated in an analysis reference framework of professional didactic. The first results concern the "configurations" used as basis for the transformation of competences. The second part concerns the outstanding characteristics of the tutoral shoring. The results clarify several aspects of the enigmatic part of training in alternation : apprenticeship in workplace
Benmoussa, Saâdia. "Vers une ingénierie de formation pour le français du tourisme en contexte marocain." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB165/document.
Full textBack In the colonial era, French language was imposed for empire and influence purposes, yet nowadays, it stands as a language for professional purpose due to the impact of globalization. My research pays particular attention to the teaching of French for professional purpose in the field of tourism in Morocco. This research comes as an intersection between language didactics and initial vocational training, following the emergency programs recently decided by the Moroccan Ministry of tourism about upgrading French language level among students. Thus, the need to respond effectively has become particularly sensitive and is a strong motive for this research. This project is based on an appraisal of French teaching regarding tourism in Morocco altogether with reviewing used instruments for this purpose in one hand, and figuring out students and teachers current needs and even touristic institutions expectations in the other hand, in order to perceive didactical French appliances mainly intended to our present public. In fact, the intention is to pump some specific cultural and lingual proficiency whether it's written or oral, that meets the work market needs. For this purpose, training engineering is highly recommended
Maisani, Mathieu. "Conception et développement d’hydrogels pour l’ingénierie tissulaire appliquée au tissu osseux." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0667/document.
Full textNew strategies to overcome the clinical limitations of current techniques for bone defect filling and regeneration has led to the involvement of bone tissue engineering. Indeed, strategies based on tissue engineering techniques seem to be an alternative to the use of grafts and thus to defeat their limits. The approach employed in this thesis consists in development and use of hydrogels as scaffold materials for bone defect filling and regeneration. There are many approaches that also use hydrogels, each one with its advantages and limitations. In this context, our work consisted in the use of a non-polymeric hydrogel as basic material in the development of strategies for bone tissue engineering. Briefly, several cell types are present within bone tissue and will participate in the processes of bone formation and regeneration. The objective of our strategies was the contribution of exogenous stem cells and then their differentiation into osteogenic cells or the recruitment and differentiation of the host cells into osteogenic cells within the material. The GNF gel was used as a three-dimensional matrix considering its properties of injectability, gelation in the absence of toxic crosslinking agent and its osteoinductive potential. The goal was to develop strategies for bone tissue engineering by combining the GNF gel with a natural matrix of cellular collagen or bioactive molecules to promote the regeneration of bone lesions. This work allowed to develop and characterize strategies relevant to the regeneration of bone lesions based on the use of hydrogels
Thiefaine, Arnaud. "Caractérisation et formalisation du processus de développement construit autour du paradigme de l' ingénierie des modèles : vers une ingénierie des modèles d' ordre 2." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066251.
Full textXiang, Yan. "Un modèle de plaque en élasticité linéaire et non linéaire : convergence du développement asymptotique de la plaque élastique non linéaire." Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066519.
Full textBettez, Monique. "La recherche universitaire, vecteur du développement endogène régional : le cas de l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi au Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ40542.pdf.
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